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1
Cîrstolovean, Lucian, and Paraschiva Mizgan. "Validation of Building Energy Modeling Tools for a Residential Building in Brasov Area-Romania." Ovidius University Annals of Constanta - Series Civil Engineering 20, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ouacsce-2018-0004.
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Abstract A building energy model is a simulation tool which calculates the thermal loads and energy use in buildings. Building energy models provide valuable insight into energy use in buildings based on architecture, materials and thermal loads. In addition, building energy models also must account for the effects of the building’s occupants in terms of energy use. In this paper we discuss building energy models and their accuracy in predicting energy use. In particular, we focus on two types of validation methods which have been used to investigate the accuracy of building energy models and on how they account for their effects on occupants. The analyzed building is P + M located in the climatic zone 4, Sânpetru / Braşov. We have carried out a detailed and exemplary energy needs analysis using two methods of analysis.
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Yin, Hang. "Building Management System to support building renovation." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2010 (January 1, 2010): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2010.37.
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Many publications have concluded that around 40% of the world’s energy costs are incurred in buildings. The biggest energy users in a building are facilities which cover 40% to 60% of the total energy cost. In recent years, construction work undertaken in building renovation and rehabilitation has increased considerably. Technical renovations have always brought better building management. Modern technology has a more user friendly interface as well as giving us the successful management of building systems and associated reduced costs. In order to implement more energy efficiency in existing buildings, Building Management System (BMS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) play important roles in the energy & cost savings of the building’s life. This paper emphasises the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to support and justify essential building renovation that will improve a building’s performance and decrease annual energy costs. We will present an introduction to BMS and BIM ...
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Karakale, Vail. "Use of Structural Steel Frames for Structural Restoration of URM Historical Buildings in Seismic Areas." Journal of Earthquake and Tsunami 11, no. 04 (October 2017): 1750012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793431117500129.
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Historic buildings and monuments are an important part of our cultural heritage that must be protected and their sustainability ensured, especially when earthquakes occur. In this paper, a technique that uses structural steel frames is proposed as one way of strengthening unreinforced masonry (URM) in historical buildings. The idea underpinning this technique is to reduce the earthquake displacement demand on non-ductile URM walls by attaching steel frames to the building floors from inside. These frames run parallel to the structural system of the building and are fixed at their base to the existing foundation of the building. Furthermore, they are constructed rapidly, do not occupy architectural space, save the building’s historic fabric, and can be easily replaced after an earthquake if some minor damage ensues. The proposed technique was applied to a five-story historical masonry building in Istanbul. The results of seismic performance analysis indicate that even though the building has plan irregularities, the proposed steel frames are able to effectively enhance the building’s seismic performance by reducing inter-story drifts and increasing lateral stiffness and strength.
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Chen, Shang Yuan. "USE OF GREEN BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING IN THE ASSESSMENT OF NET ZERO ENERGY BUILDING DESIGN." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 27, no. 3 (September 19, 2019): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2019.10797.
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In the face of extreme climate, Net Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) represent a very high standard of building energy conservation. The design of NZEBs requires continuous design improvement and analysis in a decision-making process that seeks to meet energy conservation goals. This paper recommends the use of green Building Information Modelling (BIM) to support the design of zero-energy buildings. The design of NZEBs requires two sets of tasks: First, it requires determination of whether the building will offer high-energy efficiency, and, second, it lacks the installation of sufficient renewable energy equipment to meet the building’s load needs. After drawing on the spirit of the United States’ Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and considering the current situation in Taiwan, this paper recommends the use of electricity Energy Usage Intensity as a measurement unit providing a holistic indicator of energy usage and takes optimized energy performance as a performance target for various solutions. This study demonstrated procedural steps in the application of green BIM and analyzed restrictions on the implementation of green BIM to the analysis of NZEB design.
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Tolkin, Axmedov. "Reconstruction of 5-storey large panel buildings, use of atmospheric precipitation water for technical purposes in the building." American Journal of Applied sciences 02, no. 12 (December 27, 2020): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajas/volume02issue12-14.
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This article provides basic information on engineering selection and beautification of urban areas where 5-storey residential buildings should be built in response to emergencies in ways to increase the energy efficiency of buildings using atmospheric water for technical purposes.
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Thomas, Valerie M., Alan K. Meier, Siva G. Gunda, and Thomas P. Wenzel. "Cars are buildings: Building-like energy use in automobiles." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 16, no. 4 (June 2011): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2011.01.010.
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Anderson, Jodi Smits. "ENERGY USE EXCELLENCE AND THE BUILDING ENVELOPE." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 3 (June 2019): 179–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.3.179.
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We have spent the last 40–50 years working for energy efficiency in our buildings, and we have done so by increasing the performance of the heating, cooling, lighting, and ventilation systems we use. Only recently have we realized the importance of the building envelope in this endeavor. The spaces within a building are created to support the purpose and programs of that building, and it is the envelope made up of the walls, windows, doors, roof, skylights, and floor that protect and shelter those programs and purpose. In this article we will explore various components of the building envelope and discuss ways to achieve optimal energy use.
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Sobiech, Marian. "The safe use of building installations." Bulletin of the Military University of Technology 66, no. 2 (July 3, 2017): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.1889.
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The article describes the issues of technical solutions to contemporary installations used in modern buildings. Technical characteristics of installation systems refer to various sources of heat for building heating and domestic hot water. Description of the technical installation solutions also presents available materials, such as pipes, shutoff valves, regulatory, safety, control and measurement, as well as circulation pumps. In reference to the applicable installation materials there are presented potential threats in operation of the system in the case of the absence of professional service and maintenance during building exploitation. Keywords: construction, heating and ventilation installations, exploitation, operating and maintenance, use
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Porter, Keith A., Anne S. Kiremidjian, and Jeremiah S. LeGrue. "Assembly-Based Vulnerability of Buildings and Its Use in Performance Evaluation." Earthquake Spectra 17, no. 2 (May 2001): 291–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1586176.
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Assembly-based vulnerability (ABV) is a framework for evaluating the seismic vulnerability and performance of buildings on a building-specific basis. It utilizes the damage to individual building components and accounts for the building's seismic setting, structural and nonstructural design and use. A simulation approach to implementing ABV first applies a ground motion time history to a structural model to determine structural response. The response is applied to assembly fragility functions to simulate damage to each structural and nonstructural element in the building, and to its contents. Probabilistic construction cost estimation and scheduling are used to estimate repair cost and loss-of-use duration as random variables. It also provides a framework for accumulating post-earthquake damage observations in a statistically systematic and consistent manner. The framework and simulation approach are novel in that they are fully probabilistic, address damage at a highly detailed and building-specific level, and do not rely extensively on expert opinion. ABV is illustrated using an example pre-Northridge welded-steel-moment-frame office building.
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Woods, Ruth, and Judith Thomsen. "Unboxing Buildings: Engaging with Occupants during Design, Testing and Use." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 3201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063201.
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Current prioritization within EU funding sees technical requirements for sustainable buildings moving technologies closer to people’s everyday lives, thereby increasing the need for interdisciplinary research, and placing occupant engagement high on the research agenda. This is not always reflected in building research. Results are often black boxed, and occupants are offered few opportunities for participation in design and development processes. The paper considers the unintended consequences of black boxing buildings. A black box is a complex system or object which is viewed in terms of its inputs and outputs, but where knowledge of the internal workings is not required. Using an experienced-based analysis from a social science perspective, we go back and consider the controversies around black boxing the processes and results in three Norwegian building research projects. In the conclusion, we propose that some research projects should remain unboxed, making complexity visible and allowing more focus on the challenges faced by occupants. Not taking time to ask and to learn from those who will use new technical solutions hinders the design process and limits a building’s chances of achieving its sustainable potential. Designing successful building solutions requires collaboration between disciplines and occupants, encouraging an alliance between people, technology, and buildings.
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Juricek, Jan. "The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Building Automated Trading Systems." International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering 6, no. 4 (2014): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijcte.2014.v6.883.
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Pangastuti, Dyah Ayu, and Yusuf Latief. "Conceptual Framework for Developing Web-based Maintenance Systems for Government’s Simple-Buildings within the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government." Journal of International Conference Proceedings 4, no. 1 (July 22, 2021): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/jicp.v4i1.1124.
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DKI Jakarta, as the capital of the Republic of Indonesia, has the highest population density in Indonesia, with a population of 16,334 people / km2. Therefore, community facilities and infrastructure within the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government play an important role so that community service can be carried out properly. As one of the main infrastructures, State Buildings must have building reliability as stated in the technical requirements stipulated in Presidential Regulation Number 73 of 2016. Building maintenance is an activity to maintain the building's reliability and infrastructure, and facilities so that the building always functions properly. Based on a survey conducted by the DKI Jakarta Provincial Office for The Creation of Works, Spatial Planning and Land Use in 2019, the number of building assets of Province DKI Jakarta are 9823 buildings. 60% of those buildings were classified as Simple-Building category. Due to the numerous building assets, maintenance activities need to be supported by an adequate maintenance system. This study aims to develop a building maintenance system based on web. The methodology used in this research are expert validation, interviews, field survey and literature studies. The results of the validation process will be developed into a simple-building’s web-based maintenance system framework.
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Kalua, Amos. "Urban Residential Building Energy Consumption by End-Use in Malawi." Buildings 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10020031.
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Buildings account for about 40% of the global energy consumption and this energy demand is projected to continue growing over the next few decades. Residential buildings are responsible for over 60% of this consumption pattern with commercial buildings being responsible for the remainder. While residential building energy consumption constitutes about 20% of the total consumption in the developed world, it constitutes up to more than 50% in the sub-Sahara African region. The growing consumption of energy has raised concerns over the impacts on the environment, supply difficulties, and depletion of resources. In efforts toward addressing these concerns, the need for effective management of energy resources and adequate planning for energy infrastructure cannot be overemphasized within the building industry in general and the residential building sector in particular. Toward this end, it is necessary to ensure that high quality and high-resolution information on the consumption of energy in buildings is made available. Unfortunately, in many countries within the sub-Sahara African region, building energy consumption information is hardly ever readily available. This study seeks to make a contribution toward this facet of the literature at the greater regional level in general and particularly, in Malawi, a country located in the southern part of Africa. With a grounding in the context of urban residential buildings, the study identifies the key energy end-uses, investigates the proportional mixes of the end-uses and the energy sources and, finally, establishes the periodical per capita energy consumption amounts for the end-uses and the typical residential building unit.
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Yu, Xiao Ping, and Xiang Zhao Fu. "Analysis of Building Renewable Energy Use of Suitability." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.49.
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Renewable energy use in buildings is a worldwide problem, especially in China; it is under developed and begins very late, so research on BRE suitability for technological theory in buildings is a pressed problem. In this paper, a new understanding for building suitable technology with BEE is put forward and the character of suitability is emphasized with BRE consumption process. In order to improve the energy efficiency suitable technology theory, to produce more suitable environment of human settlements as well, suitability technology theory should be established by regional architecture view. The key to establish firmly building suitable technology theory of energy efficiency is how to exploit the local natural conditions and stick to the requirements for the harmony of human being with environment; this paper sets up the preliminary system frame taking solar energy as an example.
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Putra, Rezza Mahendra, Mochamad Agung Wibowo, and Syafrudin Syafrudin. "APLIKASI GREEN BUILDING BERDASARKAN METODE EDGE." Wahana Teknik Sipil: Jurnal Pengembangan Teknik Sipil 25, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32497/wahanats.v25i2.2155.
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The world of industrial construction is always developing, thus there are negative impacts arise such as the reduction of free / green land, the use of construction materials originated from natural resources in very large quantities, excessive use of energy, and air pollution. We can actually use the tropical climate in buildings and the environments using the green building concept. The green building concept includes several parts of the construction process such as green initiation (awareness of the green building concept), green design (green building design), green construction (environmentally friendly construction process), green operation & maintenance (green building maintenance). This research is conducted with the aim of analyzing the effectiveness of the application of the green building concept in construction of the buildings. The method used in this study is to compare the total cost of maintenance and impact between buildings categorized as buildings with conventional concepts and buildings with green building concepts. The variables used in this study to include the use of the type of material, monthly electricity costs, and monthly water costs. In processing the data the writer use EDGE software and the results of data processing will show the difference in the total maintenance costs of the two buildings.
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Joseph, Benedicto, Tatiana Pogrebnaya, and Baraka Kichonge. "Semitransparent Building-Integrated Photovoltaic: Review on Energy Performance, Challenges, and Future Potential." International Journal of Photoenergy 2019 (October 20, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5214150.
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Buildings consume large amounts of energy, and their transformation from energy users to producers has attracted increasing interest in the quest to help optimize the energy share, increasing energy efficiency and environmental protection. The use of energy-efficient materials is among the proposed approaches to increase the building’s energy balance, thus increasing the performance of building facades. Semitransparent building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV), being one of the technologies with the potential to increase a building’s energy efficiency, is considered as a feasible method for renewable power generation to help buildings meet their own load, thus serving dual purposes. Semitransparent BIPV integration into buildings not only displaces conventional building facade materials but also simultaneously generates energy while retaining traditional functional roles. The awareness in improving building energy efficiency has increased as well as the awareness in promoting the use of clean or renewable energy technologies. In this study, semitransparent BIPV technology is reviewed in terms of energy generation, challenges, and ways to address limitations which can be used as a reference for the BIPV stakeholders.
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Fannon, David, Michelle Laboy, and Peter Wiederspahn. "Dimensions of Use." Enquiry A Journal for Architectural Research 15, no. 1 (November 29, 2018): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enq:arcc.v15i1.447.
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Dimension—the measure of extent—is the technical means and manifestation of human use embedded in architecture. Beginning in the enlightenment historic, proportional relationships between humans and architectural dimension evolved into precise measurements, becoming by the modern era indicators of efficiency, performance, and standardization. Today, the architectural dimension has become deterministic; driven by stringent codes, standards, and benchmarks tied to building program. Divorced from their originating logics and consequences on human occupation, the dimensional standards and requirements abstract people into loads or clearances: separating buildings from human experience and use. Examining dimension’s entanglement with practice and technology to provide shelter for human use illuminates the ways architecture has been thought about and the ways it is used over time. By tracing the changing concepts, metrics, standards, and technologies of architectural measurement, this article reveals the sometimes overlooked or disconnected values and considerations of use in the theory of architectural technology. This research points towards critical approaches to design based on human use, reframing building performance towards an architectural dimension of inhabitation; one that avoids standardization and reasserts human users as the measure of building.
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Generalova, Elena M., Viktor P. Generalov, Anna A. Kuznetsova, and Oksana N. Bobkova. "Mixed-use development in a high-rise context." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183301021.
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The article deals with an actual problem of finding techniques and methods to create a comfortable urban environment. The authors emphasize that in the existing conditions of intensive urban development greater attention should be given to spatial concentration based on and more compact distribution of population in urban space. It is stressed that including mixed-use facilities into urban realm results in a significant improvement of living environment qualitative characteristics. The paper also examines modern approaches to constructing a «compact city» for comfortable and convenient living with a mixed-use tall building development. The authors explore the world's experience of designing tall mixed-use buildings and reveal modern trends in their construction. The statistics given is based on the data analysis of a group of tall mixed-use buildings consisting of more than 400 objects, constructed in 2007-2016. The research shows functional and architectural peculiarities of this typology of tall buildings and investigates a mechanism of creating zones of mixed-use tall building development in the urban structure. In conclusion, the authors consider prospects of development and major directions of improvement of mixed-use tall building parameters for a reasonable territorial urban growth and creation of high-density and comfortable building development.
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Tripathi, Nimisha. "Construction: use waste for building." Nature 550, no. 7677 (October 2017): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/550457d.
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Jansson, Gustav, Helena Johnsson, and Dan Engström. "Platform use in systems building." Construction Management and Economics 32, no. 1-2 (May 8, 2013): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01446193.2013.793376.
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Shaw, M. R., K. W. Treadaway, and S. T. P. Willis. "Effective use of building mass." Renewable Energy 5, no. 5-8 (August 1994): 1028–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-1481(94)90130-9.
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Li, Li Ping, and Shuai Fan. "Comprehensive Use of Renewable Energy in Building." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 1671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.1671.
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The envelope of traditional buildings have been so far designed and constructed only to protect the building from damage of sun, wind, snow, rain, and so on. There have been much direct and indirect renewable energy wasted. The key points of the new idea are that well make the envelope become a multi-function element, besides doing usual function it can provide the following functions: 1) collecting solar energy for heating for the buildings;2) catching wind for natural air conditioning ;3) planting on roof, wall and in window to provide beautiful color, sweet smell and helpful conditions for peoples psychology and physiology. This paper will abstractly explain our researches in this field.
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Ngo, Ngoc-Tri, Ngo Dinh Khoa Lam, Bui Minh Hieu, Nguyen Thi Thu Hang, Tang Thu Ha, and Phan Thi Hoai Thoa. "BIM application for analyzing impacts of construction parameters on energy use and energy costs in buildings." Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering (STCE) - NUCE 15, no. 3 (August 16, 2021): 144–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31814/stce.nuce2021-15(3)-12.
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Energy-saving solutions in buildings in Vietnam are a great concern for sustainable development nowadays. However, energy-efficient and cost-saving designs based on the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and building energy analysis are still limited. This study aims to provide energy-efficient and cost-saving designs for buildings by performing the cloud-based building energy simulation. Particularly, the analysis of the impact of changing building parameters on energy consumption and energy cost was performed in this study. Considered building parameters includes building orientation, wall construction, window-to-wall ratio (WWR), lighting efficiency, daylighting and occupancy controls, and, heating ventilation, and air conditioning system. The findings of the study can facilitate building designers, building owners or investors can obtain the best solution for designing the buildings. The first contribution of the study, to provide an in-depth analysis of the impact of the building parameters of energy cost and energy consumption. The second contribution is to contribute to the domain knowledge promotion of the digital transformation in the construction industry.
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Wahlström, Åsa, and Mari-Liis Maripuu. "Additional requirement to the Swedish nearly zero energy requirements." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 14002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124614002.
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This study has analysed which options would be appropriate to use as additional requirements to the main requirement of primary energy number in the new Swedish building regulations. The starting point is to ensure that buildings are built with good qualitative properties in terms of the building envelope so that low energy use can be maintained throughout the life of the building despite changes in installation systems or the building’s occupancy. The additional requirements should aim to minimize energy losses, i.e., to ensure that the building's total energy demand is low. The following possible additional requirements have been examined: net energy demand, net energy demand for heating, heat power demand, heat loss rate and average heat transfer coefficient. In order to ensure that the additional requirements will work as desired and to explore possibilities with, and identify the consequences of, the various proposals, calculations have been made for four different categories of buildings: single-family houses, apartment buildings, schools and offices. The results show that the suggested option net energy demand will not contribute to any additional benefits in relation to primary energy number. The other options analysed have both advantages and disadvantages and it is difficult to find a single additional requirement that fulfils all the pre-set demands.
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Deng, Zhang, Yixing Chen, Xiao Pan, Zhiwen Peng, and Jingjing Yang. "Integrating GIS-Based Point of Interest and Community Boundary Datasets for Urban Building Energy Modeling." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 17, 2021): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041049.
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Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) is arousing interest in building energy modeling, which requires a large building dataset as an input. Building use is a critical parameter to infer archetype buildings for UBEM. This paper presented a case study to determine building use for city-scale buildings by integrating the Geographic Information System (GIS) based point-of-interest (POI) and community boundary datasets. A total of 68,966 building footprints, 281,767 POI data, and 3367 community boundaries were collected for Changsha, China. The primary building use was determined when a building was inside a community boundary (i.e., hospital or residential boundary) or the building contained POI data with main attributes (i.e., hotel or office building). Clustering analysis was used to divide buildings into sub-types for better energy performance evaluation. The method successfully identified building uses for 47,428 buildings among 68,966 building footprints, including 34,401 residential buildings, 1039 office buildings, 141 shopping malls, and 932 hotels. A validation process was carried out for 7895 buildings in the downtown area, which showed an overall accuracy rate of 86%. A UBEM case study for 243 office buildings in the downtown area was developed with the information identified from the POI and community boundary datasets. The proposed building use determination method can be easily applied to other cities. We will integrate the historical aerial imagery to determine the year of construction for a large scale of buildings in the future.
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Ekström, Tomas, Stephen Burke, Lars-Erik Harderup, and Jesper Arfvidsson. "Proposed method for probabilistic risk analysis using building performance simulations and stochastic parameters." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 25005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017225005.
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As parts of the world continue the work of mitigating the impact of climate change, many countries strive for continued reductions in energy demand from buildings by implementing more stringent building regulations. Consequently, the importance of accurate and efficient building performance simulations to predict the energy use of a building design increases. As observed in earlier studies, there are performance gaps between the predicted annual energy demand from building energy performance simulations based on deterministic methods compared to the monitored annual energy use of a building. This paper presents a preliminary method developed using probabilistic methods for risk analysis and building performance simulations to predict the energy performance of buildings using stochastic parameters. The method is used to calculate the probability for the energy performance of a building design to fulfil the energy requirements. The consequences are quantified using an example of energy performance contracting to evaluate the inherent risk of a building’s design. The method was demonstrated in a case study and validated by comparing the results in energy performance and probability of failure against measured data from 26 single-family houses.
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Novotný, Miloslav, Karel Šuhajda, Jindřich Sobotka, and Jan Gintar. "Use of EMW Radiation in the Building Industry." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.297.
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This paper discusses theory and application of microwave radiation and experimental optimization of microwave radiation to eliminate moisture content in wood elements. Owing to its properties, microwave radiation has been used in the construction industryin modern times, in particular to dry wet masonry of buildings. Effects of electromagnetic radiation on building structures lead to relatively sharp decreases in moisture content from damp building structures or elements. The influence of electromagnetic radiation on building structures lead to oscillation of water molecules contained in the material, which cause a phase transformation of water into vapour. Consequently, the vapour evaporates from the moist material, thereby drying the element exposed to radiation.The article describes experiments carried out at the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Faculty of Technology in Brno that demonstrate successful decrease of water content in building materials using microwave radiation. First, the understanding of microwave radiationwill be discussed.Following an analysis of research results an optimum intensity of microwave radiation sources as well as the necessary length of the irradiation of microwave radiation have been determined with respect to the particular type of building material and the success rate of elimination of moisture.
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Sani, Rafooneh Mokhtarshahi, and Payam Mahasti Shotorbani. "Symbolic Use of Wind-Catchers in Iran." Open House International 38, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2013-b0008.
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In recent decades, Iranian vernacular architecture has defined the local architectural identity by demonstrating distinctive characteristics. Defining such a critical role for vernacular studies has led to different approaches in the design of the contemporary architecture of Iran. The first approach of integrating vernacular and contemporary designs has focused on local people, their needs, local construction, and building materials. The revival of vernacular architectural design and building elements has been at the forefront of this approach in Iran. However, recent use in Iran has concentrated on the symbolic/abstract reuse of vernacular building forms. Vernacular architecture is known to merely provide for the functional requirements of buildings, and not for aesthetic purposes. Conversely, in the second approach, vernacular building elements are considered to be symbols of local identity. This paper will argue that although the symbolic reuse of vernacular features may not uphold the functional expectations of the vernacular form, this reuse is useful in reviving architectural identity. In addition, underscoring such a different role for vernacular building features in contemporary architecture might help to expand the realm of vernacular studies. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the conversion of vernacular architecture in Iran by focusing on the instance of wind-catchers. Wind-catchers typically were used in residential buildings and are considered potent symbols of climate adaptation. In contemporary architecture, however, a form of wind-catcher has been used as a symbol for local architectural identity. Through this transformation, the essential nature of the wind-catcher has found new life in the contemporary architecture of Iran.
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Chow, W. K., and S. K. Fong. "Simulation of Building Energy Use for Three Buildings in Hong Kong." Energy Engineering 103, no. 3 (May 2006): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01998590609509464.
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Sobotka, Anna, Kazimierz Linczowski, and Aleksandra Radziejowska. "Substitution of Building Components in Historic Buildings." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 9211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169211.
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Historic buildings that have survived to the present day have been subject to maintenance, repair, and overhaul. Repair work is being carried out so that it can be enjoyed by future generations. However, there have been changes in the construction technology: some construction products have been discontinued and replaced with others of different quality parameters, lower prices, etc. It is necessary to use substitute products during construction work—that is, replacement products that are shaped after the original. Therefore, there is a problem of selecting the best possible substitute material, taking into account many important factors, including the recommendations and requirements of the conservator. This paper presents a methodology for the process of material substitution planning and selection of a substitute with the use of multicriteria analysis, by implementing it in the refurbishment of a historic building façade.
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Montiel-Santiago, Francisco Javier, Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez, and Julio Terrados-Cepeda. "Sustainability and Energy Efficiency: BIM 6D. Study of the BIM Methodology Applied to Hospital Buildings. Value of Interior Lighting and Daylight in Energy Simulation." Sustainability 12, no. 14 (July 16, 2020): 5731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12145731.
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One of the least used aspects of BIM (Building Information Modeling) is the ability to obtain the energy model of the building using the BIM methodology known as BIM 6D. This digital information model allows simulating the real energy behavior of the building and the improvement in the building’s lighting systems, both natural and artificial, in particular daylighting. In this way, the BIM 6D simulation allows us to make design and operation decisions for the building, not only for new buildings that must be, in accordance with current legislation, NZEB (Nearly Zero-Energy Building) but also for the rehabilitation of existing buildings. Particularly in buildings for sanitary use, BIM 6D allows an exhaustive analysis of the energy impact of said rehabilitation, guiding it towards an improvement in energy and light efficiency, which in turn provides greater quality and comfort in the use of the sustainable building. This subject of study is especially important in public buildings for hospital use. Buildings where energy efficiency and comfort, oriented towards optimal and efficient lighting, are two fundamental criteria highly appreciated by patients and citizens in general. Once the energy model of the building has been obtained, it is possible to study and identify possible alternatives to improve energy efficiency and improve lighting, as well as to analyze the possibilities of incorporating other more efficient forms of renewable energy, such as the use of daylight. In this work we can see how applying a set of simulated improvement actions in BIM 6D achieves an energy saving of 50% in general and up to 13% only by acting on lighting systems, allowing the decarbonization of buildings with high energy consumption, such as hospitals, and in turn, will lead to an improvement in the energy certification of these buildings; thus achieving a better and higher quality of habitability, using more efficient forms of lighting and transforming buildings into more sustainable spaces.
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Patenaude, Mario, and Sylvain Plouffe. "CONSIDERATION OF THE USE PHASE IN CERTIFICATION PROGRAMS FOR RESIDENTIAL GREEN BUILDING." Journal of Green Building 10, no. 1 (April 2015): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.10.1.150.
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The building industry is associated with several environmental impacts. In considering the total building lifecycle, the use phase has a strong influence on the level of impact. According to the literature, the use phase of residential buildings represents up to 92% of energy consumption, constitutes 95% of water consumption (indoor and outdoor), accounts for 45% of the weight of materials used, and produces 50% of the waste (maintenance, repair, and renovation). Green building and certification programs used in North America, such as BOMA-BESt®, LEED®, and Living Building ChallengeTM, aim to reduce the environmental footprint of housing. However, while these certifications provide a useful framework for practices related to buildings and their systems, a documentary analysis shows that they do not adequately take into account the use phase of residential buildings. The purpose of this paper is to show that consideration of the use phase is inconsistent with the impacts associated with it.
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Sini, S. K., R. Sihombing, P. M. Kabiro, T. Santhanavanich, and V. Coors. "THE USE OF 3D GEOVISUALIZATION AND CROWDSOURCING FOR OPTIMIZING ENERGY SIMULATION." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences VI-4/W2-2020 (September 15, 2020): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-vi-4-w2-2020-165-2020.
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Abstract. As the world continues in the quest to fight global warming and environmental pollution by gradually moving to renewable sources of energy, there is also a need to reduce building energy consumption by refurbishing old and historic buildings to meet the required energy standards. While this approach may differ from city to city across the globe, the refurbishment of old and historic buildings would make a significant impact. That is why it is necessary to educate building owners or occupants by simulating the existing energy consumption and proposing appropriate refurbishment strategies. Because the accuracy of energy simulation is directly proportional to the amount of data available and its reliability, there is a need to find creative ways of supplying incomplete or missing building information. The present paper describes a concept that enables individual building occupants or owners to provide this missing information. Implemented and tested with the 3D city model of Aachen, the proof-of-concept enables individual building owners or occupants to perform energy simulations based on energy information supplied.
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Ferrantelli, Andrea, Helena Kuivjõgi, Jarek Kurnitski, and Martin Thalfeldt. "Office Building Tenants’ Electricity Use Model for Building Performance Simulations." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 5541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215541.
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Large office buildings are responsible for a substantial portion of energy consumption in urban districts. However, thorough assessments regarding the Nordic countries are still lacking. In this paper we analyse the largest dataset to date for a Nordic office building, by considering a case study located in Stockholm, Sweden, that is occupied by nearly a thousand employees. Distinguishing the lighting and occupants’ appliances energy use from heating and cooling, we can estimate the impact of occupancy without any schedule data. A standard frequentist analysis is compared with Bayesian inference, and the according regression formulas are listed in tables that are easy to implement into building performance simulations (BPS). Monthly as well as seasonal correlations are addressed, showing the critical importance of occupancy. A simple method, grounded on the power drain measurements aimed at generating boundary conditions for the BPS, is also introduced; it shows how, for this type of data and number of occupants, no more complexities are needed in order to obtain reliable predictions. For an average year, we overestimate the measured cumulative consumption by only 4.7%. The model can be easily generalised to a variety of datasets.
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Deshpanday, Ishani. "Sustainable Green Building." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 25, 2021): 2301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36572.
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Green building refers to a structure and employing a method that's environmentally accountable and resource economical throughout a building’s life cycle. Since buildings consume nearly five hundredth of the world's total energy, inexperienced buildings, on the other hand, consume a minimum quantity of energy with the utilization of energy economical materials. Hence, location of inexperienced buildings within the close proximity would produce an inexperienced zone and supply a far healthier setting with minimum heat island result. In India there are 2 primary rating systems for inexperienced buildings: GRIHA (green rating for integrated surround assessment), LEED (leadership in energy and setting design). Green buildings compared to standard buildings appear specifically similar and conjointly within the building use, however disagree within the operational savings and considerations for human comfort and indoor and atmosphere. inexperienced buildings get pleasure from the advantages of saving 40-50% energy by reducing greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere; it conjointly saves concerning 20-30% of water by victimization rain gathering or gray apply techniques. It conjointly reduces VMT (vehicle miles travelled) by selecting the placement near conveyance and conveniences that helps in reduction of petrol consumption. However, on the opposite hand, inexperienced buildings face several barriers just like the high initial investment needed for construction, split incentives.
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Vink, Jacques. "Flex−Buildings Designed to Change." Open House International 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-01-2005-b0009.
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Flex−buildings are buildings which are literally designed to change. A flex−building must be able to accept different infills and its users must be able to easily adapt their surroundings. Flexibility is defined as the capacity of a building to undergo modifications and accept changes of function with limited structural interventions. More than 40% of the activities housed in a flex building can continue to function during modification. Studies into flex−buildings (commissioned by the Dutch Government) have elicited a number of insights. These are not hard−and−fast conclusions but more in the region of statements and reminders for those involved with flex−buildings. These studies show that it takes more than civil engineering to successfully realise such buildings. Aspects of use and management are at least as important. Besides, it requires designers who are willing to let go of their design after it is finished. For the result is not a completed ‘architectural’ product but a continually changing object. Following insights (among others) will be illustrated with built and unbuilt projects in the Netherlands. • The façade design, for example, figures prominently in designing flexible buildings. It makes special demands on the design’s presentation during the design process, as the building can assume different appearances over time. The double facade is a promising concept that allows for expressive and/or open facades in flexible buildings. It can also help to reduce a building’s energy consumption. • Also by deliberately incorporating excessive space and construction a building has the necessary leeway to accommodate future developments. A building’s flexibility is enhanced by oversize in structure as well as space. • A big multi−use building in Rotterdam (H. A. Maaskant / W. van Tijen (1951)) and recent projects of RUIMTELAB are presented as case−studies. These are an inspiration for architects and planners looking for design tools to help achieve an open architecture.
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Ehling, Angela. "Characteristics, quarrying and use of Silesian building sandstones today and in history." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 158, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2007/0158-0351.
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Gupta, R., M. Kapsali, and M. Gregg. "Comparative building performance evaluation of a ‘sustainable’ community centre and a public library building." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 38, no. 6 (June 26, 2017): 691–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417717202.
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This paper uses a forensic building performance evaluation approach to undertake a comparative evaluation of the in-use energy and environmental performance data (collected over two years) of two civic buildings located in Southeast England – a small community centre (<1000 m2) and a medium-sized public library building (∼4500 m2), which are designed to high sustainability standards (EPC A rating) and low heating demand met by on-site low/zero carbon technologies. Although both buildings achieved measured air-permeability rates of ∼5 m3/h.m2, they encountered similar issues related to poor documentation of ‘as-built’ drawings, poor handover and guidance, problems with integrating and maintaining new technologies (heat pumps, biomass boilers and solar thermal), lack of calibration of sub-meters, and issues with automatic window controls. However, the actual annual energy use of the community centre is similar to the design prediction, while it is almost double the prediction in the case of the library building. This is because the community centre management team overcame some of the issues through their continuous engagement and interest in the building’s performance, whereas the management team of the Library building failed to engage with energy management, resulting in disuse of the biomass boiler and solar thermal system. Practical application: Comparative building performance evaluation (BPE) systematically reveals the similarities and differences in the actual energy and environmental performance of two ‘sustainable’ civic buildings. Careful management of heating and electricity loads, good occupant control over the indoor environment and high performance of low-carbon technologies in the Community Centre results in the building performing better than good practice benchmark. Regular changes in facility management (FM) staff result in inadequate energy management and control over heating, ventilation and lighting, that undermines occupant comfort and leads to excessive energy use in the library building. For civic buildings to perform as designed, it is vital that metering, sub-metering and controls are set up, commissioned and used properly by the FM team. Design teams should ensure that easy-to-understand user guides are made available before handover for FM and occupants.
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Skrzypek - Ahmed, Sylwia. "LEGAL ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF THE BUILDING AND THE TAX OBLIGATION UNDER THE REAL ESTATE TAX." International Journal of Legal Studies ( IJOLS ) 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.3251.
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In practice, doubts may arise both about the issue of the tax obligation under real estate tax, as well as its expiry, especially in the situation of demolition of buildings (or sale of real estate after construction). Taxpayers point out that an object deprived of one of the constitutive elements, such as walls or roof, is not a building and should not be taxed regardless of the duration of its demolition. The majority of administrative courts take the side of taxpayers, stating, among other things, that demolition works in a building are most often stretched in time, therefore the tax obligation may be extinguished before the end of demolition due to the demolition of the building's constitutive features under the Act . Thus, the expiry of the tax obligation may be related to depriving the building of one of the external building partitions (a load-bearing wall) or the roof. It is important, therefore, that the taxpayers carrying out the demolition (in the event of a dispute with the tax authorities) can document the demolition of the roof or wall of the building, entries in the construction log, as well as evidence in the form of photographic documentation.
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Basińska, M. "The use of multi-criteria optimization to choose solutions for energy-efficient buildings." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 65, no. 6 (December 1, 2017): 815–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2017-0084.
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AbstractThe goal of this paper was to optimize the building envelope and technical equipment in the building through the mitigation of the global cost value, and then to evaluate the influence of the chosen assumptions on the primary energy index. The analyses carried out using global cost method allow for finding the cost optimal solution but only for the some range of primary energy index variability. In order to find the optimal solutions it was proposed to use the multi-criteria optimisation, assuming the following as basic criteria: a global cost value and investment prices increase (economic criteria), a primary energy index (energy-related criterion), an emission of carbon dioxide (environmental criterion). The analysed case study refers to the technical solutions for the residential buildings with the usable energy demand at the level of 40 and 15 kWh/m2/a. The presented method might be applied to different types of buildings: those being designed and those being the subject of the thermo-modernisation. The results demonstrate that the proposed model allows for classification of the alternative technical solutions regarding the designing process and the building’s technical equipment. The carried out analyses indicate the economic possibility to achieve the low energy building standard and show the need to concentrate the activities related to the installation technology and used energy source.
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Droutsa, Kalliopi G., Constantinos A. Balaras, Spyridon Lykoudis, Simon Kontoyiannidis, Elena G. Dascalaki, and Athanassios A. Argiriou. "Baselines for Energy Use and Carbon Emission Intensities in Hellenic Nonresidential Buildings." Energies 13, no. 8 (April 23, 2020): 2100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13082100.
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This work exploits data from 30,000 energy performance certificates of whole nonresidential (NR) buildings in Greece. The available information is analyzed for 30 different NR building uses (e.g., hotels, schools, sports facilities, hospitals, retails, offices) and four main services (space heating, space cooling, domestic hot water and lighting). Data are screened in order to exclude outliers and checked for consistency with the Hellenic NR building stock. The average energy use and CO2 emission intensities for all building uses are calculated, as well as the respective energy ratings in order to gain a better understanding of the NR sector. Finally, in an attempt to determine whether these values are representative for the various Hellenic NR building uses, their temporal evolution is investigated. The average primary energy use intensity is 448.0 kWh/m2 for all NR buildings, while the CO2 emissions reach 147.5 kgCO2/m2. The derived energy baselines reveal that indoor sports halls/swimming pools have the highest energy use, while private cram schools/conservatories have the lowest, due to their operational patterns. Generally, from the four services taken into account, lighting is the most energy consuming, followed by cooling, heating and finally domestic hot water. For a total of 11 building uses, more data from the certificates will be necessary for deriving representative baselines, but, when it comes to buildings categories, more data are required.
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Tam, Vivian, Laura Almeida, and Khoa Le. "Energy-Related Occupant Behaviour and Its Implications in Energy Use: A Chronological Review." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (July 26, 2018): 2635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082635.
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It is essential to understand how significantly occupants’ actions impact the performance of a building, as a whole, in terms of energy use. Consequently, this paper reviews the available resources on energy-related occupant behaviour and its implications in energy use in a building. A chronological review on energy-related occupant behaviour and its implications in energy use has been conducted. As a main existing gap, it was identified by researchers the difference between real energy performance and the one that is predicted during the design stage of a building. The energy predicted during the design stage of a building may be over twice the energy used in the operation stage. Buildings are one of the most energy intensive features in a country. They are affected by the interaction and correlation of several different variables, such as: its physical characteristics, technical systems, equipment, occupants, etc. Therefore, buildings are considered to be complex systems that require a careful and intensive analysis. Moreover, one of the key variables impacting real building energy use is occupant behaviour. The way occupants behave and their motivations are some of the main aspects that need to be considered in a building life-cycle.
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Garyaev, Nikolay, and Fadi Ayoub. "Using of building information modeling for existing buildings assessment." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 04053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304053.
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The use BIM technology for new buildings have been proving his efficiency since the technology had established, the efficiency in costs estimation, construction management, resource saving incresed the interest to use BIM for existing building. The researchers covered a wide range of potential benefits for BIM in existing buildings such as: Facilities management, restoration and retrofit planning, deconstruction process, assessment and monitoring, maintenance and energy efficiency. In this paper the use of BIM for estimating the degree of physical deterioration is covered, based on the method included in the literature in Russian federation.
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Kim, Young Ki, Lindita Bande, Kheira Anissa Tabet Aoul, and Hasim Altan. "Dynamic Energy Performance Gap Analysis of a University Building: Case Studies at UAE University Campus, UAE." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010120.
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As a result of an increasing demand for energy-efficient buildings with a better experience of user comfort, the built environment sector needs to consider the prediction of building energy performance, which during the design phase, is achieved when a building is handed over and used. There is, however, significant evidence that shows that buildings do not perform as anticipated. This discrepancy is commonly described as the ‘energy performance gap’. Building energy audit and post occupancy evaluation (POE) are among the most efficient processes to identify and reduce the energy performance gap and improve indoor environmental quality by observing, monitoring, and the documentation of in-use buildings’ operating performance. In this study, a case study of UAE university buildings’ energy audit, POE, and dynamic simulation were carried out to first, identify factors of the dynamic energy performance gap, and then to identify the utility of the strategy for reducing the gap. Furthermore, the building energy audit data and POE were applied in order to validate and calibrate a dynamic simulation model. This research demonstrated that the case study building’s systems were not operating as designed and almost a quarter of the cooling energy was wasted due to the fault of the building facility management of the mechanical systems. The more research findings were discussed in the paper.
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Chen, Hong, Wei Luo, Fengbing Zhao, Limei Geng, and Shiyun Cheng. "Research on Green Design Strategy of Office Building." E3S Web of Conferences 271 (2021): 02011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127102011.
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Green building design refers to reducing the energy consumption of buildings through the use of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly technologies during the design and construction of buildings. The consumption of water resources and electric energy in office buildings is significantly higher than that of ordinary residential buildings, which has a greater impact on the environment during the construction process. Therefore, the use of green building design in the design of office buildings plays an important role in reducing building energy consumption. This article takes an office building in Chongqing as an example to explain the green optimization design and provide support for subsequent related constructions.
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Wahab, A. B. "Perception of Building Occupants on the use of Generating Sets." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 13, no. 6 (February 28, 2017): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n6p300.
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Poor power supply is a major bottleneck to the technological development of the country and this has forced building occupants to shift to dependence on generating sets of different types and brand which subject its users to myriad of effects. This study was aimed at assessing perception of the users of generators in buildings on the effects associated with its usage in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. The study area was divided into core, transition and suburban residential zones. Multistage and quota sampling techniques were used to select respondents sampled in residential and commercial buildings respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse data collected. The study showed that 50.29%, 51.19%, 45.90% of residential buildings’ respondents in the core, transition and suburban zone while 56.41%, 43.33% and 42.86% of occupants of commercial buildings in the corresponding core, transition and suburban zone indicated that hearing problem was the most physiological effect that the use of generating sets exposed them to. Cut injuries from the elcetro-mechanical components of generating sets were the most prominent injuries had by the occupants of residential buildings while irritation of the eyes during refueling was the most significant effect had by respondents in the commercial buildings. High cost of fuel and damage to electrical appliances were the most uncomfortable indicator with uncomfortability index of 0.804 and 0.776 in residential and commercial buildings respectively. The study also found that the use of generating sets had caused structional, functional and aesthetical effects on the building elements. It was recommended that there is dire need on the part of government to enhance environmental sustainability by provision of sustainable energy sources to buildings in view of the effects associated with the use of generating sets.
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Pritoni, Marco, Drew Paine, Gabriel Fierro, Cory Mosiman, Michael Poplawski, Avijit Saha, Joel Bender, and Jessica Granderson. "Metadata Schemas and Ontologies for Building Energy Applications: A Critical Review and Use Case Analysis." Energies 14, no. 7 (April 6, 2021): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14072024.
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Digital and intelligent buildings are critical to realizing efficient building energy operations and a smart grid. With the increasing digitalization of processes throughout the life cycle of buildings, data exchanged between stakeholders and between building systems have grown significantly. However, a lack of semantic interoperability between data in different systems is still prevalent and hinders the development of energy-oriented applications that can be reused across buildings, limiting the scalability of innovative solutions. Addressing this challenge, our review paper systematically reviews metadata schemas and ontologies that are at the foundation of semantic interoperability necessary to move toward improved building energy operations. The review finds 40 schemas that span different phases of the building life cycle, most of which cover commercial building operations and, in particular, control and monitoring systems. The paper’s deeper review and analysis of five popular schemas identify several gaps in their ability to fully facilitate the work of a building modeler attempting to support three use cases: energy audits, automated fault detection and diagnosis, and optimal control. Our findings demonstrate that building modelers focused on energy use cases will find it difficult, labor intensive, and costly to create, sustain, and use semantic models with existing ontologies. This underscores the significant work still to be done to enable interoperable, usable, and maintainable building models. We make three recommendations for future work by the building modeling and energy communities: a centralized repository with a search engine for relevant schemas, the development of more use cases, and better harmonization and standardization of schemas in collaboration with industry to facilitate their adoption by stakeholders addressing varied energy-focused use cases.
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Michalak, Hanna, and Paweł Przybysz. "The Use of 3D Numerical Modeling in Conceptual Design: A Case Study." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 15, 2021): 5003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14165003.
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This article describes the construction of a building with four aboveground floors and one underground floor as part of the ongoing development of Warsaw’s city center. A 3D numerical model was developed to reflect the spatial and structural solutions of the new building based on the design documentation with regard to the outcomes of geotechnical tests, the actual phases of work completed, the results of the geodetic measurements carried out in individual phases of the building implementation, and the characteristics of the existing adjacent buildings. The 3D numerical model was calibrated taking into account the results of the geodetic measurements of the benchmarks stabilized on the adjacent buildings. The numerical models of the building were used to analyze a number of multiple-step variants, taking into account the increase in the number of aboveground floors (from 1 to 4) and underground floors (by 1), as well as the increase in the projected area of the underground part compared to the area of the site designated for development. The paper presents the conclusions of our analyses, which may be helpful to others designing buildings in intensively urbanized areas and guide them in selecting the best solution.
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Robinson, Clive. "Structural Building Information Modelling in Use." IABSE Symposium Report 94, no. 15 (January 1, 2008): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137808796106026.
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Ding, Yuemin, Yiyu Ding, and Natasa Nord. "Data-driven analysis of electricity use for office buildings: a Norwegian case study." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 04005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124604005.
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Buildings are major consumers of primary energy and main contributors to carbon emission. To improve energy efficiency, it is essential to understand the characteristics of energy use in buildings. This study uses an in-use office building with digital systems for monitoring and control in Trondheim, Norway, as the study case. Based on data collected from this office building, a data-driven analysis was conducted to capture the characteristics of electricity use of different parts in the office building. The approaches used in this study included statistical analysis and polynomial regression. The impact of occupancy level on the total electricity use, the electricity use in office areas, and that in corridors & meeting rooms was also studied. The hourly electricity use profiles were obtained for ventilation fans and the cantina. In the end, the electricity use characteristics and existing issues in this office building were discussed.