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Journal articles on the topic 'Used Superabsorbent Polymer'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Miao, Zong Cheng, Fang Wang, Deng Deng, Lei Wang, and Zhong Jin Li. "Effect of Different Clay of Attapulgite and Montmorillonite on the Superabsorbent Based on XG-g-PAA." Advanced Materials Research 557-559 (July 2012): 1085–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.557-559.1085.

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In order to research the better water absorption characteristic of superabsorbent polymer based on acrylic acid grafted with xanthan gum (XG), the different clay of montmorillonite (MMT) and attapulgite (AC) was used to mix with the material respectively. By introducing montmorillonite or attapulgite to the superabsorbent polymer, the maximum water absorbency was enhanced obviously. The two kinds of superabsorbent polymers of XG-g-PAA / MMT and XG-g-PAA / AC were synthesized by free-radical graft polymerization in aqueous solution using potassium persulfate as a free radical initiator and meth

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2

Huo, Xiao Ping, Fang Wang, Deng Deng, and Lei Wang. "Effects of Montmorillonite and Acrylic Acid on the Superabsorbent Polymer Based on Xanthan." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.200.

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Superabsorbent polymers, which have been used for many applicaions, are an important class of polymers. Superabsorbent polymer based on organic montmorillonite (MMT) and xanthan gum(XG) were prepared by by free-radical graft polymerization of aceylic acid on XG in aqueous solution as a free radical initiator, and then organic montmorillonite (OMMT) was introduced as filler into superabsorbent. The effects of montmorillonite and xanthan on the swelling behaviour of the superabsorbent polymer had been studied in detail. Under the optimal synthesis condition, where the temperature was 65°C, the r

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3

Zhang, Shuxin, Yangyang Peng, Ran Jiang, et al. "Predicting the Swelling Behavior of Acrylic Superabsorbent Polymers Used in Diapers." Advances in Polymer Technology 2021 (December 1, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9999826.

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Acrylic polymer is a superabsorbent for water and widely used in diapers, in which its swelling behavior can be significantly affected by several factors, i.e., the time, temperature, pH, and salt concentration, and thus the product performance in the applications. In this work, the water absorption behavior of acrylic superabsorbent polymers by each of these individual factors was investigated. The results showed that the water absorbency increases with the pH in the range of 2 to ~7 and decreases when the pH continues to increase. However, it decreases with the increases in NaCl concentratio

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4

Yu, Cong, Kamyar Malakpoor, and Jacques M. Huyghe. "A three-dimensional transient mixed hybrid finite element model for superabsorbent polymers with strain-dependent permeability." Soft Matter 14, no. 19 (2018): 3834–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm01587a.

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5

Dolatkordestani, Mojtaba, Mansour Taghvaei, and Andrea Mastinu. "Effective Treatments for the Successful Establishment of Milkweed (Calotropis procera L.) under Water Deficit." Land 12, no. 11 (2023): 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12111987.

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The application of superabsorbents to soils and seed coatings is a pre-sowing seed treatment method that is commonly used to improve early vigor and establish stability and uniformity under water deficit conditions. To evaluate the interaction of seed coating and superabsorbent on Calotropisprocera L. (milkweed) under water deficit conditions, a greenhouse experiment was conducted. The experiment was conducted with four coating material levels (non-coated seeds and seeds coated with peat moss, vermicompost, and canola residue), four growth medium levels (soil, sand + soil, soil + 2 g superabso

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Krasnopeeva, Elena L., Gaiane G. Panova, and Alexander V. Yakimansky. "Agricultural Applications of Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogels." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 15134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315134.

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This review presents data from the past five years on the use of polymeric superabsorbent hydrogels in agriculture as water and nutrient storage and retention materials, as well as additives that improve soil properties. The use of synthetic and natural polymeric hydrogels for these purposes is considered. Although natural polymers, such as various polysaccharides, have undoubted advantages related to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low cost, they are inferior to synthetic polymers in terms of water absorption and water retention properties. In this regard, the most promising are

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Shahi, Sina, Mohammad J. Zohuriaan-Mehr, and Hossein Omidian. "Antibacterial superabsorbing hydrogels with high saline-swelling properties without gel blockage: Toward ideal superabsorbents for hygienic applications." Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers 32, no. 2 (2016): 128–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883911516658782.

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Superabsorbent polymer hydrogels with antibacterial activity were prepared by an ion exchange reaction as a feasible approach to induce high saline absorption without gel blockage. Hydroethanolic solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were used to modify surface particles of cross-linked sodium acrylate- co-acrylic acid copolymers which already synthesized under defined conditions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to study the structural characteristic of the finished products. The influence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide on free (in water) and loaded (in saline) sw

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8

Azeem, Babar, Ku Zilati Ku Shaari, Zakaria Man, and Duvvuri Subbarao. "Recent Advancements on Superabsorbent Polymers to Produce Controlled Release Urea (Short Review)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 625 (September 2014): 761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.761.

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Controlled release urea (CRU) is produced to avoid nitrogen losses caused by volatilization, leaching and denitrification. Superabsorbent polymer materials have recently caught the attention of research circles to be used as coating materials to produce CRU. This review portrays recent advancements on the use of superabsorbent polymer materials to produce CRU with special focus on release experiments.

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9

Choi, Yun-Wang, Sung-Rok Oh, Cheol-Gyu Kim, and Jae-Heun Lee. "A Study on the Fundamental Quality of Magnesia-Phosphate-Formed Mortar Composites Using Superabsorbent Polymer for Development of Concrete for Biological Panel." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (November 1, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1892127.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the base material of the biological panel as one of the researches for developing the biological panel using (micro)organisms. In order to select the base material for the biological panel, the applicability of the magnesia-potassium-phosphate-foamed mortar composites material using the superabsorbent polymer was evaluated through the evaluation of basic quality and characteristics. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the fluidity, compressive strength, pH, roughness (porosity distribution), and moisture retention (absorbency) of the magnesia-pho

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10

Czarnecka, Elżbieta, Jacek Nowaczyk, Mirosława Prochoń, and Anna Masek. "Nanoarchitectonics for Biodegradable Superabsorbent Based on Carboxymethyl Starch and Chitosan Cross-Linked with Vanillin." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (2022): 5386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105386.

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Due to the growing demand for sustainable hygiene products (that will exhibit biodegradability and compostability properties), the challenge of developing a superabsorbent polymer that absorbs significant amounts of liquid has been raised so that it can be used in the hygiene sector in the future. The work covers the study of the swelling and dehydration kinetics of hydrogels formed by grafting polymerization of carboxymethyl starch (CMS) and chitosan (Ch). Vanillin (Van) was used as the crosslinking agent. The swelling and dehydration kinetics of the polymers were measured in various solutes

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11

Pereira, Luiza Fernanda dos Santos, Marcos Roberto Furlan, and Paulo Fortes Neto. "Superabsorbent polymers in slurry gelling." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no. 7 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2533.

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Disposal of solid waste in landfills causes negative impacts on the environment, caused by emissions of greenhouse gases and the release of dark-colored leachate. It’s composition includes high concentrations of suspended solids, heavy metals, salts and organic compounds. Given the above, this study evaluated the use of superabsorbent polymer in the treatment of leachate. Slurry samples were collected at the Taubaté landfill in two seasons to determine electrical conductivity, pH, turbidity, oils and greases. Other samples were submitted to the following treatments: 3.5 g of polymer with 500 g

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Susmanto, Prahady, Anggi Junia Putri, and Ajeng Parwati. "Synthesis of Sustainable Superabsorbent Biopolymer: Modified Rice Straw Cellulose with Initiator and Crosslink Agent." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 31, no. 4 (2024): 527–38. https://doi.org/10.2478/eces-2024-0034.

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Abstract Superabsorbent biopolymers are polymer-based materials that have high absorption capabilities made from synthetic monomers modified with natural monomers such as cellulose. The addition of cellulose as a natural monomer is to produce a product with superabsorbent properties biodegradable so as not to have a negative impact to the environment. The aim of this research was to determine the potential of rice straw cellulose to be used as a natural monomer in the manufacture of superabsorbent biopolymers. The preparation of this superabsorbent biopolymer was carried out by varying the con

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Muhammad, Isma’ila, Pindiga Maryam Abbaji, Muhammad Ahmad, Usman Abubakar Yuguda, and Faizu Abdulmumini. "Efficiency and Impact of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) Hydrogels Application on Growth Performance of Soybean (Glycine max) During Water Deficit Conditions." Journal of Environmental Bioremediation and Toxicology 6, no. 2 (2023): 68–73. https://doi.org/10.54987/jebat.v6i2.988.

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Water is becoming the most limiting factor for sustainable crop production. The application of superabsorbent polymer SAP hydrogel as a soil conditioner can improve soil natural environments, water retention and release capacity, nutrient use efficiencies and agricultural produce. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of different superabsorbent polymer rates on soybean growth performance. The superabsorbent polymer used in this study, 0 (Control), 5 g, 10 g and 15 g were mixed thoroughly with the loamy soil and used to fill the 10×10cm poly bags. The experiment was laid out in a Random

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14

Bachra, Yahya, Ayoub Grouli, Fouad Damiri, Mohammed Talbi, and Mohammed Berrada. "A Novel Superabsorbent Polymer from Crosslinked Carboxymethyl Tragacanth Gum with Glutaraldehyde: Synthesis, Characterization, and Swelling Properties." International Journal of Biomaterials 2021 (November 20, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5008833.

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Nowadays, current global environmental problems include measures to eliminate or reduce the negative impact of chemicals from petroleum sources and, therefore, the use of materials from natural resources is increasingly recommended. In this context, natural-based superabsorbent polymers derived from polypeptides and polysaccharides have undergone chemical and biochemical modifications to improve their ability to absorb and retain large amounts of liquids. In the present paper, a new process has been used to overcome the side effects of radical polymerization in the manufacture of conventional

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15

Yamuna, V., and P. Kandhavadivu. "Recent developments in the synthesis of superabsorbent polymer from natural food sources: A review." Scientific Temper 14, no. 02 (2023): 510–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.58414/scientifictemper.2023.14.2.43.

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Superabsorbent polymer is a water absorbing polymer which absorbs and holds large amount of water where it is widely used in agriculture and in incontinent pads. In earlier days, superabsorbent polymer was synthesized purely from synthetic materials which are now being replaced with the combination of natural materials due to the awareness of eco friendliness and biodegradability. Many research works have been carried out in the preparation of natural based SAPs. Hence this review focus on the general process of SAP preparation, mechanism and the types of natural products which is used in food

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16

Khotib, Mohammad, Zainal Alim Mas'ud, Nurul Eriza, Ian Subastiar, and M. Fikry Nasrudin. "A New Superabsorbent Polymer Derived from Acrylamide and Fine Coal." Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan 19, no. 2 (2024): 171–80. https://doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v19i2.37341.

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The fine coal was a by-product of the mechanical coal processing used at the coal mine, that can be converted to added value materials. The objective of this study to obtain the new superabsorbent polymers (SAP) derived from fine coal. The SAP synthesis was conducted via a free radical polymerization with various percentage of fine coal is 10; 25; and 40% of acrylamide and fine coal total. The copolymerization was carried out for 3 h at 70 °C, followed by subsequent saponification with 1 M NaOH for 2 h. The superabsorbent composite was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectro

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17

Bagherifard, Aminallah, Yousef Hamidoghli, Mohammad Hasan Biglouei, and Mehrorang Ghaedi. "Effects of drought stress and superabsorbent polymer on morpho-physiological and biochemical traits of Caper (Capparis spinosa L.)." January 2020, no. 14(01) 2020 (January 20, 2020): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.01.p1418.

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Capparis spinosa, commonly known as caper bush, is native to certain hostile growing conditions including sandy or gravelly soils, rocky hillsides, cliffs, stone walls and rock crevices in Mediterranean coastal regions. Caper plant is used for the prevention of soil erosion in sloppy areas. Synthetic superabsorbent polymer was developed as a soil conditioner to heighten plant establishment and growth in drought-prone growing area. During growing seasons of 2016-2017, the effects of soil amendment with the superabsorbent Polymer A200 in four levels (S1= 0, S2= 75, S3= 150 and S4= 225 g) were in

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18

Jung, Andre, Manuel B. Endres, and Oliver Weichold. "Influence of Environmental Factors on the Swelling Capacities of Superabsorbent Polymers Used in Concrete." Polymers 12, no. 10 (2020): 2185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12102185.

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Superabsorbent polymers (SAP) are of major interest as materials to control the cement hydration process. The swelling behavior of the SAPs significantly influences the performance of the resulting concrete by slowly releasing polymer-bound water in order to maintain a consistent w/c value. A round-robin test conducted by the RILEM Technical Committee 260-RSC showed that the same batch of polymer can lead to large deviations in concrete performance and this was assumed to originate in different storage conditions of the SAP. In this contribution the change in the performance of two SAPs, a cro

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19

Rehman, Tanzil Ur, Luqman Ali Shah, Mansoor Khan, Muhammad Irfan, and Noor Saeed Khattak. "Zwitterionic superabsorbent polymer hydrogels for efficient and selective removal of organic dyes." RSC Advances 9, no. 32 (2019): 18565–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra02488c.

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20

Shao, Jiaying, King Ho Holden Li, Ahjeong Son, and Beelee Chua. "A self-powered insulin patch pump with a superabsorbent polymer as a biodegradable battery substitute." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 19 (2020): 4210–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tb00385a.

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Biodegradable superabsorbent polymer is used as a battery substitute in a self-powered insulin patch pump. It highlights the possibility of addressing used batteries in medical waste stream and its environmental contamination without compromising on healthcare standards.

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21

Prafulla, K. Sahoo. "A Microwave- irradiated Novel Superabsorbent Polymer Hydrogel (Guar gum-g- PAA): Synthesis, characterization and property studies." International Journal of Nanomaterials, Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine 4, no. 2 (2018): 009–13. https://doi.org/10.17352/2455-3492.000025.

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The main aim of the present study was to synthesize Guar gum grafted poly acrylic acid (Gg-g-PAA) superabsorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogel via free radical emulsifier-free emulsion graft polymerization technique using microwave irradiation. The so prepared superabsorbent polymer hydrogel was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The properties like swelling ability and biodegradability were also studied which has a profound influence in agriculture, biomedicine, pharmaceutics, etc. The SAP may potenti

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22

Dehgan, B., F. C. Almira, and T. H. Yeager. "SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER-AMENDED MEDIA FOR CONTAINER-GROWN WOODY ORNAMENTAL CROPS." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 601g—602. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.601g.

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Rooted cuttings of Photinia X fraseri and Podocarpus macrophyllus were grown in Metro-mix 500 amended with 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, or 1.0% (w/w) Stockosorb 300, a K-based superabsorbent polymer. All 3-liter containers were irrigated with 500 ml of 100, 200, 300, or 400 ppm 20N-8.7P-16.72K Peters fertilizer solution once every 3, 6, 9, or 12 days, respectively. In comparison with the unamended media, P. X fraseri had equal or better growth (shoot and root fresh and dry weights, increased height, and branch and leaf numbers) with 3, 6, and 9 day irrigation in all but the 1 % amended medium. Growt

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23

Mikiciuk, Grzegorz, Małgorzata Mikiciuk, and Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw. "Influence of superabsorbent polymers on the chemical composition of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) and biological activity in the soil." Folia Horticulturae 27, no. 1 (2015): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fhort-2015-0015.

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Abstract By improving the air and water properties of soils, superabsorbent polymers can affect the increase and improvement of the quality of the yield of berry plants, including strawberries. Their presence in the soil has an influence on its biological activity as related to microorganisms. The aim of the research was to assess the influence of superabsorbent polymers added to the soil on the content of macroelements and sodium in the leaves and fruit of strawberry of the ‘Elsanta’ cultivar and changes in the number of soil bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi. The superabsorbent polymer (Agro

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Ebrahimi, Rajabali, Giti Tarhande, and Saeed Rafiei. "The Study of Ultrasonic Degradation of Superabsorbent Hydrogels." Organic Chemistry International 2012 (October 15, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/343768.

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Viscometry is a valid and practical approach for monitoring the degradation of polymers in solution. In this work, at constant power and pulse, the effects of different operating parameters such as time of irradiation, temperature, solution concentration, volume, solvent, and immersion depth of horn on the rate of degradation have been investigated in aqueous solution using laboratory scale operation. A method of viscometry was used to study the degradation behavior of aqueous dispersions of microgels. The experimental results show that the viscosity of polymer solution decreased with an incre

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25

Fořt, Jan, Petr Hotěk, Martin Mildner, Jitka Krejsová, and Robert Černý. "Effect of superabsorbent polymer admixtures on hygric and thermal properties of cement mortar." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 14011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017214011.

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Materials known as superabsorbent polymers (SAP) or hydrogels are currently used in quite a few applications, ranging from diapers or napkins to nutrient carriers and soil conditioners. The great ability of SAPs to absorb and hold a significant amount of water can be utilized well also in the construction sector. For instance, SAPs can serve as effective admixtures for mitigation of autogenous shrinkage of high-performance concrete, frost protection, or cracks sealing. In this paper, basic physical, hygric and thermal properties of cement mortars containing superabsorbent polymer admixtures ar

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Campanile, Assunta, Barbara Liguori, Giuseppe Cesare Lama, et al. "The Role of Superabsorbent Polymers and Polymer Composites in Water Resource Treatment and Management." Polymers 16, no. 16 (2024): 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16162337.

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In the last century, the issue of “water reserves” has become a remarkably strategic topic in modern science and technology. In this context, water resource treatment and management systems are being developed in both agricultural and urban area scenarios. This can be achieved using superabsorbent polymers (SAPs), highly cross-linked hydrogels with three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer structures capable of absorbing, swelling and retaining huge amounts of aqueous solutions. SAPs are able to respond to several external stimuli, such as temperature, pH, electric field, and solution composition

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Cao, Ya Feng, Kai Liu, Zhao Li Liu, Feng Zhi Tan, and Yuan Li. "Synthesis of Superabsorbent Polymer in Inverse Emulsion via Post-Cross-Linking." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.443.

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Firstly a graft copolymer was synthesized by graft copolymerization of starch with acrylamide (AM) in inverse emulsion, and then the copolymer was deaminated and post-cross-linked by heating to produce three-dimensional superabsorbent polymer. The effect of initiate conditions, composition and concentration of emulsifier, cross-linking methods and conditions were investigated. The results show that the optimized conditions are as follows: The mixture of (NH4)2S2O8-(NH2)2CO are used as initiators, and molar ratio of initiators and acrylamide is 1.4∶105; The mixture of Span20 and Tween80 with th

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Raymundo, Sánchez-Orozco, Timoteo-Cruz Beatriz, Torres-Blancas Teresa, and Ureña-Núñez Fernando. "VALORIZATION OF SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERS FROM USED DISPOSABLE DIAPERS AS SOIL MOISTURE RETAINER." International Journal of Research - Granthaalayah 5, no. 4 (2017): 105–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.569984.

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This study was conducted to explore the potential of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) from used disposable diapers as soil moisture retainer. Swelling behavior of the proposed hydrogel in response to external stimuli such as salt solutions, temperature and pH was studied. In addition, laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of incorporation hydrogel on germination of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and pumpkin (C. pepo) seeds. The structure of the used superabsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicate that the proposed S

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Whang, Minji, Hyeonji Yu, and Jungwook Kim. "Superabsorbent Polymer Network Degradable by a Human Urinary Enzyme." Polymers 13, no. 6 (2021): 929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060929.

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Owing to its superior water absorption capacity, superabsorbent polymer (SAP) based on a poly (acrylic acid) network is extensively used in industrial products such as diapers, wound dressing, or surgical pads. However, because SAP does not degrade naturally, a massive amount of non-degradable waste is discarded daily, posing serious environmental problems. Considering that diapers are the most widely used end-product of SAP, we created one that is degradable by a human urinary enzyme. We chose three enzyme candidates, all of which have substrates that were modified with polymerizable groups t

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Prabhakar, Reetu, and Devendra Kumar. "Studies on Polyacrylate-Starch/Polyaniline Conducting Hydrogel." Current Smart Materials 4, no. 1 (2019): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2405465804666190313154427.

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Background: The superabsorbent polymers based conducting hydrogel such as polyaniline impregnated polyacrylate-starch hydrogel were synthesized via two -steps interpenetrating polymer network process. In the present work instead of using a synthetic polymer of acrylamide, a biodegradable polymer such as starch has been used with polyacrylate superabsorbent polymer. The main attempt of this work is to analyze the electrical conductivity of resulting hydrogel at varying concentrations of crosslinker, initiator, monomer, and a copolymer for improving the properties of synthesized hydrogel and ela

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Ren, Hao, Jie Li, Yu Fen Zhang, and Tai Zhong Huang. "Properties and Synthesis of Kaolin / Potassium Polyacrylate / Acrylamide Composite Superabsorbent Resin." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 1331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.1331.

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The aqueous solution polymerization methods were used for the synthesis of superabsorbent resin. The effects of different experimental factors on synthetic resin water absorbency were investigated in this paper. The variables examined in this study included monomer concentration, neutralization degree, initiator and crosslinker concentration, reaction temperature and time, etc. The maximum absorbencies of distilled and 0.9% saline water are 919 times and 92 times respectively under optimum condition. Analysis from FTIR and SEM shown the polymer molecules can be firmly fixed with kaolin, the bo

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Kihara, Nobuhiro. "Development of oxidatively degradable polymeric materials that can be easily recycled and reused, reducing negative environmental impacts." Impact 2022, no. 3 (2022): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2022.3.34.

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Polymers are useful and increasingly prolific and their improper disposal is a growing problem. Diacylhydrazine can be incorporated into polymers to enhance thermal and chemical stability and may also make them oxidatively degradable, which means they can be easily and safely disposed of after use, with no environmental implications. Professor Nobuhiro Kihara, Department of Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Japan, recognised the need for a polymer that has a degradation reaction initiated by artificial stimuli, which led him to study oxidatively degradable polymers. Using diacylhydrazine, he and

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Morinaga, Yuka, Yuya Akao, Daisuke Fukuda, and Yogarajah Elakneswaran. "Delayed Absorption Superabsorbent Polymer for Strength Development in Concrete." Materials 15, no. 8 (2022): 2727. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15082727.

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Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are used as internal curing agents in cementitious materials, which reduce autogenous shrinkage in concrete as they have a low water-to-cement ratios and improve the freeze–thaw resistance. However, the compressive strength of concrete may also be reduced due to additional voids in the hydrated cement matrix. In this study, we fabricated a delayed absorption type of SAP (I-SAP) composed of cross-linked modified acrylate and studied its absorption characteristics and effect on compressive strength after 28 days. Furthermore, the effect of curing conditions on the

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Misiewicz, Jakub, Arkadiusz Głogowski, Krzysztof Lejcuś, and Daria Marczak. "The Characteristics of Swelling Pressure for Superabsorbent Polymer and Soil Mixtures." Materials 13, no. 22 (2020): 5071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225071.

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Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) are used in agriculture and environmental engineering to increase soil water retention. Under such conditions, the swelling pressure of the SAP in soil affects water absorption by SAP, and soil structure. The paper presents the results of swelling pressure of three cross-linked copolymers of acrylamide and potassium acrylate mixed at the ratios of 0.3%, 0.5% and 1.0% with coarse sand and loamy sand. The highest values of swelling pressure were obtained for the 1% proportion, for coarse sand (79.53 kPa) and loamy sand (78.23 kPa). The time required to reach 90% of

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Wang, Wen Bo, and Ai Qin Wang. "Preparation, Swelling and Water-Retention Properties of Crosslinked Superabsorbent Hydrogels Based on Guar Gum." Advanced Materials Research 96 (January 2010): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.96.177.

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Utilization of natural polymer as matrix for preparing hydrogels can improve the performance of the materials and render them environmentally friendly. In this work, the guar gum-g-poly(sodium acrylate) (GG-g-PNaA) superabsorbent hydrogels were prepared by the solution graft copolymerization of natural guar gum (GG) with partially neutralized acrylic acid (NaA) using ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker. FTIR spectra confirmed that NaA had been grafted on GG chains. The effects of reaction variables including the concentration of APS and M

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Shin, Younghyun, Dajung Kim, Yiluo Hu, et al. "pH-Responsive Succinoglycan-Carboxymethyl Cellulose Hydrogels with Highly Improved Mechanical Strength for Controlled Drug Delivery Systems." Polymers 13, no. 18 (2021): 3197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13183197.

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Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-based hydrogels are generally superabsorbent and biocompatible, but their low mechanical strength limits their application. To overcome these drawbacks, we used bacterial succinoglycan (SG), a biocompatible natural polysaccharide, as a double crosslinking strategy to produce novel interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogels in a non-bead form. These new SG/CMC-based IPN hydrogels significantly increased the mechanical strength while maintaining the characteristic superabsorbent property of CMC-based hydrogels. The SG/CMC gels exhibited an 8.5-fold improvement

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Aquino, Chamylle Rose, Fauline Deune Carlos, Francis Padua, et al. "Extraction of cellulose from waste papers for the preparation of cellulose graft-poly (acrylamide) for superabsorbent." MATEC Web of Conferences 268 (2019): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926804013.

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This article reports the use of wastepaper pulp as a direct source of cellulose for producing superabsorbent polymer. The white papers obtained from the offices in Adamson University were cut into 1 inch square pieces and drenched with distilled water and borax. This procedure was done couple of times to achieve a pH of 8 and consistency of 1%-2%. Commercial cotton was used as control to compare and differentiate the properties and structures with the superabsorbent polymer (SAP). Various trials have shown the value of 60 acrylamide beads to produce SAP with optimum performance. FTIR analysis

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Jiao, Yixin, Tongming Su, Yongmei Chen, et al. "Enhanced Water Absorbency and Water Retention Rate for Superabsorbent Polymer via Porous Calcium Carbonate Crosslinking." Nanomaterials 13, no. 18 (2023): 2575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13182575.

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To improve the water absorbency and water-retention rate of superabsorbent materials, a porous calcium carbonate composite superabsorbent polymer (PCC/PAA) was prepared by copolymerization of acrylic acid and porous calcium carbonate prepared from ground calcium carbonate. The results showed that the binding energies of C–O and C=O in the O 1s profile of PCC/PAA had 0.2 eV and 0.1–0.7 eV redshifts, respectively, and the bonding of –COO− groups on the surface of the porous calcium carbonate led to an increase in the binding energy of O 1s. Furthermore, the porous calcium carbonate chelates with

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Li, Gui, Marianne Tange Hasholt, and Ole Mejlhede Jensen. "Environmental Assessment of Frost-resistant Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymers." Nordic Concrete Research 63, no. 2 (2020): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2020-0011.

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Abstract Air-entraining agents (AEA) are normally used to improve the frost resistance of concrete. However, it is not possible to accurately control the air void system in concrete with AEA. Thus, a significant loss of concrete strength is caused by over-dosing voids, and this increases the environmental impact from concrete structures. Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) can also be used to produce frost-resistant concrete. Compared to AEA, it can be used to precisely engineer the air void structure of concrete, promote cement hydration, and mitigate self-desiccation cracks. In this study, life cyc

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Santos, Karyne Ferreira dos, António Carlos Bettencourt Simões Ribeiro, Eugênia Fonseca da Silva, Manuel Alejandro Rojas Manzano, Leila Aparecida de Castro Motta, and Romildo Dias Toledo Filho. "Effect of the Combination of Superabsorbent Polymers for Autogenous Shrinkage Control with Steel Fibers of High-Performance Concrete under Uniaxial Tension Using DIC." Materials 13, no. 20 (2020): 4638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13204638.

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This paper presents a study of the effect of a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) for autogenous shrinkage control on the uniaxial tensile behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). The use of fibers and SAP potentially increases the durability of the concrete, preventing cracking by autogenous shrinkage and enhancing post-cracking behavior. Furthermore, SAP can provide further hydration for self-healing purposes and improve the ductility of the SFRC. In order to evaluate the effect of the addition of SAP in SFRC, dog-bone SFRC specimens with different dosages of superabsorbent polymers wer

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Desbrieres, Jacques, Stephanie Reynaud, Pierre Marcasuzaa, and Francis Ehrenfeld. "Actuator-Like Hydrogels Based on Conductive Chitosan." Advances in Science and Technology 84 (September 2012): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.84.29.

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Intrinsically conducting polymers are of great interest for a large number of applications. But among major drawbacks are their low solubility in common solvents and their poor mechanical properties. Elaboration of composites associating a matrix, bringing its mechanical properties, and polyaniline, as the conducting polymer is a way of overcoming these disadvantages. Chitosan-graft-polyaniline copolymers were synthesized by simple oxidative method. The grafting reaction was quite total and it was found that the copolymers crosslinked to yield a composite hydrogel in which the polyaniline was

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Guan, Yajing, Huawei Cui, Wenguang Ma, Yunye Zheng, Yixin Tian, and Jin Hu. "An Enhanced Drought-Tolerant Method Using SA-Loaded PAMPS Polymer Materials Applied on Tobacco Pelleted Seeds." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/752658.

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Drought is one of the most important stress factors limiting the seed industry and crop production. Present study was undertaken to create novel drought-resistant pelleted seeds using the combined materials with superabsorbent polymer, poly(2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid) (PAMPS) hydrogel, and drought resistance agent, salicylic acid (SA). The optimized PAMPS hydrogel was obtained as the molar ratio of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) to potassium peroxydisulfate (KPS) and N, N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) was 1 : 0.00046 : 0.00134. The hydrogel weight after sw

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Arckarapunyathorn, Wissawin, Pochpagee Markpiban, and Raktipong Sahamitmongkol. "Impact of Superabsorbent Polymer on Shrinkage and Compressive Strength of Mortar and Concrete." Sustainability 16, no. 5 (2024): 2158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16052158.

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This article aims to study the effects of mixtures with superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) when using different mixing methods. The mixing methods used in this study are the dry mixing method and wet mixing method. Autogenous shrinkage, total shrinkage, drying shrinkage, compressive strength, and curing sensitivity index values are investigated. The results show that mixtures with SAPs have reduced autogenous shrinkage and total shrinkage. Shrinkage is more effectively reduced by the dry SAP mixing method than the wet SAP mixing method. The compressive strength derived by the dry SAP mixing method

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Alkarawi, Rasha Jasim, and Merool Vakil. "Self-sealing cementitious materials by utilizing superabsorbent polymers." Al-Qadisiyah Journal for Engineering Sciences 17, no. 3 (2024): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30772/qjes.2024.147403.1152.

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A current direction in scientific research is the search for technological solutions that provide high reliability for building materials. Incorporating self-sealing agents during the design phase makes concrete more eco-friendly by reducing the maintenance processes and extending concrete's lifespan which leads to reducing the need to produce cement causing a lot of CO2 emissions. As a consequence, this investigation describes an attempt to assess the performance of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) as a self-sealing agent. In the experimental work, two different particle sizes were taken into con

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Wang, Qing, Sha Chen, Pei Guang Zhao, Yu Cao, Long Fei Zhu, and Hai Tao Wei. "Preparation and Properties of the Slow-Release Fertilizer with Green Coat." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 4745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.4745.

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A kind of double-coated environmental friendly fertilizer was prepared by urea as a core, well-mixed keratin and oxidation starch as an inner coating, and superabsorbent polymer as the outer coating. The influence of water absorbency, water retention, and the slow-release behavior of the study fertilizer were investigated. 0.01M CaCl2 immersion extraction and Kjeldahl digestion method were used to measure the content of nitrogen. And the result showed that the nutrient release was 72wt% on the thirtieth day. This result corresponded with the standard of slow release fertilizers of the Committe

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Meng, Hongyu, Xin Zhang, Qiuchi Chen, et al. "Preparation of poly(aspartic acid) superabsorbent hydrogels by solvent-free processes." Journal of Polymer Engineering 35, no. 7 (2015): 647–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2014-0275.

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Abstract Poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) hydrogel is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer with high water absorbing ability. Traditionally, the production of PASP hydrogel consumes large amounts of organic solvents, i.e., dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). This traditional approach is now considered costly, complex and environmentally unfriendly due to required used solvent disposal. The present research explores two novel methods in preparing PASP hydrogel without organic solvent, by using hydrazine hydrate and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDGE) or poly(ethylene glyco

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Supriadi, Handi, Dewi Nur Rokhmah, and Saefudin Saefudin. "Teknologi Pengemasan Entres Selama Distribusi untuk Mempertahankan Daya Tumbuh Setek Kopi Robusta." Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar 3, no. 3 (2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jtidp.v3n3.2016.p135-140.

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<em>The distance between the location of cuttings nursery and scions garden of Robusta coffee is considered as the main obstacle of cuttings viability during distribution period. One alternative to solve the problem is the utilization of packaging to keep the moisture of scions and viability of Robusta coffee cuttings. This study aimed to investigate the packaging technique of scions during the distribution period to maintain the viability. The experiment was conducted in the Integrated Laboratory and Pakuwon Experimental Station, Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institu

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Abidin, Akhmad Zainal, Dwi Ananda Gunawan, Ridwan P. Putra, Darien Theodric, and Taufik Abidin. "Medicinal Plant Drying Using a Superabsorbent Polymer Dryer Incorporated with an Insulated Heater." Processes 10, no. 11 (2022): 2319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10112319.

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In this study, a superabsorbent polymer dryer (Polydryer) used to obtain dried medicinal plant materials (Simplicia) was incorporated with a heater to enhance the drying rate. In general, the Polydryer was constructed using a cabinet containing polymer hydrogel (polygel), a gas-fueled heater, and a drying cabinet. A polygel synthesized from acrylic acid and cassava starch was utilized to reduce the moisture content in the drying air prior to entering the heater. The drying performance of the Polydryer with and without heater operation was investigated. The results showed that the drying in the

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Zhong, Peihua, Jun Wang, Xiaoxian Wang, Jiaping Liu, Zhen Li, and Yichuan Zhou. "Comparison of Different Approaches for Testing Sorption by a Superabsorbent Polymer to Be Used in Cement-Based Materials." Materials 13, no. 21 (2020): 5015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13215015.

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The absorption and desorption behavior of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) can influence various properties of cementitious materials. Therefore, it is essential to know these performances of SAP prior to implementation in cement-based materials. In this paper, two types of SAP with different chemical compositions were tested in free liquid (deionized water and cement filtrate) and cement paste. Five absorption test methods were considered, including the tea-bag method, the filtration method, the centrifuge method, the suction filtration method, and the slump flow method. The results show that the

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Itsubo, Norihiro, Mitsuhiro Wada, Shigeo Imai, Akira Myoga, Naoki Makino, and Koichi Shobatake. "Life Cycle Assessment of the Closed-Loop Recycling of Used Disposable Diapers." Resources 9, no. 3 (2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources9030034.

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In Japan, approximately 23.5 billion paper diapers are produced annually (total of diapers for infants and adults produced in 2018). The majority of used paper diapers are disposed of through incineration; in certain regions, some paper diapers are recycled, mostly by open-loop recycling or thermal recycling. To date, several methods of recycling used paper diapers have been proposed and developed, but these methods are considered to have different types and amounts of recycled materials and different environmental performances. In this study, a new technology was developed for the closed-loop

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