Dissertations / Theses: 'Uses and Appropriation'

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Herteliu, Agnos Millian. "Usages et pratiques des médias sociaux numériques et appropriation de la culture numérique dans les organisations semi-fermées." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30027.

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La présente thèse de doctorat porte sur la médiatisation de la religion et l'utilisation des réseaux sociaux numériques dans la culture professionnelle du clergé ainsi que sur l'intégration de l'innovation numérique dans les organisations religieuses semi-fermées. Stout (2012) aborde la problématique des systèmes ouverts versus fermés par rapport aux médias, suggérant que le clergé et les paroissiens devraient «développer des compétences critiques pour évaluer les messages religieux partout où ils apparaissent» (Stout, 2012, p.66). Il analyse la capacité et la volonté des communautés religieuses d'établir leurs propres médias, que ce soit les médias traditionnels ou les nouveaux médias, d'une part, et le degré d'ouverture en ce qui concerne l'exposition aux médias laïques, y compris les produits et contenu de la culture pop, mettant ainsi en place le cadre de discussion pour l'utilisation des médias dans les organisations religieuses semi-fermées.En outre, cette recherche est appliquée au cas du clergé et des croyants roumains de l'Église Adventiste du Septième Jour (SDAC) et vise à souligner comment l'Internet et les nouveaux médias sont vécus par les pasteurs adventistes dans leur activité religieuse ainsi que par les croyants adventistes. la vie religieuse quotidienne. La communication des doctrines, des enseignements religieux et spirituels, sous forme écrite ou verbale, sont les activités principales des groupes pastoraux et paroissiaux. La recherche montre également une mentalité pro-technologique significative du SDAC tout au long du siècle dernier, et sa motivation - liée à la possibilité de répandre le message évangélique
The present doctoral thesis is focused on the mediatisation of religion and the use of digital social networks in the professional culture of the clergy as well as on the integration of digital innovation in semi-closed religious organizations. The problematic of open versus closed systems in relation to media is approached by Stout (2012), who suggests that clergy and parishioners ought to “develop critical skills to assess religious messages wherever they appear” (Stout, 2012, p. 66). He analyses the capacity and willingness of religious communities to establish their own media, whether it’s traditional or new media, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the degree of openness when it comes to exposure to secular media, which includes products and content of pop culture, thus setting-up the frame of discussion for the use of media in semi-closed religious organizations.Furthermore, this research is applied to the case of the Romanian Seventh-Day Adventist Church (SDAC) clergy and believers and intends to highlight how the Internet and new media are experienced by Adventist pastors in their religious activity as well as by Adventist believers in their everyday religious life. Communication of doctrines, religious and spiritual teachings, in written or verbal form are the main activities of the both pastoral and parishioners’ groups. The research also shows a significant pro-technological mentality of the SDAC throughout the last century, and its motivation – related to the opportunity to spread the evangelical message

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PRADO, Douglas Antônio Rocha. "Parque Municipal Flamboyant: apropriação e usos para lazer." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1880.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:32:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_douglas_prado_2012.pdf: 4205822 bytes, checksum: f162706d163a183ef87ca13386e203f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-05
Public parks are important places for leisure in big cities. Despite the large number of parks in Goiania, the most structured are located in central areas, which difficults the population access to this type of public facility. The Flamboyant Park is among the most structured in the city, becoming a leisure alternative for a portion of the population. To understand how the appropriation process has occurred as well as its use for leisure activities, it was necessary to perform a theoretical review about leisure, to verify how the park implementation has occurred, which are its characteristics and the various recreational uses identified during the field research. An analysis of form and content of the Park and of the profile, use and perceptions of the respondents allowed uncovering a little more about the social and political dynamics that shape and permeate the city of Goiania. Under the assumption that shape reveals contents, the landscape analysis has revealed current ideologies and contradictions in the city. The fact that the park has a superior structure compared to parks located in peripheral districts demonstrates the investment from public authorities aiming to meet the interests of property market agents. As to the ownership of this public space, the research has revealed that the regular goers, the ones who in fact appropriate the park, are the ones who live nearby, or who possess individual means of transportation capable of providing quick access to the location. Therefore, a large part of the population is excluded from this ownership, as they never go to the park or only seldom visit it. Despite this segregating character, the park contributes to a life quality improvement and increases sociability of a large part of the goianiense population, which can be observed by the several leisure practices identified in this space. The difference between programmed behavior and transgressing behavior stands out among these activities, which demonstrates the richness and complexity of meanings a space can reveal.
Os parques públicos são importantes espaços destinados ao lazer nas grandes cidades. Apesar do grande número de parques existentes em Goiânia, os mais estruturados estão localizados em bairros centrais, dificultando a apropriação da maioria da população por esse tipo de equipamento público. O Parque Flamboyant está entre os mais estruturados da cidade, passando, após sua implantação, a ser uma alternativa de lazer para parcela da população. Para compreender como se deu esse processo de apropriação e usos para lazer no parque, foi necessário fazer uma revisão teórica sobre lazer, verificar como ocorreu a implantação do parque, quais suas características e os diversos usos de lazer identificados durante a pesquisa de campo. Uma análise da forma e conteúdo do Parque e do perfil, usos e percepção dos entrevistados possibilitou desvendar um pouco mais sobre as dinâmicas sociais e político-econômicas que configuram e permeiam a cidade de Goiânia. Partindo do pressuposto de que a forma revela conteúdos, a análise da paisagem revelou ideologias e contradições presentes na cidade. O fato de o parque possuir uma estrutura superior aos parques localizados nos bairros periféricos demonstra o investimento por parte do poder público com vistas a atender os interesses dos agentes do mercado imobiliário. Quanto à apropriação deste espaço público, a pesquisa revelou que os frequentadores, os que apropriam de fato o parque, são aqueles que moram próximo, ou que possuem meios de transporte individual capazes de proporcionar rápido acesso ao local. Deste modo, grande parcela da população fica excluída desta apropriação, seja nunca indo ao parque ou apenas visitando-o esporadicamente. Apesar deste caráter segregador, o parque contribui para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e aumento da sociabilidade de parcela da população goianiense, o que pode ser notado através das diversas práticas de lazer identificadas neste espaço. Destaca-se dentre estas atividades de lazer a diferença entre os chamados comportamentos programados e os comportamentos transgressores, o que demonstra a riqueza e a complexidade de significados que um espaço pode revelar.

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Almeida, Nedir Fernandes de. "Metamorfoses dos usos do lugar: a revalorização urbana como estratégia de acumulação de capital." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-23012008-115246/.

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Esta dissertação discute como a revalorização da região central de São Paulo transforma os usos dos diversos lugares dessa região, estabelecendo conflitos entre os promotores desse processo e a apropriação desse lugar por seus usuários. Essa revalorização espacial sinaliza para o desenvolvimento da especulação imobiliária, a transformação dos espaços religiosos, o desenvolvimento do turismo e a expulsão, desse lugar, de quem não pode pagar por ele. Inserida dentro de um processo de reestruturação produtiva, essa revalorização conta com a atuação decisiva da iniciativa privada e dos poderes públicos, que concebem a cidade como uma máquina de produzir riquezas, incentivando estratégias de acumulação de capital. Por outro lado, existe quem resista a essas estratégias, transgredindo-as, demonstrando que o caráter criador da sociedade urbana aponta sempre para diversas possibilidades e uma delas é a de que o uso da cidade não esteja submetido a valores de troca do mercado.
This work analyses how the revaluation of São Paulo\'s downtown transforms the uses of this region several places, and creates conflicts between the promoters of this process and the appropriation of this place for its users. This space revaluation points out the development of real estate speculation, the transformation of the religious spaces, the development of tourism and the expulsion, from this place, of people who cannot afford to pay for it. Being part of a process of productive reorganization, this revaluation depends on the decisive performance of the private enterprises and of the government, which conceive the city as a machine for producing wealth through strategies of capital accumulation. On the other hand, there are individuals who resist these strategies by breaking them, what demonstrates that the creative character of urban society always points out several possibilities, and one of them is that the use of the city is not submitted to the values of market exchange.

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Cechella, Tissiana Nogueira Pereira. "DA FELICIDADE À ALEGRIA: OS USOS E AS APROPRIAÇÕES DO TELEJORNAL JORNAL NACIONAL POR FAMÍLIAS DE CLASSE POPULAR." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6365.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This is a study of news reception carried out with three popular class families, which live in the Renascença Village, located at the West region of Santa Maria, in Rio Grande do Sul. The purpose of this research is to reflect about the uses and appropriations that these families do about the Jornal Nacional of Rede Globo de Televisão based on the communicative mediations of culture: sociability and rituality. For this, the theoretical axis of the research is Latin American Cultural Studies, mainly the Mediations Theory of Martín-Barbero (1987) and the social class concept of Pierre Boudieu (2006). The methodology of this study is a critical ethnography of reception, which was proposed by Ronsini (2010, p. 2). The results show that the uses and appropriations of news by the families are essentially determined by the social class which they belong as well as by their cultural, economic and social capitals. Furthermore, it is permeate by questions related with generation, because the news is important for the adults, which watch and appropriating of the messages daily, unlike the young that watch the news with low frequency and are interested in few reports of the news. The uses and appropriations also are related to gender, because, many times, is different for the men and women, beyond the domestic space and temporal configuration, which is mobilized in full during the television program exhibition. The mediations sociability and rituality are fundamental for the comprehension of the uses and appropriations of news because focus significantly on their configuration. The three investigated families elaborate their popular class representations based on their experience and their everyday, but also based on news, although they affirm that are not totally represented by the television program. The cultural capital of the three families is elaborated, primarily, by the media, mostly based on television (news and soap opera).
Esta dissertação é um estudo de recepção de telejornalismo realizado com três famílias de classe popular residentes na região Oeste de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul. O objetivo principal é compreender os usos e as apropriações que essas famílias fazem do Jornal Nacional da Rede Globo de Televisão com base nas mediações comunicativas da cultura: sociabilidade e ritualidade. Para isso, a pesquisa é fundamentada nos Estudos Culturais latino-americanos, principalmente na Teoria das Mediações de Martín-Barbero (1987) e no conceito de classe social de Pierre Bourdieu (2006). A metodologia utilizada é a etnografia crítica da recepção (RONSINI, 2010). Os resultados demonstram que os usos e as apropriações do telejornal pelas famílias são essencialmente determinados pela classe social à qual pertencem, bem como pelos seus capitais cultural, econômico e social. Além disso, estes usos e apropriações são perpassados por questões relacionadas à geração, pois o telejornal tem fundamental importância para os adultos, que assistem e se apropriam das mensagens do telejornal diariamente, diferentemente dos jovens, que o assistem com menor frequência e se interessam por poucas reportagens. Os usos e apropriações também estão relacionados ao gênero, já que a assistência e o uso do telejornal, inúmeras vezes, é diferente para os homens e as mulheres investigados, além da configuração espacial e temporal do espaço doméstico, que é mobilizado por inteiro durante a exibição do programa televisivo. As mediações sociabilidade e ritualidade são fundamentais para a compreensão dos usos e apropriações do telejornal, pois incidem significativamente na configuração destes. As três famílias investigadas elaboram suas representações de classe popular a partir da sua experiência e seu cotidiano, mas também a partir do Jornal Nacional, mesmo que afirmem não se sentirem totalmente representados pelo programa de notícias. O capital cultural das três famílias é elaborado, majoritariamente, a partir da mídia, principalmente com base na televisão (telejornais e telenovelas).

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Verano, Paulo Nascimento. "Por uma política cultural que dialogue com a cidade: o caso do encontro entre o MASP e o graffiti (2008-2011)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27151/tde-10022014-095731/.

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Em 2008 o Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP) recusou uma exposição da dupla de grafiteiros OsGemeos. Em 2011, organizou sua segunda mostra de graffiti em três anos. No mesmo ano, a Secretaria da Cultura do Governo do Estado de São Paulo criou na capital o Museu Aberto de Arte Urbana (MAAU). Em 2008, a Prefeitura de São Paulo apagara um mural de grandes proporções dos mesmos OsGemeos. Pretende-se compreender por que, no final da primeira década do século XXI, a política cultural formulada pelo MASP escolheu o graffiti como uma manifestação urbana a ser ali exibida, traçando-se um paralelo com opção similar feita pela Secretaria da Cultura em relação ao graffiti no espaço público. Está nessas ações uma tentativa de estabelecer novos modos de relacionamento com a cidade e, de algum modo, participar de sua reconfiguração? A ação permitiria estabelecer-se algum paralelo com as origens do museu concebido por Lina Bo Bardi, que nas suas primeiras décadas de criação travava forte diálogo crítico com a cidade? Considera-se a intensificação do diálogo entre os equipamentos culturais e o espaço público -- e com as manifestações artísticas e culturais no espaço público -- como potente para religar os laços entre os cidadãos e os equipamentos culturais da cidade, ao mesmo tempo em que se considera que uma maior intensificação no relacionamento entre pessoas, arte e cultura, equipamentos culturais e cidade contribui para uma ampliação dos usos da cidade e do relacionamento de seus moradores com o simbólico, entendendo-se que pelo diálogo passam obrigatoriamente as ideias de dissenso (RANCIÈRE, 2012), negociação e conflito (CANCLINI, 2004).
In 2008 the São Paulo Museum of Art -- MASP (\"Museu de Arte de São Paulo\") rejected an exhibition by the graffiti artists OsGemeos. In 2011 it organized its second exhibit of graffiti in three years. In the same year the Culture Department of the Government of the State of São Paulo created the Open Museum of Urban Art -- MAAU (\"Museu Aberto de Arte Urbana\") in the City of São Paulo. In 2008 the Municipality of São Paulo had erased a very large mural by the same OsGemeos. The purpose of this work is the examine why, at the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the cultural policy established by MASP chose graffiti as one of the urban exhibits to be displayed there, compared with a similar choice made by the Department of Culture in relation to graffiti in urban spaces. Are those actions an attempt to establish new relationships with the city and somehow to participate in its reconfiguration? Would such actions establish a parallel with the origins of the museum as conceived by Lina Bo Bardi which, in the first decades of the museum\'s existence used to engage in a powerful critical dialogue with the city? The development of the dialogue between cultural facilities and public spaces -- and with the exhibits of art and culture in public spaces -- is strong enough to restore the bonds between citizens and the cultural facilities of the city. A greater intensification of the relationship among persons, art and culture, cultural facilities and the city contributes to expand the uses of the city and the relationship of its inhabitants with symbolic representations. The dialogue is necessarily crossed by the ideas of dissension (RANCIÈRE, 2012), negotiation and conflict (CANCLINI, 2004).

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Clinch, Sarah. "Supporting user appropriation of public displays." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/70431/.

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Despite their prevalence, public engagement with pervasive public displays is typically very low. One method for increasing the relevance of displayed content (and therefore hopefully improving engagement) is to allow the viewer themselves to affect the content shown on displays they encounter – for example, personalising an existing news feed or invoking a specific application on a display of their choosing. We describe this process as viewer appropriation of public displays. This thesis aims to provide the foundations for appropriation support in future ‘open’ pervasive display networks. Our architecture combines three components: Yarely, a scheduler and media player; Tacita, a system for allowing users to make privacy-preserving appropriation requests, and Mercury, an application store for distributing content. Interface points between components support integration with thirdparty systems; a prime example is the provision of Content Descriptor Sets (CDSs) to describe the media items and constraints that determine what is played at each display. Our evaluation of the architecture is both quantitive and qualitative and includes a mixture of user studies, surveys, focus groups, performance measurements and reflections. Overall we show that it is feasible to construct a robust open pervasive display network that supports viewer appropriation. In particular, we show that Yarely’s thick-client approach enables the development of a signage system that provides continuous operation even in periods of network disconnection yet is able to respond to viewer appropriation requests. Furthermore, we show that CDSs can be used as an effective means of information exchange in an open architecture. Performance measures indicate that demanding personalisation scenarios can be satisfied, and our qualitative work indicates that both display owners and viewers are positive about the introduction of appropriation into future pervasive display systems.

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Heger, Katrina. "Hope for Appropriation." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/497.

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This thesis presents the shortcomings of the Fair Use exemption within the Copyright Act through an in depth analysis of the recent Shepard Fairey v. Associated Press surrounding the well-regarded Hope Poster. The thesis critiques the unpredictability of the law, the copyright holder’s growing sense of monopolized ownership over her or his work, the complex facets of art that are overlooked in the court’s legal analysis, and finally, the social justice implications of the Copyright Act. The thesis argues that Fair Use should make room for appropriation art, otherwise successful and progressive artists, such as Shepard Fairey, will be discouraged from creating.

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Vanhée, Olivier. "L'appropriation du manga en France : enquête sur la genèse d’un univers culturel spécifique, la constitution et l’expression des goûts et manières de lire, les parcours de lecteurs et lectrices adultes." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2074.

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Ce travail de thèse porte sur le goût pour le manga et les pratiques de lecture de mangas en France sur une période qui s’étend des années 1970 aux années 2010. Fondé sur l’analyse d’entretiens approfondis réalisés auprès de 80 lecteurs et lectrices adultes (nés entre 1957 et 1990) et d’un corpus de documents imprimés, numériques et audiovisuels, il étudie de manière conjuguée l’émergence d’une catégorie d’imprimés et de contenu numérique (« le manga »), la mise en place d’un univers culturel spécifique autour des bandes dessinées japonaises (festivals, boutiques, fanzines, magazines, blogs, etc), la construction, l’expression et la transformation des goûts et des manières de lire. Cette approche sociohistorique et processuelle distingue plusieurs configurations de « l’offre » et met au jour les sollicitations en jeu dans la fabrique du goût pour le manga, en particulier les réseaux de sociabilité, les dispositifs de communication et les agencements de pratiques numériques et festivalières qui étayent ce type d’intérêt culturel. En raison de l’ancrage des mangas dans des constellations de biens symboliques, de médias et de produits dérivés (notamment l’animation et le jeu vidéo), l’enquête s’attache à restituer les formes historiques et les usages contrastés de ce « media mix » japonais, les sollicitations lectorales qui en procèdent, sans négliger les produits incorporés de la socialisation culturelle (familiale et scolaire, amicale et conjugale), les agendas de loisir des enquêtés, leur horizon d’attente en matière de culture visuelle et de fiction sérialisée. Elle prend en compte les transformations des supports de lecture, des réseaux de distribution des mangas et de l’offre éditoriale, des frontières symboliques et morales qui délimitent et traversent cet univers, et des formes de recommandation, de critique et de promotion (issues du secteur professionnel de l’édition, de la presse spécialisée et de la critique culturelle ou de l’expression d’amateurs). Les parcours de lecture, plus ou moins durables et intenses, sont resitués à la fois dans un paysage éditorial, médiatique et numérique en pleine transformation, et dans des trajectoires biographiques qui vont de l’enfance à la vie active. Ils attestent d’articulations variables entre vie professionnelle, vie familiale, loisirs et goûts culturels, et du poids des déterminations matérielles et biographiques d’une pratique culturelle.La constitution de la population interrogée, visant à représenter à parts égales les classes et fractions de classe, permet d’étudier la différenciation des préférences et des habitudes de lecture selon les propriétés sociales et les dispositions culturelles des enquêtés, et de tenir compte des lecteurs et lectrices issus (ou membres) des classes populaires ou vivant dans une situation précaire, souvent négligés dans les études sur les fans. L’enquête montre que les goûts et manières de lire dépendent aussi du degré et des modalités d’insertion dans les sociabilités spécialisées et les pratiques amateur propres à l’univers culturel du manga. Les lecteurs et lectrices façonnent en effet des catégories de perception, interviennent pour sélectionner, traduire, diffuser et recommander des mangas, et s’investissent dans des faisceaux de pratiques amateur (ou des activités professionnelles autour du manga). Ils donnent ainsi à voir les traces de leur appropriation des mangas (sous forme de fanfiction, de dessin, de billet de blogs, etc…) et de leurs luttes symboliques ordinaires, tout en forgeant des incitations à lire. Cette thèse met ainsi en lumière la constitution et la différenciation des portefeuilles de goût en matière de manga, la combinaison et la variation des manières de lire, ancrées dans des expériences vécues ou des savoirs spécialisés
This PhD thesis in sociology deals with the taste for « manga » (japanese comic books) and manga reading practices in France from the 1970s to the 2010s. Through documents analysis and in-depth interviews with 80 adult readers (born between the 1950s and the 1980s), it aims to shed light on the emergence of manga as a category of printed materials and digitised content, on the expansion of a specific cultural universe around this kind of symbolic goods (festivals, shops,magazines, blogs, etc), and on the constitution, expression and transformation of the interviewees’ reading tastes and habits. A sociohistorical approach distinguishes between different periods and patterns of manga « supply » in France and stresses the solicitations encountered by manga readers in a variety of historical and biographical contexts. Thesesolicitations give form to their reading expectations and include in particular their sociability networks, communication devices, and their uses of a bundle of festivals, gatherings and digital resources. This work takes more broadly into account the historical forms and the various uses of the japanese « media mix » in France (i. e. the links between manga, TV animation series, videogames and various by-products). The appropriations of these sets of solicitations depend onthe cultural tastes and media literacies the interviewees have incorporated through long-time socialisation processes involving their family members, friends and interpersonal ties. Manga reading practices also vary along with historical transformations affecting their material aspects and publishing formats, their distribution networks, the volume and diversity of manga titles, the symbolic and moral frontiers delineating and arranging this area of symbolic production, the types of reviewing and promotional activities performed by publishers, journalists or amateurs. The interviewees’ reading careers vary in intensity, continuity and duration, and are embedded in their biographical trajectories, work-life balances and material living situations.The readers interviewed come in equal parts from upper, middle and popular classes, which allows to investigate the social differences in manga reading preferences and habits, and to draw attention to readers experiencing precarious situations (often neglected within fan studies). The dissertation shows that the cultural habits at stake in reading manga depend on thedegree and modality of integration within the specialized social networks and amateur cultural activities of diverse « manga fandoms ». The readers make up categories of perception, they select, translate and distribute manga versions, and participate in various amateur and fan practices. Thus, they display traces of their appropriations of manga titles (through a fanfiction, a drawing or a blog post) and of their ordinary symbolic struggles regarding manga, while shaping reading solicitations within their peer groups. This thesis studies the constitution and differenciation of their portfolios of manga tastes, the combination and variation of their reading habits, ranging from a variety of participative readings (connecting the manga with their life experiences) to analytical ones (connecting the manga with various bodies or pieces of (knowledge)

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Nyman, Metcalf Katrin. "Activities in space - appropriation or use? /." Uppsala : Iustus Förl, 1999. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/329933493.pdf.

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TARDELLI, GABRIEL CALIL MAIA. "FISHERMAN S PLACE: USES, APPROPRIATIONS AND CONFLICT AROUND A FISHING SHED AT PIRATININGA BEACH - NITERÓI (RJ)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30531@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O foco desta dissertação recai sobre os múltiplos usos e apropriações de um espaço - o barracão de pesca - através de uma situação específica: o conflito envolvendo pescadores que exercem diferentes artes de pesca e barraqueiros, na Praia de Piratininga, em Niterói (RJ). Primeiramente, a partir do trabalho de campo, descrevo a localidade e os atores envolvidos, assim como as disputas que ocorrem na praia, sobretudo com a aproximação do verão. Em um segundo momento, tento responder, com o auxílio de conceitos e teorias, as questões suscitadas pela pesquisa empírica, que dizem respeito à noção de espaço público no Brasil, as representações sobre a praia, os interesses em jogo e os sentidos atribuídos a esse lugar. Finalizo com uma análise interpretativa do conflito que permeia a estrutura política do grupo e dos mecanismos utilizados para administrá-lo.
The focus of this master thesis lies on the multiple uses and appropriations regarding a space - the fishing shed - through a specific situation: the conflict involving fishermen who practice different fishing gear and barraqueiros, in Piratininga Beach, Niterói, RJ. Firstly, from the fieldwork, I describe the locality and the actors involved, as well as the disputes that occur on the beach, especially as summer approaches. Posteriorly, I try to answer, through concepts and theories, the questions raised by empirical research, regarding the notion of public space in Brazil, the representations about the beach, the interests at stake and the meanings attributed to that place. Finally, I conclude with an interpretive analysis of the conflict that is present in the political structure of the group and the mechanisms used to manage it.

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Guy, Elizabeth S. "From rollout to appropriation : changing practices of development and use during a groupware project." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436802.

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This thesis is a contribution to the corpus of workplace studies in the research field of computer-supported cooperative work. It reports on an in-house project to develop customisable groupware (software applications to support collaborative work) and to promote its use at 'GreenFam', an international, non-governmental organisation. This work was observed through a five year program of field research in order to study the methods used by developers in real-world groupware projects. The author initially took the role of participant observer on the project team as LOTUS NOTESTM was introduced to GreenFam's London centre. In the latter stages of research, an evaluation was carried out to report on the use of tools to support collaborative campaign work worldwide and to formulate guidelines for future developments. The field study is presented as three case histories, which track the course of the project. Case 1 looks at the rollout of a new email system, replacing THE COORDINATOR® software. The rollout is described as a competent practice of the IT developers that had evolved to implement customisable software organisation-wide. Case 2 looks at the first phase of the development of collaborative tools to support teams. It explores the difficulties experienced by the developers in realising GreenFam's vision of a more collaborative form of work and the limitations of their current practice. Case 3 describes the in situ evaluation, its methodology and the extent to which groupware tools and practices had evolved through use. Activity theory is employed as a critical method for the analysis of the case histories, focussing on change and the barriers to change in both the practices of developers and the appropriation of tools by users. The study found that during the course of the project the role of developer shifted from the specialised IT staff to 'facilitators', individuals who began to take responsibility for the ongoing development of collaborative tools to support their evolving use. It found a lack of appropriate design tools to support the development of collaborative systems, taking account of these changes in roles and the demands of the work. Further research is proposed, grounded in the study of the emergent roles of developers and the tools that are needed to support their work. A pattern language for modelling the design of common information spaces at GreenFam is described, as an example of the type of method that might be appropriate, and which could be used as an experimental tool in a program of further research. Keywords: activity theory, common information spaces, computer-supported cooperative work, evaluation, groupware, in-house development, pattern language, workplace study.

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Alavesa, P. (Paula). "Playful appropriations of hybrid space:combining virtual and physical environments in urban pervasive games." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526221380.

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Abstract Modern urban space, technological infrastructure, and sociability combine into a hybrid space that is the arena for urban pervasive games. Over the past two decades the changes in this game arena have been stealthy although substantial. Technological developments have helped to achieve true mobility of gaming devices, increased precision in localization, improved connectivity, and reduced orchestration required per player. Current pervasive location-based games can be played anytime anywhere. Subsequently, doors have been opened for a growing number of commercial games. These changes demand a new conceptualization of the urban game arena. This thesis focuses on playful appropriations of hybrid space. Hybrid space is urban space that entails ubiquitous technologies. Therefore, playful appropriations of hybrid space are always, to some extent, digital as well as urban. Prior research has identified two metaphors for urban pervasive games —true mobility and true sociability. This thesis proposes an additional metaphor, called synchronicity, for binding together different realities in pervasive games. They can be anything from mirror world like realistic virtual environments, such as 3D virtual representations of a city, to abstract realities, such as the backstory of the game, or the space identity of a certain location. While location awareness is an important binding factor between the virtual and physical worlds in pervasive gameplay, synchronizable elements can be anything from encouraged collocated gameplay to semantic similarities between the combined realities. This thesis is based on five game constructs that have been specifically designed and implemented as pervasive research games. Research data has been collected and analyzed with a mixed methods approach from field trials conducted in the wild. Constructive research is complemented with a literature review that maps the characteristics of current location-based mobile games and the game space. The main contribution of this thesis is the identification of the digital, abstract, and physical layers of reality in digital urban pervasive games. The second contribution is the identification and categorization of the synchronizable elements that bind these realities together. This thesis offers initial insights into translating this knowledge into the design of future pervasive games
Tiivistelmä Urbaanitila on jatkuvassa muutoksessa, sillä se muotoutuu ja järjestyy uudelleen siellä kulkevien kaupunkilaisten kautta. Ubiikin teknologian, ihmisten kanssakäymisen ja modernin tilakäsityksen yhteisvaikutuksesta syntyy niin sanottu hybriditila, joka muodostaa peliareenan monille pervasiivisille peleille. Viime vuosikymmeninä tällä peliareenalla on tapahtunut vaivihkaisia mutta perustavaa laatua olevia muutoksia. Pelilaitteista on tullut aidosti mobiileja, ja ne kulkevat kaikkialla pelaajien mukana. Pelijärjestely vaatii vähemmän vaivaa pelaajaa kohden, paikannuksen tarkkuus on parantunut ja muutosten kautta myös kaupallisia pelejä on enemmän saatavilla. Nykyisiä pervasiivisia sijaintipohjaisia pelejä voi pelata milloin vain ja missä vain. Edellä mainittu kehitys edellyttää pervasiivisten pelien ja pelitilan uudelleen konseptualisointia. Väitöstyön aihe ei ole pelillisyys sellaisenaan, vaan “pelillisyys ja sen hyödyntäminen hybriditilassa”. Hybriditila on aina urbaani ja sisältää ubiikkia teknologiaa, minkä vuoksi pelit tässä tilassa ovat lähes poikkeuksetta myös digitaalisia. Aiempi tutkimus esittää, että saavutetut kehitysaskeleet voi niputtaa kahden metaforan alle. Nämä metaforat ovat: aito mobiilius sekä aito sosiaalisuus. Tämä väitöskirja esittää kolmannen, vielä määrittelemättömän tai saavuttamattoman metaforan näiden jatkoksi: synkronisuus. Synkronisoitavat piirteet tai elementit sitovat todellisuuksia yhteen pervasiivisessa pelitilassa. Tilassa olevat todellisuudet voivat olla realistisia pelimaailman kaltaisia virtuaalitiloja tai abstrakteja todellisuuksia, kuten pelitarinan muodostama todellisuus tai jonkin tietyn paikan tilaidentiteetti. Vaikka sijaintipohjaisuus on tärkeä todellisuuksia yhdistävä piirre, synkronisoitavat elementit voivat olla muutakin kuin sijaintikoordinaatteja. Pervasiiviset pelit nivoutuvat pelaajiensa päivittäiseen elämään, mikä tekee pelin kontekstista erottamattoman osan peliä. Tämä ominaisuus oikeuttaa ”in the wild” -menetelmien käytön tutkimuksessa, mikä tarkoittaa, että pelaamista ja pelejä tarkkaillaan luonnossa todellisessa ympäristössään. Tässä väitöstyössä käytetään konstruktioina varta vasten tätä tutkimusta ajatellen suunniteltuja ja toteutettuja pervasiivisia tutkimuspelejeä. Konstruktiivista tutkimusta tukee lisäksi teoreettinen tutkimusosio, joka koostuu kirjallisuuskatsaukseen pohjautuvasta nykyisten sijaintipohjaisten pelien ja pelitilan kategorisoinnista. Pervasiiviset pelit nivoutuvat pelaajiensa päivittäiseen elämään, mikä tekee pelin kontekstista erottamattoman osan peliä. Tämä ominaisuus oikeuttaa ”in the wild” -menetelmien käytön tutkimuksessa, mikä tarkoittaa, että pelaamista ja pelejä tarkkaillaan luonnossa todellisessa ympäristössään. Tässä väitöstyössä käytetään konstruktioina varta vasten tätä tutkimusta ajatellen suunniteltuja ja toteutettuja pervasiivisia tutkimuspelejeä. Konstruktiivista tutkimusta tukee lisäksi teoreettinen tutkimusosio, joka koostuu kirjallisuuskatsaukseen pohjautuvasta nykyisten sijaintipohjaisten pelien ja pelitilan kategorisoinnista

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Strazicich, John. "Joel's use of Scripture and the Scripture's use of Joel : appropriation and resignification in Second Temple judaism and early christianity /." Leiden : Brill, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40178110m.

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Zhong, Zeling. "Comprendre l’appropriation des objets connectés grand public : une approche de modélisation à composants hiérarchiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLE017.

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Selon Hoffman & Novak (2018), les objets connectés grand public qui ouvrent la voie à de nouvelles expériences d'usage, ont le potentiel de révolutionner la vie des consommateurs dans les années à venir. Le principal enjeu des objets connectés réside dans le fait d'intégrer leur usage dans les pratiques quotidiennes des consommateurs en produisant activement des données d'usage sur le long terme, à savoir l'appropriation. Cette recherche a validé le modèle explicatif de l'appropriation de l'objet connecté grand public au travers des besoins psychologiques des consommateurs français à l'égard de leurs objets connectés possédés. Nos résultats montrent que l'appropriation de l'objet connecté est fortement corrélée au besoin d'identité de soi, le besoin d'avoir un territoire ainsi que le besoin d'efficace et d'effectance. Et l'appropriation de l'objet connecté peut avoir un impact positif sur la perception de la valeur globale de l'objet connecté par les consommateurs, les comportements extra-rôle des consommateurs, ainsi que la satisfaction de leur vie quotidienne. Par ailleurs, le rôle médiateur des comportements extra rôle dans la relation entre l'appropriation et la valeur perçue nous permet d'affiner la compréhension des mécanismes de cocréation de valeur du point de vue du consommateur. Il nous enseigne de manière complémentaire comment l'appropriation de l'objet connecté contribue à la création de valeur par les consommateurs
According to Hoffman & Novak (2018), the smart connected object is presenting new opportunities for usage experience that have the potential to revolutionize consumers' lives. The main challenge for smart connected objects is to integrate their use into the daily practices of consumers by actively producing usage data in the long-term, namely appropriation. This research has validated the explanatory model of consumer smart connected object appropriation through the psychological needs of French consumers regarding their smart connected objects. Our results show that the smart connected object appropriation is strongly correlated with the need for self-identity, the need for having a place, the need for efficacy and effectance. And the smart connected object appropriation has a positive impact on perceived value of smart connected objects by consumers, their extra-role behaviors, as well as satisfaction of their daily life. Moreover, the mediating role of extra-role behaviors in the relationship between appropriation and perceived value allows us to understand in a complementary way the value cocreation mechanisms from the viewpoint of consumers, concerning how the smart connected object appropriation contributes to value creation by consumers

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Dey, B. L. "The acceptance, use and appropriation of mobile telephony in the lives of Bangladeshi farmers : a qualitative enquiry." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557403.

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This thesis investigates howlCTs such as mobile telephony can be used and appropriated to meet the information needs of Bangladeshi farmers. Bangladesh like many other developing countries has recently experienced an unprecedented boom in the uptake of mobile telephony. Mobile telephones are not only used by 'urban elites, they are also in the hands of underprivileged communities including the likes of rural farmers. It is argued that the use of ICTs can provide disadvantaged communities with an access to information and thereby enable them to enhance their quality of life through increased productivity. However, existing research holds limited evidence of why and how these communities use ICTs, what kind of problems they encounter and how they integrate the same in their daily lives. The current study addresses these issues. Two remote regions in Bangladesh were selected for the fieldwork. Ethnographic observations along with focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were used to collect data. The findings revealed that a lack of information of prices and availability of fertilisers and a lack of knowledge on pest and plant diseases are major concerns for the farmers. The local telecentres hardly offered any solution to these problems. However, the farmers found it beneficial to use mobile telephony despite some difficulties. The social, occupational and psychological benefits from mobile telephony motivated them to use and appropriate it through inventive means and adaptation. The findings also suggest that the acceptance, use and appropriation of a technology need to be investigated with a holistic approach. This thesis adds to the argument for a bottom up approach to leT intervention in development activities. For mobile telephone manufacturers and network providers the findings showcase the future business prospects lying in the bottom of the economic pyramid and suggest for context relevant and tailor made product/service development to cater the needs of this huge market segment.

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Harfouche, Amel. "Les femmes et l'espace public en Algérie : appropriations et sociabilités publiques à Sétif." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100005.

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En Algérie, les différences entre les usages féminins et masculins des espaces publics sont habituellement considérées comme relevant de la domination spatiale et symbolique qu’exercent les hommes sur les femmes. Si les rapports de pouvoir et les conflits qu’ils sous-tendent restent utiles pour comprendre le caractère sexué de l'espace urbain algérien, ils ne permettent pas de rendre entièrement compte des transformations sociales induites par la présence grandissante des femmes hors des espaces domestiques où elles étaient traditionnellement confinées. Dans un pays traversé par des tensions politiques et sociales, cette recherche s’intéresse à l’expérience que font les femmes de l’espace du dehors et des nouvelles manières d’être et d’agir qui la caractérisent. C’est à travers une approche ethnographique des usages ordinaires de trois espaces publics de la ville de Sétif que nous avons choisi, en tant qu’architecte, d’analyser la façon dont l'espace se prête à la production de nouveaux modes de sociabilité et, plus largement, le rôle qu’il joue dans la transformation des rapports de genre
In Algeria, the differences between male and female uses of public spaces are mostly presented as the result of the spatial and symbolic domination of men over women. Although power relations and the conflicts they underlie remain useful for understanding the gendered character of the Algerian urban space, they don’t fully reflect the social transformations brought about by the growing presence of women outside domestic spaces where they were traditionally confined. In a country with political and social tensions, this research focuses on women’s experience of outer space and the new ways of being and acting that characterize it. It is through an ethnographic approach of the ordinary uses of three public spaces of the city of Sétif that we have chosen, as an architect, to examine the way space participates in the production of new modes of sociability and more broadly, the role it plays in the transformation of gender relations

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Kim, Duck-Hyun. "The homiletical appropriation of biblical passages in the light of speech act theory : preaching as a performance of the biblical text." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96016.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research has suggested an alternative homiletical appropriation of biblical passages by utilizing the Speech Act Theory (SAT). In the light of SAT, the preached text is not to be viewed simply as the basis of timeless principles, meanings, and ideas from Scripture or as emphasizing a human experience in the modern world that serves as a re-narration of the text. Rather, the performance of the movement from text to sermon in SAT has to be considered as the performative action of the text itself. The essence of interpretation in preaching is therefore to recognize the biblical illocutionary forces (BIF) in Scripture in order to perform the perlocutionary homiletical response (PHR) in the preached text. This forms the centre of the use of preaching as a performance of the biblical text in a broken world. The study shows that the SAT is in accordance with the Reformed Confessions in their emphasis on the living Triune God, still speaking through the Scripture in the present. The Trinitarian archetype of the SAT stance is that the communicative agent is God (locution level); the communicative action is by the Son (illocution level); and the communicative result is from the Holy Spirit (perlocutionary level).According to this determinative view, the Holy Spirit is the enabler of a revealed and continuous biblical illocutionary force in the text being available on the perlocutionary level in the preached text. The Holy Spirit has continually enabled the Christian community to understand and enact the Scripture in the context of theological discernment and its practical responsibility in the modern world. The movement from text to sermon in the SAT therefore not only relates to the treble movement of the grammatical and literary structure within the text, the movement of a creative hermeneutic, the movement of the performed interpretation of the community, or a combination of all three. The three movements have to merge together in the movement of the text to the sermon, and then to the worship service, before it gets to the congregation, in the movement towards a meeting with Godin modern worlds. The homiletical triad of identity, teleology and responsibility will offer practical guidelines for promoting human dignity and generating theologically responsibility in the broken world. That is to say, the homiletical appropriation of biblical passages generate in the SAT an unexpected ethical reality through the totality of the triune God’s authoritative speech act in which the Holy Spirit gives the energy to accomplish the alternative reality.
AFRIKKANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing stel 'n alternatiewe homiletiese aanwending van Bybelse gedeeltes voor deur gebruik te maak van die taalhandelingsteorie (SAT). In die lig van SAT, word die verkondigde teks (preek) nie bloot as die basis van tydlose beginsels, betekenis en idees uit die Skrif beskou, of as die klem op menslike ervaring van die moderne wêreld wat dien as 'n hervertelling van die teks, benader nie. Die uitvoer van die beweging van teks na preek in SAT word eerder verstaan as die performatiewe aksie van die teks self. Die essensie van interpretasie in prediking is dus die Bybelse illokusionêre kragte (BIF) in die Skrif wat die perlokutionêre homiletiese reaksie (PHR) in die verkondigde teks tot uitvoering bring. Dit vorm die middelpunt van die gebruik van die prediking as 'n uitvoering van die Bybelse teks in 'n gebroke wêreld. Die studie dui aan dat SAT in ooreenstemming is met die Gereformeerde Belydenisse in hul klem op die lewende Drie-enige God, wat steeds in die teenswoordige tyd praat deur die Skrif. Die Trinitariese argetipe van die SAT standpunt is dat die kommunikasie-agent God is (spreekwyse vlak); die kommunikatiewe aksie deur die Seun is (illokusie vlak); en die kommunikatiewe uiteinde deur die Heilige Gees bewerk word (perlokutionêre vlak). Volgens hierdie perspektief, is die Heilige Gees die bemagtiger van 'n geopenbaarde en deurlopende Bybelse illokusionêre krag in die teks, wat op die perlokusionêre vlak beskikbaar is, in die verkondigde teks. Die Heilige Gees stel voortdurend die Christelike gemeenskap in staat om die Skrif te verstaan en te implementeer in die konteks van teologiese onderskeiding en praktiese verantwoordelikheid, ook in die moderne wêreld. Die beweging van die teks tot preek in SAT hou dus nie slegs verband met die drievoudige beweging van die grammatikale en literêre struktuur binnedie teks, die beweging van 'n kreatiewe hermeneutiek en die beweging van die uitgevoerde interpretasie van die gemeenskap, of 'n kombinasie van al drie nie. Die drie bewegings moet saamsmelt in die beweging van die teks na die preek, en dan na die erediens, voordat dit die gemeente bereik, in die beweging na 'n ontmoeting met God in die moderne wêreld. Die homiletiese drietal van identiteit, teleologie en verantwoordelikheid bied praktiese riglyne vir die bevordering van menswaardigheid en die generering van teologiese verantwoordelikheid in die gebroke wêreld. Die homiletiese aanwending van Bybelse gedeeltes genereer in SAT 'n etiese werklikheid deur die totaliteit van die Drie-enige God se gesaghebbende gespreksdaad, waarin die Heilige Gees die energie gee om die alternatiewe werklikheid te bereik, honoreer word.

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Baker, Gregory Douglas Ansell. "User creativity in the appropriation of information and communication technologies :$ba cognitivist-ecological explanation from a critical realist perspective." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accounting and Information Systems, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9742.

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A fundamental process in many important research foci in information systems is the appropriation of IT artifacts in creative ways by users. The objective of this thesis is to develop a theoretical explanation of that process. An embedded multiple-case study of incidents in which users, in a variety of field settings, developed creative ways to apply IT artifacts, was conducted. Employing theoretical lenses drawn from cognitive science (dual-process theory, distributed cognition), and Markus and Silver’s (2008) variant of adaptive structuration theory, a novel theoretical framework was developed to analyze the data. This framework – Affordance Field Theory – was used to abstract away the context-specific details of each case, so that the events in each could be compared and analyzed using a common conceptual vocabulary. Applying critical realist assumptions, the initial retroductive analysis was done with narrative networks, then the cases were re-analyzed using framework matrices. The complementary logical forms (processual and thematic, respectively) of the analytic tools helped to provide empirical corroboration of the findings. A set of cognitive mechanisms was identified that describe the information-processing operations involved in creative user appropriation. Using assumptions from distributed cognition, it was demonstrated that these mechanisms can describe those operations at the individual and collective levels. An integrative model which shows how the mechanisms explain user creativity at the individual level was then developed. It is called the Information Cycle Model of creativity. This thesis makes several contributions to knowledge. It develops a theoretical framework for analyzing interactions between users and systems that is designed to represent the cycles of ideation and enactment through which creative appropriation moves are developed. It also presents a model of the cognitive mechanisms involved in the discovery of novel appropriation moves. The thesis also contributes to current debates within IS about representational metaphors for user interaction with IT.

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Berkowitz, Ellie Patricia. "Innovation through appropriation as an alternative to separatism : the use of commercial imagery by Chicano artists, 1960-1990 /." Thesis, Connect to online resource, 2006. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/etd/d/2006/berkowitze41540/berkowitze41540.pdf#page=3.

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Mees, Kate Anna. "Landscapes of burial in early medieval Wessex : the funerary appropriation of the antecedent landscape, c. AD 450-850." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15392.

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The phenomenon of the reuse of prehistoric monuments—notably Bronze Age barrows—for early medieval burial has long been recognised as remarkably prevalent in the archaeological record. This systematic study of the landscape context of ‘Early-Middle Saxon’ burial in Wessex assumes a broader outlook, and considers all aspects of the antecedent landscape which may have influenced the siting of funerary locales. Engaging primarily with archaeological evidence, complemented by documentary and place-name sources, it examines the influence of topography, land-use, territorial organisation, and perceptions of ancient features on the location of burial sites, and the role played by burial in the formation of group identities. Moreover, it investigates the emergence and evolution of the practice of monument appropriation, and its exploitation and adaptation by an increasingly defined elite class. The selection of three case study counties—Wiltshire, Hampshire and Dorset—within a discrete area of southern England which, by the latter part of the period of study, had been incorporated into the kingdom of Wessex, allows the evidence to be examined at local and sub-regional levels, and facilitates supra-regional comparisons. The burial record is scrutinised and analysed with the aid of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) in order to construct a detailed picture of the influence of topography and other aspects of the natural and man-made environment on burial location. It also reveals the significant impact that antiquarian and modern archaeological investigation patterns have had on the distribution and nature of the burial record.

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Géraldine, Frigière Julia Nicole. "Compétence plurilingue et interculturelle : détection, quantification et analyse de son incidence chez des étudiants de mobilité sur leur appropriation en immersion d’une nouvelle langue, le catalan." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/455136.

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Esta tesis pretende hacer una evaluación de las competencias comunicativas adquiridas en una lengua extranjera desconocida por parte de sujetos en situación de inmersión lingüística, relacionando dichas competencias con el bagaje lingüístico, cultural y procedural de los sujetos y los parámetros más clásicos de la apropiación de lenguas extranjeras. Nuestro estudio se aplica a una muestra de unos ochenta estudiantes universitarios recién llegados en una región de España, Cataluña e inscritos en su mayoría en programas de movilidad. Pretendemos verificar en el marco de este trabajo posibles relaciones de causa a efecto entre el grado de competencia comunicativa obtenida en una lengua extranjera desconocida (en este caso, el catalán) y los distintos parámetros que condicionan el aprendizaje de lenguas: por una parte, la motivación, la actitud general, la exposición a la lengua y el tipo de aprendizaje ; por otra parte el perfil lingüístico de la persona (lenguas a partir de las cuales el sujeto puede establecer transferencias positivas), la percepción y las representaciones que tiene de ellas así como su uso. Por lo que refiere a los factores clásicos, de apropiación de una lengua extranjera, nos proponemos comprobar el impacto de una actitud positiva, de una motivación elevada, de una exposición suficiente sobre la adquisición de competencias en la lengua meta. Y postulamos, concordando de esta forma con los autores de la “didáctica del plurilingüismo”, que la “proximidad” genética y/o estructural entre, por un lado, las lenguas presente en el repertorio lingüístico previo y, por el otro, la lengua desconocida, favorece la progresión en la competencia comunicativa. También queremos contribuir a la definición del plurilingüismo en la medida en que tratamos de validar experimentalmente descripciones realizadas en base a diferentes herramientas de referencia que provienen de la investigación en intercomprensión, como lo son el referencial de intercomprensión, las categorizaciones de Coste o los principios didácticos de Meissner ; utilizando tanto datos objetivos del grado de plurilingüismo como las experiencias lingüísticas previas a la estancia como datos más subjetivos, por ejemplo la propia evaluación por parte del sujeto de su grado de plurilingüismo o su opinión en cuanto a las ventajas e inconvenientes de esta característica. Por otra parte, nos interesamos al impacto posible de un perfil “diversificado”, “heterogéneo”, “complejo” (de un punto de vista a la vez lingüístico y cultural) sobre las capacidades de apropiación de un sistema lingüístico ajeno. Trabajamos sobre todo con datos declarativos que provienen de cuestionarios en línea inspirados de los portfolios europeos de las lenguas (COE) y cuya fiabilidad se comprueba mediante una corta hetero-evaluación de las competencias receptivas realizada por un subgrupo. La implementación informática, de los modelos tanto como de los procesos de tratamiento de datos hace que la experiencia y los análisis sean reproductibles y aplicables a una muestra de mayor tamaño o de otra composición, en base a otros modelos. Los resultados obtenidos indican un efecto positivo importante y significativo del factor “actitud hacia las lenguas y hacia la lengua desconocida”; y el número de lenguas adquiridas/aprendidas y su proximidad genética con la lengua meta resultan ser relevantes. En cambio, el efecto de las transferencias estructurales de otro tipo no ha quedado demostrado.
Cette thèse prétend faire une évaluation des compétences communicatives acquises dans une langue étrangère inconnue par des sujets placés en situation d’immersion linguistique, en reliant lesdites compétences avec le bagage linguistique, culturel et procédural des sujets et les paramètres plus classiques de l’appropriation des langues étrangères. Notre étude s’applique à un échantillon de quelques quatre-vingts étudiants universitaires nouveaux venus dans une région d’Espagne, la Catalogne et inscrits, pour la plupart dans des programmes de mobilité. Nous prétendons vérifier dans le cadre de ce travail d’éventuelles relations de cause à effet entre le degré de compétence communicative obtenue dans une langue étrangère inconnue (ici le catalan) et les différents paramètres qui conditionnent l’apprentissage des langues : d’une part, la motivation, l’attitude générale, l’exposition à la langue, et le type d’apprentissage ; et d’autre part le profil langagier de la personne (langues à partir desquelles le sujet pourra établir des transferts positifs), la perception et les représentations qu’il en a et les usages qu’il en fait. En ce qui concerne les facteurs classiques, d’appropriation d’une langue étrangère, nous nous proposons de vérifier l’impact d’une attitude positive, d’une motivation élevée, d’une exposition suffisante sur l’acquisition de compétences en langue cible. Et nous postulons, suivant en cela les auteurs des courants de la « didactique du plurilinguisme », que la « proximité » génétique et/ou structurelle entre d’une part, les langues présentes dans le répertoire langagier préalable et, d’autre part, la langue inconnue favorise la progression dans la compétence communicative. Nous souhaitons également contribuer à la définition du plurilinguisme dans la mesure où nous tâchons de valider expérimentalement des descriptions réalisées sur la base de différents outils de référence issus de la recherche en intercompréhension, tels que le référentiel de l’intercompréhension, les catégorisations de Coste ou les principes pédagogiques de Meissner ; en partant tout autant de données objectives du degré de plurilinguisme telles que les expériences linguistiques préalables au séjour que de données plus subjectives comme le sont la propre évaluation par le sujet de son degré de plurilinguisme ou son opinion quant aux avantages et aux inconvénients de cette caractéristique. D’autre part, nous nous intéressons à l’impact possible d’un profil « diversifié », « hétérogène », « complexe » (d’un point de vue à la fois linguistique et culturel) sur les capacités d’appropriation d’un système linguistique autre. Nous travaillons surtout sur des données déclaratives issues de questionnaires on-line inspirés des portfolios européens des langues (COE) et dont la fiabilité est vérifiée par une courte hétéro-évaluation des compétences réceptives réalisée par un sous-groupe. L’implémentation informatique, des modèles aussi bien que des procédures de traitement des données rend l’expérience et les analyses reproductibles et applicables à un échantillon de plus grande taille ou d’une autre composition, sur la base d’autres modèles. Les résultats obtenus indiquent un effet positif important et significatif du facteur « attitude envers les langues et envers la langue inconnue » ; et le nombre de langues acquises/apprises et leur proximité génétique à la langue méta s’avèrent aussi pertinents. En revanche, l’effet des transferts structurels d’un autre type, n’a pas été démontré.
This thesis claims to make an evaluation of the communicative skills acquired in an unknown language by subjects placed in linguistic immersion, relating the aforementioned skills with the linguistic, cultural and procedural background of the subjects as well as the more usual parameters which condition the appropriation of foreign languages. Our study applies to a sample of some eighty university students who have recently moved to a region of Spain, Catalonia and belong, for the most part, to mobility programs. In this work we attempt to confirm any causal relationship between the degree of communicative skills acquired in an unknown language (Catalan in that case) and the various parameters which condition language learning: on the one hand, motivation, general attitude, language exposure and the type of learning; on the other, the linguistic profile of the subjects (which allows positive transfers), the way they use it and how they perceive it. As regards the traditional factors of appropriation of a foreign language, we claim to confirm the impact of a positive attitude, a high motivation, and sufficient time of exposure on the acquisition of communication skills in the target language. We postulate, following researchers in "didactics of plurilingualism", that the genetic and/or structural proximity between the language(s) of anyone’s linguistic repertoire and the unknown target language is very likely to favour the development of such communicative skills. Moreover we hope to contribute to the definition of plurilingualism since we attempt to validate experimentally some descriptions realized on the basis of various reference tools coming from the research on intercomprehension, such as the skills reference data on multilingual communication in intercomprehension, Costes’s categorizations or Meissner’s didactic principles. Besides, our research is based on objective as well as subjective data related to the degree of plurilingualism of each subject, such as their preliminary linguistic experiences; their own evaluation of their level of plurilingualism, or their view on the advantages and drawbacks of such characteristic. Finally, we are highly interested in the possible impact of a "diversified", "heterogeneous", "complex" profile on the capacities of appropriation of another linguistic system. We have worked mostly on declarative data, collected from on-line questionnaires inspired by the European Languages Portfolios (COE) and the accuracy of such data has been confirmed by a short hetero-evaluation of receptive skills achieved by a subgroup of our sample. The computer implementation of the models as well as of data processing procedures make it possible for the experiment and the analyses to be reproduced and applied to a sample of a bigger size or of another composition, on the basis of other models. The results point out an important and significant positive effect of the factor labelled “attitude towards languages and towards the unknown target language”. In the same way, the number of acquired / learnt languages and their typological genetic proximity to the target language have proved quite relevant. Yet, the effect of other kinds of structural transfers has not been evidenced.

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CRUZ, LARISSA FROSSARD RANGEL. "EXTERNAL EVALUATION AND QUALITY OF EDUCATION: APPROPRIATIONS AND DATA USE IN MUNICIPAL PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF MACAÉ/RJ." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=23584@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
O estudo discute como os dados de avaliação externa são apropriados e utilizados por membros das equipes de gestão e professores, através de três estudos de caso em escolas da rede pública municipal de ensino de Macaé/RJ. A pesquisa contemplou dois níveis de análise: o nível da rede municipal de ensino - enquanto responsável pela orientação e organização das condições do trabalho a ser desenvolvido pelas escolas; e o nível da escola, principal foco desta investigação. O recorte temporal considerou dois momentos da gestão municipal: 2005-2008 e 2009-2012. A literatura nacional e a internacional sobre políticas educacionais consideram que as avaliações externas possibilitam mapear os processos de distribuição do conhecimento nas redes de ensino e nas escolas, podendo orientar a gestão das mesmas. A pesquisa buscou discutir como os resultados destas avaliações vêm sendo usados na gestão educacional municipal e como têm sido traduzidos no cotidiano escolar por meio das práticas de membros das equipes de gestão e professores do Ensino Fundamental da rede pública municipal de ensino de Macaé/RJ. A investigação foi desenvolvida por meio de análise documental, de entrevistas exploratórias, de observações do cotidiano de três escolas, das respostas a questionários aplicados aos integrantes das equipes de gestão e aos professores, além de entrevistas semiestruturadas com estes agentes escolares. No nível da rede, o estudo mostrou que, embora tenha havido iniciativas de desenvolvimento de uma avaliação externa da rede com vistas ao uso das informações para auxiliar a gestão, estas foram descontinuadas. No período analisado constatou-se a ausência de políticas que dessem suporte e orientassem a apropriação e usos dos dados pelas escolas. No nível das escolas, os resultados apontaram que os integrantes das equipes de gestão e professores reconhecem nas avaliações externas a possibilidade de elencar elementos que subsidiem aspectos do trabalho pedagógico que realizam. No entanto, os usos que têm sido feitos ainda se restringem a ações pontuais e descontínuas, credoras do esforço particular de cada estabelecimento e da respectiva equipe de gestão, sem o desenvolvimento de um projeto pedagógico consistente e articulado lastreado pelos resultados da escola. Este trabalho pretende contribuir para o debate sobre as apropriações e usos dos dados das avaliações externas nos municípios brasileiros.
The present study discusses how the management team members and teachers use external evaluation data through three case studies in municipal public schools of Macaé/RJ. The research concentrated on two levels of analysis: the municipal education level – as the one promoting guidance and organizing the means by which the schools will develop the work; and the school level, the main focus of this investigation. The time frame reflected during this study included two terms of municipal management: 2005-2008 and 2009-2012. The national and international literature regarding educational policies and procedures, suggests that external evaluatins allow the mapping of the educational delivery process in the schools and educational institutions, leading to a more efficient management of these organizations. This research study discusses how the results of these evaluations have been used in the municipal educational management, and how they transfer to the schools through the actions of the management team members and elementary school teachers of the municipal public schools of Macaé/RJ. The investigation was developed through the analysis of documents, exploratory interviews, observation of the educational routine of three schools, answers to questionnaires provided by members of the management team and teachers, and semi-structured interviews with school agents as well. At the municipal education level the study indicated that, although several external evaluations were developed with the purpose of using data to help with educational management, they were discontinued. During the period of analysis, there were no policies that supported or guided the schools towards data usage. At the school level, the results indicated that the management team members and the teachers recognize that external evaluations can provide valuable information to their pedagogic work. Nonetheless, the current use is restricted to discontinued isolated activities which resulted from the individual work of each educational institution and its management team. There was no consistent pedagogic project developed that was supported by the school’s results. This study expects to contribute to the debate regarding the external evaluation appropriation and data usage in the Brazilian cities.

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Amaral, Ludmila Lupinacci. "As apropriações do GIF animado : aspectos culturais, expressivos e afetivos dos usos de uma tecnologia defasada." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/142516.

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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo geral avaliar como propriedades técnicas particulares, e aspectos afetivos, expressivos e culturais contribuem para a vitalidade, apropriação e criação de novos usos para o GIF animado, considerando as limitações e defasagens dessa tecnologia. O referencial teórico divide-se em três partes: na primeira, são tratadas questões referentes às propriedades técnicas do formato GIF, suas vantagens e limites, e seu histórico de usos e aplicações; na segunda, são explorados fenômenos culturais que podem ter implicado nas apropriações do GIF animado; e na terceira, o GIF animado é investigado a partir de seus aspectos afetivos e expressivos. Na investigação empírica, recorreu-se à seleção por bola de neve para identificar sujeitos que usam intensamente GIFs animados em suas práticas cotidianas. Foram realizadas dezesseis entrevistas qualitativas semiestruturadas, a partir das quais foram feitas a análise e discussão dos resultados. Em termos gerais, concluiu-se que a vitalidade do GIF animado deve-se a uma combinação de questões técnicas inerentes às materialidades da tecnologia, demandas de consumo próprias da cultura contemporânea e, também, ao surgimento de espaços adequados para sua circulação e proliferação.
This study aims primarily to evaluate how specific technical proprieties, and affective, expressive and cultural aspects contribute to the vitality, appropriation and creation of new uses for the animated GIF, regarding its technical restrictions. The theoretical part is divided in three chapters: in the first one, we deal with the matter of the technical features of the GIF format, its advantages and limitations, and the history of its uses and applications; in the second chapter, some of the cultural phenomena that made the appropriations of the animated GIF possible are scanned; finally, in the third one, the animated GIF is investigated from its affective and expressive aspects. To develop the empirical research we identified, through snowball selection, subjects who use animated GIFs intensively on their daily practices. Then, sixteen qualitative interviews were conducted, from which emerged the analysis and discussion of results. In summary, we concluded that the vitality of the animated GIF was made possible due to a combination of technical and material aspects, intrinsic to this technology, consumption demands typical of the present-day culture and, also, to the emergence of spaces suited to its circulation and proliferation.

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Brown, Ingi. "Entre firme et usagers : des biens génératifs d’usages.Théorie des biens comme espaces de conception." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0001/document.

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De nouveaux produits et services jouissent aujourd'hui d'un succès surprenant, alors qu'ils ne s'intègrent pas dans les canons traditionnels de l'innovation. Sans proposer de ruptures technologiques ni d'usages clairement identifiés, ces biens suscitent toutefois une large exploration d'usages nouveaux et inconnus, à l'image du service web Twitter ou du téléphone iPhone qui viennent bouleverser les pratiques quotidiennes de leurs usagers dans de nombreux domaines, y compris professionnels.La littérature apporte des réponses partielles aux enjeux soulevés par cette classe de biens, mais semble limitée par une vision des biens comme systèmes de découplages de la conception d'usages : celle-ci aurait lieu au sein de la firme par des approches de type analyse d'usage ou bien auprès d'usagers-concepteurs très compétents.Nous proposons ici une théorie qui veut intégrer ces différents apports tout en soulevant les hypothèses que nous jugeons trop restrictives sur les usagers, les biens et leurs rapports à la conception d'usage. Ce projet nous amène à rediscuter la notion de biens pour les considérer comme des espaces de conception d'usages, à destination d'acteurs à la fois usagers et concepteurs.Ce nouveau paradigme suppose en revanche de réinterroger le rôle de la firme dans l'organisation de cette action collective de conception d'usages. La confrontation de notre modèle théorique à trois études de cas révèle que les succès que l'on connait aujourd'hui reposent sur une organisation sophistiquée des relations entre la firme et ses usagers concepteurs, ainsi qu'une ingénierie spécifique de dispositifs de conception, de formation et de coordination
De nouveaux produits et services jouissent aujourd'hui d'un succès surprenant, alors qu'ils ne s'intègrent pas dans les canons traditionnels de l'innovation. Sans proposer de ruptures technologiques ni d'usages clairement identifiés, ces biens suscitent toutefois une large exploration d'usages nouveaux et inconnus, à l'image du service web Twitter ou du téléphone iPhone qui viennent bouleverser les pratiques quotidiennes de leurs usagers dans de nombreux domaines, y compris professionnels.La littérature apporte des réponses partielles aux enjeux soulevés par cette classe de biens, mais semble limitée par une vision des biens comme systèmes de découplages de la conception d'usages : celle-ci aurait lieu au sein de la firme par des approches de type analyse d'usage ou bien auprès d'usagers-concepteurs très compétents.Nous proposons ici une théorie qui veut intégrer ces différents apports tout en soulevant les hypothèses que nous jugeons trop restrictives sur les usagers, les biens et leurs rapports à la conception d'usage. Ce projet nous amène à rediscuter de la notion de biens pour les considérer comme des espaces de conception d'usages, à destination d'acteurs à la fois usagers et concepteurs.Ce nouveau paradigme suppose en revanche de réinterroger le rôle de la firme dans l'organisation de cette action collective de conception d'usages. La confrontation de notre modèle théorique à trois études de cas révèle que les succès que l'on connait aujourd'hui reposent sur une organisation sophistiquée des relations entre la firme et ses usagers concepteurs, ainsi qu'une ingénierie spécifique de dispositifs de conception, de formation et de coordination

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Pereira, Cloves Farias. "Vida ribeirinha no lago Cururu: territorialidade, formas de apropriação e usos dos territórios no baixo Solimões (AM)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2007. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/4219.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Natural resources are fundamental for the existence of dwellers in Amazonia, they are usually appropriated from territories that belong to communities which share with their members the natural resources necessary to their way of living. However, one of the problems the dweller face is exactly the concomitant use of territory among other social groups that do not make part of their social relationships. Thus, our contribution comes in the sense of understanding the way the dwellers’ life is settled in the communities of Cururu Lake, we intend to show that the appropriation of natural resources is a result of the process of territoriality. This study was carried out in Manacapuru municipality, Amazonas, in three communities located in Cururu Lake; spatially distributed in 28 domestic groups in “Divino Espírito Santo”, 15 domestic groups in “São Francisco do Cururu”. In order to collect the information about their productive practices we took as base the theoretical-methodological procedures of the hermeneutical culture. The research was performed through a semi-structured interview script, being also very relevant the use of the data bank of the “Programa Integrado de Recursos Aquáticos” (Integrated Program of Aquatic Resources) from “Universidade Federal do Amazonas”. The information collected allowed us to see that territoriality is expressed by the local knowledge of the dwellers through the use of the environments of terra firma, low-land and high-land areas; in the ways of appropriation of the natural resources and through the sociopolitical relationships which acknowledge the division of the Cururu Lake into differentiated communities.
Os recursos naturais são fundamentais para a existência dos ribeirinhos na Amazônia, são comumente apropriados dos territórios pertencentes às comunidades que distribuem entre os seus membros os recursos naturais necessários para a reprodução social dos seus modos de vida. Todavia um dos problemas enfrentados pelos moradores é justamente a questão do uso concomitante de territórios com grupos sociais que não fazem parte de suas relações sociais. Assim, nossa contribuição vem no sentido de compreendermos como é firmada a vida dos moradores das comunidades do lago Cururu, procuramos mostrar que a apropriação dos recursos naturais é resultado do processo de territorialidade. O estudo foi realizado no município de Manacapuru – Amazonas, em três comunidades localizadas no lago Cururu; distribuídas espacialmente em 28 grupos domésticos na Divino Espírito Santo, 15 grupos domésticos na São João dos Cordeiros e 12 grupos domésticos na São Francisco do Cururu. Para o levantamento das informações sobre as práticas produtivas foram tomados como base os procedimentos teórico metodológicos da hermenêutica cultural. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado, sendo igualmente relevante a utilização do banco de dados do Programa Integrado de Recursos Aquáticos e da Várzea, da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. As informações permitiram constatar que a territorialidade é expressa pelo conhecimento local dos moradores no uso dos ambientes de terra firme, várzea e várzea alta; nas formas de apropriação dos recursos naturais e nas relações sociopolítica que permitem a divisão do lago Cururu em comunidades diferenciadas.

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Poupon, Lenaïc. "L'acceptation de la voiture électrique : étude d'un processus, de l'acceptabilité à l'acceptation située." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2002/document.

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Cette thèse vise à étudier les conditions psychosociales d'adoption des véhicules électriques qui peuvent être utilisés de façon similaire au véhicule thermique (déplacements pendulaires, mobilités professionnelles, loisirs, vacances, etc.) et qui peuvent aussi participer à la réduction des nuisances environnementales (bruit, gaz à effet de serre). Si les voitures électriques (VE) répondent à ces exigences, ce véhicule connait pourtant une faible diffusion et un engouement limité auprès du grand public. L'objectif de cette recherche est de cerner les dimensions psychosociales de l'acceptation du VE. Dans une première phase nous chercherons à déterminer quels sont les facteurs (individuels, sociaux, domestiques/familiaux, technologiques, d'usage...) qui peuvent ou au contraire contrarier l'acceptabilité du VE, notamment aux niveaux des stratégies de déplacement, d'organisation et de gestion des activités, des styles de conduite automobile.... La méthodologie combinera deux approches, a priori et a posteriori, de l'acceptabilité et sera basée sur des outils de recueil de données qualitatifs et quantitatifs : entretiens individuels et collectifs, observations et suivis d'activités, questionnaires et échelles de mesure. Dans une seconde phase, il s'agira de tester les interactions entre les facteurs précédemment déterminés. Cette démarche s'inscrit dans un travail d'évaluation des rapports à une technologie pouvant modifier non seulement les pratiques et les usages liés à la conduite automobile mais aussi les attitudes et comportements pro-environnementaux
This thesis aims to study the dimensions that were involved in the acceptance process of the electric car into an household context. This process begins before any use into the social acceptability phase, which happens a priori and may lead or not to the use of the vehicle. This phase is then followed by a practical acceptability that we would study during the first using sessions. This process extends to a long term use with the integration of the electric car into daily practices and socio-domestic activities.To define and to evaluate the implications of the dimensions involved in each phases of the process, we have implemented two operations of data-collection. In the first one, we apprehended the social representation of the electric car and their anchorages, to determine their effects on the intentions of using an electric car. This study was realized by using an associative method, with a sample of novice in therm of electric car driving experiences (N=70). Then we allowed these subjects to experience the driving of an electric car, immediately followed by an individual interview. The second data-collection-operation consist of in-depth interviews by utilizing explicitation technics and critical incidents, realised with owners/drivers of electric cars (N=9).The results show the evolving nature of the relation between drivers and electric car throughout the acceptation process. We observed weak intentions of electric-car-use mainly due to negatives representations of its technical characteristics (autonomy, speed), and to their anchorage on conventional cars (internal combustion engine vehicles). Those negative perceptions changed after an initial test drive of the vehicle, leading to a positive “driver experience”. This trend was confirmed with a long term use of this type of cars, which allows the continuity of socio-domestic practices and activities

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Zorzal, Bruno. "Esthétique de l'exploitation photographique de photos déjà existantes." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080105/document.

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Au moment où les artistes revendiquent la totalité des objets composant la réalité comme source matérielle pour l’art, on se voit dans la nécessité de réfléchir sur les usages et appropriations créatives spécifiques d’images photographiques. En avançant ainsi d’un cadre général vers le particulier, on vise à instaurer une réflexion centrée sur l’utilisation de photos déjà existantes dans les pratiques artistiques visant la fabrication d’une œuvre photographique. Cependant, le fait de créer à partir d’un objet déjà créé qui ici est une photo, n’étant pas sans problèmes, qu’en est-il d’une forme photographique, de même que d’une expression subjective qui garderait un rapport de dépendance avec la nécessité de l’existence préalable d’une image technique ? Que se passe-t-il quand voit le jour, dans ce contexte, une image d’image ? En ce sens, quand le faire photographique devient un refaire à partir d’une photographie déjà existante, nous rapportons-nous de la même manière aux photos, aux processus et procédés photographiques en art et finalement aux œuvres photographiques, voire à la photographie et à l’art lui-même ? Les problèmes élaborés, dans ce contexte particulier, face aux œuvres et à l’aide de théories et notions nous permettent de repérer des éléments en vue d’une esthétique de l’exploitation en photographie de photos déjà existantes, et nous exposent à des aspects politiques, légaux, éthiques, etc. de ces actions, qui placent les photos au centre des processus et procédés en photographie
In a time when artists claim the totality of objects composing reality as a material source for art, we find it necessary to reflect on the uses of and creative appropriations specific to photographic images. In moving thusly from a general framework to a specific one, we intend to introduce a reflection centered on the use of pre-existing photos in artistic practices that themselves are directed towards the creation of a photographic oeuvre. However, and given the problematics associated with creating from an already-created object, in this case a photo, what is in it of a photographic form that as a subjective expression keeps a link of dependence with the necessity of existence that is precondition of a technical image? What happens when an image of an image enters the world in this context? In this sense, when doing photography becomes redoing from a pre-existing photograph, do we approach photos, photographic processes and procedures in art and finally photographic oeuvres, or even photography and art itself in the same manner? The questions that are developed in this specific context, in response to artworks and with the aid of theories and notions, permit us to identify elements towards an aesthetics of the photographic use of pre-existing photos, and expose us to political, legal, ethical, and other aspects of these actions, placing photos at the center of processes and procedures in photography

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Brueschke, Gitta Victoria. "Gender dimensions in the appropriation and use of ICT-technology : a qualitative study in Great Britain, Germany and the Netherlands." Thesis, University of York, 2012. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2788/.

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This thesis focuses on the roles that gender, age and culture play in informal knowledge acquisition in the field of everyday communications and entertainment technology. It concentrates on four such technologies: personal computers, mobile phones, digital cameras and MP3 players and was conducted in three countries: Great Britain, the Netherlands and Germany. It explores the strategies and networks that people develop and use to get the knowledge they need to acquire to be able to use newly available technology. The research was carried out using a qualitative approach and involved conducting 24 semi-structured interviews. The main body of analysis concentrates on three core topics: a) understanding the respondents’ childhood experiences with technical artefacts compared with the available technology, b) the different strategies developed by each individual to gain media literacy, and c) the interrelation of identity and technology, which includes the interviewees’ emotional relationships with technical artefacts. The first topic centres on the experiences of two different generations with technology and explores whether parents with technical interest conveyed this to their children. Further it investigates gender differences in these early encounters with technology. The second analysis chapter engages with the process of domesticating technical artefacts and the associated stages of knowledge acquisition. It explores the available knowledge sources for technical information in each country and which of them were used by my interviewees depending on age, gender and country. The third analysis chapter analyses the close connection between identity and the use of technical artefacts in everyday life. It examines the different perceptions respondents expressed about different generations and their use of technology, with younger generations often being dismissive of the technical competence of the older ones. The interviewees referred to their artefacts as though they were friends and described their relationship with them in terms that echo those used in object-relations theory. One important result of this study is that the perceived limitations stemming from individuals’ gender roles influenced their own attitude towards technology and technical competence. In summary, a picture emerged of interesting contradictions to some of the established stereotypes regarding the interplay of gender, age and technology.

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Agarwal, Nikhil. "Technology and social activism : an empirical study of the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) by Indian single-issue groups." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31374.

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This thesis explores the role of new Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) in political organisation. It explores the use of ICTs by singleissue groups - the emergence of which has become a salient feature of contemporary political activity. There has been considerable interest amongst politicians, activists, commentators and social scientists in the contribution of ICT (eg. social media) to democracy and the renewal of political life. Optimistic accounts are especially evident around 'the Arab Spring', though subsequent experiences have called into question the prevalent technological utopianism of the time. Despite this, we are now building a complete picture of how ICT can contribute to the political organisation. In particular, the significance of new media and technology for single issue groups has not yet been explored in developing countries context. This thesis, therefore, examines the characteristics of single issue groups and how social activists appropriated new media tools and its consequences for political organisation in a developing country: India. A qualitative study was undertaken to focus on two detailed case studies: India Against Corruption (IAC) and the Pink Chaddi campaign. IAC was the traditional activist organisation that used new media to its advantage whereas Pink Chaddi was the pioneering example of online social activism in the India. Forty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted with a range of actors involved to understand how single-issue groups appropriated technology and how new practices have emerge from this appropriation. Drawing upon the Social Shaping of Technology perspective (Williams & Edge, 1996) and its extension to Social Learning (Sørensen, 1996), the thesis refutes prevalent deterministic accounts (whether utopian or dystopian) of the impact of new technologies on political organisations. Instead, a detailed account is rendered of the adoption of various communication media and their utilisation in the particular practices and activities of the single-issue groups selected. The results demonstrate that the particular setting shapes the appropriation of new media and the development of new organisation practices: the skills resources and strategies of the local players involved as well as the availability and affordances of technology. The thesis introduces the concept of 'creative configuration' - to capture the innovative and adaptive process by which the actors involved explored the applicability of general purpose technology infrastructure and tools, assisted by forms of local expertise available to hand, to support organisational objectives. The research examines the applicability of the theory of temporary organisation (Lundin & Söderholm, 1995) to the activities of single-issue groups. It suggests an extension of this theory, highlighting how 'technology' acts as a catalyst to sustain temporary organisations such as single-issue groups. Further, a framework for sustainable local innovations is proposed to explore lessons for organisations in exploiting technologies sustainably and more efficiently.

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Braga, Moema Mesquita da Silva. "LÃgica dos usos e apropriaÃÃes da internet por jovens dos setores populares." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7288.

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FundaÃÃo de Amparo Ã Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃ
nÃo hÃ
Essa dissertaÃÃo tem como objetivo investigar se e como os diferentes lugares coletivos de acesso Ã internet possibilitam usos e apropriaÃÃes distintos desse meio, por parte dos jovens internautas Essa anÃlise acontece no bairro Granja Portugal, periferia da cidade de Fortaleza onde existem diversos centros coletivos de acesso Ã internet. Para essa pesquisa escolhemos a Casa Brasil, programa de inclusÃo instalado no bairro desde 2007, e uma das LAN houses que funcionam em frente Ã praÃa principal. Para dar conta do objeto central foram aplicadas as seguintes metodologias: observaÃÃo participante, entrevista em profundidade e a webgrafia. Com base nesses mÃtodos foi possÃvel compreender que as âcondiÃÃes de usoâ da internet em cada lugar sÃo evidenciadas nas formas de agir formais, tÃcnicas e simbÃlicas e estÃo presentes nos usos de apropriaÃÃes do espaÃo fÃsico por parte dos jovens. Esses usos do espaÃo revelam apropriaÃÃes que se conectam aos conceitos de mancha, pedaÃo, trajetos e circuito. Em relaÃÃo aos usos da internet pude perceber que o agir tÃcnico e o agir normativo de cada lugar sÃo responsÃveis pelo direcionamento de alguns acessos. Contudo, apesar de existirem especificidades, os acessos tambÃm apresentaram semelhanÃas fato que reitera a noÃÃo que a natureza de cada espaÃo ela interfere nos acessos, mas nÃo os determina. Paralelo a esses usos encontramos tambÃm as apropriaÃÃes da internet. Assim, mesmo apresentando alguns usos semelhantes nos dois lugares encontramos formas de uso distintas da internet em cada lugar. Com base nessas apropriaÃÃes nos deparamos mais uma vez com interferÃncias do agir normativo e tÃcnico, elementos de uma cotidianidade familiar que se fizeram presentes, durante todo o processo de apropriaÃÃo da rede por parte dos jovens. Estes, em alguns momentos, apresentam-se reproduzindo as formas de agir desses espaÃos e em outros demonstram elementos marcado por tÃticas, resistÃncias e negociaÃÃes.
This thesis aims to investigate whether and how the different places of collective Internet access allow different uses and appropriations of that environment by young surfers. This analysis takes place in Portugal Granja district, outskirts of Fortaleza where there are many collective centers for Internet access. For this research we chose Casa Brazil, inclusion program installed in the neighborhood since 2007, and from Internet cafes running opposite the main square. To take account of the central object were applied the following methodologies: participant observation, depth interviews and webgrafia. Based on these methods reveals that the "conditions of use" of the Internet in each place are evident in the ways of doing formal, technical and symbolic and are present in the uses of appropriation of space by young people. These appropriations show uses of space that connect the concepts of spot, block, and circuit paths. Regarding the uses of the internet I realized that the acting coach and normative act of each place are responsible for directing some hits. However, although there are specific, the hits also showed similarities fact that reiterates the notion that the nature of the space it interferes with access, but not determines them. Parallel to these uses will also find the appropriation of the Internet. Thus, even with some cloths in the two places we found ways to use the internet in each different place. Based on these appropriations are faced once again with normative act of interference and technical elements of an everyday family who were present during the entire process of network ownership by young people. These, at times, present-reproducing forms of these spaces and act in other show elements marked by tactics, resistance and negotiations.

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Lemoine, Grégoire. "Le peuple et l'histoire : circulations, appropriations et usages des savoirs historiques dans les milieux populaires en France (1815-1835)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010665.

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L’histoire apparaît, entre la Restauration et les premières années de la Monarchie de Juillet, comme des prérogatives des élites sociales. Elles produisent le récit, et s’en réservent la circulation, sans que leur rapport au passé soit pour autant homogène : le récit de l’histoire (en particulier de l’histoire de France) construit par des historiens libéraux, est en compétition avec des récits historiques produits pour certains dès la fin du XVIIème siècle, et dont la Restauration contribue à relancer la publication. Pourtant ces savoirs historiques circulent au-delà des cercles sociaux privilégiés, et les sources ne manquent pas pour l’attester. Des centaines d’individus surveillés puis arrêtés pour propos séditieux, des autodidactes autobiographes, des écoliers dont les cahiers ont été conservés, des ouvriers saint-simoniens entonnant des chansons dans les goguettes font tous montre d’une culture historique empruntée aux élites, dont il faudra comprendre les modalités de circulation et d’appropriation. Nous nous intéressons au caractère vertical de ces circulations. Les savoirs historiques sont diffusés par des « passeurs » : les maîtres d’école, les curés, les dramaturges, les boutiquiers relaient auprès des gens du peuple la compétition qui se joue, à travers les récits de l’histoire nationale et générale, entre ultras, libéraux et républicains. Mais ces circulations sont aussi horizontales : les savoirs se diffusent et se transforment au sein des catégories populaires, en fonction des usages qu’on leur assigne, et qu’il s’agira d’examiner en s’arrêtant sur le rôle des lieux de cette diffusion, la rue, le cabaret, l’atelier, l’espace domestique entre autres
Between the Restoration and the first years of the July Monarchy, historical knowledge seemed to be exlusively detained by the upper class. The related historical facts, exchanged their knowledge within their circles. there was no unique interpretation of the past, though. History and in particular the history of France written by liberal historians was challenged by historical tales sometimes written as early as the late 17th century, which were published again under the Restoration. Yet, as it is confirmed by many sources, this historical kwowledge beyond the the upper class circles. Hundreds of people put under surveillance, then arrested for sedition statements, self-taugh autobiographers, pupils whose copybooks have been kep as well as Saint Simon workers' singing in “ Goguettes ” show that they had borrowed some elite’s historical knowledge. What is to be understood is how this knowledge circulated and how the people made it their own. We’ll be interested in these vertical circulations. Historical knowledge is transmitted through communicators : teachers, priests, playwright and shopkeepers contribute to spread these disputed tales of national and general history produced by ultras, liberals and republicans. But these circulations are also horizontal since knowledge is diffused and altered within the working class as we will see. We will also look quite closely at the places of this diffusion like the street, the workshop, or the house among others

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Blanc, Guillaume. "Les pratiques audiovisuelles domestiques : Cadres de réception et (ré)appropriations du foyer au prisme des techniques numériques et des stratégies industrielles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL021/document.

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Depuis les vingt dernières années, les techniques numériques connaissent un développement sans précédent et semblent favoriser une diversification des formes de réception des contenus audiovisuels. La délinéarisation de ces contenus, la multiplication des offres d’accès ou encore l’entrée de nouveaux acteurs industriels dans la filière audiovisuelle nous poussent à interroger ce que veut dire aujourd’hui « regarder la télévision ». Ce travail doctoral propose de dépasser la question de la pérennité de la télévision comme média de flux en interrogeant plutôt les évolutions des pratiques audiovisuelles des publics dans leurs dimensions symboliques, sociales et affectives. En s’appuyant sur une enquête menée dans plus de quarante foyers et auprès de professionnels du secteur télévisuel, cette recherche montre ainsi que les cadres de réception des publics se complètent et s’articulent plus qu’ils ne s’opposent. Par ailleurs, au travers d’une analyse des mutations des stratégies industrielles, il est également montré que les rapports de force entre chaînes de télévision et acteurs industriels de la communication (du Web, des télécommunications ou du matériel) n’impliquent pas nécessairement une remise en cause du rôle d’intermédiation des chaînes ou de la fonction structurante du modèle socio-économique de flot dans cette filière. Cette recherche souligne également la continuité de l’ancrage domestique des pratiques audiovisuelles malgré la multiplication des écrans et des formes d’accès aux contenus. Ainsi, les usages que les publics ont du numérique ne redessinent pas fondamentalement les rapports familiaux et les modes d’habiter. Au contraire, ces relations symboliques sont parfois renforcées au travers de (ré)appropriations quotidiennes des espaces-temps du foyer, dont les pratiques émergentes sont le support. Cette analyse du rôle des pratiques audiovisuelles dans la création des liens qui se tissent entre les personnes vivant sous le même toit permet ainsi de montrer en quoi ces pratiques participent à la construction du sentiment de « chez-soi » et font partie intégrante de l’économie morale du foyer
For the last twenty years, digital technology achieved an unprecedented development and seem to accelerate a diversification of the forms of audiovisual contents reception. The delinearization of these contents, the multiplication of the access offers or the entry of new industrial actors in the audiovisual sector push us to question what "watching television" means today. This PhD tries to go beyond the question of the durability of television as a broadcast media by questioning rather the evolution of the public audiovisual practices in their symbolic, social and affective dimensions. Based on a study conducted in more than 40 homes and with professionals of the television sector, this research shows that public reception frames are complementary and articulated more than in opposition. Moreover, through an analysis of the industrial strategies mutations, it is also shown that the balance of power between television channels and communication industries (Web, telecommunications or hardware) does not necessarily put in danger the intermediation role of the channels or the structuring function of the flow model. This research also highlights the continuity of the importance of the domestic dimension in the audiovisual practices despite the multiplication of the devices and the contents offers. Therefore, the uses of the digital technology do not fundamentally redraw the family relations and the modes of living. On the contrary, these symbolic relationships are sometimes reinforced by the daily (re)appropriations of the household spaces-times, through the emerging practices. This analysis of the linking role between people living under the same roof that the audiovisual practices perform shows how they contribute to the construction of the feeling of "home" and are an integral part of the household moral economy

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Kerr, Kathleen T. "A Study of the Plain Writing Act of 2010: Federal Agency, Writer, and User Appropriations of U.S. Plain Language Policy." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50426.

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On October 13, 2010, President Barack Obama signed the Plain Writing Act of 2010 into law. It requires federal government agencies to use plain writing in all "covered" documents "the agency issues or substantially revises" (Sec. 4 (b)). The goal of the Plain Writing Act is to "enhance citizen access to Government information" (Introduction) and improve government operations and accountability "by promoting clear Government communication the public can understand and use (Sec. 2). This dissertation examines what plain language, as the Act defines it and the U.S. federal government (USG) is implementing it, means and does at the various levels of language policy -- institutional, writer, and user. I argue that "real" plain language policy differs from the policy documented by the Plain Writing Act of 2010. While plain bureaucratic writing can help to make government documents more understandable for users, plain writing alone cannot achieve the Act's goals. Plain writing is a style of writing. As such, it is not only contingent, but it is also subjective and based on preference, which is impossible to legislate. Hence, plain bureaucratic writing is and does different things at different levels of language policy. Moreover, institutional- and writer-level representations of plain bureaucratic writing are at odds with user representations in many respects. Plain bureaucratic writing for USG agencies and federal writers is another way to describe good writing in the tradition of Edited American English and "fixes" the problem of bad government writing. At the user level, understandable writing is plain writing, regardless of whether it adheres to the principles of standard written English or the plain style. Plain language legislation does not affect the work of most writers in the study or their ability to do it. Nonetheless, user participants generally prefer plain language, reporting that they are more inclined to do what a government document intends for them to do when they understand it. Efforts to enhance government communication should focus on usability instead of plain language since usability is a better measure of the extent to which plain bureaucratic writing impacts the textual government-citizen interaction.
Ph. D.

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Pérez, Rosillo Taïma Del Carmen. "Un modèle dédié à la conception et l’analyse de ressources numériques visant leur appropriation par les élèves." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN016/document.

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Au sein du projet Tactiléo, nous considérons que l’appropriation d’une ressource numérique peut être évaluée sachant que « conception » et « usage » sont des processus itératifs. Nous proposons un modèle de conception et analyse d’usages de ressources numériques basé sur trois axes théoriques : la Théorie des Situations Didactiques (Brousseau, 1998) La Théorie de la Genèse Instrumentale (Rabardel, 1995) Et la Théorie de l’Activité (Leontiev, 1978 ; Vygotsky, 1978 ; Amigues, 2013). Nous avons construit une méthodologie pour évaluer l’appropriation de ressources numériques nous interrogeant : comment l’appropriation d’une ressource numérique peut-elle être évaluée lors de son usage ? Comment les résultats de l’évaluation de l’appropriation d’une ressource numérique peuvent-ils contribuer à sa réingénierie ? Et comment concevoir et utiliser un modèle de conception et d’analyse de ressources numériques basé sur l’appropriation ? Nous avons menées une étude exploratoire pour l’analyse d’une simulation en physique au collège ; l’analyse des réponses à un questionnaire par cinq équipes de concepteurs pour identifier les tâches qu’il est possible de prescrire à partir de la mise à profit des fonctionnalités techniques de la tablette ; une étude exploratoire de l’usage d’un jeu de cartes en tant qu’outil d’appui à la conception des situations d’apprentissage instrumentées par la tablette ; une analyse a priori du jeu Mets-toi à table ! (MTAT) pour identifier ses actions, activités et stratégies ; l’évaluation de l’appropriation du jeu MTAT par une classe (trace numérique d’interaction)
Within the Tactiléo project, we consider that the appropriation of a digital resource can be evaluated knowing that "design" and "use" are iterative processes. We propose a model of design and analysis of the uses of numerical resources based on three theoretical axes: The Theory of Didactic Situations (Brousseau, 1998) The Theory of Instrumental Genesis (Rabardel, 1995) and Theory of Activity, 1978, Vygotsky, 1978, Amigues, 2013). We constructed a methodology to evaluate the appropriation of digital resources interrogating us: how can the appropriation of a digital resource be evaluated during it is use? How can the results of the evaluation of the appropriation of a digital resource contribute to re-engineering it? And how to design and use a model of design and analysis of digital resources based on appropriation? We conducted an exploratory study for the analysis of a simulation in physics class at the college; The analysis of the answers to a questionnaire by five teams of designers to identify the tasks that can be prescribed from the use of the technical features of the tablet; An exploratory study of the use of a deck of cards as a tool to support the design of learning situations instrumented by the tablet; A priori analysis of the game Put yourself at the table! (MTAT) to identify its actions, activities and strategies; The evaluation of the appropriation of the MTAT game by a class (digital trace of interaction)

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Reddy, S. Rama Chandra. "User group benefit appropriation in the global commons : an economic analysis of tropical forest management under uncertainty with a case study of India." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263317.

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Barros, Henrique M. de. "Firms' perception of the importance and use of patents as a means of appropriating the returns from innovation." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2005. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2844/.

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The present research extends the existing literature in at least three aspects. Firstly, it looks at what makes firms perceive patents as more or less important. Secondly, it examines how patents do (if at all) interact with other appropriability mechanisms. Finally, it looks at how firms act with respect to why, where, what and when to patent. The manufacturing industry is still the major source of patent applications. Thus, a firm-level study in manufacturing was chosen. The adopted methodology consists of i) a series of interviews with decision-makers on patents in six pharmaceuticals firms, using a semi-structured questionnaire, and ii) two postal surveys of firms in UK manufacturing, conducted through structured questionnaires. One survey, also known as the Community Innovation Survey, was undertaken by the UK Office for National Statistics on behalf of the UK Department of Trade industry. Another survey, encompassing particular aspects of patenting activities, was administered by the researcher to firms listed in the UK R&D Scoreboard. Contrary to our suspicions patent numbers may be a good proxy for evaluating the importance of patents as a mechanism of protection, but not necessarily for measuring the level of innovativeness of a firm. Secondly, our findings suggest that some mechanisms of appropriability are more correlated to patents than others but, overall, they lead to the same sort of conclusions. Finally, we found that i) firms seek patents mainly as a protective device against copying; ii) patents tend to be filed early in the innovation process when the prospects may still be uncertain; iii) in general broader patent scope is sought but a narrow scope can also be valuable; and iv) the attractiveness of the market is central when firms decide to pursue cross-border proprietary control of the knowledge they create.

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LEAL, RITA DE CASSIA SOUZA. "USES AND APPROPRIATIONS OF THE NO-SCREEN IN THE NETWORK: A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE CONDITIONS OF YOUNG PEOPLE TO THE INTERNET IN BRAZIL AND ITALY." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2010. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=15434@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
A tese apresenta um estudo comparativo entre o Brasil e a Itália, no que se refere aos usos e apropriações que os jovens da população de baixa renda ou com poucas oportunidades de acesso, fazem da e na Internet. Com base nos pressupostos metodológicos da pesquisa qualitativa, a investigação visa compreender as mudanças provocadas pela inserção da rede no cotidiano desses jovens, considerando duas realidades distintas. Assim, em diálogo contínuo com os teóricos que estudam o tema, a tese apresenta e analisa discursos oficiais e midiáticos, dados estatísticos sobre os usos das TIC’s nos dois países, além das falas de coordenadores, mentores e usuários. Na delimitação do campo empírico, a tese faz um recorte na realidade italiana, elegendo o projeto terza área desenvolvido pelo Cremit - Centro de Pesquisa da Universidade Católica do Sagrado Coração de Milão em parceria com o Instituto Escolar Oriani Mazzini, voltado para a inclusão de estudantes com poucas oportunidades de acesso aos meios. Já no Brasil, o recorte recaí sobre as LAN houses, centros pagos de acesso à Internet, por meio das falas dos estudantes do Instituto de Educação Clélia Nanci, em São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, todos na condição de usuários freqüentes das LANs, fenômeno que perpassa as diferentes classes sociais, mas são locais preferidos para o acesso à Internet entre a população menos favorecida. Nesse sentido, é introduzida a questão da desigualdade de acesso, da divisão digital, da construção da cidadania e da democracia, além do papel da educação nesse contexto. As contribuições significativas estão na reflexão crítica sobre a questão do acesso e nos questionamentos sobre a divisão digital, tanto no Brasil, quanto na Itália. Os resultados obtidos oferecem pistas para a articulação de projetos educativos que concebam a inclusão digital sob a ótica da inclusão social, posto que, como indicam os dados, uma não se realiza sem a outra.
The thesis presents a comparative study between Brazil and Italy, with regard to Internet uses and appropriations referred to young people of low income or with limited access opportunities. Based on the methodological assumptions of qualitative research, the research aims to understand the changes caused by the impact of Internet in young people’s of everyday life, considering two different realities. Thus, in continuous dialogue with theorists who study the subject, the thesis presents and analyzes media and official speeches, statistics on the uses of ICT in both countries, in addition to the testimonies of coordinators, mentors and users. In defining the empirical field, the thesis makes a cut in the Italian reality, choosing a project called terza area developed by Cremit - Research Center of the University of the Sacred Heart of Milan in partnership with the School Oriani Mazzini, toward the inclusion students with few opportunities for media access. In Brazil, the clip falls on LAN Houses, shopping paid Internet access, through the speeches of the students of the Institute of Education Clelia Nanci in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, the same condition as frequent users of LANs, a phenomenon running through the different social classes, though remaining a preferred location for Internet access among the less favored population. In this sense, we introduce the issue of unequal access, digital divide, the construction of citizenship and democracy, and the role of education in this context. The significant contributions are in critical reflection on the issue of access and questions about the digital divide, both in Brazil and in Italy. The results provide clues to the articulation of educational programs that develop digital inclusion from the perspective of social inclusion, since, as indicated by the data, one does not take place without the other.

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Harfoush, Hanaa. "Mondialisation et nouvelles techniques de communication : approche sociologique et théorique à partir du cas de la jeunesse Syrienne." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH024/document.

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L’objet de cette thèse est de s’interroger sur l’accès des jeunes syriens aux nouvelles techniques d’information et de communication et sur les usages qu’ils en ont. Après avoir présenté la Syrie dans ses aspects démographiques, économiques, politiques et culturels et avoir souligné le retard du pays en matière d’accès aux NTIC, le texte aborde les grandes orientations de la sociologie des médias et de la communication et s’efforce de situer le débat entre déterminisme technologique et déterminisme socio-économique en l’inscrivant dans le cadre des efforts d’explication des révoltes arabes des années 2010 et 2011. Après avoir présenté les différentes thèses qui se sont affrontées à ce sujet en particulier à propos du rôle des réseaux socio-numériques simples accélérateurs de la circulation des informations pour les uns ou véritables instruments de la révolte pour les autres, le texte aborde la situation des NTIC en Syrie et l’usage qu’en font les jeunes d’abord à partir des informations quantitatives existantes puis à partir d’une enquête sur un échantillon de jeunes syriens contactés par internet. La thèse analyse leur mode d’accès à internet et aux réseaux sociaux et les usages qu’ils en font ainsi que du téléphone mobile en comparaison avec les médias classiques qu’ils délaissent de plus en plus. Après avoir mis en lumière les difficultés d’accès à internet, le sous équipement du pays en matière d’informatique et de connexion ainsi que les fractures qui existent entre les générations, les sexes et les différentes aires géographiques, la thèse conclue que ce qui attire les jeunes vers les réseaux socio-numériques comme source d’information est lié au discrédit et à la méfiance vis-à-vis des médias classiques contrôlés par le régime ou idéologisés par diverses puissances régionales. Mais dans le contexte de guerre que connaît le pays, les informations circulant sur les réseaux sont de plus en plus idéologisés, reflétant les fractures confessionnelles et ethniques de la société syrienne. Les jeunes en font donc un usage avant tourné vers le divertissement pour oublier la tragique réalité quotidienne
This thesis will describe and analyze how young Syrian people could use the new techniques of information and communication. Firstly it describes the main characteristic of Syria on demographic economic political and cultural points of view. It underlines how the country has lately discovered the new technologies of communication in comparison with other Arabic countries. Then it presents the evolution of the sociology of mass media and communication and the main trends concerning the explication of the role of the web as a factor provoking the Arabic revolutions in 2010 and 2011. The text analyzes after the situation of the NTIC in Syria using quantitative information coming from different national and international reports. Then it presents the results of an inquiry organized through the web concerning a hundred or young Syrians who have answered to a large panel of opened or closed questions about the way they can use computers, web navigation and cellular phones. It underlines the differences between the generations, the genders and the different areas rural or urban concerning the use of the NTIC. The interest young people show for these techniques as a source of information is linked to the defiance concerning official media narrowly controlled by the regime. However, social networks in the context of the Syrian civil war trend to reinforce the religious and ethnic conflicts and young people use them essentially for leisure to forget the violence

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Toure, Bayanatou. "Gouvernance des bassins versants transfrontaliers ouest-africains : appropriation et développement partagé des eaux du Niger dans les portions Bénin-Niger-Nigéria." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BOR30027.

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Cette thèse vise la continuité des questions d’échelle à travers la gouvernance de l’eau qui ne peut s’établir à un seul niveau mais doit au contraire envisager tous les niveaux à la fois. Cela constitue une difficulté méthodologique majeure que la gestion internationale ne parvient encore à résoudre. La subsidiarité en était un moyen avec l’inconvénient de séparer brutalement les niveaux d’échelle. Mais le bassin versant considéré comme un espace de projet délimité, dont la gestion ne vise pas seulement son administration mais la coordination de politiques, induit une gestion au-delà des découpages administratifs, avec un processus décisionnel continu et négocié entre acteurs aux pouvoirs de différents niveaux, aux intérêts et aux logiques divers, souvent contradictoires. S’il est partagé par nature, en faire un bien commun impose de franchir l’obstacle de « l’égoïsme » qui peut être attaché à la souveraineté de chaque État sur son territoire. La réalisation d’ouvrages majeurs se détache du principe de « chacun chez soi ». C’est justement ce principe souverainiste qui engendre des hydro-conflits transfrontaliers. Ainsi, s’interroger sur la signification concrète du concept de gouvernance par l’exemple des eaux partagées du fleuve Niger dans ses portions Bénin, Niger et Nigéria, c’est poser le principal problème qui permet de hiérarchiser les différentes pièces du calcul. À travers une démarche inclusive, il sera question d’établir un diagnostic de gouvernance du bassin versant du Niger, d’identifier les impacts d’une telle approche sur le développement des ressources en eau et d'appréhender les pratiques sociales des usagers de l'eau notamment ceux impliqués dans le développement de l’agriculture irriguée et ceux qui subissent les impacts environnementaux qu’engendrent les infrastructures hydrauliques d’envergure à l’instar de Kainji et de Jebba
This thesis is the continuity of scale through the water governance that cannot be established at one level but must instead consider all levels at once. This was a major methodological difficulty that international management is still able to solve. Subsidiarity was a way with the disadvantage to brutally separate scale levels. But the watershed is considered as a project space delimited, whose management is not only the administration but the coordination of policies, induced a management beyond administrative cuts, with an ongoing decision-making process and negotiated between actors in the powers of different levels, interests and various, often contradictory logic. It is shared by nature, make a common good requires the hurdle of "selfishness" that can be attached to the sovereignty of each State over its territory. The realization of major works stands the principle of "everyone home." It is precisely this sovereigntist principle that generates cross-border hydro-conflits. So, wonder about the real meaning of the concept of governance by the example of the shared waters of the Niger River in Benin, Niger and Nigeria portions, this is the main problem that allows to prioritize the different parts of the calculation. Through an inclusive approach, it will issue a diagnosis of governance of the catchment area of Niger, to identify the impacts of such an approach on the development of water resources and to understand the social practices of users of water including those involved in the development of irrigated agriculture and those undergoing environmental impact generate the large-scale like Kainji and Jebba hydraulic infrastructure

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Nicolas-Artero, Chloé. "Appropriation de l’eau et production de l’espace. La dimension spatiale du droit de l’eau dans la vallée d’Elqui (Chili)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030033.

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Cette thèse propose de rendre compte des liens entre l’appropriation de l’eau et la production de l’espace pour penser la dimension spatiale du droit de l’eau. Elle se fonde sur l’étude du cas de la vallée d’Elqui, située dans une région semi-aride au nord du Chili. Les rapports entre le droit et l’espace sont analysés depuis l’étude des stratégies géolégales des acteurs et de leurs effets sur l’essor des activités minières, agricoles et immobilières. À cet effet, cette thèse propose la notion de système géolégal fluvial permettant d’étudier les rapports de pouvoir qui se nouent autour de l’élaboration des règles de partage, de distribution et d’administration de l’eau, dans une perspective pluriscalaire et diachronique. La thèse identifie une pluralité de modalités d’appropriation de l’eau, qui participe à l’expansion des secteurs extractifs depuis la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle. Ces modalités se déploient autour de dispositifs géolégaux qui produisent l’artificialisation du bassin versant. Toutefois, cette dernière est relative puisque subsistent des marges hydriques donnant à voir des pratiques d’irrigation et des conceptions de l’eau autres, associées à l’existence d’une économie plurielle. Le destin de ces marges reste indécis puisqu’elles font l’objet d’appropriation de l’eau qui engendre des pénuries d’eau. Les organisations des usagers de l’eau, et notamment les Conseils de Surveillance, jouent un rôle essentiel dans l’artificialisation de ces marges ou de leur protection. L’accès à la connaissance et la reconfiguration des rapports aux savoirs locaux sur l’eau expliquent la position différenciée des deux Conseils de Surveillance étudiés, dont les décisions participent à la production de l’espace de la vallée
This dissertation aims at grasping the links between water appropriation and production of space through the spatial dimension of water law. It is based on a case study of the Elqui Valley, located in a semi-arid region of northern Chile. The relationship between law and space has been analyzed examining the geolegal strategies deployed by the actors and their effects on the development of mining, agricultural and real estate activities. For this purpose, this dissertation proposes the concept of fluvial geolegal system to study the power relations that are tied around the elaboration of the rules of sharing, distribution and administration of water, in a multi-scale and diachronic perspective. The thesis identifies a number of water appropriation modalities that have participated in the expansion of extractive sectors since the second half of the twentieth century. The geolegal devices used in this process produce the artificialisation of the watershed. However, the latter is not overarching since some water margins show irrigation practices and other water concepts associated with the existence of a plural economy. The fate of these margins remains unclear, because they are subjected of to water appropriation practices which are the cause of water shortages. Organizations of water users and especially Supervisory Boards play a key role in the artificialization of these margins or in their protection. The access to new knowledge and the reconfiguration of the relation with local water knowledge explain the different positions of the two Supervisory Boards under scrutiny, whose decisions contribute to the space production

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Mifsud, Matthieu. "S'approprier le service pour co-créer de la valeur : une étude empirique dans le secteur de la santé." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTD031/document.

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A l'heure où les entreprises de service sollicitent de plus en plus leur clientèle, cette thèse examine les rôles respectifs de l'appropriation du service et de la participation du client dans le mécanisme de co-création de valeur. Une première étude qualitative exploratoire réalisée dans le secteur de la santé a permis de définir le concept d'appropriation d'un service et d'explorer la co-création de valeur du point de vue du client. Une étude empirique a, par la suite, été conduite auprès de 508 patients diabétiques. Les résultats montrent que l'appropriation du service joue un rôle déterminant dans la formation de la valeur "dans l'usage" pour le client et engendre sa participation au service. L'apport de cette recherche est de proposer un cadre général et une modélisation pour étudier la co-création de valeur du point de vue du client. De plus, elle permet d'approfondir la compréhension du concept d'appropriation en marketing en validant empiriquement certains de ses antécédents et conséquences. Enfin, des préconisations pratiques sont proposées aux managers pour piloter l'appropriation de leur service et engager leurs clients dans la co-création de valeur
This thesis examines the role of service appropriation and client participation in the value co-creation mechanism in services. First, an exploratory study in the health sector aimed to propose a comprehensive framework for service appropriation and analysed the process of value co-creation from a "customer centric" perspective. Second, a quantitative study was conducted with 508 diabetics patients. The results highlight the impact of service appropriation on value formation and on client participation. This research may contribute to the theory of value co-creation by proposing a modelization of its mechanisms. Plus, it gives clues to deepen the understanding of the concept of appropriation in marketing. Finally, this study provides important insights into how service providers and managers should manage the appropriation of their services and engage customers in the value co-creation process

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Jomphe, Yanick. "Impact de l’implication des acteurs dans la mise en oeuvre des outils de gestion sur la performance organisationnelle : cas du secteur canadien de l’automobile." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080087.

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Cette thèse s’appuie sur le constat selon lequel les acteurs vivent des difficultés professionnelles concernant la mise en œuvre des outils de gestion CRM ayant un impact à la fois sur la performance organisationnelle et sur les incidences financières. C’est dans cette perspective qu’elle vise à contribuer à l’enrichissement de l’implication des acteurs dans la mise en œuvre des outils de gestion sur la performance organisationnelle dans le secteur canadien de l’automobile. Notre recherche doctorale pose les questions suivantes : « quels sont les déterminants des incidences financières et de la performance organisationnelle ? ». Existe-t-il une relation entre ces types de performance et l’implication des dirigeants et utilisateurs en matière d’outils de gestion CRM ? Pour y répondre, un design méthodologique en trois phases a été élaboré : (1) une préenquête auprès de 21 cadres (2) une étude empirique quantitative basée sur un échantillon de 306 professionnels (3) une discussion après analyse des résultats et une théorie basée sur le TAR. Les résultats montrent que pour atteindre une performance organisationnelle et ainsi avoir des incidences financières, l’organisation doit s’assurer que, (a) les dirigeants s’impliquent en matière d’outils de gestion CRM, (b) les utilisateurs s’impliquent dans les CRM, (c) la formation adéquate est offerte. D’un point de vue empirique, les résultats permettent de connaître la dimension jusqu’ici peu explorée de la pratique professionnelle, en particulier en matière d’implication des dirigeants et des utilisateurs. Enfin, d’un point de vue méthodologique, cette recherche a permis de développer et d’expérimenter un dispositif permettant d’étudier l’implication des acteurs dans la mise en œuvre des outils de gestion sur un empan long de façon cohérente avec une épistémologie holiste de l’action humaine
This study builds on the research and implementation of management tools that have an impact on both organizational performance and financial impact. It is in this perspective that it contributes to the enrichment of the involvement of the actors in the implementation of management tools on organizational performance in the Canadian automotive sector. Our research raises the following questions: « What are the determinants of financial implications and organizational performance ? ». Are there competency links in CRM management tools ? A three-phase methodological design was developed: (1) a pre-survey of 21 executives, (2) an empirical study based on a sample of 306 professionals, (3) a discussion after analysis of the results, and A theory based on ART. The results show that to achieve organizational performance and so on, the organization must ensure that (a) managers get involved in CRM management tools, (b) users get involved in CRM, (c) adequate training is offered. From an empirical point of view, the results allow us to know the hitherto little-explored dimension of professional practice, particularly with regard to the involvement of managers and users. Finally, from a methodological point of view, this research is a development permit and a mechanism to study stakeholder involvement in the implementation of management tools over a long period in a way consistent with Epistemology Holistic of human action

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Albuquerque, Ives Manuel de Carvalho. "O sapato Ã um martelo: usos e apropriaÃÃes das novas tecnologias de informaÃÃo e comunicaÃÃo por professores da rede pÃblica de ensino." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2010. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5279.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de NÃvel Superior
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
Com o objetivo de analisar como os professores de escolas pÃblicas relacionam-se com as NTIC no seu cotidiano e quais as apropriaÃÃes que efetuam delas em sua aÃÃo educacional, foram aplicados vinte um (21) questionÃrios, com base nos quais foram selecionados e entrevistados treze (13) professores de duas escolas pÃblicas municipais, de Fortaleza e MaracanaÃ. A pesquisa nos mostrou que estes professores consideram que entre a sua geraÃÃo, quando adolescentes, e a geraÃÃo de seus alunos, ocorreram mudanÃas significativas estimuladas pelas novas tecnologias de informaÃÃo e comunicaÃÃo (TIC). Os professores identificam tambÃm que sua aÃÃo na escola Ã permeada por problemas, desde comportamentais a estruturais, e consideram as novas tecnologias como elementos influenciadores ou possibilitadores de muitos desses problemas. A tecnologia hoje assume uma dimensÃo constitutiva da sociedade contemporÃnea, definida por Martin-Barbero como "tecnicidade-mundo". Isto tensiona e ressignifica todos os espaÃos sociais, entre eles, a escola. Analisamos, porÃm, que a inserÃÃo dessas NTIC no espaÃo escolar nÃo se processa de maneira passiva, ordeira, sem ruÃdos, mas integra um intenso movimento de negociaÃÃo, rupturas, distanciamento e aproximaÃÃes que, positiva ou negativamente, tem potencial para provocar uma re-elaboraÃÃo do sistema escolar. Categorizamos as TIC pelo estabelecimento do que chamamos de experiÃncia sensÃrio-relacional com o sujeito comunicante, assim definimos quatro nÃveis de TIC: as presenciais; as teleativas; as interativas e as imersivas. Com base nesta definiÃÃo, identificamos que ocorriam profundas diferenÃas na inserÃÃo dessas TIC na vida dos professores, conforme se analisava o espaÃo da escola e fora dela. Identificamos, ainda, que as dinÃmicas desenvolvidas com essas novas tecnologias, articulam vÃrios modos de interaÃÃo entre professor e aluno, mesmo quando se trata da mesma TIC analisada. Isto evidencia que nÃo sÃo apenas os meios comunicacionais, os definidores da experiÃncia educacional que se desenvolve na sala de aula. A maneira como os professores entendem as possibilidades das NTIC, influencia nos sentidos e intensidades dos fluxos comunicativos em sala de aula. As condiÃÃes que permitem entender estas possibilidades dizem respeito diretamente Ã compreensÃo que os professores possuem das sociabilidades instauradas pelas NTIC na sociedade contemporÃnea, em paralelo com suas percepÃÃes sobre o sentido de escola e de educaÃÃo, podendo assim interiorizar, ou nÃo, essas novas formas de ser e de estar na sua prÃpria vida. Identificamos, portanto, dois modos de interaÃÃes em que os professores desenvolvem com as TIC: a interaÃÃo por apropriaÃÃo das TIC e a interaÃÃo por uso das TIC. Na interaÃÃo por apropriaÃÃo das NTIC, o professor percebe as mudanÃas instauradas pelas novas tecnologias como processos socializadores legÃtimos que reconfiguram tambÃm os processos educacionais e, portanto, tornam estas tecnologias prÃprias tambÃm de seu cotidiano escolar. No caso das interaÃÃes por uso das NTIC, os professores desenvolvem claramente um discurso funcionalista e tecnicista para o uso desses meios comunicacionais na sua prÃtica educacional, geralmente vinculados ao apelo imagÃtico que provocam nos alunos ou Ãs facilidades instrumentais que possibilitam no trato com o conteÃdo, sem explorar de modo mais amplo seus potenciais comunicativos.
Our objective here is to analyze how is the relationship of public school teachers with the New Technologies of Information and Communication (NTIC) in their daily activities and what do they retain from them in their educational efforts. To do so, we selected from the application of 21 questionaires, 13 teachers whom were interviewed. These teachers were from two municipality public schools in the cities of Fortaleza and MaracanaÃ. The research has shown that these teachers perceive a significant change between their generation and that of the adolescent students, because of the new informational and communications technologies. These teachers also identified that their efforts at school is permeated by behavioral and structural problems and they consider the new technologies as influencing or enabling factors for many of these problems. Technology, today, has a constitutive dimension in the contemporary society, defined by Martin-Barbero as the âworld-technicityâ. This makes social spaces, such as the school, tense and with new meanings. We also noted, however, that the insertion of these NTICs in the school space is not processed in a passive way, where order and silence would prevail. Instead it integrates itself in an intense negotiation movement, with ruptures, distances and closures that, good or bad, have the potential to provoke a new elaboration of the space of the school. We categorize the TICs by the establishment of what we call the sensuous-relational experience which happens with the communicating subject, and therefore we define four levels of TIC: present, teleactive, interactive and immersive. Based on this definition, as we analyzed the space of the school, inside and out of it, we identified that there were profound differences that occurred in the insertion of the TICs in the life of teachers. We also identified that the dynamics developed with these new technologies articulate several interaction ways between teacher and student, even when it comes to the TIC analyzed. We therefore were able to conclude that the communication media are not the only defining factors of the educational experience developed inside the classroom. The way teachers understand the possibilities of the NTIC influences the communication flows in different senses and intensities operating in the classroom. The conditions that allow us to understand these possibilities are directly related to the comprehension that the teachers have their social aspects molded by the NTICs in the contemporaneous society, besides their own perceptions of the school and of education, this way having a deep understanding or not of these new ways of being in their own lives. We therefore came to the conclusion that there are two ways of interactions that involve the teachers with the TIC: the interaction by appropriation of the TIC and that by the use of the TIC. When the teacher appropriates the NTIC, he or she can perceive the changes made by the new technologies and, therefore, make these technologies their own, and their schooling environmentâs also. In the case of interaction by use of the NTICs, teachers clearly develop a functionalist and technicist discourse for the use of these communications media in their educational practice, generally linked to the imagery appeal that they provoke in the students, or the instrumental enabling that they make possible in the content of studies, without exploring, in a broader way, their communicational possibilities.

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Harmelink, Daniel Nathan. "Mission and kenosis discovering, classifying and evaluating contemporary missiology's understandings of "mission" and its appropriation and use of the "self-emptying" of Christ in Philippians 2:7 /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.

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Rossi, Albane. "Un espace rural en pays d’openfield : appropriation et occupation du sol à Blandy-les-Tours (Seine-et-Marne), du XVIe au XIXe siècle." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCC031/document.

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Des travaux récents, inscrits dans un processus d’ouverture à la pluridisciplinarité, ont souligné que l’organisation des sociétés rurales ne peut plus être comprise sans prendre en compte leur relation à l’espace. Ces évolutions conduisent aujourd’hui à travailler sur la dimension spatiale des données extraites des sources historiques.Cette étude doctorale repose, en grande partie, sur la mise en parallèle de données textuelles et planimétriques, modernes et contemporaines, intégrées dans un système d’information géographique. Les documents concernés (un terrier de 1508 ; un autre terrier associé à un plan, tous deux datés du milieu du XVIIIe siècle ; le cadastre de 1845 avec son état de section de 1848), en inventoriant parcelles et tenanciers/propriétaires, ont en commun de présenter de nombreux renseignements sur l’organisation de l’espace rural. Ils décrivent cependant chacun une réalité en relation avec les structures sociales et économiques propres à la période dont ils sont issus.En choisissant de travailler à l’échelle micro- historique, c’est la pratique quotidienne et la perception des acteurs qui seront considérées ; le temps long permet, quant à lui, d’analyser les évolutions (permanences ou mutations) intervenues dans l’organisation de l’appropriation et de l’occupation du sol, entre le début du XVIe siècle et le milieu du XIXe siècle
Recent work, part of a process of opening up to multidisciplinarity, has underlined that the organisation of rural societies can no longer be understood without taking into account their relationship to space. These developments are now leading to work on the spatial dimension of data extracted from historical sources.This doctoral study is based, in large part, on the parallel use of modern and contemporary textual and planimetric data, integrated into a geographical information system. The documents concerned (a terrier of 1508; another terrier associated with a plan, both dating from the middle of the 18th century; the 1845 land register with its 1848 section status), by listing parcels and tenant/owners, have in common that they present a great deal of information on the organisation of rural areas. However, they each describe a reality in relation to the social and economic structures specific to the period from which they emerged.By choosing to work on a micro-historical scale, it is the daily practice and perception of the actors that will be considered; the long time allows, for its part, to analyse the evolutions (permanences or mutations) that occurred in the organisation of land appropriation and occupation between the beginning of the 16th century and the middle of the 19th century

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Pereira, Francisca Eudeilane da Silva. "As apropriações e os usos de resultados obtidos na avaliação Saethe como instrumento pedagógico: um diálogo com professores alfabetizadores da rede municipal de Teresina." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/6028.

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A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado Profissional em Gestão e Avaliação da Educação (PPGP) do Centro de Políticas Públicas e Avaliação da Educação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (CAEd/UFJF). O caso de gestão discute a temática da apropriação de resultados das avaliações externas, realizada pelo Sistema de Avaliação Educacional de Teresina (SAETHE), investigando de que modo os professores Alfabetizadores da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Teresina poderiam aprimorar suas práticas pedagógicas, utilizando os resultados da avaliação SAETHE. Como aporte teórico, utilizamos principalmente Lück (2012), Vianna (2005), Libâneo (2008, 2012), Klein (2011), Horta Neto (2010), Oliveira e Rocha (2007), Fontanive (2011), Soligo (2010), que falam sobre avaliação, e Soares (2001, 2004, 2009, 2016), no eixo da alfabetização. Os objetivos específicos são: discutir a percepção e a compreensão dos sujeitos sobre prática pedagógica e currículo e analisar o papel, a contribuição e os desafios da apropriação de resultados das avaliações externas como ferramenta pedagógica no ciclo de alfabetização. Assumimos como hipóteses que professores do ciclo de alfabetização da Rede de Teresina não se apropriam ou fazem uso das informações geradas pela avaliação externa em prol da elevação da proficiência dos alunos. Para tanto, utilizamos como metodologia a pesquisa qualitativa e, como instrumentos, grupos focais e questionários. Conforme verificamos, esta hipótese foi confirmada por meio da análise dos dados coletados, mas há ainda outros problemas que foram detectados, tais como: (i) falta de uma proposta curricular única de trabalho em alfabetização que considere o letramento como parte do processo; (ii) falta de clareza por parte de grande parte dos professores em relação ao trabalho em ciclo; (iii) falta de uma proposta de formação para coordenadores Pedagógicos com ênfase na apropriação pedagógica de resultados de avaliações externas; (iv) necessidade de os superintendentes Escolares atuarem mais junto aos gestores escolares, de modo a conhecerem as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos professores alfabetizadores; (v) falta de discussão coletiva sobre avaliações externas, que envolva diretores, coordenadores e professores do ciclo de alfabetização; (vi) ausência de conhecimento sobre as finalidades de avaliações internas e externas; (vii) compreensão de que matriz de habilidades é currículo proposto. Propomos, dessa forma, um plano de ação, que visa principalmente à elaboração de uma proposta curricular para a Rede Municipal de Teresina.
This work was developed on the Professional Master in Management and Education Evaluation from the Center for Public Policies and Education Evaluation on the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (CAEd / UFJF). The management case presented here discusses the appropriation of external evaluation results by Teresina Educational Evaluation System (SAETHE), investigating how the Literacy teachers from Teresina Educational System could improve their pedagogical practices from SAETHE evaluation results. For the theoretical support, we use mainly Lück (2012), Vianna (2005), Libâneo (2008, 2012), Klein (2011), Horta Neto (2010), Oliveira e Rocha (2007), Fontanive (2011), and Soligo (2010), about evaluation, and Soares (2001, 2004, 2009, 2016), about literacy.The specific aims are: discussing the individuals’ perception and understanding about pedagogical practice and curriculum, and analyzing the role, the contribution and the challenges on the appropriation of the external evaluations results as a pedagogical tool in the literacy cycle. Our hypothesis is that teachers from Teresina educational system, who work with literacy cycle, do not appropriate or use the information generated by the external evaluation in order to increase the students' proficiency. Thus, we used as methodology the qualitative research, and as instruments the focus groups and questionnaires. As we noted, this hypothesis was confirmed by analyzing the collected data, but there are other problems that have been detected, such as: (i) lack of a single curriculum proposal; (ii) lack of a large number of teachers’ conscience about the work in cycle; (iii) lack of a training proposal for Pedagogical coordinators with emphasis on the pedagogical appropriation of external evaluation results; (iv) school superintendents to work more closely with school administrators in order to know the difficulties faced by the literacy teachers; (v) lack of a collective discussion about external evaluations, involving principals, coordinators and teachers from the literacy cycle; (vi) lack of knowledge about the purposes of internal and external evaluations; (vii) understanding about the idea that the skill matrix is proposed curriculum. We propose, therefore, an action plan, which mainly aims at the elaboration of a curricular proposal for the public schools from Teresina.

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Kochbati, Latifa. "Les usages sociaux du téléphone mobile et du réseau social Facebook par des étudiants tunisiens : cas d'étude (avant, pendant et après la révolution en Tunisie)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0603.

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Nos travaux se situent dans le cadre des recherches en Sciences de l’Information et de la Communication et étudient l’utilisation des outils et des médias de communication numérique, en particulier le téléphone mobile et le réseau social facebook qui sont très utilisés dans le milieu de la jeunesse tunisienne. De plus en plus enracinés dans les pratiques des jeunes, l’imaginaire collectif et les mentalités, les usages sociaux du téléphone mobile et du réseau social facebook ont favorisé l’échange d’expérience, de savoir et d’information et se sont infiltrés dans les différentes sphères de la vie sociale. Il s’agit, pour ces jeunes, non seulement de s’approprier ces outils de communication mais également de faire de ces médias des territoires où sont expérimentés d’autres cultures et où se créent de nouveaux modèles d’engagement politique. Nous étudions, dans une perspective dynamique, la montée en puissance et la propagation de l’utilisation de ces technologies par la jeunesse estudiantine tunisienne tout en mettant l’accent sur le caractère évolutif et distinctif de trois phases (avant, pendant et après la révolution tunisienne) au cours desquelles se déploient les pratiques culturelles, communicationnelles et informationnelles des étudiants tunisiens
Our works are in the context of researching in Information Sciences, Communication and investigating the use of tools and digital communications media, especially the phone mobility and the social networking as Facebook, which are widely used in the middle Tunisian youth. Increasingly rooted in the practices of young people, the collective imagination and mentalities, the social uses of mobile phone and social networking like facebook facilitated the exchange of experience, knowledge and information and have infiltrated the different spheres of social life. It is for these young people, not only to capture these communication tools but also to make these territories where media are experienced other cultures and where to create new models of political commitment. We study, in a dynamic perspective, the rise and spread the use of these technologies by the Tunisian student, youth while focusing on the evolving and distinctive character of three phases (before, during and after the revolution Tunisia) during which unfold cultural, communication and information practices of Tunisian students

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Kwarteng, Ishmael Adinya. "OUR EXISTENCE MATTER : EXPERIENCES AND BELONGING OF URBAN SPACE FROM STREET HAWKERS PERSPECTIVE-A CASE STUDY OF LA-NKWANTANANG MADINA MUNICIPAL AREA." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-182439.

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The study examines the experiences of street hawkers and contributes to the current but less represented debate on hawkers’ ways of appropriating the urban space through space modification and codification that serve greatly their capitalist purposes and how those daily activities influence their sense of belonging to the urban public space. The hawkers in the study area; La- Nkwantanang-Madina Area, Ghana show some social concerns in their informal day-to-day street activities that account for some of the relocation issues that render the repressive measures of city authorities futile. In understanding the space appropriation and sense of belonging from the hawker’s perspective, the study introduces the concept of “right to the city” for which the purpose of this study conceptualizes it as “the right to the street” so it can better attend to the experiences of place and sense of belonging by the hawkers, the informality concept and the urban citizenship. The study uses qualitative approach which included methods; participant observation, in-depth interviews and Focus group discussion to help unearth some of the issues that contribute to the debate. The research finds that although the space contestations between the street hawkers and city officials still lingers on, the hawkers are able to successfully reproduce their belonging to the urban streets through exchange value of space and the diversification of urban streets which forms part of the urban fabric without dominating the streets to obstruct the use value for other urban dwellers.

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Querido, Paula Helena de Andrade. "Os usos dos resultados das avaliações externas por escolas na proposição de ações de melhoria." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/19302.

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This paper presents the result of a study carried out from performance results from different external evaluations, SARESP and ENEM, between 2012 and 2014, 14 schools in the SESI-SP school system and how they use the results from the action proposition improving education offered by their schools. From the rescue of the trajectory of educational evaluation SESI-SP school system and uses of external evaluations undertaken by different levels of education basic system, it was sought to understand how the schools organize, realize and articulate the results of external evaluations with their educational projects, in the case of the system, are expressed in the Plan School Management. The built dialogue between the research analysis objects, the results of external evaluations and the Management Plan School, has revealed the challenges that the school management has in relation to external evaluation as a subsidy to support the school's actions, and thus, delineating their own ways to overcome their problems. The analyzes were guided by studies from educational assessment area, particularly the challenges and implications of the external evaluations results for the organization and school work dynamics and technical materials of the evaluation systems
Este trabalho apresenta o resultado de um estudo realizado a partir dos resultados de desempenho obtidos em diferentes avaliações externas, SARESP e ENEM, no período 2012 e 2014, de 14 escolas da rede escolar SESI-SP e de como utilizam os seus resultados na proposição de ações de melhoria da educação oferecida por suas escolas. Partindo do resgate da trajetória da avaliação educacional da rede escolar SESI-SP e dos usos das avaliações externas empreendidos pelas diferentes instâncias da educação básica da rede, buscou-se compreender como as escolas, organizam, realizam e articulam os resultados das avaliações externas com os seus projetos educacionais, que no caso da rede, são expressos no Plano de Gestão Escolar. O diálogo construído entre os objetos de análise da pesquisa, os resultados das avaliações externas e o Plano de Gestão Escolar, revelou os desafios que a gestão escolar apresenta em relação à avaliação externa como subsídio para dar suporte às ações da escola, e assim, delinear caminhos próprios para a superação de seus problemas. As análises foram pautadas em estudos da área da avaliação educacional, particularmente aos desafios e implicações dos resultados de avaliações externas para a organização e dinâmica do trabalho escolar e de materiais técnicos dos sistemas de avaliação

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Freitas, Camila Corrêa e. Silva de. "Divulgar a biografia de um santo: os usos e as apropriações da figura de José de Anchieta no Brasil e na Europa (século XVII)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-02082017-113910/.

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Pouco após a morte do jesuíta José de Anchieta, em 1597, na província brasileira da Companhia de Jesus, e durante todo o século seguinte, muitas biografias de caráter hagiográfico sobre o padre foram escritas e publicadas por jesuítas, no Brasil e na Europa. Em paralelo, um processo eclesiástico foi aberto na Santa Sé em princípios do Seiscentos com o fim de canonizar o religioso. A iniciativa partiu dos companheiros do Brasil, e recebeu grande apoio da Cúria Geral da Ordem. Esta, desde a década de 1580, se dedicava a propagar, interna e externamente, uma determinada memória institucional e uma identidade jesuítica comum, representada pelos santos, beatos e membros considerados mais notáveis da Companhia, como José de Anchieta. No presente trabalho, procuramos investigar as principais razões que mobilizaram tanto a Cúria romana da Ordem, quanto jesuítas que viviam em contextos missionários tão distintos, no Novo e no Velho Mundo, a se apropriarem da figura de Anchieta, divulgarem discursos sobre a sua vida e santidade e promoverem a sua canonização. Acreditamos que este estudo oferece uma nova interpretação sobre os sentidos atribuídos e os usos feitos dos discursos hagiográficos produzidos entre 1598 e 1677 sobre José de Anchieta. Tanto no contexto luso-brasileiro quanto em contextos locais na Europa, as biografias devotas do jesuíta foram dotadas de diversos significados políticos e religiosos, e utilizadas para fins que ultrapassavam o seu propósito ordinário de edificação espiritual e religiosa.
Shortly after the death of the jesuit José de Anchieta in 1597 in the brazilian province of the Society of Jesus, and throughout the following century, many biographies of a hagiographic character about the priest were written and published by jesuits in Brazil and Europe. In parallel, an ecclesiastical process was opened in the Holy See in the early seventeenth century in order to canonize the religious. The initiative came from the companions of Brazil, and received great support from the General Curia of the Order. Since the 1580s, the Curia has been dedicated to propagate, internally and externally, a certain institutional memory and a common jesuit identity, represented by the saints, blessed and members of the Company considered most remarkable, such as José de Anchieta. In the present work, we seek to investigate the main reasons that mobilized both the Roman Curia of the Order and jesuits living in such different missionary contexts, in the New and Old World, to appropriate the figure of Anchieta, to make speeches about his life and holiness and to promote his canonization. We believe that this study offers a new interpretation on the attributed meanings and uses made of the hagiographic discourses produced between 1598 and 1677 about José de Anchieta. Both in the portuguese and brazilian context and in local contexts in Europe, the devout biographies of the jesuit were endowed with various political and religious meanings and were used for purposes that went beyond their ordinary purpose of spiritual and religious edification.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Uses and Appropriation'

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