Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ustrój'
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Jankowska, Renata. "Prezydent Francji jako współksiążę Andory. Wymiar instytucjonalny i symboliczny." Doctoral thesis, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/6079.
Full textŁaziński, Piotr. "Procedura modelowania obiektów rzeczywistych w postaci pewnego typu konstrukcji mostowych." Rozprawa doktorska, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, 2009. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=607.
Full textŁaziński, Piotr. "Procedura modelowania obiektów rzeczywistych w postaci pewnego typu konstrukcji mostowych." Rozprawa doktorska, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, 2009. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=607.
Full textGąska, Damian. "Model research of load-carrying crane structures and hoist load dynamics in the context of regular and chaotic vibrations." Praca habilitacyjna, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, 2019. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=73325.
Full textChytil, Pavel. "Detekce nemocí pomocí analýzy hlasu." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233419.
Full textSadłowski, Michał. "Geneza, ustrój i orzecznictwo Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego do 1989 r." Doctoral thesis, 2020. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3701.
Full textThis work focuses on the genesis, system and jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court (hereinafter: the SAC) until 1989, and is related to the following research topics: 1) reasons for not establishing an administrative judiciary in the Polish state immediately after the end of World War II; 2) why, at the turn of 1979/1980, the then authorities of the Polish People's Republic (hereinafter: the Polish People's Republic) agreed and committed themselves to the establishment of a single-instance administrative judiciary, i.e. the SAC; 3) the course of work on the establishment of the SAC; 4) the organizational nature and functioning of the SAC; 5) the role of the SAC in the legal system of the Polish People's Republic; 6) impact of the jurisprudence of the SAC on the scope of legal protection. Contemporary literature on the topic has not yet discussed the aforementioned research problems in detail. Conversely, there is no absence of work created before 1989, as the issue of administrative judiciary, especially since the establishment of the SAC, has been one of the most discussed legal issues. However, at that time, due to censorship, a lack of access to archives, as well as the political and party involvement of many authors, the vast majority of the publications of that time do not present the full origin and significance of the administrative judiciary in the political system of the Polish People's Republic as seen today. The paper consists of five chapters, not counting the introduction, the conclusion and the list of sources and references: Administrative Judiciary in Poland until 1939. (Chapter I), The Issue of Administrative Courts in Poland in the Years 1944-1980 (Chapter II), The Issue of Administrative Courts in the Soviet State and Other European Socialist Countries (Chapter III), The Supreme Administrative Court in the Years 1980-1989 (Chapter IV) and The Jurisprudence of the Supreme Administrative Court in the Years 1980-1989 (Chapter V). The genesis of the administrative judiciary established in the Polish state at the beginning of the 1980s has been broadly described in the paper. As it covers the following period: from the fall of the First Polish Republic and partitions; the Second Polish Republic, including the functioning of the Supreme Administrative Tribunal (hereinafter: the SAT); after World War II. The reason for the adoption of such a structure of the work is the presentation of mechanisms of judicial review of the administration since the period of the partitions, as they had a lasting impact on the functioning of judicial and administrative control in Poland. Such judiciary, before the outbreak of World War I, functioned in the Prussian and Austrian partition. In the Second Polish Republic, the activities of the judiciary were regulated by the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 17 March 1921 and the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 23 April 1935. This resulted in the establishment of the SAT that existed in the years 1922- 1939. The experience and tradition of the SAT, in turn, influenced discussions about the administrative judiciary in the Polish state after 1944, especially when the SAC was established. The first chapter of the paper concerns the issue of the administrative judiciary in the First Polish Republic until the fall of the Polish state in 1939. The next chapter of the work discusses the issues of the administrative judiciary in Poland from 1944 to 1980, i.e. from the time when the so-called People Power was formed, to the establishment of the SAC. First of all, this chapter focuses on the issue of judicial review over administrative decisions in the context of the then state (constitutional) law, followed by a detailed presentation of attempts to establish SAT in post-war conditions. The next part of the chapter examines the issue of the administrative judiciary in the Polish People's Republic after 1956. Therefore, the concepts of establishing a judicial review of administration in the context of the functioning of the administration in the socialist state were discussed. The last part of the chapter concerns the legislative work of the Sejm of the Polish People's Republic of the 7th term (1976-1980), which concerned the amendment of the Code of Administrative Procedure and the establishment of the SAC. Chapter III is devoted to the issues of the administrative judiciary in the Soviet state and other European socialist countries. Its inclusion in the work resulted, inter alia, from the fact that after 1944, the Polish state system was modelled on that of the Soviet system. It should be noted that the various forms and mechanisms of judicial review of administrative decisions that existed in the USSR or other European socialist countries were an argument in favor of establishing administrative courts in the Polish People's Republic. Chapter IV concerns the structural organization of the SAC in the years 1980-1989. It discusses issues such as the SAC system, proceedings before the SAC, the political role of the SAC in relation to the main state authorities of the Polish People's Republic, the role of the SAC in relation to the Constitutional Tribunal, the State Tribunal and the Commissioner for Human Rights. The last chapter is devoted to issues related to the jurisprudence of the SAC in 1980-1989. It contains a general description of the jurisprudence, together with the number of complaints filed with the SAC and an analysis of the jurisprudence in terms of its impact on the standards of administrative proceedings, administrative court proceedings, and the degree of the legal protection of Polish citizens. The caesura of the subject matter dealt with in the work is defined by the year 1989. This is related to the assumption that with the beginning of the then political changes in the Polish state, also the concept and political role of the administrative judiciary has transformed. The SAC was established and functioned until 1989, i.e. under the conditions of the socialist state system, in which the courts were part of the concept of single state authority. As a result, the courts were subordinate to the supreme state authorities and political factors. After 1989, the SAC, and the administrative judiciary, changed its role, becoming a fundamental element in the existence and functioning of a democratic state of law. Therefore, the fate of the SAC after 1989 requires a separate study.
Zaroda-Dąbrowska, Anna. "Ustrój samorządowy miasta Nowego Sącza w latach 1866-1918 : model normatywny a praktyka ustrojowa." Praca doktorska, 2010. http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/38325.
Full textBober, Sergiusz. "Doktrynalne źródła argentyńskiego ustroju federalnego." Praca doktorska, 2010. http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/41597.
Full textNelken, Stanisław. "Koncepcje i rozwiązania ustroju samorządu miasta stołecznego Warszawy w latach 1990-2002." Doctoral thesis, 2014.
Find full textThe dissertation consists of six chapters :1. Shaping the Warsaw self-government system since restoring of the independence in 1918 to the law on the Warsaw system of 15 March 20022. The ideas and the process of creating solutions to self-government of the city of Warsaw in the years 1990-20023. Tasks and scope of work of the local government of the City of Warsaw in the proposals and legislative acts in the years 1990-20024. The structure and operation scope of the authorities of the City of Warsaw5. The structure and competences of the authorities of the Capital City's components6. Functionality of the solutions in three Warsaw acts: the system of a local government unit, the division of tasks and responsibilities and the organization of local government.The aim of this dissertation is to present solutions regulating the system and the organization of local government in Warsaw under separate legislative acts adopted in the years 1990-2002 , their origins and the course of the legislative process and the reasons for the introduction of a system not found in other cities in Poland. It also shows: different ideas about the shape of the Warsaw system and the size of the City, reasons to introduce a different system than the binding one at a given time and ideas to improve the structure of municipal bodies and different models of the division of activities between the City and its component parts. Moreover, the aim of this dissertation is to present the conceptions contained in the bills . They had a significant impact on the assessment of the solutions contained in the laws regulating the system of local government in Warsaw , but above all they show the desire to create an efficient and effective functioning of the Capital City which is an organism of diverse urban spatial structure, socially and economically. In addition, it reflects on clashing of the two main visions of the Warsaw system : centralized (municipality divided into districts ) and decentralized one (association of districts - municipalities or communes in Warsaw). In addition, the intention of this paper is to describe the process of change in the system of Warsaw, which included the transition from decentralized to a centralized system and the related consequences in the position and role of the City and its components.The scope of this dissertation comes down first to the system expressed in the so-called Warsaw acts: law on the Capital City local government system of 18 May 1990, the law on the Warsaw system of 25 March 1994 and of 15 March 2002. The system model passed in the act defined or still does : the scope of activities and tasks of the city and the city's internal division units , structures and powers of the executive bodies of the city and its components. Thus, to specify the rules for the organization and functioning of local government in Warsaw on city-wide and local levels. Additionally, it gives an opportunity to describe and analyze solutions proving the autonomy and specificity of the Warsaw system. The scope of this dissertation also covers the ideas and concepts of the city's system contained in the bills, which concerned the elimination of faulty solutions and improving the city's activities in a decentralized system of Warsaw or replacing it with a new one ( eg. a municipality divided into districts ). In addition, the bills make it easier to present the advantages and disadvantages of the centralized and decentralized system of Warsaw , as well as trends in the formation of the Warsaw local government system. In addition, it allows the assessment of the solutions contained in the Warsaw acts and their impact on the functioning of the city in areas such as division of competences and tasks, organizational structure of municipal bodies , number of councillors , elements of the city's income, components of municipal property or system position of the components of the city.
Więckiewicz, Rafał. "Instytucje społeczeństwa obywatelskiego w polskim dyskursie konstytucyjnym po 1989 roku." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3437.
Full textThis dissertation concentrates on the constitutional discourse after 1989, treating it in the broader context of the functioning of the socio-political system. Not only in legal terms but through showing the main relations between the issues raised by the social and political situation. Thus, the dissertation is part of a wider debate on Polish constitutional solutions. The proposed approach seems to be necessary for making a full analysis of the issues covered in this dissertation. At the same time, it responds to the most important challenges that the political system is facing right now from the point of view of political science. In this sense, the subject of the research is a set of elements that make up civil society, which in turn is part of an even wider entity recognized as the political system of the state. The relations between these elements, their impact on each other, as well as their surroundings are examined. The purpose of this work is not to describe the civil society in Poland in full, nor to assess the level of its development. The author tries to explain the evolution of the constitutional discourse on civil society and indicates the main elements distinguishing its individual periods. Thus, the period of constitutional provisional of 1989-1997 and time of work on the Constitution of the Republic of Poland were treated separately. These considerations are supplemented by the analysis of key provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland regarding civil society and its institutions.The dissertation is looking for answers to a number of research questions that will ultimately enable us to present the constitutional model of civil society in Poland. It is particularly important here to determine what position civil society took in the constitutional discourse after 1989, and what role its institutions played in this process: 1. How did the constitutional discourse on the mechanisms and institutions of civil society evolved after 1989? 2. Did the program assumptions of the opposition of the democratic period of the Polish People's Republic regarding the objectification of society were reflected in the constitutional discourse of the 1990s? 3. What role did real civil society play, which should be referred to the practice of functioning of the political system and civic participation in the process of preparing and adopting the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997? 4. Did the process of work on the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and the manner of its adoption expressed the idea of a civil society? 5. Did the constitutional order of 1989-1997 form the basis for the development of civil society? 6. In spite of the lack of direct constitutionalization of civil society, can the principles of civil society be indicated among the systemic principles of the Republic of Poland? 7. What model of civil society was formed during the political transformation (before 1997) and in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland? 8. Can the constitutional order after 1989 refer to the classic concepts of citizenship (republican and liberal) in the field of civil society? Finding answers to the above questions was aimed at verification, confirmation or falsification of the main research hypothesis of this dissertation: The Polish constitutional order after 1989 reflects the eclectic model of civil society, which combines republican and liberal traditions. The republican model emphasizes the communal dimension of citizenship, placing the state before the individual and seeing in him the possibility of full implementation by a man of his civic vocation. In liberal terms, civil society becomes a sphere of individual rights and freedoms of the individual protected by law.
Łaszewski, Maksym. "Czasowo-przestrzenne zróżnicowanie ustroju termicznego nizinnych rzek Mazowsza." Doctoral thesis, 2018. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/2659.
Full textSummary: The thermal regime plays a fundamental role in the functioning of the lotic environment; maximum temperature determines the boundaries of the occurrence of fish species and invertebrates, seasonal and diurnal water temperature variations affect their bioenergetics and the rate of physiological processes, while the timing of specific water temperature values during the year is important in the context of spawning and migrations. Despite the ecological significance of water temperature, stream thermal regime was a rarely discussed research topic in Polish hydrological literature. The purpose of this dissertation was thus focused on determining the spatiotemporal differentiation of selected features of the thermal regime of lowland streams. The research area covered the catchments of four rivers flowing around Warsaw: the Jeziorka, Rządza, Świder, and Utrata rivers. Empirical data was obtained from the field experiment conducted using digital water temperature recorders; it consisted of three independent stages characterized by a different time and spatial range. Long-term temperature monitoring (05.2015 – 10.2017) covered 9 points located in the four mentioned catchments, while in 2016 and 2017 summer half-year measurements were additionally carried out in 8 points located in the longitudinal profile of the Świder and Utrata rivers, as well as in 15 small tributaries of the Świder River. On the basis of the measurement data, thermal parameters were calculated, having both statistical (measures of magnitude and variability) and ecological justification (duration of optimal water temperature for coldwater and warmwater fish guilds). The similarity of points in terms of thermal parameters was determined using cluster analysis (Ward method) and statistical tests. Also, the relative frequency of daily water temperature extremes timing was calculated, as well as linear and logistic regression models, which related the mean daily, weekly, and monthly water temperature values with relevant air temperature values. The use of multiple regression models made it possible to determine the relationships between thermal parameters and landscape metrics, which were calculated on the basis of digital hydrographic map, DEM SRTM, CLC 2012 land cover map, and orthophotomap. The results indicated that seasonally, the lowest temperature values of lowland rivers occur in January, while the highest in the summer, from June to August. The largest daily temperature fluctuations are observed in the summer half-year, mainly in May and June, while the lowest in the winter half-year, with a minimum in January. In the diurnal timescale water temperature has a clear sinusoidal pattern, reaching minimum values in the morning, usually from 6:00 to 10:00, while the maximum values in the afternoon, from 14:00 to 18:00. In catchments covered by the long-term monitoring of water temperature, the differentiation of thermal parameters was statistically insignificant, and the main reason for thermal contrasts was human activity. In the case of small tributaries of the Świder River, statistical analysis allowed for the distinguishing of two main groups, characterized by different variability of water temperature. In such catchments thermal parameters were statistically significantly related with the catchment area and its slope, channel shading, and the width:depth ratio. Landscape metrics and anthropopressure were also the reason for the variability of the fit quality and regression parameters of linear and logistic models. Finally, it was shown that the studied rivers are characterized by favorable thermal conditions for both warmwater and coldwater fish guilds. The conclusions presented in the dissertation, in addition to expanding the theoretical knowledge regarding the thermal conditions of lowland rivers, are considered as valuable material for fisheries managers and environmental protection institutions.
Astapenia, Ryhor. "Tożsamość międzynarodowa Białorusi." Doctoral thesis, 2018. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3037.
Full textThe aim of the study is to define the international identity of Belarus, as well as to specify and articulate its interests in international relations.The work consists of five chapters. The first chapter, a theoretical one, is devoted to the definition of international identity and the specifics of the identity of Eastern European countries. In the second chapter, the author deals with the civilizational and ideological conditions of the identity of Belarus. The analysis covers historical heritage, geographic and geopolitical conditions, the demographic component and the religious specificity of Belarus. The third chapter deals with attributes of subjectivity of Belarus: rank in the international arena, political system, military component and economic condition. In the fourth chapter, the author discusses the determinants of Belarusian national interests, analyzes the Belarusian discourse on the interests of the state and diagnoses Belarus's interests in the international arena. The fifth chapter deals with the characteristics of the most important vectors of Belarusian foreign policy: relations with the Russian Federation, attempts to maintain ties with the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, search for a model of relations with the West, a difficult Belarusian-Polish neighborhood, looking for distant partners in the world, attempts to get closer to China and activities of Belarus in international organizations.The doctoral dissertation has three basic hypotheses. First of all, Belarus is a country on the border of civilizations. Secondly, such attributes as the political system, state of the economy and the military force Belarus to shape a different international identity than that existed within 25 years of the declaration of independence, and a significant part of national interests is changed by to the interests of the rulers and Alexander Lukashenka personally. Thirdly, it should be noted that in the international arena, Belarus strives to have more independent foreign policy, which is particularly evident in the examples of relations with Russia and the West.
Kołodziejski, Konrad. "Od autorytaryzmu do autorytaryzmu. Ideowa i ustrojowa geneza współczesnego państwa rosyjskiego." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/3463.
Full textThe subject of the work is legal and constitutional transformations occurring in modern Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The work consists of five chapters, presenting successive stages of shaping the political system of the modern Russian state in chronological order. The first chapter discusses the constitutional origins of the modern Russian state. The analysis includes the process of emancipation of the RSFSR authorities and the conversion of this federal republic into an independent state. This process is presented in terms of the legal and constitutional dualism on the Russian territory, that existed until the dissolution of the Soviet Union and issues related to the acquisition of control over the structures of the Soviet state by the authorities of sovereign Russia. A large part of the chapter was devoted to the establishment of new institutions, especially the appointment of the office of the president of Russia and the new territorial structure of the country. The second chapter is devoted to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted in 1993. Due to the dominant position of the president, the chapter focuses was mainly on discussing his constitutional position and on the relationship between the head of state and other centers of power, especially the regional authorities. Chapter three covers the period of the presidency of Boris Yeltsin from the entry into force of the constitution until the resignation of the president on December 31st, 1999. During that time in Russia, a failed attempt to build a liberal democracy was made. The conflict between the president and the communist opposition in the State Duma as well as unpopular economic reforms led to a serious weakening of the presidential power. The chapter outlines the course of the conflict and its consequences for the state. The most important was disperses of the power and the creation of informal structures centered around the former nomenclature, oligarchs and regional leaders. Chapter four is devoted to the first Vladimir Putin’s two presidential terms. This part of the work starts with a presentation of a strong power program announced by Putin after his election victory in 2000. The practical implementation of this program was the political reforms in Russia, discussed in detail based on the legislative acts from this period. The analysis of the reforms was carried out primarily in terms of the process of strengthening the power and re-centralizing of the state. The particular reforms: political, administrative, economic, military and security force structures were described in the following sections. The chapter covers also the process of taking over the control by the presidential camp over the resources and state institutions, that are essential to maintaining power. Chapter five presents the power system built by Vladimir Putin after his return to the president's office in 2012. It discusses the successive stages of Russia's legal and political evolution, which has occurred in response to the deteriorating policy and economic situation. Important elements of this evolution were m.in. further changes to electoral legislation, including the restoration of direct elections of governors and the subsequent modification of the relationship between the central authority and the regions. The remainder of the chapter is devoted to the development of the mature Russian authoritarianism and the problem of respect for civil rights. Much attention has been paid to the process of progressive personalization of power and the increase in the importance of military and security structures. It also covers and analyses normative acts limiting freedom of expression including legislation introducing new stricter rules for use of the Internet in Russia. The chapter ends with the presentation of the sources and the main assumptions of the so-called conservative return – an ideology adopted by the power camp after Putin's return to the presidential office. The work concludes with conclusions justifying the thesis of the authoritarian direction of legal and systemic evolution in Russia. It also presents the synthetic characteristics of the regime of the Russian Federation, which in its present form has all the most important features allowing it to be counted as contemporary type of authoritarianism, described in the literature as competitive authoritarianism.
HUNG, HUI-SHIH, and 洪惠詩. "Exploring the Effectiveness of Using E-learning Systems for Healthcare Workers." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ustr79.
Full text靜宜大學
資訊應用與科技管理碩士在職專班
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Medical staff is an important component to the hospital operation; it takes dedication and training to achieve certain level of professionalism and know-how. With the increasing difficulties in health care environment such as consumerism (e.g. consent form), medical conflict (such as the death of child caused by vaccine), and tougher health insurance system (reduced imbursement by the national health insurance), medical staff requires to regularly renew license and certificate through attending conferences or educational sessions after work to enhance the service quality. However, the effectiveness of learning was minimized due to the lack of concentration exhaustion from work. The main purpose of implementing education and training is to obtain learning results, to help medical staff improve their knowledge, skills and abilities, to promote organizational performance. Therefore, it is very important to measure employee learning outcomes. Education and training have an impact on learning outcomes. Nowadays, digital learning system becomes a more and more important learning tool; however, little research is yet to be done on the strategic planning, learning material, quality monitor, effectiveness analysis and the cause analysis on the factors that influence digital learning. This research is designed to understand the acceptance of digital learning among medical staff, to identify the effectiveness of digital learning, and to recognize factors that influence digital learning. The research is based on technology acceptance mode. We collect data by questionnaire, and analyze those data by structural equation model to identify factors that affect learning effectiveness. All the efforts are used as a reference for health care organization to plan for a more effective digital learning system. Furthermore, the results also help identifying solutions to improve the learning effectiveness among medical staff.
Gofron, Paweł. "Relacje wojewodów krakowskich z samorządem miasta Krakowa w latach 1990-1998." Praca doktorska, 2020. http://bc.upjp2.edu.pl/Content/5020.
Full textGacoń, Izabela. "Zależność między występowaniem chorób ogólnoustrojowych oraz higieną jamy ustnej a bezobjawową klinicznie grzybicą jamy ustnej u pacjentów stosujących ruchome uzupełnienia protetyczne." Praca doktorska, 2021. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/278605.
Full textSzwast, Michał. "Prawo do odpowiedniego ukształtowania ustroju i pozycji organów wymiaru sprawiedliwości." Doctoral thesis, 2017. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/2302.
Full textPradelok, Stefan. "Przyczyny pękania węzłów kratowego ustroju nośnego pewnego typu mostu kolejowego." Rozprawa doktorska, 2004. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=3555.
Full textPradelok, Stefan. "Przyczyny pękania węzłów kratowego ustroju nośnego pewnego typu mostu kolejowego." Rozprawa doktorska, 2004. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=3555.
Full textPondel, Gaweł. "Konstytucyjna zasada suwerenności parlamentu w ustroju Zjednoczonego Królestwa Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii Północnej." Praca doktorska, 2011. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/54390.
Full textGodlewska, Urszula. "Antybakteryjna rola chemeryny i jej bioaktywnych pochodnych w nabłonkach jamy ustnej i skóry." Praca doktorska, 2020. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/279692.
Full textThe epithelium provides an important, first line of defense against pathogens. Epithelial tissue is equipped with many endogenous proteins and peptides, that play a central role in controlling the microbiome and maintaining the homeostasis of the body's barrier sites. These include chemerin, a multifunctional protein associated with inflammation, that likely facilitates protective epithelial barrier function, through acting as an antimicrobial agent and a leukocyte chemoattractant. Chemerin-derived synthetic peptide 4 (p4), that corresponds to internal $Val^{66}-Pro^{85}$ chemerin sequence demonstrates a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The main goal of this study was to examine the role of chemerin and its bioactive derivatives in limiting the growth of bacteria that inhabit the epithelial tissues, and to characterize the mechanisms underlying the sensitivity/resistance of bacteria to chemerin-derived peptides. First, we set to determine a role of chemerin and a chemerin-derived antimicrobial peptide p4 in oral cavity. Peptide p4 was found to act as an antimicrobial agent against a defined spectrum of bacteria, strategically positioned in dental biofilm, like F. nucleatum. These bacteria enable the typical periodontal pathogens to colonize the oral cavity. Through inhibition of the growth of F. nucleatum, chemerin and p4 may help to maintain a healthy balance in the oral microbiota. Moreover, chemerin from gingival crevicular fluids of patients with gingivitis was capable of inducing receptor-dependent leukocyte migration, suggesting its indirect influence on shaping the oral microbiota through a recruitment of immune cells. In this study we also demonstrated that chemerin can modulate the composition, diversity and abundance of skin microbiome due to its differential antimicrobial activity against selected cutaneous bacteria. Although chemerin and p4 shared a similar pattern of antimicrobial activity against skin microbes, p4 displayed higher bactericidal potential, comparing to chemerin. Furthermore, in cytotoxicity experiments performed on keratinocytes and erythrocytes, we showed that p4 is relatively safe to host cells. These data suggest that p4 may be a therapeutic antimicrobial agent in barrier sites. To better understand strain-specific susceptibility to p4, we next focused on defining the mechanism by which the peptide controls microbial growth. Electron microscopy approaches revealed that p4 inhibits bacterial growth by targeting both the membrane and intracellular pathways. The main bactericidal mechanism of p4 action included the loss of membrane integrity and function. We demonstrated crucial role of positively charged amino acids and cysteine in the peptide amino acid sequence, in determining the antimicrobial activity of p4. We described unique crosstalk between cytochrome $bc_{1}$ and p4, that promotes cysteine-dependent dimerization and enhances effectiveness of p4. These data suggested that the antimicrobial potential of p4 can be modulated under specific condition. For example, oxidized environment can boost the p4 activity, whereas stationary phase phenotype can facilitate the development of bacterial resistance to p4. It is known that, in addition to the classical antibiotic resistance strategies, such as production of inactivating enzymes or efflux pumps, bacteria can generate tolerance or resistance to stress conditions through reprogramming cellular metabolism from fast to slow growth. As a consequence, slow growing cells are resistant to harsh conditions, including the p4-treated bacteria. RpoS is a key, stationary phase transcription factor, that regulates the general stress response in E. coli. In this work we proposed the mechanism of resistance to p4, based on RpoS-dependent transition from fast to slow growing phase. When E. coli cells were deprived of functional RpoS by using genetic modifications, the resistance to p4 was decreased only in bacteria from the stationary but not of logarithmic phase of growth. Furthermore, the presence of RpoS limited binding of p4 to the bacterial surface. These results indicate the existence of the RpoS-dependent mechanism of bacterial resistance to the chemerin-derived peptide, that includes blocking the interaction between p4 and the bacterial cell. In conclusion, the studies presented in this dissertation provide a better understanding of the role of chemerin and its derivatives in controlling the microbial composition in oral cavity and skin. We characterized the mode of bactericidal activity of p4, and described the potential mechanism of bacterial resistance to p4. Given that p4 can suppress the growth of antibiotic resistant strains, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus, this peptide seems to be a promising, therapeutic agent to combat resistant bacteria.
Michalik, Piotr. "Stosunki polityczno-wyznaniowe w XVII-wiecznym Marylandzie na tle kształtowania się ustroju tej kolonii." Praca doktorska, 2010. http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/41493.
Full textFranczak, Łukasz. "Teoria spółki akcyjnej : charakter i znaczenie prawa akcyjnego dla ustroju spółki i praw akcjonariuszy." Praca doktorska, 2015. http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/42574.
Full textGąska, Damian. "Numeryczno-statystyczna metoda oceny nośności stalowych ustrojów nośnych dźwignic." Rozprawa doktorska, 2007. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=5361.
Full textGąska, Damian. "Numeryczno-statystyczna metoda oceny nośności stalowych ustrojów nośnych dźwignic." Rozprawa doktorska, 2007. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=5361.
Full textMika, Piotr. "Nośność zniszczeniowa lepkosprężystych konstrukcji powierzchniowych." Rozprawa doktorska, 1999. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2970.
Full textMika, Piotr. "Nośność zniszczeniowa lepkosprężystych konstrukcji powierzchniowych." Rozprawa doktorska, 1999. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2970.
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Full textCińcio, Andrzej. "Numeryczna analiza dynamicznej odporności niskiej zabudowy na wstrząsy parasejsmiczne z zastosowaniem przestrzennych modeli wybranych obiektów." Rozprawa doktorska, 2004. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=4666.
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Full textWandzik, Grzegorz. "Numeryczna symulacja przebicia płyty żelbetowej." Rozprawa doktorska, 1999. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2708.
Full textWandzik, Grzegorz. "Numeryczna symulacja przebicia płyty żelbetowej." Rozprawa doktorska, 1999. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=54906.
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Full textHulimka, Jacek. "Analiza teoretyczno-doświadczalna zjawiska przebicia w zespolonym węźle żelbetowej płyty ze słupem." Rozprawa doktorska, 1998. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2520.
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Full textAn agricultural holding as a co-participant of the economic market, is located in a multifaceted regulation both on the basis of national and EU law. The classic view of production factors (labor, capital and land) classifies an agricultural holding as a kind of enterprise, which is covered by a separate and preferential legal regulation, due to its strategic character and role for each State and the society functioning in it. In the dissertation issues were raised related to legislative processes in the context of specific political and economic events, which reflected the entirety of concepts and models of agriculture adopted by State, as well as an attempt to the balance between interest of property rights with imposed administrative obligations. The main emphasis was put on family farms conducted by individual farmers, which is exemplifications of the accepted program norm, expressed in art. 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Characterizing the research methods adopted at work, mention should be made of the analysis based on the legal-dogmatic, historical, legal-comparative method with statistical elements and SWOT analysis. The first two of them allows to draw the most complete conclusions about the factors shaping the agricultural system in Poland. Two next shown a direct relation with the then agriculture and the economic-social-legal plane. The first chapter was devoted to issues related to the evolution of an agricultural institution and its legal regulations. It looked at the sources of concepts and definitions of a farm in constitutional, administrative and civilian terms. Also raised issues related to: agricultural policy, the legitimacy of protective regulations and statutory support for farms. The second chapter contains the characteristics and assessment of the correlation of agricultural law in relation to other areas of law. In the following, the author shows separateness of the social security system, taxes, the system of trade and protection of agricultural real estate, agricultural exemption and support and protection systems for natural resources in family farms. An extremely important matter of this chapter is also the current issue of the judicial execution of cash benefits from farm property. The third chapter refers to issues related to legal and economic regulations for supporting family farms, which focus on the impact of the CAP, EAFRD objectives, RDPs in the years 2014-2020 and other support systems for family rural households. The fourth chapter contains a comparative analysis of the system and legal solutions that provide support for family farms used in Poland and selected European Union countries. The research hypotheses put forward in the introduction were developed in the theses and substantiation contained in the conclusion. The considerations were based on the claim that the legislator surrounds the mode and functioning of farms holdings by increasing range of regulation, what determines the legal position of an agricultural holding in numerous normative acts. The legislator emphasizes the uniqueness of the agrarian sector by developing separate regulations and different approach and recognition of the farmers property sphere, as well as their public duties. The highly developed construction of regulatory instruments places agricultural holdings as an equal economic entity, with a privileged position in relation to stronger capital market players in free market economy. However, globalization factors have caused that many people still treat agriculture in a downplaying manner, probably resulting from a misunderstanding of the importance and specificity of this sector in relation to the global economic system.