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Nedbálková, Kristýna. "Srovnání vybraných způsobů ocenění pro nemovitost typu rekreační chata v lokalitě Rusava a okolí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232523.
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Diploma thesis explains fundamental terms and methods in real estate evaluation. Further acquaint with location of Zlin, meaning about market situation in this location and practise evaluation of recreation objects by selected methods with cross comparing and statistics.
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Harney, Alison Louise. "The night was as usual." View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-1/rp/harneya/alisonharney.pdf.
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Sousa, Alessandra Gaspar. "Consumo usual de café no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/17510.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Nutrição, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição Humana, 2014.Submitted by Ana Cristina Barbosa da Silva (annabds@hotmail.com) on 2015-01-29T14:01:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_AlessandraGasparSousa_Parcial.pdf: 107279 bytes, checksum: fbd6b259ebf349d62bfcdd795ff1f1f0 (MD5)
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O café é uma das bebidas mais populares consumidas em todo o mundo, e tem sido por séculos parte integrante do hábito alimentar de um grande número de brasileiros. O presente estudo buscou descrever e analisar os dados nacionais de consumo de café dos brasileiros. Com isso, foram descritas as formas de preparo de café mais utilizadas, o volume consumido e as formas utilizadas para adoçar bebidas na população brasileira; foi analisado o consumo usual de café; e foi realizada uma caracterização do consumo usual de café dos brasileiros nas Grandes Regiões segundo sexo e faixa etária. O estudo utilizou os dados obtidos no Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação (INA) baseando-se em informações de dois dias não consecutivos de registro alimentar de 34.003 indivíduos com 10 anos ou mais de idade. O método do National Cancer Institute (NCI) foi aplicado para obter o consumo usual e estatísticas descritivas. A média de consumo diário usual de café da população brasileira foi de 163 ml [erro padrão (EP) 2,8], corresponde a 1,5 xícaras/dia. Os homens apresentaram maior consumo usual de café comparado às mulheres. No Brasil o consumo usual de café se reduz com a idade, e existem diferenças regionais. A Região Nordeste apresentou o maior consumo médio usual de café de 175 ml (EP 9,4) e o maior consumo usual obtido também para homens nordestinos com 60 anos ou mais de idade foi de 521 ml (EP 13,6) comparado com outras Regiões. O método mais utilizado para o preparo e consumo de café foi o filtrado/instantâneo (71%) e a principal maneira utilizada para adoçar as bebidas foi o açúcar (87%). Conclui-se que, os homens apresentaram o maior volume de consumo usual de café; houve variação entre os sexos quanto ao consumo de café em função da faixa de idade; e a quantidade de café consumida variou entre as Regiões do Brasil. Resultados inéditos na população brasileira foram mostrados nesse estudo, sendo o primeiro estudo a caracterizar o consumo usual de café em uma amostra representativa da população brasileira, possibilitando importantes contribuições para a comunidade científica, agências regulatórias, indústria e profissionais de saúde pública.
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages consumed worldwide, and for centuries it has been part of the dietary habits of a large number of Brazilians. The current study aimed to describe and analyze data on the national consumption of coffee in the Brazilian population. Thus, the brewing methods and preparations for coffee, the volume consumed and the ways to sweeten beverages in the Brazilian population were described; we analyzed the usual daily coffee intake; and a characterization of the usual daily coffee intake across the Brazilian Regions was performed by gender and age group. The study used data from the first Brazilian National Dietary Survey (NDS) based on food intake data obtained in two non-consecutive food records from 34,003 subjects of ages over 10 years. The method of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) was applied to obtain the usual intake and descriptive statistics were performed. The mean usual daily coffee intake of the Brazilian population was 163 ml [standard error (SE) 2.8], corresponding to 1.5 cups per day. The males had the highest volume of usual coffee intake compared to females. In Brazil usual coffee intake reduces with age, and there are regional differences. The Northeast Region had the highest usual mean coffee intake of 175 ml (SE 9.4) and the highest usual coffee intake compared across Regions was also obtained from Northeastern men aged 60 or older, at 521 ml (SE 13.6). The commonest brewing method to prepare and drink coffee was filtered/instant (71%) and the main way to sweeten beverages was with sugar (87%). In conclusion, men showed the highest volume of usual coffee intake; there was variation between genders regarding coffee intake as a function of age group; and the amount of coffee consumed varied considerably between Brazilian Regions. Unpublished results in the Brazilian population were shown in this study, which is the first to characterize the usual coffee intake in a nationwide representative sample in Brazil. This will provide important information for public health professionals, the scientific community, regulatory agencies, and industry.
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Allen, Bobbe McGhie. "Teaching Across Borders: Business as Usual?" DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/859.
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The quest to comprehend how cultural differences can impact learning is one of those intriguing challenges that continue to beguile some scholars and educational leaders even at a time that is characterized as globalized. This dissertation is a qualitative case study about teaching to culturally diverse populations and is primarily based on the interviews of seven accountants designated as instructors and the direct observation of those instructors while teaching accounting principles to other accountants. The English language was used despite the fact that all participants, including the instructors, spoke English as a second or third language and came from diverse cultures around the world.
It brings to light how an American company (American World Trade or AWT) felt they succeeded in teaching to the diverse population of students though not purposely providing accommodations for the diverse cultural differences in the classroom. During the year 2009, AWT took the materials USU developed around the world and presented conferences in regional offices of Bangkok, Budapest, Santo Domingo, Pretoria, and San Salvador. The pilot study interviews took place at the end of 2009. This study was based on the conference that took place in February 2010 in which 16 of the 70 countries were represented.
This dissertation does several things: First, it looks at the cultural dimensions of students and instructors from 16 different countries, in an international setting, and examines if lack of knowledge about cultural dimensions and accommodating for them could interfere with learning. Second, it looks at the strategies and behaviors used by the instructors who were not knowledgeable of cultural dimensions to reveal if they were unconsciously adapting their teaching for the culturally diverse. Third, this study offers an in-depth look at several additional factors, including cultural intelligence (CQ), which could explain their ostensible teaching successes.
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Imsheiel, Yusra, and Talina Marcusson-Journiette. "Barnkonventionen som lag - business as usual?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22631.
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Syftet med denna uppsats är att studera vilken förändring det innebär att barnkonventionen gått från ratificerad till lag för socialtjänsten ur ett organisatoriskt perspektiv. Denna förändring studeras utifrån från två riktningar, dels ur ett top- down perspektiv där barnkonventionen som idé färdas från nationell nivå ner till socialtjänsten samt ur ett bottom- up perspektiv då socialtjänsten genom översättning tolkar idén. Uppsatsen använder sig av kvalitativ innehållsanalys och semistrukturerade intervjuer samt utgår ifrån idémodellen som metodologiska ansats för att illustrera hur en idé översätts och tolkas samt anpassas till praktik. Genom att nyttja teoretiska begrepp från både implementerings- och översättningsforskning medför det att förändringen studeras på en mikronivå där tjänstepersoner inom socialtjänsten hamnar i fokus. Det framgår att förståelsen av förändringen är starkt kopplad till hur barnkonventionen som idé konceptualiseras och att idéresan avseende att barnkonventionen gått från ratificerad till lag medför en skillnad i hur barnets ställning konceptualiseras.The purpose of this thesis is to study what change the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child as Swedish law entails for the social services from an organizational perspective. This change is studied from two directions, a top- down perspective and a bottom- up perspective. The top-down perspective describes the Convention on the Rights of the Child as an idea that travels from a national level down to the social services and the bottom- up perspective describes the translation process when the social services interpret the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The thesis uses qualitative content analysis, semi structured interviews and takes inspiration from the idea model as its methodological approach to illustrate how an idea is translated, interpreted and adjusted to fit practice. By applying theoretical approaches from both implementation theory and translation theory change is examined on a micro level with focus on the official workers within the social services. It can be concluded that the understanding of change is strongly correlated with how the Convention on the Rights of the Child as an idea is conceptualized. This though, the travel of ideas regarding the Convention on the Rights of the Child going from ratified to becoming Swedish law, results in a change of how the position of the child is understood.
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Abbas, Ahmad M. N. "Al-Muntakhab fi Usual al-Madhhab." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504396.
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The aim of this thesis is to edit a manuscript in 'Usul al-Fiqh (principles of Islamic jurisprudence) written according to the Hanafi school. The main manuscript used on the edition dates back to (690H/1292AD). The author is Husäm al-Din Muhammad bin Muhammad bin `Umar al-Akhsikathi, who died in (6441V1247AD). The thesis provides an account of the author's life and identifies his historical character and the epoch in which he lived, i. e. the 7th century H.(13th century AD). To explore that, it was necessary to dwell upon the region and context where the author lived. I endeavour to highlight the author's personality from different angles so as to understand the circumstances that produced such scholars at that time in history. The study of the book required, first to attribute the work to its author and, second, to show its significance and its impact on the science of 'Usul al-Fiqh. I also tried to focus on the methodology employed by the author of this work and the reason that this book has gained wider prominence in this particular field than that of other writers. Through studying this book I discuss Muslims' interest in this work and its prolific number of editors and commentators, which indicates the value of the book to scholars and students. The significance of any book relates to the subject that the book itself tackles; therefore, I start the study with an introduction in which I demonstrate the value of the subject of the book i.e. 'Usul al-Fiqh. Here, I discuss the time when it came into being, how it evolved, scholars' methods and approaches in studying this authority- whom many scholars consider as a fundamental pillar for many other sciences such as jurisprudence, interpretation and the Hadith (Prophet's Traditions).
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Zschokke, Rahel. "Frauenhandel in der Schweiz business as usual?" Luzern Orlux-Verl, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2707213&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Bennett, Cathy. "The U.S. Forest Service : business as usual." Scholarly Commons, 2003. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/583.
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There are two prevailing views today about our forests and natural resources. Both views are considered the "right" view, each position comprising a set of values by which we make decisions and choices about using our natural resources. The "dominant world view," is anthropocentric and agriculturally based, with a strong belief that we can "fix" environmental problems through the use of technology. The key result of this view is a belief in the efficiency of economic expansion and its continued growth. The second view maintains we are part of nature, not masters of it, and that we have developed an arrogant attitude toward nature, believing we have the right to do as we wish regardless of the consequences. The result of this view is a belief in the interconnectedness of all life, thus all life has rights.
This work argues that the "dominant" worldview shaped the policies of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS). Consistent with this worldview, the USFS management. paradigm was to provide the greatest return, a commodity-driven focus. However, when public values changed towards a more ecocentric view, the USFS should have reevaluated its method of doing business. Instead, it remained entrenched in its management objective- timber production.
After the courts enjoined the USFS against cutting in the Pacific Northwest, aftet struggling with confrontational environmentalists and increased activism within the agency, the USFS attempted to re-write its management paradigm. However even though the policy sounds eco-friendly, the USFS is still mandated by Congress, and forced by appropriations approved by Congress, to cut trees. Different ideologies are accommodated only when they do not conflict with economics. Thus, in spite of changing values, it is still business as usual.
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Baier, Christel, Marcus Daum, Benjamin Engel, Hermann Härtig, Joachim Klein, Sascha Klüppelholz, Steffen Märcker, Hendrik Tews, and Marcus Völp. "Waiting for Locks: How Long Does It Usually Take?" Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-121259.
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Reliability of low-level operating-system (OS) code is an indispensable requirement. This includes functional properties from the safety-liveness spectrum, but also quantitative properties stating, e.g., that the average waiting time on locks is sufficiently small or that the energy requirement of a certain system call is below a given threshold with a high probability. This paper reports on our experiences made in a running project where the goal is to apply probabilistic model checking techniques and to align the results of the model checker with measurements to predict quantitative properties of low-level OS code.
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Baier, Christel, Marcus Daum, Benjamin Engel, Hermann Härtig, Joachim Klein, Sascha Klüppelholz, Steffen Märcker, Hendrik Tews, and Marcus Völp. "Waiting for Locks: How Long Does It Usually Take?" Technische Universität Dresden, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27128.
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Reliability of low-level operating-system (OS) code is an indispensable requirement. This includes functional properties from the safety-liveness spectrum, but also quantitative properties stating, e.g., that the average waiting time on locks is sufficiently small or that the energy requirement of a certain system call is below a given threshold with a high probability. This paper reports on our experiences made in a running project where the goal is to apply probabilistic model checking techniques and to align the results of the model checker with measurements to predict quantitative properties of low-level OS code.
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Soomsalu, Gert. "Estonia in Baltic naval cooperation : business as usual?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9486.
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Since the re-establishment of Estonian navy, Baltic naval cooperation has played various roles for the Estonian navy. During different periods, Estonian involvement in cooperation has been fluctuating and in 2014, Estonia decided to withdraw from afloat cooperation, yet continuing with other forms of it. In 2018, Estonia proposed new concept and goals for Baltic Naval cooperation. To better understand the current state of affairs, the main motives behind Estonia’s acting in cooperation from establishing the cooperation until today are studied and presented. The main aim of this thesis is high-light which factors are favourable to carry out the ideas presented in the concept for future cooperation, Baltic Naval Vision 2030+. Results show that there are factors indicating favourable conditions to carry out the plans, nevertheless, there are also factors less favourable. The most salient favouring factor is the strategic culture which is similar in Baltic countries, the most salient hindering factor is lack of top-down political support.
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Broderick, John Foreman. "Business as usual? : instituting markets for carbon credits." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/business-as-usual-instituting-markets-for-carbon-credits(fbf35455-6dc6-4ad9-a0e9-1757dff6cfac).html.
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Climate change mitigation necessitates substantial alterations to patterns of worldwide economic activity, be that reduction in demand, switches to new technology or 'end-of-pipe' abatement of greenhouse gases. There are profound political, economic and ethical questions surrounding the governance of the means, rate and location of change. Within advanced capitalist economies and internationally through the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change emissions trading systems have been introduced as part of the broader neoliberal attempts to 'correct market failure' through the definition of new property rights.This thesis investigates the development, constitution and consequences of institutions for the production, exchange and consumption of credits for emissions reductions. Such credits are financial instruments awarded to organisations for putative reductions in emissions from 'business as usual'. In consumption, credits are equated with a quantity of emissions released elsewhere. The 'Instituted Economic Process' framework (Randles and Harvey, 2002) is used to distinguish the various classes of agent involved in these exchanges and identify the economic and non-economic relationships that constitute these institutions. Inspired by the economic anthropology of Karl Polanyi, this approach asks how economic activity is organised and stabilised within society without presuming that there are universal economic laws of 'the market', that there are essential properties of commodities and agents, or that all economic transfers are conducted within markets.I argue that crediting is a socially contingent process of commodification of atmospheric pollution which is both ontologically and normatively problematic. Extant institutions are shown to be precarious by appealing to neutral techno-scientific justifications but remaining reliant on subjective judgement. However, they are sufficiently consistent and credible that they persist and expand. These findings are of interest to the academic communities of political economy and environmental and economic geography, climate change policy makers and the environmental movement more broadly.
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Caspero, Alexandra M. "Usual dietary intake among chronic fatigue syndrome patients." Scholarly Commons, 2009. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/729.
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The relationship between dietary intake and the pathology of CFS has been an area of intense speculation without strong research support. There may be important links between diet and symptoms such that dietary interventions may be efficacious as adjunct therapy. This study was designed to assess any dietary abnormalities among Chronic Fatigue Syndrome patients. The purpose of this study is to make a controlled assessment of usual dietary intake so that dietary recommendations for CFS patients can be made. A Diet History Questionnaire, provided by the National Institute of Health, was used to analyze usual dietary intake among CFS patients. Women, ages I 8 and older, diagnosed by a physician with CFS, and were asked to complete the online survey. To complete the questionnaire, participants were provided with a user name and password and asked to answer a number of questions about their dietary habit. Twenty (n=20) women with CFS completed the questionnaire. The results were compiled and analyzed using Diet-Calc software and compared with nonnative data. Several nutrients were found to be deficient in more than 75% of the CFS patients.
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Flansburg, Carroll Nicole. "Is Sickle Cell Trait as Benign as is Usually Assumed?" Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5017.
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Abstract
Introduction Sickle cell trait carriers may experience sickling events, which can cause severe health problems. Some sickle cell haplotypes contain genetic modifiers that are associated with increased levels of fetal hemoglobin, which is resistant to sickling. The aim of this study is to determine if sickle cell trait individuals who do not carry these modifiers are more likely to experience sickling episodes than those who do carry the modifiers.
Methods: Participants were eligible for inclusion in this study if they were male, 18 years of age or older, a sickle cell trait carrier, and had previously played any level of organized football. Participants were recruited via Facebook, www.clinicaltrials.gov, e-mail, phone calls, and word of mouth. They were asked to complete a survey and return a buccal swab for genetic analysis to look for alleles associated with fetal hemoglobin persistence. To date, no genetic analyses have been run. Data from the surveys was analyzed using Fisher's Exact Test with the SAS 9.2 software.
Results: Twenty participants were included in this phase of the study and all returned both the survey and buccal swab. Five of the 20 participants had been diagnosed with exertional sickling, 2 with heat illness, and 12 had experienced dehydration.
Conclusion: Data in this study is purely observational, as no genetic analyses have been performed at this point. Early results indicate that the probability a player feels their muscle pain lasts longer than their peers' is greater among those who feel it takes their muscles longer to recover than their peers'.
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Weiß, Norman. "Das neue Sorbengesetz des Freistaats Sachsen : Minderheitenschutz as usual?" Universität Potsdam, 1999. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4405/.
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Leong, Elaine. "Water Situation In China - Crisis Or Business As Usual?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94186.
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Several studies indicates China is experiencing a water crisis, were several regions are suffering of severe water scarcity and rivers are heavily polluted. On the other hand, water is used inefficiently and wastefully: water use efficiency in the agriculture sector is only 40% and within industry, only 40% of the industrial wastewater is recycled. However, based on statistical data, China’s total water resources is ranked sixth in the world, based on its water resources and yet, Yellow River and Hai River dries up in its estuary every year. In some regions, the water situation is exacerbated by the fact that rivers’ water is heavily polluted with a large amount of untreated wastewater, discharged into the rivers and deteriorating the water quality. Several regions’ groundwater is overexploited due to human activities demand, which is not met by local. Some provinces have over withdrawn groundwater, which has caused ground subsidence and increased soil salinity. So what is the situation in China? Is there a water crisis, and if so, what are the causes?This report is a review of several global water scarcity assessment methods and summarizes the findings of the results of China’s water resources to get a better understanding about the water situation. All of the methods indicated that water scarcity is mainly concentrated to north China due to rapid growth, overexploitation from rivers and reduced precipitation. Whereas, South China is indicated as abundant in water resources, however, parts of the region are experiencing water scarcity due to massive dam constructions for water storage and power production. Too many dam constructions in a river disrupts flow of the river water and pollutants are then accumulated within floodgates.Many Chinese officials and scholars believe that with economic growth comes improved environmental quality when the economy has reached to a certain of per-capita level. However, with the present water situation it is not sustainable or possible for China to keep consuming and polluting its water resources. Improvement of environmental quality does not come automatically with increased income, and policies, laws and regulations are needed in order to stop further deterioration of the environment.China’s water situation is not any news and the key factor is human activities, but the question is how to solve it. China’s water crisis is much more complex than over exploitation of groundwater and surface water. There are three water issues in China: “too much water – floods, too little water – droughts, and too dirty water – water pollution” (Jun & Chen, 2001). Thus, solving China’s water crisis is a huge challenge to solve without negatively affecting the economic growth.
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Yavuz, Devrim Adam. "Business as usual? : Turkish industrialists, the state and democratization." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102234.
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There is a debate on the exact relationship between capitalist development and democracy. Some maintain that there is a theoretical and empirical affinity between the two, while others have demonstrated that authoritarian regimes have been as able to accommodate capitalist development. A major part of this debate revolves around the economic elite's political preferences, which in some cases is perceived as championing democracy while in others, especially in cases of late-development, as supporting the rise of authoritarianism or, in the least, benefiting from the deficiencies of limited democracy. The shifting position of this elite therefore begs the following question: Is there an instance under capitalist development that makes democracy more appealing to the business classes?To study this question, I have focused on the case of TUSIAD (Turkish Industrialists' and Businessmen's Association), a voluntary association made up of several hundred members and founded by the owners of the largest Turkish corporations, that has in 1997 published a report on democratization in Turkey which promoted major changes to the Turkish state and its institutions. The topic is of relevance to the above debate by presenting a case where individuals that were previously perceived as benefiting from the deficiencies of Turkish democracy and/or were too shy politically were promoting major changes to political life.
In order to understand the process behind this break and the shifting political attitude of the association's members, I have conducted several expert interviews with key actors from TUSIAD and the business community. I have also included a comparison between the case of TUSIAD and the demands of associations in the similar cases of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico in order to further test the generalizability of my case study.
My research and the dissertation suggest that changes in the activities of Turkish industry, characterized by economic development and a greater international integration achieved primarily through the European Union, present a new structure of opportunities and constraints for TUSIAD members. The factors that entrepreneurs perceive as being necessary for staying competitive and manage growingly complex enterprises not only make increased democracy more appealing but also create a tension between a segment of business, which is becoming increasingly formal, and a state that has traditionally depended on its informal ties with societies to strengthen its control.
However, my research reveals that these economic changes are not sufficient to constitute a radical break from the state. To understand the case of TUSIAD it should be taken into account that this has been possible because of the economic elite's increasing autonomy (due partly on endogenous changes and the opportunities that internationalization offers) and relationship to the state. Turkish political tradition has enabled the state and governments to isolate themselves from business more than in other cases studied. In fact, states in my comparative cases have tended to grant greater access to business, except for various periods, and as such affected its propensity to mobilize politically. It is therefore the apparent indifference of the Turkish state towards the needs and power of industry that has affected the attitude and ideology of businesspeople, thus leading to a greater break than what the current literature would predict. In outlining this process, the current dissertation therefore contributes to academic debate by outlining the manner in which a positive relationship between the needs of business classes and democracy develops, while maintaining that whether this will lead to a radical break is determined by state tradition.
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Unger, Carina. "Industrialised house building : fundamental change or business as usual?" Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4120.
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Rouncefield, Mark Francis. "'Business as usual' : an ethnography of everyday (bank) work." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420183.
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Evans, Martin Neville. "The Casamance, Senegal : 'war economy' or business as usual?" Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.407794.
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Bennett, Cathy. "The U.S. Forest Service : business as usual : a thesis." Scholarly Commons, 2001. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/583.
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There are two prevailing views today about our forests and natural resources. Both views are considered the "right" view, each position comprising a set of values by which we make decisions and choices about using our natural resources. The "dominant world view," is anthropocentric and agriculturally based, with a strong belief that we can "fix" environmental problems through the use of technology. The key result of this view is a belief in the efficiency of economic expansion and its continued growth. The second view maintains we are part of nature, not masters of it, and that we have developed an arrogant attitude toward nature, believing we have the right to do as we wish regardless of the consequences. The result of this view is a belief in the interconnectedness of all life, thus all life has rights.
This work argues that the "dominant" worldview shaped the policies of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS). Consistent with this worldview, the USFS management. paradigm was to provide the greatest return, a commodity-driven focus. However, when public values changed towards a more ecocentric view, the USFS should have reevaluated its method of doing business. Instead, it remained entrenched in its management objective- timber production.
After the courts enjoined the USFS against cutting in the Pacific Northwest, aftet struggling with confrontational environmentalists and increased activism within the agency, the USFS attempted to re-write its management paradigm. However even though the policy sounds eco-friendly, the USFS is still mandated by Congress, and forced by appropriations approved by Congress, to cut trees. Different ideologies are accommodated only when they do not conflict with economics. Thus, in spite of changing values, it is still business as usual.
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Boerhave, Vanessa. "Adding mindfulness to treatment as usual| A meta-analysis." Thesis, Saint Mary's University of Minnesota, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10194588.
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Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) are receiving increasing attention in the treatment of mental illness, and there is good support for their effectiveness as a stand-alone treatment across a range of disorders. It is possible that MBI would also be useful as an addition to standard treatment protocols. To assess this possibility, the present investigation involved a meta-analytical review of studies in which mindfulness techniques were added to treatment as usual to assess the incremental effect of mindfulness. A systematic review was conducted of relevant databases. Studies were included in the meta-analysis if they met the following criteria: (a) mindfulness techniques or mindfulness-based interventions were employed in conjunction with treatment as usual and compared to treatment as usual alone; (b) patients in the sample were assigned a DSM-IV diagnosis or exhibited a specific symptom; and (c) the sample included individuals 18 years of age or older. Only studies using an experimental randomized controlled design were included. Fourteen eligible studies were found with an effective sample size of 695 participants. Effect sizes were calculated overall, and for subgroups (diagnosis subgroups, mean age, type of MBI) separately. Meta-analysis of between-group effects yielded an overall Cohen’s d effect size of 0.61. Adding MBIs to treatment as usual appears to yield substantial incremental improvement when used with a variety of symptoms and disorders.
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Miki, Hiroyuki. "Fibroblast Contractility : Usual Interstitial Pneumonia and Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia." Kyoto University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/150210.
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Hungerford, Gabriela Marie MS. "Characterizing Community-Based Usual Mental Health Care for Infants." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2609.
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Infants who experience multiple risk factors, such as preterm birth, developmental delay, and low socioeconomic status, are at greater risk for mental health problems. Mental health interventions for infants typically target infants from high-risk groups, and there is strong evidence that some intervention programs for infants can prevent long-term negative outcomes and promote long-term positive outcomes. Despite emerging research and federal initiatives promoting early intervention, minimal research has examined community-based mental health services during infancy. Improving the effectiveness and efficiency of routine care requires close examination of current practices. The current study characterized current usual care practices in infant mental health through a survey of mental health providers. Provider, practice, and client characteristics, provider use of intervention strategies and intervention programs, and provider attitudes toward and knowledge of evidence-based practices are described. Study findings are discussed in the context of previous usual care research. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Broulet, Pascale. "Lexique des mots usuels pharmaceutiques." Paris 5, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA05P114.
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Degrell, Pontus. "Business as usual? Om projekt som arbetsform vid svenska folkbibliotek." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101625.
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Keegan, Thomas M. "The usual: pub phenomenology in the works of James Joyce." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/526.
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"The Usual: Pub Phenomenology in the Works of James Joyce" attempts to wrest the pub from critical dismissal as a token symbol of paternalistic Irish drunkenness and return it to the center of Joyce's work as the site for his development of a philosophy of being. Read this way, the pub illustrates ways humans come to understand their place in the world through objects, practices, and later, as part of a public entity. The pub also tells the story of modernism's impact on Irish society. Few spaces so deftly render the complexities of the modern Irish position: at the edge of the mechanizing forces of modernity and at odds with the vexing forces of British imperialism.
In Dubliners, Joyce outlines a trajectory for human development that passes through "childhood, adolescence, mature life, and public life." This trajectory parallels the progress of a phenomenological inquiry into being. We begin with those things immediately available to us in childhood. We come to know the world through the objects surrounding us. Our encounters with doors, drawers, counters, and glasses reveal a host of practices that further embroider and define our experience of the world. This assemblage refigures humanity as a nexus of things and practices situated in space. For Irish masculinity in the early twentieth century, the public house often served as a central space for this connection. The pub's public nature illustrates a kind of endpoint in the phenomenological inquiry just as Joyce ends his corpus with a book deeply absorbed in the overlapping soundscapes of a crowded public house. Investigating the how of our existence brings us face to face with other people. Being for Joyce, as it was for Martin Heidegger, Hannah Arendt, and Jürgen Habermas, arises from the speech acts and human contact afforded by publicness. In Joyce's writing, there is no being that is not also a being among other people. I argue that the public house belongs to that set of unique spaces Michel Foucault terms "heterotopias." They are spaces that buck the architectural, political, or spatial norms of the time and in so doing articulate a cultural engagement with being. The dissertation maps outs a Heideggerian account of "equipment" and conjoins it with the inventive sociological theory of Michel de Certeau, the spatial poetics of Gaston Bachelard, and the publics theory of Michael Warner. I close the dissertation with a brief look at the pub's legacy in poems by Paul Durcan and Macdara Woods and the novel The Ginger Man by J.P. Donleavy. These works continue Joyce's exploration of the pub as a space of memory and futurity, as the presence of expatriates and women in the public house lend new glosses to the practice of nostalgia and rounds respectively.
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Schwendeman, Jennifer. "Gender parity and the 'usual suspects' in South African education." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11826.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
It has been shown that educating girls has powerful externalities, which, if scaled, can act as a catalyst for socioeconomic development. However, there are many gender inequality factors that prohibit girls from accessing and succeeding in educational pursuits. This report explores the South African example, looking specifically at the Cape Area Panel Study, to find whether these gender inequality factors are present and if so, what effect they are having on educational outcomes.
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Rhoads, Jacqueline, and Jo-Ann Marrs. "Disorders Usually Presenting in Infancy or Early Childhood 0-5 Years Age." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/7098.
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Book Summary: This quick reference serves as an authoritative clinical guide to diagnostic treatment and monitoring recommendations for patients with mental disorders in the primary care setting. It offers fast and efficient access to evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for managing psychiatric and mental health conditions. The book guides family and adult advanced practice nurses in making clinical decisions that are supported by the best available evidence, reflecting current research and expert consensus. Additionally, researchers may use this book to identify important clinical questions where more research could be conducted to improve treatment decision making.
This comprehensive text is organized by major diagnostic categories, such as anxiety disorders, with specific diagnoses organized alphabetically within each category. It supports informed practice, which increases confidence in differential diagnosis, safe and effective treatment decision making, reliable treatment monitoring and, ultimately, improved patient outcomes. Additionally, DSM-IV-TR diagnostic standard summaries and ICD-9 codes are incorporated for use in the clinical setting. It is an essential resource in everyday practice for all health care providers.
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Packard, Anna Elise. "Parent Functioning and Child Psychotherapy Outcomes: Predicting Outcomes in Usual Care." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2311.
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A prominent need in the youth psychotherapy literature includes the examination of mechanisms of change within the context of "real world" clinical settings, where the practice of psychotherapy differs significantly from that in controlled clinical trials. In examining mechanisms of change in youth psychotherapy, variables related to parent functioning may be among the most important factors to consider in predicting and promoting good child outcomes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate three important aspects of parent functioning—psychological symptom distress, interpersonal relations, and social role performance—as potential predictors of successful treatment outcomes in a traditional community outpatient treatment setting for children and adolescents. Further, this study examined whether parents indirectly benefited from their children receiving services, expanding our view on the scope and benefits inherent in youth psychotherapy. Parent Symptom Distress, Interpersonal Relations, and Social Role performance were measured using the domains of the Outcome Questionnaire 45 (OQ-45; Lambert et al., 2004), and youth treatment outcomes were measured using the parent and self-report versions of the Youth-Outcome Questionnaire (Y-OQ; Burlingame, Wells, Lambert, & Cox, 2004; Y-OQ-SR; Wells, Burlingame & Rose, 2003). Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling with this sample of 339 youth, aged 4-17 and their parents, this study examined the relationship between these parent domains and youth progress in therapy. Results revealed that parent Symptom Distress and Social Role performance improved significantly over the course of youth treatment. Further, Social Role performance at intake significantly predicted the rate of change in parent-reported youth outcome; and Interpersonal Relations at intake significantly predicted rate of change in youth-reported outcome. Finally, changes in parent Social Role performance were associated with changes in youth symptoms over the course of treatment. Examining the associations between these variables is an important step toward identifying potential mechanisms of change in youth mental health treatment. The results of this study provide valuable information on the importance of attending to parent functioning in the assessment and treatment of youth mental health issues.
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SANCHES, JESLEY GUTIERES. "USUAL METHODOLOGIES FOR THE DIFRACTED LINKS: ERROR ANALYSIS AND PROPOSED CONECTIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1995. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8831@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORUma análise de erro das metodologias usuais de cálculo da perda de difração foi feita a partir de dados de 56 enlaces experimentais e um programa em computador onde foram implementados os principais métodos e modelos de obstáculos. As conclusões obtidas permitiram propor uma correção necessária em função da margem de erro desejada. Conclusões sobre o ganho de altura e o comportamento aleatório da perda de difração também foram obtidas neste trabalho.
Na analysis of usual error methodologies for claculating the difraction losses, were made from data obtained from 56 experimental links. This data was analised by a computer program, where different types of methodos and obstacles were simulated. The results of these observation led to the application of the necessary correction in function of the desired margin error. The height gain and the randon behavior of the difraction losses were also obtained in this work.
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Laureano, Greice Helen da Costa. "Comparação de métodos para estimação da distribuição do consumo alimentar usual." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97251.
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Já há inúmeros métodos de estimação da distribuição do consumo alimentar usual. De uma forma geral, eles são de difícil entendimento e implementados em softwares pagos. Em vista disso, este trabalho propõe um novo método de estimação da distribuição do consumo alimentar usual que foi intitulado como MEID (Method for Estimate Intake Distribution). Neste trabalho esse método foi comparado com os métodos SPADE (Statistical Program to Assess Dietary Exposure), NCI (National Cancer Institute) e MSM (Multiple Source Method), por meio de um estudo de simulação. Para cada método foram estimados a média e os percentis da distribuição do consumo usual e foram utilizadas como medidas de acurácia o vício e o vício relativo, já para medir a precisão foi utilizado o Erro Quadrático Médio (EQM). Salienta-se que o método proposto neste trabalho utilizou o software livre R em todo seu escopo. Os resultados mostraram que os métodos NCI, SPADE e MSM realizaram estimações parecidas e obtiveram EQM e vícios superiores ao MEID, principalmente quando se tratava do percentil 95. Em suma, verificou-se que o estimador MEID foi mais acurado e preciso na estimação da distribuição do consumo alimentar usual quando comparado aos demais, como também se mostrou mais simples e de interface implementável em qualquer software com linguagem similar ao do software R.There are already numerous methods for estimating the distribution of usual dietary intake. In general, they are difficult to understand and implemented in paid software. In this light, this paper proposes a new method for estimating the distribution of usual dietary intake: MEID (Method for Intake Distribution Estimate). In this work this method was compared with the SPADE (Statistical Program to Assess Dietary Exposure), NCI (National Cancer Institute) and MSM (Multiple Source Method) methods, by means of a simulation study. For each method, the mean and the percentiles of usual intake were estimated, and for accuracy measurements, the bias and relative bias were used. The precision was measured using the Mean Squared Error (MSE). The proposed method in this paper uses the free software R. The results have shown that the NCI, MSM and SPADE methods performed similar estimations, and obtained MSE and bias higher than MEID, especially in the 95th percentile. In short, it was found that the MEID estimator was more accurate and precise in estimating the distribution of usual dietary intake, when compared to other estimators, while also being simpler than those. It was also shown that it’s implementable in any language similar to the R software.
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Roberts, Shelby Caroline. "The only light shot out as usual: Defining an Appalachian Grotesque." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91423.
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With the success of podcasts like Serial and This American Life's S-Town, the calamity of J.D. Vance's Hillbilly Elegy, and the dawning of "Trump's America" as a regional branding, Appalachia has once again found itself laid bare on the national stage. As the romanticization of Appalachia as poor, packing, and white persists, the question becomes: how can Appalachian peoples access these negative images as tools of resistance, reformation, and community making? How does an American gothic find home in Appalachian narratives?
This project explores clashes between national othering and local othering in Appalachian identity making as a tangible production of an Appalachian grotesque, a grotesque constructed through the subversion of the modern American gothic as a critical model for exploring Appalachian identity, particularly nationally othered and queered identities. The scope of this project ranges from contemporary, such as the popular memoir Hillbilly Elegy (2016) and the record breaking podcast S-Town (2016), as well as Robert Gipe's debut novel, Trampoline (2015), and their historical counterparts: the 1967 documentary Holy Ghost People and the 1976 documentary Harlan County, U.S.A.
Through the lens of contemporary gothic readings of identity that come to form the grotesque, a framework for deconstructing notions of Appalachian fatalism begins to emerge. By specifically looking at ideas of violence, whether economic, cultural, or physical, and theories of erasure through the lens of land distribution and acquisition in Appalachia and its effect on self and community identity built up in the anchoring texts, defining and cultivating an Appalachian grotesque allows for a quantifying of Appalachian persistence within a history of critical thought, for better or for worse, as a way of both critiquing and fortifying the identity of Appalachia.Master of Arts
The narrative of Appalachia, as white, poor, uneducated, barefoot, etc. that defines conceptions of the grotesque in contemporary media, such as more classic movies like 1972’s Deliverance, the tale of four ‘city boys’ from Atlanta during a bloody trip through the mountains, most famous for its “Dueling Banjos” scene, or more recent movies such as 2017’s Logan Lucky, a heist movie centered around two brothers’ plot to rob a NASCAR race in North Carolina, interacts with concepts of American masculinity and femininity through two prominent categories: hunger and disgust. Through the literary positioning of the body as a site in which hunger and disgust interact/react, as well as the subsequent relationship between sex and desire as defining features of a productive, and reproductive body, southern gothic tropes are encapsulated and reimagined through a grotesque Appalachian lens. It is through this cyclical process of hunger and disgust, and sex, desire, and production, in the social, political, and economic spheres that an Appalachian notion of the grotesque is formed.
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Sjöblom, Björn. "To do what we usually do : An ethnomethodological investigation of intensive care simulations." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6382.
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Simulators provide great promises of pedagogical utility in a wide array of practices. This study focuses on the use of a full-scale mannequin simulator in training of personnel at an intensive care unit at a Swedish hospital. In medicine, simulators are a means of doing realistic training without risks for the patient. Simulators for use in intensive care medicine are built to resemble as closely as possible the human physiology. In the studied sessions the simulator (a Laerdal SimMan) is set up to be an as-authentic-as-possible replication of the nurses regular, day-to-day practice.
In examining the training-sessions, it was found that the participants often did other things than “proper” simulation, such as joking or making comments about the simulation. These “transgressional activities” were studied from a perspective of ethnomethodology, using video-recordings of the session. These were transcribed and analyzed in detail using ethnomethodologically informed interaction analysis.
Several themes were developed from the recordings and transcripts. These have in common that they demonstrate the participants’ own achievement and maintenance of the simulation as a distinct activity. The analysis provides an account of how the local order of the simulation is upheld, how it is breached and how the participants find their way back into doing “proper” simulation. It is an overview of the interactional methods that participants utilize to accomplish the simulation as a simulation.
This study concludes with a discussion of how this study can provide a more nuanced view of simulations, in particular the relation between simulated and “real” practices. Notions of realism, authenticity and fidelity in simulations can all be seen to be the participants’ own concern, which informs their activities in the simulation.
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Chirico, Gabriella. "Vägen in eller business as usual? : en modell för att utvärdera missbruksvård." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Economics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-107670.
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I uppsatsen utvärderas projektet Vägen in, som drevs av socialförvaltningen i Enköpingskommun 2007—2008. Deltagarna i projektet var individer med missbruksproblematik, oftatillsammans med en historia av kriminalitet och/eller psykisk ohälsa. Syftet med studien är attundersöka vilka kostnader och utfall Vägen in har gett upphov till i jämförelse medsocialtjänstens tidigare insatser för deltagarna, sett ur ett samhällsekonomiskt perspektiv.Bakgrunden till studien är att det i princip saknas samhällekonomiska utvärderingar avmissbruksvård. I studien jämförs samhällets kostnader för deltagarna två år innan projektet(2005-2006) med motsvarande kostnader under projekttiden (2007-2008). Dessa kostnaderställs sedan mot förändringen i deltagarnas kriminalitet samt förändringen av deraslivssituation.
Samhällets kostnader för deltagarna ökade med över 50 % under projekttiden. Deltagarnasmissbruk har minskat, men det går inte att se någon markant minskning av deltagarnaskriminalitet. Kostnaderna har skjutits över från staten till kommunen. I huvudsak harkostnaderna för psykiatrisk slutenvård och socialtjänstens öppenvård ökat, medanrättsväsendets kostnader har minskat. Samtidigt går det inte att se någon tydlig nedåtgåendetrend vad gäller deltagarnas kriminalitet. För att uttala sig om huruvida de ökade kostnadernakan motiveras med det utfall de ger upphov hade det krävts längre tidsserier med uppgifter omdeltagarnas inkomster. Med hänsyn till storleken på ökningen av samhällets kostnader fördeltagarna under projektet är det dock problematiskt att det inte går att se någon tydligminskning av deltagarnas kriminalitet.
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Poksiʹnska, Bożena. "ISO 9000: business as usual or radical change? : experiences from Swedish organisations /." Linköping : Linköping University, 2006. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2006/tek997s.pdf.
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Rossetti, Rafael Furlan. "Simulação do Zitterbewegung não usual e proteção de estados em armadilhas iônicas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76131/tde-29042014-083148/.
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Neste dissertação apresentamos um protocolo para simular, no contexto das armadilhas iônicas, o Zitterbewegung não usual, que é o análogo, na física do semicondutores, ao movimento de tremulação de uma partícula relativística. O Zitterbewegung não usual permite trajetórias cicloidais na ausência dos campos magnéticos. Além do Zitterbewegung, mostramos como gerar figuras de Lissajou para o movimento vibracional bidimensional do íon armadilhado. Ademais, o protocolo proposto nesta tese, permite gerar interações spin-órbita dos tipos Rashba e Dresselhaus, abrindo a possibilidade de simular, no âmbito dos íons armadilhados, os acoplamentos spin-órbita dos tipos Rashba e Dresselhaus, Zitterbewegung não usual e as curvas de Lissajou. Além disso, nesta tese apresentamos protocolo para produzir engenharia de interações confinadas aos subespaços do espaço de Fock. Mostramos como engenheirar os hamitonianos dos tipos Jaynes-Cumming e anti-Jaynes-Cumming confinadados aos subespaços de Fock delimitados superiormente ou inferiormente e também as interações Jaynes-Cumming e anti-Jaynes-Cumming confinados a uma fatia do espaço Fock. Esses hamitonias delimitados superiormente (inferiormente) atuam sobre os subespaço de Fock de |0⟩ a |M⟩ (|N⟩ α∞), enquanto aqueles confinados a uma fatia do espaço de Fock atuam sobre os subespaço de Fock de |M⟩ a |N⟩ com M < N. Enquanto que, as interações dos tipo Jaynes-Cumming ou anti-Jaynes-Cumming demilitadas superiormente conduzem qualquer estado inicial para o estado de Fock de quase-equilíbrio |N⟩ e as interações confinadas a uma fatia do espaço de Fock conduz qualquer estado inicial a superporsição de estados de Fock de equilíbrio, que estão confinados no subespaço {|N⟩ , |N + 1⟩}.In this dissertation we present a protocol to simulate, with a single two-leve trapped ion, the unusual zitterbewegung: the semiconductor analog of the relativistic trembling motion of eletron, allowing cycloidal trajectories in the absence of magnetic fields. Beyon zitterbewegung, we show how to generate Lissajou curves from the vibrational motion of an ion in two dimensional trap. Morever our protocol enables us to engineerthe Rashbaand the Dresselhaus-type spin-orbit interatiction, opening the possibility to simulate with a trapped ion, spin-orbit effects other than the unusual zitterbewegung and Lissajou curves. Moreover, in this work we present a protocol to engineer interactions confined to subspaces of the Fock space: we show how to engineer upper-, lower-bounded and sliced Jaynes-Cummings (JC) and anti-Jaynes-Cummings (AJC) Hamiltonians. The upperbounded (lower-bounded) interaction acting upon Fock subspaces ranging from |0⟩ to |M⟩ (|N⟩ to ∞), and the sliced one confined to Fock subspace ranging from |M⟩ to |N⟩, whatever M < N. Whereas the upper-bounded JC or AJC interactions is shown to drive any initial state to an equilibrium Fock states |N⟩, the sliced one is shown to produce equilibrium superpositions of Fock states confined to the sliced subspaces {|N⟩ , |N + 1⟩}.
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Nordgren, Meliss. "Business as usual? : En fallstudie om hur företag förbereder sig inför Brexit." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326029.
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Storbritannien beslutade år 2016 att gå ur EU, ett fenomen som kom att benämnas som ”Brexit”. Utträdet kommer att påverka de företag som är verksamma på den brittiska marknaden. Denna studie ämnar undersöka hur företagen förbereder sig inför Brexit. Utgångspunkten är institutionell teori där företag antas påverkas av förändringar i sin omgivning. Tre multinationella företag som bedriver verksamhet i Sverige och Storbritannien har studerats genom intervjuer med deras representanter. Även tre branschorganisationer har studerats på samma sätt, varav deras syn har använts i trianguleringssyfte för att stödja fallföretagens uttalanden. Analys har skett genom kodning av intervjuerna, med hjälp av nyckelord och teman. Studiens resultat visar att endast ett av företagen förbereder sig inför Brexit. Utifrån analysen dras slutsatsen att företag som blir mer involverade i Brexit får en tydligare bild av dess framtida effekter, och därmed även förbereder sig i en högre grad.
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Partula, Valentin. "A nutritional epidemiology study of human gut microbiota - Associations with the systemic metabolism and usual diet of the host and relationships between dietary fibers and the host’s health." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7119.
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Il est désormais admis que le microbiote intestinal joue un rôle prépondérant dans la santé de son hôte humain. Le co-métabolisme hôte-microbiote produit un très grand nombre de biomolécules intégrées au sein d’axes métaboliques complexes. De ce fait, le microbiote intestinal est considéré comme un organe endocrine à part entière. Bien que de nombreuses études se soient attachées à la caractérisation fonctionnelle spécifique de certaines molécules, les études envisageant plus globalement les relations métaboliques entre l’hôte et son microbiote intestinal restent rares. Parmi les nombreux facteurs influençant la composition et l’activité métabolique du microbiote intestinal, l’alimentation joue un rôle prépondérant. Toutefois, les relations entre l’alimentation usuelle et le microbiote intestinal n’ont pas été complètement élucidées. La compréhension des facteurs modulant le microbiote intestinal est un enjeu majeur des recherches actuelles, car des liens entre le microbiote intestinal et de nombreuses pathologies (troubles gastro-intestinaux, cardio-métaboliques, neuropsychiatriques, etc.) ont été suggérés. Dans ce contexte, nous avons utilisé une approche épidémiologique pour caractériser les associations entre la composition du microbiote intestinal d’une part et le métabolisme systémique et l’alimentation usuelle de l’hôte d’autre part, au sein de la population Milieu Intérieur (N=1 000). Enfin, dans la cohorte prospective NutriNet-Santé (N≈160 000), nous avons analysé les associations entre la consommation de fibres d’une part et le risque de maladies chroniques et le microbiote intestinal d’autre part.Nos résultats décrivent des associations spécifiques entre les caractéristiques du microbiote intestinal et certaines composantes du métabolisme de l’hôte, et suggèrent un rôle important de l’axe intestin-rein. De plus, des associations inverses entre la diversité du microbiote intestinal et la consommation d’aliments caractéristiques du régime occidental ont été détectées. Enfin, nos travaux confirment que la consommation de fibres est associée à une réduction du risque de maladies chroniques, dans un contexte où un nombre croissant d’études suggère une implication du microbiote intestinal dans de tels effetsIt is now admitted that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the health status of its human host. It is indeed fully recognized as an endocrine organ producing biologically active molecules which are integrated within human metabolism. However, comprehensive studies characterizing host-gut microbial metabolic relationships remain scarce. Numerous factors have been shown to exert a modulatory impact on the gut microbiota. Notably, diet is supposed to be a major driver, but the relationships between usual diet and the gut microbiota are not fully elucidated yet. Furthermore, many studies have suggested the implication of the gut microbiota in a wide range of disease states, such as gastrointestinal, cardio-metabolic, neuropsychiatric, etc. disorders. Thus, understanding the factors influencing the gut microbiota constitutes an active area of research. In this context, we adopted an epidemiological approach to investigate one of the largest population-based samples so far (Milieu Intérieur population, N=1,000). We notably assessed the associations between gut microbiota composition on one hand and the systemic metabolism and the usual diet of the host on the other. Finally, in the NutriNet-Santé cohort (N≈160,000), we investigated the associations between the intake of dietary fibers and the risk of a variety of chronic diseases, and described how dietary fibers are associated with the gut microbiota.Overall, our results suggest that gut bacterial features are specifically associated with certain components of the systemic metabolism of the host, and we hypothesize a substantial role of the gut-kidney axis. Besides, negative associations between food items for which a limited consumption is generally recommended (i.e. processed foods) and gut microbial features were detected. Additionally, we confirm robust inverse associations between the consumption of dietary fibers and several major chronic diseases. Mounting evidence suggests that such effects could be mediated by the gut microbiota
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Hennemann, Luciano. "Detecção de movimentos não usuais no espaço_fase." Universidade do Vale do Rio do Sinos, 2008. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/2266.
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Este trabalho tem como finalidade apresentar um modelo para detecção de comportamentos não usuais baseados em trajetórias. O modelo segue uma linha de pesquisa bastante atual na área de câmeras inteligentes ou vigilância electrônica que tende a concorrer com a enorme variedade de dispositivos baseadas em hardware hoje disponíveis no mercado. O fundamento está no processamento das trajetórias de pedestres ou objetos adquiridas por meio de filmagens feitas de ambientes com tráfego. O modelo é fundamentado em um período de treinamento, onde irá aprender o perfil das trajetórias selecionando, agrupando e posteriormente, guardando-as em um banco de dados. Depois irá compará-las com trajetórias novas que vão sendo adquiridas continuamente no período de teste ou operação propriamentte dito. No período de teste, uma trajetória será classificada com usual se compatível com as trajetórias adquiridas durante o treinamento, ou não usual, caso contrário. Neste trabalho, portanto, serão apresentados algoritmos que detectam
This work aims to present a model for detection of unusual motion based on trajectories. This model relates to the research field on intelligent cameras and surveillance systems, that tends to compete nowadays with the enormous range of devices based in hardware available on the market. The main idea of the proposed approach is to analyze trajectories acquired from film scenes. The first step of the algorithm consists of a training period, that learns the profile of trajectories, selecting, grouping and later, keeping them in a database. After that, the algorithm compares new trajectories that are being acquired continously in the test period. In test period, one given trajectory will be classified as usual if it is compatible with the trajectories acquired during the training period, or unusual otherwise. This work, therefore, will present algorithms that detect patterns of similarity between a set of trajectories in the training period with each new trajectory acquired in the test period
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Leblond-Portefaix, Françoise. "Brûlures : des traitements usuels aux thérapies nouvelles." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P018.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Stephan Mühlig, Jens Klotsche, P. Kardos, T. Ritz, and Oliver Riedel. "Omalizumab versus ‘Usual Care’: Results from a Naturalistic Longitudinal Study in Routine Care." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-117621.
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Background: It is unclear how far the superior efficacy of omalizumab, established in randomized controlled clinical trials of patients with severe allergic asthma (SAA), translates into routine practice and when compared to matched controls. Methods: New-onset omalizumab-treated (OT) patients with SAA (n = 53) were compared to a matched control group of usual-care (UC) patients (n = 53). Treatment and procedures were naturalistic. Subsequent to a baseline assessment, patients were followed up over at least 6 months with at least two follow-up assessments. Primary clinical outcomes were the number of asthma attacks, persistence of asthma symptoms and degree of control [asthma control test (ACT), Global Initiative for Asthma]. Secondary outcome criteria were quality of life (Euro-Qol 5D) and number of medications. For each outcome we compared within-group effects from baseline to 6-month follow-up as well as between-group effects. Results: OT patients showed significant improvements in number [effect size (ES) = 0.03] and frequency (ES = 0.04) of asthma attacks as well as asthma control (ES = 0.09), whereas controls revealed no significant improvements in these measures. Further improvements in the OT group were found for ‘perceived control always’ (ACT, p = 0.006), no impairment (ACT, p = 0.02), reduction of sickness days (p = 0.002) and number of medications needed (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Substantial beneficial effects of omalizumab, similar to those observed in controlled trials and after marketing studies, were confirmed, particularly with regard to the reduction of asthma attacks, persistence of symptoms, asthma control and reduction of concomitant asthma medications. This study provides a tougher test and generalizable evidence for the effectiveness of omalizumab in routine care.
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Burton, Rachel. "Do people with a usual source of care use the emergency department less?" CONNECT TO ELECTRONIC THESIS, 2007. http://dspace.wrlc.org/handle/1961/4170.
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Dindinger, Robert Virgil. "Social Support and Youth Psychotherapy Outcomes: Examining Change Processes in Usual Care Settings." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3654.
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A prominent need in youth psychotherapy literature includes the examination of factors related to improved psychotherapeutic outcomes within the context of "real world" clinical settings, where the practice of psychotherapy differs significantly from that in controlled clinical trials. In examining those factors related to improved outcomes in youth psychotherapy, variables related to social support are important to consider. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate youth perceptions of social support as a potential predictor of successful treatment outcomes in a traditional community outpatient treatment setting for youth. In addition, this study examined whether perceptions of social support predicted both youth and parent-reported symptoms. Also examined were differential outcomes predicted by social support for youth with primarily internalizing vs. externalizing symptoms. Youth and parent-reported symptoms were measured using the Y-OQ and the Y-OQ-SR (Y-OQ; Burlingame, Wells, Lambert, & Cox, 2004; Y-OQ-SR; Wells, Burlingame, & Rose, 2003). Perceived social support was measured using the TSM social support subscale for youth reporters. Internalizing and externalizing symptoms were measured using the CBCL. Using a combination of Analysis of Variance and Hierarchical Linear Modeling with a sample of 199 youth, aged 10-17, and their parents, this study examined the relationship between perceived social support and youth progress in therapy. Results revealed that youth perceptions of social support were significantly associated with youth intake symptoms for both parent and youth-reported symptoms. In addition, youth-reported perceptions of social support improved significantly over the course of treatment. Also, increased overall change in perceived social support was associated with decreased overall symptoms for youth reporters. Finally, no significant differences were found for youth presenting with primarily internalizing vs. primarily externalizing symptoms. Examining the associations between perceptions of social support and youth psychotherapy outcomes is an important step toward identifying potential mechanisms of change in youth mental health treatment. The results of this study provide valuable information on the importance of attending to perceptions of social support in the assessment and treatment of youth mental health issues.
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Wittchen, Hans-Ulrich, Stephan Mühlig, Jens Klotsche, P. Kardos, T. Ritz, and Oliver Riedel. "Omalizumab versus ‘Usual Care’: Results from a Naturalistic Longitudinal Study in Routine Care." Technische Universität Dresden, 2012. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27035.
Full textAbstract:
Background: It is unclear how far the superior efficacy of omalizumab, established in randomized controlled clinical trials of patients with severe allergic asthma (SAA), translates into routine practice and when compared to matched controls. Methods: New-onset omalizumab-treated (OT) patients with SAA (n = 53) were compared to a matched control group of usual-care (UC) patients (n = 53). Treatment and procedures were naturalistic. Subsequent to a baseline assessment, patients were followed up over at least 6 months with at least two follow-up assessments. Primary clinical outcomes were the number of asthma attacks, persistence of asthma symptoms and degree of control [asthma control test (ACT), Global Initiative for Asthma]. Secondary outcome criteria were quality of life (Euro-Qol 5D) and number of medications. For each outcome we compared within-group effects from baseline to 6-month follow-up as well as between-group effects. Results: OT patients showed significant improvements in number [effect size (ES) = 0.03] and frequency (ES = 0.04) of asthma attacks as well as asthma control (ES = 0.09), whereas controls revealed no significant improvements in these measures. Further improvements in the OT group were found for ‘perceived control always’ (ACT, p = 0.006), no impairment (ACT, p = 0.02), reduction of sickness days (p = 0.002) and number of medications needed (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Substantial beneficial effects of omalizumab, similar to those observed in controlled trials and after marketing studies, were confirmed, particularly with regard to the reduction of asthma attacks, persistence of symptoms, asthma control and reduction of concomitant asthma medications. This study provides a tougher test and generalizable evidence for the effectiveness of omalizumab in routine care.
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Vukatana, Rezarte. "Intermediated securities holding infrastructure : an avant-garde system jeopardised by the usual suspects." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2013. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/8ywqv/intermediated-securities-holding-infrastructure-an-avant-garde-system-jeopardised-by-the-usual-suspects.
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This study deals with two important and contemporary phenomena at the heart of the financial markets and the policymaking process i.e. (i) the policymaker’s role on the critical features of the intermediated holding infrastructure that exacerbate securities shortfall; and (ii) the purposeless effect of policymaking. The main aims of this study are to contribute to the deficient awareness on the former and provide a long-needed framework of analysis for the latter, which represent also the originality and the significance of this study. The intermediated securities holding system is a financial market infrastructure: (i) operated by intermediaries (banks and other financial firms and market infrastructures), and (ii) where the securities are acquired, held and disposed of in book-entry (electronic) form with the intermediation of such a party. This is a fundamental but technical and silent aspect of the financial markets understood by a few people who are experts on the subject. The modern shape of the intermediated holding infrastructure has been determined not only by its private players but also substantially by the policymaker. We have observed several characteristics of the system, reinforced by the policymaker, that deserve continuous scrutiny in terms of investor protection such as the infrastructure complexity, lack of system transparency, asymmetric advantage of intermediaries, risky proliferation of the asset reuse chain and complex investor protection regimes to name a few. We argue that these critical characteristics contribute to a system difficult to be understood and disciplined by the investor and which is vulnerable to securities shortfall. The shortfall is ultimately born by the investor directly or as a taxpayer indirectly, in the case of severe shortfalls in the system that require bailout or bail-in intervention, an outcome that defies the primary purpose of the policymaker’s intervention in the infrastructure i.e. investor protection. The main result stemming from the above observation is that we may be dealing with a typical case of the purposeless effect of policymaking on the infrastructure i.e. consequences that defy the very purpose of the acts that influenced such consequences. To our dissatisfaction, however, the existing literature suffers from the lack of a proper framework for analysing the purposeless consequences of policymaking and the inherent factors that lead to such consequences (the “usual suspects”). In the second part of this study we fill this gap by developing such a framework. For this purpose we have borrowed R.K. Merton’s framework for analysing the problematic consequences of social action (1936) and whose traces can be found unacknowledged though deeply embedded in the more contemporary theories. This framework consists in a typology of the inherent factors that produce unanticipated consequences such as lack of information, error, imperious immediacy of interest, basic values and self-fulfilling and self-defeating prophecy. We have extended this framework to include the intentional aspect of the action and have enriched it with persuasive insights from various disciplines, such as information asymmetry, behavioural biases, capture theory, laissez-fare and paternalistic ideologies of policymaking and performativity to name a few. As a result we offer a comprehensive, balanced, strong, contemporary, multidisciplinary and promising framework for analysing the purposeless consequences of policymaking in general, including on the intermediated holding infrastructure in particular. Ultimately, due to its general applicability, the framework provides a common theoretical and practical ground for the hypothesis, debates and applications on various actors’ behaviour to take place, the suitability and the review of the policymaking process being only one of them.
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Nguyen, Duc Phuong. "Confinements non-usuels dans les boîtes quantiques semiconductrices." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011374.
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Cette thèse porte sur des calculs numériques des propriétés électroniques et optiques des boîtes quantiques avec des confinements non-usuels tels que des boîtes de InGaN/GaN, des tétrapodes de CdSe,...Après avoir présenté les méthodes de calculs numériques utilisées tout au long de cette thèse, nous commençons par étudier théoriquement un super-réseau des boîtes quantiques InAs/GaAs avec une petite périodicité. Cette petite périodicité entraîne l'alignement vertical des boîtes quantiques. Nous montrons que l'état fondamental ne couple qu'avec les états du continuum qui ont presque la même extension dans le plan pour les excitations avec la polarisation suivant la direction de croissance (z). En conséquence de ces couplages particuliers, les photo-réponses en polarisation z ne changent pas quand un champ magnétique est appliqué parallèle à z malgré la présence de nombreux états de quasi-Landau dans le continuum. Nous montrons ensuite qu'une absorption lié-continuum forte en polarisation dans le plan peut être obtenue si l'on réduit la taille latérale des boîtes. Ces résultats sont utilisés pour expliquer les résultats expérimentaux obtenus à Vienne. Dans ce travail effectué en collaboration, nous étudions théoriquement et expérimentalement les photo-détecteurs basés sur des boîtes quantiques InAs/GaAs insérées dans un super-réseau, sans ou avec les barrières de AlAs. Nous montrons que ces structures périodiques peuvent être utilisées pour fabriquer des photo-détecteurs dans la gamme infrarouge lointain. Les spectres de photo-courant sont en bon accord avec les spectres d'absorption optique obtenus par nos calculs.
Nous nous intéressons aussi à des hétéro-structures à base de nitrure. Ces semi-conducteurs présentent des propriétés physiques originales comme des grandes masses effectives, de grands offsets de bande, un champ piézo-électrique colossal, ... Nous nous focalisons sur les hétéro-structures InGaN/GaN sur lesquelles de nombreuses applications opto-électroniques sont basées. Nous montrons que les effets du désordre ainsi que les grandes valeurs physiques rendent l'Approximation du Cristal Virtuel non valable dans ces systèmes. Enfin, nous effectuons des calculs des structures électroniques des tétrapodes de CdSe. Nous montrons que les quatre premiers états sont confinés en grande partie dans le corps sphérique, ce qui est cohérent avec les spectres expérimentaux.
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Nguyên, Duc Phuong. "Confinements non-usuels dans les boîtes quantiques semiconductrices." Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011374.
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Dwyer, Edward J. "The Preface: A Model for Using This Valuable but Usually Overlooked Part of a Book." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1985. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3373.
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Crete-Roffet, Frédérique. "Estimer, mesurer et corriger les artefacts de compression pour la télévision numérique." Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10218.
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La compression, nécessaire à la transmission des images numériques diffusées sur les télévisions, est responsable de dégradations appelées artefacts. Pour obtenir des images de meilleure qualité, la correction des artefacts doit être efficace, robuste au large panel dimages diffusées, et simple pour que ces images soient traitées en temps réel avant leur diffusion. Pour obtenir ce compromis, notre étude se divise en 3 axes : l'estimation, la mesure et la correction. En estimant quels sont les artefacts les plus gênants et les risques encourus à les corriger, nous définissons la problématique de ce travail : comment corriger les effets de bloc et de ringing qui sont des artefacts de compression sans risquer de faire apparaître un artefact de correction tel que le flou ?. Les métriques objectives, validées par des tests subjectifs, permettent de mesurer ces artefacts. L'étude de l'état de l'art, associée à la modélisation de notre manière de percevoir ces artefacts, nous permet d’aboutir au développement du BLE (Block Level Estimator) et du BluM (Blur Metric), métriques objectives destinées à estimer respectivement leffet de bloc et le flou sur une image. La correction de l’effet de bloc et de l’effet de ringing peut ensuite être guidée et validée par ces métriques. Nous proposons des modules permettant d’améliorer, de rendre plus robustes et d’implémenter facilement les corrections existantes. Puis, pour résoudre la problématique, nous intégrons ces modules dans une solution générale appelée SQDSE (Studio Quality Digital Source Enhancement) destinée à supprimer les effets de bloc et de ringing. La structure du SQDSE et sa validation par des tests visuels et par les résultats du BLE et du BluM montrent que le compromis entre l'efficacité, la robustesse et la simplicité est atteintThe compression of image data is mandatory for the TV broadcast but generates a number of artefacts. In order to increase the overall image- quality, each correction for a given artefact has to be efficient, reliable and should use low cost operators in order to limit the processing time prior to the image display. To reach this compromise, this study is divided in 3 parts : artefacts estimation, measurement and correction. We define the problematic of this work by estimating the most annoying artefacts and the risks of their corrections : how can we correct the blocking and the ringing effects, that are typical compression artefacts, still limiting the blur effect which is the main artefact of the correction ?. These artefacts can be measured by objective metrics which are themselves validated by subjective tests. Based on the study of state-of-the-art solutions and on our analysis of the human perception of these artefacts, we develop two new metrics, the BLE (Block Level Estimator) and the BluM (Blur Metric) which are respectively able to evaluate the blocking and the blur effects in an image. These metrics can be used to validate and to help controlling the corrections. Consequently, we propose new modules to improve existing corrections, to increase their reliability and that can be easily plugged into current solutions. Then, to solve our initial problem, we integrate these modules within a new complete solution, named SQDSE (Studio Quality Digital Source Enhancement), for the correction of the blocking and ringing effects. Its structure and its successful validation both by visual tests and by the BluM and BLE objective quality metrics show that the SQDSE meets all our initial requirements in terms of efficiency, reliability and simplicity