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1
Reeve, W. Paul. ""A Little Oasis in the Desert": Community Building in Hurricane, Utah, 1860-1930." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1994. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,38752.
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Creque, Jeffrey A. "An Ecological History of Tintic Valley, Juab County, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 1996. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6477.
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This work was a case study of historical ecological change in Tintic Valley, Juab County, Utah, an area historically impacted by mining and ranching activities common to much of the American West. The temporal framework for the study was approximately 120 years, the period of direct Euroamerican influence. In recognition of the ecological implications of cultural change, however, the impacts of prehistoric and protohistoric human activity on study area landscape patterns and processes were also explicitly addressed.
The study included a narrative description of historic land uses and ecological change in Tintic Valley, and examined the changes in landscape patterns and processes so revealed within the context of the state and transition model of rangeland dynamics. The case of Tintic Valley thus served as a test of the heuristic utility of the theory of self-organization in ecological systems, within which the state and transition model is embedded. This theoretical framework in turn was used to gain insight into the present state of the Tintic landscape, how that state has changed over time, and the nature of those forces leading to transitions between system states in the historic period.
The study employed archival research, personal interviews, repeat photography, field surveys, aerial photographs, and a geographic information system (GIS) to identify, describe, and quantify historic-era change in Tintic Valley landscape level patterns and processes. The analysis revealed dramatic change in both the landscape vegetation mosaic and the channel network of the study area over time. Evidence was found for direct anthropogenic influence in precipitating those changes, primarily through tree harvesting associated with mining and ranching activities and through the effects of historic roads and railroads on the Tintic Valley gully network. Results supported the working hypothesis of a change in system state in the Tintic Valley landscape in the historic period.
Taken together, historical narrative and theoretical context permitted a degree of prediction with respect to potential future conditions for the study area under different management scenarios. Future research directions and implications of the research results for ecosystem management are also discussed.
3
Demas, Nicholas Andrew. "Communities of Memory: The Utah History Fair and the Utilization of History and Memory." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1743.
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Utah's students, grades 4-12, create projects for the Utah History Fair, Utah's National History Day affiliate program, annually. As far as the rigors of youth academic prowess are concerned, National History Day and the Utah History Fair are amongst the top in the nation. Within the myriad of projects created by Utah's participating students is important information about what aspects of the past captures students' attention and why they choose to research their selected topics. Through a careful examination of student topics from 1981-1984 and 2009-2012, this project taps into what students comprehend about the past. Further inspection into why students choose their topics, in their own words, explains students' motives for selecting different historical events for research. On a more immediate level, the information gathered and disseminated in this thesis can be used to create stronger Utah History Fair and National History Day projects. The evidence also provides additional assistance to those seeking future utilization of the past in the grade school classroom in regards to what students are interested in studying.
4
Lund, Jennifer L. "The Girl Scouts in Utah : an administrative history, 1921-1985 /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1986. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,23540.
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Harris, William B. "The geologic history of Rock Canyon, Utah : a virtual trip /." CLICK HERE for online access, 2002. http://www.geology.byu.edu/faculty/rah/slides/Rock%20Canyon/Home.htm.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Geology, 2002.Web site works as of 02/10/03. Consult BYU Dept of Geology for URL changes in future. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 8-9). Also available via Internet.
6
Richardson, Joseph G. "An Examination of Mt. Pleasant, Utah, 1859-1939." BYU ScholarsArchive, 1991. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5071.
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This thesis examines the first eighty years of Mt. Pleasant's history. Religion permeated the community affecting all areas of life, from education to the economy. This analysis will demonstrate how the characteristics described by May influenced the development of this community.
7
Horn, Petra M. "Silent Saints: Deaf Mormons in Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1688.
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Research for this thesis drew on the network of Deaf Mormon wards/branches, newspapers, magazines, books, unpublished documents, personal collections, and oral interviews to illustrate the religious activities engaged in by deaf Latter-day Saints at the national and local levels during the mid and late twentieth century America. The study focused on the theological perspectives, church participation, and personal experiences of deaf Mormons with a special focus on the accommodations the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day ·Saints has for the deaf populace. This special attention was used to examine and demonstrate the influence and attractions the Mormon religion has for deaf people, who share similar cultural background and use the same language, distinct from the hearing world. Deaf Mormons' church experiences mirrored those of deaf non-Mormons. However, the Deaf culture itself surfaced as a distinct religious component for Mormons with hearing loss. Deaf Mormons both mesh with the general LDS religion and maintain their own separate sense of community. Data gathered through interviews was preserved in a videotape collection. These videotapes were then transcribed and analyzed for both patterns of information and individual points of view.
8
Durfey, David T. "Aberrant Mormon Settlers: The Homesteaders of Highland, Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1992. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,28430.
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Burns, Marlies. "A history of the development of charter school legislation in Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1293.
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The Utah Legislature enacted charter school legislation in 1998 in order to offer the state's first school-choice option. The legislation came following a task force discussion about the pros and cons of school choice and what school choice should look like in Utah. There was not agreement among task force constituents about what should be contained in the legislation, nor which entity should be responsible for the monitoring or oversight of the eight pilot charter schools. Since enactment, Utah charter school legislation has changed during most legislative sessions with some establishing stronger charter school laws and some establishing weaker ones. Strong charter school laws are designed to provide for the establishment of high-quality charter schools. In contrast, weak charter school laws would not provide for the establishment (or accountability) of high-quality charter schools. Despite the legislative changes, 81 charter schools are now in operation, serving nearly 44,900 students and seven more charter schools are in queue to open in fall 2012. Literature, interviewees, and the researcher all offered recommendations to strengthen the charter school environment in Utah that focused around topics such as flexibility from laws, changes in school funding, strengthening the authorizer environment, and working to create legitimate school choice options for all students.
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Tucker, J. Kent. "An Examination of the Mormon Settlement of Syracuse, Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1987. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,38552.
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Tibbitts, Hazel McLean. "Study of the Pioneers of Providence, Utah and their Children." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1988. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,25508.
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Shelley, Wayne R. "The Development and Failure of Historic Agricultural Communities of Utah: A Case Study of Johns Valley, Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1989. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,22807.
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Goydas, Michael J. "Stratigraphy, structure, and halokinetic history of Fisher Valley quadrangle, Grand County, Utah." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/16137.
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Stene, Eric. "The African-American Community of Ogden, Utah: 1910-1950." DigitalCommons@USU, 1994. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4526.
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The African-American community of Ogden, Utah started much of its growth in the early twentieth century. Prior to the early nineteen hundreds less than one hundred African Americans lived in Ogden. The availability of jobs with the railroads brought many African Americans to Ogden in search of steady employment. Through the decades Ogden's African Americans branched out from railroad and service work into business ownership. As the African-American community grew, its members established new churches in the city.
Racism and indifference had their impact on the African Americans. They found themselves segregated into specific neighborhoods and African-American males were unable to hold the priesthood in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Racism was not confined to members of the Mormon Church as the Ku Klux Klan attempted to make inroads into Ogden in the early 1920s. The Klan's limited influence lasted less than two years and soon disappeared due to efforts by the Ogden City Commission.
In the 1990s African Americans still comprised a small percentage of Ogden City and Weber County. The L.D.S. Church ended priesthood denial for African Americans in 1978. The study of Ogden's African-American community provides insight into a minority community in the western United States and contrasts the differences between race relations in the West and other geographic areas of the United States.
15
Frazier, Adam M. "The Geography of Polynesians in Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1997. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,7966.
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Thompson, Norma Eileen Pyper. "A Community Study of Coalville, Utah, 1859-1914." BYU ScholarsArchive, 1990. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5169.
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This thesis is about a small Mormon community, Coalville, Utah, during the time period 1859 to 1914. Coalville is located in the northeastern section of the state of Utah in Summit County on Interstate 80. Although Coalville remained small in population, it is worthwhile to study its origins, the people who built its institutions, its social life and economy and how it developed from a mere camping spot on the road between Salt Lake to Wyoming into a stable community. Coalville's development was significant to the growth and culture of Utah. The founders experienced the usual pioneer struggles to conquer the wilderness and were rewarded by seeing their children established in substantial homes and enjoying the benefits of church activity, a good school system, and a way to provide the necessities of life for their families. From information found in primary sources such as early pioneer journals, newspaper reports, oral interviews, family records, U. S. Census reports for 1870 and 1900, and reports from the U. S. Geological Survey, and by use of secondary sources in books and articles, it was possible to connect the lives of Coalville residents with the development of early coal mines in Utah, the coming of the railroad, the political situation between Mormons and gentiles in Summit County, and the institution of various enterprises to help the growth of the economy. Limiting factors to extended growth were the lack of sufficient arable land and natural resources upon which to base industrial development. Agriculture became the main base of the economy. Those who could not find remunerative work on farms or in town-serving enterprises after the decline of the mining industry necessarily moved away. The research showed that the first decades of the twentieth century were profitable to the agriculturists of Coalville when abundant markets became available prior to World War I. Coalville residents participated in the general prosperity then abounding for other farmers in the nation.
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Warnick, Jill Thorley. "Women Homesteaders in Utah, 1869-1934." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1985. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,31054.
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Walker, Jesse Lloyd. "Feathers and Steel: A Folkloric Study of Cockfighting in Northern Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 1986. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4983.
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The scope of this thesis is to make a statement on the sport of cockfighting as it is practiced in the counties of northern Utah. It is a sport that has a long and colorful history, a unique body of lore and is practiced by serious, dedicated men.
Cockfighting history emanated from the Manu code of India through the Greek and Roman civilizations, spreading from there both east and west till it girdled the globe. The Roman traditions largely influenced the English Cockers who brought their sport to the American colonies. The southern gentry were quick to adopt the sport, where it continues to flourish to this day.
The sport spread west with the frontier and found its way to Utah early in the state's history. The Utah cockers follow the traditions of the southern cockers with some influence from the Mexican methods.
I was introduced to cockfighting at age fourteen and have been a devotee since. Through my studies in folklore I developed a keen interest in the body of folklore inherent in the sport. The methods of feeding, conditioning and fighting the battle cock are greatly influenced by folk practice. The concept I have labeled "folklaw" is also present as it applies to cockfighting.
The folklaw concept is the way the tension is resolved between the folk group engaged in an illegal sport and the law enforcement arm of the parent society. The code of the cockers is also protected in some degree by the same enforcement arm.
The cockers function as a folk group by passing tradition, craft ways and tales from one generation to the next. Because of the illegality of their sport, the cocker groups have a natural insularity. This makes for group coherence and integrity.
The cocker groups have a rich body of lore and ways that needs to be observed in the light of reason and impartiality rather than in the glare of media sensationalism. This study attempts to fulfill that purpose.
19
Fife, Jennifer L. "Pioneer Harmonies: Mormon Women and Music in Utah, 1847-1900." DigitalCommons@USU, 1994. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7480.
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By drawing on local newspapers and the diaries, journals, and autobiographies of nearly fifty pioneers, this thesis examined the varied musical experiences of Utah's Latter-day Saint women during the years 1847-1900, and sought to determine whether they followed national gender trends in music during this era. Women in nineteenth-century Utah participated in a wide variety of musical activities, including using music in their homes, taking lessons, and teaching. Women also composed and wrote song lyrics. Many women performed in community musical events, such as concerts and operas. Despite their accomplishments, women did face conflict over the demands of family responsibility and the desire to pursue public musical careers. In some cases, women retreated from performance or even abandoned their interest.
Nonetheless, music allowed these women to enrich their personal and social lives, express their feelings on a variety of topics, bond together in both religious and political sisterhood, and involve themselves more fully in their communities. In their many musical activities, women in Utah, often regarded as a singular or isolated population because of their affiliation with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, reflected changing trends for women throughout the United States. This became especially noticed as music became less a social accomplishment and more an expression of serious study through which women redefined their roles and society's acceptable standards for work and public performance.
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Tatton, Bronson Ron. "Design Guidelines for the Historic Downtown of the City of St. George, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/53.
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This document proposes historic preservation guidelines for the downtown area of the City of St. George, Utah. It grew from a summer internship with the city where I took inventory of the streetscape in the Historic Downtown and prepared recommendations in the form of a PowerPoint Presentation that was given to the city council. This paper summarizes the summer internship and introduces a more appropriate approach based on reflection of the internship. The new approach involves a thorough inventory of the historic character, in-depth research of the historic elements that contribute to the historic character, development of design guidelines and standards, reviews, and codification of the design guidelines and standards. The historic elements that contribute most to the city’s historic character are identified as 1) block and lot layout and building setbacks, 2) architecture, 3) irrigation ditches, 4) tree lined streets, and 5) other streetscape elements and site features. Through comprehensive research of old photography, literature, and existing conditions these historic elements are further defined. The historic elements are currently being specified in design guidelines and standards and reviewed by the city in preparation for possible codification. (173 pages)
21
Marianno, Scott D. "To Belong as Citizens: Race and Marriage in Utah, 1880-1920." DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4446.
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In the decades leading up to the twentieth century, social reformers and politicians, alarmed by Mormon political control (and polygamy) in Utah Territory, challenged Mormon whiteness and their competency for American citizenship. In re-examining Mormonism’s transition period, this study reveals how Mormon conformity to an encroaching American culture increased the movement’s exposure to discursive arguments on race-mixing, marriage, and eugenics that helped legitimize Mormon citizenship claims. Focusing on the themes of race, marriage, and citizenship, this thesis examines Mormonism’s racial transformation from not white to white as they assimilated and reified the racial ideology promoted by their Progressiveera contemporaries and asserted their own racial policies against peoples of African descent.
Beyond revealing the ways in which race influenced Mormon acceptance into American society, this thesis also features Mormons more prominently in the history of the American West by contextualizing the development of a racial bureaucracy in Utah tasked with enforcing the state’s 1888 miscegenation law. Utah’s miscegenation law, while creating enduring and often devastating consequences for couples whose choices and desires took them across the color line, also helped transform Utah into a western place in the twentieth century.
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Wheeler, Emily Anne Brooksby. "The Solitary Place Shall Be Glad for Them: Understanding and Treating Mormon Pioneer Gardens as Cultural Landscapes." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/899.
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The gardens of early Mormon pioneers are a unique cultural resource in the western United States, but little guidance has been provided for understanding or providing landscape treatments for Mormon landscapes. Mormon pioneers came to Utah and the Great Basin to escape religious persecution and build their own holy kingdom. In relative geographical isolation, they built towns that have a distinctive character delineating a Mormon cultural region in the West. Self-sufficiency was an important feature of these towns and of the religious culture of early Mormons, both because of their geographical isolation and their desire to be independent of the world, which they viewed as wicked. This emphasis on self-sufficiency made gardens and gardening an important part of every household, encouraged by religious leaders and individual need. The cultural and personal preferences of individuals did influence the style and contents of Mormon pioneer gardens, but perhaps not to the extent that the religious culture of self-sufficiency did.
When managing or treating Mormon pioneer landscapes or gardens, it is helpful to start by assessing any historic features that still exist. Then, the property owner or manager can choose one of the standard landscape treatments of preservation, rehabilitation, restoration, or reconstruction, or opt for some combination of these treatments. Because Mormon pioneers brought plants from all over the world, a large selection of heirloom plants may be suitable for historic Mormon landscapes. A few historic plants are no longer appropriate in Western landscapes because of ecological concerns such as invasiveness or water efficiency, but substitutions for these plants can be found by considering the plant's form, function, and meaning in the historic landscape.
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Thompson, Brett W. "An Ecological/Life History Comparison of Two Whitefish Species in Bear Lake, Utah/Idaho." DigitalCommons@USU, 2003. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4432.
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Ecological traits of the endemic Bear Lake whitefish Prosoopium abyssicola and the Bonneville whitefish prosopium silonotus were investigated. Spatial distributions indicated distinctive differences in depth contour preference. Catch per unit effort data indicated that Bonneville whitefish prefer shallow depths and warmer water temperatures, whereas Bear Lake whitefish prefer deep, cold water.
Diet differences between the two species were large. Differences in both age distribution and growth rate patterns were also observed. The Bonneville whitefish population was predominantly composed of juvenile age classes. Very large adults reached ages of 12-14 years. Bear Lake whitefish exhibited a different population structure with few young fish and larger proportions of older age classes. Some of these fish were aged over 35 years old. Both analyses suggest that the population structure of each species is the result of a stable or growing population.
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Smith, Tracey. "Agitators in the Land of Zion: The Anti-Vietnam War Movements at Brigham Young University, University of Utah, and Utah State University." DigitalCommons@USU, 1995. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7116.
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Through the vantage point of institutions of higher learning, Utah's distinction as a politically conservative state dominated by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is examined during the Vietnam War era. The three universities in the study-Brigham Young University, University of Utah, and Utah State University- are the three oldest and most populous universities in the state. This thesis concentrates on these three institutions and less on the politics of the state at the time. Studies showed that the universities, to varying degrees, exhibited antiwar sentiment Still, the campuses were less active in opposing the war, drawing only a very small percentage of students to demonstrations.
Brigham Young University's President, Ernest L. Wilkinson (1951-1971), vigorously guarded against signs of antiwar activity. He was involved in the 1966 spy ring, which organized students for surveillance of supposedly liberal faculty. Students who appeared to be antiwar were also scrutinized. Despite the negative sanctions on such students, a minority of pupils did oppose the war and Wilkinson's tactics.
The University of Utah produced the highest number of protesters, largely because of its more diverse and urban population. Many of the demonstrators at the U of U continued as activists in the Salt Lake Valley into the 1990s. Utah State University echoed the U of U, but to a lesser extent. Still, underground newspapers and an organized antiwar political party showed that USU also had a movement against the war. The administrations of the two schools figure into the text less powerfully than BYU's Wilkinson because they failed to become as involved in the debate.
Oral interviews dominate this thesis. Subjects were chosen according to their involvement in particular events or movements. Student newspapers and underground newspapers were also utilized.
This thesis attempted to recreate a tumultuous and turbulent time in American history. Utah's unique cultural slant showed that the Beehive State could not isolate itself from international events but also responded in its own way.
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Morris, John W. "'That Place Over There' A Journalistic Look at Latter-Day Corinne, the Last Gentile Railroad Boomtown in the Mormon Lands of Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 1987. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1376.
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The effort here, compiled over a nearly three-year period, is simply to encourage reporters of the mass media, those recorders of instant history on a daily basis, to take the time to put down in print somewhere the memories of old-timers everywhere. While centered in Corinne, Utah, the last rabble-rousing boomtown along the first transcontinental railroad to span the United States, this work is a collection of feature articles, laced with anecdotes and perhaps tall tales, of the type old-timers are eager to tell. It is a renegade mixture of oral and written histories and probably breaks most of the rules of structures research, but it attempts to add a little color, a little life, between the cold letters chiseled into cemetery headstones. If these stories are not put down for generations yet to come to read, to ponder and possibly to enjoy, they will be buried -- quite literally -- forever. Whether these stories are true or have been "blossomed" by retelling over the years is not the question here. Such stories add a perspective, and may haps a better understanding, to the dusty and often dry dates recited by children in elementary school. In this regard, these children will grow up, wed and work, and they will have their stories to tell, hopefully before they, too, die.
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Carney, Todd Forsyth. "Utah and Mormon Migration in the Twentieth Century: 1890 to 1955." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2061.
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Most Utahns spent the years between Mormon entry into the Great Basin and statehood for Utah pursuing the traditional frontier-rural life, a mode which had been an integral part of the American experience since earliest colonial times. After the Mormon capitulation and statehood, Utah moved into a transitional phase, a phase between the traditional and the modern in which elements of each were mixed and mingled. This phase ended with the Second World War.
This transition to modernity affected migration behavior. Seen in light of migration theory, the Utah experience is something of an anomaly. One theory says that migration is the result of pushes from one place-- unemployment, low wages, poor climate, and similar conditions--and pulls to other places--available jobs, better pay, and lots of sunshine. The history of Utah migration during prewar years suggests another kind of pull, the pull not from outside to leave but from within to stay. The need and commitment to remain in what some call Zion {the Mormon culture region} was strong until the Second world War. After the war other needs and commitments intervened. Government-funded G.I. Bill education and a new sense of personal efficacy caused some to leave Utah for larger industrial and commercial centers. This study concludes by focusing on the experience of a few Utah veterans who migrated to California during the early 1950s.
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Smith, Aaron. "The History of the Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning at Utah State University." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3876.
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This study presents an examination of the history of the Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning. The study uses both qualitative and quantitative methods to produce a holistic view of the events that influenced change with the Department and it is presented through a social constructionist lens. The qualitative methods were primarily driven by oral history interviews with former faculty, as well as analysis by the author of historical documents. The quantitative analysis involved the use of an alumni survey to measure changes in demographics, values, predispositions, and perceptions regarding the LAEP Department amongst the student body, and how those changes influenced the Department.
The historical findings are presented as a narrative from the origins of the Department in the late 1930s to 2014, covering the first seventy-five years of the program. The narrative is broadly organized into chronological sections (1939-1964, 1964-1972, 1972-1983, 1983-2001, 2001-2014), and broken up further by specific themes that run throughout the narrative (leadership, faculty, program development, facilities, technology, and student body). This thesis found that throughout the first seventy-five years of the Department’s history, change has been brought-about by numerous internal and external forces, and the people involved in the creation and development of the LAEP Department were influenced by a broad range of social and professional trends. Notably, the creation of a core faculty in the 60s and 70s set the agenda for changes that occurred within the LAEP Department for the next forty years, and that their strengths and weaknesses were manifest in the Department's development.
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Holt, Kamia Walton. "The Sound of Utah: the Presence of Geographical Elements in Music Written About the State of Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1997. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,35377.
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Carter, Andrea Kaye. "Bushnell General Military Hospital And The Community of Brigham City, Utah During World War II." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/162.
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Bushnell General Military Hospital was an Army World War II hospital in Brigham City, Utah from August 1942 to June 1946. It specialized in treating amputations, maxillofacial surgery, neuropsychiatric conditions, and tropical diseases. It was also one of the first hospitals to experimentally use penicillin. Bushnell was a regional facility for wounded solders from the Mountain States that provided quality medical care to patients. The community of Brigham City and the citizens of other Northern Utah communities were an integral part of the success of Bushnell. Citizens donated time, supplies, and money to support the facility and to assist in the care and rehabilitation of injured GIs. Celebrities also visited Bushnell to promote morale, and some disabled Americans assisted injured patients. The hospital staff, along with Northern Utahns, played an important role in helping to rehabilitate and reintroduce injured soldiers into society. Brigham City was also effected by Bushnell Hospital. One major problem was a shortage of housing in Brigham City, which led citizens to rent to family members of patients in private homes. Another was infrastructure needed to support the hospital. However, the benefits mostly outweighed the problems. The city and surrounding communities benefited from the job growth at Bushnell and in Brigham. Downtown businesses received additional revenue from patrons. Because the hospital came to Brigham City, some citizens also met Japanese Americans and German and Italian POWs in addition to those connected to Bushnell. This led Brigham citizens to develop friendships with people they might have not met otherwise. When the war ended, the subsequent closure of Bushnell General Military Hospital brought these benefits to an end, and Brigham City and other Northern Utahn communities hastened to find a new occupant for the hospital facility to ensure jobs. In 1950, it became the Intermountain Indian School. The school closed in 1984, and now businesses and homes occupy the site.
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Nelson, Jessica. "The “Mississippi of the West”: Religion, Conservatism, and Racial Politics in Utah, 1960–1978." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6641.
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Historians and Mormon scholars have largely ignored the African American experience in Utah during the latter half of the twentieth century. A close examination of Utah politics during the years 1960 to 1978 shows the profound influence of Mormonism and Latter-day Saint institutions in seemingly secular spaces, such as college campuses and state government. This work demonstrates how LDS theology and culture informed the sociopolitical landscape and contributed to white conservative resistance to racial equality readily found in Utah. Racial discrimination was not unique to Utah, but it did have its own particular flavor because of the predominance of Latter-day Saints in the state. This thesis explores the scholarship written about African Americans in Utah and elucidates the ways in which LDS theology and Church leadership extensively affected African American life in the Beehive State.
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Fish, Rick J. "The Southern Utah Expedition of Parley P. Pratt: 1849-1850." BYU ScholarsArchive, 1992. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4682.
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In 1849, President Brigham Young commissioned a fifty man company, headed by Parley P. Pratt, to explore Southern Utah for possible colonization. The four month trek spanned the coldest months of the winter, and afforded some very harrowing and hazardous experiences. These events weave a heroic story filled with excitement and adventure, while simultaneously revealing the tremendous dedication and fortitude on the part of the explorers to successfully complete their mission.Many of the Southern Utah colonies that were initiated in the subsequent years following the expedition were based on information gathered during this seven-hundred mile expedition. In addition, their findings provided a crucial link in Brigham Young's imminent decision to colonize southern Utah.
32
Hansen, Bradley Paul. "An Environmental History of the Bear River Range, 1860-1910." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1724.
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The study of environmental history suggests that nature and culture change all the time, but that the rate and scale of such change can vary enormously. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Anglo settlement in the American West transformed landscapes and ecologies, creating new and complex environmental problems. This transformation was particularly impressive in Cache Valley, Utah's Bear River Range. From 1860 to 1910, Mormon settlers overused or misused the Bear River Range's lumber, grazing forage, wild game, and water resources and introduced invasive plant and animal species throughout the area. By the turn of the 20th century, broad overuse of natural resources caused rivers originating in the Bear River Range to decline. To address the water shortage, a small group of conservation-minded intellectuals and businessmen in Cache Valley persuaded local stockmen and farmers to support the creation of the Logan Forest Reserve in 1903. From 1903 to1910, forest managers and forest users attempted to restore the utility of the landscape (i.e., bring back forage and improve watershed conditions) however, they quickly discovered that the landscape had changed too much; nature would not cooperate with their human-imposed restoration timelines and desires for greater profit margins. Keeping in mind the impressive rate and scale of environmental decline, this thesis tells the heretofore untold environmental history of the Bear River Range from 1860 to 1910. It engages this history from an ecological and social perspective by (1) exploring how Mormon settlers altered the landscape ecology of the Bear River Range and (2) discussing the reasons why forest managers and forest users failed to quickly restore profitability to the mountain landscape from 1903-1910. As its value, a study of the Bear River Range offers an intimate case study of environmental decline and attempted restoration in the western United States, and is a reminder of how sensitive our mountain ranges really are.
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Fleming, Robert E. "The Real Utah War: the Mountaineer's Efforts to Combat the Valley Tan." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1996. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,7960.
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Allread, Tyler M. "Channel Narrowing of the Green River near Green River, Utah: History, Rates, and Processes of Narrowing." DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6525.
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Previous scientific research has documented channel narrowing on the Green River near Green River, Utah, but the exact timing, rates, and causal mechanisms of that narrowing have been the source of disagreement in the scientific literature. This thesis demonstrates that the Green River has narrowed in two separate periods during the last 100 years. The narrowing is driven primarily by changes in the hydrologic regime and not by the invasion of saltcedar. The channel narrowed between 1930 and 1938, when a shift from wetter than normal conditions to a period of draught led to a reduction in river discharge. Channel width then remained relatively stable until construction of Flaming Gorge Dam in 1962, despite the presence of saltcedar. Narrowing has occurred since dam construction.
Detailed analysis of the formation of an inset floodplain deposit indicates that it formed by a process of vertical accretion, during incremental events. Inset bank deposits within the study area are composed primarily of particles smaller than 0.125 mm. Measurement of suspended sand distribution within the water column shows that particles of this size are carried in suspension by the 2-yr flood. Continued vertical accretion over time elevated the floodplain surface until inundation rarely occurs.
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Smith, Alex D. "The Symphony in America: Maurice Abravanel, and the Utah Symphony Orchestra: The Battle for Classical Music." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2002. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5125.
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Between 1947 and 1979 the Utah Symphony Orchestra was transformed from an obscure, part-time, amateur orchestra into one of the major symphony orchestras in America. By 1947 the orchestra, which had begun as a Works Progress Administration organization, was barely hanging on. The symphony struggled to remain financially solvent, performing only a few concerts per year. Thirty-two years later the Utah Symphony Orchestra was one of the most prestigious musical ensembles in the country— receiving rave reviews from critics around the world, touring extensively, and with more than a hundred albums to its credit. The remarkable growth of the Utah Symphony Orchestra during this period is largely attributable to the efforts of one man—Maurice Abravanel. Abravanel's unwaveiing commitment to furthering classical music was responsible for the changes that altered the symphony as an organization. His drive to further cultural education throughout the world, and specifically in the American West provides a remarkable story of dedication and commitment. To place Abravanel's ideologies and organizational successes in the context of American classical music, this thesis examines the history of the symphony, as an institution, in America, before turning to a study of Abravanel's personal efforts and the Utah Symphony Orchestra's consequent growth. This thesis argues that the Utah Symphony Orchestra, specifically while under the direction of Maurice Abravanel, provides an example of positive growth in community education and classical music promotion. The particular programs that Abravanel implemented were generally successful, and ultimately responsible for the symphony's unprecedented growth. Further, by examining the challenges and solutions that Abravanel confronted in his work to build the symphony, it is possible to understand better the ingredients necessary to the development of professional classical music organizations. This study uses Abravanel's work with the Utah Symphony as a model for successful community music programs, with the intent to communicate insight into successful methods for the promotion of classical music. Such an examination provides a new and imminently practical method for the historical study of musical institutions.
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Swensen, James R. "Dorothea Lange in Utah, 1936-1938: A Portrait of Utah's Great Depression." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2000. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5157.
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In his 1978 biography of Dorothea Lange, Milton Meltzer appraised Lange's 1936 photography in Utah as nothing more than mundane work done for the benefit of the Farm Security Administration (FSA) and not for her own benefit as a photographer. Yet, her work in Utah encapsulates the aspirations, goals, and styles of Lange, and gives insight into her vision as a photographer and representative of the New Deal. Through carefully composed photographs, Lange shows the hardships and hope of life in Utah during the Great Depression. This thesis investigates Lange's photographs in order to gain a greater understanding of the FSA in Utah during the Great Depression, the nature of FSA photography, and her work in general. To accomplish these tasks, it will be necessary to investigate the photographs and their captions, the work of other FSA photographers, local histories, contemporary sources, and FSA scholarship. Using these sources, this thesis attempts to identify reasons why Lange took the photographs she did. Using the historical context under which Lange's photographs were made also allows for an examination of Lange's use of visual editing, or, in other words, her artistic manipulation in creating her own vision of the areas she was assigned to photograph. The manner in which she photographed the small rural towns of Consumers, Widtsoe, and Escalante, was not completely indicative of the towns' true nature, or the towns' reality. Rather, the portraits Lange created were personal visions that supported the FSA and her own beliefs and altruistic ideology.
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Shamo, Michael Lyle. "Making the Desert Blossom: Public Works in Washington County, Utah." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2555.
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The following thesis is a study of how communities of Washington County, Utah developed within one of the most inhospitable deserts of the American West. A trend of reliance on public works programs during economic depressions, not only put people to work, but also provided an influx of outside aid to develop an infrastructure for future economic stability and growth. Each of these public works was carefully planned by leaders who not only saw the immediate impact these projects would have, but also future benefits they would confer. These communities also became dependent on acquiring outside investment capital from the Mormon Church, private companies and government agencies. This dependency required residents to cooperate not only with each other, but with these outside interests who now had a stake in the county's development. The construction of the Mormon Tabernacle and Temple in St. George during the 1870s made that community an important religious and cultural hub for the entire region. Large-scale irrigation and reclamation projects in the 1890s opened up new areas for agriculture and settlement. And in the 1920s and 1930s the development of Zion National Park and the construction of roads provided the infrastructure for one of the county's most important industries, tourism. Long after these projects' completion they still provided economic and cultural value to the communities they served. Some of these projects provided the infrastructural foundation that allowed Washington County communities to have greater security and control over their economic future. Over time the communities of southern Utah created dramatic reenactments and erected monuments of these very projects to celebrate and preserve the story of their construction. During the first decade of the twenty-first century Washington County has become one of the fastest growing areas in the country, and as a result public works programs continue to be important to support this growth.
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Morse, Kathryn T. "Nature's Second Course: Water Culture in the Mormon Communities of Cache Valley, Utah, 1860-1916." DigitalCommons@USU, 1992. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1248.
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.Nineteenth-century Mormon settlers in Utah combined a unique set of religious beliefs with a fervent agrarianism and a strong sense of community. They encountered a specific arid environment along the Wasatch Front. A distinctive cultural set of irrigation institutions and practices developed out of the complex interchanges between nature and culture in Cache Valley, Utah, between 1860 and 1916. The structure of water flow, and conflicts over water rights and responsibilities, reflected the fundamental tensions within Mormon communities between individual gain and collective progress; it also reflected the patriarchal essence of Mormon culture. The season-to-season workings of irrigation institutions that distributed water from the Logan River, whether large irrigation districts or neighborhood canal cooperatives, showed how Mormon communities developed systems of exchange for water that allowed each individual irrigator to take water in direct proportion to the amount of labor, cash, or crops he contributed to the group's collective construction and upkeep of canals. The democratic nature of these exchanges, however, were tempered by natural hierarchies inherent in the geography of water canals, and by community hierarchies of power. A small group of elite town fathers held most of the responsibility for irrigation administration, and used their influence -in disputes over water. Those town fathers also tended to own more land than other irrigators. They often owned valuable land in proximity to the canals themselves. Between settlement in 1860 and the Call Decree in 1916, Logan River irrigators worked together to formulate a water distribution system that allowed for both the growth of local communities and for continued adherence to the basic religious principles on which the communities were founded. They also struggled to follow seasonal cycles of water use that fit within the natural cycles of the rise and fall of the water level in the river. Whether at the level of the high-line canal, the city block, or the family garden, Mormon water systems constituted an interesting example of the ways in which culture and the environment come together to shape natural resource use, especially in the arid regions of the American west.
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Rust, Jennifer. "Propagating Perfection: Eugenic Sterilization at the Utah State Training School, 1935 - 1974." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5338.
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Compulsory sterilization as a tool of eugenics occurred in the United States from before the U.S. Supreme Court upheld its’ constitutionality in 1927 until the early 1970s. Initial justification for removing a person’s ability to procreate was rooted in hereditarian assertions that disability was transmitted from parent to offspring, and incorporated an economic argument that individuals with disabilities placed a financial burden on the state for care. Due to scientific deconstruction of the hereditarian argument, rationalization for sterilization evolved into an anxiety over the perceived inability of the disabled to parent. The state of Utah sterilized 738 individuals with intellectual disabilities from 1935 to 1974. This paper explores how Utah was similar to other states in terms of implementing compulsory sterilization through the establishment of the Utah State Training School and the philosophy of its leadership team.
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Eastman, Adam R. "From Cadillac to Chevy : environmental concern, compromise and the Central Utah Project Completion Act /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1425.pdf.
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Taylor, Whitney Fae. "Map Interactivity: Exploring the Benefits in the Utah Studies Classroom." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd745.pdf.
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Huetter, Robert A. "A History of Fort Duchesne, Utah, and the Role of its First Commanding Officer, Frederick W. Benteen." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1990. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,14001.
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Davison, Camon. "West Point of the West: A History of the Department of Military Science at Utah State University." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5032.
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The Department of the Military Science at Utah State University was created in 1898 and is the oldest department at USU. Until the mid-1950s it was mandatory that all male students be enrolled in Military training at the school and, if they so decided, would finish up the last two years of military training to become officers in the United States Military. This program is known as ROTC. Fully implemented at USU in 1916 the ROTC program continued to grow and would help fund the growth of campus during the 1920’s and 30’s. Following World War II the program became the largest ROTC unit in the nation and was nicknamed “West Point of the West”. The school produced more officers than any other college besides the Military Academy at West Point.
The documentary film that I made follows the history of Utah State University from its founding in 1888 to the modern day research University of today. Using interviews of past and current ROTC cadets as well as the experts on the history of USU and ROTC, the film weaves the history of the expansion of the USU campus and the role that the Army ROTC unit had in the school’s development. Much of my research was done in special collections at the USU library where many of the photos for the film were found. Some of my research took me to the National Archives and the Library of Congress which proved to be invaluable when finding early military photos and documents. A total budget cost of USD$10,000 was spent on camera gear, travel expenses, drone footage, and digital storage solutions. The film was fully funded, written, shot, edited, and finished by myself and took 1 ½ years to make from start to finish. The end result is a 53-minute documentary delivered on a Blu Ray disk, the film is also accessible to the public via online streaming.
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Mills, Robert Patrick. "Pushing the Car of Progress Forward: The Salt Lake Tribune's Quest to Change Utah for Statehood, 1871-1896." DigitalCommons@USU, 2007. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/101.
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The debate over Utah statehood involved several controversial issues that the United States government and the American public wanted resolved before admission would be granted. One strong advocate for such changes in Utah was the widely published newspaper, the Salt Lake Tribune, which continually published anti-statehood and anti-Mormon ideas in the final decades before Utah was finally admitted in 1896. This thesis studies and analyzes the Tribune’s editorials and news stories to better understand which issues opponents of statehood worried the most over and what they wanted to accomplish with their protest. It finds that Mormon political domination was the paper’s central concern throughout the last decade of the debate, even after developments showed change on the horizon.
This thesis also examines the Tribune’s ability to reach Utah readers and a national audience through its connections with the Associated Press. By citing numerous newspapers from throughout the United States and members of Congress who were close to the statehood debate, this thesis shows that the Tribune got its message out and that it played a strong part in the statehood struggle.
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Puckett, Heather Renée. "A cultural landscape study and history of the San Francisco Mining District and Frisco, Southwest Utah, United States." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4618/.
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In the early 1990s, English Heritage conducted a series of pilot studies in Cornwall through the Cornwall Archaeological Unit, examining historic industrial mining complexes as a means to conserve and manage a growing number of individual historic sites and monuments. During these studies, a discrete methodology for conducting Historic Landscape Characterisation (HLC) modelling has been developed. Models such as these have been presented in an assortment of scholarly publications and have been applied in portions of Europe and New Zealand. With few exceptions, the English Heritage HLC model has not been applied in the United States. Rather, the United States’ National Park Service has provided guidance on the identification, evaluation, and documentation of historic mining sites and landscapes. The present study incorporates social history, archival evidence, and the physical setting of the San Francisco Mining District (SFMD) and associated boom towns in Beaver County, southwest Utah, into a Geographic Information System (GIS) in an effort to apply HLC modelling. Minor comparisons are drawn between the SFMD and mining districts in the United States, United Kingdom, and New Zealand. Several advantages of the HLC methodology for the SFMD include the creation of population, building and archaeological databases that may be applied to the GIS for better management of the resources on a broader scale.
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Darowski, Joseph F. "Utah's Plight: A Passage Through the Great Depression." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2004. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4635.
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The Great Depression marked a fateful passage in the annals of the American people. President Roosevelt's New Deal, the nation's signature response, proved to be a determined but erratic reaction. Against the backdrop of a nation deeply mired in an unrelenting international depression, dramatic events played themselves out in the lives of the men and women of Utah. Throughout, fidelity to principles of independence, self-reliance, and self-sufficiency were sorely challenged.The people of Utah found succor in two almost diametrically opposed responses. The New Deal offered an amalgam of programs and panaceas through which the federal government attempted to deliver economic relief, recovery, and reform. Able to pour millions upon millions of dollars on troubled waters, the New Deal offered the nation and Utah a vision of economic security rooted in an expanded federal-state partnership. In contrast, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints fused the principles of independence, self-reliance, and self-sufficiency into a new program–the Church Security Plan.
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Brown, David A. "A History of the Men's Intramural Program at Brigham Young University." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1988. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTAF,15582.
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Dowdle, Brett David. "A New Policy in Church School Work: The Founding of the LDS Supplementary Religious Education Movement, 1890-1930." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2470.
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The following thesis is a study of the founding years of the Mormon supplementary religious education between 1890 and 1930. It examines Mormonism's shift away from private denominational education towards a system of supplementary religious education programs at the elementary, high school, and college levels. Further, this study examines the role that supplementary religious education played in the changes between the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries. During the 1870s and 1880s, Utah's territorial schools became an important part of the battles over polygamy and the control of Utah. As the Federal Government began to wrest control of the schools from the Mormon community, the Church established a system of private academies. Economic problems during the 1880s and 1890s, however, made it difficult for the Church to maintain many of these schools, necessitating the Mormon patronage of the public schools. As a result, in 1890 the Church established its first supplementary religious education program, known as the Religion Class program. The Religion Class program suffered from a variety of problems and was criticized by both Mormon and non-Mormon officials. Despite the failings of the Religion Class program, the need for supplementary religious education became increasingly important during the first two decades of the twentieth century. In 1912, the Granite Stake established the Church's first high school seminary. Within ten years, the seminary program replaced the majority of the academies and became the Church's preeminent educational program. During the 1920s, the Church began extending supplementary religious education to its students in colleges and universities through the establishment of the institute program and the near-complete abandonment of its private colleges and schools. The successive establishment of these three programs demonstrates a shift in Mormon educational priorities and attitudes throughout this period. Whereas the academies and the Religion Class program emphasized a general fear of Americanization, the seminary and institute programs accepted the public schools and much of the Americanization that accompanied them, while at the same time providing means for the continued inculcation of Mormon values into the lives of Latter-day Saint youth.
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Hayden, Anne E. "Reconstructing the Holocene Arroyo History of the Upper Escalante River, Southern Utah, Using Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and Radiocarbon Dating." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1105.
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Arroyos are steep-walled, entrenched, typically ephemeral streams commonly found in dryland river systems that form when streams incise into previously deposited alluvial fill. Arroyos in the southwestern U.S. have been studied extensively following the historic period of arroyo cutting in the late 1800s and early 1900s A.D. The upper Escalante River in south-central Utah similarly began incising in 1909, and records evidence for past cut and fill cycles in well-exposed walls along the now continuous arroyo.
Establishing robust geochronologies of past arroyo cycles in these fluvial settings has been difficult. Recent improvements in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon (14C) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating provide an opportunity to link more highly resolved fluvial records to existing paleoclimate records. This allows hypotheses regarding the causes of arroyo cycles to be tested, and for the role of climate versus intrabasinal characteristics to be examined.
One major objective of this research was to examine the applicability of OSL and AMS 14C dating in the upper Escalante, as both methods have proved problematic in similar settings. In total, 37 ages were obtained, 21 OSL and 16 14C ages. The Holocene fluvial history of the upper Escalante River was reconstructed using these age results and stratigraphic relationships.
The chronostratigraphic record developed in this study suggests that at least six arroyo cycles have occurred in the upper Escalante since the middle Holocene, with incision occurring ~4.4 – 4.2 ka, ~2.6 – 2.4 ka, ~1.8 – 1.5 ka, ~1.0 – 0.9 ka, ~0.5 - 0.4 ka, and during the historic period of arroyo entrenchment. While semi-synchronous arroyo cutting (indicative of a climate signal) appears to have occurred in the Paria and Escalante drainages over the last 1 ka, correlations between proximal drainages are less clear prior to 1 ka, although this may be due in part to preservation effects. Overall, linkages to specific climate regimes and correlations to regional drainages are difficult to identify, suggesting that internal geomorphic thresholds are important in determining when arroyo entrenchment occurs in individual catchments.
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Thomas, Scott K. "Violence across the Land: Vigilantism and Extralegal Justice in the Utah Territory." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2485.
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For years historians of the American West have overlooked Utah when dealing with the subject of extrajudicial violence, while researchers of Mormonism have misread the existence of such violence in territorial Utah. The former asserts that Utah was free from extrajudicial proceedings and that such violence was nearly nonexistent within the contours of the Mormon kingdom. The latter maintains that any violence that existed in Utah was directly connected to the religious fanaticism of the Mormon populace in the region. The reality is that much of the extralegal violence in Utah was a result of the frontier, not the religion of the Mormons. Although episodes of bloodshed have been routinely categorized as religious zealotry, the evidence suggests that they are more properly catalogued within the context of western vigilantism—a practice well-documented and accepted among historians of the West. Utahans did employ extralegal means, like most other locales, for maintaining the existing social structure. Numerous factors led to conflicts of interests and, as was common during this time, violence became a part of life for early Utahans. It is the purpose of this examination to demonstrate how residents, leaders, and visitors in Utah justified the use of extrajudicial proceedings during the territorial period. Examining the violence that occurred in nineteenth-century Utah within the framework of the western extralegal culture provides a more nuanced understanding of the people of the region and demonstrates how their actions were not as aberrant as previous scholars have claimed. During the territorial period, Utahans experienced a significant amount of extralegal justice. The unique confluence of ethnic, religious, and political ideals led to clashes on the western frontier. There was no shortage of outlaws in Utah, nor of citizens and authorities capable and willing to go beyond the bounds of legal authority to maintain order within the territory. This thesis aims to properly place the Utah Territory in the broader framework of extralegal violence in the West and expand the historical understanding of summary justice in pre-statehood Utah.