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Academic literature on the topic 'Uterine myometrium'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Uterine myometrium"

1

Paul, Emmanuel N., Gregory W. Burns, Tyler J. Carpenter, Joshua A. Grey, Asgerally T. Fazleabas, and Jose M. Teixeira. "Transcriptome Analyses of Myometrium from Fibroid Patients Reveals Phenotypic Differences Compared to Non-Diseased Myometrium." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 7 (March 31, 2021): 3618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073618.

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Uterine fibroid tissues are often compared to their matched myometrium in an effort to understand their pathophysiology, but it is not clear whether the myometria of uterine fibroid patients represent truly non-disease control tissues. We analyzed the transcriptomes of myometrial samples from non-fibroid patients (M) and compared them with fibroid (F) and matched myometrial (MF) samples to determine whether there is a phenotypic difference between fibroid and non-fibroid myometria. Multidimensional scaling plots revealed that M samples clustered separately from both MF and F samples. A total of 1169 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (false discovery rate < 0.05) were observed in the MF comparison with M. Overrepresented Gene Ontology terms showed a high concordance of upregulated gene sets in MF compared to M, particularly extracellular matrix and structure organization. Gene set enrichment analyses showed that the leading-edge genes from the TGFβ signaling and inflammatory response gene sets were significantly enriched in MF. Overall comparison of the three tissues by three-dimensional principal component analyses showed that M, MF, and F samples clustered separately from each other and that a total of 732 DEGs from F vs. M were not found in the F vs. MF, which are likely understudied in the pathogenesis of uterine fibroids and could be key genes for future investigation. These results suggest that the transcriptome of fibroid-associated myometrium is different from that of non-diseased myometrium and that fibroid studies should consider using both matched myometrium and non-diseased myometrium as controls.

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Abramchenko, V. V. "The phenomenon of reversible myometrial dysfunction and delayed rehabilitation of uterine contractive ability." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 50, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd89489.

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The author introduces the conception o f potentially reversible myometrial dysfunction with unaffected main physiological function o f myometrium (viability o f myometrium). This dysfunction is connected with the disturbances o f uterine haemodynamics. The phenomenon o f reversible myometrial dysfunction reflects the process o f prolonged decreased contractile ability o f the uterus.The therapy o f reversible myometrial dysfunction phenomenon should be directed to blood flow restoration under the conditions o f uterine hypoperfusion.The special treatment is not required fo r myometrium with reserved main physiological functions (tonus, excitability) because restoration o f myometrial contractile ability improves spontaneously in case o f blood flow restoration.With the aim o f prophylaxis o f myometrial dysfunction and delayed rehabilitation o f the uterine contractile function administration o f Ca antagonists, beta-adrenomymetics, antioxidants and preparations, which improve myometrial metabolic processes, is recommended before the expected delivery.

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Mehasseb, Mohamed K., S. C. Bell, and M. A. Habiba. "The effects of tamoxifen and estradiol on myometrial differentiation and organization during early uterine development in the CD1 mouse." REPRODUCTION 138, no. 2 (August 2009): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-09-0054.

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We used a neonatal mouse model to examine the histogenesis of uterine adenomyosis, and to test whether adenomyosis is due to an abnormality in myometrial differentiation, or in extracellular matrix proteins expression. We also studied the effects of tamoxifen and estradiol on uterine development, myometrial differentiation, and organization. Female CD1 pups were treated with oral tamoxifen (1 mg/kg) (n=27) or estradiol (0.1 mg/kg) (n=24) from age 1 to 5 days. Uteri from control (n=27) and treated mice were obtained on days 2, 5, 10, 15, and 42 of age. We examined the sections histologically, using image analysis and immunohistochemistry for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), desmin, vimentin, laminin, fibronectin, and estrogen receptor-α. Following tamoxifen exposure, all uteri showed adenomyosis by 6 weeks of age (seen as early as day 10). The inner myometrium showed thinning, lack of continuity, disorganization, and bundling. α-SMA expression was normal. Desmin expression normally showed a wave of maturation that was absent in tamoxifen-treated mice. In the estradiol group, adenomyosis was not observed. All uterine layers were normally developed, but hypertrophied. The inner myometrium retained its circular arrangement. There was no difference in the localization of laminin or fibronectin between groups (laminin expression was reduced in the tamoxifen treated uteri). Vimentin could not be detected in all groups. Our results suggest that the development of the inner myometrium is particularly sensitive to estrogen antagonism, and can be affected by steroid receptors modulation. Disruption of the inner myometrium may play a role in the development of uterine adenomyosis.

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White, B. G., and D. J. MacPhee. "Distension of the uterus induces HspB1 expression in rat uterine smooth muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 301, no. 5 (November 2011): R1418—R1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00272.2011.

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The uterine musculature, or myometrium, demonstrates tremendous plasticity during pregnancy under the influences of the endocrine environment and mechanical stresses. Expression of the small stress protein heat shock protein B1 (HspB1) has been reported to increase dramatically during late pregnancy, a period marked by myometrial hypertrophy caused by fetal growth-induced uterine distension. Thus, using unilaterally pregnant rat models and ovariectomized nonpregnant rats with uteri containing laminaria tents to induce uterine distension, we examined the effect of uterine distension on myometrial HspB1 expression. In unilaterally pregnant rats, HspB1 mRNA and Ser15-phosphorylated HspB1 (pSer15 HspB1) protein expression were significantly elevated in distended gravid uterine horns at days 19 and 23 (labor) of gestation compared with nongravid horns. Similarly, pSer15 HspB1 protein in situ was only readily detectable in the distended horns compared with the nongravid horns at days 19 and 23; however, pSer15 HspB1 was primarily detectable in situ at day 19 in membrane-associated regions, while it had primarily a cytoplasmic localization in myometrial cells at day 23. HspB1 mRNA and pSer15 HspB1 protein expression were also markedly increased in ovariectomized nonpregnant rat myometrium distended for 24 h with laminaria tents compared with empty horns. Therefore, uterine distension plays a major role in the stimulation of myometrial HspB1 expression, and increased expression of this small stress protein could be a mechanoadaptive response to the increasing uterine distension that occurs during pregnancy.

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Zaitseva, Marina, Sarah J. Holdsworth-Carson, Luke Waldrip, Julia Nevzorova, Luciano Martelotto, Beverley J. Vollenhoven, and Peter A. W. Rogers. "Aberrant expression and regulation of NR2F2 and CTNNB1 in uterine fibroids." REPRODUCTION 146, no. 2 (August 2013): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-13-0087.

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Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumour afflicting women of reproductive age. Despite the large healthcare burden caused by fibroids, there is only limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive fibroid pathophysiology. Although a large number of genes are differentially expressed in fibroids compared with myometrium, it is likely that most of these differences are a consequence of the fibroid presence and are not causal. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and regulation of NR2F2 and CTNNB1 based on their potential causal role in uterine fibroid pathophysiology. We used real-time quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry to describe the expression of NR2F2 and CTNNB1 in matched human uterine fibroid and myometrial tissues. Primary myometrial and fibroid smooth muscle cell cultures were treated with progesterone and/or retinoic acid (RA) and sonic hedgehog (SHH) conditioned media to investigate regulatory pathways for these proteins. We showed that NR2F2 and CTNNB1 are aberrantly expressed in fibroid tissue compared with matched myometrium, with strong blood vessel-specific localisation. Although the SHH pathway was shown to be active in myometrial and fibroid primary cultures, it did not regulateNR2F2orCTNNB1mRNA expression. However, progesterone and RA combined regulatedNR2F2mRNA, but notCTNNB1, in myometrial but not fibroid primary cultures. In conclusion, we demonstrate aberrant expression and regulation of NR2F2 and CTNNB1 in uterine fibroids compared with normal myometrium, consistent with the hypothesis that these factors may play a causal role uterine fibroid development.

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Kim, Byoung Ywong, Chi-Heum Cho, Dae-Kyu Song, Kyo-Cheol Mun, Seong-Il Suh, Sang-Pyo Kim, Dong-Hoon Shin, et al. "Ciglitizone inhibits cell proliferation in human uterine leiomyoma via activation of store-operated Ca2+ channels." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 288, no. 2 (February 2005): C389—C395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00154.2004.

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This study investigated the acute effects of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ ligand, ciglitizone, on cell proliferation and intracellular Ca2+ signaling in human normal myometrium and uterine leiomyoma. Changes in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) were measured with fura-2 AM, and cellular viabilities were determined by viable cell count and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide reduction assay. Ciglitizone (100 μM) induced greater inhibition of cell proliferation in uterine leiomyoma than in myometrium. Ciglitizone also dose-dependently increased [Ca2+]i in both myometrium and uterine leiomyoma; these [Ca2+]i increases were inhibited by PPAR-γ antagonists and raloxifene. Ciglitizone-induced [Ca2+]i increase showed only an initial peak in normal myometrial cells, whereas in uterine leiomyoma there was a second sustained [Ca2+]i increase as well. The initial [Ca2+]i increase in both myometrium and uterine leiomyoma resulted from the release of Ca2+ by the sarcoplasmic reticulum via activation of ryanodine receptors. The second [Ca2+]i increase was observed only in uterine leiomyoma because of a Ca2+ influx via an activation of store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCCs). Cell proliferation was inhibited and secondary [Ca2+]i increase in uterine leiomyoma was attenuated by cotreatment of ciglitizone with a SOCC blocker, lanthanum. The results suggest that ciglitizone inhibits cell proliferation and increases [Ca2+]i through the activation of SOCCs, especially in human uterine leiomyoma.

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Kuzminykh, Tatyana U., Vera Yu Borisova, Igor P. Nikolayenkov, Georgy R. Kozonov, and Gulrukhsor Kh Tolibova. "Role of biologically active molecules in uterine contractile activity." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 68, no. 1 (March 20, 2019): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd68121-27.

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Hypothesis/aims of study. Myometrial relaxation and contraction require synchronous cellular interactions. At present, it has been established that the coordination of myometrial contractile activity is carried out by a conduction system constructed from gap junctions with intercellular channels. There are no clinical data on inhibiting (nitric oxide synthase) and activating (connexin-43) factors of uterine contractile activity in the myometrium during pregnancy and parturition in the published literature. This study was undertaken to measure the expression levels of nitric oxide synthase, adhesion molecules CD51, CD61, and connexin-43 in the myometrium during pregnancy and parturition; and to assess the role of inhibitory and activating factors in the development of uterine contractile activity. Study design, materials and methods. An immunohistochemical study of myometrial biopsy specimens obtained from the lower uterus segment during cesarean section was performed in eight women with a full-term physiological pregnancy, in another eight individuals in the active phase of uncomplicated parturition, and in eight patients with uterine inertia. Integrins (CD51 and CD61 proteins) were used as markers of cell adhesion. Localization and the number of intercellular contacts were assessed by measuring the expression level of connexin-43, with the intensity of oxidative processes assessed by nitric oxide synthase activity. Results. In the myometrium, in the active phase of physiological parturition, a three-fold increase in the expression of activating (CD51, CD61, and connexin-43) factors of uterine contractile activity and a five-fold decrease in that of inhibitory (nitric oxide synthase) ones occur compared to those in full-term physiological pregnancy. Conclusion. In the pathogenesis of uterine inertia and resistance to labor induction, an important role is played by the decreased expression of adhesion molecules (CD51, CD61) and connexin-43 and the increased expression of nitric oxide synthase in the myometrium.

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Yasuda, Katsuhiko, Tsuyoshi Nakamoto, Masahiro Yasuhara, Hidetaka Okada, Tatsuya Nakajima, Hideharu Kanzaki, Masatoshi Hori, and Hiroshi Ozaki. "Role of protein kinase Cβ in rhythmic contractions of human pregnant myometrium." Reproduction 133, no. 4 (April 2007): 797–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-06-0041.

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To assess the role of protein kinase Cβ (PKCβ) in human myometrial contractions during pregnancy, we evaluated the effect of a PKCβ inhibitor (LY333531) on the pregnant and nonpregnant myometrial contractions and compared the level of PKCβ in the pregnant myometrium with that in the nonpregnant myometrium. The effects of LY333531 on the myometrial contractions were examined by measuring contractile activity (frequency and amplitude). PKCβ in human myometrium was assessed at mRNA level using real-time PCR method. The characteristics of contractile activity were different between the pregnant and the nonpregnant myometrium. The amplitude of rhythmic contractions in the preterm and term myometrium was increased 2- to 2.5-fold when compared with that in the nonpregnant myometrium, but the frequency of rhythmic contractions was decreased by about half. LY333531 (10−6M) reduced the increased amplitude in the preterm and term myometrium by about 50%, and the inhibitory effects of LY333531 in the pregnant myometrium were significantly greater than that in the nonpregnant myometrium (about 50 vs 25%). However, the frequency in the pregnant and nonpregnant myometrium was not influenced by LY333531. Real-time PCR revealed a significant, five- to sevenfold increase in the expression of PKCβ mRNA in the preterm and term myometrium when compared with the nonpregnant myometrium. These findings suggest that the increased amplitude of human myometrial contractions during pregnancy is related to the increased level of PKCβ. A PKCβ inhibitor may reduce preterm uterine contractions and prevent preterm delivery.

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Vodstrcil, Lenka A., Mary E. Wlodek, and Laura J. Parry. "Effects of uteroplacental restriction on the relaxin-family receptors, Lgr7 and Lgr8, in the uterus of late pregnant rats." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 19, no. 4 (2007): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd07007.

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The peptide hormone relaxin stimulates uterine growth and endometrial angiogenesis and inhibits myometrial contractions in a variety of species. The receptor for relaxin is a leucine-rich repeat containing G-protein-coupled receptor Lgr7 (RXFP1) that is highly expressed in the myometrium of late pregnant mice, with a significant decrease in receptor density observed at term. The present study first compared the expression of Lgr7 with another relaxin-family receptor Lgr8 (RXFP2) in the uterus and placenta of late pregnant rats. The uterus was separated into endometrial and myometrial components, and the myometrium into fetal and non-fetal sites, for further analysis. We then assessed the response of these receptors to uteroplacental restriction (UPR). Expression of the Lgr7 gene was significantly higher in the uterus compared with the placenta. Within the uterus, on Day 20 of gestation, there was equivalent expression of Lgr7 in fetal and non-fetal sites of the myometrium, as well as in the endometrium v. myometrium. The second receptor investigated, Lgr8, was also expressed in the endometrium and myometrium, but at significantly lower levels than Lgr7. Bilateral ligation of the maternal uterine blood vessels on Day 18 of gestation resulted in uteroplacental restriction, a decrease in fetal weight and litter size, and a significant upregulation in uterine, but not placental, Lgr7 and Lgr8 gene expression in UPR animals compared with controls. These data suggest that both relaxin family receptors are upregulated in response to a reduction in uteroplacental blood flow in rats.

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Brenninkmeijer, CB, SA Price, A. Lopez Bernal, and S. Phaneuf. "Expression of G-protein-coupled receptor kinases in pregnant term and non-pregnant human myometrium." Journal of Endocrinology 162, no. 3 (September 1, 1999): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1620401.

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There is evidence for hormonal receptor desensitisation in human myometrium, but little is known about the mechanisms involved in the loss of myometrial response to agonists such as beta(2)-adrenergic agonists, prostaglandin gamma and oxytocin. It is well known that the receptors for these hormones are coupled to G-proteins. The first step of receptor desensitisation is the phosphorylation of activated receptors by a G-protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK). GRKs are members of a multigene family and the various subtypes differ in their localisation, regulation and mode of action. We have used Western blotting and reverse transcription PCR to identify the GRKs present in human myometrium from pregnant and non-pregnant women as well as in cultured human myometrial cells. We have found that human myometrium expresses the GRK subtypes 2, 4gamma, 5 and 6. On the other hand, GRK3 and the isoforms GRK4alpha, beta and delta were not found in myometrial tissue. Our data indicate that GRK2 is only expressed in pregnant term myometrium and is not found in non-pregnant tissue. Moreover, GRK6 appears to be expressed at a much higher level in pregnant term tissue than in non-pregnant myometrium. Our observations suggest that GRK2 and GRK6 may contribute to the regulation of uterine contractility at term. Further work is necessary to determine whether GRKs and receptor desensitisation play a role in disorders of uterine contractility.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Uterine myometrium"

1

Knock, Gregory Alan. "Ion channels in the human myometrium." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/ion-channels-in-the-human-myometrium(7d934328-7950-4389-8315-0d886bcd65aa).html.

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Li, Yatong. "An investigation of ion channels in developing uterine myometrium." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400299.

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Cheng, Lui. "Improvement of signal-to-noise ratio in uterine EMG recordings." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1548.

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The objective of this study is to remove or, at least, reduce the noise in uterine EMG recordings, which at their present noise level render the data unusable. Predicting when true labor will start and recognizing when labor actually starts are important for both normal and complex pregnancies. For normal pregnancy, the prognosis of labor is important for reducing unnecessary hospital costs. About 10% of the four million babies born each year in the United States are born prematurely. At $1,500 a day for neonatal intensive care, this comprises national health care expenses of well over $5 billion. Spectral analysis, filter design, and 1/3 octave analysis were applied to analyze the uterine EMG recordings. Signal-to-noise ratio was increased with IIR Butterworth bandstop filter. The spectral band between 0.25 and 0.4 Hz shows matching of the Toco belt via spectral analysis. Nevertheless, 1/3 octave analysis gives the highest correct detection percentage compare with frequency analysis and filter design.

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Wilson, Rachel Abigail. "REGULATION OF PHOSPHORYLATED PROGESTERONE RECEPTOR-A IN UTERINE MYOMETRIAL CELLS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case160795772020875.

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Kupittayanant, Sajeera. "The role of calcium and signalling pathways in the control and modulation of uterine contraction : with emphasis on human myometrium." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269569.

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Fischer, Deborah P. "The influence of the hormonal milieu on functional prostaglandin and oxytocin receptors and their downstream signal pathways in isolated human myometrium." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4470.

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Although prostaglandins (PG) and oxytocin are crucial mediators of uterine contractility, their receptor-mediated effects during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and labour are not fully understood. The aim of this thesis was to elucidate the functional expression of EP, FP, TP and oxytocin receptors in isolated human myometrium relative to myocyte mRNA and signal transduction pathways. Myometrial samples were obtained from consenting non-pregnant and pregnant donors. Functional techniques were used to determine isometric muscle contractions. Primary uterine myocytes and fibroblasts were cultured at term to identify stimulated changes in calcium (Ca2+), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and mRNA. Myometrial strips exhibited spontaneous contractions, which were most active midcycle under oestrogenic conditions. At this time intrinsic contractility and responsiveness to uterotonins decreased towards the fundus. PGE2 produced bellshaped responses with predominant utero-relaxant effects mediated via the EP2 subtype. Although activity was partially restored by PGE2 through EP3/1 receptors, tissue excitation was more pronounced at FP, TP and oxytocin receptors. Despite high FP mRNA expression, the lower segment uterus was particularly responsive to U46619 and oxytocin at term pregnancy. Even so, Ca2+ mobilisation by oxytocin was greater via principal release from intracellular stores. Incubations with atosiban, progesterone and a rho-kinase inhibitor reduced oxytocin-stimulated Ca2+ transients. EP2 also attenuated oxytocic effects but this appeared to be mediated through cAMP rather than Ca2+ signalling pathways. With advancing labour, intrinsic myogenic activity declined in parallel with oxytocin desensitisation. However, TP-induced contractions were continued in the lower parturient uterus. These findings demonstrate that PG and oxytocin receptor expression are regulated in a hormone-dependent temporal and spatial manner. EP2-mediated cAMP formation appears to promote uterine quiescence, whilst TP receptors may control muscle tonus during parturition. These receptors and their messenger systems represent effective tocolytic targets for uterine hypercontractile disorders, such as dysmenorrhoea and preterm labour.
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Fischer, Deborah Peninnah. "The influence of the hormonal milieu on functional prostaglandin and oxytocin receptors and their downstream signal pathways in isolated human myometrium." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4470.

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Although prostaglandins (PG) and oxytocin are crucial mediators of uterine contractility, their receptor-mediated effects during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and labour are not fully understood. The aim of this thesis was to elucidate the functional expression of EP, FP, TP and oxytocin receptors in isolated human myometrium relative to myocyte mRNA and signal transduction pathways. Myometrial samples were obtained from consenting non-pregnant and pregnant donors. Functional techniques were used to determine isometric muscle contractions. Primary uterine myocytes and fibroblasts were cultured at term to identify stimulated changes in calcium (Ca2+), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and mRNA. Myometrial strips exhibited spontaneous contractions, which were most active midcycle under oestrogenic conditions. At this time intrinsic contractility and responsiveness to uterotonins decreased towards the fundus. PGE2 produced bellshaped responses with predominant utero-relaxant effects mediated via the EP2 subtype. Although activity was partially restored by PGE2 through EP3/1 receptors, tissue excitation was more pronounced at FP, TP and oxytocin receptors. Despite high FP mRNA expression, the lower segment uterus was particularly responsive to U46619 and oxytocin at term pregnancy. Even so, Ca2+ mobilisation by oxytocin was greater via principal release from intracellular stores. Incubations with atosiban, progesterone and a rho-kinase inhibitor reduced oxytocin-stimulated Ca2+ transients. EP2 also attenuated oxytocic effects but this appeared to be mediated through cAMP rather than Ca2+ signalling pathways. With advancing labour, intrinsic myogenic activity declined in parallel with oxytocin desensitisation. However, TP-induced contractions were continued in the lower parturient uterus. These findings demonstrate that PG and oxytocin receptor expression are regulated in a hormone-dependent temporal and spatial manner. EP2-mediated cAMP formation appears to promote uterine quiescence, whilst TP receptors may control muscle tonus during parturition. These receptors and their messenger systems represent effective tocolytic targets for uterine hypercontractile disorders, such as dysmenorrhoea and preterm labour.

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Kalathy, Vijayakumar. "The endometrial-myometrial interface (EMI) in the aetiopathophysiology of adenomyosis uteri." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/38256.

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Adenomyosis is a uterine disease where ectopic, non-neoplastic endometrium is histologically observed within the myometrium. The research presented herein examines the hypothesis that uterine adenomyosis is caused by abnormal behaviour of the cells at the endometrial-myometrial interface (EMI) through the actions of nerve growth factors (NGF), their receptors, the caveolin proteins and wnt signalling pathways during estradiol (E2) or tamoxifen (TMX) stimulation. In a 3-dimensional coculture model, the invasion depth of endometrial stromal cells from affected uteri was greater than that of unaffected uteri. Furthermore, invasion depth of unaffected and affected stromal cells increased by an average of 41.3% and 64.6%, respectively in the presence of E2 and 73.3% and 73.5%, respectively in the presence of TMX, indicating an inherent predisposition of the stromal cell for myometrial invasion and the enhancing effects of both E2 and TMX. Immunohistochemical analysis of NGF expression indicated a significant 2-4 fold increase in adenomyosis with the transcript level (measured by qRT-PCR) showing decreased expression in normal myocytes (0.72 fold) in response to E2 and increased expression in both normal (1.08 fold) and adenomyotic myocytes (1.20 fold) in response to TMX. Similarly, caveolin 1 protein expression was increased in the adenomyotic group, whilst transcripts for the caveolin 1a (0.70 fold) and caveolin 1b (0.82 fold) isoforms were reduced by E2 in normal myocytes. Conversely, TMX increased caveolin 1a (1.4 fold) and caveolin 1b (1.32 fold) expression in the adenomyotic myocytes. The data for the caveolin 2 data mirrored that of caveolin 1 in that caveolin 2a and 2b protein expression showed increased expression in the adenomyotic group, whilst the transcript levels of the caveolin isoforms 2a (0.65 fold) and 2b (0.79 fold) were reduced by E2 in normal myocytes, while upregulated by TMX in adenomyosis group (1.57 and 2.00 fold, respectively). Wnt5a expression at both the transcript and protein level was decreased in adenomyosis implicating the loss of wnt5a in adenomyosis progression. Furthermore, decidualisation experiments of isolated stromal cells from normal and adenomyotic uteri suggested no difference in the timing to decidualisation, with no significant difference in cell morphology, IGFBP-1 or prolactin expression, which strongly suggests that disordered stromal differentiation is not the main causal event in the pathogenesis of adenomyosis. Overall, the results from this research supported the key hypothesis of disordered cellular function and gene expression at the uterine endometrial-myometrial interface in adenomyosis.

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9

Arkinstall, S. J. "A study of the catecholamines and alpha-adrenoceptors present in mammalian myometrium of pregnant and non-pregnant uteri." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379911.

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Bredhult, Carolina. "Effects of some Endocrine Disruptors on Human and Grey Seal Uterine Cells." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-8334.

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Books on the topic "Uterine myometrium"

1

Symposium on Uterine Contractility : Mechanisms of Control (1990 St. Louis, Missouri). Uterine contractility: Mechanisms of control. Norwell, Massachusetts: Serono Symposia, USA, 1990.

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2

National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.). Public Information and Communications Branch, ed. Uterine fibroids. [Bethesda, Md.] (31 Center Drive MSC-2425, Bethesda 10892-2425): The Institutes, 1996.

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3

E, Carsten Mary, and Miller Jordan D, eds. Uterine function, molecular and cellular aspects. New York: Plenum Press, 1990.

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4

1952-, Chwalisz Kristof, and Garfield Robert E, eds. Basic mechanisms controlling term and preterm birth. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Desta, Belainesh. Modulation of uterine contractility and blood flow by calcium channel antagonists: Effect of calcium channel antagonists on the responses of human and rat myometrium to oxytocics invitro.... Bradford, 1988.

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Waldmann, Carl, Neil Soni, and Andrew Rhodes. Obstetric emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199229581.003.0031.

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Pre-eclampsia 518Eclampsia 520HELLP syndrome 522Postpartum haemorrhage 524Amniotic fluid embolism 526Pre-eclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy, UK incidence is 3–5%, with a complex hereditary, immunological and environmental aetiology.Abnormal placentation is characterized by impaired myometrial spiral artery relaxation, failure of trophoblastic invasion of these arterial walls and blockage of some vessels with fibrin, platelets and lipid-laden macrophages. There is a 30–40%, reduction in placental perfusion by the uterine arcuate arteries as seen by Doppler studies at 18–24 weeks gestation. Ultimately the shrunken, calcified, and microembolized placenta typical of the disease is seen. The placental lesion is responsible for fetal growth retardation and increased risks of premature labour, abruption and fetal demise. Maternal systemic features of this condition are characterized by widespread endothelial damage, affecting the peripheral, renal, hepatic, cerebral, and pulmonary vasculatures. These manifest clinically as hypertension, proteinuria and peripheral oedema, and in severe cases as eclamptic convulsions, cerebral haemorrhage (the most common cause of death due to pre-eclampsia in the UK), pulmonary oedema, hepatic infarcts and haemorrhage, coagulopathy and renal dysfunction....

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Book chapters on the topic "Uterine myometrium"

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Taylor, Anthony H., and Marwan Habiba. "The Myometrium in Heath and Disease." In Uterine Adenomyosis, 71–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13012-5_4.

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Broderick, Ray, and Karen A. Broderick. "Ultrastructure and Calcium Stores in the Myometrium." In Uterine Function, 1–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0575-0_1.

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Habiba, Marwan, and Giuseppe Benagiano. "The Role of the Myometrium in Adenomyosis." In Uterine Adenomyosis, 81–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13012-5_5.

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Habiba, Marwan, Giuseppe Benagiano, and Ivo Brosens. "Myometrial Cystic Adenomyosis." In Uterine Adenomyosis, 163–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13012-5_11.

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Carsten, Mary E., and Jordan D. Miller. "Calcium Control Mechanisms in the Myometrial Cell and the Role of the Phosphoinositide Cycle." In Uterine Function, 121–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0575-0_5.

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Theodoridis, Theodoros, Dimitra Aivazi, Leonidas Zepiridis, and Nikolaos Vlachos. "Uterine Leiomyoma or Sarcoma?" In Handbook of Research on Oncological and Endoscopical Dilemmas in Modern Gynecological Clinical Practice, 289–304. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4213-2.ch020.

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Uterine leiomyomas are benign neoplasms derived from the smooth muscle cells of the myometrium. In contrast, uterine sarcomas are rare tumors, with a prevalence of 3-7 per 100,000 women, originating from myometrial cells or endometrial connective tissue. Uterine sarcomas and especially leiomyosarcomas are more aggressive than uterine epithelial neoplasms. The differential diagnosis between leiomyoma and uterine sarcoma preoperatively remains challenging for the clinical practitioner in order to determine optimal treatment. The chapter aims to summarize current evidence regarding differential diagnosis and optimal management of these two challenging clinical entities.

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Kosterin, Sergey A., Th V. Burdyga, V. P. Fomin, and Ashok Kumar Grover. "Mechanisms of Ca2+ Transport in Myometrium." In Control of Uterine Contractility, 129–53. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429261756-6.

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Tsikouras, Panagiotis, Fotini Gaitatzi, Stefani Filiou, Spyridon Michalopoulos, Aggeliki Gerede, Tsalikidis Christos, Stefanos Zervoudis, et al. "Uterine Embolization as a New Treatment Option in Adenomyosis Uteri." In Endometriosis - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Treatments [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101480.

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Adenomyosis is characterized by the development of endometrial ectopic glands and tissue in the myometrium layer in depth greater than 2.5 mm from the endometrial surface of the separative area by -myomas well as by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the smooth muscles of the myometrium. This is filtration, not mere displacement, of the myometrium, from the endometrium. Clinical symptoms include dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia. It is diffuse (adenomyosis) or focal (adenomyoma), asymmetrically affects the uterine wall of premenopausal women (usually the posterior) and often coexists with myomas. The pathogenesis of adenomyosis remains unknown. The treatment options are: drug therapy, invasive treatment of fibroids: myomectomy (open—intra-abdominal, laparoscopic, hysteroscopic), hysterectomy, myolysis—cryocatalysis, microwave or radiofrequency thermal catalysis (RF-ablation), ultrasound focus catalysis (FUS), laser photocatalysis and percutaneous selective uterine artery embolization (UAE). Embolization remains an alternative and not a substitute of hysterectomy. The medical indication is made on a case-by-case basis, depending on age, desire for pregnancy and the clinical symptoms of adenomyosis.

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O’Reilly, Joanne, and Ashok Kumar Grover. "Molecular Biology of Calcium Pumps in Myometrium." In Control of Uterine Contractility, 155–72. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429261756-7.

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Rosales-Ortiz, Sergio, Tammy Na Shieli Barrón Martínez, Diana Sulvaran Victoria, Jocelyn Arias Alarcon, Janeth Márquez-Acosta, and José Fugarolas Marín. "Bleeding and Hysteroscopy in Uterine Myomatosis." In Fibroids. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94174.

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Uterine leiomyomas are one of the most common diseases in women. However, there is still much about them we do not know. These tumours, also known as fibroids or myomas, affect women mainly during their reproductive years, and they are diagnosed in up to 70% to 80% of women during their lives. The most relevant part of this disease is the profound impact in the quality of life of women, in the provision of health services, and on the costs all around the world. Even though, the majority of women with fibroids are asymptomatic, approximately 30% of them will present severe symptoms, with a broad range of problems such as: abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and obstetric complications. There are multiple factors involved in the biology of fibroids: genetic, epigenetic, hormonal, proinflammatory, angiogenic and growth factors, growth factors that are capable of inducing and promoting de development of fibroids. The leiomyoma is surrounded by a pseudocapsule generated by compression and ischaemia of the tumour towards the myometrium and is composed by multiple elements that that promote healing and tissue repair of the myometrium after myomectomy. Therefore, its conservation in the myometrium is essential, regardless of the surgical technique used. Resection by hysteroscopy can be performed in an office or in an operating room, depending on the characteristics of the fibroid, it is required a good diagnosis and experience.

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Conference papers on the topic "Uterine myometrium"

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Rabotti, C., M. Mischi, J. O. E. H. van Laar, S. G. Oei, and J. W. M. Bergmans. "Myometrium electromechanical modeling for internal uterine pressure estimation by electrohysterography." In 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2009.5332397.

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Thomas, Aaron C., Brian T. Grisez, Kathleen McMillan, Nicholas Chill, Tyler P. Harclerode, Rebecca Radabaugh, Ryan M. Jones, and James E. Coad. "Thermotolerance of human myometrium: implications for minimally invasive uterine therapies." In SPIE BiOS, edited by Thomas P. Ryan. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2006867.

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Zia, Ghina, Jan Sebek, Estefi Alvarez, and Punit Prakash. "Assessment of thermal damage to myometrium during microwave ablation of uterine fibroids." In 2020 42nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) in conjunction with the 43rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Medical and Biological Engineering Society. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc44109.2020.9176092.

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Yim, C., K. Tang, and KM Wan. "685 Incidental intravascular large B-cell lymphoma arising in the uterine myometrium." In ESGO 2021 Congress. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2021-esgo.528.

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Eytan, Osnat, David Elad, Joseph Hartoov, and Ariel J. Jaffa. "Intra-Uterine Fluid Motion Due to Myometrial Contractions: A Mechanism for Embryo Transport." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0230.

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Abstract The initial phase of a successful pregnancy is composed of a set of transport phenomena. The detached ovum is transported to the ampulla of the fallopian tube, where fertilization may occurs. If fertilization occurred, the embryo enters the uterine cavity within three to four days of ovulation after it has grown to a ball of cells of about 100 μm in diameter. In the uterus, the embryo is conveyed with the uterine fluid for another three to four days to a successful implantation site at the fundus, which is at the upper part of the uterus. The embryo does not have a self propelling mechanism, and thus, it is passively transported with the intra-uterine fluid, which is a highly viscous liquid. Fluid movements within the uterine cavity may be induced by myometrial contractions, which have been observed in non-pregnant uteri via in vivo measurements of intra-uterine pressures and high-speed replaying ultrasound images.

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Purwar, Roli, Saritha Shamsunder, Swati Gupta, Geetika Khanna, Usha Rani, and Sunita Malik. "Metastatic gestational trophoblastic neoplasia presenting after a normal pregnancy." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685343.

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Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia presenting after a normal delivery is very rare & seen in 1 in 1,60,000 pregnancies and is associated with a poor outcome due to delay in diagnosis. Only three cases have been reported in the literature till date. A 27 year old lady, P2L1 delivered a stillborn baby in some peripheral hospital. Intrapartumand post-partum period were uneventful. After a period of 2 months, in view of persistent bleeding pervaginumshe underwent dilatation & evacuation in the same hospital. Ultrasonography showed circumscribed lesion 4.1 x 3.6 cm in lower uterine segment indenting the endometrium. MRI showed a heterogeneous space (4.2 x 3.2 x 3.3 cm) occupying lesion extending to involve the anterior myometrium. She was discharged on single dose of methotrexate 50 mg intramuscular injection. After one month, she again had an episode of heavy bleeding pervaginum leading to shock, for which she was referred to Safdarjung Hospital for further management. At Safdarjung Hospital an emergency hysterectomy was performed as a lifesaving measure. Preoperative serum Bhcg was >1 lac mIU/ml. later it was reported as gestational choriocarcinoma by histopathology. Metastatic workup showed cannonball lesions in lungs. On the 10th post-op day, she had severe episode of headache followed by right sided hemiplegia. NCCT head showed multiple haemorrhagiclesion in bilateral parietal and right frontal region suggestive of brain metastasis. She was started on the EMA/CO regimen. Conclusion: The main modality of treatment of choriocarcinoma is multiagent chemotherapy. Hysterectomy is generally reserved for those gestational trophoblasticneoplasia where it is chemotherapy resistant. Although in exceptional circumstances of heavy uncontrolled bleeding per vaginum hysterectomy is a lifesaving procedure, it is not curative to the other metastatic manifestations.

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"Gestational choriocarcinoma after term pregnancy: A case report." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685341.

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Choriocarcinoma coexisting with or after a “normal” pregnancy has an incidence of one per 1,60,000 pregnancies. In case of choriocarcinoma after term pregnancy, early diagnosis by histopathological examination of the placenta is very important, the precocity of the diagnosis influencing the prognosis and tumor response to chemotherapy. In, this paper we report the case of a 28-year-old woman parity 2 with metastatic choriocarcinoma after term pregnancy, diagnosed at four months after the delivery of a healthy baby. An episode of abundant vaginal bleeding occurred after four months from delivery. The local examination revealed a vaginal tumor whose pathological examination on biopsy sample was inconclusive. Subsequently, she was admitted in our hospital with abundant vaginal bleeding, severe anemia and fever. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed an intracavitary uterine tumoral mass with signe of myometrial invasion to the uterine serosa, strong Doppler signal and moderate ascites. Pulmonary X-Ray and computed tomography scan excluded extrapelvic tumoral masses. The pretreatment human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) level was 310300 Miu/ml and her FIGO risk factor score was 8 (high–risk group). Total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and omentectomy was performed as an optimal cytoreduction. Postoperative remaining presented by the metastasis located in the lower two-thirds of vagina. Histopatholgical examination revealed uterine choriocarcinoma. Postoperative was initiated four courses of polychemotherapy. Case evaluation was favorable, with the normalization of the Beta-HCG value in two months postoperative and complete remission of vaginal metastasis in six weeks posteoperative.

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Govindan, Rathinaswamy B., Srinivasan Vairavan, Adrian Furdea, Pam Murphy, Hubert Preissl, and Hari Eswaran. "Decrement of uterine myometrial burst duration as a correlate to active labor: A Hilbert phase approach." In 2010 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2010.5626471.

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Reports on the topic "Uterine myometrium"

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Fields, Michael J., Mordechai Shemesh, and Anna-Riitta Fuchs. Significance of Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptors in Bovine Pregnancy. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568790.bard.

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Oxytocin has multiple actions in bovine reproductive tract and it was our purpose to determine the nature of these actions and their significance for the physiology of bovine reproduction. The bovine oxytocin receptors (OTR) gene was cloned and its expression studied during the cycle and pregnancy. OTR mRNA changed in parallel with OTR with control occurring mainly at the transcriptional level. However, the endocrine regulation of OTR were found in endometrium and cervical mucosa at estrus and at parturition. In both tissues OTR were suppressed in the luteal phase and early pregnancy. Whereas cervical OTR remained suppressed throughout pregnancy, endometrial OTR began to increase soon after implantation and reached higher concentrations in midpregnancy than at estrus. OTR in caruncles did not increase until third trimester, and OTR in cervical mucosa, cotyledons and fetal membranes increased only at term. Myometrial OTR showed less variation and OTR were present throughout the cycle and pregnancy but increased significantly during mid- and late pregnancy. OTR were localized in endometrial epithelial cells and lumina epithelial cells of cervical mucosa as determined by immunohistochemistry. Endometrial OTR were functional throughout pregnancy and mediated PGF release from day 50 onwards in a receptor density related manner. OTR in cervical mucosa mediated PGE release both in vivo and in vitro, as shown in cyclic cows. The ontogeny of uterine OTR was studied from third trimester fetal stage until puberty. OTR were present in endometrium and cervical mucosa in high concentrations throughout this period; myometrial OTR began to increase somewhat later but also reached adult values by 6-mo of age. In the prepuberal heifers OT injections failed to initiate PGF2a, release. The influence of steroids on the effect of OT was examined. Ovariectomy and E2 were without effect, but P4 with or without E2 induced a massive PGF2a release in response to OT in spite of reduced OTR. Bovine cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) were cloned and their expression studied in the endometrium of prepuberal heifers and pregnant cows. Untreated and E2 treated prepuberal heifers did not express COX-2 but P4 treated heifers did express the mRNA for COX-2, albeit weakly. During the second half of pregnancy COX-2 mRNA was strongly expressed in cotyledons and somewhat less in caruncles, whereas endometrium, myometrium and cervical mucosa showed only weak, if any, COX-2 mRNA under basal conditions. However, 2 h after OT injection significant increases in COX-2 mRNA were found in endometrial RNA. Thus OT is capable of inducing the expression of the inducible COX-2 gene, and hence the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostanoids. The results indicate that the functions of OT are numerous and probably essential for successful pregnancy and parturition.

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