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Journal articles on the topic 'Uterus – Physiology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Lammers, Wim J. E. P., H. Mirghani, B. Stephen, et al. "Patterns of electrical propagation in the intact pregnant guinea pig uterus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294, no. 3 (2008): R919—R928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00704.2007.

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Previous studies have reported on propagation of individual spikes in isolated segments of the pregnant uterus, but there is no information on patterns of spike propagation in the intact organ. There is also no information on propagation of myometrial burst. The aim of this study was to record, at high resolution, patterns of propagation of electrical activities in the pregnant uterus. Sixteen timed-pregnant guinea pigs were euthanized at term, and their uteruses isolated. Fetuses were removed and replaced by an equal amount of Tyrode. A 240-electrode array was positioned at various locations

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2

Tabb, TN, RE Garfield, and G. Thilander. "Physiology of myometrial function: intercellular coupling and its role in uterine contractility." Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 3, no. 2 (1991): 169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096553950000053x.

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The mammalian uterus is composed of a preponderance of small smooth muscle cells usually aligned in two layers. The number of muscle cells in the human uterus at term is estimated at 200 billion, each minute fusiform cell measuring about 5–10μm in diameter and about 200μm in length. The main function of the uterus is to harbour the developing fetus during pregnancy and then to contract vigorously during labour to expel the products of conception. In order for the uterus to contract rhythmically and forcefully, a mechanism must exist to allow interaction between muscle cells in order to achieve

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3

Levy, Anat, Yoram Yagil, Michael Bursztyn, Ronit Barkalifa, Shimon Scharf, and Chana Yagil. "ACE2 expression and activity are enhanced during pregnancy." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 295, no. 6 (2008): R1953—R1961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.90592.2008.

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In the current study, we investigated the expression and activity of ACE2 during pregnancy in normotensive and hypertensive rats, focusing on the relative contribution of the uterus and the placentas, the kidney serving as a reference. We used the Sabra rat model of salt-sensitive hypertension. We confirmed a systemic vasodilatory state during the third trimester of pregnancy, as evidenced by a reduction in blood pressure, both in normotensive and hypertensive rats. At the time that blood pressure was reduced, ACE2 was expressed abundantly in the reproductive organs. The relative levels of ACE

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4

Bulat, R., M. S. Kannan, and R. E. Garfield. "Studies of the innervation of rabbit myometrium and cervix." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 8 (1989): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-131.

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We characterized the innervation of isolated circular and longitudinal-oriented muscle strips from the nulliparous rabbit uterus and cervix by field stimulation (FS). FS with increasing frequency (2.5–50 pps) and voltage (2.5–70 V) caused graded increases in isometric contraction with no relaxation or inhibition of spontaneous activity. Tetrodotoxin(TTX, 3.1 × 10−6 M) significantly reduced the FS response by 75% in all strips at higher stimulus frequencies. Contractile responses to FS were also significantly inhibited by atropine (3.5 × 10−6 M) in circular uterus and in longitudinal cervix. Gu

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5

Maruyama, Tetsuo, Hirotaka Masuda, Masanori Ono, Takashi Kajitani, and Yasunori Yoshimura. "Human uterine stem/progenitor cells: their possible role in uterine physiology and pathology." REPRODUCTION 140, no. 1 (2010): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-09-0438.

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The human uterus mainly consists of the endometrium and the outer smooth muscle layer termed the myometrium. The uterus harbours the exceptional and remarkable regenerative ability responsible for cyclical regeneration and remodelling throughout the reproductive life. The uterus must swiftly and cooperatively enlarge to hold the growing foetus during pregnancy. Furthermore, the endometrium, in particular the functionalis layer, must also regenerate, differentiate and regress with each menstrual cycle under hormonal control. Endometrial regeneration from the basal layer is thought to contribute

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6

Nakamura, Takahiro J., Michael T. Sellix, Michael Menaker, and Gene D. Block. "Estrogen directly modulates circadian rhythms of PER2 expression in the uterus." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 295, no. 5 (2008): E1025—E1031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.90392.2008.

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Fluctuations in circulating estrogen and progesterone levels associated with the estrous cycle alter circadian rhythms of physiology and behavior in female rodents. Endogenously applied estrogen shortens the period of the locomotor activity rhythm in rodents. We recently found that estrogen implants affect Period ( Per) gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN; central clock) and uterus of rats in vivo. To explore whether estrogen directly influences the circadian clock in the SCN and/or tissues of the reproductive system, we examined the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on PER2::LUCIF

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7

van Doorn, Marieke B., Frederik K. Lotgering, and Henk CS Wallenburg. "Physiology and practical implications of dynamic exercise in pregnancy." Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 3, no. 1 (1991): 11–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0965539500000413.

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In pregnancy the uterus and its contents constitute a growing mass of tissue with an increasing need for oxygen and substrates. Muscle activity is associated with an even more dramatic increase in metabolic demands. One might question if the physiological adaptations are adequate to provide for the combined demands of exercise and pregnancy.

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8

Wegener, Jörg W., Matthias Lee, and Franz Hofmann. "Hypothyroidism does not affect the dihydropyridine sensitivity of precontracted murine uterus." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 81, no. 9 (2003): 890–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y03-090.

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Thyroid hormones are known to influence various processes of cell differentiation. Recently, it was reported that hypothyroidism reduces the sensitivity to Ca2+-channel antagonists in the rat uterus. We examined the sensitivity to dihydropyridines of the uterus from mice that had reduced thyroid hormone levels. Isradipine relaxed with the same potency precontracted uterine muscle strips from control and hypothyroid mice, independently from a pseudo-pregnant state. These results demonstrate that hypothyroidism does not change dihydropyridine sensitivity (i.e., the pattern of Ca2+-channel expres

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9

Gosden, Roger G. "Ovary and uterus transplantation." REPRODUCTION 136, no. 6 (2008): 671–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-08-0099.

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Ovarian and uterine transplantation are procedures gaining more attention again because of potential applications in respectively fertility preservation for cancer and other patients and, more tentatively, women with uterine agenesis or hysterectomy. Cryopreservation of tissue slices, and possibly whole organs, is providing opportunities for banking ovaries for indefinite periods before transplanting them back to restore fertility. The natural plasticity of this organ facilitates grafting to different sites where they can be revascularized and rapidly restore the normal physiology of secretion

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10

Sohan, Karen, Rebecca Wiggins, and Peter Soothill. "Cervical physiology in pregnancy and labour." Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review 11, no. 3 (1999): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0965539599000339.

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The uterine cervix is a remarkable structure, which plays an essential role in pregnancy. During the development of the conceptus within the uterus, the cervix usually remains firmly closed to ensure that the developing fetus attains an appropriate degree of maturity to permit extra-uterine survival. On the other hand, it prepares for labour and birth, by undergoing a process of effacement, whereby the substance of the cervix shortens and thins out. During labour, it must be stretched and dilated to a sufficient diameter, usually about 10cm at term, to allow the successful passage of the fetus

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11

Spadotto, Raquel, Débora Cristina Damasceno, Antonio Francisco Godinho, Elaine Manoela Porto Amorim, Juliana Elaine Perobelli, and Wilma De Grava Kempinas. "Reproductive physiology, and physical and sexual development of female offspring born to diabetic dams." Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia & Metabologia 56, no. 2 (2012): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-27302012000200002.

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OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate physical and sexual development and reproductive physiology in female rat offspring that developed in hyperglycemia conditions in utero and during lactation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Maternal diabetes was induced in female rats by a single IV injection of streptozotocin before mating. Female offspring development was evaluated by means of the following parameters: physical development; age of vaginal opening and first estrus; weight and histological evaluation of uterus and ovaries; duration of the estrous cycle, sexual behavior, and fertil

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12

CICINELLI, ETTORE, NIELS EINER-JENSEN, PIETRO GALANTINO, RAFFAELLO ALFONSO, and ROBERTO NICOLETTI. "The Vascular Cast of the Human Uterus: From Anatomy to Physiology." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1034, no. 1 (2004): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1335.002.

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13

Sikora, K., Y. Lyndina, W. A. Awuah, et al. "Microelement imbalance in the rat uterus after short-term heavy metals exposure." Fiziolohichnyĭ zhurnal 68, no. 6 (2022): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fz68.06.012.

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Heavy metals (HMs) are distinguishable among various exogenous elements with a comprehensive impact and high adverse environmental consequences. The danger of their spread is accompanied by risks of entry into living organisms, leading to organ accumulation, homeostasis disruption, and the development of various inflammatory and oncological clinical manifestations. Interestingly, the uterus shows an unpredictable reaction to the influence of these chemical elements, with almost all previous studies providing differing results. Therefore, this study investigated the features of chemical element

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14

Bell, C., and S. J. Malcolm. "NEUROCHEMISTRY OF THE SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION TO THE UTERUS." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 15, no. 9 (1988): 667–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1988.tb01126.x.

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15

Frolova, Antonina I., and Kelle H. Moley. "Glucose transporters in the uterus: an analysis of tissue distribution and proposed physiological roles." REPRODUCTION 142, no. 2 (2011): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-11-0114.

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Facilitative glucose transport molecules (glucose transporters, GLUTs) are responsible for glucose transport across cellular membranes. Of the 14 family members, expression of nine has been reported in the murine uterus and seven in the human uterus. Some studies reveal that adequate glucose uptake and metabolism are essential for the proper differentiation of the uterine endometrium toward a receptive state capable of supporting embryo implantation. However, the mechanistic role of GLUTs in endometrial function remains poorly understood. This review aims to present the current knowledge about

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16

Peng, Hsien-Yu, Hung-Ming Chang, Shin-Da Lee, et al. "TRPV1 mediates the uterine capsaicin-induced NMDA NR2B-dependent cross-organ reflex sensitization in anesthetized rats." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 295, no. 5 (2008): F1324—F1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00126.2008.

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Spinal cord-mediated cross-organ sensitization between the uterus and the lower urinary tract may underlie the high concurrence of obstetrical/gynecological inflammation and chronic pelvic pain syndrome characterized by urogenital pain. However, the neural pathway and the neurotransmitters involved are still unknown. We tested the hypothesis that the excitation of capsaicin-sensitive primary afferent fibers arising from the uterus through the stimulation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) induces cross-organ sensitization on the pelvic-urethra reflex activity. Capsaicin (1–1,0

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17

Bell, A. W., J. R. Hales, A. A. Fawcett, and R. B. King. "Effects of exercise and heat stress on regional blood flow in pregnant sheep." Journal of Applied Physiology 60, no. 5 (1986): 1759–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.60.5.1759.

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Radioactive microspheres were used to measure cardiac output and blood flow to most major tissues, including those in the pregnant uterus, in late-pregnant ewes at rest and during treadmill exercise (approximately 3-fold increase in metabolic rate for 30 min) in thermoneutral (TN) (dry bulb temperature (Tdb) = 13 degrees C, wet bulb temperature (Twb) = 10 degrees C) and mildly hot (MH) (Tdb = 40 degrees C, Twb = 27 degrees C) environments. Exercise caused major increases in blood flow to respiratory muscles, nonrespiratory limb muscles, and adipose tissue, and flow was decreased to some gastro

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18

Reynolds, L. P., C. L. Ferrell, and S. P. Ford. "Transplacental diffusion and blood flow of gravid bovine uterus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 249, no. 5 (1985): R539—R543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1985.249.5.r539.

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Electromagnetic blood flow transducers and uterine arterial, uterine venous, umbilical venous, fetal femoral arterial, and fetal femoral venous catheters were implanted in 11 cows on day 161 +/- 4 of gestation. Antipyrine (0.66 M) plus NaCl (0.16 M) dissolved in deuterium oxide (D2O), or H2O, was infused at a constant rate into the fetal femoral vein catheter. Concentrations of antipyrine and D2O in uterine arterial and venous blood and antipyrine in fetal arterial and umbilical venous blood, as well as middle uterine arterial blood flow (electromagnetic transducer), were determined. Antipyrin

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19

Payne, R. M., D. L. Friedman, J. W. Grant, M. B. Perryman, and A. W. Strauss. "Creatine kinase isoenzymes are highly regulated during pregnancy in rat uterus and placenta." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 265, no. 4 (1993): E624—E635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1993.265.4.e624.

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Creatine kinase (CK) isoenzymes play a central role in energy transfer. Expression of CK isoenzymes in rat uterus and placenta was analyzed to evaluate their contribution to energy metabolism during pregnancy and delivery. Tissue from the uterine horns and placentas of pregnant rats from day 14 of gestation to 17 days postpartum was analyzed for expression of “brain” CK (BCK) and ubiquitous mitochondrial CK (uMtCK) mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity. uMtCK mRNA expression is high in prepartum uterus, but rapidly falls (> 10-fold) after delivery to a nadir at 7 days postpartum. Prepartum BCK

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20

Pearson, Timothy, Averil Y. Warren, David A. Barrett, and Raheela N. Khan. "Detection of EETs and HETE-generating cytochrome P-450 enzymes and the effects of their metabolites on myometrial and vascular function." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 297, no. 3 (2009): E647—E656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00227.2009.

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Cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) enzymes of the CYP2 and -4 family in humans metabolize arachidonic acid to generate bioactive epoxyeicosatrienenoic acids (EETs) and hydroxyeicosatetrenoic acids (HETEs). We report significantly higher levels of CYP 2J2 protein expression following the onset of labor ( n = 6, P < 0.05), implying increased EET-generating capacity within the uterus. Myometrial relaxation to 8,9-EET and 5,6-EET was observed, with the latter being inhibited by preincubation with 1 μM paxilline and is supported by whole cell recordings showing a modest effect of 5,6-EET on myometrial ou

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21

Zenclussen, Ana C., David N. Olivieri, Michael L. Dustin, and Carlos E. Tadokoro. "In vivoMultiphoton Microscopy Technique to Reveal the Physiology of the Mouse Uterus." American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 69, no. 3 (2012): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aji.12066.

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22

Hristeva, Galina. "“Uterus Loquitur”: Trauma and the Human Organism in Ferenczi’s “Physiology of Pleasure”." American Journal of Psychoanalysis 73, no. 4 (2013): 339–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/ajp.2013.23.

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23

Benoussaidh, Anissa, Yves Maurin, and Olivier Rampin. "Possible neural mediation of the central effects of oxytocin on uterine motility." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 289, no. 3 (2005): R798—R804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00065.2005.

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The central nervous system contains the nuclei at the origin of autonomic and neuroendocrine pathways to the uterus. Although the anatomical basis of these pathways is known, the conditions of their recruitment and their interactions in the context of copulation remain to be explored. We tested the hypothesis that some central mechanisms could simultaneously recruit both pathways to the uterus. In this aim, we recorded intrauterine pressure changes in anesthetized female rats at the estrus stage after intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of oxytocin (OT). Doses of 0.3–300 ng elicited i

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24

Benoussaidh, Anissa, Yves Maurin, and Olivier Rampin. "Spinal effects of oxytocin on uterine motility in anesthetized rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 287, no. 2 (2004): R446—R453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00117.2004.

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The rat uterus receives an innervation from the lumbosacral and thoracolumbar segments of the spinal cord. These segments receive descending oxytocinergic projections from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. We tested the hypothesis that oxytocin regulates uterine motility through a spinal site of action. Oxytocin was administered in anesthetized female rats either intrathecally at the lumbosacral or thoracolumbar spinal cord levels or intravenously. Uterine activity was revealed by measuring changes of intrauterine pressure using an indwelling balloon placed in one caudal uterine

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25

Haynes, John M., and Jocelyn N. Pennefather. "A1-and A2-PURINOCEPTORS IN THE GUINEA-PIG UTERUS." Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 20, no. 10 (1993): 609–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1993.tb01642.x.

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26

Dodds, Kelsi N., Lee Travis, Elizabeth A. H. Beckett, and Nick J. Spencer. "Identification of a novel distension-evoked motility pattern in the mouse uterus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 321, no. 3 (2021): R317—R327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00327.2020.

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The dynamic changes in uterine contractility in response to distension are incompletely understood. Rhythmic, propagating contractions of nonpregnant uterine smooth muscle occur in the absence of nerve activity (i.e., myogenic), events that decline during pregnancy and reemerge at parturition. We therefore sought to determine how myogenic contractions of the nonpregnant uterus are affected by distension, which might provide mechanistic clues underlying distension-associated uterine conditions such as preterm birth. Uteri isolated from nulliparous adult female mice in proestrus were video image

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27

Zhang, Wen-Qian, Miao Zhao, Ming-Yu Huang, and Ji-Long Liu. "Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Embryo Implantation in Mice and Rats." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 50, no. 2 (2018): 668–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000494187.

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Background/Aims: Embryo implantation is an essential process for eutherian pregnancy, but this process varies across eutherians. The genomic mechanisms that led to the emergence and diversification of embryo implantation are largely unknown. Methods: In this study, we analyzed transcriptomic changes during embryo implantation in mice and rats by using RNA-seq. Bioinformatics and evolutionary analyses were performed to characterize implantation-associated genes in these two species. Results: We identified a total of 518 differentially expressed genes in mouse uterus during implantation, of whic

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28

Tsuchiya, Hiroyoshi, Shyota Fujimura, Yoko Fujiwara, and Taka-aki Koshimizu. "Critical role of V1a vasopressin receptor in murine parturition†." Biology of Reproduction 102, no. 4 (2019): 923–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioz220.

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Abstract The precise mechanisms of the reproductive physiological processes, such as labor initiation, are poorly understood. Oxytocin (OT) is one of the well-known uterotonics and is clinically adopted as a medication to facilitate childbirth. Vasopressin (VP), a posterior pituitary hormone similar to OT, has also been proposed to be involved in the reproductive physiology. In this study, we found that a total deficiency of V1a receptor subtype (V1aR) in mice resulted in a reduced number of pups, delayed labor initiation, and increased post-delivery hemorrhage compared with those in wild-type

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29

Lammers, Wim J. E. P. "Circulating excitations and re-entry in the pregnant uterus." Pfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology 433, no. 3 (1996): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050279.

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30

Knittle, T. J., K. L. Doyle, and M. M. Tamkun. "Immunolocalization of the mNav2.3 Na+ channel in mouse heart: upregulation in myometrium during pregnancy." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 270, no. 2 (1996): C688—C696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1996.270.2.c688.

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mNav2.3 is a putative voltage-dependent sodium channel (NaC) gene expressed in both mouse heart and uterus that shares only 45% amino acid identity with NaCs from gene subfamily 1. Immunofluorescence studies using polyclonal antibodies against two distinct epitopes revealed that mNav2.3 protein in heart colocalized with nerve-specific antibody binding. Similar mNav2.3-specific antibody staining was observed in virgin uterus. However, mNav2.3 expression in uterine nerve disappeared during late pregnancy, concurrent with an appearance in both the longitudinal and circular uterine smooth muscle,

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31

Neves, Liomar A. A., Kathryn Stovall, JaNae Joyner, et al. "ACE2 and ANG-(1-7) in the rat uterus during early and late gestation." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294, no. 1 (2008): R151—R161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00514.2007.

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The present study was designed to determine ANG peptide content [ANG I, ANG II, ANG-(1-7)], ACE2 mRNA, and the immunocytochemical distribution of ANG-(1-7) and ACE2 in the uteroembryonic unit during early and late gestation in Sprague-Dawley rats and in a rat model of pregnancy-induced hypertension, the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) model. At early pregnancy ANG-(1-7) and ACE2 staining were localized in the primary and secondary decidual zone and luminal and glandular epithelial cells. During late gestation, ANG-(1-7) and ACE2 staining was visualized in the labyrinth placenta and a

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32

Yoo, Hye Rhee, Bong Sik Min, Young Han Park, and Pong Rim Jang. "A Case of Malignant Mixed Mullerian Tumor of the Uterus." Korean Journal of Gynecologic Oncology and Colposcopy 13, no. 2 (2002): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3802/kjgoc.2002.13.2.177.

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Jeong, Su Jeon, De Jin Park, Dae Hoon Jeong, Moon Su Sung, Ki Tae Kim, and Hye Kyoung Yoon. "A Case Of Clear Cell Sarcoma Arising In The Uterus." Korean Journal of Gynecologic Oncology and Colposcopy 15, no. 2 (2004): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3802/kjgoc.2004.15.2.143.

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34

McCracken, John A., Edward E. Custer, and Justin C. Lamsa. "Luteolysis: A Neuroendocrine-Mediated Event." Physiological Reviews 79, no. 2 (1999): 263–323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1999.79.2.263.

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In many nonprimate mammalian species, cyclical regression of the corpus luteum (luteolysis) is caused by the episodic pulsatile secretion of uterine PGF2α, which acts either locally on the corpus luteum by a countercurrent mechanism or, in some species, via the systemic circulation. Hysterectomy in these nonprimate species causes maintenance of the corpora lutea, whereas in primates, removal of the uterus does not influence the cyclical regression of the corpus luteum. In several nonprimate species, the episodic pattern of uterine PGF2α secretion appears to be controlled indirectly by the ovar

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35

LoMauro, Antonella, Andrea Aliverti, Peter Frykholm, et al. "Adaptation of lung, chest wall, and respiratory muscles during pregnancy: preparing for birth." Journal of Applied Physiology 127, no. 6 (2019): 1640–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00035.2019.

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A plethora of physiological and biochemical changes occur during normal pregnancy. The changes in the respiratory system have not been as well elucidated, in part because radioimaging is usually avoided during pregnancy. We aimed to use several noninvasive methods to characterize the adaptation of the respiratory system during the full course of pregnancy in preparation for childbirth. Eighteen otherwise healthy women (32.3 ± 2.8 yr) were recruited during early pregnancy. Spirometry, optoelectronic plethysmography, and ultrasonography were used to study changes in chest wall geometry, breathin

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36

Berkley, K. J., A. Robbins, and Y. Sato. "Afferent fibers supplying the uterus in the rat." Journal of Neurophysiology 59, no. 1 (1988): 142–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.59.1.142.

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1. In the present three-part study electrophysiological techniques were used to characterize responses of afferent fibers in the rat hypogastric nerve to mechanical or chemical stimulation of the uterus, and anatomical techniques were used to identify the spinal segments through which uterine afferent fibers enter the spinal cord. 2. In an in vivo barbiturate-anesthetized preparation, hypogastric afferent fibers responded in a time-locked manner to mechanical stimulation confined to restricted regions of the uterus and adjacent ligament. Receptive fields were most often located on the uterine

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37

Garfield, R. E. "Structural studies of innervation on nonpregnant rat uterus." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 251, no. 1 (1986): C41—C54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1986.251.1.c41.

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Whole-mount preparations of the uterus and mesentery from nonpregnant rats were examined after staining with glyoxylic acid or acetylcholinesterase to demonstrate the innervation. Some uterine tissues were also evaluated by electron microscopy. Glyoxylic acid fluorescent nerves were present in the mesentery, mesometrium, and uterine wall exclusively around blood vessels. Acetylcholinesterase positive nerve fibers from Frankenhauser's plexus (cervical ganglia) were associated with blood vessels and muscle in the uterine wall but not in the mesentery. Electron microscopy revealed nerve varicosit

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Lash, Gendie E., Lynne-Marie Postovit, Nicola E. Matthews, et al. "Oxygen as a regulator of cellular phenotypes in pregnancy and cancer." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 80, no. 2 (2002): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y02-008.

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Cellular phenotype is determined by genetic and microenvironmental factors. There is evidence that tissue oxygenation status is one of the microenvironmental factors regulating cellular behaviour. Both normal and pathological processes such as blastocyst implantation in the uterus, placentation, and rapidly growing tumours occur under conditions characterized by relatively low oxygen levels. In this review, we address the effects of low oxygen concentrations on the phenotype of trophoblast and cancer cells. We provide evidence that oxygenation levels play an important role in the regulation of

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Garfield, R. E., G. Thilander, M. G. Blennerhassett, and N. Sakai. "Are gap junctions necessary for cell-to-cell coupling of smooth muscle?: an update." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 4 (1992): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-063.

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Earlier, it was questioned whether gap junctions (GJs) were necessary for cell–cell communication in smooth muscle, and GJs were not seen in some smooth muscles. We reexamined this question in the myometrium and in intestinal smooth muscle, in light of current knowledge of the presence and function of GJs. In the uterus, numerous studies show that an increase in GJ number is associated with the onset of delivery and is required for effective parturition. In all cases, this increase in GJ number and the changes in uterine contractility were correlated with increased electrical and metabolic cou

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Baek, Jong Chul, In Suk Chang, Myeong Seob Jeong, et al. "A Case of Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma of the Uterus." Korean Journal of Gynecologic Oncology and Colposcopy 15, no. 2 (2004): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3802/kjgoc.2004.15.2.128.

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Park, Jae Cheol, Yong Ho Cho, Jae Won Sin, Ye Jin Kim, and Chang Seo Park. "A Case of Benign Metastasizing Leiomyoma of Uterus to the Lung." Korean Journal of Gynecologic Oncology and Colposcopy 15, no. 3 (2004): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.3802/kjgoc.2004.15.3.246.

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FRIED, G., M. HAMMARSTRÖM, and I. DAHLIN. "Reduced uptake of noradrenaline into storage vesicles from the pregnant uterus." Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 123, no. 3 (1985): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1985.tb07593.x.

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Turner, R. T., L. S. Kidder, M. Zhang, et al. "Estrogen has rapid tissue-specific effects on rat bone." Journal of Applied Physiology 86, no. 6 (1999): 1950–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1999.86.6.1950.

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The decrease in cancellous bone formation after estrogen treatment is generally thought to be coupled with a prior decrease in bone resorption. To test the possibility that estrogen has rapid tissue-specific actions on bone metabolism, we determined the time course (1–32 h) effects of diethylstilbestrol on steady-state mRNA levels for immediate-response genes, extracellular matrix proteins, and signaling peptides in the proximal tibial metaphysis and uterus by using Northern blot and RNase protection assays. The regulation of signaling peptides by estrogen, although tissue specific, followed a

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He, Pei-Jian, Masami Hirata, Nobuhiko Yamauchi, and Masa-aki Hattori. "Up-regulation of Per1 expression by estradiol and progesterone in the rat uterus." Journal of Endocrinology 194, no. 3 (2007): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-07-0172.

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It has been established that estrogen can alter circadian rhythms in behavior and endocrine physiology in rodents. The uterus is a reproductive organ that is critically dependent on regulation by ovarian steroids. Here, we examined the expression of Per1 in different compartments of the uterus, and explored whether the ovarian steroids could regulate Per1 expression employing ovariectomized rat uterus. RT-PCR analysis showed that Per1 was cyclically expressed in the uterus. As revealed by in situ hybridization, the staining intensity of Per1 mRNA was stronger at ZT 8 than at ZT 0 in the uterin

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Fang, L., B. Nowicki, and C. Yallampalli. "Differential expression of uterine NO in pregnant and nonpregnant rats with intrauterine bacterial infection." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 280, no. 5 (2001): R1356—R1363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.5.r1356.

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Previous studies have demonstrated that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the uterine host defense against bacterial infection. In nonpregnant rats, NO production in the uterus was shown to be lower, and inducible NO synthase (NOS) expression was undetectable. However, studies in pregnant rats show abundant expression of inducible NOS with significant elevation in NO production in the uterus. We have recently reported that intrauterine Escherichia coli infection caused a localized increase in uterine NO production and inducible NOS expression in the nonpregnant rat. In our present study, we exa

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Huang, Ming-Yu, Wen-Qian Zhang, Miao Zhao, Can Zhu, Jia-Peng He, and Ji-Long Liu. "Assessment of Embryo-Induced Transcriptomic Changes in Hamster Uterus Using RNA-Seq." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 46, no. 5 (2018): 1868–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000489371.

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Background/Aims: The mouse is widely used as an animal model for studying human embryo implantation. However, the mouse is unique in that both ovarian progesterone and estrogen are critical to implantation, whereas in the majority of species (e.g. human and hamster) implantation can occur in the presence of progesterone alone. Methods: In this study, we analyzed embryo-induced transcriptomic changes in the hamster uterus during embryo implantation by using RNA-seq. Differentially expressed genes were characterized by bioinformatic analysis. Results: We identified a total of 781 differentially

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Racho El-Akouri, R., G. Kurlberg, G. Dindelegan, J. Molne, A. Wallin, and M. Brannstrom. "Heterotopic uterine transplantation by vascular anastomosis in the mouse." Journal of Endocrinology 174, no. 2 (2002): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1740157.

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A method of heterotopic uterine transplantation was developed in the mouse as a model system for studies of uterine function and transplant immunology of the uterus. The model involved transplantation of the right uterine horn and the cervix by vascular anastomosis to a donor animal with the intact native uterus remaining in situ. F1-hybrids of inbred C57BL/6 x CBA/ca (B6 CBAF1) mice of 6-8 weeks of age (n=42) were used. The specific pelvic vascular anatomy of these mice was first examined by intra-aortal injection of a two-component silicon-rubber curing agent. The surgery of the donor animal

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Zhang, Wenyi, Min He, Guohua Huang, and Jia He. "A comparison of ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of uterine fibroids in patients with an anteverted uterus and a retroverted uterus." International Journal of Hyperthermia 32, no. 6 (2016): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2016.1191680.

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Sperelakis, Nicholas, Yoshihito Inoue, and Yusuke Ohya. "Fast Na+ channels in smooth muscle from pregnant rat uterus." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 70, no. 4 (1992): 491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y92-064.

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Smooth muscle cells normally do not possess fast Na+ channels, but inward current is carried through two types of Ca2+ channels: slow (L type) Ca2+ channels and fast (T type) Ca2+ channels. Whole-cell voltage clamp was done on single smooth muscle cells isolated from the longitudinal layer of the 18-day pregnant rat uterus. Depolarizing pulses, applied from a holding potential of −90 mV, evoked two types of inward current, fast and slow. The fast inward current decayed within 30 ms, depended on [Na]o, and was inhibited by tetrodotoxin (TTX) (K0.5 = 27 nM). The slow inward current decayed slowl

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Chumduri, Cindrilla, and Margherita Y. Turco. "Organoids of the female reproductive tract." Journal of Molecular Medicine 99, no. 4 (2021): 531–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00109-020-02028-0.

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AbstractHealthy functioning of the female reproductive tract (FRT) depends on balanced and dynamic regulation by hormones during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and childbirth. The mucosal epithelial lining of different regions of the FRT—ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina—facilitates the selective transport of gametes and successful transfer of the zygote to the uterus where it implants and pregnancy takes place. It also prevents pathogen entry. Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) organoid systems from the FRT now provide crucial experimental models that recapitulate

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