Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Utfackningsvägg'
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Sundemo, Sörensson Malin Frederic. "Utfackningsvägg av lättbetongblock i passivhus." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Civil Engineering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12877.
Full textAbstract
This report intends through a case study to investigate if lightweight concrete is
appropriate as main material in the outer wall of a seven storey residential building.
A technical design is carried out in accordance with the definitions and requirements
for passive houses, given by FEBY’s1 “Demand specification for passive houses”.
A literature review is also carried out for a comparison between regular bolt wall and
light weight concrete wall, with a focus on the safety of moisture.
The lightweight concrete block used in the report is as a celblock produced by the
company H+H Sweden AB.
The methods used have resulted in compliance with requirements and
recommendations from authorities. Calculations of energy, noise and moisture risk
assessment has been carried out.
The work has resulted in the conclusion that the lightweight concrete itself is not
able to isolate in the extent necessary to obtain chosen U-value of 0,1 W/m2 ° C,
without getting to thick. Therefore additional insulation is needed. There are few
relevant reference objects built with only light weight concrete. A villa in Lomma,
Sweden, has been designed but is not yet built. The house has no additional
insulation and the climate screen consists only of light weight concrete and plaster.
The multi storey building designed within this report has generally large windows,
also to the north, which in passive house context is unusual. The large window areas
result in greater thermal bridges around the windows and greater losses of heat
through transmission.
As compensation a very low U- value of 0,1 W/m2 ° C was set as a prerequisite from
the start ensuring a positive energy balance. This action has proved necessary when
implemented energy balance calculation resulted in the heating demand of 42
kWh/m2 per year. Maximum allowable energy for a passive house is according to
FEBY under 50 kWh/m2 per year.
There are several advantages identified when using light weight concrete. All
problems related to moister are avoided with this completely mineral material. Light
weight concrete offers good thermal insulation by its porosity. It has heat storing
properties during the winters. The material is fireproof and free from chemicals.
Together with additional insulation a quiet and healthy indoor environment is
derived.
It has been difficult to find potential risks of using concrete in the climate screen of
a passive house. Passive house technology is relatively new, and passive house
technology with concrete is even newer. In fact, the villa in Lomma is said to be the
first in Sweden carried out in light weight concrete. A minor estimation upon the
costs of a the insulated light weight concrete wall, contra a wood bolt wall has proved
the light weight concrete wall to be twice as expensive. Perhaps the future will prove
risks that have not yet been revealed?
Larsson, Mattias. "Utfackningsvägg i fältfabrik : en studie av arbetsmiljö och enhetstider." Thesis, University of Gävle, University of Gävle, Department of Technology and Built Environment, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-4093.
Full textConstruction companies are frequently criticized for high prices and long construction time. At the same time, statistics shows that construction workers are on the sick-list for occupational injuries or casualties more than other groups at the labour market.
Skanska built a block of flats with tenant-ownerships in Gävle. The construction consists of concrete walls with in-fill walls in the front. The purpose with this degree project is to perform a risk analysis in work environment with focus on repetitive strain injuries and control the time report for in-fill walls manufactured in a field factory. The result of this project will help to make more realistic cost predictions in the future.
This degree project has been performed in cooperation with the construction company Skanska. It based on literature studies, interviews and field studies.
The result shows that the work environment is satisfactory with few exceptions and the time report is a lot higher than calculated
Strömberg, Patrik, and Marcus Pettersson. "UTFACKNINGSVÄGGAR : En jämförelse mellan platsbyggda och prefabriceradebyggmetoder." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-209947.
Full textI samband med dagens ökade konkurrens i byggbranschen sätts det press på byggentreprenörer. Effektiviseringar, material- och metodval blir allt mer viktiga för att kunna minska byggtid, reducera kostnader men även leverera en entreprenad med hög kvalitet samt med ergonomiska- och säkra utföranden. Idag används olika metoder och prefabriceringsgrader beroende på projekts olika förutsättningar. Detta examensarbete syftar till att redovisa vilka förutsättningar som är av vikt vid val av utfackningsmetod. Studien behandlar även för- och nackdelar med olika metodval samt när dessa bör användas eller undvikas. Rapporten är avgränsad till studier av platsbyggda, halvprefabricerade och helprefabricerade utfackningsväggar. Studien har gjorts i sammarbete med PEAB Bostad AB Uppsala, som tillämpar de här studerade metoderna inom företaget. Metoder för att få fram relevant och intressant information har främst gjorts i form av litteraturstudier, arbetsplatsbesök och intervjuer med nyckelpersoner i produktionen. Studien redovisar att halvprefabricerade utfackningsväggar är det bästa alternativet i dagsläget, för att kunna uppnå god kvalitet, minska kostnader och reducera byggtider. Metoden är snabb och minskar belastnings- och förslitningsskador jämfört med platsbyggnation samt att de ekonomiska riskerna är små vilket gör att en pricksäker budget kan göras före byggstart. Vid renoverings- och tilläggsarbeten samt vid mindre projekt kan platsbyggnation vara lönsamt men bör undvikas i allmänhet då arbetsmiljön och ergonomin försämras. Metoden tar även längre tid och bemanningskurvan blir ojämnare. Helprefabricerade utfackningsväggar är den snabbaste metoden men innefattar även de största riskerna. Metoden kommer att bli vanligare i framtiden i takt med säkrare utföranden och noggrannare hantering. I dagsläget är denna metod problematisk då eventuella problem kan vara omfattande.
Nilsson, Jonas, and Anton Forsberg. "UTFACKNINGSVÄGGAR : En studie i ekonomi och tid." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396004.
Full textJoneby, Annika, and Norling Sarah Jonsson. "Infästning och montering av fasadskivor : En utvärdering av lämpliga metoder." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-231197.
Full textExterior insulation finishing systems (EIFS) have been widely used in construction ofresidential buildings in recent decades. Since many of the buildings have been affectedby dampness, it is recommended to build ventilated facades instead. This type offacade is easy to create with great variety by using facade panels.This diploma work has been done at NCC in Uppsala. The aim of the work is to assistproject leaders, purchaser and site managers in the choice of attachment system forfuture projects with facade panels. The project being studied is Kvarntornen inUppsala, an eleven-storey building with a facade of aluminum panels. The project usesNCC’s standard outer wall, a curtain-wall with wooden studs. The diploma work consisted of interviews with people who work or have workedwith facade panels and their attachment, such as suppliers and people involved inprevious projects at NCC. The factors that have been in focus are material usage,work environment, and cost to find the attachment systems and working platformspossible to use at Kvarntornen. The result shows that it is most profitable to use a system that consists of horizontalprofiles attached to the studs in the walls and vertical spars attached to the profileswhere mounting of facade panels can be done. If an outer wall of concrete is usedthere are more options for attachment systems. The working platform recommendedfor the mounting of the panels is a mast climbing work platform. Where it is notpossible to use the climbing platform, a platform hanging from the roof is the onlyreasonable option to use. The conclusion of this study is a planning guide for future projects with facade panelsin combination with curtain-walls.
Granqvist, Andreas, and Jonas Hall. "Utfackningsväggar och trafikbuller - En förtätning av Albyberget." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223326.
Full textAUCTORITAS Projektstyrning AB is working on obtaining contract documents for two new apartment buildings in an environment that is exposed to noise. One problem that has arisen is to find an infill wall that meets the requirements for noise and U-value, which at the same time is economically justifiable. The authors, on behalf of AUCTORITAS Projektstyrning AB, have examined 10 different infill walls with regard to noise reduction, U-value and price. The purpose of the work was to investigate the technical properties of the infill walls. The question that was addressed was the following: How does different materials affect the sound attenuation? Which infill walls can handle the noise requirements of a new construction on Albyberget? Can the problem be solved solely with the walls or does it require further action? Is it economically justifiable to choose a thicker wall with regard to u value instead of maximizing the living space? In order to answer these questions, the authors have carried out laboratory work, literature studies and also taken part in a reference object, acoustics reports, energy calculation reports and costing books/offers. An interview with a person with knowledge in the area of noise/acoustics have been completed and used as a complementary basis. The results led to a recommendation of a standard timber frame wall with a thickness of 395 mm, that met all of the project requirements and with a cost of 1 391 kr/m2 to be used in the buildings at Albyberget.
Johansson, Sofia, and Tilda Holst. "Klimatpåverkansanalys i byggskedet : Tre olika ytterväggskonstruktioner i tre olika städer." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44390.
Full textConstruction in Sweden is at a high level that has not been relevant since the Million Homes Programme in the 70s. Combining a high construction rate with Sweden's climate goal, which includes net zero greenhouse emissions by 2045, is a challenge which creates higher demands on sustainable solutions. One way to evaluate the climate impact of a building or building component is through a life cycle assessment. Therefore, the aim of this study is to, by using climate calculations in the construction phase, investigate which exterior wall construction should theoretically be used regarding climate impact and geography. The walls studied are curtain wall, and constructions including IsoTimber and hempcrete which are placed in Luleå, Stockholm and Malmö. The results show that the net emissions for the curtain wall are close to zero in all cities and varies between 4,9 and 15,7 CO2e per m2. For IsoTimber, the corresponding figures vary from -310,8 to -160,9 kg CO2e per m2, which shows an effect that could be considered positive. Climate-positive results were also shown for the construction with hempcrete: -96,1 to -58,2 kg CO2e per m2. For the curtain wall, the carbon dioxide emissions vary from 40,3 to 45,1 CO2e per m2. The construction with IsoTimber generates emissions that varies from 44,5 to 63,7 kg CO2e per m2. With hempcrete, emissions reached figures from 49,0 to 109,5 kg CO2e per m2. In summary, it was found that carbon dioxide emissions increase in all cities, between 10– 143%. The curtain wall has the lowest impact on the climate in all studied cities. However, if carbon storage is being accounted for, the construction with IsoTimber has the best figures. A conclusion that transports are important for the climate footprint can be drawn. However, it is above all the product phase that generates the highest carbon dioxide emissions.
Lönnbark, Emil. "Materialval i utfackningsväggar." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Civil Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-805.
Full textThe aim of this report is to give a concise description of curtain walls, what it is and why they are used. It is also a description of six different but commonly used design technologies. By giving a detailed description of the different types and there special properties, the pros and cons will be clarified. The three most interesting alternatives were selected to be included in a test, to show the best alternative from a certain point of view.
The parameters are:
• Environment
• Cost
• Ergonomics
• Isolation against noise and fire
• Durability
These are important parameters in the planning and design phase. The report contains a summary about each parameter and what is important to pay attention to during construction work.
The test is based on these parameters and by allotting points to each wall according to properties, for each parameter a best choice can be pointed out.
The report ends up with a discussion about the result and what are the most important properties. The end result shows the points per parameter for each wall.
Barton, Jakob, and Gustav Rödjemyr. "En undersökning av prefabricerade och platsbyggda utfackningsväggar." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-44908.
Full textNCC – Nordic Construction Company – in Örebro has recently decided to use prefabricated infill-walls as a method of choice. This report aims to explore, compile and compare the method of prefabricating infill-walls with the method of building infill-walls on site. The comparison has been made through considering aspects such as work environment, time consummation, manufacturing and production costs. The report has been conducted upon request from NCC in order to provide an indication of which method of production that present the best alternative for future projects. Interviews and information from relevant and ongoing projects in the Örebro area constitutes the basis of this report. All references to costs and time are based upon actual time schemes and invoices collected from said projects. The work environment has been compared to the risk analysis made by responsible staff members on site, all in accordance with the Swedish Work Environment Authority’s (Arbetsmiljöverket) directives. According to this report the difference in financial terms between site build and infill-walls is not that big. By using prefabricated infill-walls the report shows that you can save a lot of time. The report has been
Skoglund, Erika, and Max Flemström. "Trä- och stålreglars påverkan av värmeflödet i utfackningsväggar." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-23708.
Full textConstruction of Swedish buildings today places higher demands on the heat-insulating capacity of the building envelope in the house built. This in turn places higher demands on the structures and also creates new problems. Standard solutions that previously worked well are being replaced by new, sometimes untested, solutions. The tougher demands on energy and moisture design means that the choice of substrate material is of greater importance than before when designing buildings.Here we have tried to give a realistic view of how the choice of studs can affect energy and humidity conditions of a building with curtain walls, focusing on studs in the field. The survey used reference objects projects in the form of drawings provided by the supervisor at Clarus Architects. Using these, three-dimensional calculations were made showing firstly that the choice of material can be of great importance both for the energy and moisture, and secondly, that the relationship is not necessarily simple. The importance of the choice of studs varies depending on how the wall is built. By a laboratory experiment, the correlation between slotted and unslotted outer wall studs was examined to provide greater understanding and verifying the accuracy of the calculations compared to a real wall. The last task proved difficult to achieve, but it was clear that the studs had great significance for the temperature distribution in a wall.
Wahlstrand, Jenni. "Utfackningsväggar ur lufttäthets- och fuktsäkerhetsperspektiv : En jämförelse mellan platsbyggda och prefabriceradeutfackningsväggar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-185344.
Full textStenberg, Anna. "Lufttäta klimatskal i prefabricerade betongstommar och pelar- balksystem med lätta utfackningsväggar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-159674.
Full textSweden's periodically very cold climate requires a building to be equipped with a sufficiently heat-insulating climate scale so that we can keep energy consumption down, ie maintain the energy supplied. According to the Energy Performance Directive, all new buildings built in the EU after 2020 must be close to zero energy buildings. Although the term has not yet been fully defined, it can be summarized that it is the Boverket, which specifies the requirements for energy conservation and thermal insulation. However, there are no specific requirements for measurable values regarding air density. It is now up to the builder to make demands and these are formulated in the program work. At new production, the inner airtight layer is devoted to a lot of time and attention. There are often standard solutions, but some details are more labor-intensive to solve and one of these is floor joints. However, consensus appears to exist regarding existing research on climate scale with heavy exterior walls such as sandwich elements. This type of construction has very good conditions for providing a sustained low transmission loss and good air tightness in the long run. Historically, the joints have been the weak point. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prerequisites for a standard solution in the steel / HD / F meeting against curtain walls with the aim of tightening this type of structural component. An investigation will also be made to get a better understanding of air tightness and diffusion density problems in the climate shell, partly in precast concrete buildings, as well as in post- beam structural systems with light curtain walls, to gain a better understanding of whether this can be derived from different stages of the construction process. Experiences from different professions were collected and evaluated against the existing theory. A total of 26 companies were interviewed either face to face or via email and telephone. The study shows that problems still arise in the joints between concrete elements. The interviewees testify to joints that crack, are defective, are difficult to access, and that the casting fails or is forgotten. So, even though the conditions are high for climate scale with heavy exterior walls to maintain a sustained low transmission loss and good air tightness, there is scope for further studies in this area. Among the suggestions given by those interviewed to a standard solution, one proposal appears more interesting than the others, and it is to supply the steel beams flanges with bitumen bands before the concrete bellows are put into place. However, how well this proposal works in practice remains to be seen. There are some very good ideas from the interviewees on how to best fit the plastic film to achieve maximum air tightness but there must basically be a balance between how insufficient information may be on a drawing and how much projectors and designers should expect craftsmen to solve on site.
Endre, Robert. "Brottsskeden kring infästning av stålpelare." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11957.
Full textA infill wall is a non-bearing wall construction, often is made af wood, which has the aim of minimizing the energy consumption of buildings in concrete. The inside the construction is sometimes steel designed for supporting the overlyingstructures. Steel studs are subjected to loads that they must be dimensioned to support. Above and below the colums plates are welded to increase the loaded area and prevent damages to the concrete. In this thesis a computer program in Excel has been created, the program dimensions border pillars in steel that follows the Eurocodes. Included in the program is punching, local pressure, splitting, distance to concrete, reduction when drilling in concrete, compression load capacity of foot and top plates, and bending torque the plates. Punching is a conical damage that occurs in the concrete, the damage occurs without warning and the concrete’s bearing capacity decreases rapidly which can lead to collapse. Local pressure is a local damage of the concrete and splitting, meaning that because of the pressure force arising can lead to a horizontal thrust in the concrete, which can lead to injuries. Since it is difficult to perceive the distance between the plates and the concrete edge of structural strength in the Eurocodes a calculation method has been made, equally applies to the consequences when drilling near a pillar. Examples of holes can be stairs, elevators or holes for heat strain for radiators. The plates are calculated in cross-section class three. The program is built so that different dimensions and qualities is selected, then the program calculates the strength of the structure and reports if will support the load. Different dimensions and qualities can be tested to get the optimal structure sollution. Limits have been set, the program only calculates the various injuries mentioned above and applies only to square VKR-sections and plates. Pillar has been calculated as articulated in both secured repository where the only pressure forces dimensioned concrete and plates. During the first phase of the work, gathering facts for the various types of damages has been done. Facts have been gathered from literature, reports, studies, researches, previous solutions, discussions with industry experienced and previous and more recent regulations. Since then, the computer program has been made, the goal of the program is to get a quick result and a complete report. Therefore, the program is made so that all damages is on different tabs and can be reported separately. So that the program can used by third parties standard names, images and comments are used. The program has been checked with various calculation examples and applications to achieve a credible / useful result. Conclusion: A well-functioning model has been developed and can be used by structural engineers with a education at least of technical college.
Klemetz, Jacob, and Joseph Eklund. "Klimatpåverkan av stommaterial på Regnbågens förskola i Årjäng : Med fokus på koldioxidutsläpp vid val av KL-trästomme alternativt stålstomme med utfackningsväggar av trä och bjälklag av betong." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78947.
Full textToday, the Earth's resources are used at a higher rate than the Earth can manage. The construction industry is one of the sectors that have the greatest negative climate impact, mainly related to high carbon dioxide emissions. This industry continuously strives to develop building- and construction materials resulting in an as low environmental footprint as possible. Recent trends, in the construction industry, shows an increase in the use of cross-limbed timber (CLT) for frame material. The claim is lower environmental footprint at the same time as it gives a better indoor climate compared to other frame materials. This study will be a theoretical comparison of the climate impact as well as the indoor environment between a CLT frame and a combined steel and concrete frame. Both frame alternatives have been designed by the construction company ByggDialog together with their partners. The reference building for this study is Regnbågens Preschool in Årjäng Municipality. The purpose of this study is to raise and create awareness and also provide tools for ByggDialog and their customers enabling a climate-smart frame selection. This will most likely also contribute to achieving the Swedish sustainability goals by 2030. By using data from the Global Warming Potential (GWP) for the input materials, the climate impact was calculated. Each construction frame type data was analyzed during the product phase which include raw material supply, transport and manufacturing (module A1-A3) in the form of emissions of carbon dioxide equivalents. A literature study was also conducted to analyze how a frame of CLT affects indoor environment. The result showed that by using a CLT frame material versus a combined steel and concrete-frame the environmental reduction was about 50% and about 12% increase in cost. When calculating the carbon dioxide emissions per SEK, it was found that the CLT frame construction had about 67% lower carbon dioxide emissions per SEK compared to a combined steel and concrete frame. The literature study showed that a frame material of CLT provides a more evenly distributed humidity, poorer heat storage capacity and less sound absorption capacity in the form of step- and frame sound compared to a combined steel and concrete frame construction. Further research in this field indicates that by having visible wood, for example a CLT frame provides an experience of safety, relaxation and general well-being for people in the building.
Sörensen, Ida. "MÄTNING AV LUFTTÄTHET I FLERBOSTADSHUS : Gällande krav, praktiskt genomförda mätningar samt en tillämpbar metod." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Ämnesavdelningen för byggnadskvalitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-5064.
Full textThere is a great perplexity about how air permeability should be measured in multiple-unit dwellings. The methods available and the obtained results for determination of air permeability in single-dwelling houses are not applicable for multiple-unit dwellings, even if the derived quantities are the same. This causes the problem for this report: Why and how should the air permeability be determined for a multiple-unit dwelling in a functional and applicable way, which also makes it possible to compare the obtained results from different dwelling units? The methods used to explore solutions are literature studies, conversation with professionals and a full-scale demonstration of one of the methods. A discussion with the initiators of this report leads to the recommended method and a model for how it should be performed. The air-, diffusion- and windtightness of the building envelope are of big importance to the building. The use of energy, moisture transfer, thermal comfort and hygiene, air quality, noise, spreading of fire and spreading of air pollutions are all affected by it. The air tightness is a crucial element for the durability of the building and to secure a good indoor environment. Air tight buildings are also cost-effective in the long run for the involved participants. They are also good for the environment. A study that have been made show that the energy-use for heating buildings will be reduced with almost 30 % if the air permeability improves from 0,8 l/s·m2 to 0,4 l/s·m2. Such a big reduction of the energy use could not be accomplished with any other energy improvement-move that was investigated in the study. The Swedish building regulations, Boverkets Regelsamling för byggande BBR, used to have a demand for the air tightness of buildings. It has been removed in favor of a demand of the function for the energy use, which also include the air tightness. The common advices in BBR refer to the standard, SS-EN 13829 for determination of air permeability. The methods available for determination of air permeability in buildings are the tracer-gas method, determination with a temporary wall, the ventilation system, with corresponding pressure in adjacent spaces and determination with a Blower Door. The last method was demonstrated in multiple-unit dwellings in Umeå, Sweden, with good results. Note that the result of this report is a methodology and how the method should be performed within buildings erected by NCC in Umeå. It describes a functional and applicable method where the results can be compared between different objects. An internal quantity which describes the air permeability of the external wall has been developed. A discussion of the relevance if the derived quantity and the standard has been made. The change in BBR to demands of the function for the energy use has been considered to be a driving force for knowledge. The procedure described in the results has been considered to be the optimum procedure for existing conditions with the standard available. A change in the standard would lead to a better method which would give more informative results.