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Academic literature on the topic 'Utilisation du sol – Sénégal (ouest)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Utilisation du sol – Sénégal (ouest)"
Gueye, Papa Sam, Babacar Labou, Mamadou Diatte, and Karamoko Diarra. "La mauvaise pratique phytosanitaire, principale source de contamination du chou au Sénégal." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 14, no. 2 (May 12, 2020): 539–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v14i2.19.
Full textN'Guessan Bi, Vami Hermann, Mahaman Bachir Saley, Narcisse Talla, Janvier Fotsing, Kouadio Affian, and Emmanuel Tonye. "Apport de la télédétection à l'analyse de la dynamique de l'occupation du sol à partir d'une utilisation couplée d'un modèle de Markov et d'un automate cellulaire. Cas du département de Sinfra (centre-ouest de la Côte d'Ivoi." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, no. 204 (April 8, 2014): 23–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2013.19.
Full textMorsli, Boutkhil, Mohammed Habi, and Mohamed Meddi. "Dynamique de l’érosion en zone méditerranéenne algérienne : facteurs explicatifs de variation du ruissellement et de l’érosion sous différentes occupations du sol." Revue des sciences de l’eau 26, no. 2 (June 3, 2013): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1016061ar.
Full textZouaoui, Nassira, Radhia Mansour, and Abdessalem El Ghali. "Utilisation du modèle PAP/CAR et du SIG pour un zonage du risque d’érosion hydrique. Exemple du bassin versant de Tessa (Tunisie)." Revue Internationale de Géomatique 29, no. 3-4 (July 2019): 361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.2020.00096.
Full textDuponnois, Robin, Ezékiel Baudoin, Hervé Sanguin, Jean Thioulouse, Christine Le Roux, Estelle Tournier, Antoine Galiana, Yves Prin, and Bernard Dreyfus. "L'introduction d'acacias australiens pour réhabiliter des écosystèmes dégradés est-elle dépourvue de risques environnementaux ?" BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 318, no. 318 (December 1, 2013): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2013.318.a20519.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Utilisation du sol – Sénégal (ouest)"
Diagne, Abdoulaye. "Les mutations agraires et la gestion des ressources naturelles dans le centre-ouest sénégalais : la communauté rurale de Ngoye." Bordeaux 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR30048.
Full textThe changes which have affected the agrarian system in this densely populated part of Senegal began to be felt as soon as the groundnut was introduced in the nineteenth century. However it was only following attempts - centered on groundnut production - to modernize agriculture that the rural system underwent a profound transformation. The vegetation cover has declined and the soil has become less productive, both surface and underground water bodies have become scarce, game has disappeared entirely, bovine herds have been driven towards Ferlo and the tann, and demographic pressure on the land has reached a peak. Today, many features of pre-colonial Sereer social organization subsist, but the changes underway herald an unprecedented upheaval. The agrarian transformations, the high density of the population, continual emigration at an increasingly early age, and the consequences of that emigration for the local economy, all continue to determine new conditions of land tenure, as well as new social, environmental and even political issues in the villages in the area
Ndao, Ibou. "Articulation entre terroirs villageois et collectivités locales dans le processus de la décentralisation : pratiques de gestion, logiques d'usage et représentation du territoire : cas de la communauté rurale de Ross Béthio au Sénégal." Toulouse 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU20004.
Full textDecentralization in rural Senegalese medium has followed a long process. Since 1972, the authorities always have posted a real will of promotion of the local participation by the means of several reforms aiming the local organization and the operation of the communities. These reforms will devote the responsabilisation of the local actors in a collective development of resources and stock management. These decentralization occurs in a context of disengagement of the State which transfers to the local communities more competences than means. Thus the rural role of the council, authority of decision elected within the rural community was to harmonize the development on the communal level of the territory. It must articulate in a coherent way the practices and logics of action of the whole of the village soils to sit as a common management space with the aim of a better integration in the various activities one the whole of the community. The interest of this research is to account for the various strategies of the socio-professional groups around the capacity transferred for the stock management. These strategies which are the cause of various conflicts between the actors, in particular between the peasants and the stockbreeders, made it possible to found a process of negotiation to find a compromised allowing a common management of the space of the community and its resources. This compromised means at the rural Community level of Ross Béthio, the installation of a Plan of Occupation and Assignment of the Grounds
MANLAY, Raphaël. "Dynamique de la matière organique à l'échelle d'un terroir agro-pastoral de savane ouest-africaine (sud-Sénégal)." Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005770.
Full textLe terroir choisi était organisé en auréoles, avec une intensification croissante des pratiques de la périphérie (auréole de brousse) vers le village (champs de case).
Les stocks dans le système sol-plante étaient de 54,7 tC, 2,63 tN et 43,5 kgP ha-1 dans les jachères âgées, soit des croîts respectifs de 97, 29 et 251 % par rapport aux cultures de brousse (l'augmentation ayant lieu essentiellement dans la biomasse végétale). Les stocks mesurés dans le sol des champs de case étaient supérieurs à ceux des cultures de brousse, essentiellement dans l'horizon 0-10 cm. Cependant, la faible réponse globale des stocks de carbone des sols sableux à la jachère et à la fumure ne peut être interprétée qu'en réévaluant le rôle bio-thermodynamique joué par le carbone dans l'intégrité des agroécosystèmes locaux.
Les stocks moyens sur le terroir contrôlables par l'homme furent estimés à 29,7 tC, 1,52 tN and 28,6 kgP ha-1 en 1997. Le carbone était stocké surtout dans le sol. Elevage, récoltes et collecte de bois ont représenté respectivement 59, 27 et 14 % des prélèvements de carbone dans le terroir. Grâce à eux, des flux importants de carbone ont été établis vers les champs de case (3,8 tC ha-1 an-1), et les pertes minérales globales ont été estimées à 4 kgN et 1 kgP ha-1 an-1. Le terroir était donc proche de l'équilibre minéral.
Mais selon la dynamique démographique actuelle, la perte de carbone pourrait atteindre 0,38 tC ha-1 an-1, et la demande en carbone doubler durant les 30 prochaines années. Sans intensification des pratiques, ceci remettrait en cause la viabilité du système.
Kionou, Noufou. "Le contrôle social de l'espace dans le sud-ouest du Burkina Faso." Bordeaux 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR30062.
Full textSituated largely at the interior of the loop of river mouhoun, the south west of burkina faso, zone of the birrimians hills and the peneplain is a land of recent immigration marked by an unprecedented transformation of the naturel landscape. Access to the naturel ressources and exploitation of the environment are subjected to rivalry between the native populations and immigrants. In this context of rivalry the diversity of the social environmental practices emphasize the deteroration of the land (physical landscape). Comparative soil studies of the birrimians hills region and those from the west in the peneplain presents an opposition between socially controlled and non-controlled environment. In this region, due to lack of land, the natives have been practicing intensive farming for a long time. The social practices of the environment which for a long time permitted the natives bwa and marka to exploit rationally and durably their natural ressources and that under bad weather conditions are abandonned in the soils of the peneplain where the total absence of environmental social control make up a grave threat for the south west's alimentary and ecological security. The revaluation of these ancient agrarian practices and the stabilization of the peasant population will undoubtedly allow to practice a social control adapted to the environmental requirements of the south west of burkina faso
Ndiaye, Tidiane. "La gestion foncière pour la réduction des risques de désastre naturel : le cas des inondations de la ville de Pikine, Sénégal." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25673.
Full textThe recurrence and Scale of natural disasters have currently significant societal challenges, especially when looked at from the angle of territorial planning and land management for the reduction of the risk inherent to human settlement in vulnerable areas. As a matter of fact, the region of Dakar, Senegal, has been facing recurring seasonal floodings for decades, causing significant damage. Pikine, a town in the suburbs, is the most affected. Between 2005 and 2009 it is estimated that 360,000 people have been directly affected by floodings in that suburban area of Dakar (IAGU, 2009). These seasonal events continue to increase the vulnerability of the population who is often poor and has no option but to live in those areas at risk. This case study will address the following question: What are the factors associated with the settlements in those areas at risk? What are the interrelationships between land management and vulnerability to natural disasters? What land-management-related interventions have been implemented to mitigate the risk of flooding? The answers to these questions will enable us to better understand the land-management-related characteristics of vulnerability.
Doucoure, Mohamed Bachir. "Modes d'accès à la terre et faire-valoir dans une région cacaoyère vieillissante du centre-ouest ivoirien : les formes de captation de la rente foncière dans la région d'Oumé." Toulouse 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU20023.
Full textIn the general ageing situation of the coffee ochards and cocoa from the ivory forested zone, a historic analysis of land accesses in different regions (soils) certifies that each period, where one form of land acces has been dominated during cohabitation by a multiple of different forms of land accesses. Among these divers forms of accesses, some lasting throughout the harvesting time or cultivation, can be analysed like land tenancies giving you differents captation forms of land rent
Agbanou, Bidossèssi Thierry. "Dynamique de l'occupation du sol dans le secteur Natitingou-Boukombé (nord-ouest bénin) : de l'analyse diachronique à une modélisation prospective." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU20076.
Full textIn Benin, forests and savannahs are the predominant types of land use and constitute dynamic systems whose evolution depends on several environmental and anthropogenic factors. In the Natitingou-Boukombé sector (Northwestern Benin), most of these ecosystems are in degradation due to increased anthropogenic activities. The objective of this study is to quantify the landscape dynamics and explore all possible future land use using remote sensing tools. The data used are mainly Landsat TM satellite images from 1987, ETM+ from 2000, OLIR TIRS from 2016, Modis VCF and NDVI series from 2000 to 2016. A multi-date classification was used to quantify land use changes in this study area.The results show that between 1987 and 2016, the landscape initially dominated by clear forests and wooded savannahs (38.81%) and wooded savannahs and shrubs (25.82%) in 1987 was replaced by land use categories, the most important of which were wooded savannahs and shrubs (40.53%) and cropland and fallow mosaics (50.61%) in 2016. Human activities and climatic disturbances are the main determinants of this land use dynamics. These explanatory factors, combined with the prospective analysis, made it possible to explore three possible future-oriented scenarios by 2031.The Business-As-Usual scenario (BAU) extrapolating current trends shows that by 2031 the landscape of this study area will be dominated by mosaics of crops and fallow land (69.64%), tree and shrub savannahs (21.93%), saxicultural savannahs (3.6%) and agglomerations (2.66%). In the Rapid Economic Growth (REC) scenario, which focuses solely on increasing agricultural production, the landscape will consist mainly of mosaics of crops and fallow land (73.72%), wooded savannahs and shrubs (17.35%), saxicultural savannahs (3.7%) and agglomerations (3.06%). The Coordinated Environmental Sustainability (CED) scenario, which incorporates environmental preservation, presents a landscape essentially composed of mosaics of crops and fallows (67.97%), wooded savannahs and shrubs (22.6%), saxicultural savannahs (3.7%), agglomerations (2.3%), clear forests and wooded savannahs (1.7%) and plantations (1.05%). In the latter scenario, there is therefore an effort to restore wooded savannahs and shrubs, clear forests and wooded savannahs and plantations.This landscape, on which the survival of populations depends, is evolving in the sense of its degradation. And it will get worse by 2031 if nothing is done. But the results obtained in the Coordinated Environmental Sustainability (CED) scenario show that hope is possible if the authorities in charge of land management and the environment integrate the stolen environmental preservation into their decision-making
Lingane, Zakaria. "Sites d'anciens villages et organisation de l'espace dans le Yatenga (Nord-Ouest du Burkina Faso)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010522.
Full textThe Yatenga region, located north-west of Burkina Faso alongside the Nakanbe river (former white volta river), is rich in archeological sites which are the evidence of former deserted villages with relativity dense seedlings. Traces of ancient populating which can be found in all the northern region of Burkina are materialised by anthropical knolls grouping associated with bare lands with or without traces, cemeteries covered with funeral large eathenware pots, acacia albida tree-parcs, agrarian structures, hydraulics works and traces of artcraft activities, particularly ceramic and metal work activities. The distribution of the sites in the mandscape shows a preference for settling areas with poliorcetic advantages and with a wide accessibility to ressources, necessary to a sedentary farming life. Enquiries on the cultural and ethnical attribution of the sites, the archeological relics through historical traditions of the Kurumbas and of the moose often let appear a relation with the Kibse whose descendants are said to be the present time Dogon of Bandiagara in Mali and the sites. The complexity of the populating process of this region of the Niger river sweep is to be emphasized. A systematical interpretation of the whole of the historical and archeological data makes partial this attribution of the sites to the Kibsedogon tribes, because of the "successive piling up" of population strate prior to the moose conquest, belonging to various stocks. This work is exemplary because it poses. .
Touré, El Hadj. "Décentralisation et gouvernance locale : les effets sociopolitique de la gestion foncière décentralisée dans la communauté rurale de Ross Béthio (Delta du fleuve Sénégal)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21256.
Full textSchwal, Brigitte. "Dynamique de la biodiversité végétale dans les paysages d'agriculture intensive : utilisation du sol, composition floristique, végétation et structures paysagères du Lauragais haut-garonnais (Sud-Ouest, France), XIXe-XXe siècle." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20054.
Full textThe conservation of the biodiversity is now recognized like a priority measure to implement. However the factors responsible for its evolution are much less known. In this context, we study the factors responsible for the dynamics of the plant biodiversity, in the intensive farming landscapes of the "Lauragais haut-garonnais" (South-Western France), within a contemporary temporal framework. We carried out a multi-sites and multi-dates analysis which offer to understand the space organization of the components of the landscape mosaic, to propose bases for conservatory management. The study reveals a global reduction of the plant biodiversity, mainly under the influence of the degradation of the habitats (decrease and fragmentation) and the modern practices. However, prospects for conservatory management are still possible in these strongly anthropized landscapes