Academic literature on the topic 'Utive functions'

This paper provides definitions of the concept of metacognition and explores its relationship to occupational performance. Metacognition is divided into two components: awareness and exec utive functions. Assessments of awareness and executive functions are reviewed, treatment guidelines for metacognitive deficits are delineated, and research findings related to clients with neurological dysfunctions are summarized. Finally, the importance of integrating metacognitive components into occupational therapy theory and practice is emphasized.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan dan mendekripsikan fungsi sosial kemasyarakatan tembang macapat. Masalah penelitian adalah bagaimanakah tembang macapat difungsikan dalam kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan. Seiring dengan tujuan dan masalah itu, metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan ditopang teori fungsi sastra yang bertolak dari tesis dan kontratesis Horatio, dulce dan utile. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa tembang macapat dari awal keberadaannya, abad XIV Masehi, hingga kini dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sosial kemasyarakatan, antara lain, sebagai hiburan, estetika, pendidikan, pementasan tradisional, sarana surat-menyurat, senandung teman bekerja, mantra penolak bala, upacara temu temanten adat Jawa, upacara kegiatan Pangestu, dan filosofi siklus kehidupan. Atas dasar fungsi sosial kemasyarakat tersebut menjadikan tembang macapat sebagai karya sastra yang begitu urgen dalam kehidupan manusia sebagai tontonan, tuntunan, dan tatanan.This study aims to reveal the social and decrypt functions macapat. The research problem is how macapat functioned in social life. Along with the purpose and the problem was, the method used is a qualitative method supported by the theory of functions of literature that departed from the thesis and kontratesis Horatio, dulce and utile. The research proves that macapat from the beginning of its existence, the fourteenth century AD, until now used in social life, among others, as entertainment, aesthetics, education, staging traditional, means of correspondence, humming a friend works, spells repellent reinforcements, ceremonial gathering temanten Javanese tradition, ceremony Pangestu activities, and philosophy of the life cycle. On the basis of the social function of the society, it makes macapat as a literary work that is so vital in human life as a spectacle, guidance, and order.

Literary-artistic compositions, first of all, have an aesthetic function but when the same are used in the teaching they as well fulfill the cognitive function. The best “angle of view” of one literary-artistic composition in the teaching is through the balanced relation of “dolce” and “utile”. The instructiveness of literary-artistic compositions in the teaching is not ultimate and should not be considered as a task that is to be performed. For the purpose of realization of these basic functions of literary-artistic compositions envisaged in the teaching, the main precondition is their appropriate selection pursuant to the age of the reading audience (the students).

What the public gets to see of museums is in the exhibitions in which their holdings are presented; beyond the archival functions of conservation, categorization, and restoration, this presentation is at the heart of museums as cultural institutions. Until a few decades ago, exhibitions were predictable in format and structure. Visitors attended monographic and period exhibitions to be instructed and to enjoy themselves according to the old adage of utile dulci. Every exhibition was an episode in a traditional conception of the management of art's relation to the public. Curators were also conservators; they studied, preserved, and categorized art objects and presented a selection of these according to the knowledge acquired. The space in which the objects were presented was kept as neutral as possible, so as not to disturb the viewer.

Acinar cells of exocrine glands are highly specialized for producing, storing, and discharging secretory proteins for use on surfaces that represent interfaces between the organism and the surrounding environment. These functions are achieved through the secretory pathway that includes a series of functionally distinct intracellular compartments — the endoplasmic reticulum, subcompartments of the Golgi complex, and the secretion granule in which exportable macromolecules are stored at high concentrations. Most secretion occurs by granule exocytosis in response to external hormonal or neural stimuli. Although these processes have been traced in a variety of morphological and biochemical studies, very Utile is known about the mechanisms involved in facilitating and maintaining secretory storage, orchestrating discharge at the apical cell surface, and in ensuring conservation and re-internalization of the granule membrane. Recent studies initiated on cell fractions obtained from the rat parotid gland have provided significant insight into the protein storage conditions that prevail in the granule interior and the components of the granule membrane that are likely to be involved in general secretory function such as exocytosis.

Basophils are rare granulocytes and dysregulated functions of these cells are associated with several atopic and non-atopic allergic diseases of skin, respiratory system and gastrointestinal tract. Both cytokines and immunoglobulin E (IgE) are implicated in mediating the basophil activation and pathogenesis of these disorders. Several reports have shown that healthy individuals, and patients with allergic disorders display IgG autoantibodies to IgE and hence functional characterization of these anti-IgE IgG autoantibodies is critical. In general, anti-IgE IgG autoantibodies modulate basophil activation irrespective of allergen specificity by interacting with constant domains of IgE. Therefore, an ideal solution to prove the functions of such anti-IgE IgG autoantibodies would be to completely eliminate type I high affinity immunoglobulin E receptor (FcɛRI)-bound IgE from the surface of basophils and to demonstrate in an unequivocal manner the role of anti-IgE IgG autoantibodies. In line with previous reports, our data show that FcɛRI on peripheral blood basophils are almost saturated with IgE. Further, acetic acid buffer (pH 4) efficiently removes these FcɛRI-bound IgE. Although immediately following acetic acid-elution of IgE had no repercussion on the viability of basophils, following 24 h culture with interleukin-3 (IL-3), the viability and yield of basophils were drastically reduced in acid-treated cells and had repercussion on the induction of activation markers. Lactic acid treatment on the other hand though had no adverse effects on the viability of basophils and IL-3-induced activation, it removed only a small fraction of the cell surface bound IgE. Thus, our results show that acid buffers could be used for the elution of FcɛRI-bound IgE on the basophil surface for the biochemical characterization of IgE antibodies or for the immediate use of basophils to determine their sensitivity to undergo degranulation by specific allergens. However, these methods are not utile for the functional assays of basophils that require longer duration of culture and entire removal of surface IgE to validate the role of anti-IgE IgG autoantibodies that interact with FcɛRI-bound IgE irrespective of allergen specificity.

Abstrak - Dalam pandangan umum sebuah nilai terwadahi dalam kerangka kebudayaan masyarakat, karena kebudayaan merupakan salah satu sistem nilai. Di tataran filsafat dan kebudayaan, Sutan Takdir Alisyahbana dan Ki Hajar Dewantara mengenalkan rasa kebangsaan itu melalui proses kristalisasi konsep budaya bangsa. Dalam pengembangan budaya bangsa harus berlandaskan pada nilai-nilai sosial bangsa yang selama ini telah berperan besar dalam memajukan bangsa Indonesia. Karya sastra menjadi sarana untuk menyampaikan pesan tentang kebenaran, tentang apa yang baik dan yang buruk. Karya sastra seharusnya memberi manfaat positif bagi pembaca. Kandungan nilai yang tersimpan dalam karya sastra harus digali agar sampai kepada pembaca. Karya-karya sastra yang memberikan nilai-nilai sebagaimana fungsi sastra utile memberikan kegunaan kepada pembaca. Penerapan nilai-nilai tersebut akan berkontribusi pada pembentukan karakter individu maupun masyarakat yang akan mampu meretas nilai-nilai inti yang luhur sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pilot pembentukan budaya bangsa secara nasional. Dalam hal ini, karya sastra sangat mendukung pembentukan karakter sesorang yang disebabkan oleh alur kisahnya. Karakter Tokoh Utama yang terdapat dalam novel Surga Yang Tak Dirindukan, berdasarkan hasil analisis terdiri dari enam karakter tokoh utama. Adapaun karakter tokoh utamadalam novel Surga Yang Tak Dirindukan, yaitu: (a) Religius. (b) Peduli Lingkungan. (c)Kreatif. (d) Toleransi. (e) Tanggung Jawab. (f) Kerja Keras. Abstract - In general view a value is embodied within the framework of the culture of society, because culture is one of the value system. At the level of philosophy and culture, Sutan Takdir Alisyahbana and Ki Hajar Dewantara introduce the sense of nationality through the process of crystallizing the nation's cultural concept. In the development of the nation's culture must be based on the social values of the nation that has been playing a major role in advancing the nation of Indonesia. Literary works are a means to convey the message of truth, about what is good and what is bad. Literary works should have positive benefits for the reader. The content of the value stored in the literary works must be extracted to reach the reader. Literary works that provide values as well as utility literary functions provide usefulness to the reader. Implementation of these values will contribute to the formation of individual characters and communities that will be able to pave the core values of the noble so that it can be used as a pilot of national culture formation nationally. In this case, literary works strongly support the formation of one's character caused by the plot of the story. The character of the main character in the novel of the Unwanted Heaven, based on the analysis result consists of six characters of the main character. The characters of the main characters in the novel of Heaven Not Missed, namely: (a) Religious. (b) Care for the Environment. (c) Creative. (d) Tolerance. (e) Responsibility. (f) Hard Work.

International audience We develop a method for counting words subject to various restrictions by finding a combinatorial interpretation for a product of formal sums of Laguerre polynomials. We use this method to find the generating function for $k$-ary words avoiding any vincular pattern that has only ones. We also give generating functions for $k$-ary words cyclically avoiding vincular patterns with only ones whose runs of ones between dashes are all of equal length, as well as the analogous results for compositions. Nous développons une méthode pour compter des mots satisfaisants certaines restrictions en établissant une interprétation combinatoire utile d’un produit de sommes formelles de polynômes de Laguerre. Nous utilisons cette méthode pour trouver la série génératrice pour les mots $k$-aires évitant les motifs vinculars consistant uniquement de uns. Nous présentons en suite les séries génératrices pour les mots $k$-aires évitant de façon cyclique les motifs vinculars consistant uniquement de uns et dont chaque série de uns entre deux tirets est de la même longueur. Nous présentons aussi les résultats analogues pour les compositions.

Abstract Background Wild edible plants (WEPs) are non-cultivated and non-domesticated plants used for food. WEPs provided food, nutrition, herbs and other plant products for people in underdeveloped areas, such as the Everest region, to maintain their daily lives. Chenthang Town is the only Sherpa ethnic township in Tibet, China. The core purpose of this research is to investigate, collect and record the WEPs and related local knowledge and functions within the Sherpa community. The ultimate goal is to answer the question of why Sherpa people choose these particular plants. Materials and methods The field study was carried out in the six Sherpa communities of Chenthang Township from September 2019 to August 2020. The WEPs and related local knowledge were collected through semistructured interviews and direct observations. The field work was performed with the assistance of local guides. During the field survey, we collected plant specimens based on the principle of one plant with one vernacular name. In this study, we utilised a use report (UR) and cultural importance index (CI) to evaluate the comprehensive utilization value of WEPs in the daily diet of Sherpa people. Results We interviewed 78 people individually who provided us with 1199 use reports. In total, we collected 84 WEPs belonging to 65 genera in 41 families. These species were identified as 78 distinct ethno-species by local people, and the vernacular name of each ethno-species was recorded. Then, these use reports were classified into six use categories. All these plants were native wild plants. In these plants, Arisaema utile, Sorbus cuspidata and Elaeagnus umbellata have been introduced into home gardens by local people. Following the description of the Sherpa people, we articulated a collection calendar for WEPs. The Sherpa collect WEPs throughout nearly the entire year, January and February being the exceptions. Conclusion The collection calendar of wild edible plants reflects the wisdom of the Sherpa in terms of survival. The Sherpa cleverly survive the food shortage periods by harnessing the phenology of different species. In general, WEPs can provide the Sherpa with seasonal carbohydrates, nutrition, healthcare supplements and other products and services necessary for survival, which is likely why the Sherpa choose these plants.

Executive functions impact everyday functioning. An individual’s ability to adapt to and navigate their physical and social environments is largely determined by the ability to organize oneself, to plan and to coordinate activities. Despite the wide variety of cognitive tests that assess various aspects of executive function, there has been little work to validate the use of these measures in predicting real world functioning (Sbordone, Seyranian, & Ruff, 2000), particularly in children where characterization of executive function is less specified. Evaluating the ecological validity of neuropsychological tests has become an increasingly important topic over the past decade (Chaytor & Schmitter- Edgecombe, 2003). Ecologically valid assessments of executive function and attentional deficits provide insight into deficits related to the child’s everyday adaptive functioning, which can assist in identifying targets for interventions. Although many performance based measures and caregiver behavior checklists exist for assessing a wide range of behaviors and adaptive functioning skills in children, comprehensive measures of executive functions are relatively new and largely unexplored. The purpose of this study was to investigate and to define better the relationship between attention and corresponding behaviors that represent executive functions and social/adaptive functioning. More specifically, this study sought to explore the correlation between ratings of varying subcomponents of attention (e.g., selective attention, sustained attention, and attentional control/switching), executive function behaviors, and ratings of social/adaptive functioning. Additionally, gender considerations were examined with aims to determine how this factor may affect the degree of relationship between the proposed variables.  Results of multiple regression and correlational analyses revealed the ability of child attentional performance to predict executive function and social/adaptive functioning behaviors. As parent/caregiver and teacher ratings of executive function behaviors increased thus noting adept skills in these areas of functioning child performance on measures of selective attention, sustained attention, and attentional control/shifting were also reported to improve. Future research should continue to explore the construct validity, positive predictive power, negative predictive power, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Test of Everyday Attention for Children (TEA-Ch).