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Journal articles on the topic 'UV-photochemical reactor'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Luo, Minghan, Wenjie Xu, and Taeseop Jeong. "Development and numerical modelling of a novel UV/H2O2 rotating flow reactor for water treatment." Water Science and Technology 83, no. 5 (2021): 1217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.063.

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Abstract The ultraviolet photochemical degradation process is widely applied in wastewater treatment due to its low cost, high efficiency and sustainability. In this study, a novel rotating flow reactor was developed for UV-initiated photochemical reactions. The reactor was run in a continuous flow mode, and the tangential installation of the inlet and outlet on the annular reactor improved reaction rates. Numerical modelling, which combined solute transport, radiation transfer and photochemical kinetic degradation processes, was conducted to evaluate improvement compared to current reactor de

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2

Griebenow, Nils, Stefan Bräse, and Alica M. Dilmac. "Application of a novel small scale UV LED photochemical batch reactor for the thiol-yne reaction." RSC Advances 5, no. 67 (2015): 54301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra08787b.

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Zou, Zhirong, Fujian Xu, Yunfei Tian, Xiaoming Jiang, and Xiandeng Hou. "A miniaturized UV-LED photochemical vapor generator for atomic fluorescence spectrometric determination of trace selenium." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 33, no. 7 (2018): 1217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ja00052b.

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4

Karpel Vel Leitner, N., E. Le Bras, E. Foucault, and J. L. Bousgarbiès. "A new photochemical reactor design for the treatment of absorbing solutions." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 4 (1997): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0122.

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The recent developments in the field of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) require improvements in reactor design. Indeed, light-induced procedures cannot be used for the removal of micropollutants in strong absorbing solutions. In this work, the technical design concept for mixing in a cylindrical reactor has been approached in a rational way for the treatment of compounds in highly absorbing solutions. The new photochemical reactor perfected in our laboratory consists of an annular reactor with one UV lamp in axial position. However, this reactor differs from classical ones since the rotatio

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Luo, Minghan, Fan Zeng, Taeseop Jeong, Gongde Wu, and Qingqing Guan. "CFD Modeling of UV/H2O2 Process in Internal Airlift Circulating Photoreactor." Water 12, no. 11 (2020): 3237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113237.

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UV chemical degradation is a low-cost and sustainable wastewater treatment technology that protects the environment. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), mass transfer, and photochemical kinetic models combined with the continuous flow mode of UV/H2O2 were applied for the photochemical reaction of internal airlift circulation photocatalytic reactor to improve the efficiency of the reaction. Results show that with the increase in gas flow rate, the turbulence intensity and internal circulation effect of liquid in the reactor can be enhanced under the condition of constant baffle s

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Fortunato, Milene A. G., Chi-Phong Ly, Filipa Siopa, and Carlos A. M. Afonso. "Process Intensification for the Synthesis of 6-Allyl-6-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-en-2-ol from 1-Allylpyridinium Salt Using a Continuous UV-Light Photoflow Approach." Methods and Protocols 2, no. 3 (2019): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mps2030067.

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A new home-made UV photochemical reactor (95 cm of irradiation zone) consisting of a 12 parallel quartz tubes flow reactor, PQT6 (95 cm under irradiation and an internal diameter of 0.6 cm) was assembled to perform photochemical transformations in continuous-flow. PQT6 was evaluated for the photoreaction of 1-allylpyridinium bromide (1a) to 6-allyl-6-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-en-2-ol (2a), in a continuous process. This technology provides reduced reaction times, continuous production of 2a, and a productivity of 129 mg h−1, corresponding to 1.94 g of isolated 2a after 15 h of irradiation.

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Mukhopadhyay, Mausumi, and Dhiraj P. Daswat. "Photochemical degradation of 4-chlorophenol in the aqueous phase using peroxyacetic acid (PAA)." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 2 (2013): 440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.591.

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The photochemical degradation of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) using ultraviolet irradiation (UV) of 6, 12 and 18 W with peroxyacetic acid (PAA) was studied in a batch reactor. The objective of this work was to investigate degradation and mineralization of 4-CP by PAA. The degradation efficiency increased with increasing UV input. The degradation process was also pH and initial PAA concentration dependent. The optimum conditions for the photochemical degradation of 4-CP as UV input, pH and PAA concentration was found to be 18 W, 9.5 and 3,040 ppm. The reaction efficiency decreased with increasing init

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Moreira, Ailton Jose, Thales Martins Silva, and Gian Paulo Giovanni Freschi. "Caracterização de reator fotoquímico para aplicações em processos oxidativos avançados." Acta Brasiliensis 3, no. 3 (2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.22571/2526-4338240.

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This study broadens the understanding of photochemical processes by calculating the quantum efficiency of the Hg-MDEL lamp and discusses the environmental application of this lamp model in advanced oxidative processes. This set of information is relevant to broaden the application of Hg-MDEL in various environmental studies. Thus, a photochemical reactor composed of a microwave-fired mercury-free mercury (Hg-MDEL) lamp (MW) was evaluated from KI/KIO3 actinometric studies. The emission spectra were characterized along the UV-A, UV-B, UV-C and visible regions by means of a spectroradiometer, dis

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Petrova, Angelina, Olga Tchaikovskaja, and Inna Plotnikova. "Photodegradation of Methylene Green in the Presence of Polypropylene Microfiber Material." Key Engineering Materials 781 (September 2018): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.781.200.

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Degradation of toxicants in photocatalytic reactor is studied. To an array of data on the photochemical properties of Methylene Green (MG) when exposed to UV radiation in photoreactors was obtained. Based on the analysis of the results obtained, conclusions can be drawn about the relationship between the structure of pollutants, their initial concentration, oxidizer concentration, etc., with the efficiency of utilization, and schemes for photochemical processes was constructed. The role of polypropylene microfiber materials (PMM) in the degradation of MG under UV irradiation was studied.

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10

Fu, J., J. Huang, Z. Liu, Q. F. Zeng, S. Q. An, and H. L. Zhu. "Comparative study of degradation of 4-chlorophenol by ultraviolet irradiation/sodium hypochlorite and ultraviolet irradiation/ozonation." Water Supply 9, no. 5 (2009): 601–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2009.490.

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The photochemical oxidation of 4-chlorophenol solutions by ultraviolet irradiation/sodium hypochlorite (UV/NaClO) and ultraviolet irradiation/ozonation (UV/O3) respectively was studied in a pilot scale photochemical reactor. The degradation efficiency of UV/NaClO was lower than that of UV/O3. The final UV absorption removals of the two processes were approximately 80% and approximately 90% respectively. During the two processes, dihydroxylated chlorophenols were the main intermediates. And pH values decreased with the oxidation being carried on. However, the UV/NaClO process was incomplete and

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Beltrán, F. J., M. González, F. J. Rivas, and J. Jaramillo. "Application of photochemical reactor models to UV irradiation of trichloroethylene in water." Chemosphere 31, no. 3 (1995): 2873–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(95)00151-w.

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12

Muret, C., M. F. Pouet, E. Touraud, and O. Thomas. "From UV spectra to degradability of industrial wastewater/definition and use of a “shape factor”." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 5-6 (2000): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0494.

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The measurement of global parameters such as TOC or specific compounds as phenol is not sufficient for the characterization of high loaded industrial wastewater. A previous study dealing with a treatability test based on the use of a photochemical reactor and the UV spectrophotometric control of the experiment has shown the interest of this alternative procedure for the biodegradability estimation of samples. Starting from a simple typology of wastewater based on the structure of UV spectra, a factor called “Shape Factor”, or SF, ratio of second derivative value at a maximal wavelength on the

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Kowalska, E., M. Janczarek, J. Hupka, and M. Grynkiewicz. "H2O2/UV enhanced degradation of pesticides in wastewater." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 4 (2004): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0279.

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Photodegradation of organic pesticides in industrial wastewater was examined in a UV/H2O2/air system. An experimentally determined optimal amount of hydrogen peroxide (0.008% v/v) indicates that hydrogen peroxide concentration controlled the efficiency of photodegradation. Pre-treatment operations such as sedimentation, filtration and coagulation were used to obtain better efficiency of pesticide removal and to cut down on irradiation time. Finally, scale-up experiments in the air-sparged hydrocyclone (ASH) reactor were carried out. After 5 min irradiation of 100 dm3 industrial wastewater almo

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Longan, Emery, Melissa Knutsen, James Shinkle, and Renee J. Chosed. "Adapting a Photochemical Reactor to the Study of UV Ecology in Vineyard Yeast." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 68, no. 4 (2017): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2017.16110.

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15

Grimes, Susan M., and Helen C. Ngwang. "Methodology for Studying Oxidation of Organic Species in Solution." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 83, no. 3 (2000): 584–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/83.3.584.

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Abstract A photoreactor was developed to study products of photochemical oxidation in a wide range of organic compounds. Analysis of the products from the reactor were used to determine the extent of mineralization of the organic material, to characterize any intermediate compounds formed, and to obtain information on the decomposition mechanism. Appropriate methods for separation and characterization include LC, UV spectrophotometry, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, total organic carbon, and total inorganic carbon. The uses of the reactor are described for the photocatalytic decompositio

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Blatchley, Ernest R., Chengyue Shen, Zorana Naunovic, et al. "Dyed Microspheres for Quantification of UV Dose Distributions: Photochemical Reactor Characterization by Lagrangian Actinometry." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2005, no. 1 (2005): 271–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864705783978122.

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17

Alibegic, Dzevo, Satoshi Tsuneda, and Akira Hirata. "Oxidation of Tetrachloroethylene in a Bubble Column Photochemical Reactor Applying the UV/H2O2 Technique." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 81, no. 3-4 (2008): 733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450810353.

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Blatchley, Ernest R., Chengyue Shen, Zorana Naunovic, et al. "Dyed Microspheres for Quantification of UV Dose Distributions: Photochemical Reactor Characterization by Lagrangian Actinometry." Journal of Environmental Engineering 132, no. 11 (2006): 1390–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2006)132:11(1390).

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19

Sriprom, Pongsert, Sutthiwan Prothanatt, Arthit Neramittagapong, and Sutasinee Neramittagapong. "Parameter Screening for the Important Factors Influencing the Aniline Removal by Photocatalysis over Supported Zinc Oxide Catalyst." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.37.

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Aniline was removed by photocatalysis reaction using zinc oxide (ZnO, ZnO/Al2O3 and ZnO/SiO2) as catalysts. The oxidation reactions were carried out in a batch reactor. The experiment was designed by Pleckett-Burman Full Factorial Design (FFD) for screening test. The FFD was used to factors screening of 3 factors: wt% of ZnO, catalyst loading and UV light source on aniline removal. The equation model for factors screening was well fitted to the experiment data, which was observed by R2 coefficient of 0.95. The results show that wt% of ZnO and catalysts loading were the significant effects. The

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Hunter, Richard, Sam Josland, Joseph Moore, Duncan Guthrie, Mark J. Robertson, and Michael Oelgemöller. "Rapid Photochemical Reaction Studies under Continuous-flow Conditions in the Vapourtec UV-150 Reactor - A Technical Note." Current Organic Chemistry 22, no. 25 (2019): 2501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272822666181109103342.

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Lee, Joon Jae, Jeong Kwon Suh, Ji Sook Hong, Jung Min Lee, and Jin Won Park. "Physicochemical Characteristics of ZnS Immobilized on Spherical Activated Carbon for Removing HA(Humic Acid)." Materials Science Forum 569 (January 2008): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.569.37.

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In this study, spherical activated carbons contained ZnS(Zn-SPAC) were successfully prepared through carbonization/activation processes. Strong acid ion exchange resin as starting material of Zn-SPAC was treated by 0.01 N zinc solution. Ion exchange treatment was performed from one time to three times for controling zinc content. The ion exchanged resins was activated under N2/H2O-vapor atmosphere at 900 °C for 0.5 hr following by carbonization treatment at 700 °C under N2 atmosphere. The Zn-SPAC samples were measured physicochemical characteristics such as X-ray patterns, SEM image, energy di

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22

Ferrari, Carlo, H. Chen, R. Lavezza, C. Santinelli, I. Longo, and E. Bramanti. "Photodegradation of Rhodamine B Using the Microwave/UV/H2O2: Effect of Temperature." International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/854857.

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The oxidative decoloration of Rhodamine B (RhB) was performed in a photochemical reactor which enables microwave (MW) and UV radiation to be applied simultaneously. We used an immersed microwave source, with no need for an oven. Controlling the temperature, MW power, and UV emission of the reactor all led to a greater overall control of the process. Due to the action of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, the decoloration of RhB was followed online using a spectrograph. Complete decoloration occurred in four minutes, and 92% of mineralisation was obtained in 70 minutes. The experiments were per

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23

Luo, Minghan, Wenjie Xu, Xiaorong Kang, Keqiang Ding, and Taeseop Jeong. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Rotating Annular VUV/UV Photoreactor for Water Treatment." Processes 9, no. 1 (2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9010079.

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The ultraviolet photochemical degradation process is widely recognized as a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and sustainable technology for water treatment. This study integrated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and a photoreactive kinetic model to investigate the effects of flow characteristics on the contaminant degradation performance of a rotating annular photoreactor with a vacuum-UV (VUV)/UV process performed in continuous flow mode. The results demonstrated that the introduced fluid remained in intensive rotational movement inside the reactor for a wide range of inflow rates, and t

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Elliott, Luke D., Malcolm Berry, Bashir Harji, David Klauber, John Leonard, and Kevin I. Booker-Milburn. "A Small-Footprint, High-Capacity Flow Reactor for UV Photochemical Synthesis on the Kilogram Scale." Organic Process Research & Development 20, no. 10 (2016): 1806–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00277.

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Elliott, L. D., J. P. Knowles, C. S. Stacey, D. J. Klauber, and K. I. Booker-Milburn. "Using batch reactor results to calculate optimal flow rates for the scale-up of UV photochemical reactions." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 3, no. 1 (2018): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7re00193b.

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A simple method for the accurate calculation of optimal flow rates for photochemical reactions from optimized batch results is described and demonstrated in the scale-up of three challenging examples.

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Mota, André L. N., Osvaldo Chiavone-Filho, Syllos S. da Silva, Edson L. Foletto, José E. F. Moraes, and Cláudio A. O. Nascimento. "Application of artificial neural network for modeling of phenol mineralization by photo-Fenton process using a multi-lamp reactor." Water Science and Technology 69, no. 4 (2013): 768–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.731.

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An artificial neural network (ANN) was implemented for modeling phenol mineralization in aqueous solution using the photo-Fenton process. The experiments were conducted in a photochemical multi-lamp reactor equipped with twelve fluorescent black light lamps (40 W each) irradiating UV light. A three-layer neural network was optimized in order to model the behavior of the process. The concentrations of ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide, and the reaction time were introduced as inputs of the network and the efficiency of phenol mineralization was expressed in terms of dissolved organic carbon (D

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Rosales, Benito Serrano, Jesus Moreira del Rio, Jesus Fabricio Guayaquil, and Hugo de Lasa. "Photodegradation Efficiencies in a Photo-CREC Water-II Reactor Using Several TiO2 Based Catalysts." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 14, no. 3 (2016): 685–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2016-0024.

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Abstract This study reports phenol degradation using several TiO2 photocatalysts (DP25, Anatase 1, Hombikat UV-100, Anatase 2) in a Photo-CREC Water-II Reactor. The physicochemical properties of the photocatalysts used, such as crystallinity, superficial area, and pore size distribution are reported. Reactor efficiencies are calculated using both Quantum Yields (QYs) and Photochemical and Thermodynamic Efficiency Factors (PTEFs). This is accomplished using phenol and phenol intermediate photoconversion rates. This allows the determination of hydroxyl radical consumption rates, at every step of

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Meena, Kamod Singh, and Kanta Meena. "Characteristics of textile waste water of Bhilwara (Rajasthan) and its photocatalytic bleaching with SnO2 catalyst." Holistic approach to environment 11, no. 1 (2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33765/thate.11.1.2.

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During the last decade, Bhilwara has developed into a leading place in the textile industry in India. The water used in textile industry is almost entirely discharged as waste. The effluents are very complex, containing salt, surfactants, ionic metals and their metal complexes, toxic organic chemicals, biocides, and toxic anions, which are harmful to both flora and fauna existing on our planet. Degradation of these non-biodegradable organic compounds is not possible by conventional treatment processes. The analysis of waste water with different quality parameters and photocatalytic bleaching w

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Liu, Yangxian, and Jun Zhang. "Removal of NO from flue gas using UV/S2O82− process in a novel photochemical impinging stream reactor." AIChE Journal 63, no. 7 (2017): 2968–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.15633.

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Ilinsky, Roman, and Andrey Ulyanov. "Fluence Rate in UV Photoreactor for Disinfection of Water: Isotropically Radiating Cylinder." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/310720.

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The calculation of fluence rate in the photochemical reactor using ultraviolet (UV) radiation for disinfection of water for the case, when a cylinder of infinite length is used as a light source, has been considered. Such a cylinder is filled with an isotropically radiating medium. The dependence of the fluent rate on the diameter of the radiating cylinder has been analytically analyzed. The limiting case when the diameter of the radiating cylinder tends to zero has been considered and the notion of “effective interval” has been introduced. Based on this notion, the comparison of fluence rates

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Chinelatto, Monique Rosolem, Larissa Franciane Greve, Ronaldo Teixeira Pelegrini, and Núbia Natália De Brito. "Tratamento Fotoquímico de Percolado de Aterro Sanitário Visando Reuso na Agricultura." Eclética Química Journal 40, no. 1 (2015): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.26850/1678-4618eqj.v40.1.2015.p141-154.

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In the present work, it was studied the treatment of sanitary landfill leachate seeking to evaluate it reuse potential in the agriculture. For the treatment, it was chosen the photochemical process based on the action of ultraviolet radiation (UV) on H2O2. The treatment was accomplished in a reactor of borosilicate glass with volume capacity of 2.5 liters, with temperature control through refrigeration to the water and internal system for control of leachate recirculation flow. The optimized experimental conditions happened to the temperature of 45°C, recirculation flow 400 mL min-1, H2O2 volu

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Walker, Brett D., Steven R. Beaupré, Sheila Griffin, and Ellen R. M. Druffel. "UV Photochemical Oxidation and Extraction of Marine Dissolved Organic Carbon at UC Irvine: Status, Surprises, and Methodological Recommendations." Radiocarbon 61, no. 5 (2019): 1603–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2019.9.

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ABSTRACTThe first ultraviolet photochemical oxidation (UVox) extraction method for marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as CO2 gas was established by Armstrong and co-workers in 1966. Subsequent refinement of the UVox technique has co-evolved with the need for high-precision isotopic (Δ14C, δ13C) analysis and smaller sample size requirements for accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) measurements. The UVox line at UC Irvine was established in 2004 and the system reaction kinetics and efficiency for isolating seawater DOC rigorously tested for quantitative isolation of ∼1 mg C for

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Macedo de Oliveira, Richard, and Daniel L. G. Borges. "UV photochemical vapor generation of noble metals (Au, Ir, Pd, Pt and Rh): a feasibility study using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and seawater as a test matrix." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 33, no. 10 (2018): 1700–1706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ja00179k.

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Khataee, A. R., M. N. Pons, and O. Zahraa. "Photocatalytic decolorisation and mineralisation of orange dyes on immobilised titanium dioxide nanoparticles." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 5 (2010): 1112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.438.

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In this paper the photocatalytic decolorisation and mineralisation of three orange dyes (AO10, AO12 and AO8) in neutral, alkaline and hydrolysed solutions under UV light irradiation in the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles has been compared. The investigated photocatalyst was Millennium PC-500 TiO2 (crystallites mean size 5–10 nm) immobilised on non-woven paper. All the experiments were performed in a circulation photochemical reactor equipped with a 15 W UV lamp emitting around 365 nm. Results indicated that complete decolorisation of 250 mL pure dye solutions with initial dye concentration of 3

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Cela, R., M. Lores, and C. M. Garcia. "Applicability of a postcolumn photochemical reactor in the high-performance liquid chromatography of 34 polyphenolic compounds with UV detection." Journal of Chromatography A 626, no. 1 (1992): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(92)85335-q.

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Zhang, Lianfeng, and William A. Anderson. "Kinetic analysis of the photochemical decomposition of gas-phase chlorobenzene in a UV reactor: Quantum yield and photonic efficiency." Chemical Engineering Journal 218 (February 2013): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.12.004.

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Palmisano, Giovanni, Vittorio Loddo, and Vincenzo Augugliaro. "Two-Dimensional Modeling of an Externally Irradiated Slurry Photoreactor." International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering 11, no. 2 (2013): 675–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijcre-2012-0049.

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Abstract A batch cylindrical photocatalytic reactor, externally irradiated by 1–6 UV fluorescent lamps and containing a stirred slurry of polycrystalline TiO2, was modeled by coupling a modified Langmuir–Hinshelwood kinetics together with a two-dimensional light intensity field. The radiation field has been determined on the main assumptions of diffuse radiation, isotropic scattering and negligible backward reflected photon flow. The model has been applied to the photocatalytic oxidation of organic substrates which do not undergo homogeneous photochemical degradation. The model is characterize

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Maragos, C. "Photolysis of cyclopiazonic acid to fluorescent products." World Mycotoxin Journal 2, no. 1 (2009): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2008.1088.

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Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) is a mycotoxin produced by some of the same species of fungi that produce the more widely known aflatoxins. As a consequence it has been found previously that CPA and the aflatoxins may co-occur in commodities under certain conditions. CPA, which is a substituted indole, has a chromophore with absorptions in the ultraviolet (UV) region (223 nm, 278 nm). Quantification of CPA is commonly accomplished by liquid chromatographic separation followed by detection of one of the UV absorbances. CPA has not previously been described as fluorescent, and it likely is not. However

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Sprehe, M., S. U. Geißen, and A. Vogelpohl. "Photochemical oxidation of iodized X-ray contrast media (XRC) in hospital wastewater." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 5 (2001): 317–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0315.

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Iodized X-ray contrast media (XRC) for medical applications are responsible for the high concentration of AOX (halogenated organic compounds adsorbable on activated carbon) in hospital wastewater exceeding the legal German discharge limit. The refractory properties of these substances lead to an accumulation in the natural waterbody. The elimination of contrast media from hospital wastewater by photochemical oxidation with hydrogen peroxide was investigated. The mechanism and the kinetics of the degradation of XRC were examined. These experiments demonstrate that a complete removal of the orga

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Giri, R. R., H. Ozaki, T. Okada, S. Takikita, S. Taniguchi, and R. Takanami. "Water matrix effect on UV photodegradation of perfluorooctanoic acid." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 10 (2011): 1980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.825.

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The widespread detection of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the water environment has been a concern for the last several years, while effluents from wastewater treatment facilities are the major sources of these compounds. Even advanced oxidation technologies (AOTs) are not useful for mineralization of the compounds due to their very high stability. Photochemical techniques using particularly vacuum UV (VUV) have been found to be very promising in this regard. But the use of VUV in UV-based AOTs has still not progressed much. Moreover, the impact of water quality on PFCs photomineralizatio

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Ferrari, Carlo, Iginio Longo, Elpidio Tombari, and Emilia Bramanti. "A novel microwave photochemical reactor for the oxidative decomposition of Acid Orange 7 azo dye by MW/UV/H2O2 process." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 204, no. 2-3 (2009): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2009.03.001.

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Gao, Hong-Jie, Chun-Li Kang, Yong-Hui Song, Ping Guo, Xing-Hua Lang, and Fei Peng. "Comparison of the photoconversion of para-chlorophenol under simulated sunlight and UV irradiation in ice." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 4 (2011): 841–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.620.

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The photochemistry of para-chlorophenol (4-CP) was studied under simulated sunlight (λ &gt; 300 nm) and UV irradiation by using a 125 W high-pressure mercury lamp with or without a hard glass as light source in an ice matrix. The experiments were carried out in a photochemical cold chamber reactor at −14 to −12 °C. The photoconversion rate, photoproducts and photoconversion mechanism of 4-CP were all inspected and compared. The results show that the 4-CP photoconversion obeys the first order kinetic model and its photoconversion rate is highly affected by the initial concentration of 4-CP,

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Liu, P. F., N. Abdelmalki, H. M. Hung, Y. Wang, W. H. Brune, and S. T. Martin. "Ultraviolet and visible complex refractive indices of secondary organic material produced by photooxidation of the aromatic compounds toluene and <i>m</i>-Xylene." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 14 (2014): 20585–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-20585-2014.

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Abstract. Secondary organic material (SOM) produced by the oxidation of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds is light-absorbing (i.e., brown carbon). Spectral data of the optical properties, however, are scarce. The present study obtained the continuous spectra of the real and imaginary refractive indices (m = n − i k) in the ultraviolet (UV)-visible region using spectroscopic ellipsometry for n and UV-visible spectrometry for k. Several different types of SOM were produced in an oxidation flow reactor by photooxidation of toluene and m-xylene for variable concentrations of nitrogen oxides

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Liu, P. F., N. Abdelmalki, H. M. Hung, Y. Wang, W. H. Brune, and S. T. Martin. "Ultraviolet and visible complex refractive indices of secondary organic material produced by photooxidation of the aromatic compounds toluene and <i>m</i>-xylene." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 3 (2015): 1435–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1435-2015.

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Abstract. Secondary organic material (SOM) produced by the oxidation of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds can be light-absorbing (i.e., brown carbon). Spectral data of the optical properties, however, are scarce. The present study obtained the continuous spectra of the real and imaginary refractive indices (m = n-i k) in the ultraviolet (UV)-to-visible region using spectroscopic ellipsometry for n and UV–visible spectrometry for k. Several different types of SOM were produced in an oxidation flow reactor by photooxidation of toluene and m-xylene for variable concentrations of nitrogen o

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Li, Chunlin, Quanfu He, Julian Schade, et al. "Dynamic changes in optical and chemical properties of tar ball aerosols by atmospheric photochemical aging." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 1 (2019): 139–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-139-2019.

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Abstract. Following wood pyrolysis, tar ball aerosols were laboratory generated from wood tar separated into polar and nonpolar phases. Chemical information of fresh tar balls was obtained from a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and single-particle laser desorption/resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization mass spectrometry (SP-LD-REMPI-MS). Their continuous refractive index (RI) between 365 and 425 nm was retrieved using a broadband cavity enhanced spectroscopy (BBCES). Dynamic changes in the optical and chemical properties for the nonpolar tar ball aeroso

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Peng, Zhe, Julia Lee-Taylor, John J. Orlando, Geoffrey S. Tyndall, and Jose L. Jimenez. "Organic peroxy radical chemistry in oxidation flow reactors and environmental chambers and their atmospheric relevance." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 2 (2019): 813–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-813-2019.

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Abstract. Oxidation flow reactors (OFRs) are a promising complement to environmental chambers for investigating atmospheric oxidation processes and secondary aerosol formation. However, questions have been raised about how representative the chemistry within OFRs is of that in the troposphere. We investigate the fates of organic peroxy radicals (RO2), which play a central role in atmospheric organic chemistry, in OFRs and environmental chambers by chemical kinetic modeling and compare to a variety of ambient conditions to help define a range of atmospherically relevant OFR operating conditions

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Literathy, P., G. Morel, and A. Al-Bloushi. "Environmental Transformation, Photolysis of Fluorescing Petroleum Compounds in Marine Waters." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 1-3 (1991): 507–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0450.

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A great variety of fluorescing compounds - mainly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which are of concern in environmental and public health risk assessment due to their carcinogenic properties - exists as a complex mixture in petroleum, which makes their separation and identification difficult, if not impossible. Ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence spectroscopy offers a relatively simple way to characterize and quantify these compounds in environmental samples. PAHs are known to be sensitive to photochemical reactions rather than to biological oxidation. Several studies carried out with pure P

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Galica, Tomasz, Julia Bąkowicz, Piotr Broda, and Ilona Turowska-Tyrk. "Monitoring photo-induced transformations in crystals of 2,6-difluorocinnamic acid under ambient conditions." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 72, no. 7 (2016): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229616010019.

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Several conditions need to be fulfilled for a photochemical reaction to proceed in crystals. Some of these conditions, for example, geometrical conditions, depend on the particular type of photochemical reaction, but the rest are common for all reactions. The mutual directionality of two neighbouring molecules determines the kind of product obtained. The influence of temperature on the probability of a photochemical reaction occurring varies for different types of photochemical reaction and different compounds. High pressure imposed on crystals also has a big influence on the free space and th

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Yu, Zechen, and Myoseon Jang. "Simulation of heterogeneous photooxidation of SO<sub>2</sub> and NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> in the presence of Gobi Desert dust particles under ambient sunlight." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 19 (2018): 14609–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-14609-2018.

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Abstract. To improve the simulation of the heterogeneous oxidation of SO2 and NOx in the presence of authentic mineral dust particles under ambient environmental conditions, the explicit kinetic mechanisms were constructed in the Atmospheric Mineral Aerosol Reaction (AMAR) model. The formation of sulfate and nitrate was divided into three phases: the gas phase, the non-dust aqueous phase, and the dust phase. In particular, AMAR established the mechanistic role of dust chemical characteristics (e.g., photoactivation, hygroscopicity, and buffering capacity) in heterogeneous chemistry. The photoa

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Li, Rui, Wenmin Pang, Liming Tian, and Kangming Nie. "Photochemical control of microphase structure in biocompatible polyester membranes generated by ultraviolet irradiation." Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 15, no. 4 (2016): 517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5pp00181a.

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The semi-IPN morphology of biocompatible polyester membranes is affected by the dynamic factors of the UV photochemical reaction. A novel pathway for photochemical control of the morphology was provided for biomedical materials.

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