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Journal articles on the topic 'Vaccine effectiveness'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Pálinkás, Anita, and János Sándor. "Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccination in Preventing All-Cause Mortality among Adults during the Third Wave of the Epidemic in Hungary: Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study." Vaccines 10, no. 7 (2022): 1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071009.

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Our investigation aimed to describe the all-cause mortality rates by COVID-19 vaccination groups in Hungary for an epidemic period (1 April 2021–20 June 2021) and a nonepidemic period (21 June 2021–15 August 2021), and to determine the vaccines’ effectiveness in preventing all-cause mortality utilizing nonepidemic effectiveness measures to adjust for the healthy vaccinee effect (HVE). Sociodemographic status, comorbidity, primary care structural characteristics, and HVE-adjusted survival difference between fully vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts in the epidemic period had been computed by Co

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2

Zhang, Yihan. "Development, effectiveness, and future directions of HPV vaccines." Theoretical and Natural Science 67, no. 1 (2024): 17–21. https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-8818/2024.18021.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines used to prevent sexually transmitted diseases caused by HPV. HPV infection is the leading causation that causing the cervical cancer. Specifically, high-risk-type, for instance, HPV-16 and HPV-18, are also connected with some other cancers. This article summarizes the development mechanism, availability, clinical trials, and problems faced by HPV vaccines. Currently, there were three approved HPV vaccines, including bivalent vaccine, quadrivalent vaccine, and nine-valent vaccine, which can prevent different types of HPV infection. The widely uti

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Helena De Oliveira, Lucia, Barbara Jauregui, Ana Flavia Carvalho, and Norberto Giglio. "Impact and effectiveness of meningococcal vaccines: a review." Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública 41 (December 20, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2017.158.

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Objectives.To summarize and critically evaluate the evidence on the impact and effectiveness of meningococcal vaccination programs around the world in order to inform decisionmaking in Latin America and the Caribbean.Methods.A review of the literature was conducted following several components of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed Central® was searched for papers published in any language from January 1999 – March 2017.Results.In all, 32 studies were included, most of which evaluated the meningococcal C conjugate vaccine. Fourteen studies

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Nouf, Khalid Binnujayfan Ayat Essam Shaban Mohammed Fayez Mohammed Alshehri Marwan Abdulmalik Altalhi Abdullah Mohammed Aljumah Ramzi Ali H. Arishi Fahad Ahmed Ali Alkanfari Njood Mohammed Siddiq Albangali Eidah Mohammed Al Ahmari Wed Ziyad Alnajjar Rawan Mohammad AlMuhanna Nourah Abdullah Alshahrani. "EFFECTIVENESS OF FLU SHOT VACCINE." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 06, no. 01 (2019): 1902–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2548755.

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<strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong><em> Influenza is responsible for serious illness, especially in elderly. It has short term morbidity as well as long term morbidity and mortality during the acute infection, recovery could be long and sometimes incomplete. This could lead to persistent decrease in health and function, involving catastrophic disability, which has acute complications on the well-being and support needs of older adults and their caregivers. This means that prevention of infection and effective management when illness has occurred are of great importance.</em> <em>This sets

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Lau, Chin Shern, and Tar Choon Aw. "Considerations in Understanding Vaccine Effectiveness." Vaccines 11, no. 1 (2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010020.

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Although vaccine effectiveness reports are essential to assessing policies on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, several factors can affect our interpretation of the results. These include the waning of antibodies, the prevailing viral variants at the time of the study, and COVID-19 disease prevalence in the population. Disease prevalence significantly impacts absolute risk reduction and could skew expected efficacy when increased disease prevalence inflates the absolute risk reduction in the face of a constant relative risk reduction. These factors must be considered in the interpretation of vaccine eff

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Fly, Mary. "Vaccine Effectiveness." Brain & Life 17, no. 2 (2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nnn.0000742788.44428.40.

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Stöckli, Sabrina, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, et al. "Which vaccine attributes foster vaccine uptake? A cross-country conjoint experiment." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (2022): e0266003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266003.

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Why do people prefer one particular COVID-19 vaccine over another? We conducted a pre-registered conjoint experiment (n = 5,432) in France, Germany, and Sweden in which respondents rated the favorability of and chose between pairs of hypothetical COVID-19 vaccines. Differences in effectiveness and the prevalence of side-effects had the largest effects on vaccine preferences. Factors with smaller effects include country of origin (respondents are less favorable to vaccines of Chinese and Russian origin), and vaccine technology (respondents exhibited a small preference for hypothetical mRNA vacc

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Bansal, Devendra, Jazeel Abdulmajeed, Maha H. M. A. Al-Shamali, et al. "Duration of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness against Severe Disease." Vaccines 10, no. 7 (2022): 1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071036.

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Waning immunity following administration of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines remains a concern for many health systems. We undertook a study to determine if recent reports of waning for severe disease could have been attributed to design-related bias by conducting a study only among those detected with a first SARS-CoV-2 infection. We used a matched case-control study design with the study base being all individuals with first infection with SARS-CoV-2 reported in the State of Qatar between 1 January 2021 and 20 February 2022. Cases were those detected with first SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring int

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Rajaram, Sankarasubramanian, Constantina Boikos, Daniele K. Gelone, and Ashesh Gandhi. "Influenza vaccines: the potential benefits of cell-culture isolation and manufacturing." Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy 8 (January 2020): 251513552090812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515135520908121.

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Influenza continues to cause severe illness in millions and deaths in hundreds of thousands annually. Vaccines are used to prevent influenza outbreaks, however, the influenza virus mutates and annual vaccination is required for optimal protection. Vaccine effectiveness is also affected by other potential factors such as the human immune system, a mismatch with the chosen candidate virus, and egg adaptation associated with egg-based vaccine production. This article reviews the influenza vaccine development process and describes the implications of the changes to the cell-culture process and vac

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Diogo José Horst and Charles Adriano Duvoisin. "The doubtful effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 2 (2021): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.2.0132.

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A COVID-19 pandemic has erupted around the world. World Health Organization (WHO) and allies are racing to create and deploy safe and effective vaccines as they work together to monitor the pandemic, advise on crucial measures, and distribute essential medical resources to those in need. Vaccines save millions of lives, by training the body's natural defenses, the immune system, to identify and combat the viruses and bacteria they are intended to combat. This review article presents the status of COVID-19 vaccines evaluated by the WHO Emergency Use Listing (EUL) assessment process and those li

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Diogo, José Horst, and Adriano Duvoisin Charles. "The doubtful effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 2 (2021): 151–57. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5018178.

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A COVID-19 pandemic has erupted around the world. World Health Organization (WHO) and allies are racing to create and deploy safe and effective vaccines as they work together to monitor the pandemic, advise on crucial measures, and distribute essential medical resources to those in need. Vaccines save millions of lives, by training the body's natural defenses, the immune system, to identify and combat the viruses and bacteria they are intended to combat. This review article presents the status of COVID-19 vaccines evaluated by the WHO Emergency Use Listing (EUL) assessment process and thos

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12

Kamolratanakul, Supitcha, and Punnee Pitisuttithum. "Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Efficacy and Effectiveness against Cancer." Vaccines 9, no. 12 (2021): 1413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121413.

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection, with 15 HPV types related to cervical, anal, oropharyngeal, penile, vulvar, and vaginal cancers. However, cervical cancer remains one of the most common cancers in women, especially in developing countries. Three HPV vaccines have been licensed: bivalent (Cervarix, GSK, Rixensart, Belgium), quadrivalent (Merck, Sharp & Dome (Merck & Co, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA)), and nonavalent (Merck, Sharp & Dome (Merck & Co, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA)). The current HPV vaccine recommendations apply to 9 years

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Clemente-Suárez, Vicente Javier, Laura Redondo-Flórez, Alvaro Bustamante-Sánchez, Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez, Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda, and Jose Francisco Tornero-Aguilera. "Biometric Strategies to Improve Vaccine Immunogenicity and Effectiveness." Biomimetics 10, no. 7 (2025): 439. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics10070439.

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Background: Vaccines have revolutionized disease prevention, yet their effectiveness is challenged by variable immunogenicity, individual response differences, and emerging variants. Biomimetic strategies, inspired by natural immune processes, offer new avenues to enhance vaccine performance. Objectives: This narrative review examines how bioinspired approaches—grounded in evolutionary medicine, immunology, and host–microbiota interactions—can improve vaccine immunogenicity and long-term protection. We further examine the evolutionary foundations of immune responses, highlighting how an evolut

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Lu, Jia, Xiaosa Wen, Qi Guo, et al. "Sensitivity to COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness and Safety in Shanghai, China." Vaccines 9, no. 5 (2021): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050472.

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Several COVID-19 vaccines have been on the market since early 2021 and may vary in their effectiveness and safety. This study characterizes hesitancy about accepting COVID-19 vaccines among parents in Shanghai, China, and identifies how sensitive they are to changes in vaccine safety and effectiveness profiles. Schools in each township of Minhang District, Shanghai, were sampled, and parents in the WeChat group of each school were asked to participate in this cross-sectional Internet-based survey. Parents responded to questions about hesitancy and were given information about five different CO

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15

Izurieta, Hector S., Yoganand Chillarige, Jeffrey Kelman, et al. "Relative Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines Among the United States Elderly, 2018–2019." Journal of Infectious Diseases 222, no. 2 (2020): 278–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa080.

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Abstract Background Studies among individuals ages ≥65 years have found a moderately higher relative vaccine effectiveness (RVE) for the high-dose (HD) influenza vaccine compared with standard-dose (SD) products for most seasons. Studies during the A(H3N2)-dominated 2017–2018 season showed slightly higher RVE for the cell-cultured vaccine compared with SD egg-based vaccines. We investigated the RVE of influenza vaccines among Medicare beneficiaries ages ≥65 years during the 2018–2019 season. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study using inverse probability of treatment weighting and Poiss

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Belongia, Edward A., and Huong Q. McLean. "Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness: Defining the H3N2 Problem." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, no. 10 (2019): 1817–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz411.

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Abstract Observational studies have consistently shown that influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) is lower for H3N2 relative to H1N1pdm09 and type B, and this is not entirely explained by antigenic match. The triad of virus, vaccine, and host immunity provides a framework to examine contributing factors. Antigenic evolution facilitates H3N2 immune escape, and increasing glycosylation of the hemagglutinin shields antigenic sites from antibody binding. Egg passage adaptation of vaccine viruses generates mutations that alter glycosylation, impair the neutralizing antibody response, and reduce VE.

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Tangganah, Abraham. "Effectiveness of New Vaccines in Addressing Virus Mutated Variants: Clinical and Epidemiological Review." Mandalika Journal of Medical and Health Studies 2, no. 2 (2025): 79–87. https://doi.org/10.59613/mjmh.v2i2.218.

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The rapid mutation of viruses poses significant challenges to global public health, particularly in the development and effectiveness of vaccines. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of newly developed vaccines in addressing mutated virus variants through a qualitative approach using a literature review and library research methodology. By analyzing peer-reviewed journal articles, clinical trial data, and epidemiological reports, this study evaluates the adaptability and immunogenic response of novel vaccines against emerging viral mutations. The findings indicate that while many new v

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Felgendreff, Lisa, Felix G. Rebitschek, Mattis Geiger, Parichehr Shamsrizi, Mirjam A. Jenny, and Cornelia Betsch. "Explaining the Mechanism Behind mRNA Vaccines Influences Perceived Vaccine Effectiveness but not Vaccination Intentions." European Journal of Health Communication 5, no. 1 (2024): 21–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47368/ejhc.2024.102.

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Vaccine effectiveness and safety concerns can prevent people from receiving their first Covid-19 vaccines or boosters. Understanding the vaccine mechanism may lead people to perceive vaccine effectiveness appropriately. This study tested whether helping people understand the vaccine’s mechanism could improve their perceived vaccine safety and effectiveness. In a preregistered study, N = 1,548 unvaccinated or non-boosted participants were randomly presented with one of three communication formats: a fact box (a benefit-risk profile in tabular format; control condition), an expository text (i.e.

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Baum, Ulrike, Sangita Kulathinal, Kari Auranen, and Hanna Nohynek. "Effectiveness of 2 Influenza Vaccines in Nationwide Cohorts of Finnish 2-Year-Old Children in the Seasons 2015–2016 Through 2017–2018." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 8 (2020): e255-e261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciaa050.

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Abstract Background From 2015–2016 through 2017–2018, injectable, trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV3) and a nasal spray, tetravalent live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV4) were used in parallel in Finland. To understand how well vaccination with each vaccine type protected children against influenza under real-life conditions, vaccine effectiveness in 2-year-olds was estimated for all 3 seasons. Methods Each season, a nationwide register-based cohort study was conducted. The study population comprised 60 088, 60 860, and 60 345 children in 2015–2016, 2016–2017, and 2017–2018, re

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Song, Katerina Rok, Jacqueline Kyungah Lim, Se Eun Park, et al. "Oral Cholera Vaccine Efficacy and Effectiveness." Vaccines 9, no. 12 (2021): 1482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121482.

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Although measuring vaccine efficacy through the conventional phase III study design, randomized, double-blinded controlled trial serves as the “gold standard”, effectiveness studies, conducted in the context of a public health program, seek to broaden the understanding of the impact of a vaccine in a real world setting including both individual and population level impacts. Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Since the 1980s, either killed or live oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) have been developed and e

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Marra, Yasmin, and Fawziah Lalji. "Prevention of Herpes Zoster: A Focus on the Effectiveness and Safety of Herpes Zoster Vaccines." Viruses 14, no. 12 (2022): 2667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122667.

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Infection with varicella zoster virus typically occurs in children and it can cause primary varicella infection or “chickenpox”, or it can reactivate later in life and cause herpes zoster or “shingles”. Herpes zoster mainly occurs in older adults, causing a reduction in activities of daily living, impacting quality of life, and may lead to serious complications, including chronic pain. Two vaccines are marketed to prevent herpes zoster: the live zoster vaccine and the non-live, recombinant zoster vaccine. The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be betw

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Ferdinands, Jill M., Manish M. Patel, Ivo M. Foppa, and Alicia M. Fry. "Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, no. 1 (2018): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy1084.

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Imai, Natsuko, Alexandra B. Hogan, Lucy Williams, et al. "Interpreting estimates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine efficacy and effectiveness to inform simulation studies of vaccine impact: a systematic review." Wellcome Open Research 6 (July 19, 2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16992.1.

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Background: The multiple efficacious vaccines authorised for emergency use worldwide represent the first preventative intervention against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that does not rely on social distancing measures. The speed at which data are emerging and the heterogeneities in study design, target populations, and implementation make it challenging to interpret and assess the likely impact of vaccine campaigns on local epidemics. We reviewed available vaccine efficacy and effectiveness studies to generate working estimates that can be used to parameterise simulation studies of vacci

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Kaufman, Jessica, Isabella Overmars, James Fong, et al. "Training health workers and community influencers to be Vaccine Champions: a mixed-methods RE-AIM evaluation." BMJ Global Health 9, no. 9 (2024): e015433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2024-015433.

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IntroductionIncreasing trust and confidence in vaccines is a global priority, as countries have grappled with delivering COVID-19 vaccines, maintaining routine childhood vaccination rates and introducing new vaccines. Community-based vaccine promotion interventions are commonly implemented, but effectiveness evidence is limited. In 2022, supported by the Australian Government and in partnership with Fiji’s Ministry of Health and UNICEF, we codesigned, delivered and comprehensively evaluated a vaccine education and communication training programme for health workers and community influencers to

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Turabian, Jose Luis. "Relative and Temporal Efficacy of the First and Second Covid 19 Booster Vaccine (3rd And 4th Dose) to Prevent Symptomatic Infection from December 2021 to October 2023 in a General Medicine Office in Toledo (Spain)." Journal of Health Care and Research 5, no. 1 (2024): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36502/2024/hcr.6234.

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Background: The effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing serious infection and death is established, but their protection against infection is less certain. Additionally, their effectiveness diminishes over time. Furthermore, the evolution of the effectiveness of different booster doses of the vaccine against COVID-19, to prevent symptomatic infection in real life during the pandemic and the subsequent endemic, is not clearly documented. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the 3rd and 4th vaccine boosters against COVID-19 in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 infection during both

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Costantino, Claudio, Alessandra Casuccio, and Vincenzo Restivo. "Vaccination and Vaccine Effectiveness: A Commentary of Special Issue Editors." Vaccines 8, no. 3 (2020): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030545.

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The Special Issue “Vaccination and Vaccine Effectiveness”, published in the journal Vaccines, has the main aim to increase international literature data on vaccine effectiveness and safety and on vaccination strategies in order to reduce vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination coverage rates. The main topics included in the call for papers were vaccines administered to infants, adolescents, adults, elderly people, at-risk populations (due to comorbidities and personal risk factors) and healthcare workers and strategies adopted to promote vaccination adherence among these categories. This Spe

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Nsanzimana, Sabin, Alind Gupta, Jean Paul Uwizihiwe, et al. "The Need for a Practical Approach to Evaluate the Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines for Low- and Middle-Income Countries." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 105, no. 3 (2021): 561–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.21-0482.

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ABSTRACT. The global demand for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines currently far outweighs the available global supply and manufacturing capacity. As a result, securing doses of vaccines for low- and middle-income countries has been challenging, particularly for African countries. Clinical trial investigation for COVID-19 vaccines has been rare in Africa, with the only randomized clinical trials (RCTs) for COVID-19 vaccines having been conducted in South Africa. In addition to addressing the current inequities in the vaccine roll-out for low- and middle-income countries, there is a n

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Knight-Jones, T. J. D., K. Edmond, S. Gubbins, and D. J. Paton. "Veterinary and human vaccine evaluation methods." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 281, no. 1784 (2014): 20132839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2839.

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Despite the universal importance of vaccines, approaches to human and veterinary vaccine evaluation differ markedly. For human vaccines, vaccine efficacy is the proportion of vaccinated individuals protected by the vaccine against a defined outcome under ideal conditions, whereas for veterinary vaccines the term is used for a range of measures of vaccine protection. The evaluation of vaccine effectiveness , vaccine protection assessed under routine programme conditions, is largely limited to human vaccines. Challenge studies under controlled conditions and sero-conversion studies are widely us

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Tan, Shyn Yi, Prawira Oka, and Ngiap Chuan Tan. "Intention to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in Adolescents: A Systematic Review." Vaccines 11, no. 8 (2023): 1393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081393.

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Background: Multiple COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for use in adolescents; these vaccines play a critical role in limiting the transmission and impact of COVID-19. This systematic review aims to summarize the willingness of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years to receive the COVID-19 vaccination and the factors influencing their decision. Methods: A search of literature published between January 2018 and August 2022 was performed in Medline©, EMBASE©. and CINAHL© electronic databases. Studies published in English that assessed adolescents’ intentions to receive the COVID-19 vaccine were incl

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Rockman, Steven, Karen Laurie, Chi Ong, et al. "Cell-Based Manufacturing Technology Increases Antigenic Match of Influenza Vaccine and Results in Improved Effectiveness." Vaccines 11, no. 1 (2022): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010052.

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To ensure that vaccination offers the best protection against an infectious disease, sequence identity between the vaccine and the circulating strain is paramount. During replication of nucleic acid, random mutations occur due to the level of polymerase fidelity. In traditional influenza vaccine manufacture, vaccine viruses are propagated in fertilized chicken eggs, which can result in egg-adaptive mutations in the antigen-encoding genes. Whilst this improves infection and replication in eggs, mutations may reduce the effectiveness of egg-based influenza vaccines against circulating human viru

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Tomaszewski, Tre, Alex Morales, Ismini Lourentzou, et al. "Identifying False Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Information and Corresponding Risk Perceptions From Twitter: Advanced Predictive Models." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 9 (2021): e30451. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/30451.

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Background The vaccination uptake rates of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine remain low despite the fact that the effectiveness of HPV vaccines has been established for more than a decade. Vaccine hesitancy is in part due to false information about HPV vaccines on social media. Combating false HPV vaccine information is a reasonable step to addressing vaccine hesitancy. Objective Given the substantial harm of false HPV vaccine information, there is an urgent need to identify false social media messages before it goes viral. The goal of the study is to develop a systematic and generalizabl

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Sharma, Saksham, Deepthi Chintala, Anchit Chauhan, Tanisha Suvarna, and Puneeth Reddy. "Efficacy and uptake of trivalent vaccines amid the B/Yamagata extinction: a narrative review." InterConf, no. 53(232) (January 20, 2025): 228–43. https://doi.org/10.51582/interconf.19-20.01.2025.026.

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Background. Influenza remains a significant public health challenge, causing millions of illnesses and thousands of deaths annually. Seasonal influenza vaccines have evolved from trivalent formulations to quadrivalent vaccines, providing broader protection against influenza B lineages. However, the absence of B/Yamagata circulation since 2020 has prompted a return to trivalent vaccines for the 2024–2025 flu season. Objectives. This review examines the impact of the shift to trivalent vaccines on influenza prevention efforts and vaccine uptake, focusing on effectiveness, logistical benefits, an

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Cates, Jordan, Avnika Amin, Jacqueline Tate, Ben Lopman, and Umesh D. Parashar. "1170. Do Rotavirus Strains Affect Vaccine Effectiveness? A Systematic Review And Meta-analysis." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (2021): S676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.1363.

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Abstract Background Rotavirus causes 215,000 deaths from severe childhood diarrhea annually. Two rotavirus vaccines – a monovalent vaccine containing a single rotavirus strain (RV1) and a pentavalent vaccine containing 5 rotavirus strains (RV5) – are used in routine immunization programs of nearly 100 countries. Concerns exist that rotavirus vaccines may be less effective against rotavirus strains not contained in the vaccines which could subsequently cause selective pressure and strain replacement. We estimated the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of RV1 and RV5 against vaccine (homotypic) and non-

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Erofeeva, M. K., Zh V. Buzitskaya, E. V. Shakhlanskaya, M. M. Pisareva, M. A. Stukova, and D. A. Lioznov. "Evaluation of the preventive effectiveness of russian influenza vaccines in the epidemic seasons of 2018-2021." Russian Journal of Immunology 27, no. 4 (2024): 1021–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-16731-eot.

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Monitoring the effectiveness of influenza vaccines annually enables the development of measures aimed at decreasing influenza incidence, hospitalization, and mortality rates. The epidemiological effectiveness of several Russian domestic influenza vaccines was evaluated in St. Petersburg in the 2018-2021 epidemic seasons. Male and female participants (N = 6912) aged 18-23 were monitored from 2018 to 2021. Sovigripp, Grippol Plus, Ultrix, and Ultrix Quadri inactivated influenza vaccines were used for immunization. In 2018-2019, when the vaccine strains fully matched the circulating influenza vir

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Osadolor, Owens O., Obehi O. Osadolor, Aisosa J. Osadolor, and Azuka P. Ekpeti. "Effectiveness of Vaccines and Barriers Against Effective Cold Chain Systems." Mediscope 10, no. 1 (2023): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mediscope.v10i1.65411.

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Vaccination is often considered a cost-effective strategy for the prevention and control of most infectious diseases or vaccine-preventable diseases. Poverty, ignorance, cultural belief and practices, locality of residence, level of awareness on vaccine safety and lack of access to health care facilities are among the obstacles to vaccination leading to low vaccine coverage. Low vaccine coverage among young children across remote and rural areas, slums and riverine areas is not a reflection of the health and social-related Sustainable Development Goals. Poor handling of vaccines has been ident

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Veljkovic, Veljko, Vladimir Perovic, and Slobodan Paessler. "Prediction of the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine candidates." F1000Research 9 (May 14, 2020): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.23865.1.

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A safe and effective vaccine is urgently needed to bring the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic under control. The spike protein (SP) of SARS-CoV-2 represents the principal target for most vaccines currently under development. This protein is highly conserved indicating that vaccine based on this antigen will be efficient against all currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains. The present analysis of SP suggests that mutation D614G could significantly decrease the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine through modulation of the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and its principal receptor ACE2.

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Nugroho, Setiyo Adi, and Indra Nur Hidayat. "Efektivitas Dan Keamanan Vaksin Covid-19 : Studi Refrensi." Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional 9, no. 2 (2021): 61–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.33650/jkp.v9i2.2767.

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Various strategies and development of the Covid-19 vaccine have been carried out for the control of the Covid-19 pandemic. Various vaccines have undergone clinical trials with promising results in various countries. The effectiveness and safety and short- and long-term side effects of vaccines are a major concern in clinical trials in these strategies and developments. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness and safety of the Covid-19 vaccine so that it can inform and increase public confidence in the Covid-19 vaccine through a reference study approach. Method: The

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González-Sánchez, Óscar A., Daniel Zaldívar, Erik Cuevas, and L. Javier González-Ortiz. "Mathematical Optimization Strategy for Effectiveness Profile Estimation in Two-Dose Vaccines and Its Use in Designing Improved Vaccination Strategies Focused on Pandemic Containment." Vaccines 12, no. 1 (2024): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12010081.

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Since late 2019, most efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic have focused on developing vaccines. By mid-2020, some vaccines fulfilled international regulations for their application. However, these vaccines have shown a decline in effectiveness several weeks after the last dose, highlighting the need to optimize vaccine administration due to supply chain limitations. While methods exist to prioritize population groups for vaccination, there is a lack of research on how to optimally define the time between doses when two-dose vaccines are administrated to such groups. Under such conditions,

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Liu, Chuyao, Aiyun Lu, and Xiaoyu Wu. "COVID-19 Vaccine Comparison: How to Choose the Best Suiting Vaccine for Different Needs." E3S Web of Conferences 292 (2021): 03080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129203080.

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Varied measurements have been developed to solve the COVID-19 pandemic, and one of the best ways is vaccines. This paper aims to compare different kinds of vaccines and help people or countries to choose the best suitable vaccine needs based on their different needs. It provides a broader and more detailed analysis of variant vaccines on different levels. In the sequence of technology maturity, inactivated vaccines including CoronaVac, BBIBP-CorV vaccine, and WIBP-CorV vaccine, viral-based vector vaccines including AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine and Johnson & Johnson’s COVID-19 vaccine, and

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O’Leary, Sean T., Yvonne A. Maldonado, and David W. Kimberlin. "Update from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices." Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 9, no. 1 (2020): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaa008.

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Abstract The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a group of medical and public health experts, meets 3 times per year to develop recommendations for vaccine use in the United States. There are usually 15 voting members; members’ terms are for 4 years. ACIP members and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention staff discuss the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine research, effectiveness, safety data, and results from clinical trials. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics (Y. A. M., D. W. K.) and the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (

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Baiyzbekova, D. A. "OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT SITUATION ON SEASONAL INFLUENZA VACCINES." Biosafety and Biotechnology, no. 18 (October 15, 2023): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.58318/2957-5702-2024-18-75-93.

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Influenza virus infection causes seasonal epidemics and periodic pandemics, resulting in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination is the most important tool for the prevention of influenza, while annual renewal of the composition of the vaccine is required due to the constant variability of the influenza virus. Epidemiological surveillance of the virus plays an important role in the better selection of candidate viruses for vaccines and early detection of drug-resistant strains.This work presents an overview of current vaccine options and existing vaccine candidate developments. Tod

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Bijukchhe, Sanjeev M., Peter J. O'Reilly, Katherine Theiss-Nyland, et al. "COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness and variants in Nepal: study protocol for a test-negative case–control study with SARS-CoV-2 genetic sequencing." BMJ Open 13, no. 4 (2023): e068334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068334.

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IntroductionInactivated, viral vector and mRNA vaccines have been used in the Nepali COVID-19 vaccination programme but there is little evidence on the effectiveness of these vaccines in this setting. The aim of this study is to describe COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in Nepal and provide information on infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants.Methods and analysisThis is a hospital-based, prospective test-negative case–control study conducted at Patan Hospital, Kathmandu. All patients >18 years of age presenting to Patan Hospital with COVID-19-like symptoms who have received a COVID-19 antigen/P

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Erofeeva, M. K., M. A. Stukova, E. V. Shakhlanskaya, et al. "Evaluation of the Preventive Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines in the Epidemic Season 2019–2020 in St. Petersburg." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 20, no. 5 (2021): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-5-52-60-52-60.

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Background. The vaccine is the best available instrument to prevent influenza and reduce the risks of major disease complications and mortality. The vaccine effectiveness during the influenza season depends on a number of factors: (1) a person vaccinated (their age and health status); (2) the vaccine formulation; (3) types and subtypes of the circulating viruses; (4) vaccination timeline, as the immune response fades over time. An influenza vaccine can yield different effectiveness in people who have been infected or vaccinated previously and in those who have not been yet exposed to the circu

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Trombetta, Claudia Maria, Otfried Kistner, Emanuele Montomoli, Simonetta Viviani, and Serena Marchi. "Influenza Viruses and Vaccines: The Role of Vaccine Effectiveness Studies for Evaluation of the Benefits of Influenza Vaccines." Vaccines 10, no. 5 (2022): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10050714.

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Influenza is a vaccine preventable disease and vaccination remains the most effective method of controlling the morbidity and mortality of seasonal influenza, especially with respect to risk groups. To date, three types of influenza vaccines have been licensed: inactivated, live-attenuated, and recombinant haemagglutinin vaccines. Effectiveness studies allow an assessment of the positive effects of influenza vaccines in the field. The effectiveness of current influenza is suboptimal, being estimated as 40% to 60% when the vaccines strains are antigenically well-matched with the circulating vir

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Aty, Yoany M. V. B., Pius Selasa, Marselina Bende Molina, Rohana Mochsen, Nantiya Pupuh, and Panyada Cholsakhon. "Public Trust in the Effectiveness of the Covid-19 Vaccine in Liliba Village, Oebobo District, Kupang City." JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN 20, no. 1 (2022): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31965/infokes.vol20.iss1.588.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has continued to develop in Indonesia since the beginning of 2020. The incidence and death rates continue to increase from day to day. Various efforts were made to stop the spread of the deadly Covid-19. One way to prevent and suppress the spread of infection with the virus is to vaccinate. The role of the vaccine is to provide immunity. Many people in the city of Kupang do not believe in the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccine, so they do not want to be vaccinated. The objective of this study is to describe the level of public confidence in the effectiveness of the Cov

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Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Parham Habibzadeh, and Mahboobeh Yadollahie. "On Measuring Vaccine Effectiveness with Observational Study Designs." Acta Medica Academica 51, no. 2 (2022): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/ama2006-124.383.

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<p>Herein, we present a bird’s eye view of common observational study designs utilized for measurement of vaccine effectiveness. Assessing vaccines effectiveness is an integral part of vaccine research, particularly for the newly developed vaccines. A cohort study is prospective, directing from an exposure to one or more outcomes. The design is the best method to ascertain the attack rate of an infectious disease. A traditional case-control study is retrospective, directing from a given outcome to one or more exposures. The design cannot provide the relative risk, but it can provide the

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Vijayalakshmi, S., K. Manivannane, and N. Malarvizhi. "Efficacy of Vaccine and Administration of Vaccine for all the Individuals against SARS-CoV-19 and the Variants." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 9, no. 2 (2021): 148–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v9i2.4384.

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The efficacy of different designed drug for SARS-CoV-2 has been much of debate from the approval and till date after roll out. The data released from WHO, CDC, PHE and ICMR is used to analysis and compare the effectiveness of the UK and Indian made vaccine. The mentioned vaccine differs in raw material and fall under different category in preparation. The immune response of various vaccines over the mutant strains was assessed from the data of public domain. Attempt was made to correlate the effectiveness, mechanism of triggering antibodies and age factor for vaccination based on the vaccine t

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Wei, Yuchen, Katherine Min Jia, Shi Zhao, et al. "Estimation of Vaccine Effectiveness of CoronaVac and BNT162b2 Against Severe Outcomes Over Time Among Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Omicron." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 2 (2023): e2254777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.54777.

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ImportanceFew studies have evaluated the waning of vaccine effectiveness against severe outcomes caused by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection. Hong Kong is providing inactivated and mRNA vaccines, but the population had limited protection from natural infections before the Omicron variant emerged.ObjectiveTo examine the change in vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization and mortality due to the Omicron variant over time.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case-control study included adults with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infection who died or were hospitalized in Hong Kong from January 1 to J

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Prunas, Ottavia, Joshua L. Warren, Forrest W. Crawford, et al. "Vaccination with BNT162b2 reduces transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to household contacts in Israel." Science 375, no. 6585 (2022): 1151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abl4292.

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The effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19 on the individual level is well established. However, few studies have examined vaccine effectiveness against transmission. We used a chain binomial model to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination with BNT162b2 [Pfizer-BioNTech messenger RNA (mRNA)-based vaccine] against household transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Israel before and after emergence of the B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant. Vaccination reduced susceptibility to infection by 89.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 88.7 to 90.0%], whereas vaccine

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Berild, Jacob Dag, Brita Askeland Winje, Didrik Frimann Vestrheim, et al. "A Systematic Review of Studies Published between 2016 and 2019 on the Effectiveness and Efficacy of Pneumococcal Vaccination on Pneumonia and Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in an Elderly Population." Pathogens 9, no. 4 (2020): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9040259.

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Adult vaccination is high on the agenda in many countries. Two different vaccines are available for the prevention of pneumococcal disease in adults: a 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23), and a 13-valent conjugated vaccine (PCV13). The objective of this review is to update the evidence base for vaccine efficacy and effectiveness of PPV23 and PCV13 against invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia among an unselected elderly population. We systematically searched for clinical trials and observational studies published between January 1 2016 and April 17 2019 in Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl, W

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