Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vagues – Modèles mathématiques'
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Thais, Laurent. "Contribution à l'étude du mouvement turbulent sous des vagues de surface cisaillées par le vent." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT094H.
Full textGonzato, Jean-Christophe. "Modélisation des scènes océaniques." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10639.
Full textDuclos, Gaëlle. "Etude et amélioration des performances hydrodynamiques d'une digue partielle." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2014.
Full textPile supported breakwaters are constituted of a free surface piercing solid caisson (of various shapes) mounted on concrete piles. They can be used in areas where water depth is too large to build conventional breakwaters, but they are partially permeable to the incoming ocean waves. Both experimental and numerical studies are carried out an existing half submerged breakwater in order to analyse its behavior and improve its hydrodynamic performances
Ndoumbe, Samuel. "Étude de la zone d'apparition des vagues à l'interface du film annulaire tombant." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL582N.
Full textKasakova, Maria. "Modèles dispersifs de propagation de vagues : problèmes numériques et modélisation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30130.
Full textWater waves propagation is a complex physical process. The direct numerical simulation using Navier-Stokes/Euler equations is a time-consuming and mathematically complicated solution. A good description of large-scale phenomena can be obtained by using relatively simple approximate models. However, if we are interested in a precise description of wave profiles, advanced modelling approaches are required. Once the model is derived, it needs to be solved numerically, and one faces another kind of challenges related to numerical simulations. The first part of the present thesis is devoted to the modelling of surface and internal ocean waves propagation, including dispersive effect and dynamics of the vorticity. In the framework of shallow water hypothesis, two models are derived. Both models involve additional equations for the vorticity evolution. To include the internal waves propagation, first, we consider a system of two immiscible fluids with constant densities. It represents a simple model of the ocean where the upper layer corresponds to the (thin) layer of fluid above the thermocline whereas the lower layer is under the thermocline. The second model includes a surf zone phenomenon. Shearing and turbulence effects in breaking waves are taken into account by a vorticity generation. Both models are governed by dispersive systems and reduce to a classical Green-Naghdi model in the case of vanishing vorticity. Additionally, an algorithm for the numerical resolution of the second model is proposed, and the validation by experimental results is performed. When dispersive/non-hydrostatic effects are taken into account, this usually leads to more accurate models of wave propagation like Green-Naghdi equations, or the two models derived in the first part, for example. The counterpart is that such a type of models requires advanced numerical techniques. In particular, one of the main issues is to define boundary conditions allowing the simulation of wave propagation in infinite physical space but on bounded numerical domains. In the second part of the present research, we focus on a definition of such boundary conditions for the Green-Naghdi equations. Artificial boundary conditions are first proposed for the linearised system. Then we address a hyperbolic system recently proposed to approximate the Green-Naghdi equations. A relatively simple structure of this new hyperbolic system allows for successful applications of Perfect Matched Layer (PML) techniques in order to deal with artificial numerical boundaries. Numerical tests are performed to validate the proposed approaches. In result, we have a correct description of numerical boundaries for non-linear cases. We have shown that the PML equations can be applied to the nonlinear system. Both approaches are then reformulated to solve the problem of injecting propagating waves in a computational domain
Filipot, Jean-François. "Paramétrage du déferlement et modélisation spectrale des états de mer." Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES2021.
Full textAlthough breaking is the most important energy sink term for wind-generated waves, the underlying physical processes are the least understood. The work presented in this thesis s aimed at unifying the wave breaking induced dissipation from deep to shallow water through the development of a novel parameterization designed for spectral wave models. The first result of this work is a parameterization of the breaking probability enabling to discriminate among the wave scales present within a given wave field and applicable from the deep ocean to the surf zone. This parameterization was used as the basis of a new spectral source term for the wave breaking induced-dissipation. This source function is based on the parameterization of three basics physical quantities: the breaking probability, the dissipation rate per unit crest length and the crest length density per unit area. The results of the validation performed at global scale and at beach scale suggest that it is possible to represent the wave breaking induced dissipation by a single formulation. We shall besides discuss a study of the breaking directionality and the impact of the presence of long waves on the breaking of short waves. Both effects may as well have important on the breaking dissipation parameterization
Lafon, Christine. "Étude des conditions de déferlement en zone côtière méditerranéenne." Toulon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUL0013.
Full textThe ocean surface is a permanent location of exchanges between ocean and atmosphere, mostly in breaking area. This requires studies of sea state, defined by the wave field properties and the surface resulting of its breaking. The aim of this study was to understand the pro cesses occurring at the interface in coastal zone, to better understand the parameters that control them, and ta introduce a whitecap model in a wave numerical model. This work is essentially based on results obtained during two experimental campaigns that took place in NIediterranean coastal areas (FETCH and EMMA). The waves analysis conduct to determine a specific relation between non dimensional parameters (significant height and peak frequency) following the classical formalism JONSWAP. Study of wind stress at the interface presents an influence of wind speed and f wave age. Results on waves and wind stress show a reasonable agrement with models found n literature. We show that the whitecap coverage depends on classical meteorological parameters (such as wind speed and friction velocity) but also on oceanic parameters (such M wave ge and dimensionless energy). Friction velocity weil represents variations of breaking in coMtal zone when it is measured and not obtained from wind speed. The whole sea state events are better scale with wave age. Finally, a numerical wave model has been adapt to our experimental site (from precedents results) to represent whitecap coverage in the Toulon-Hyères area. From a spatially and temporally homogeneous wind input, a few experimental events has been modeled
Saint-Cast, Frédéric. "Modélisation de la morphodynamique des corps sableux en milieu littoral." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12462.
Full textMagne, Rudy. "Réflexion et diffusion des vagues par une topographie sous-marine." Toulon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUL0006.
Full textWaves entering in shallow water are largely modified by the submarine topography. If refraction plays the major role in this process, other less known phenomena like wave reflection or more generally wave-bottom scattering can be significant. The Modelling of wave propagation in such areas is as much complicated by strong currents, particularly tidal currents. Wave-bottom scattering is investigated from a spectral approach with a source term, easily introduced in operationals spectrals wave models. This numerically efficient approach is found to be accurate, particularly when the bottom amplitudes are small, and is also valid for localized scatterers. For large amplitude topographies, as a submarine canyon, the wave evolution is accurately represented with a deterministic coupled-mode elliptic model, and the importance of the reflection in the transmission process over this obstacle is highlighted. The current effect on the wave-bottom scattering is then investigated. The shift of the resonant wave frequencies for waves propagating over sinusoidal bottom in presence of a uniform current is calculated theoretically, and verified experimentally in the laboratory. A theory for the scattering of waves in the presence of a uniform current is developped for application to the continental shelf. Numerical experiments for waves propagating over sand waves with large tidal currents (typical bathymetry in the North Sea) revealed an important shift for the mean wave direction, and a significant directional broadening for the surface spectrum
BARROS, ELISABETH. "Estimation de parametres dans les equations de saint-venant." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066465.
Full textAssier, Rzadkiewicz Sandrine. "Etudes numériques et expérimentales d'un glissement de sédiments le long d'une pente sous-marine et des vagues générées." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20024.
Full textHussien, Elkhorbatly Bashar. "Modélisation, justification et analyse mathématique de modèles en océanographie." Thesis, Tours, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUR4009.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to the mathematical study of the water-waves problem concerning two- dimensional motion of an irrotational and incompressible inviscid liquid with a free surface acted only by gravity and surface tension in a highly nonlinear regime. The thesis is separated into two parts of equal importance. In the first part, we justify mathematically more accurate approximation models for the water wave problem that are commonly used in coastal oceanography to describe the propagation of large amplitude surface waves. A new two-dimensional asymptotic shallow-water extended Green-Naghdi system is derived which incorporates the arbitrary higher-order dispersive terms while preserving the full nonlinearity. A well-posedness result and a stability property is then ensured for the one-dimensional case when the bottom is flat and not flat taking into consid- eration a small e
Jouon, Aymeric. "Hydrodynamique et transport de particules en suspension dans le lagon Sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie." Toulon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUL0010.
Full textThis thesis participates to a study that has been lead for several vears by IRD which aims increased knowledge of hydrodynamics and transport of dissolved substances and particles on the South-west Lagoon of New Caledonia (SLNC). This work stands on field measurements and numerical modelling. The first step of this thesis is an attempt to Synthesise the great amount of data produced by a numerical hydrodynamic model (MARS3D). Indexes having the dimension of time and related to the renewal of water masse Mere computed from numerical Tools applied to the In drodynamic model. The computation methods, the significance and the application of these indexes to the Southwest Lagoon of New-Caledonia (SLNC) are exposed. Examples of application of these indexes aiming to quantity the influence of hydrodynamics on biological processes are shown. Out of flooding periods, the re-suspension of freshly deposited sediments is the main source of suspended particles! on the SLNC. The combined actions of waves and currents induce a bottom shear stress that is responsible for particle re-suspension. In order to access the wave field characteristics, a wave model (WavewatchlII) was implemented over the SLNC. It was \alidated by in situ directional measurements of the wave field. The last part of this thesis focuses on the determination of physical properties of suspended particles such as particle si/e distributions, density, and fall velocit), are compulsory to model particle transport. I his work stands on in situ measurements and laboratory experiences performed with laser particle si/e anal\ser. Results emphasis the importance of bio-aggregation in a coral reef ecosystem
Cieutat, Jean-Marc. "Modélisation physiquement réaliste de session de simulation d'entraînement maritime." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12771.
Full textMaritime training simulation is an important matter of maritime teaching which requires a lot of scientific and technical skills. In this framework, where the real time constraint has to be maintained, all physical phenomena cannot be studied; the most visual physical phenomena relating to the natural elements and the ship behaviour are reproduced only. Our swell model, based on a surface wave simulation approach, permits to simulate the shape and the propagation of a regular train of waves from the open sea to the shore taking into account current and depth effects. Our wind sea model is more restricted because it is based on a spectral simulation approach, but the obtained results are very representative of the sea states that are defined on the Beaufort's scale from 0 to 12 depending on the wind conditions; waves heights vary with current and sea depth. The choice of multi-grid data structure with a fixed scale, level of details display, bump-mapping of capillary waves permit to integrate all scales, from a millimetric wave amplitude to a whole golfe, inside a unique interactive animated tool. Relating to the lighting model, we use vertex and pixel shaders and an improved real-time computation of the underwater color is also proposed
Nzokou, Tanekou François. "Ice rupture hydrodynamic modeling." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26683/26683.pdf.
Full textBertelle, Cyrille. "Simulation numérique d'une houle de canal appliquée à un modèle simple de transport de sédiments." Le Havre, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LEHA0005.
Full textGeorgelin, Marc. "Etude numérique de l'écoulement atmosphérique au voisinage des Pyrénées." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30139.
Full textKoffi, Ernest N'dri. "Caractérisation expérimentale de l'écoulement atmosphérique autour d'un massif montagneux (expérience Pyrex)." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30177.
Full textGuignard, Stéphan. "Suivi d'interface de type V. O. F. : application au déferlement des ondes de gravité dû aux variations bathymétriques." Toulon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUL0017.
Full textThose two last decades, both in the industrial and academics fields, the needs in numerical simulation of multi-fluid flows involving viscous fluids have strongly increased. This thesis presents a study performed in the frame of a "CNRS/SME" granted Ph-D which major input is the development of an high order interface tracking method based on the Volume Of Fluid concept (V. O. F) and it integration in an industrial CFD code in order to improve it's capabilities in numerical simulation of multifluid flows. This original interface tracking method called SL-VOF (Segment Lagrangian - Volume Of Fluid) uses a piecewise linear interface representation and a lagrangian advection scheme. Various versions of this method arc first tested on simple kinematics cases from which the last version appears to be of fully second order. The two first versions of the method arc then tested throughout 2DV numerical simulations of solitary wave breaking due to a spatial mean water level decrease, slow (beach case) or quick (artificial reef, dike). Two kind of comparisons are then considered:From the initial condition to the breaking point, the characteristics (celerity, crest height, free surface shape) of the wave simulated without the air-water effect are successfully compared with those of the wave simulated with a high order B. L. E. M method. After the breaking point, the air-water interaction throughout the interface is considered with respect to the real density ratio and good comparisons for the interface shape evolution until the splash-up phenomena with experiments conducted in the frame of this study achieve the validation of our method. The beginning of the run-up is although computed. High CPU time have motivated the development of a coupling algorithm with a B. I. E. M. . An application of the coupling to the solitary wave breaking on a sloping beach have shown a computational time divided by a ratio of seven. Moreover, these faster computations compare satisfactorily with experimental data on the wave height
Gagnaire-Renou, Elodie. "Amélioration de la modélisation spectrale des états de mer par un calcul quasi-exact des interactions non-linéaires vague-vague." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00595353.
Full textGagnaire-Renou, Elodie. "Amélioration de la modélisation spectrale des états de mer par un calcul quasi-exact des interactions non-linéaires vague-vague." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00595353/fr/.
Full textNumerical wave models describe the evolution of the wave energy spectrum under the combined action of several physical processes that generate, transfer or dissipate energy. A more accurate modeling of nonlinear four-wave interactions is necessary to improve sea state models. Based on a method introduced by Lavrenov (2001), we developed and optimized a quasi-exact method for computing the non-linear four-wave interactions in deep water. This method, called GQM (‘Gaussian Quadrature Method’), uses Gaussian quadrature formulas for the different integrations and provides very accurate estimates of the nonlinear transfer term with acceptable CPU times. In the present study, we first consider the temporal evolution of a homogeneous wave field when there is no energy input from the wind or dissipation. In a second step, wind input and whitecapping dissipation are also taken into account and results show the influence of the forcing terms on the evolution of the wave spectrum. In the last step, we consider two more realistic situations with a simple geometry, including wave propagation, namely the fetch-limited case and the slanting fetch case. Model results are compared to measurements from the SHOWEX campaign (1999, Duck, NC, USA). The work presented in this thesis confirms the need to accurately model the nonlinear wave-wave interactions in spectral wave models and shows that these improvements are now feasible, thanks to the GQM method and the algorithm developed in this thesis
Nguyen, Hai Yen. "Modèles pour les ondes interfaciales et leur intégration numérique." Phd thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00363790/fr/.
Full textUnder the effect of solar radiation and salinity, water in the oceans, rivers and lakes can be stratified at a certain depth by a sudden change in density. The lighter layer lays over the heavier layer. The solitary waves which appear at the interface between these two layers can have an influence on ships travelling in this region and even present a danger for them. They can also damage submerged engineering constructions such as oil platforms and rail and road tunnels lying on the seabed. This thesis is devoted to two systems of equations capable of modelling this kind of waves. These systems are obtained by using two different methods. The propagation as well as the collision between two solitary waves are simulated numerically. Iterative filtering allows a quantitative study of the run up and phase shift generated by these collisions
Nguyen, Hai Yen. "Modèles pour les ondes interfaciales et leur intégration numérique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363790.
Full textIdrissi, Mohammed. "Evolution du littoral Casablanca-Mohammedia (Maroc) : Etude de la dynamique sédimentaire et des impacts anthropiques." Toulon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUL0014.
Full textThe littoral Casablanca-Mohammedia (Morocco), strongly anthropized, with a harbour industry, directed in particular towards the petroleum products, and of constructions of works during these last years, an urbanization of the littoral and rivers coastal. The objective ; to study the incidence of the processes natural and anthropic on current sedimentary dynamics of this littoral. One uses measurements in locates granulometry, mineralogy, variation of the prof les of beaches and the analysis of the air photographs and models digital of the propagation of the swell at the coast, means of transport of the sediments and the simulation of the evolution of the feature of coast. The results obtained relate to the impact of coastal installations from a hydrodynamic point of view and to the localization of the sectors subjected to erosion and sectors prone to accretion. The study relating to One phenomena of the infiltration and the fixing of pollutants in a porous environment made up of sands of bay of Mohammedia, initially consisted in studying in laboratory, the permeability of a pollutant according to the nature of sand. The analyses carried out in laboratory made it possible to conclude that fine sands retain more the organic matter and organic carbon. The size of the grains plays an important part in the fixing of pollutants, plus the size of the grains increases more the permeability increases as well as porosity and consequently, less the sediments retain pollutants. From these data, one notes that the granulometry of the sediments influences the fixing of pollutants
Plumerault, Louis-Romain. "Modélisation numérique d'impacts de vagues sur un mur : prise en compte de la présence d'air dans l'eau." Phd thesis, Pau, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00410870.
Full textTellier, Eric. "Noyades et traumatismes liés aux vagues et marées sur le littoral océanique girondin : épidémiologie, modélisation et prévention." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0225.
Full textThe Gironde coasts in southwestern France are shaped by ocean conditions. Sandy beaches are exposed to high-energy waves which create hazardous conditions with shore-break waves and rip currents. These phenomena cause drownings and potentially serious injuries, requiring patrolling and rescue means.The aims of this work were to study wave-related drownings and injuries (i.e. surf zone injuries, SZI) in several ways: by describing the population of victims, modelling the risks and identifying the actions needed to prevent them.First, the demographic characteristics and severity of SZI were described. By analysing calls to the Gironde Emergency Medical Aid Service, 652 drownings and 814 traumas were recorded. From these data and using meteorological data, a model was created to predict the risk of drowning on the Gironde surf coast. It was then validated, based on the weather forecasts. The risk of drowning due to rip-currents can thus be anticipated three days in advance. The risks factors of shorebreak related injury were also studied.A theoretical framework to describe the timeline of drowning, using a continuous Markov process, was proposed. It allowed, among other things, to simulate the theoretical impact of a reduction in rescue time on the severity of drownings. Shortening the median rescue time from 15 to 10 minutes would reduce severe drowning cases by half.Finally, the use of risk predictions in prevention action was discussed on the basis of concepts from a literature review. This work will make it possible to set up and evaluate an action to prevent SZI in Gironde
Guerin, Thomas. "Modélisation morphodynamique pluri-décennale des côtes dominées par la marée et les vagues." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LAROS002/document.
Full textThis work considers the pluri-decadal morphodynamic modeling of sandy coastal environments subjected to tides and waves. A process-based numerical model is used, together with a collection of field data from the LIENSs laboratory (i.e. bathymetric, hydrodynamic, and seismic data). To simulate the morphodynamic of these environments, two main numerical developments have been added to the model : (1) the sediment heterogeneity, and (2) the bed evolution computation following a WENO-based scheme adapted to unstructured grids. The first model application concerns the 40-year hindcast (period 1960 to 2000) of a wide estuary mouth sandbank located in the Marennes-Oléron bay : the Longe de Boyard sandbank. Numerical results suggest that this sandbank long-term evolution is strongly controlled by waves, in spite of its global tide-dominated morphology. Rhythmic nature of sediment accretion, which is observed and modeled in the south part of the bank, was then analyzed from a stratigraphic point of view thanks to the integration of sediment heterogeneity into the model. Grain size rhythmic variations in this area appeared to be related to local wave climate seasonality. The second model application considers the Arçay sandspit evolution (Vendée coast). Morphodynamic results suggest that this sandspit evolution, mainly controlled by waves, is characterized by a combination of both autogenic and external-influenced behaviors
Belemaalem, Zakaria. "Schémas asynchrones pour des EDPs et génération de surfaces aléatoires à l'aide de groupes localisés." Brest, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BRES2025.
Full textThe study in this thesis proposes an original representation of a random wave field. The main goal is to respect the statistical constraints on a one-point characteristic function (variance, skewness and kurtosis) and also, at a two-point characteristic function (spectrum and slope). The proposed model considers the elevation of the ocean surface as a superposition of random spatial functions with the random amplitudes, grouped into maps depending on the wave vector. This approach leads to the construction of two models, so called “Groupy Wave Model” (GWM) and “Groupy Chopy Wave Model” (GCWM). The first allows the control of the spectrum, skewness (elevations and slopes) and kurtosis (elevations or slopes). The latter takes into account the orbital motions of water particles. The OGWM model is derived from horizontal coordinates of GWM surface. This transformation dresses the spectrum and shows cusps. A method of undressing the spectrum to obtain a surface with a target spectrum, which takes into account the cusps, is also introduced. The obtained results emphasize very different sea state structures, but with identical statistical properties
Meuret, Anne. "Etude d'un système PUVW pour des mesures de houle et de turbulence en milieu littoral côtier." Toulon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOUL0019.
Full textLeckler, Fabien. "Observation et modélisation du déferlement des vagues." Thesis, Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0079/document.
Full textThe recent parameterizations used in spectral wave models provide today interesting results in terms of forecast and hindcast of the sea states. Nevertheless, many physical phenomena present in these models are still poorly understood and therefore poorly modeled, in particular the dissipation source term due to breaking. First, the work presented in this thesis is aimed at analyzing and criticizing the existing parameterizations of the dissipation through the explicit modeling of the underlying properties of breaking. The finding of the failure of these parameterizations to reproduce the in situ and satellite observations, a new method for the observation and the analysis of breaking is proposed using stereo video systems . This method allows the observation of breaking waves on the high-resolution stereo-reconstructed sea surfaces. Therefore, a complete method for reconstruction of the sea surfaces in the presence of breaking waves is proposed and validated.The detection of breaking waves on the images and their reprojection on reconstructed surface is also discussed. Although too few acquisitions are available to draw firm results, an overview of the various observable parameters through the use of stereo video is given.This work shows the importance of stereo video systems to a better observation and understanding of the breaking waves, required in order to improve dissipation source term in spectral wave models
Pinault, Jonas. "Study of swash motion in an embayed beach based on observations and phase-resolving wave modeling - Case of the Grande Plage of Biarritz." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PAUU3015.
Full textDue to the ever growing anthropogenic pressure at the coast and the perspectives of sea levelrise, coastal hazards such as overtoping are more threatening than ever. In this context, accurateestimations of the wave contributions to the total water level (TWL) at the shoreline, namelythe run-up, are crucial for coastal engineers and those involved in coastal zone managementand engineering design. In this work, we propose to investigate wave run-up in an urban-ized embayed beach based on observations and phase-resolving numerical modeling. First, thephase-resolving model based on the Boussinesq equations BOSZ is validated against laboratoryLiDAR measurements to provide an extensive validation and sensitivity analysis. Then, themodel is applied to the real configuration of the Grande Plage of Biarritz, a complex urbanizedembayed beach. A data-set from a 3-day field campaign carried out in 2018 including pressuremeasurements and video-derived run-up data is utilized for the model validation. These ap-plications demonstrate that the model reproduces wave transformations and subsequent swashmotions reasonably well. The validated model results and observations are then used to investi-gate the swash motions, under varying conditions of waves and tide. Results show that the tidallevel played a key-role in the swash dynamics. At low tide, the conditions were dissipative andthe swash was dominated by the infragravity motions. At high tide reflective conditions wereobserved with a domination of the short-wave frequencies. These changes are explained by thedouble-slope profile where a low sloping area is found in the intertidal zone and a steep slope onthe foreshore. The tidal modulation also influenced the dissipation of infragravity waves, whichwere found to dissipate energy substantially at low tide through breaking, while at mid andhigh tide standing wave patterns, characteristic of shoreline reflection, were observed. Underenergetic conditions the influence of the tide was minimized as the large waves tended to breakon the low sloping portion, regardless of the tide. These results highlight the complexity of theswash behavior in 3D conf
Castelle, Bruno. "Modélisation de l'hydrodynamique sédimentaire au-dessus des barres sableuses soumises à l'action de la houle : application à la côte aquitaine." Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12859.
Full textThis thesis presents the first complete study of wave dynamics, wave-induced currents, and morphodynamics of nearshore sandy bars on the aquitanian coast beaches. This study is based on a physical modeling approach, associated with satellite imagery as well as treatment and analysis of field data. From the 12th to the 19th of october 2001 at Truc Vert beach, hydrodynamic and sedimentary data were collected during PNEC 2001 field measurements for energetic swell conditions. From the analysis of these data, the hydrodynamic module of the morphodynamic model developed during this thesis has been validated, and the dynamics of waves and wave-induced currents has been described. Simulations over aquitanian coast ridge and runnel systems and nearshore crescentic bar system show an intense tidal modulation of physical processes. Rip currents are induced by shore normal incidence long swells and an oscillating longshore current is induced by oblic incidence swells. The morphodynamic coupling including tidal cycles shows that self-organization mechanisms are responsible for the formation fo ridge and runnel systems in the intertidal domain and crescentic bar systems in the nearshore zone. The morphological characteristics of simulated systems are in agreement with observations. The development of these bars is also studied, as well as its sensitivity to wave forcing. The study leads to a new conceptual model of sandy bars morphology on the aquitanian coast
Jarry, Nicolas. "Etudes expérimentales et numériques de la propagation des vagues au-dessus de bathymétries complexes en milieu côtier." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00644931.
Full textJarry, Nicolas. "Etudes expérimentales et numériques de la propagation des vagues au-dessus de bathymétries complexes en milieu côtier." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00644931/fr/.
Full textThis thesis treats about the determination of the waves characteristics on coastal areas. The studies deal especially with the phenomenon of wave refraction and diffraction, reflection on marine works, and transmission above a submerged structure. A numerical calculation code of the wave propagation is developed on the curvilinear coordinates principle formed by the rays and the crests. It allows following wave propagation without any angle limitation. Addition of a diffraction parameter inside the equations facilitates the consideration of this effect. An experimental study on the waves' free surface behaviour propagating over a shoal was also carried out. It enabled to show the competition between refraction and diffraction effects and reveals that the crests of a monochromatic wave do not cross, but tend to diphase, since the shoal is submerged. Jointly, fundamental research works on tapping waves' energy leaded to undertake wave flume tests in regular waves, in the purpose of experimentally characterising pressure stresses resulting from Longuet-Higgins's oscillator effects when a wave is reflected by a marine works. Following these tests, we can foresee the construction of a new wave energy recovery system. Its efficiency is calculated for irregular waves, and an estimation of the energetic production is done for the case of an implementation on a real site. At last, an artificial submerged reef composed by geotextile bags is dimensioned and tested in wave flume for two industrial projects in order to evaluate the transmission coefficients
Attié, Jean-Luc. "Etude d'un écoulement près d'un relief à partir de moyens aéroportés (expérience Pyrex)." Toulouse 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU30140.
Full textMelinand, Benjamin. "Meteotsunamis, Proudman resonance and Corioliseffect for water waves." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0082/document.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in the evolution of water waves under the influence of a non constant atmospheric pressure, a moving bottom and a Coriolis forcing. In a first part, we study the Proudman resonance. We propose a mathematical approach to understand this phenomenon. First, we prove a local wellposedness result in a irrotational framework on the water waves equations (also called the Zakharov/Craig-Sulem formulation). Then, we fully justify different asymptotic models. In particular, we carefully study the Proudman resonance in deep water in the linear regime. Finally, we study the propagation of water waves in a weakly nonlinear regime thanks to the Saut-Xu equations and we propose a numerical scheme in order to solve these equations. In a second part, we study the influence of a Coriolis forcing on water waves. We prove a local wellposedness result on the Castro-Lannes equations, which generalize the Zakharov/Craig-Sulem formulation in the rotational framework. Then, we fully justify different asymptotic models when we take into account a Coriolis forcing. In particular, we generalize the Boussinesq equations (asymptotic model in a weakly nonlinear regime) in this setting. Thanks to these equations, we justify the Poincaré waves and then the Ostrovsky equation, which generalize the Korteweg-De- Vries equation when a Coriolis forcing is taking into account
Drevard, Déborah. "Étude expérimentale et numérique de la propagation d'ondes de gravité en zone de déferlement." Toulon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOUL0003.
Full textThe purpose of this work consists in studying experimentally and numerically the propagation and the breaking of gravity waves. In the first part, calculations, based on Stokes wave theory, are proposed for the measurement of partially standing wave from electromagnetic (S4) or acoustic (ADV) instruments giving velocities and/or pressure synchronous measurements. Influences of current, wave propagation direction, immersion depth of instrument and nonlinear effects are then studied for both laboratory and nearshore experiments. In the second part, an improved interface tracking algorithm (SL-VOF, Semi-Lagrangian Volume Of Fluid), inserted in an industrial code (EOLE, Principia R&D) is validated for gravity wave breaking in shallow water. Two applications are considered for the study of the shoaling and the breaking of a solitary wave: over a step (discontinuity of the bottom) and over a constant mild slope (1/15)
Dufresne, Margarita. "Modélisation de la houle par éléments finis." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP0986.
Full textThe two-dimensional (horizontal plane) models of free surface wave propagation are deduced from the fundamental equations of fluid mechanics. They are based on the non Iinear non-dispersive wave approach described by Saint-Venant equations (hydrostatic pressure), and on the non-linear dispersive wave approach described by Serre and Boussinesq type equations (non-hydrostatic pressure). The Boussinesq and Serre equations are developed using perturbation method with definition of the domain of validity of various approximations. A considerable number of Serre and Boussinesq type models is due to the choice of the kind of horizontal velocity, for which we give unambiguous interpretation. Higher-order terms introduced by Madsen to improve frequency dispersion serve as a base of "product" of different Boussinesq-type modeis. A one-dimensional and a two-dimensional (in plane) finite elements model of Serre and Boussinesq-type equations with improved frequency dispersion are presented. The time discretisation is based on Lax-Wendrofftype non-diffusive scheme. The one-dimensional numerical models are validated comparing with theoretical solutions and results obtained experimentally for horizontal and uneven bottom with various boundary conditions. The two-dimensional (in plane) Serre-Boussinesq finite elements models, capable to predict the refraction, diffraction and reflection are validated with good agreements between numerical and experimental results. The irregular meshs for complex bathymetry are created using I-DEAS code. A new one-dimensional breaking wave propagation model based on the Boussinesq type equations is developed by introduction of turbulent dissipation. Satisfactory agreements between numerical results and experiences are obtained
Deborde, Julien. "Modélisation et simulation de l’interaction fluide-structure élastique : application à l’atténuation des vagues." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0606/document.
Full textA fully Eulerian method is developed to solve the problem of fluid-elastic structure interactionsbased on a 1-fluid method. The interface between the fluid and the elastic structureis captured by a level set function, advected by the fluid velocity and solved with a WENO5 scheme. The elastic deformations are computed in an Eulerian framework thanks to thebackward characteristics. We use the Neo Hookean or Mooney Rivlin hyperelastic modelsand the elastic forces are incorporated as a source term in the incompressible Navier-Stokesequations. The velocity/pressure coupling is solved with a pressure-correction methodand the equations are discretized by finite volume schemes on a Cartesian grid. The maindifficulty resides in that large deformations in the fluid cause numerical instabilities. Inorder to avoid these problems, we use a re-initialization process for the level set and linearextrapolation of the backward characteristics. First, we verify and validate our approachon several test cases, including the benchmark of FSI proposed by Turek. Next, we applythis method to study the wave damping phenomenon which is a mean to reduce thewaves impact on the coastline. So far, to our knowledge, only simulations with rigid orone dimensional elastic structure has been studied in the literature. We propose to placeelastic structures on the seabed and we analyse their capacity to absorb the wave energy
Tanguy, Hervé. "Synthèse de Lois de Commande à Gains Programmés pour la Stabilisation en Roulis des Navires." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00109896.
Full textLaffitte, Elodie. "Modélisation de la propagation de la houle en présence de courants cisaillés et par bathymétrie variable." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUL0017.
Full textThis PhD thesis focuses on a specific part of the interactions between waves, current and bathymetry: the influence of the vorticity on the Bragg resonance phenomenon. Two numerical models, based on hyperbolic equations, are compared: the Mild Slope equation and the Modified Mild Slope equation, both extended to consider vorticity. To establish some trends about the wave behaviour in such configuration, the influence of the vorticity has been compared to the influence of the surface current velocity, in a parametric study. To go further, an experimental campaign has been settled in a wave flume, and the reflexion of regular waves propagating above sinusoïdal bathymetry and horizontally varying sheared currend has been registered for a large range ofwaves frequencies. Sorne strong conclusions asserted themselves: under the influence of a varying sheared current, the maximum of reflexion is reduced, both in amplitude and frequency, but another local maximum appears in higher waves frequencies (between 1.25 and l .45Hz). Moreover, our modelling achieved to represent the amplitude of the Bragg Peak quite well, but always overestimated the associated frequency. Thanks to a strong questioning of the theory and a collaboration between several researchers, a new modelling arised, with an original decomposition of the velocity potential taking into account the asymmetry between the incident and reflected wavenumbers. The first results are very optimistic: find the Bragg Peak frequency is not a problem anymore, and the study on the vorticity influence can continue. This new approach in coastal engineering will generate as many questions as opportunities
Lecuyer-Le, Bris Romain. "Modélisation numérique et expérimentale de la captation d'énergie houlomotrice : application aux essais à échelle réduite en bassin." Thesis, Brest, 2022. http://theses-scd.univ-brest.fr/2022/These-2022-SML-Mecanique_genie_mecanique_mecanique_des_fluides_et_energetique-LECUYER_LE_BRIS_Romain.pdf.
Full textThe behaviour of wave energy converters (WEC) is non-linear and complex to model accurately, especially due to the fluid–structure interaction and the randomness of the wave. The ability of a WEC to recover some of the wave energy depends on the control strategy used and the reliability of the behaviour model. Numerical computation time must remain reasonable in order to allow real–time control. In this context, perfect fluid calculations are used to model the fluid-structure interaction at first order. This diffraction–radiation approach highlights the delay functions of the system, a detailed analysis of which has been carried out in this work and illustrated on a reference case. This thesis proposes to establish a method applicable to the modelling of any type of multi-body WEC. The formulation of the hydrodynamic forces resulting from the assumptions of perfect fluid is then supplemented with semi–empirical terms in order to take into account non–linear effects. The viscous forces represented are particularly influential in the vicinity of the motion resonances. This method also allows the integration of experimental data into the numerical model. Experimental work was therefore carried out in order to understand, quantify and integrate the effects observed experimentally for an anchored body into the numerical model. Finally, elements in favor of an experimental campaign for a two-body system are presented
Bosi, Umberto. "A unified spectral/hp element depth-integrated Boussinesq model for nonlinear wave-floating body interaction." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0084/document.
Full textThe wave energy sector relies heavily on mathematical modelling and simulation of the interactions between waves and floating bodies. In this work, we have developed a medium-fidelity wave-body interaction model for the simulation of truncated surface piercing structures operating in heave motion, such as point absorbers wave energy converters (WECs). The motivation of the work lies in the present approach to wave-body interaction. The standard approach is to use models based on linear potential flow (LPF). LPF models are based on the small amplitude/ small motion assumption and, while highly computational efficient, cannot account for nonlinear hydrodynamic effects (except for Morison-type drag). Nonlinear effects are particularly important for WEC operating in resonance, or in nearshore regions where wave transformations are expected. More recently, Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations have been employed for modelling WECs. RANS is a complete and accurate model but computationally very costly. At present RANS models are therefore unsuited for the optimization of single devices, not to mention energy farms. Thus, we propose a numerical model based built on Boussinesq-type equations to include wave-wave interaction as well as finite body motion in a computationally efficient formulation. Boussinesq-type equations are depth-integrated wave models and are standard engineering tool for numerical simulation of propagation of nonlinear wave in shallow water and coastal areas. Thanks to the elimination of the vertical dimension and the avoidance of a time-dependent computational the resulting model is very computational efficient. Jiang (Jiang, 2001) proposed a unified Boussinesq model, decomposing the problem into free surface and body domains. Notably, in Jiang’s methodology also the body domain is modeled by a depth-integrated approach –hence the term unified. As all models based on Boussinesq-type equations, the model is limited to shallow and intermediate depth regimes. We consider the Madsen and Sørensen model, an enhanced Boussinesq model, for the propagation of waves. We employ a spectral/hp finite element method (SEM) to discretize the governing equations. The continuous SEM is used inside each domain and flux-based coupling conditions are derived from the discontinuous Galerkin method. The use of SEM give support for the use of adaptive meshes for geometric flexibility and high-order accurate approximations makes the scheme computationally efficient. In this thesis, we present 1D results for the propagation and interaction of waves with floating structures. The 1D model is verified using manufactured solutions. The model is then validated against published results for wave-body interaction. The hydrostatic cases (forced motion and decay test) are compared to analytical and semi-analytical solutions (Lannes, 2017), while the non-hydrostatic tests (fixed pontoon and freely heaving bodies) are compared to RANS reference solutions. The model is easily extended to handle multiple bodies and a proof-of-concept result is presented. Finally, we implement the latching technique, a method to control the movement of the body such that the response to the wave movement is improved. The model is extended to two horizontal dimensions and verified and validated against manufactured solutions and RANS simulations. The model is found to have a good accuracy both in one and two dimensions and is relevant for applications of waves interacting with wave energy devices. The model can be extended to simulate more complex cases such as WEC farms/arrays or include power generation systems to the device
Robinet, Arthur. "Modélisation de l’évolution long-terme du trait de côte le long des littoraux sableux dominés par l’action des vagues." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0946/document.
Full textWave-dominated sandy coasts are highly dynamic and populated systems increasingly threatened by erosion hazard. Understanding and predicting shoreline change is critical to inform and guide stakeholders. However, there is currently no numerical model able to reproduce and predict shoreline evolution over the full range of temporal scales and coastal geometries owing to numerical and physical limitations. This thesis focuses on the development of new reduced-complexity models to simulate shoreline change along wave-dominated sandy coasts on the timescales from hours to decades with low computation time. First, a statistical shoreline change model based on the seasonal occurrences of some oceanic basin weather regimes is developed. This model allows simulating shoreline variability at the seasonal and interannual scales, without resorting to wave data or sediment transport modeling. Second, a new so-called LX-Shore numerical wave-driven shoreline change model is developed, which takes the best from some existing models and includes additional numerical and physical developments. LX-Shore couples the primary longshore and cross-shore processes and includes the feedback of shoreline and bathymetric evolution on the wave field using a spectral wave model. LX-Shore successfully simulates the dynamics of coastal embayments or the formation of subsequent nonlinear evolution of complex shoreline features such as flying sandspits. It is anticipated that LX-Shore will provide new and quantitative insight into the respective contributions of the processes controlling shoreline change on real coasts for a wide range of wave climates and geological settings
Quentin, Françoise. "Contrôle du mouvement de la houle dans un canal." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD547.
Full textCharrayre, François. "Modélisation de fermes de systèmes houlomoteurs : effets d’interactions entre systèmes à l’échelle de la ferme et impact sur le climat de vagues à l'échelle régionale." Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PEST1097/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of a set of numerical tools to simulate different aspects of the wave-body interactions applied to the exploitation of wave energy converters (WEC). It was conducted under the ANR Monacorev project (project-ANR11 MONU-018-01, 2012-2015).The objective is to address the issue of the interactions at the scale of a farm of WECs (≈ 1 km), and to study the impact of one or more WEC farms at the regional scale (≈ 10km ) on the total wave field. Modeling and simulation methods adapted for each of these two scales are developed. Until now, the interactions between WECs was often studied by considering that the bottom was flat (the influence of a variable bathymetry on the wave field at the farm site being considered to be negligible), allowing to easily and quickly calculate the wave field and interactions through the use of linear potential theory. A practical application of this method is the yield estimation for a WEC farm and the optimization of the WEC position within a park. In the framework of the linear theory, this thesis proposes an original coupling methodology between a seakeeping (Aquaplus) and a wave propagation code in coastal areas (Artemis), which was developed and qualified. Simulations show that, for a given WEC farm configuration, effects of the bathymetry cannot systematically ignored. For example, the presence of a 10% slope close to a WEC farm can significantly modify the wave height, and thus affect the performance of the farm by several percent compared to the case with a uniformly flat bottom. At the regional coastal scale, it is also interesting to simulate and predict the impact of WEC farms on the wave field. At this scale, for efficiency reasons, a phase-averaged simulation of waves was preferred, based on the sea state spectral code TOMAWAC. The representation of the effects of a WEC through the use of a sink-term (concept for subtracting the energy equivalent to that absorbed by the WEC to the sea state energy spectrum), though incomplete due to the fact that the scattering effects are not taken into account, has been studied and tested. A new methodology taking into account these effects in a spectral code is presented here and tested with the aim to overcome these limitations. Discussions on the validity of these approaches allow us to propose possible future developments for the modeling of WEC farm at the regional scale
Bellec, Stevan. "Nouvelle approche pour l'obtention de modèles asymptotiques en océanographie." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0182/document.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in the evolution of water waves under the gravity force using asymptotics models. We start by recalling the derivation of most used models (Boussinesq, Green-Naghdi,...) and we introduce a new model expressed amplitude-flux, which is an alternative version of the Nwogu equations. In the second chapter, we prove a long time existence result for the new model and we investigate the existence of solitary waves for the Boussinesq models. This work allow us to compute these solutions with a good precision. The third chapter highlights the nonlinear differences between the Boussinesq equations (amplitude-flux models versus amplitude-velocity models). Finally, the two last chapter introduce a new paradigm in order to find numerical schemes adapted to asymptotics models. The idea is to apply an asymptotic analysis to a discretized Euler system. This new paradigm is applied to Peregrine equations, Nwogu equations and Green-Naghdi equations. Test cases are presented in these two chapters
Ducrozet, Guillaume. "Modélisation des processus non-linéaires de génération et de propagation d'états de mer par une approche spectrale." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00263596.
Full textUn traitement original de la génération de houle non-linéaire est proposé. Il permet l'accès à des simulations de champs de vagues tridimensionnels complexes, fortement cambrés, dans un bassin de houle. Diverses comparaisons avec des expériences menées dans le bassin du Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides de l'ECN sont présentées.
Des simulations océaniques, en milieu ouvert, sont également proposées. Un intérêt particulier est porté à l'étude de l'apparition des vagues scélérates au sein de l'océan. L'importance des effets non-linéaires est pointée ainsi que l'aptitude de la méthode à modéliser de tels phénomènes. Des comparaisons avec les méthodes classiquement employées dans ce genre de problématique indiquent l'intérêt de l'approche utilisée ici.
La résolution du problème de tenue à la mer est également envisagée. L'utilisation de la méthode HOS dans les codes couplés, développés au Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides (potentiel, RANS, SPH), est envisagée. Elle permettra la description précise de la houle incidente ; le couplage est mis en place et validé sur un certain nombre de cas d'application.
Blot, Romain. "Etude et modélisation des variations spatio-temporelles des distributions d'aérosols en zone côtière méditerranéenne." Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00651785.
Full textBlot, Romain. "Etude et modélisation des variations spatio-temporelles des distributions d'aérosols en zone côtière méditerranéenne." Phd thesis, Toulon, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00651785/fr/.
Full textWith 70% of the planet surface covered by seas and oceans, the presence of sea salt particles, produced mainly by the waves breaking, represents a major constituent in the geochemical cycle of the atmosphere and in the earth radiative budget. Ln order to anticipate the possible changes, our knowledge has to progress towards a more precise description and modelling of surface flux. The present study proposes a general framework for a better characterization of particles injected in the atmosphere by the waves breaking. One of the objectives is to study the parametrical and numerical models' validity in order to predict the spatio-temporal sea spray's variation at a local and regional scale. A first part of this work is dedicated to the study of the aerosol concentrations' spatial variation in a Mediterranean coastal zone. To do so, a coupling between a meso-scale meteorological code (RAMS) and an aerosol determinist model (Medex) developed by the LSEET has been operated. The predictions of the coupling are confronted with the data recorded during an experimental campaign led in May 2007 at Porquerolles Island. The second part is focused on the parametrical model improvement : with the help of the data recorded in May 2007, the seasonal influence has been corrected, thus refining the Medex predictions. The third part is dedicated to the parameters influencing the sea spray concentrations during an episode of Mistral. It is shown that other parameters than the wind speed act, such as fetch or the height of the marine boundary layer. The last part proposes the development of a numerical transport model of aerosols. The first results show the influence of the atmospheric stability on the horizontal and vertical profiles of sprays