Journal articles: 'Valeriani'

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Nejeschleba, Tomáš. "Metaphysica Valeriani Magni." American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly 93, no. 2 (2019): 361–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/acpq2019311176.

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Plushner, Susyn L. "Valerian: Valeriana officinalis." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 57, no. 4 (2000): 328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/57.4.328.

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Martinho, Ana, Sara M. Silva, Tiago Rosado, et al. "Valeriana spp.: Biological Activities and New In vitro and In vivo Perspectives." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 3 (2020): 210–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666181026111431.

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Background:Valerian extract is widely used in dietary supplements as well as in conventional, traditional and alternative medicines. It is one of the most used herbal plants for the treatment of several disorders, mainly related to the digestive and the nervous systems. Dozens of chemical constituents with pharmacological and therapeutic properties were identified in essential oils and/or other extracts of valerian’s roots, rhizomes and aerial parts. This review summarizes and updates the current knowledge about the pharmacological properties of valerian, highlighting the most recent clinical, in vitro and in vivo findings, and intends to identify and propose future directions for further research regarding the effective biological effects of Valeriana spp.Methods:This review analyzed the scientific literature published in PubMed, Science Direct and Web of Science.Results:Some reports are contradictory or inconclusive, probably due to the presence of chemically distinct chemotypes within a species of Valeriana or to different approaches adopted in different studies. Also, there are a number of studies showing that co-administration of herbal supplements and drugs may promote pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions.Conclusion:It is of utmost importance to clarify the state of the art related to Valeriana spp. therapeutic properties and their effects on metabolism.

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Morokhina, S. L., R. N. Alyautdin, D. A. Kaperko, E. V. Shubnikova, I. I. Snegireva, and Yu A. Smirnova. "Adverse Reactions of Drugs Containing Valeriana and Corvalol: Analysis of Spontaneous Reporting." Safety and Risk of Pharmacotherapy 6, no. 4 (2018): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.30895/2312-7821-2018-6-4-162-173.

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Abstract. Valerianа officinalis rhizomes whis roots, monocomponent and complex herbal drugs based on Valerianа officinalis, and the drug Corvalol containing chemically synthesized α-bromizovalerianic acid ethyl ester (ethyl bromovalerianate) are OTC drugs and are widely used. At the same time, in the database of drug adverse effects «Pharmacovigilance» AIS Roszdravnadzor from 2009 to 2018, 147 spontaneous reports of adverse reactions were registered when taking Valeriana rhizomes whis roots and Corvalol. The aim of the study was the analisis of spontaneous reporting about adverse reactions when taking Valeriana rhizomes and roots and the multi-component drug Corvalol in the database «Pharmacovigilance» AIS Roszdravnadzor and assessment of their compliance with the information in the instructions for medical use. It was reactions from the nervous system (lethargy, drowsiness, weakness, apathy, headache, dizziness, depression of consciousness, stupor, neurotoxicity, toxic encephalopathy), from the gastrointestinal tract (nausea, bitterness in the mouth, burning of the mucous membrane, belching, heartburn, appetite disorders), cardiovascular system (tachycardia) and allergic reactions (skin itching, skin flushing, rash, maculo-papular rash, urticaria, dermatitis, cheilitis, aphthous stomatitis, angioedema) in the reports. The sedative and anxiolytic effects of the leading biologically active component of rhizomes with valerian roots, valerenic acid, are mediated through modulation of the function of type-γ-aminobutyric acid receptors A. Experimentally confirmed that the mechanism of action of valerenic acid is similar to benzodiazepine drugs, which cause of a number of reported adverse neurological reactions. However, the range of complaints from patients cited in the reports is significantly wider than in the instructions for the medical use of these drugs. There is a need for further monitoring of reports and analysis of already received data and the addition of prescribing information of Valeriana rhizomes whis roots and Corvalol for ensuring safety requirements.

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Joshi, Vaishali C., Andres Navarrete, and Ikhlas A. Khan. "Authentication of Valeriana procera Kunth and Comparative Account of Five Valeriana Species." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 6 (2005): 1621–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.6.1621.

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Abstract Valeriana procera Kunth (Mexican Valerian) is a commercially important species, sometimes used as a substitute for Valeriana officinalis L., an important sedative in herbal medicine. A detailed macroscopic and microscopic account was provided for V. procera Kunth and a comparison was made between the wild and cultivated samples of V. procera Kunth. Macroand microscopic comparative analyses were performed to differentiate V. procera Kunth from V. officinalis L. and other commercially important Valerian species such as V. jatamansi Jones, Valeriana edulis Nutt, and V. sitchensis Bong.

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Antolin, Michael F., and John F. Addicott. "Habitat Selection and Colony Survival of Macrosiphum valeriani Clarke (Homoptera: Aphididae)." Annals of the Entomological Society of America 81, no. 2 (1988): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/81.2.245.

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Carnino, Cecilia. "Gli anni rivoluzionari di Giuseppe Valeriani, un «patriota disinteressato, ingenuo e deciso» (1796-1799)." SOCIETÀ E STORIA, no. 170 (November 2020): 707–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/ss2020-170002.

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Odyntsova, V. M., V. H. Korniievska, S. V. Panchenko, Yu I. Korniievskyi, and V. I. Kokitko. "Chromato-mass spectrometric study of valerian infusion with various extractants." Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice 15, no. 1 (2022): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2022.1.252374.

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Valerian Officinalis (Valeriana officinalis L.s.p.) is a collective species in Ukraine. It contains 13 species, including in the south of Ukraine grows valerian (V. stolonifera Czern.). At the present stage, it is confirmed that the calming and antispasmodic properties of valerian raw materials are due to the content of valepotriates, sesquiterpenoids and aromatic substances, in particular eugenol derivatives. That is why in many countries around the world a number of drugs have been created on their basis. The aim of our research is to determine the component composition of tinctures of tinctures of V. stolonifera Czern. made of 70 % alcohol and methanol using gas chromatography. Materials and methods. Raw materials (underground organs) Valerianae radices were harvested in March 2020 in Zaporizhzhia, Kantserivska Balka. Valerian tincture was prepared from fresh raw materials according to the method of making tinctures. The tincture was investigated on a gas chromatograph Agilent 7890B with mass spectrometric detector 5977B. The NIST14 mass spectrum library was used to identify the components. Results. 77 components were identified by gas chromatography in methanolic tincture of V. stolonifera Czern. roots, 13 components were isolated quantitatively. In the analysis of the chromatogram and the characteristic of the area of the peaks of the alcoholic tincture of V. stolonifera Czern. roots, 78 components were identified, 11 components were isolated quantitatively. At the comparative characteristic of chromatograms 39 components coincide. Of the main components, the largest content is: 13.413 RT methanolic 1(2H)-Naphthalenone, octahydro-4a,8a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, [4aR-(4a.α.,7.β.,8a.α.)] – 5.34 % 13.414 RT alcohol – 8.41 %; 11.943 RT methanolic Myrtenyl isovalerate – 3.88 %; 11,942 RT alcohol – 5.15 %; 15.362 RT methanolic Kessanyl acetate – 2.52 %; 15.360 RT Kessanyl acetate alcohol – 1.41 %. Conclusions. It was seen that valerian tinctures with methanol and alcohol extractant differ in both quantitative and qualitative composition analyzing the obtained data of gas chromatography. 39 Compounds were present in all tinctures; three of them were present in large quantities. According to the results of the study, data have been obtained that show that the best indicators of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the tincture of V. stolonifera Czern. were obtained using the extractant 70 % alcohol.

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Navarrete, Andres, Bharathi Avula, Young-Whan Choi, and Ikhlas A. Khan. "Chemical Fingerprinting of Valeriana Species: Simultaneous Determination of Valerenic Acids, Flavonoids, and Phenylpropanoids Using Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 89, no. 1 (2006): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/89.1.8.

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Abstract The roots and rhizomes of various valeriana species are currently used as a sleeping aid or mild sedative. A liquid chromatography method has been developed that permits the analysis of chlorogenic acid, lignans, flavonoids, valerenic acids, and valpotrates in various valerian samples. The best results were obtained with a Phenomenex Luna C18(2) column using gradient elution with a mobile phase consisting of water and 0.05% phosphoric acid and 2100% acetonitrilemethanol (1 + 1) with 0.05% phosphoric acid. The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min and ultraviolet detection was at 207, 225, 254, 280, and 325 nm. Different valerian species and commercial products showed remarkable quantitative variations. Chlorogenic acid (0.21.2%), 3 lignans, linarin (0.0020.24%), and valepotriates were detected in all the valeriana species analyzed. Highest amounts of valerenic acids were detected in V. officinalis L., trace amounts in V. sitchensis, and none in the other species analyzed.

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Krystal, Andrew D., and Ilana Ressler. "The Use of Valerian in Neuropsychiatry." CNS Spectrums 6, no. 10 (2001): 841–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900001668.

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ABSTRACTValerian is a medicinal agent deriving from the plant Valeriana officinalis L. We reviewed the available literature on the use of valerian preparations in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Preclinical studies suggest that valerian has sedative and muscle-relaxant effects. Few clinical trials with valerian have been carried out in conditions other than insomnia. The insomnia studies have methodologic shortcomings but suggest that some preparations lead to significant subjective improvement in sleep complaints with remarkably few side effects. Furthermore, some evidence indicates that valerian preparations may have a mechanism of action and clinical characteristics that differ from the benzodiazepine-related sedative/hypnotics, making them more suitable for long-term use. If this safety profile and the plant's sedative/hypnotic efficacy are confirmed in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials with carefully and consistently prepared valerian compounds, then those compounds would fill an important and presently unfilled niche in the treatment of insomnia.

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Taibi, Diana M., Cheryl Bourguignon, and Ann Gill Taylor. "A Feasibility Study of Valerian Extract for Sleep Disturbance in Person With Arthritis." Biological Research For Nursing 10, no. 4 (2009): 409–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800408324252.

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Objectives: To present a pilot study of valerian to explore issues of feasibility and efficacy in studies of sedative herbs for arthritis-related sleep disturbance. Methods: Fifteen persons with arthritis and mild sleep disturbance were randomized to receive 600 mg valerian ( Valeriana officinalis, n = 7) or placebo ( n = 8) for five nights. Results: Protocol adherence (dosing and data collection) was high. Allocation concealment was successful using a novel approach for matching the placebo on the distinctive odor of valerian. Nonsignificant differences between the groups were found on all sleep outcomes, measured by daily diaries and wrist actigraphy. Conclusion: The study methods were feasible, except for recruitment issues (addressed in the discussion), and may guide the testing of other sedative herbs for persons with arthritis. Although efficacy outcomes were inconclusive due to the small sample size of this study, recent evidence from larger trials of valerian also does not support its efficacy.

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Nikzad-Langerodi, Ramin, Katharina Arth, Valerie Klatte-Asselmeyer, et al. "Quality Control of Valerianae Radix by Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) Spectroscopy." Planta Medica 84, no. 06/07 (2017): 442–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-122239.

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Abstract(Acetoxy-)valerenic acid and total essential oil content are important quality attributes of pharmacy grade valerian root (Valerianae radix). Traditional analysis of these quantities is time-consuming and necessitates (harmful) solvents. Here we investigated an application of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for extractionless analysis of these quality attributes on a representative sample comprising 260 wild-crafted individuals covering the Central European taxonomic diversity of the Valeriana officinalis L. s. l. species aggregate with its three major ploidy cytotypes (i.e., di-, tetra- and octoploid). Calibration models were built by orthogonal partial least squares regression for quantitative analysis of (acetoxy-)valerenic acid and total essential oil content. For the latter, we propose a simplistic protocol involving apolar extraction followed by gas chromatography as a reference method for multivariate calibration in order to handle the analysis of samples taken from individual plants. We found good predictive ability of chemometric models for quantification of valerenic acid, acetoxyvalerenic acid, total sesquiterpenoid acid, and essential oil content with a root mean squared error of cross-validation of 0.064, 0.043, and 0.09 and root mean squared error of prediction of 0.066, 0.057, and 0.09 (% content), respectively. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis revealed good discriminability between the most productive phenotype (i.e., the octoploid cytotype) in terms of sesquiterpenoid acids, and the less productive ones (i.e., di- and tetraploid). All in all, our results demonstrate the application of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for rapid, extractionless estimation of the most important quality attributes of valerian root and minimally invasive identification of the most productive phenotype in terms of sesquiterpenoid acids.

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Sendker, Jandirk, Matthias Lechtenberg та Andreas Hensel. "An Unsuccessful Attempt to Confirm the Occurrence of 4′-O-β- d-Glucosyl-9-O-(6″-deoxysaccharosyl)olivil in Valerian Root". Planta Medica 86, № 15 (2020): 1133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1078-5195.

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AbstractThe lignan 4′-O-β- d-glucosyl-9-O-(6″-deoxysaccharosyl)olivil had previously been discovered in a methanolic extract of valerian root (Valeriana officinalis agg.) and characterized as a potent partial agonist at the A1 adenosine receptors. Today, countless scientific sources, webpages, and press articles mention this compound and discuss it as an active constituent for the sedative effect of this herbal drug. As no second report confirmed the occurrence of this lignan in valerian root during the 20 years since its first description in 1998, we intended to re-prove its presence by means of LCMS using other genuine or added lignans as a quantitative benchmark. Whilst those lignans were clearly detectable in methanolic valerian extracts of all six investigated batches of valerian root, no positive proof of 4′-O-β- d-glucosyl-9-O-(6″-deoxysaccharosyl)olivil was achieved. Our result suggests that this compound does not occur regularly in valerian root in the amounts expected from the single report on the occurrence of this compound.

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Odyntsova, V. M., V. I. Kokitko, V. H. Korniievska, Yu I. Korniievskyi, and Ye O. Karpun. "Chromato-mass spectroscopy of tinctures of Valeriana officinalis aerial part." Current issues in pharmacy and medicine: science and practice 14, no. 1 (2021): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14739/2409-2932.2021.1.226749.

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Underground Valerian roots (Vаlеrіаnае radix) are officinal raw materials. More than 1000 compounds were detected in Valeriana officinalis L. s.l., of which no less than 500 natural substances of organic and inorganic origin were identified, among them – carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, enzymes, phenolic compounds, essential oil, iridoids, alkaloids, steroids. The aerial part of Valerian is a source of various flavonoids with pronounced antioxidant properties and specific pharmacotherapeutic activity. The aim of the research is to determine, by means of gas chromatography, component composition of Valerian tinctures, made of the aerial part of V. tuberosa L., V. stolonifera Czern (Kantserivska balka, Zaporizhzhia region, Ukraine) and V. officinalis L. (Łódź, Bydgoszcz, Poland). Materials and methods. Tincture samples of the aerial part of wild species V. tuberosa L., V. stolonifera Czern (Kantserivska balka, Zaporizhzhia region), and V. officinalis L. (the experimental site of ZSMU; Łódź and Bydgoszcz in Poland) were selected for experimental studies according to the traditional production recipe for making tinctures (1 : 5). Component composition of the tinctures was studied using a 7890B gas chromatograph with a 5977B mass spectrometer detector. Results. By means of chromato-mass spectrometry, component composition of the Valerian tinctures has been identified, namely: in the tincture prepared from the aerial part of V. officinalis (Łódź, Poland) 54 components have been identified, V. tuberosa – 50; V. stolonifera – 46 and V. officinalis (Bydgoszcz, Poland) – 30. The chromatogram analysis of four Valerian tinctures helped to identify 118 components, 5 of which were present in all studied tinctures; 12 components were present in three tinctures; 22 components have been found in two tinctures. It should be noted that 10 components have been found in the tinctures in large quantities, their content ranging from 10.91 % to 30.02 %. Conclusions. Analyzing the obtained data of the GC, it can be seen that Valerian tinctures differ both in quantitative and qualitative composition. From the aerial part of Valeriana officinalis, prepared in Łódź and Bydgoszcz in Poland, 17 components coincide. In the tinctures, prepared from herbs collected in Ukraine, 10 components coincide. The highest content of Butanoic acid, 3-methyl – from 4.01 % to 16.78 %; 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, ethyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- – from 0.47 % to 7.09 %; Dihydroxyacetone – from 0.37 % to 5.69 % and Quinic acid – from 0.30 % to 4.66 % in all four tinctures by peak areas and retention time should be marked. In three tinctures Cyclododecane, 1,5,9-tris(acetoxy)- has been identified in amount of 30.56 % to 14.56 %. The obtained results confirm the expediency of using the aerial part of Valeriana officinalis as raw material with a large commodity yield and various contents of biologically active substances for further pharmacognostic researches for the purpose of creation of new medicines and phytopreparations

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Syahid, Siti Fatimah, Hera Nurhayati, and Budi Hartoyo. "Morpho-agronomic characteristics of valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) derived from in-vitro culture." E3S Web of Conferences 306 (2021): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130601001.

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Valeriana officinalis belongs to the Valerianaceae family, is a well-known herb and medicinal plant. Plant roots are commonly used as medicine by the pharmaceutical industry. Observation on morpho-agronomic characteristics of valerian propagated in vitro is needed to determine their morphological characteristics and production in the field. The study aimed to observe the morphological characteristics of valerian derived from in vitro culture. The experiment was conducted at the Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMCRI) Bogor, arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Each replication consisted of ten individual plants. Valerian plantlets from in vitro culture were acclimatized in the greenhouse and planted in media composed of a mixture of soil, compost, and husk. Afterward, 3 months old valerian was then transferred into a polybag. The plants were harvested at 9 and 12 months after planting (MAP). Valerian plantlets from in vitro propagation were successfully acclimatized in the greenhouse. Furthermore, the morphological characteristics of the plant were similar to the parents. The yield was significantly higher at 12 MAP than 9 MAP. The tissue culture technique was prospective for valerian propagation to support rapid plant material provision for seeds or raw material for the pharmaceutical industry.

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Kelber, Olaf, Karen Nieber, and Karin Kraft. "Valerian: No Evidence for Clinically Relevant Interactions." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/879396.

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In recent popular publications as well as in widely used information websites directed to cancer patients, valerian is claimed to have a potential of adverse interactions with anticancer drugs. This questions its use as a safe replacement for, for example, benzodiazepines. A review on the interaction potential of preparations from valerian root (Valeriana officinalisL. root) was therefore conducted. A data base search and search in a clinical drug interaction data base were conducted. Thereafter, a systematic assessment of publications was performed. Sevenin vitrostudies on six CYP 450 isoenzymes, on p-glycoprotein, and on two UGT isoenzymes were identified. However, the methodological assessment of these studies did not support their suitability for the prediction of clinically relevant interactions. In addition, clinical studies on various valerian preparations did not reveal any relevant interaction potential concerning CYP 1A2, 2D6, 2E1, and 3A4. Available animal and human pharmacodynamic studies did not verify any interaction potential. The interaction potential of valerian preparations therefore seems to be low and thereby without clinical relevance. We conclude that there is no specific evidence questioning their safety, also in cancer patients.

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Mytych, Wiktoria, and David Aebisher. ""Valeriana officinalis" – a review." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 20, no. 3 (2022): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2022.3.2.

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Introduction and aim. "Valeriana officinalis" has been recognized in traditional medicine and used since ancient times for a variety of health ailments. It is mainly appreciated for its sedative and sleeping properties. Currently, scientists are conducting numerous studies on the exact chemical composition of valerian and the properties they carry in the human body. Material and methods. This paper presents a narrative review on valerian. Analysis of the literature. The desire to summarize information on the uses and properties of V. officinalis is presented. V. officinalis exhibits sedative, sleep-inducing and antidepressant properties. Studies show broad effects on the human nervous system, for example, reducing stress. Conclusion. By discovering new properties of valerian, its properties are expanding significantly day by day. Its main use is primarily in the treatment of sleep disorders and nervous system disorders. However, it is also used in headaches, depression, anti-cancer therapy, urinary and digestive disorders. More and more people are turning to valerian as an alternative to drugs that have more side effects.

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Mulyawan, Erwin, Muhammad R. Ahmad, Andi A. Islam, Muh Nasrum Massi, Mochammad Hatta, and Syafri K. Arif. "Effect of Valerian Extract on GABRB3 Gene MRNA Expression and Sedation in BALB/C Mice." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 8 (2020): 1249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407216999200620185627.

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Background: Valerian, also known as Setwall, Baldrianwurzel, or Phu is an herbaceous perennial plant from Europe and Asia, ubiquitously dispersed in almost all countries with a pH of 6-7. Valeriana officinalis is often used to treat sleep disorders, anxiety, fatigue, seizures, epilepsy, and depression as traditional medicine for 2000 years. The main constituent of Valeriana officinalis is Valerenic acid with hydroxyl and acetone group derivatives. Valerenic acid has anxiolytic, tranquilizing, and sleep-inducing effects that have been demonstrated in both animal studies and clinical trials. Valerenic acid inhibits catabolism-enzyme induced breakdown of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in the brain resulting in sedation. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is the most important brain inhibitory neurotransmitter with key roles in the regulation and function of the central nervous system. The sedative effect of Valerian extract is facilitated by the GABAA receptor β3 subunit. GABRB3 gene is a ligand-gated ion channel that encodes the GABAA receptor β3 subunit. GABRB3 also functions as a receptor for diazepam and other anesthetic drugs (i.e. phenobarbital). Valerian influences the presynaptic component of GABA-ergic neurons that affect the release of synaptic GABA. Valerian also inhibits GABA reuptake and GABA catabolism by inhibiting the enzyme GABA transaminase. On that basis, this study aims to determine the effect of valerian extract on GABRB3 gene mRNA expression and sedative effect in BALB/c mice. Objective: This is an experimental study using an animal model, with a posttest-only control group design to determine the effect of Valerian extract on GABRB3 gene mRNA expression and sedative effect in BALB/c mice. Methods: Twenty selected BALB/c mice were randomly allocated into four groups; each group consisting of 5 mice. Group A (negative control) was given 5 ml of aqua dest (distilled water). Group B (positive control) was given 0.025 mg/10 g of diazepam. Group C (treatment group 1) was given 2.5 mg/10 g of Valerian extract, and group D (treatment group 2) was given 5 mg/10 g of Valerian extract. The drugs were administered for seven days through a gastric gavage. Rotarod test was performed on the seventh day. A blood sample of 1 ml was taken on the first day before drug administration and after the rotarod test on the seventh day to be analyzed using RT-PCR. Results: GABRB3 gene mRNA expression showed a significant increase in group B, C, and D (p <0.0001). There was a significant difference between group C and D. The examination of motor coordination functions (Rotarod test) showed a significant difference (p <0.05) between group A and group B, between group A and group C, and between group A and group D. There was no significant difference between group B and both group C and D. Conclusions: GABRB3 gene mRNA expression was increased significantly after the administration of Valerian extract. Based on the Rotarod test, Valerian extract and Diazepam had a clinically similar sedation effect. A higher dose of Valerian extract does not yield a higher level of GABRB3 gene mRNA expression nor sedative effects.

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Gudkova, Alevtina Alekseyevna, Galina Yur'yevna Shestakova, Aleksey Ivanovich Slivkin, Anna Sergeyevna Chistyakova, Vladimir Aleksandrovich Agafonov, and Polina Vital'yevna Chavro. "STUDY OF CARBOHYDRATE COMPOSITION OF BLUE BLUE (POLEMONIUM CAERULEUM L.)." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2021038795.

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Polemonium coeruleum (Greek valerian) is a very promising plant for study. Despite the data available in the literature concerning the analysis of the main group of compounds of Greek valerian (triterpene saponins), the remaining groups of the metabolome were practically not affected for study. The aim of the study was to study the carbohydrates of grass and rhizomes with Greek valerians roots. The objects of the study were a sample of grass and rhizomes with Greek valerian roots. The content of the sum of polysaccharides and free sugars in terms of glucose was determined in accordance with the corresponding pharmacopoeial articles of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV ed. The profile and quantitative content of simple reducing sugars was studied by capillary electrophoresis. This work was the first to study the sum of free polysaccharides and simple sugars in grass and rhizomes with Greek valerian roots in comparison with the use of modern physicochemical methods. It was revealed that the content of the sum of free polysaccharides and the sum of simple sugars in terms of glucose in the aboveground part of Greek valerian is higher than in the underground one. It was shown that the composition of free simple sugars between plant organs is different and is represented by fructose and sucrose.

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Das, Jayashankar, Ashiho A. Mao, and Pratap J. Handique. "Terpenoid Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Two Indian Valerian Oils from the Khasi Hills of North-east India." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 1 (2011): 1934578X1100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100600131.

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The volatile constituents of Valeriana jatamansi Jones and V. hardwickii Wall. (Valerianaceae) collected from the Khasi Hills of northeast India were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-seven and twenty-one compounds were characterized and identified from V. jatamansi and V. hardwickii samples, representing 90.6% and 82.7% of the total oil, respectively. Sesquiterpenes were shown to be the main constituents in both the oil samples. Maaliol (26.1%), patchouli alcohol (9.3%) and α-gurjunene (8.7%) were the major components of V. jatamansi oil, whereas valeracetate (21.3%), methyl linoleate (14.1%), bornyl acetate (13.8%) and cuparene (7.1%) were the main constituents of V. hardwickii oil. Both Indian valerian essential oils were studied for their antioxidant activities using the free radical-scavanging activity (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. V. hardwickii oil exhibited a higher antioxidant capacity than V. jatamansi in both assays. For both the valerian oil samples, there was a concentration-dependent increase in free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing capacity. Both valerian oils and their ingredients are potential sources of natural antioxidants.

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Cuellar, N. "Valeriana officinalis (valerian) may help patients with restless legs syndrome." Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies 14, no. 3 (2009): 179–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/fact.14.3.0007.

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Monjezi, Nadia, Jamshid Razmjo, and Hassan Karimmojeni. "Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) tolerance to some post-emergence herbicides." Journal of Plant Protection Research 55, no. 4 (2015): 415–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jppr-2015-0057.

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AbstractValerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a medicinal plant, but its cultivation is restricted by weed competition. Therefore, three rates (0.75X, 1X, and 1.25X, where X is equal to the recommended dose of haloxyfop-R (methyl ester), sethoxydim, oxadiargyl, bentazon, oxadiazon, and oxyfluorfen) were applied at the 3-4 leaf stages to valerian plants. This application was done to select the herbicide type and rate for post-controlling broadleaf and grasses weeds in this species. Herbicide injury, Soil-Plant Analyses Development (SPAD) reading, number of leaves per plant, stem diameter, and fresh and dry weights were determined 10, 20, and 30 days after herbicide application. Oxyfluorfen application caused the most herbicide injury followed by bentazon. Injury increased as the rate and the days after application increased. Oxadiazon only caused significant damage 30 days after application under all three rates. Other treatments showed no marked injuries under any rate or date after application, as compared with the control. Effects on other measured traits depended on the trait, herbicide, and herbicide rate. The highest SPAD, leaf number, shoot diameter, fresh weight and dry weight, was recorded under application of 30 mg a.i. ∙ kg-1soil oxadiargyl and 90 mg a.i. ∙ kg-1soil oxadiazon, 81 mg a.i. ∙ kg-1soil haloxyfop-R, 37.5 mg a.i. ∙ kg-1soil oxadiargyl, 22.5 mg a.i. ∙ kg-1soil oxadiargyl, 81 mg a.i. ∙ kg-1soil haloxyfop-R, and 81 mg a.i. ∙ kg-1soil haloxyfop-R, respectively. To sum up, the results showed that sethoxydim, oxadiargyl, and haloxyfop-R produced no significant symptoms of phytotoxicity or reduction of measured traits. This means that oxadiargyl, haloxyfop-R, and sethoxydim may be used safely for weed control of valerian at the rates used in this experiment under similar conditions.

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Bączek, Katarzyna Barbara, Olga Kosakowska, Maja Boczkowska, et al. "Intraspecific Variability of Wild-Growing Common Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.)." Plants 11, no. 24 (2022): 3455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11243455.

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Common valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is an important medicinal plant revealing sedative, hypotensive, anti-spasmodic and anxiolytic activity. The purpose of the study was to determine the intraspecific variability of the common valerian growing wild in Poland and the ‘Lubelski’ landrace, as to their developmental traits, chemical composition and selected genetic parameters. Both wild-growing populations (19) and the landrace (1) were evaluated under ex situ conditions. Observations of the underground organs parameters, both developmental and chemical (according to the European Pharmacopoeia) were carried out in the first year of the plant’s development, while the characteristics of the aboveground organs, followed by the sowing value of seeds (according to the International Seed Testing Association)—in the second year. The genetic analyses were performed using the NGS-DArT-seq method. Results indicate the presence of five different gene pools covering the regions of population’s origin, with a gene flow within and between them. A high level of developmental and chemical variabilities among the wild-growing populations was noticed, however without a clear relation to the region of the origin. The mass of underground organs ranged from 107.4 to 403.6 g FW × plant−1 with the content of sesquiterpenic acids at the level of 0.004–0.094%. Population no 18 was distinguished by the highest content of sesquiterpenic acids and the relatively high mass of underground organs, followed by the admixture of the gene pool, typical for the ‘Lubelski’ landrace. Unlike the ‘Lubelski’ landrace, the wild-growing populations were characterized by a high amount of an essential oils (3.90 to 10.04 mL/kg), which may be promising from the perspective of their potential use. In turn, the sowing value of the seeds obtained from the populations, expressed as the germinability, was rather low (25.25–62.25%).

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Shinjyo, Noriko, Guy Waddell, and Julia Green. "Valerian Root in Treating Sleep Problems and Associated Disorders—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine 25 (January 1, 2020): 2515690X2096732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515690x20967323.

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Sleep problems are widely prevalent and associated with various comorbidities including anxiety. Valerian ( Valeriana officinalis L.) is a popular herbal medicine used as a sleep aid, however the outcomes of previous clinical studies are inconsistent. This study was conducted to update and re-evaluate the available data in order to understand the reason behind the inconsistent outcomes and to provide a broader view of the use of valerian for associated disorders. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Cochrane Library were searched to retrieve publications relevant to the effectiveness of valerian as a treatment of sleep problems and associated disorders. A total of 60 studies (n=6,894) were included in this review, and meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the effectiveness to improve subjective sleep quality (10 studies, n=1,065) and to reduce anxiety (8 studies, n=535). Results suggested that inconsistent outcomes were possibly due to the variable quality of herbal extracts and that more reliable effects could be expected from the whole root/rhizome. In addition, therapeutic benefits could be optimized when it was combined with appropriate herbal partners. There were no severe adverse events associated with valerian intake in subjects aged between 7 and 80 years. In conclusion, valerian could be a safe and effective herb to promote sleep and prevent associated disorders. However, due to the presence of multiple active constituents and relatively unstable nature of some of the active constituents, it may be necessary to revise the quality control processes, including standardization methods and shelf life.

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Mulyawan, Erwin, Muhammad Ramli Ahmad, Andi Asadul Islam, Muh Nasrum Massi, Mochammad Hatta, and Syafri Kamsul Arif. "Analysis of GABRB3 gene mRNA expression and motor coordination after administration of valerian extracts (Valeriana officinalis) in BALB/c mice." F1000Research 9 (July 2, 2020): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24386.1.

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Background: Valeriana officinalis has often been used to treat sleep disorders as a traditional medicine for 2000 years. The sedative effect of valerian extract is facilitated by the GABAA receptor β3 subunit. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of valerian extract on GABRB3 gene mRNA expression and sedative effect in BALB/c mice. Methods: This is an experimental preclinical study using a posttest-only control group design. A total of 20 BALB/c mice were randomly allocated into four groups consisting of five mice each. Group I was given 5 ml of Aqua Dest (distilled water), group II was given 0.025 mg/10 g of diazepam, group III was given 2.5 mg/10 g of valerian extract, and group IV was given 5 mg/10 g of valerian extract. The drugs were administrated for seven days through a gastric gavage. The rotarod test was performed on the seventh day. A blood sample was taken on the first day before drug administration and after the rotarod test on the seventh day to be analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR. Results: GABRB3 gene mRNA expression showed a significant increase in groups II, III, and IV (p <0.0001). There was significant difference between group III and IV. The examination of motor coordination (rotarod test) showed a significant difference (p <0.05) between group I and group II, between group I and group III, and between group I and group IV. There was no significant difference between group II and both groups III and IV. Conclusions: GABRB3 gene mRNA expression was significantly increased after the administration of valerian extract. Based on the rotarod test, valerian extract and diazepam had a clinically similar sedation effect. A higher dose of valerian extract does not yield a higher level of GABRB3 gene mRNA expression nor sedative effects.

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Caruso, Giuseppe. "L’ultimo nemico di Dio. Il ruolo dell’Anticristo nel cristianesimo antico e tardoantico, a cura di Alberto D’Anna - Emanuela Valeriani." Augustinianum 55, no. 1 (2015): 285–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/agstm201555121.

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Mathela, Chandra S., Rajendra C. Padalia, and Chandan S. Chanotiya. "Kanokonyl Acetate-Rich Indian Valerian from Northwestern Himalaya." Natural Product Communications 4, no. 9 (2009): 1934578X0900400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0900400919.

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The volatile composition of rhizomes of Valeriana wallichii DC has been studied by GC, GC/MS and NMR spectroscopy. Sesquiterpenes were shown to be the main constituents (>89.3%) comprising kanokonyl acetate (42.4%), γ-curcumene (10.7%), ar-curcumene (7.2%), (Z)-β-farnesene (3.2%), xanthorrhizol (4.1%), 7-epi-α-selinene (2.2%), valeranone (2.0%) and curcuphenol (1.4%). The unique presence of kanokonyl acetate and the complete absence of the earlier reported chemotype marker constituents of Indian valerian viz. maaliol and patchouli alcohol makes the composition significant.

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Williams, Jeniffer, Yenddy Carrero, José Homero Varga, and Michael Acosta. "Capacidad pro-apoptótica in vitro de Valeriana rígida y Valeriana decussata sobre una línea celular de cáncer de mama." Investigación Clínica 63, no. 4 (2022): 376–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.54817/ic.v63n4a05.

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Cancer represents a worldwide public health problem, with high incidence and mortality rates in developed and undeveloped countries. Cur-rently, therapeutic alternatives of natural origin are being evaluated with the purpose of establishing more efficient and less invasive treatments. Apoptosis is the type of programmed death cancer cells undergo during treatment with anti-neoplastic drugs. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate in vitro the pro-apoptotic and cytotoxic capacity of valerian extracts on a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). In this study, MCF7 cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of the extracts of the root, leaves and stems of Valeriana rígida and Valeriana decussata. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR assays were used for the determi-nation of gene expression of anti- and proapoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, p53). Different concentrations of the extracts (10–8 to 10–1 mg/mL) decreased cell viability (proliferation) in a concentration-dependent manner. These extracts induced gene expression of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins but not of p53. The expres-sion of Bax was higher than that of Bcl-2, causing an elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (proapoptotic condition). In conclusion, it was determined that Valeriana de-cussata and Valeriana rígida extracts have a viability (proliferation) reducing effect on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, probably mediated by altering the ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins linked to apoptosis.

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Hassell, Richard L., Robert J. Dufault, Tyron Phillips, and Teri A. Hale. "Influence of Temperature Gradients on Pale and Purple Coneflower, Feverfew, and Valerian Germination." HortTechnology 14, no. 3 (2004): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.14.3.0368.

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Seeds of pale coneflower (Echinacea pallida), purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium), and valerian (Valeriana officinalis), classified as “old” (1-year-old seed) or “fresh” (seed crop produced in the current year), were germinated at 62, 65, 69, 72, 75, 78, 82, 85, 89, and 92 °F, (16.7, 18.3, 20.6, 22.2, 23.9, 25.6, 27.8, 29.4, 31.6, and 33.3 °C). The optimum germination temperature, defined in this study as the temperature range within which the percent germination is greatest in the shortest period of time, was determined. Old and fresh pale coneflower seed germinated optimally after 5 days at 69 °F. Old purple coneflower seed required 5 d at 78 to 82 °F, but fresh seed germinated optimally after 3 days at 75 °F. Old feverfew germinated optimally after 5 days at 65 °F, but fresh seed germinated to its optimum after 5 days at 69 °F. Old and fresh valerian seed germinated to its optimum after 3 days at 75 °F.

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Kulikov, Artem U. "Micellar LC Separation of Sesquiterpenic Acids and Their Determination in Valeriana officinalis L. Root and Extracts." Chromatography Research International 2012 (April 10, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/564243.

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A simple micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) method was developed and validated according to ICH Guidelines for the determination of sesquiterpenic acids (valerenic, hydroxyvalerenic, and acetoxyvalerenic acids) in root and rhizome extract from Valeriana officinalis L. and valerian dry hydroalcoholic extract. Samples were analyzed on Nucleosil C18 column (, 5 μm) using an isocratic mobile phase which consisted of Brij 35 (5% (w/v) aqueous solution; pH by phosphoric acid) and 1-butanol (6% (v/v)); UV detection was at 220 nm. Micellar mobile phase using allows to fully separate valerenic acids within 25 minutes. Linearity for hydroxyvalerenic, acetoxyvalerenic, and valerenic acids was 1.9–27.9, 4.2–63.0, and 6.1–91·3 μg.mL−1, and limit of detection was 0.14, 0.037, and 0.09 μg·mL−1, respectively. Intraday and interday precisions were not less than 2% for all investigated compounds. The proposed method was found to be reproducible and convenient for quantitative analysis of sesquiterpenic acids in valerian root and related preparations.

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Chernaya, E. A. "Designing an image on the plane (On the example of graphics by J. Valeriani, J. B. Piranesi, M. I. Makhaev)." Вестник гражданских инженеров 14, no. 2 (2017): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/1999-5571-2017-14-2-54-63.

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Mousavi, Seyyedeh Atefeh, Neda Dalir, Rasoul Rahnemaie, and Rainer Schulin. "Phosphate and methionine affect cadmium uptake in valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.)." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 158 (January 2021): 466–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.032.

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Verma, Ram S., Rajesh K. Verma, Rajendra C. Padalia, Amit Chauhan, Anand Singh, and Hemendra P. Singh. "Chemical Diversity in the Essential Oil of Indian Valerian (Valeriana jatamansiJones)." Chemistry & Biodiversity 8, no. 10 (2011): 1921–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.201100059.

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Kazakevych, G. "UKRAINIAN O'CONNORS: THE FAMILY OF IRISH ANCESTRY IN THE CULTURAL LIFE OF THE 19TH CENTURY UKRAINE." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 132 (2017): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2017.132.1.03.

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The article is devoted to the O'Connor family, which played a noticeable role in the Ukrainian history of the 19 – early 20th centuries. A founder of the family Alexander O'Connor leaved Ireland in the late 18th century. The author assumes that he was a military man who had to emigrate from Ireland shortly after the Irish rebellion of 1798. After some years in France, where he had changed his surname to de Connor, he and his elder son Victor arrived in Russia where Alexander Ivanovich De-Konnor joined the army. As a cavalry regiment commander, colonel De-Konnor took part in the Napoleonic wars. He married a noble Ukrainian woman Anastasia Storozhenko and settled down in her estate in the Poltava region of Ukraine. His three sons (Victor, Alexander and Valerian) had served as army commanders and then settled in Chernihiv, Poltava and Kharkiv regions respectively. Among their descendants the most notable were two daughters of Alexander De-Konnor jr – Olga and Valeria as well as Valerian De-Konnor jr. Olga De-Konnor married a famous Ukrainian composer and public figure Mykola Lysenko. As a professional opera singer, she stood at the origins of the Ukrainian national opera. Her younger sister Valeria was a Ukrainian writer, publicist and political activist who joined the government of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1917. Valerian De-Konnor jr. is well known for his research works and translations in the field of cynology.

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MUSTAFAVI, Seyed Hamid, Fariborz SHEKARI, and Hamid Hatami MALEKI. "Influence of exogenous polyamines on antioxidant defence and essential oil production in valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) plants under drought stress." Acta agriculturae Slovenica 107, no. 1 (2016): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14720/aas.2016.107.1.09.

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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of foliar application of polyamines (PAs) on antioxidant defence and essential oil production of valerian (<em>Valeriana officinalis</em> L.) grown under different drought stress treatments (100, 70, 50 and 30% available water content). This study was carried out using pots in greenhouse condition. Drought–stressed valerian seedlings were sprayed with 1 mM concentration of each putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm). The results showed that drought stress significantly affected most biochemical characteristics of valerian plants. Characteristics including leaf relative water content, chlorophyll a and b contents were decreased, while carotenoids and electrolyte leakage were increased with the increase of water stress. In this research, defensive characteristics comprising proline content, soluble sugars, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were increased followed by drought stress to ameliorate the adverse effect of it. Results revealed that foliar application of Spd and Spm provoked the antioxidant enzymes activity as well as proline accumulation in valerian which alleviate the membrane damages. Consequently, Spd and Spm increased photosynthetic pigments which act as energy supply for plant growth and production. Here, putrescine had detrimental effects on CAT activity and Chl a content. Albeit, PAs presented remarkable effects under moderate drought stress condition but it showed reverse trends in severe drought stress condition. In terms of quantity and quality yield, drought stress reduced root growth but increased the concentration of essential oils. PAs are able to alleviate water deficit-induced diminish root growth. These results suggest that in moderate drought stress, growers can use PAs to increase productivity valerian.

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Dyayiya, Nelisa, Idris Oyemitan, Reuben Matewu, et al. "CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND BIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF VALERIAN ROOT AS USED BY HERBAL PRACTITIONERS IN THE EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE,." African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 13, no. 1 (2015): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21010/ajtcam.v13i1.16.

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Background: Herbal practitioners in the Eastern Cape of South Africa use valerian root (Valeriana capensis, Valerianaceae) to manage pains, arthritis and inflammation. The herb prepared from this plant was studied to determine the chemical composition of it’s essential oil, carried out phytochemical screening and biological activities on its infusion extract as used by the herbal practitioner.  Materials and Methods: Essential oil of Valerian root was obtained by hydrodistillation and subjected to chemical analyses. Infusion extract of the Valerian root was screened to determine its secondary metabolites and the relative abundance of some major metabolites. The infusion extract was further evaluated for acute toxicity (LD50), anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in rodents.  Results: The yield of the essential oil was 0.18% w/w. The GC/MS analysis indicated the presence of 42 compounds with major ones being caryophyllene oxide (18.11%), viridiflorol (9.37%) and bornyl acetate (8.84%). Phytochemicals found in the infusion extract were alkaloids, saponins, tannins and flavonoids while quantitative screenings showed saponins and flavonoids accounted for 6.39% and 7.40% respectively. The LD50 of the extract was found to be 3808 mg/kg per oral. The infusion extract of the root (250-500 mg/kg, p.o.) caused significant (p

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Torkamani, Mohammad, Morad Jafari, Nasser Abbaspour, Reza Heidary, and Naser Safaie. "Enhanced production of valerenic acid in hairy root culture of Valeriana officinalis by elicitation." Open Life Sciences 9, no. 9 (2014): 853–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11535-014-0320-3.

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AbstractValerenic acid (VA) is a pharmacologically-active sesquiterpene found in valerian (Valeriana officinalis L., Valerianaceae) roots and rhizomes. The plant produces only small amounts of this metabolite naturally. So, induction of hairy roots as well as elicitation can be useful to increase its commercial production. In this study, Wild-type strain ‘A13’ of Agrobacterium rhizogenes was used to induce hairy roots in valerian. The influence of three different elicitors including Fusarium graminearum extract (FE), methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) on VA production in the selected hairy root line ‘LeVa-C4’ was also investigated. The 23-day-old cultures were treated with different concentrations of the elicitors at exposure time of 3 and 7 days. FE (1%) and MJ (100 µM L−1) highly promoted VA production at 7 days after elicitation, to a level of 12.31- and 6-fold higher than that of non-elicited controls, respectively, and FE did not exert any negative effects on biomass yield of hairy root. SA did not significantly increase the production of VA. This is the first time study to assess the elicitation of hairy root cultures to promote VA biosynthesis in valerian and the resulting experiments demonstrated that F. graminearum extract and MJ were indeed a potent inducer of VA biosynthesis.

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Falk, Constance L., Hildegard van Voorthuizen, Marisa M. Wall, Kathryn M. Kleitz, Steven J. Guldan, and Charles A. Martin. "Costs and Returns of Growing Selected Medicinal Herbs in New Mexico Indicate Positive Return to Land and Risk Likely." HortTechnology 9, no. 4 (1999): 681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.9.4.681.

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Cost and return estimates are presented for selected medicinal herbs grown in a plant-spacing study at two sites in New Mexico. The selected herbs were echinacea [Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench], valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.), and yerba mansa (Anemopsis californica Nutt.). Significant returns to land and risk were observed in the crops grown at the closest plant spacing, 12 inches (30 cm). Return to land and risk after two growing seasons from echinacea was estimated for a 10-acre (4-ha) farm to be $16,093/acre ($39,750/ha) in Las Cruces and $14,612/acre ($36,092/ha) in Alcalde.

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AKOUMIANAKI-IOANNIDOU, Anastasia, Zoe DALAKA, Sofia MARKOU, Dafni IOANNOU, and Nicholas K. MOUSTAKAS. "Cadmium effects on valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) morphology and Cd uptake in relation to substrate acidity/alkalinity." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 48, no. 1 (2020): 406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha48111781.

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Experiments were conducted on valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) grown under glasshouse conditions to evaluate the effect of Cadmium (Cd) on plant morphological characteristics and Cd uptake. Valerian plants were grown in pots containing a uniform mixture of either moderately acidic or slightly alkaline substrate consisting of peat and perlite (1:1 v/v) over two periods. Pots were arranged in a completely randomized block design within two groups (moderately acid substrate and slightly alkaline substrate) with four Cd treatments (0, 1, 2 and 5 mg Cd L-1) and six replications per treatment. Cadmium was applied as CdSO4*8/3H2O. No visual symptoms of toxicity or nutrient deficiency were attributed to Cd application irrespective of the growth stage or substrate in either experimental period. Cadmium did not affect the dry mass of shoots or roots. Cd concentration in both shoots and roots increased with increasing Cd application, indicating valerian to be a Cd accumulator with accumulation occurring mainly in the roots both in moderately acidic or slightly alkaline substrates. The amount of Cd extracted by Diethylene triamine penta acetic acid-triethanol amine (DTPA-TEA) increased with increasing Cd doses and significantly correlates with the Cd concentrations within the shoots and roots indicating that this extractant could be used to predict Cd concentrations within the plant parts.

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Han, Sung Hee, Hae Dun Kim, Kyungae Jo, Jung Cheul Shin, and Hyung Joo Suh. "Preparation of Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) Extract Powder and Its Sleep Potentiating Activity." Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 47, no. 2 (2018): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2018.47.2.131.

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Filipović, Vladimir, Milica Aćimović, Vladan Ugrenović, et al. "Valerian roots (Valeriana officinalis L.): Produced in autumn and spring planting date." Lekovite sirovine, no. 35 (2015): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/leksir1535131f.

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Kwon, Moonhyuk, Stephen A. Cochrane, John C. Vederas, and Dae-Kyun Ro. "Molecular cloning and characterization of drimenol synthase from valerian plant (Valeriana officinalis)." FEBS Letters 588, no. 24 (2014): 4597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2014.10.031.

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Castro P., Carlos, and Matías Tobar-González. "Nuevo registro geográfico del Gruñidor de Valeria Pristidactylus valeriae (Donoso-Barros), 1966) (Squamata, Leiosauridae) en Chile." Boletín Museo Nacional de Historia Natural 63 (December 28, 2014): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54830/bmnhn.v63.2014.126.

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Se describe una nueva localidad para el gruñidor de Valeria Pristidactylus valeriae. El registro fue realizado en la cordillera de la Costa, a los pies del cerro Curamahuí, comuna de Peumo, Región de O'Higgins. El registro refleja un gran vacío en cuanto a la información que se tiene acerca de este reptil. Este nuevo registro amplía su distribución 22 kilómetros hacia el sur, por lo que después de P. torquatus, P. valeriae se convierte en el segundo gruñidor con mayor rango de distribución del país.

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Lanje, Chetan N., Swapnil R. Patil, and AM Wankhade. "Medicinal Natural Drug of Valerian (Valerina Officinalis): An- Over Review." American Journal of PharmTech Research 10, no. 1 (2020): 148–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.46624/ajptr.2020.v10.i1.013.

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Hodzic, Elvisa, Milica Balaban, Nevena Suskalo, Semira Galijasevic, Dino Hasanagic, and Biljana Kukavica. "Antioxidative response of Melissa officinalis L. and Valeriana officinalis L. leaves exposed to exogenous melatonin and excessive zinc and cadmium level." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 84, no. 1 (2019): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc180504070h.

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Heavy metals disturb the redox homeostasis of the plant cell. The indolamine hormone, melatonin, protects plants from oxidative damage by directly scavenging reactive oxygen species or by stimulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidative role of melatonin in the leaves of two medicinal plants, lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) and valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) that were treated with increased concentrations of Zn and Cd 24 h after sowing at an open field, were investigated. The plants were treated with Zn, Cd, melatonin and a mixture of melatonin with the mentioned metals. Exogenously added melatonin increased the endogenous melatonin concentration in lemon balm leaves. However, in the valerian leaves, lower or the same endogenous melatonin level was detected. The significantly higher concentration of endogenous melatonin in both plants was measured after treatment with Zn. As the results showed, changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities are species-specific and change depending on the plant development phase, and the type of treatment. Melatonin pretreatment induced alternation in SOD isoenzyme profiles and activities as well as POD activity in both plant species treated with heavy metals.

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Boczkowska, Maja, Katarzyna Bączek, Olga Kosakowska, Anna Rucińska, Wiesław Podyma, and Zenon Węglarz. "Genome-Wide Diversity Analysis of Valeriana officinalis L. Using DArT-seq Derived SNP Markers." Agronomy 10, no. 9 (2020): 1346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091346.

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Common valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants, with a mild sedative, nervine, antispasmodic and relaxant effect. Despite a substantial number of studies on this species, the genetic diversity and population structure have not yet been analyzed. Here, we use a next-generation sequencing-based Diversity Array Technology sequencing (DArT-seq) technique to analyze Polish gene bank accessions that originated from wild populations and cultivars. The major and, also, the most astounding result of our work is the low level of observed heterozygosity of individual plants from natural populations, despite the fact that the species is widespread in the studied area. Inbreeding in naturally outcrossing species such as valerian decreases reproductive success. The analysis of the population structure showed the potential presence of a metapopulation in the central part of Poland and the formation of a distinct gene pool in the Bieszczady Mountains. The results also indicate the presence of the cultivated gene pool within wild populations in the region where the species is cultivated for the needs of the pharmaceutical industry, and this could lead to structural and genetic imbalances in wild populations.

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Ergashovich, Abdunazarov Erkin, Rajabov Bahriddin Sobirjonogli, and Mamadaliyeva Madina Vaxobjonqizi. "Ontogenetic cycles of medicina valerian (Valeriana officinalis L) under the conditions of introduction." ACADEMICIA: An International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 10, no. 5 (2020): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7137.2020.00266.9.

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Verma, Ram S., Rajendra C. Padalia, and Amit Chauhan. "Chemical Differentiation of Rhizome and Root Essential Oils of Indian Valerian (Valeriana jatamansiJones)." Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants 16, no. 6 (2013): 835–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0972060x.2013.862082.

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Das, Gitishree, Han-Seung Shin, Rosa Tundis, et al. "Plant Species of Sub-Family Valerianaceae—A Review on Its Effect on the Central Nervous System." Plants 10, no. 5 (2021): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10050846.

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Valerianaceae, the sub-family of Caprifoliaceae, contains more than 300 species of annual and perennial herbs, worldwide distributed. Several species are used for their biological properties while some are used as food. Species from the genus Valeriana have been used for their antispasmodic, relaxing, and sedative properties, which have been mainly attributed to the presence of valepotriates, borneol derivatives, and isovalerenic acid. Among this genus, the most common and employed species is Valerianaofficinalis. Although valerian has been traditionally used as a mild sedative, research results are still controversial regarding the role of the different active compounds, the herbal preparations, and the dosage used. The present review is designed to summarize and critically describe the current knowledge on the different plant species belonging to Valerianaceae, their phytochemicals, their uses in the treatment of different diseases with particular emphasis on the effects on the central nervous system. The available information on this sub-family was collected from scientific databases up until year 2020. The following electronic databases were used: PubMed, Scopus, Sci Finder, Web of Science, Science Direct, NCBI, and Google Scholar. The search terms used for this review included Valerianaceae, Valeriana, Centranthus, Fedia, Patrinia, Nardostachys, Plectritis, and Valerianella, phytochemical composition, in vivo studies, Central Nervous System, neuroprotective, antidepressant, antinociceptive, anxiolytic, anxiety, preclinical and clinical studies.

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Tariq, S. A., A. Sultan, and M. F. Khan. "EFFICACY OF SOME INDIGENOUS PLANT SMOKE AGAINST RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (L)." Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences 38, no. 2 (2022): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47432/2022.38.2.4.

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 Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the major insect pests of stored grains. Due to export legislation and zero-tolerance for live insects in trade commodities, extensive use of synthetic insecticides is in practice to eliminate pest infestations from the lots. Currently, the only acceptable chemical to be used in stored grain is phosphine but due to its excessive usage, the stored grain pests are becoming resistant to it. Hence, the discovery of alternative compounds is much needed. In this study, we have compared the repellency of different plants smoke from five commonly found plants of Pakistan, viz. neem Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae), costus Saussurea lappa (Asteraceae), turmeric Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae), sweet flag Acorus calamus (Acoraceae) and valerian Valeriana officinalis (Caprifoliaceae) against T. castaneum. After two hours of smoke, Azadirachta indica showed a maximum 75.89±2.14% repellency followed by Saussurea lappa (44.15±1.87%), Curcuma longa (43.22±2.51%), Acorus calamus (23.15±1.75%;) and Valeriana officinalis (18.40±1.40%). This is a baseline study for the management of T. castaneum, further research on this aspect is required to be investigated. The results of this study support the use of botanicals alternative to synthetic insecticides for stored product pest management.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Valeriani'

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