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Journal articles on the topic 'Valeronitrile'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Sarlea, Michael, Sabine Kohl, Nina Blickhan, and Herbert Vogel. "Valeronitrile Hydrolysis in Supercritical Water." ChemSusChem 3, no. 1 (January 25, 2010): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.200900154.

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2

Sarlea, Michael, Sabine Kohl, Nina Blickhan, and Herbert Vogel. "Homogeneous Catalysis of Valeronitrile Hydrolysis under Supercritical Conditions." ChemSusChem 5, no. 1 (December 20, 2011): 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201100443.

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3

Jiao, Yunzhe, William W. Brennessel, and William D. Jones. "Nitrile coordination to rhodium does not lead to C—H activation." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 72, no. 11 (October 5, 2016): 850–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229616006859.

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Tris(pyrazolyl)borate complexes of rhodium are well known to activate C—H bonds. The reactive [Tp′Rh(PMe3)] fragment [Tp′ is tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)hydroborate] is found to react with valeronitrile to give the κ1N-bound complex (pentanenitrile-κN)(trimethylphosphane-κP)[tris(3,5-dimethylimidazol-1-yl)hydroborato-κ2N2,N2′]rhodium(I), [Rh(C15H22BN6)(C5H9N)(C3H9P)]. In contrast to the widespread evidence for the reaction of this fragment with C—H bondsviaoxidative addition, no evidence for such a complex is observed.

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4

Butora, Gabriel, Ludvík Bláha, Miroslav Rajšner, and Ivan Helfert. "Some New Analogues of Verapamil and Mepamil. Synthesis and Basic Pharmacological Properties." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 57, no. 9 (1992): 1967–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19921967.

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Some new analogues of verapamil (Ia) and mepamil (Ib), calcium antagonists of arylalkylamine type, were synthesized and screened for cardiovascular activities. The basic structure was modified a) on the phenyl ring, attached to the quaternary carbon, b) on the alkyl group, attached to the quaternary carbon and c) on the alkylamino group, attached in position 3 to the n-propyl fragment. Except of 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-isopropyl-5-(N-methylhomoveratrylamino)valeronitrile (VIa), all the synthesized compounds exhibited lower hypotensive activity, than the mother compound, verapamil.

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5

Bakac, Andreja, and James H. Espenson. "Facile cyclization of the valeronitrile group bound to a nickel macrocycle." Journal of the American Chemical Society 108, no. 17 (August 1986): 5353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00277a055.

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6

Yang, Yi, and Yun-Ting Tsai. "Evaluation on the Photosensitivity of 2,2′-Azobis(2,4-Dimethyl)Valeronitrile with UV." Molecules 22, no. 12 (December 14, 2017): 2219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22122219.

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7

Neuhaus, Johannes, Erik von Harbou, and Hans Hasse. "Spectroscopic investigations of solutions of lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide (LiFSI) in valeronitrile." Polyhedron 183 (June 2020): 114458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2020.114458.

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8

Shvedova, Anna A., Yulia Y. Tyurina, Vladimir A. Tyurina, Yoko Kikuchi, Valerian E. Kagan, and Peter J. Quinn. "Quantitative Analysis of Phospholipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Protection in Live Human Epidermal Keratinocytes." Bioscience Reports 21, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1010430000701.

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To characterize oxidative stress in phospholipids of normal human epidermal keratinocytes we metabolically labeled their membrane phospholipids with a natural oxidation-sensitive fluorescent fatty acid, cis-parinaric acid, and exposed the cells to two different sources of oxidants–a lipid-soluble azo-initiator of peroxyl radicals, 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile), AMVN, and a superoxide generator, xanthine oxidase/xanthine. We demonstrated that both oxidants induced pronounced oxidation of four major classes of cis-parinaric acid-labeled phospholipids–phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylinositol–in normal human epidermal keratinocytes that was not detectable as any significant change of their phospholipid composition. Vitamin E was effective in protecting the cells against phospholipid peroxidation. Since viability of normal human epidermal keratinocytes was not changed either by labeling or exposure to oxidants the labeling protocol and oxidative stress employed are compatible with the quantitative analysis of phospholipid peroxidation in viable cells.

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9

Neuhaus, Johannes, Erik von Harbou, and Hans Hasse. "Physico-Chemical Properties of LiFSI Solutions I. LiFSI with Valeronitrile, Dichloromethane, 1,2-Dichloroethane, and 1,2-Dichlorobenzene." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 64, no. 3 (February 6, 2019): 868–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.8b00590.

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10

HATATE, YASUO, HIROSHI HAMADA, ATSUSHI IKARI, and FUMIYUKI NAKASHIO. "Styrene slurry polymerization within suspended droplets in water using 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile) as initiator." Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan 20, no. 6 (1987): 644–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.20.644.

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11

Neuhaus, Johannes, Erik von Harbou, and Hans Hasse. "Correction to “Physico-Chemical Properties of LiFSI Solutions I. LiFSI with Valeronitrile, Dichloromethane, 1,2-Dichloroethane, and 1,2-Dichlorobenzene”." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 64, no. 6 (May 28, 2019): 2913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.9b00395.

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12

Doubova, L. M., and S. Trasatti. "Effect of the molecular structure on the adsorption of nitriles on Ag single crystal face electrodes: iso-valeronitrile vs. acetonitrile." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 550-551 (July 2003): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0728(02)01436-5.

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13

Yang, Yi, and Yun-Ting Tsai. "Evaluation on thermal stability and kinetics of 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethyl)valeronitrile in aerobic and anaerobic conditions under isothermal process." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 132, no. 3 (February 9, 2018): 1961–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-018-6980-x.

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14

Braslavsky, S. E. "Electron-transfer reactions studied by laser-induced optoacoustics: Learning about chromophore-medium (protein) interactions." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 8 (January 1, 2003): 1031–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375081031.

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The ability of time-resolving enthalpy (ΔH) and structural volume (ΔV) changes in the nano- to µs time range offered by laser-induced optoacoustic spectroscopy (LIOAS) opens the possibility of a stepwise thermodynamic analysis of chromophore-medium interactions upon photoinduced reactions in biological systems. We applied LIOAS to biological photoreceptors, as well as to model systems, with the purpose of understanding the origin of ΔV in electron-transfer (ET) reactions in those systems. The linear correlation between the counterion-dependent volume changes and ΔH for the free-radical formation upon ET quenching of erythrosin dianion triplet, 3Er2-, by Mo(CN)84- and of Ru(bpy)32+ by MV2+ is interpreted in terms of an enthalpy–entropy compensation owing to the strong influence of the counterions on the water hydrogen-bond network in which the reactants are embedded. The relatively large entropic term determined for radical formation thus originates in water rearrangements during the process. The increasing contraction in acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, and valeronitrile for the ET quenching of 3Zn-tetraphenylporphin by 1,4-benzoquinone is understood by considering the increasing interaction strength between the electron-pair donor nitriles and ZnTPP+. Thus, in polar environments, specific chromophore-medium (solvent or proteins) interactions, in addition to electrostriction, should be considered to explain the time-resolved ΔV and ΔH values.

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15

Gaucher, Anne, Jean Ollivier, Jacqueline Marguerite, Renée Paugam, and Jacques Salaün. "Total asymmetric syntheses of (1S,2S)-norcoronamic acid, and of (1R,2R)- and (1S,2S)-coronamic acids from the diastereoselective cyclization of 2-(N-benzylideneamino)-4-chlorobutyronitriles." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 72, no. 5 (May 1, 1994): 1312–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v94-164.

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(3R)-2-(N-Benzylideneamino)-4-chloro-3-methylbutyronitrile 3, prepared from the commercially available methyl (2S)-3-hydroxy-2-methyl propionate 5 (96% ee), readily underwent potassium carbonate induced cyclization to provide, after acid hydrolysis (6 N HCl) and chromatography, the (1S,2S)-norcoronamic acid 1a with 88% diastereoselectivity and > 95% enantiomeric excess. From (2R)-2-(hydroxymethyl)butyl acetate 23 (> 88% ee) obtained by enzymatic enantioselective hydrolysis with lipase PS, was prepared the (3S)-2-(N-benzylideneamino)-3-(chloromethyl)valeronitrile 29, which after base-induced cyclization (K2CO3) and acid (6 N HCl) or basic (0.8 N NaOH) hydrolysis led to the non-natural (1R,2R)-coronamic acid 18 (> 88% ee). Also from this same acetate (2R)-23 was prepared the (3R)-3-(chloromethyl)-2-[(diphenylmethylene)amino]pentanenitrile 37, which provided the (1S,2S)-coronamic acid 17 (> 88% ee) after base-induced cyclization (K2CO3 or LDA) and acid hydrolysis (6 N HCl). It is noteworthy that these short synthetic sequences, which do not require any expensive chiral auxiliary or optically active precursors, do not alter the enantiomeric purity of the stereogenic centers of these 2,3-methanoamino acids. However, the E diastereoselectivity of these cyclizations was not improved by using bulky N-(diphenylmethylene)amino substituent, contrary to results of some molecular mechanic calculations (MAD).

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16

Takahashi, T., T. Yamaguchi, M. Shitashige, T. Okamoto, and T. Kishi. "Reduction of ubiquinone in membrane lipids by rat liver cytosol and its involvement in the cellular defence system against lipid peroxidation." Biochemical Journal 309, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 883–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3090883.

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Rat liver homogenates reduced ubiquinone (UQ)-10 to ubiquinol (UQH2)-10 in the presence of NADPH rather than NADH. This NADPH-dependent UQ reductase (NADPH-UQ reductase) activity that was not inhibited by antimycin A and rotenone, was located mainly in the cytosol fraction and its activity accounted for 68% of that of the homogenates. Furthermore, the NADPH-UQ reductase from rat liver cytosol efficiently reduced both UQ-10 incorporated into egg yolk lecithin liposomes, and native UQ-9 residing in rat microsomes, to the respective UQH2 form in the presence of NADPH. The gross redox ratios of UQH2-9/(UQ-9 + UQH2-9) in individual tissues of rat correlated positively with the log of their respective cytosolic NADPH-UQ reductase activities, while the redox ratios in every intracellular fraction from liver were at about the same level, irrespective of NADPH-UQ reductase activities in the respective fractions. The combined addition of rat liver cytosol and NADPH inhibited to a great extent 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile)-induced lipid peroxidation of UQ-10-fortified lecithin liposomes and completely inhibited such peroxidation in the liposomes in which UQH2-10 replaced UQ-10. The NADPH-UQ reductase activity was clearly separated from DT-diaphorase (EC 1.6.99.2) activity by means of Cibacron Blue-immobilized Bio-Gel A-5m chromatography. In conclusion, the NADPH-UQ reductase in cytosol, which is a novel enzyme to our knowledge, was presumed to be responsible for maintaining the steady-state redox levels of intracellular UQ and thereby to act as an endogenous antioxidant in protecting intracellular membranes from lipid peroxidation that is inevitably induced in aerobic metabolism.

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17

Kamiya, Haruna, Emiko Yanase, and Shin-ichi Nakatsuka. "Novel oxidation products of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside with 2,2′-azobis-(2,4-dimethyl)valeronitrile and evaluation of anthocyanin content and its oxidation in black rice." Food Chemistry 155 (July 2014): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.077.

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18

CHIBA, Shigetoshi, Yasuhiro OGIWARA, Yasuyuki FURUKAWA, and Kimiaki SAEGUSA. "Cardiovascular effects of a new phenoxyalkylamine derivative, 2-isopropyl-5-(3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propylamino)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)valeronitrile fumarate (HV-525), in cross-circulated dog atrial preparations." Japanese Heart Journal 28, no. 2 (1987): 261–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1536/ihj.28.261.

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19

Wallig, M. A., D. H. Gould, M. J. Fettman, and C. C. Willhite. "Comparative toxicities of the naturally occurring nitrile 1-cyano-3,4-epithiobutane and the synthetic nitrile n-valeronitrile in rats: Differences in target organs, metabolism and toxic mechanisms." Food and Chemical Toxicology 26, no. 2 (January 1988): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(88)90111-1.

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20

Kim, Sung-Hyun, Yoon-Seok Jang, Soon-Do Yoon, and Hun-Soo Byun. "High pressure phase behavior for the binary mixture of valeronitrile, capronitrile and lauronitrile in supercritical carbon dioxide at temperatures from 313.2 to 393.2K and pressures from 3.9 to 25.7MPa." Fluid Phase Equilibria 312 (December 2011): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2011.09.019.

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21

BAKAC, A., and J. H. ESPENSON. "ChemInform Abstract: Facile Cyclization of the Valeronitrile Group Bound to a Nickel Macrocycle." Chemischer Informationsdienst 17, no. 52 (December 30, 1986). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.198652253.

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22

Kim, Sanghoon, Jae Kwan Lee, Il Jung, Kyu-Ho Song, Chul Baik, Hyunbong Choi, Duckhyun Kim, et al. "Highly Efficient Solar Cells Using Organic Dyes with Amorphous Moiety." MRS Proceedings 974 (2006). http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/proc-0974-cc08-03.

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ABSTRACTNovel organic sensitizers comprising donor; electron-conducting, and anchoring groups were engineered at molecular level and synthesized. The functionalized unsymmetrical organic sensitizers 3-{5-[N,N-Bis(9,9-dimethylfluorene-2-yl)phenyl]-thiophene-2-yl}-2-cyano-acrylic acid (JK-1) and 3-{5'-[N,N-Bis(9,9-dimethylfluorene-2-yl)phenyl]-2,2'-bithiophene-5-yl}-2-cyano-acrylic acid (JK-2), upon anchoring onto TiO2 film exhibit unprecedented incident photon to current conversion efficiency 91 %. The photovoltaic data using an electrolyte having composition of 0.6M M-methyl-N-butyl imidiazolium iodide, 0.04 M iodine, 0.025 M LiI, 0.05M guanidinium thiocyanate and 0.28 M tert.butylpyridine in 15/85 (v/v) mixture of valeronitrile and acetonitrile revealed a short circuit photocurrent density of 14.0 mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage of 753 mV and a fill factor of 0.76, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 8.01 % under standard AM 1.5

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