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Journal articles on the topic 'Validation à long terme'
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Loew, Alexander, Ralf Bennartz, Frank Fell, Alessio Lattanzio, Marie Doutriaux-Boucher, and Jörg Schulz. "A database of global reference sites to support validation of satellite surface albedo datasets (SAVS 1.0)." Earth System Science Data 8, no. 2 (September 23, 2016): 425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-425-2016.
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Abstract. Validating the accuracy and long-term stability of terrestrial satellite data products necessitates a network of reference sites. This paper documents a global database of more than 2000 sites globally which have been characterized in terms of their spatial heterogeneity. The work was motivated by the need for potential validation sites for geostationary surface albedo data products, but the resulting database is useful also for other applications. The database (SAVS 1.0) is publicly available through the EUMETSAT website (http://savs.eumetsat.int/, doi:10.15770/EUM_SEC_CLM_1001). Sites can be filtered according to different criteria, providing a flexible way to identify potential validation sites for further studies and a traceable approach to characterize the heterogeneity of these reference sites. The present paper describes the detailed information on the generation of the SAVS 1.0 database and its characteristics.
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Chapman-Hilliard, Collette, Tahirah Abdullah, Ellen-ge Denton, Andrea Holman, and Germine Awad. "The Index of Race-Related Stress-Brief: Further Validation, Cross-Validation, and Item Response Theory-Based Evidence." Journal of Black Psychology 46, no. 6-7 (August 7, 2020): 550–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095798420947508.
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The Index of Race-Related Stress-Brief (IRRS-B) is one of the most widely used measures to assess race-related stress among Black Americans. Despite a long history of use in research and clinical settings, there has been limited scholarship examining the factor structure of the IRRS-B. In this study, we evaluated the item functioning and structural performance of the IRRS-B scores in a nationally recruited sample of Black Americans using item response and confirmatory factor analyses. Item-level analyses illustrated that items on the IRRS-B, in general, tended to be most informative at moderate levels of the latent construct. The proposed three-factor structure yielded a comparable fit to the data in a validation and a cross-validation subsample but did not meet recommended cutoff values for adequate model fit. Findings are discussed in terms of the implications for future use of the IRRS-B in research and clinical contexts.
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Ortiz-Andrellucchi, Adriana, Jorge Doreste-Alonso, Patricia Henríquez-Sánchez, Irene Cetin, and Lluís Serra-Majem. "Dietary assessment methods for micronutrient intake in pregnant women: a systematic review." British Journal of Nutrition 102, S1 (December 2009): S64—S86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509993151.
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The EURopean micronutrient RECommendations Aligned (EURRECA) Network of Excellence needs clear guidelines for assessing the validity of reported micronutrient intakes among vulnerable population groups. A systematic literature search identified studies validating the methodology used for measuring usual dietary intake during pregnancy. The quality of each validation study selected was assessed using a EURRECA-developed scoring system. The validation studies were categorised according to whether the study used a reference method that reflected short-term intake ( < 7 d) long-term intake ( ≥ 7 d) or used biomarkers (BM). A correlation coefficient for each micronutrient was calculated from the mean of the correlation coefficients from each study weighted by the quality of the study. Seventeen papers were selected, which included the validation of fifteen FFQ, two dietary records (DR), one diet history and a Fe intake checklist. Estimates of twenty-six micronutrients by six FFQ were validated against 24-h recalls indicating good correlation for six micronutrients. Estimates of twenty-four micronutrients by two FFQ were validated against estimated DR and all had good or acceptable correlations. Estimates of fourteen micronutrients by three FFQ were validated against weighed DR indicating good correlations for five. Six FFQ were validated against BM, presenting good correlations only for folic acid. FFQ appear to be most reliable for measuring short-term intakes of vitamins E and B6 and long-term intakes of thiamin. Apart from folic acid, BM do not add any more certainty in terms of intake method reliability. When frequency methods are used, the inclusion of dietary supplements improves their reliability for most micronutrients.
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Vinckier, F. "Cartographier le déficit motivationnel : une étude de K ?" European Psychiatry 30, S2 (November 2015): S51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.144.
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Les troubles de la motivation constituent une dimension essentielle de nombreuses pathologies psychiatriques. Ils sont associés à un handicap considérable, interfèrent avec l’observance des traitements et restent peu accessible à ceux-ci. Pourtant, les déficits motivationnels restent évalués en clinique au travers de questionnaires qui ne permettent pas de déterminer quelles sont les perturbations sous-jacentes à ces troubles au niveau neurophysiologique. L’objet de cette présentation est de montrer quel peut être l’apport d’une approche computationnelle pour identifier des cibles thérapeutiques aux niveaux cognitif et cérébral. Nous présenterons dans un premier temps un projet de batterie motivationnelle regroupant un ensemble de tests d’effort, de prise de décision ou d’apprentissage. Nous verrons comment la modélisation computationnelle du comportement dans ces tests permet d’extraire un petit nombre de variables – les K, ou paramètres libres – constituant en quelque sorte un profil motivationnel du sujet, en termes de sensibilité à la récompense, à la punition, à l’effort ou au délai. Nous verrons également comment il est d’ores et déjà possible de relier certains de ces paramètres libres à des mécanismes biologiques précis, que ce soit à l’échelle de la neuromodulation ou de régions cérébrales, et comment certains de ces tests ont pu être utilisés pour caractériser différents troubles neuropsychiatriques. Enfin, nous présenterons les premiers résultats de la validation de cette batterie dans deux maladies psychiatriques, la dépression et la schizophrénie. Nous discuterons comment cette batterie pourrait à plus long terme être utilisée pour :– cartographier, en termes de mécanismes cognitifs et de dysfonctionnement cérébraux, le déficit motivationnel à l’œuvre dans ces pathologies ;– prédire l’évolution des déficits et l’effet des différents traitement possibles ;– personnaliser la prise en charge du patient.
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Breier, Alan, Judith L. Schreiber, Janyce Dyer, and David Pickar. "Course of Illness and Predictors of Outcome in Chronic Schizophrenia: Implications for Pathophysiology." British Journal of Psychiatry 161, S18 (October 1992): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000297031.
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Two critically important areas of research are the long-term course of illness and predictors of outcome in chronic schizophrenia. Although these two areas have been actively investigated throughout the 20th century, there is still a lack of agreement about even basic features of the long-term outcome of schizophrenia as well as a lack of validating evidence for putative predictors of outcome. Determining the long-term outcome of schizophrenia has implications for the pathophysiology and public health policy of this illness. For example, a course of illness that is marked by progressive deterioration may suggest a degenerative disease process, whereas a course that remains stable or improves over time may be more consistent with non-degenerative hypotheses such as neurodevelopmental, infectious, or toxic processes. In terms of public health policy, the allocation of resources related to issues such as community-based versus hospital-based care will be heavily influenced by knowledge of the level of chronicity and impairment associated with schizophrenia throughout the lifetime of affected individuals. Validation of predictors of outcome will have immediate clinical relevance, as well as providing support for pathophysiological hypotheses.
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Min, Li, and Xu Huilan. "Comparative analysis of long-term care quality for older adults in China and Western countries." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 2 (November 4, 2019): 030006051986563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519865631.
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Objective Based on theoretical and methodological research and the results of a literature review, we evaluated and comparatively analyzed the quality of long-term care for older populations in China and in Western countries. Methods We performed a literature review, using the search terms long-term care and care services for older adults, in the databases ProQuest, CNKI, and Wanfang Data. Results Our comparative analysis demonstrated that the overall quantity of articles related to long-term care for older populations was relatively large. The literature comprises advanced accumulated experiences in terms of theoretical and methodological perspectives in developed countries. The field of long-term care is relatively young in China and we could retrieve only a few related studies. Conclusions The system of long-term care for older populations in China has much room for improvement. In addition, the evaluation criteria for long-term care quality remain controversial. Relevant research focusing on the quality of long-term care services in the country lacks comprehensive, systematic, and scientific validation, comparison, and evaluation. This topic warrants further evidence-based investigation in China.
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Fraga-Lamas, Paula, Mikel Celaya-Echarri, Leyre Azpilicueta, Peio Lopez-Iturri, Francisco Falcone, and Tiago M. Fernández-Caramés. "Design and Empirical Validation of a LoRaWAN IoT Smart Irrigation System." Proceedings 42, no. 1 (April 21, 2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-6-06540.
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In some parts of the world, climate change has led to periods of drought that require managing efficiently the scarce water and energy resources. This paper proposes an IoT smart irrigation system specifically designed for urban areas where remote IoT devices have no direct access to the Internet or to the electrical grid, and where wireless communications are difficult due to the existence of long distances and multiple obstacles. To tackle such issues, this paper proposes a LoRaWAN-based architecture that provides long distance and communications with reduced power consumption. Specifically, the proposed system consists of IoT nodes that collect sensor data and send them to local fog computing nodes or to a remote cloud, which determine an irrigation schedule that considers factors such as the weather forecast or the moist detected by nearby nodes. It is essential to deploy the IoT nodes in locations within the provided coverage range and that guarantee good speed rates and reduced energy consumption. Due to this reason, this paper describes the use of an in-house 3D-ray launching radio-planning tool to determine the best locations for IoT nodes on a real medium-scale scenario (a university campus) that was modeled with precision, including obstacles such as buildings, vegetation, or vehicles. The obtained simulation results were compared with empirical measurements to assess the operating conditions and the radio planning tool accuracy. Thus, it is possible to optimize the wireless network topology and the overall performance of the network in terms of coverage, cost, and energy consumption.
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Biffi, E., D. Ghezzi, A. Pedrocchi, and G. Ferrigno. "Development and Validation of a Spike Detection and Classification Algorithm Aimed at Implementation on Hardware Devices." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2010 (2010): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/659050.
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Neurons cultured in vitro on MicroElectrode Array (MEA) devices connect to each other, forming a network. To study electrophysiological activity and long term plasticity effects, long period recording and spike sorter methods are needed. Therefore, on-line and real time analysis, optimization of memory use and data transmission rate improvement become necessary. We developed an algorithm for amplitude-threshold spikes detection, whose performances were verified with (a) statistical analysis on both simulated and real signal and (b) Big O Notation. Moreover, we developed a PCA-hierarchical classifier, evaluated on simulated and real signal. Finally we proposed a spike detection hardware design on FPGA, whose feasibility was verified in terms of CLBs number, memory occupation and temporal requirements; once realized, it will be able to execute on-line detection and real time waveform analysis, reducing data storage problems.
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Luo, Lingyun, Jingtao Feng, Huijun Yu, and Jiaolong Wang. "Automatic Structuring of Ontology Terms Based on Lexical Granularity and Machine Learning: Algorithm Development and Validation." JMIR Medical Informatics 8, no. 11 (November 25, 2020): e22333. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22333.
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Background As the manual creation and maintenance of biomedical ontologies are labor-intensive, automatic aids are desirable in the lifecycle of ontology development. Objective Provided with a set of concept names in the Foundational Model of Anatomy (FMA), we propose an innovative method for automatically generating the taxonomy and the partonomy structures among them, respectively. Methods Our approach comprises 2 main tasks: The first task is predicting the direct relation between 2 given concept names by utilizing word embedding methods and training 2 machine learning models, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Bidirectional Long Short-term Memory Networks (Bi-LSTM). The second task is the introduction of an original granularity-based method to identify the semantic structures among a group of given concept names by leveraging these trained models. Results Results show that both CNN and Bi-LSTM perform well on the first task, with F1 measures above 0.91. For the second task, our approach achieves an average F1 measure of 0.79 on 100 case studies in the FMA using Bi-LSTM, which outperforms the primitive pairwise-based method. Conclusions We have investigated an automatic way of predicting a hierarchical relationship between 2 concept names; based on this, we have further invented a methodology to structure a group of concept names automatically. This study is an initial investigation that will shed light on further work on the automatic creation and enrichment of biomedical ontologies.
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Casas-Bocanegra, Diego, Daniel Gomez-Vargas, Maria J. Pinto-Bernal, Juan Maldonado, Marcela Munera, Adriana Villa-Moreno, Martin F. Stoelen, Tony Belpaeme, and Carlos A. Cifuentes. "An Open-Source Social Robot Based on Compliant Soft Robotics for Therapy with Children with ASD." Actuators 9, no. 3 (September 20, 2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act9030091.
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Therapy with robotic tools is a promising way to help improve verbal and nonverbal communication in children. The robotic tools are able to increase aspects such as eye contact and the ability to follow instructions and to empathize with others. This work presents the design methodology, development, and experimental validation of a novel social robot based on CompliAnt SofT Robotics called the CASTOR robot, which intends to be used as an open-source platform for the long-term therapy of children with autism spectrum disorder (CwASD). CASTOR integrates the concepts of soft actuators and compliant mechanisms to create a replicable robotic platform aimed at real therapy scenarios involving physical interaction between the children and the robot. The validation shows promising results in terms of robustness and the safety of the user and robot. Likewise, mechanical tests assess the robot’s response to blocking conditions for two critical modules (i.e., neck and arm) in interaction scenarios. Future works should focus on the validation of the robot’s effectiveness in the therapy of CwASD.
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Fraga-Lamas, Paula, Mikel Celaya-Echarri, Peio Lopez-Iturri, Tiago Fernández-Caramés, Leyre Azpilicueta, Erik Aguirre, Manuel Suárez-Albela, Francisco Falcone, and Luis Castedo. "Analysis, Design and Empirical Validation of a Smart Campus Based on LoRaWAN." Proceedings 4, no. 1 (November 14, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-5-05740.
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Internet of Things (IoT) applications for smart environments demand challenging requirements for wireless networks in terms of security, coverage, availability, power consumption, and scalability. The technologies employed so far to cope with IoT scenarios are not yet able to manage simultaneously all these demanding requirements, but recent solutions like Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) have emerged as a promising alternative to provide low-cost and low-power consumption connectivity to nodes spread throughout a wide area. Specifically, the Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) standard is one of the most recent developments, receiving attention from both industry and academia. This work presents a comprehensive case study on the use of LoRaWAN under a realistic scenario within a smart city: a smart campus. Such a medium-scale scenario has been implemented through an in-house-developed 3D ray launching radio planning simulator that takes into consideration traffic lights, vehicles, people, buildings, urban fixtures, and vegetation. The developed tool is able to provide accurate radio propagation estimations within the smart campus scenario in terms of coverage, capacity, and energy efficiency of the network. These results are compared with an empirical validation in order to assess the operating conditions and the system accuracy. Moreover, the presented results provide some guidelines for IoT vendors, network operators, and city planners to investigate further deployments of LoRaWAN for other medium-scale smart city applications.
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Andersson, Jenny, and Pauline Prat. "Gouverner le « long terme »." Gouvernement et action publique N° 3, no. 3 (2015): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/gap.153.0009.
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Landry, JS, D. Croitoru, and D. Menzies. "Validation des codes de diagnostic de la CIM-9 pour la dysplasie bronchopulmonaire dans les bases de données de la Régie de l'assurance-maladie du Québec." Maladies chroniques et blessures au Canada 33, no. 1 (December 2012): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.33.1.06f.
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Introduction La dysplasie bronchopulmonaire (DBP) est une maladie respiratoire chronique causée par une lésion pulmonaire néonatale. Cette étude a pour objet de valider l'utilisation des codes de diagnostic de la CIM-9 correspondant à la DBP dans les bases de données administratives pour déterminer s'ils peuvent être employés dans les analyses sur l'utilisation du système de soins de santé. Méthodologie Le processus de validation a fait appel à une cohorte rétrospective composée de nouveau-nés prématurés, ayant présenté ou non des complications respiratoires, qui avaient été admis à l'Hôpital de Montréal pour enfants, à Montréal (Québec), entre 1983 et 1992. Les sujets atteints de DBP ont été identifiés au moyen des codes de diagnostic de la CIM-9 dans les bases de données administratives provinciales (services médicaux et MED-ECHO), puis comparés à des sujets atteints d'une DBP confirmée dans la cohorte de validation. Nous avons examiné la concordance des données et avons estimé la sensibilité et la spécificité associées à l'utilisation de ces codes de diagnostic pour la DBP. Résultats Les cas dits « vrais positifs » de DBP et les cas dits « faux négatifs » de DBP ne présentaient pas de différences significatives selon l'âge gestationnel, le poids à la naissance et le score d'Apgar. L'âge gestationnel associé aux cas dits « faux positifs » de DBP était considérablement inférieur à celui des vrais négatifs. L'utilisation de codes de diagnostic de la CIM-9 pour la DBP a été associée à une spécificité se situant entre 97,6 % et 98,0 %. La sensibilité, plus faible, se situait à 45,0 % et à 52,4 % pour les bases de données sur les services médicaux et MED-ECHO, respectivement. Il est arrivé plus fréquemment que les cas légers de DBP ne soient pas décelés que les cas plus graves. Conclusion Le degré de spécificité des codes de diagnostic de la CIM-9 pour la DBP dans les bases de données de la Régie de l'assurance-maladie du Québec est suffisamment élevé pour permettre l'utilisation de ces codes de façon systématique. La sensibilité plus faible en ce qui concerne les cas légers se soldera probablement par une sous-estimation des répercussions de la DBP sur l'utilisation à long terme du système de soins de santé par les nouveau-nés prématurés.
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Jorm, A. F. "A short form of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE): development and cross-validation." Psychological Medicine 24, no. 1 (February 1994): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170002691x.
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SynopsisData from four studies were used to assess the psychometric properties of the 26 IQCODE items. The items were assessed in terms of item–total correlations, test–retest reliabilities, correlations with indicators of current cognitive functioning and correlations with indicators of pre-morbid cognitive functioning. These data were used to develop a 16-item short form. The short form was cross-validated in a new sample using dementia/delirium diagnosis as the validity standard. It was found to perform as well as the long form.
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Redmond, John A., Diann Brei, Jonathan Luntz, Alan L. Browne, and Nancy L. Johnson. "Spool-packaging of shape memory alloy actuators: Performance model and experimental validation." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 23, no. 2 (January 2012): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x11431742.
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Shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators in the wire form are attractive because of their simplistic architecture and electrical operation, and their manufacturability at high yields and low cost. While SMA actuators are known for their superior work density among smart materials, packaging long lengths of SMA wire needed for moderate to large motions is an ongoing technical challenge. This article investigates spooling as a packaging approach to provide more compact actuator footprints. An analytical, quasi-static model is derived to provide a foundational tool for the analysis and synthesis of spool-packaged SMA wire actuators. The model predicts motion with respect to a generalized architecture, and specifiable geometric, material, and loading parameters. The model prediction accounts for the effects of local friction loss and bending strains, and for a “binding” limitation due to accumulated friction. An experimental validation study demonstrates the model’s ability to predict actuator motion well in terms of form and magnitude with respect to load and packaging geometry. This model provides a basis for a systematic application of spooled-packaging techniques to overcome packaging limitations of SMA, positioning SMA wire actuators as a viable alternative in many applications.
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Bélanger, M., N. El-Jabi, D. Caissie, F. Ashkar, and J. M. Ribi. "Estimation de la température de l'eau de rivière en utilisant les réseaux de neurones et la régression linéaire multiple." Revue des sciences de l'eau 18, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 403–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705565ar.
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La température de l'eau en rivière est un paramètre ayant une importance majeure pour la vie aquatique. Les séries temporelles décrivant ce paramètre thermique existent, mais elles sont moins nombreuses et souvent courtes, ou comptent parfois des valeurs manquantes. Cette étude présente la modélisation de la température de l'eau en utilisant des réseaux de neurones et la régression linéaire multiple pour relier la température de l'eau à celle de l'air et le débit du ruisseau Catamaran, situé au Nouveau-Brunswick, Canada. Une recherche multidisciplinaire à long terme se déroule présentement sur ce site. Les données utilisées sont de 1991 à 2000 et comprennent la température de l'air de la journée en cours, de la veille et de l'avant-veille, le débit ainsi que le temps transformé en série trigonométrique. Les données de 1991 à 1995 ont été utilisées pour l'entraînement ou la calibration du modèle tandis que les données de 1996 à 2000 ont été utilisées pour la validation du modèle. Les coefficients de détermination obtenus pour l'entraînement sont de 94,2 % pour les réseaux de neurones et de 92,6 % pour la régression linéaire multiple, ce qui donne un écart-type des erreurs de 1,01 C pour les réseaux de neurones et de 1,05 C pour la régression linéaire multiple. Pour la validation, les coefficients de détermination sont de 92,2 % pour les réseaux de neurones et de 91,6 % pour la régression linéaire multiple, ce qui se traduit en un écart-type des erreurs de 1,10 C pour les réseaux de neurones et de 1,25 C pour la régression linéaire multiple. Durant la période d'étude (1991-2000), le biais a été calculé à +0,11 C pour le modèle de réseaux de neurones et à -0,26 °C pour le modèle de régression. Ces résultats permettent de conclure qu'il est possible de prévoir la température de l'eau de petits cours d'eau en utilisant la température de l'air et le débit, aussi bien avec les réseaux de neurones qu'avec la régression linéaire multiple. Les réseaux de neurones semblent donner un ajustement aux données légèrement meilleur que celui offert par la régression linéaire multiple, toutefois ces deux approches de modélisation démontrent une bonne performance pour la prédiction de la température de l'eau en rivière.
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Strom, William, and Harold Faw. "Worldview Orientations in Close Relationships: Development and Initial Validation of the Contract-Covenant Continuum." Journal of Psychology and Theology 45, no. 3 (September 2017): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164711704500301.
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Christian approaches to close relationships in North America have been understood in covenantal terms between married persons, dating couples, and close friends, and have been contrasted with contractual or ego-based ones. Covenantal approaches value the dyad, interdependence, faith community involvement, and communication strategies to engender long-term commitment whereas contractual approaches value self, independence, negotiation for personal needs, and freedom to exit relationships when costs outweigh benefits. The authors gathered survey data among 713 subjects over three studies in order to develop a 22-item scale to measure covenantal and contractual worldview dimensions in close relationships. Scale items were examined for inter-item reliability, factor structure, evidence for construct validity, and predictive power of relational satisfaction. The resulting Contract-Covenant Continuum showed good reliability and multi-dimensionality. Evidence was also gathered to support concurrent, construct, and criterion validity as well as the scale's capacity to predict relational satisfaction and equity.
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Iguchi, Kohta, Etsuro Hatano, Kenya Yamanaka, Shiro Tanaka, Kojiro Taura, and Shinji Uemoto. "Validation of the Conventional Resection Criteria in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Terms of the Incidence of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure and Long-Term Prognosis." Digestive Surgery 32, no. 5 (2015): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000431189.
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Background/Aims: Resection criteria in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) should be established based on the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and the survival benefit from hepatectomy. This study aimed at verifying the validity of the conventional criteria regarding the incidence of PHLF and the long-term prognosis of HCC patients. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 265 patients who underwent major hepatectomy. Makuuchi's criteria and the future liver remnant plasma clearance rate of indocyanine green (ICGK-rem) ≥0.05 criterion were evaluated. Results: A total of 107 and 158 patients were within and beyond Makuuchi's criteria, respectively. Makuuchi's criteria were associated with the incidence of PHLF (p = 0.03) but not with its severity (p = 0.12). No differences in disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) were observed between the groups (p = 0.75 and p = 0.94, respectively). Using the ICGK-rem ≥0.05 criterion, 223 and 42 patients were within and beyond the criterion, respectively. ICGK-rem was correlated with both the incidence of PHLF (p = 0.002) and its severity (p = 0.03). No differences in DFS or OS were observed between the groups (p = 0.75 and p = 0.29, respectively). Conclusions: Strict criteria are likely to preclude some patients from obtaining the greater survival benefits of hepatectomy. New criteria that consider patient prognosis are needed.
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Kombo, Omar Haji, Santhi Kumaran, Yahya H. Sheikh, Alastair Bovim, and Kayalvizhi Jayavel. "Long-Term Groundwater Level Prediction Model Based on Hybrid KNN-RF Technique." Hydrology 7, no. 3 (August 18, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030059.
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Reliable seasonal prediction of groundwater levels is not always possible when the quality and the amount of available on-site groundwater data are limited. In the present work, a hybrid K-Nearest Neighbor-Random Forest (KNN-RF) is used for the prediction of variations in groundwater levels (L) of an aquifer with the groundwater relatively close to the surface (<10 m) is proposed. First, the time-series smoothing methods are applied to improve the quality of groundwater data. Then, the ensemble K-Nearest Neighbor-Random Forest (KNN-RF) model is treated using hydro-climatic data for the prediction of variations in the levels of the groundwater tables up to three months ahead. Climatic and groundwater data collected from eastern Rwanda were used for validation of the model on a rolling window basis. Potential predictors were: the observed daily mean temperature (T), precipitation (P), and daily maximum solar radiation (S). Previous day’s precipitation P (t − 1), solar radiation S (t), temperature T (t), and groundwater level L (t) showed the highest variation in the fluctuations of the groundwater tables. The KNN-RF model presents its results in an intelligible manner. Experimental results have confirmed the high performance of the proposed model in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), Nash–Sutcliffe (NSE), and coefficient of determination (R2).
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Chun, Douglas, Zhen Zhang, Eric Cohen, Liviu Florea, and Omer F. Genc. "Long-term orientation and the passage of time: Is it time to revisit Hofstede’s cultural dimensions?" International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 353–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14705958211026342.
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Hofstede’s cultural dimensions are one of the most commonly referenced cultural models in the literature, but it has also been criticized for its inflexibility in terms of allowing for cultural changes over time. In this study, we focus on one salient dimension of national culture, long-term orientation (LTO), to investigate cultural change over time. Using the LTO scale developed by Bearden et al. ((2006) A measure of long-term orientation: development and validation. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 34(3): 456–67), we conducted a survey in Brazil, China, Colombia, India, Portugal, Romania, Spain, and Turkey, and collected 1,452 valid responses. Our study provided new evidence on LTO national ranking and cultural change. We found the countries surveyed no longer appear to be in the same relative positions as when Hofstede first published his results in the 1980s, or his more recent results based on data from the World Value Survey (WVS). Implications for practitioners, academics, and students in the cross-cultural management field are discussed.
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HARVEY, Julien. "Le rapport Dumont, à court terme et à long terme." Sociologie et sociétés 22, no. 2 (September 30, 2002): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001336ar.
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Résumé Le rapport de la Commission d'enquête sur les laïcs et l'Église (Rapport Dumont, 1971 ) est situé dans le contexte des enquêtes suscitées par le changement profond du Québec au moment de la Révolution tranquille. On décrit son contenu, on évalue son impact immédiat, ses difficultés de réalisation après 10 ans et enfin ses traces durables dans la réalité actuelle de l'Église du Québec.
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Castanet, Claire. "Finance, entreprise et long terme." Annales des Mines - Réalités industrielles Novembre 2019, no. 4 (2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rindu1.194.0076.
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Garcia-Méric, P. "Devenir neurodéveloppemental à long terme." EMC - Pédiatrie - Maladies infectieuses 6, no. 4 (January 2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1637-5017(11)72502-9.
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Aubrecht, Katie. "Work of Art, Art of Work: Artistic Literacy and Quality in Long-Term Dementia Care." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.303.
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Abstract This paper shares results from a thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006) of semi-structured interviews with a purposive snowball sample of 15 leaders in dementia arts education and praxis from Canada, the United States and United Kingdom. Interviews were conducted as part of a multi-phased collaborative, interdisciplinary arts-informed research project that aimed to operationalize quality mental health and dementia care in long-term care (LTC) from a relational perspective, with a focus on LTC staff literacy. Artistic literacy that is cultivated through creative arts-making and public exhibiting was described by participants as crucial to supporting and promoting quality within long-term care. Quality was imagined as a work of art and operationalized in terms of artist competencies, capacities and conditions. Artists included LTC staff, residents and their family and friends. Our analysis identified five themes related to artistic literacy: space-making, validation, fostering community, means of engagement, vulnerability and resilience. Drawing on cultural sociology (Bourdieu, 1993, 1984) and aging studies theory (Basting, 2018), we consider and discuss the role of the arts in disrupting unexamined assumptions about quality in LTC and advancing innovation in LTC staff mental health and dementia care.
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Boorsma, Koen, Florian Wenz, Koert Lindenburg, Mansoor Aman, and Menno Kloosterman. "Validation and accommodation of vortex wake codes for wind turbine design load calculations." Wind Energy Science 5, no. 2 (June 11, 2020): 699–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wes-5-699-2020.
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Abstract. The computational effort for wind turbine design load calculations is more extreme than it is for other applications (e.g., aerospace), which necessitates the use of efficient but low-fidelity models. Traditionally the blade element momentum (BEM) method is used to resolve the rotor aerodynamic loads for this purpose, as this method is fast and robust. With the current trend of increasing rotor size, and consequently large and flexible blades, a need has risen for a more accurate prediction of rotor aerodynamics. Previous work has demonstrated large improvement potential in terms of fatigue load predictions using vortex wake models together with a manageable penalty in computational effort. The present publication has contributed towards making vortex wake models ready for application to certification load calculations. The observed reduction in flapwise blade root moment fatigue loading using vortex wake models instead of the blade element momentum (BEM) method from previous publications has been verified using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. A validation effort against a long-term field measurement campaign featuring 2.5 MW turbines has also confirmed the improved prediction of unsteady load characteristics by vortex wake models against BEM-based models in terms of fatigue loading. New light has been shed on the cause for the observed differences and several model improvements have been developed, both to reduce the computational effort of vortex wake simulations and to make BEM models more accurate. Scoping analyses for an entire fatigue load set have revealed the overall fatigue reduction may be up to 5 % for the AVATAR 10 MW rotor using a vortex wake rather than a BEM-based code.
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Lafranche, E., A. Coulon, P. Krawczak, JP Ciolczyk, and E. Gamache. "A microstructural approach for modelling flexural properties of long glass fibre reinforced polyamide6.6." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 1 (July 28, 2016): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316637664.
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This paper focuses on the development and the validation of flexural modulus and flexural strength predictive models of long glass fibre reinforced polyamide 6.6 (PA66). Based on previous injection moulding optimization of 40 wt% long glass fibre PA66, a microstructure analysis was investigated on glass fibre reinforced PA66 by varying the parameters of the material (fibre length, fibre content, fibre diameter). In a first phase, analytical models established within the framework of the processing condition limits previously determined have been elaborated. These models lead to a good experimental/calculation correlation but remain limited to a mould and part design. In a second phase the flexural modulus and maximal flexural stress have been then estimated from structural models based on a five layer morphological description of the composites (local residual fibre length, local fibre content and fibre orientations). The long glass fibre PA66 composites were characterized in terms of fibre content distribution model and fibre orientation model through the part thickness. The experimental/model correlation was achieved whatever the process variability is (mould, material and processing conditions) both for the flexural modulus or flexural strength. The models have been then validated with an industrial part. Finally, a correlation between the two studied properties has been revealed depending on the nature of the composite matrix (PA66, PA6 or PP).
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MORON, A., and D. COZZOLINO. "Determination of potentially mineralizable nitrogen and nitrogen in particulate organic matter fractions in soil by visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy." Journal of Agricultural Science 142, no. 3 (June 2004): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859604004290.
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Visible (VIS) and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with multivariate data analysis was used to predict potentially mineralizable nitrogen (PMN) and nitrogen in particulate organic matter fractions (PSOM-N). Soil samples from a long-term experiment (n=24) as well as soils under commercial management (n=160) in Uruguay (South America) were analysed. Samples were scanned in a NIRS 6500 monochromator instrument by reflectance (400–2500 nm). Modified partial least square regression (MPLS) and cross validation were used to develop the calibration models between NIRS data and reference values. NIRS calibration models gave a coefficient of determination for the calibration (R2CAL)>0·80 and the standard deviation of reference data to standard error in cross validation (RPD) ratio ranging from 2 to 5·5 for the variables evaluated. The results obtained in the study showed that NIRS could have the potential to determine PMN and PSOM-N fractions in soils under different agronomic conditions. However, the relatively limited number of samples led us to be cautious in terms of conclusions and to extend the results of this work to similar conditions.
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Alferes, J., J. L. García-Heras, E. Roca, C. García, and I. Irizar. "Integration of equalisation tanks within control strategies for anaerobic reactors. Validation based on ADM1 simulations." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 5 (April 1, 2008): 747–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.104.
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The combination of equalisation tanks and anaerobic digesters represents a typical design scenario within the treatment of industrial wastewaters. In this context, if the hydraulic capacity of the equalisation tanks is effectively handled, significant improvements in the performance of anaerobic digesters can be achieved in terms of process stability and biogas production. This paper presents a rule-based control strategy for anaerobic reactors with the objective of maximising in the long-term the net production of biogas. The control algorithm combines real-time information about the state of the anaerobic digester with on-line measurements about the wastewater volume of the equalisation tank in order to set permanently the appropriate production of biogas. Such a strategy guarantees a continuous influent flow so that emptying and overflowing episodes in the equalisation tank can be prevented. Aiming at a further full-scale implementation, only reliable and cost-effective on-line instrumentation has been considered within the control architecture. The performance of the proposed control approach has been validated for an anaerobic hybrid configuration (AHR) by simulation using the IWA ADM1 model.
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Cornilleau, Gérard, Cyrille Hagneré, and Bruno Ventelou. "Assurance maladie : soins de court terme et traitement à long terme." Revue de l'OFCE 91, no. 4 (2004): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reof.091.0269.
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Jourdan, Théo, Noëlie Debs, and Carole Frindel. "The Contribution of Machine Learning in the Validation of Commercial Wearable Sensors for Gait Monitoring in Patients: A Systematic Review." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 14, 2021): 4808. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144808.
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Gait, balance, and coordination are important in the development of chronic disease, but the ability to accurately assess these in the daily lives of patients may be limited by traditional biased assessment tools. Wearable sensors offer the possibility of minimizing the main limitations of traditional assessment tools by generating quantitative data on a regular basis, which can greatly improve the home monitoring of patients. However, these commercial sensors must be validated in this context with rigorous validation methods. This scoping review summarizes the state-of-the-art between 2010 and 2020 in terms of the use of commercial wearable devices for gait monitoring in patients. For this specific period, 10 databases were searched and 564 records were retrieved from the associated search. This scoping review included 70 studies investigating one or more wearable sensors used to automatically track patient gait in the field. The majority of studies (95%) utilized accelerometers either by itself (N = 17 of 70) or embedded into a device (N = 57 of 70) and/or gyroscopes (51%) to automatically monitor gait via wearable sensors. All of the studies (N = 70) used one or more validation methods in which “ground truth” data were reported. Regarding the validation of wearable sensors, studies using machine learning have become more numerous since 2010, at 17% of included studies. This scoping review highlights the current state of the ability of commercial sensors to enhance traditional methods of gait assessment by passively monitoring gait in daily life, over long periods of time, and with minimal user interaction. Considering our review of the last 10 years in this field, machine learning approaches are algorithms to be considered for the future. These are in fact data-based approaches which, as long as the data collected are numerous, annotated, and representative, allow for the training of an effective model. In this context, commercial wearable sensors allowing for increased data collection and good patient adherence through efforts of miniaturization, energy consumption, and comfort will contribute to its future success.
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Liu, Duanyang, Kun Jia, Xiangqin Wei, Mu Xia, Xiwang Zhang, Yunjun Yao, Xiaotong Zhang, and Bing Wang. "Spatiotemporal Comparison and Validation of Three Global-Scale Fractional Vegetation Cover Products." Remote Sensing 11, no. 21 (October 29, 2019): 2524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11212524.
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Fractional vegetation cover (FVC) is an important parameter for many environmental and ecological models. Large-scale and long-term FVC products are critical for various applications. Currently, several global-scale FVC products have been generated with remote sensing data, such as VGT bioGEOphysical product Version 2 (GEOV2), PROBA-V bioGEOphysical product Version 3 (GEOV3) and Global LAnd Surface Satellite (GLASS) FVC products. However, studies comparing and validating these global-scale FVC products are rare. Therefore, in this study, the performances of three global-scale time series FVC products, including the GEOV2, GEOV3, and GLASS FVC products, are investigated to assess their spatial and temporal consistencies. Furthermore, reference FVC data generated from high-spatial-resolution data are used to directly evaluate the accuracy of these FVC products. The results show that these three FVC products achieve general agreements in terms of spatiotemporal consistencies over most regions. In addition, the GLASS and GEOV2 FVC products have reliable spatial and temporal completeness, whereas the GEOV3 FVC product contains much missing data over high-latitude regions, especially during wintertime. Furthermore, the GEOV3 FVC product presents higher FVC values than GEOV2 and GLASS FVC products over the equator. The main differences between the GEOV2 and GLASS FVC products occur over deciduous forests, for which the GLASS product presents slightly higher FVC values than the GEOV2 product during wintertime. Finally, temporal profiles of the GEOV2 and GLASS FVC products show better consistency than the GEOV3 FVC product, and the GLASS FVC product presents more reliable accuracy (R2 = 0.7878, RMSE = 0.1212) compared with the GEOV2 (R2 = 0.5798, RMSE = 0.1921) and GEOV3 (R2 = 0.7744, RMSE = 0.2224) FVC products over these reference FVC data.
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Wu, Zuhang, Yun Zhang, Lifeng Zhang, Xiaolong Hao, Hengchi Lei, and Hepeng Zheng. "Validation of GPM Precipitation Products by Comparison with Ground-Based Parsivel Disdrometers over Jianghuai Region." Water 11, no. 6 (June 16, 2019): 1260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11061260.
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In this study, we evaluated the performance of rain-retrieval algorithms for the Version 6 Global Precipitation Measurement Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (GPM DPR) products, against disdrometer observations and improved their retrieval algorithms by using a revised shape parameter µ derived from long-term Particle Size Velocity (Parsivel) disdrometer observations in Jianghuai region from 2014 to 2018. To obtain the optimized shape parameter, raindrop size distribution (DSD) characteristics of summer and winter seasons over Jianghuai region are analyzed, in terms of six rain rate classes and two rain categories (convective and stratiform). The results suggest that the GPM DPR may have better performance for winter rain than summer rain over Jianghuai region with biases of 40% (80%) in winter (summer). The retrieval errors of rain category-based µ (3–5%) were proved to be the smallest in comparison with rain rate-based µ (11–13%) or a constant µ (20–22%) in rain-retrieval algorithms, with a possible application to rainfall estimations over Jianghuai region. Empirical Dm–Ze and Nw–Dm relationships were also derived preliminarily to improve the GPM rainfall estimates over Jianghuai region.
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Týcová, Irena, Sylvie Dusilová Sulková, Jitka Štěpánková, Zdeněk Krejčík, Michaela Dostálová Merkerová, Viktor Stránecký, Petra Hrubá, et al. "Molecular patterns of diffuse and nodular parathyroid hyperplasia in long-term hemodialysis." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 311, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): E720—E729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00517.2015.
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Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a well-known complication of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Both nodular and diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia occur in ESRD patients. However, their distinct molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Parathyroid tissue obtained from ESRD patients who had undergone parathyroidectomy was used for Illumina transcriptome screening and subsequently for discriminatory gene analysis, pathway mapping, and gene annotation enrichment analysis. Results were further validated using quantitative RT-PCR on the independent larger cohort. Microarray screening proved homogeneity of gene transcripts in hemodialysis patients compared with the transplant cohort and primary hyperparathyroidism; therefore, further experiments were performed in hemodialysis patients only. Enrichment analysis conducted on 485 differentially expressed genes between nodular and diffuse parathyroid hyperplasia revealed highly significant differences in Gene Ontology terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database in ribosome structure ( P = 3.70 × 10−18). Next, quantitative RT-PCR validation of the top differently expressed genes from microarray analysis proved higher expression of RAN guanine nucleotide release factor (RANGRF; P < 0.001), calcyclin-binding protein ( CACYBP; P < 0.05), and exocyst complex component 8 ( EXOC8; P < 0.05) and lower expression of peptidylprolyl cis/ trans-isomerase and NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1; P < 0.01) mRNA in nodular hyperplasia. Multivariate analysis revealed higher RANGRF and lower PIN1 expression along with parathyroid weight to be associated with nodular hyperplasia. In conclusion, our study suggests the RANGRF transcript, which controls RNA metabolism, to be likely involved in pathways associated with the switch to nodular parathyroid growth. This transcript, along with PIN1 transcript, which influences parathyroid hormone secretion, may represent new therapeutical targets to cure secondary hyperparathyroidism.
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Mansbach, William, and Ryan Mace. "The Columbia Behavior Scale for Dementia: Validity and Reliability in Long-Term Care Settings." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.598.
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Abstract Numerous neuropsychiatric inventories have been created for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). These inventories are seldom used in long-term care (LTC) settings due to questionable psychometrics, lengthy administration, and reliance on knowledgeable informants. The Columbia Behavior Scale for Dementia (CBS) is a rapidly administered BPSD rating tool that was developed for LTC residents. The 11-item CBS can be completed in less <5 minutes independently, with nursing staff, or in conjunction with interdisciplinary care teams. LTC residents (N = 350) participated in a validation study in Maryland, USA (M age = 78.38, SD = 10.82). Internal consistency (⍺ = 0.75) and inter-rater reliability (r = 0.99) for the CBS were strong. CBS scores were not biased by informant type (p > 0.05): GNAs/CNSs (40.69%), nurses (36.10%), other facility staff (23.21%). Diagnostic validity was confirmed by significantly higher CBS scores (p < 0.001; large effect, d = .63) for LTC residents with dementia (n = 197, M = 4.63, SD = 4.58) versus those without dementia (n = 145, M = 2.17, SD = 2.87). Higher CBS scores were significantly associated with greater impairment on cognitive instruments (r range = -0.25, -.36) and increased mood dysfunction (r range = 0.20, 0.26), indicating convergent validity. Principal components analysis produced three CBS factors, psychosis, aggression, and non-aggressive motor disinhibition, which significantly identified LTC residents with greater odds for antipsychotic use. Results will be discussed in terms of right-sizing antipsychotic utilization, improving nonpharmacological behavior management, and enhancing the dementia literacy of nursing staff.
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Bulut, Mehmet, Ömer Cihan, and İlker Temizer. "Fatigue Life and Stress Analysis of the Crankshaft of a Single Cylinder Diesel Engine under Variable Forces and Speeds." Materials Testing 63, no. 8 (August 1, 2021): 770–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-2020-0122.
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Abstract In this paper, a single cylinder crankshaft manufactured with C45 steel was used to investigate variation in stress, deformation, and fatigue life and safety factor at critical locations of the crankshaft. For this purpose, numerical analyses using ANSYS/Workbench software were performed under different operating conditions. Additionally, low cycle fatigue analyses were conducted experimentally for the validation of the numerical results in terms of the failure characteristics of the crankshaft. It was concluded that chamfers at sharp corners of the crankshaft on the flywheel side showed critical regions, indicating that the experimental and numerical results were consistent. These results suggested that critical regions of the crankshaft could be optimized for the improvement of sustainability in long life service.
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Eber, Nicolas. "Les relations bancaires de long terme." Revue d'économie politique 111, no. 2 (2001): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/redp.112.0195.
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Tripier, Fabien. "Croissance et chômage à long terme." Économie & prévision 189, no. 3 (2009): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecop.189.0057.
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Tripier, Fabien. "Croissance et chômage à long terme." Économie & prévision 189, no. 3 (2009): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecop.2009.7924.
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Klein, Étienne. "2. Le retour du long terme." Études Hors-séri, no. 13 (2020): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/etu.hs20.0010.
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Melot, A., V. Bellavoine, M. Brasseur, S. Derrey, S. Marret, P. Fréger, and F. Proust. "Hydrocéphalie néonatale : résultats à long terme." Neurochirurgie 55, no. 4-5 (October 2009): 508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuchi.2009.08.058.
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Sessler, Daniel. "Conséquences à long terme de l’anesthésie." Le Praticien en Anesthésie Réanimation 13, no. 5 (November 2009): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pratan.2009.10.001.
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Lorenzi, Jean-Hervé, and Julien Navaux. "L'utilité des investissements de long terme." Revue d'économie financière 108, no. 4 (2012): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecofi.108.0017.
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Zheng, Meili, Lei Zhao, and Xinchun Yang. "Expression Profiles of Long Noncoding RNA and mRNA in Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients with Heart Failure." BioMed Research International 2019 (July 4, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3945475.
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The expression profile of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in human epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has not been widely studied. In the present study, we performed RNA sequencing to analyze the expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNA in EAT in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without heart failure (HF). Our results showed RNA sequencing disclosed 35673 mRNA and 11087 lncRNA corresponding to 15554 genes in EAT in total, while 30 differentially expressed lncRNAs (17 upregulated and 13 downregulated) and 278 differentially expressed mRNAs (129 upregulated and 149 downregulated) were discriminated between CAD patients with and without HF (P<0.05; fold change>2); lncRNA ENST00000610659 drew specific attention for it was the top upregulated lncRNA with highest fold change and corresponded to UNC93B1 gene, which was proved to be related to HF and encoded UNC93B1 protein regulating toll-like receptor signaling, and both of them significantly increased in HF patients in qRT-PCR validation; the top significant upregulated enriched GO terms and KEGG pathway analysis were regulation of lymphocyte activation (GO:0051249) and T cell receptor signaling pathway (hsa04660), respectively. The current findings support the fact that EAT lncRNAs are involved in the inflammatory response leading to the development of HF.
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Zuo, Ganggang, Jungang Luo, Ni Wang, Yani Lian, and Xinxin He. "Two-stage variational mode decomposition and support vector regression for streamflow forecasting." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 11 (November 23, 2020): 5491–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5491-2020.
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Abstract. Streamflow forecasting is a crucial component in the management and control of water resources. Decomposition-based approaches have particularly demonstrated improved forecasting performance. However, direct decomposition of entire streamflow data with calibration and validation subsets is not practical for signal component prediction. This impracticality is due to the fact that the calibration process uses some validation information that is not available in practical streamflow forecasting. Unfortunately, independent decomposition of calibration and validation sets leads to undesirable boundary effects and less accurate forecasting. To alleviate such boundary effects and improve the forecasting performance in basins lacking meteorological observations, we propose a two-stage decomposition prediction (TSDP) framework. We realize this framework using variational mode decomposition (VMD) and support vector regression (SVR) and refer to this realization as VMD-SVR. We demonstrate experimentally the effectiveness, efficiency and accuracy of the TSDP framework and its VMD-SVR realization in terms of the boundary effect reduction, computational cost, and overfitting, in addition to decomposition and forecasting outcomes for different lead times. Specifically, four comparative experiments were conducted based on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), singular spectrum analysis (SSA), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), boundary-corrected maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (BCMODWT), autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), SVR, backpropagation neural network (BPNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM). The TSDP framework was also compared with the wavelet data-driven forecasting framework (WDDFF). Results of experiments on monthly runoff data collected from three stations at the Wei River show the superiority of the VMD-SVR model compared to benchmark models.
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De Smedt, I., T. Stavrakou, F. Hendrick, T. Danckaert, T. Vlemmix, G. Pinardi, N. Theys, et al. "Diurnal, seasonal and long-term variations of global formaldehyde columns inferred from combined OMI and GOME-2 observations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 8 (April 23, 2015): 12241–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-12241-2015.
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Abstract. We present the new version (v14) of the BIRA-IASB algorithm for the retrieval of formaldehyde (H2CO) columns from spaceborne UV-Visible sensors. Applied to OMI measurements from Aura and to GOME-2 measurements from MetOp-A and B, this algorithm is used to produce global distributions of H2CO representative of mid-morning and early afternoon conditions. Its main features include (1) a new iterative DOAS scheme involving three fitting intervals to better account for the O2-O2 absorption, (2) the use of earthshine radiances averaged in the equatorial Pacific as reference spectra, (3) a destriping correction and background normalisation resolved in the along-swath position. For the air mass factor calculation, a priori vertical profiles calculated by the IMAGES chemistry transport model at 9.30 a.m. and 13.30 p.m. are used. Although the resulting GOME-2 and OMI H2CO vertical columns are found to be highly correlated, some systematic differences are observed. Afternoon columns are generally larger than morning ones, especially in mid-latitude regions. In contrast, over tropical rainforests, morning H2CO columns significantly exceed those observed in the afternoon. These differences are discussed in terms of the H2CO column variation between mid-morning and early afternoon, using ground-based MAX-DOAS measurements available from seven stations in Europe, China and Africa. Validation results confirm the capacity of the combined satellite measurements to resolve diurnal variations in H2CO columns. Furthermore, vertical profiles derived from MAX-DOAS measurements in the Beijing area and in Bujumbura are used for a more detailed validation exercise. In both regions, we find an agreement better than 15% when MAX-DOAS profiles are used as a priori for the satellite retrievals. Finally regional trends in H2CO columns are estimated for the 2004–2014 period using SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 data for morning conditions, and OMI for early afternoon conditions. Consistent features are observed such as an increase of the columns in India and Central-East China, and a decrease in Eastern US and Europe. We find that the higher horizontal resolution of OMI combined to a better sampling and a more favourable illumination at mid-day allow for more significant trend estimates, especially over Europe and North America. Importantly, in some parts of the Amazonian forest, we observe with both time series a significant downward trend in H2CO columns, spatially correlated with areas affected by deforestation.
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De Smedt, I., T. Stavrakou, F. Hendrick, T. Danckaert, T. Vlemmix, G. Pinardi, N. Theys, et al. "Diurnal, seasonal and long-term variations of global formaldehyde columns inferred from combined OMI and GOME-2 observations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 21 (November 10, 2015): 12519–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-12519-2015.
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Abstract. We present the new version (v14) of the BIRA-IASB algorithm for the retrieval of formaldehyde (H2CO) columns from spaceborne UV–visible sensors. Applied to OMI measurements from Aura and to GOME-2 measurements from MetOp-A and MetOp-B, this algorithm is used to produce global distributions of H2CO representative of mid-morning and early afternoon conditions. Its main features include (1) a new iterative DOAS scheme involving three fitting intervals to better account for the O2–O2 absorption, (2) the use of earthshine radiances averaged in the equatorial Pacific as reference spectra, and (3) a destriping correction and background normalisation resolved in the across-swath position. For the air mass factor calculation, a priori vertical profiles calculated by the IMAGES chemistry transport model at 09:30 and 13:30 LT are used. Although the resulting GOME-2 and OMI H2CO vertical columns are found to be highly correlated, some systematic differences are observed. Afternoon columns are generally larger than morning ones, especially in mid-latitude regions. In contrast, over tropical rainforests, morning H2CO columns significantly exceed those observed in the afternoon. These differences are discussed in terms of the H2CO column variation between mid-morning and early afternoon, using ground-based MAX-DOAS measurements available from seven stations in Europe, China and Africa. Validation results confirm the capacity of the combined satellite measurements to resolve diurnal variations in H2CO columns. Furthermore, vertical profiles derived from MAX-DOAS measurements in the Beijing area and in Bujumbura are used for a more detailed validation exercise. In both regions, we find an agreement better than 15 % when MAX-DOAS profiles are used as a priori for the satellite retrievals. Finally, regional trends in H2CO columns are estimated for the 2004–2014 period using SCIAMACHY and GOME-2 data for morning conditions, and OMI for early afternoon conditions. Consistent features are observed, such as an increase of the columns in India and central–eastern China, and a decrease in the eastern US and Europe. We find that the higher horizontal resolution of OMI combined with a better sampling and a more favourable illumination at midday allow for more significant trend estimates, especially over Europe and North America. Importantly, in some parts of the Amazonian forest, we observe with both time series a significant downward trend in H2CO columns, spatially correlated with areas affected by deforestation.
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Ravishankar, Ramya, Jaffar Hussain, and Virendra Kumar. "A survey on improving validation in plasma samples by niraparib and LC-MS/MS methods." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 20, 2020): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.3784.
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The objective of an exit survey is to improve and authorize a rapid and efficient “liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)” technique for examination of Niraparib in plasma samples. Niraparib was separated utilizing “X-Bridge C18, 50 x 4.6 mm”, 5 µm column with MP composed of 10 mM Methanol &Ammonium format in a proportion of (20:80 v/v). MRM positive mode is utilized to identify the Niraparib at 321.5®195.4. The approach illustrates sinter &intra- day precision surrounded by0.7 to 2.0 and 0.7 to 2.7 % and accuracy within 101.4-102.4 & 99.5-104.8 %. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and 2, two genes associated with mechanisms of DNA reparation impairment, are appeared to be connected with breast incidence and malignant ovarian growth, both irregular& familiar. PARP is a group of enzymes engaged with BER system. The presentation of PARP inhibitors in patients with BRCA-transformed ovarian malignant growth is associated with the synthetic lethality concept. Niraparib (NR) is an inhibitor of "poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymes", PARP-1, and PARP-2 performs a character in DNA restoration. We observed such vast numbers of challenges with the revealed strategies regarding stability &reproducibility for long-run analysis. It is crucial to building up the tremendous bioanalytical method with appropriate Deuterated or analog-based internal standard in terms of reproducibility and matrix effect.
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Little, Holly. "Establishing a New Framework for Paleontological Data Through an Evaluation of Current Data Sharing Practices." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (July 3, 2018): e25437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25437.
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The long-term lifecycle management of natural history data requires careful planning. Elements that have a significant impact on this planning include data quality, domain-specific requirements, and data interoperability. Standards like Darwin Core Wieczorek et al. 2012 are built to be flexible, allowing institutions to share data quickly without extensive modification of internal information management processes. However, there is often limited consensus on the exact meanings and use of key terms by various domains. If we want to increase the quality, interoperability, and long-term health of collections data, we must reassess how we record specimen data, paying special attention to the terms we use and how we use them. Here we share results from efforts to evaluate current data sharing practices for data from paleontology collections. By analysing the use of terms in Darwin Core, we are constructing a framework for how paleontological data is shared, how terms are used across many institutions, and where there are inconsistencies or lack of terms to support a fully robust record. We have also used data quality assessment and validation tools developed by organizations like the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) to provide insight and testing for term-specific requirements addressing quality on a more global scale than might be the focus of any more locally driven data quality assessment. These assessments can guide the development of a new framework for sharing paleontological data, enabling the community to collaborate and find solutions to increase quality and interoperability. Additionally, individual institutions can utilize the framework to enhance long-term care of digital assets with global participation in mind.
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Stojković, Milan, Stevan Prohaska, and Jasna Plavšić. "Stochastic structure of annual discharges of large European rivers." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 63, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/johh-2015-0009.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Water resource has become a guarantee for sustainable development on both local and global scales. Exploiting water resources involves development of hydrological models for water management planning. In this paper we present a new stochastic model for generation of mean annul flows. The model is based on historical characteristics of time series of annual flows and consists of the trend component, long-term periodic component and stochastic component. The rest of specified components are model errors which are represented as a random time series. The random time series is generated by the single bootstrap model (SBM). Stochastic ensemble of error terms at the single hydrological station is formed using the SBM method. The ultimate stochastic model gives solutions of annual flows and presents a useful tool for integrated river basin planning and water management studies. The model is applied for ten large European rivers with long observed period. Validation of model results suggests that the stochastic flows simulated by the model can be used for hydrological simulations in river basins.
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Javeed, Danish, Tianhan Gao, Muhammad Taimoor Khan, and Ijaz Ahmad. "A Hybrid Deep Learning-Driven SDN Enabled Mechanism for Secure Communication in Internet of Things (IoT)." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 18, 2021): 4884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144884.
Full textAbstract:
The Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a new technological world connecting billions of devices. Despite providing several benefits, the heterogeneous nature and the extensive connectivity of the devices make it a target of different cyberattacks that result in data breach and financial loss. There is a severe need to secure the IoT environment from such attacks. In this paper, an SDN-enabled deep-learning-driven framework is proposed for threats detection in an IoT environment. The state-of-the-art Cuda-deep neural network, gated recurrent unit (Cu- DNNGRU), and Cuda-bidirectional long short-term memory (Cu-BLSTM) classifiers are adopted for effective threat detection. We have performed 10 folds cross-validation to show the unbiasedness of results. The up-to-date publicly available CICIDS2018 data set is introduced to train our hybrid model. The achieved accuracy of the proposed scheme is 99.87%, with a recall of 99.96%. Furthermore, we compare the proposed hybrid model with Cuda-Gated Recurrent Unit, Long short term memory (Cu-GRULSTM) and Cuda-Deep Neural Network, Long short term memory (Cu- DNNLSTM), as well as with existing benchmark classifiers. Our proposed mechanism achieves impressive results in terms of accuracy, F1-score, precision, speed efficiency, and other evaluation metrics.