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Benredouane, Johanna. "La renonciation en droit de l'aide sociale : recherche sur l'effectivité des droits sociaux." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCB004/document.
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En droit de l’aide sociale, le terme « renonciation » est très peu utilisé par la doctrine, sans doute parce que, de longue date, il a été considéré que le bénéficiaire ne pouvait renoncer ni tacitement ni expressément à son droit à l’aide sociale. Néanmoins, il réapparaît depuis peu dans les travaux de la doctrine portant sur le non-recours aux droits sociaux. Quoique ces notions désignent indubitablement des situations d’abandon de droits, cet usage du terme « renonciation » ne saurait suffire à convaincre de l’existence de la renonciation en droit de l’aide sociale dans la mesure où, malgré les nombreuses controverses doctrinales autour de la définition de la notion de renonciation, elle a toujours été enfermée par la doctrine majoritaire dans un cadre conceptuel particulièrement étroit. Se révèle alors l’intérêt d’étudier la renonciation en droit de l’aide sociale, étude d’autant plus importante que cette réflexion conduit à envisager sous un angle nouveau non seulement la notion même de renonciation, mais encore la problématique de l’effectivité des droits sociaux. L’objet de cette thèse consiste donc à se questionner sur l’existence et sur les caractéristiques de la renonciation en droit de l’aide sociale et, en filigrane, sur la nature et la spécificité de ces droits ainsi que sur la place du bénéficiaire au sein du droit de l’aide socialeIn welfare law, the term « waiver » is seldom used by doctrine, no doubt because over the years it has been thought that the beneficiaries could not waiver either tacitly or expressly their rights to welfare. Nevertheless, recently the term has resurfaced in doctrinal research on non-recourse to welfare rights. Although these notions undoubtedly refer to situations whereby beneficiaries renounce their rights, such use of the term “waiver” is definitely not sufficient to prove the existence of waiver in welfare law. Indeed, despite numerous doctrinal controversies pertaining to the definition of the notion of waiver, prevailing doctrine has always circumscribed this definition within a very narrow conceptual framework. Accordingly, the study of welfare law becomes significant, all the more so as it leads to considering from a new perspective not only the very notion of waiver, but also the issue of the effectiveness of welfare rights. The aim of this thesis thus consists in questioning the existence and characteristics of waiver in welfare law and inherently, the nature and specificity of these rights together with the place of the beneficiary within welfare law
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Desbiens, Janik. "Influence de la désirabilité sociale dans l’utilisation des tests de personnalité : une étude comparative de la validité du NEO-PI-3 dans un contexte d’orientation professionnelle et de sélection de personnel." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67454.
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L’inventaire de personnalité NEO-PI-3 (NEO-PI-3; Costa & McCrae, 2010) est un des questionnaires de personnalité les plus utilisés et diverses études en ont démontré la validité transculturelle (Crego, Gore, Rojas & al, 2015). Il n’est toutefois pas exempt de limites. Une d’entre elles concerne le caractère falsifiable des réponses fournies. Les experts critiquent l’absence d’une échelle de désirabilité sociale (DS; Benson, 2014; Kluck, 2014) et avancent que l’influence de la DS pourrait être différente selon les contextes d’évaluation (Congard & al., 2012). L’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer l’influence différentielle de la DS dans l’utilisation du NEO-PI-3 en orientation professionnelle et en sélection de personnel. Cent deux étudiants universitaires ont rempli le NEO-PI-3 et le Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding de Paulhus (1998) en contexte simulé d’orientation professionnelle et de sélection de personnel. Les corrélations entre la DS et les résultats au NEO-PI-3 sont faibles aux domaines Extraversion, Ouverture et Agréabilité, mais modérées pour Névrotisme et Conscience, et plus fortes avec l’autoduperie, une sous-échelle de la DS, et en orientation professionnelle. Seuls 56 des 240 items montrent une corrélation modérée avec la DS et gagneraient à être reformulés. Les répondants très enclins à la DS obtiennent des résultats plus faibles à Névrotisme et plus élevés à Conscience et Agréabilité. Bien que l’effet générale de la DS soit faible, elle s’avère présente en réponse aux items de Névrotisme et de Conscience et plus importante chez les répondants enclins à la DS. Dans le cas de l’Agréabilité et en contexte de sélection, la DS ne semble qu’affecter la façon de répondre des personnes qui font de l’hétéroduperie en plus de l’autoduperie. La prudence est requise quant à l’interprétation des résultats au NEO-PI-3. L’inclusion d’une échelle de DS est recommandée et des recherches complémentaires comparant les résultats au NEO-PI-3 dans des contextes d’évaluation réels plutôt que simulés seraient utiles.
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Ilg, Jennifer. "Développement et évaluation d'un programme psychoéducatif de formation aux habiletés parentales pour les parents de jeunes enfants ayant un trouble du spectre de l'autisme." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG035.
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Les troubles du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) affectent la qualité de vie familiale. Des programmes de formation aux habiletés parentales (PFHP) sont susceptibles d’entraîner une amélioration du stress parental et du comportement de l’enfant. Cette étude vise à développer et évaluer un PFHP francophone basé sur l’analyse appliquée du comportement. Ce PFHP a été évalué auprès d’un groupe pilote de 6 parents. Une augmentation des connaissances sur les TSA et les pratiques éducatives est observée ainsi qu’une amélioration du comportement de l’enfant. Les parents considèrent les objectifs ciblés comme importants, les procédures transmises comme acceptables et les effets observés comme satisfaisants. Le PFHP a été amélioré et évalué auprès de 18 parents. Une augmentation des connaissances et des pratiques éducatives est observée avec une amélioration des compétences sociales des enfants. Pour 16 parents, une amélioration au niveau du stress est remarquée. Un manuel de ce PFHP a été élaboréParents of children with ASD face many challenges that affect their well-being. Parent trainings (PT) in young children with ASD are known for improving the child’s behaviors and reducing parenting stress. The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a French parent training that is based on applied behavior analysis. An initial efficacy study was conducted with 6 parents. Parents have significantly improved their knowledge in ASD and behavioral intervention strategies. They reported an improvement in their child’s behavior. The PT was considered by the parents as effective, the methods used as acceptable and the objectives targeted as important. This promising PT was then improved and evaluated on 18 more parents. Parents have again improved their knowledge in ASD and behavioral strategies whereas children’s socialization skills have improved as well. For 16 parents, the PT has an additional decreasing effect on stress. A manual has been developed with this PT
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Coppola, Serena. "La justiciabilité des droits sociaux dans l'Union européenne." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01038024.
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L'objet de cet étude est la vérification de l'existence d'une protection des droits sociaux au niveau de l'Union. Et donc on analyse le panorama des droits sociaux dans le cadre des systèmes des États membres ainsi que leur reconstruction dans le cadre de l'acquis communautaire. Afin de mettre en lumière le lien entre les droits sociaux reconnues par l'Union et son politique social substantielle, la recherche se concentre sur les droits relatifs au travail, à la santé et à l'instruction qui sont garantis par le Traité de Lisbonne et la CDF. La protection de ces situations s'analyse à travers de la jurisprudence de la Cour de Justice. Au final le dernière chapitre traite, de la jurisprudence de la Cour de Strasbourg relative aux droits sociaux, en rapport avec celle de la Cour de Justice en vue de la future adhésion de l'Union à la CEDH. A la lumière de ces données, on conclue que la justiciabilité effective des droits sociaux dans le cadre de l'Union reste liée à la volonté politique des États et il est impossible d'affirmer que l'usage inspirateur et propulsif de la Charte de la part de la CJE soit renforcé en faveur d'un protection fort des droits sociales dans le système de l'Union.
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Lundell, Ann-Charlotte, and Charlotte Lundgren. "JOB-RELATED SOCIAL WELL-BEING SCALE - APPLICERBAR INOM OFFENTLIG PRIMÄRVÅRD? : En pilotstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9089.
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Bakgrund: Välbefinnande berör alla yrkeskategorier, inte minst hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal. Det är viktigt att uppleva välbefinnande för att kunna utföra god omvårdnad. Ett nytt mätinstrument kallat Job-Related Social Well-Being Scale (JSWS) har utvecklats av Ali Kazemi och har testats bland personal inom skolan och industrin men inte inom hälso- och sjukvård. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att bland hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal undersöka applicerbarheten hos ett mätinstrument avsett att mäta socialt välbefinnande på arbetet. Metod: Denna pilotstudie hade en kvantitativ ansats. Datainsamlingen med JSWS och KASAM gjordes genom webbaserade enkäter som distribuerades till hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal inom primärvården vid två tillfällen. Antal möjliga respondenter var 188, vid första mättillfället besvarade 27 respondenter enkäten och vid andra mättillfället 11 respondenter. Spearmans rangkorrelation användes för att studera applicerbarheten. Som jämförelseinstrument användes den korta versionen av KASAM-formuläret. Resultat: Test-retest var signifikant (rs=0.90; p<0.01). Stabilitet över mätinstrument samt kriterievaliditet visade på en ickesignifikant korrelation (rs=0.327; p<0.1) mellan JSWS och KASAM. Konklusion: Denna pilotstudie visade att metoden bör förbättras för att få högre svarsfrekvens så att generaliseringar kan göras. Stabilitet över mätinstrument och kriterievaliditet indikerar att i en huvudstudie med fler respondenter skulle resultatet hamna på en signifikant nivå.Background: Wellbeing at work concerns all professionals, including healthcare professionals. It is important to experience wellbeing for being able to take care of patients. A new instrument, Job-Related Social Well-Being Scale (JSWS), developed by Ali Kazemi has been tested among professionals in school and industry, not among healthcare professionals. Aim: The aim of this pilot study was among healthcare professionals study the applicability of an instrument intended to measure social wellbeing at work. Method: This pilot study had a quantitative approach. The datacollection with JSWS and the short version of Sense of Coherence (SOC-13) was done through webbased survey distributed to professionals in primary healthcare at two occasions, to 188 possible respondents. The number of respondents in the first measurement were 27 and in the second 11. Spearmans rankcorrelation (rs) was used to study the applicability. SOC-13 was used as the comparison instrument. Results: The test-retest is significant (rs=0.90; p<0.01). The equivalence and criterion validity shows a non significant correlation (rs=0.327; p<0.1) between JSWS and SOC-13. Conclusion: This pilot study showed that the method should be improved to recieve more respondents so generalizations can be done. Equivalence and criterion validity indicates that in a main study with more respondents, the results would be at a significant level.
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James, Megan. "The validity endeavour." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4162.
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Thesis (MPhil (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Qualitative and quantitative research implies different meta-theoretical approaches to knowledge production. The former maintains a constructivist and interpretative perspective, as opposed to the latter, which exists within a realist and even positivist paradigm. Within the field of research methodology, the dominant conceptualisation of validity is based on a positivist discourse, which suggests that (social) scientific research should strive to attain an ultimate truth. This understanding of validity is difficult to achieve within a research paradigm that values the idiosyncratic world views of the participants under investigation. The introduction of CAQDAS (Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software), however, brought with it the hope that its application would confer upon qualitative research the rigour associated with validity in a mainly positivist interpretation of the research process. The ultimate goal of this thesis is to determine whether CAQDAS can make a significant contribution to efforts aimed at validating qualitative research. The research design employed in the present study is that of a descriptive content analysis, focussing on scientific articles that not only report qualitative studies, but also make explicit reference to the use of CAQDAS, and describe validation techniques applied during the research process. Purposive sampling was applied to select 108 articles, published from 1996 to 2009, that meet the sampling criteria and that were identified through online searches of various bibliographic databases and search engines. The study investigates three predominant research questions concerned with the following: (1) the most commonly used software programmes; (2) trends in CAQDAS use over time; as well as (3) the validation techniques reported in examined scientific articles, distinguishing between techniques that are performed with and without the use of CAQDAS. With regard to the first two research questions, it was found that the three most commonly used software programmes are QSR N programmes (including NUD.IST, NVivo, N4, N5 and N6), followed by Atlas.ti and MAXqda (including the earlier version winMAX), and that there has been a general increase over iv the past 13 years (1996-2009) in the number of qualitative research articles reporting CAQDAS use. The exploration of validation techniques utilised in qualitative research, as reported in the examined scientific articles, demonstrated that the techniques are in most cases performed manually. Although CAQDAS offers many benefits, the predominant validation techniques reported can be, and still are, performed without CAQDAS. Techniques that would have been impossible without CAQDAS are based on the data display features of CAQDAS, as well as on the accuracy and consistency offered by CAQDAS in the execution of certain actions. The findings generated by this study seem to support the hypothesis that CAQDAS per se does not enhance validity, since it is predominantly utilised as merely a research tool.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe navorsing is gegrond op verskillende meta-teoretiese benaderings tot die lewering van inligting. Eersgenoemde handhaaf ‘n konstruktivistiese en interpretatiewe perspektief, teenoor laasgenoemde, wat binne ‘n paradigma bestaan wat gegrond is op realisme en positivisme. Binne die veld van navorsingsmetodologie, is die oorwegende konseptualisering van geldigheid, gebaseer op ‘n positivistiese diskoers, wat voorstel dat (sosiale) wetenskaplike navorsing daarna moet streef om ‘n absolute waarheid te bereik. Hierdie begrip van geldigheid word moeilik verwesenlik binne ‘n navorsingsparadigma wat waarde heg aan die ideosinkratiese wêreldbeskouinge van die navorsingsdeelnemers. CAQDAS (Computer Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software), is bekend gestel met die hoop dat die gebruik daarvan kwalitatiewe navorsing sal verleen met stiptheid wat met geldigheid geassosieer word, oorwegend binne ‘n positivistiese interpretasie van die navorsingsproses. Die oorkoepelende doelwit van hierdie tesis is om vas te stel of CAQDAS enige betekenisvolle bydrae kan maak tot pogings om die geldigheid van kwalitatiewe navorsing te verbeter. Die navorsingsontwerp van die huidige studie is die van ‘n beskrywende inhoudsanalise, wat fokus op wetenskaplike artikels wat nie net berig oor kwalitatiwe studies nie, maar ook verwys na die gebruik van CAQDAS, en die geldigheidstegnieke wat tydens die navorsingsproses toegepas is, bespreek. Doelgerigte steekproeftrekking is toegepas en 108 artikels, wat gepubliseer is vanaf 1996-2009, was geselekteer op grond van die feit dat hulle aan die seleksie kriteria voldoen. Die artikels was geïdentifiseer deur aanlyn soektogte van verskeie bibliografiese databasisse en soekenjins. Die studie ondersoek drie oorwegende navorsingsvrae met betrekking tot die volgende: (1) die sagteware programme wat die meeste gebruik word; (2) neigings in die gebruik van CAQDAS oor verloop van ‘n tydperk; sowel as (3) die geldigheidstegnieke wat in die ondersoekte wetenskaplike artikels vi gerapporteer word, deur onderskeid te tref tussen tegnieke wat met of sonder die gebruik van CAQDAS uitgevoer word. Met verwysing na die eerste twee navorsingsvrae, was dit gevind dat die drie algemeenste sagteware programme wat gebruik is, QSR N programme (insluitend NUD.IST, NVivo, N4, N5 en N6), gevolg deur Atlas.ti en MAXqda (insluitend die vroëere weergawe winMAX) is, en dat daar oor die algemeen ‘n toename is in die getal kwalitatiewe navorsingsartikels oor die afgelope 13 jaar (1996-2009), wat die gebruik van CAQDAS rapporteer. Die ondersoek na geldigheidstegnieke wat in kwalitatiewe navorsing gebruik word, soos berig in die ondersoekte wetenskaplike artikels, het getoon dat die tegnieke in die meeste gevalle sonder die gebruik van CAQDAS uitgevoer is. Ten spyte van die feit dat die gebruik van CAQDAS voordele inhou, word die meerderheid geldigheidstegnieke wat gerapporteeer word, steeds sonder die gebruik van CAQDAS uitgevoer. Tegnieke wat nie sonder die hulp van CAQDAS uitegevoer kon word nie, is gebaseer op die data vertoningsvermoë van CAQDAS, sowel as op die akkuraatheid en konsekwentheid waarmee CAQDAS sekere opdragte uitvoer. Die bevindinge wat gegenereer is deur hierdie studie blyk asof dit die hipotese ondersteun dat CAQDAS nie opsig self die geldigheid versterk nie, aangesien dit oorwegend bloot as ‘n navorsingsinstrument gebruik word.
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Ek, Anders, and Petra Östlund. "Internet Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) Applied to One Clinical and Two Nonclinical Samples." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-29711.
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This study examined the utility of the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (MS) as a self-report screening measure of Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD). It also assessed whether there were any differences in the way in which respondents used the MS and other self-report measures when administered via the internet, as compared to standard pen and paper format. Data was collected from Swedish populations, using on clinical sample (n=133) and two samples of university students (n=795). The MS demonstrated adequate concurrent, convergent and divergent validity, and satisfactory discriminative validity, with an optimal cut-off value of 3. The psychometric properties of the scale were found to be equivalent across administration formats.Denna studie undersökte nyttan av Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (MS), ett kort självskattat screeningformulär för socialt ångestsyndrom (SAD). I studien undersöktes även om det fanns skillnader i användning av MS och andra självskattningsformulär när dessa administrerades via internet jämfört med det vanliga pennaoch-papper-formatet. Data samlades in från svenska populationer genom användning av ett kliniskt sample (n=133)och två samples bestående av universitetsstuderande (n=795). MS uppvisade adekvat samtidig, konvergent och divergent validitet samt tillfredsställande diskriminativ validitet, med ett optimalt cut-off-värde på tre. De psykometriska egenskaperna hos skalan ansågs vara likvärdiga mellan de olika administrationsformaten.
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Miramontes, Nancy Yanette. "Social Validity of a Behavioral Support Model." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2201.
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As more schools turn to School-Wide Positive Behavior Supports (SWPBS) for help with academic and problem behaviors in their schools, the need to adequately evaluate these programs on a socially relevant level increases. The present study employs social validation measures to evaluate Utah's Academic, Behavioral & Coaching Initiative (ABC-UBI), a Positive Behavior Support (PBS) initiative, on socially relevant issues. Participants from across the state of Utah who were active consumers of ABC-UBI's program, were polled for their opinion on the acceptability of the treatment goals, procedures and outcomes of the program. The results outlined several areas of much needed improvement including, but not limited to the amount of paperwork required for successful implementation and the usability of program procedures. Social validity continues to be an important construct to consider when evaluating programs for social relevancy.
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Wang, Xinghua. "Essays on the external validity of social preference games." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669930.
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The three chapters of this thesis investigate the external validity of social preference
games. Chapter 1 reveals the context-dependent nature of human social behavior and
shows that it is possible to make lab games much more predictive of field behavior by
bringing the right contextual elements from the field into the lab. Chapter 2 shows that
social preference games reach moderate correlations with a collection of daily
pro-social behaviors when these behaviors are observed and averaged over a longer time
period. This suggests that context-free games capture some fundamental aspects of
pro-sociality in daily life and that future research on the external validity of these games
should pay more attention to social behavior over extended time periods. Chapter 3
presents a systematic investigation of the external validity of social preference games at
the workplace by comparing game behavior with organizational behaviors in a group of
hotels. The results show that social preference games have a low predictive power in
relation to organizational behavior.Los tres capítulos de esta tesis investigan la validez externa de los juegos de preferencias sociales. El Capítulo 1 revela la naturaleza dependiente del contexto del comportamiento social humano y muestra que es posible hacer que los juegos de laboratorio sean mucho más predictivos del comportamiento de campo si se traen los elementos contextuales correctos del campo al laboratorio. El capítulo 2 muestra que los juegos de preferencias sociales alcanzan correlaciones moderadas con una colección de comportamientos pro-sociales diarios cuando estos comportamientos son observados y agregados a lo largo de un período de tiempo más largo. Esto sugiere que los juegos libres de contexto capturan ciertos aspectos fundamentales de la pro-socialidad en la vida diaria y que la investigación futura sobre la validez externa de estos juegos debería prestar más atención al comportamiento social durante períodos más prolongados. El Capítulo 3 presenta una investigación sistemática de la validez externa de los juegos de preferencias sociales en el lugar de trabajo, comparando el comportamiento en los juegos con comportamientos organizacionales en un grupo de hoteles. Los resultados muestran que los juegos de preferencia social tienen un bajo poder predictivo en relación al comportamiento organizacional.
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Carter, Stacy L., and John J. Wheeler. "The Social Validity Manual: Subjective Evaluation of Interventions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://www.amzn.com/0128160047/.
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Social Validity is a concept used in behavioral intervention research. It focuses on whether the goals of treatment, the intervention techniques used, and the outcomes achieved are acceptable, relevant, and useful to the individual in treatment. The Social Validity Manual, 2e, provides background on the development of social validity, an overview of current research in social validity, and guidelines for expanding the practice of social validation. The book offers detailed information on scales and methods for measuring social validity across the goals, procedures, and effects of treatments utilized in various fields. The second edition incorporates advances in research findings and offers two new chapters on the use of social validity in the health sciences and how social validity plays an important role in increasing cultural awareness. Defines and conceptualizes social validity Summarizes research advances in social validity Compares and contrasts social validity measures Includes use of social validity in multiple disciplines Reviews how to organize social validity data Provides new coverage of use in health professionshttps://dc.etsu.edu/etsu_books/1217/thumbnail.jpg
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Woolard, Christopher. "Moderation of Personality Test Validity." TopSCHOLAR®, 1998. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/326.
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Personality testing can be an adequate instrument for prediction of future job performance. However, the predictive ability of these tests has been only moderate at best. This researcher attempted to determine if feedback would help improve the predictive ability of personality tests. The results indicated that feedback did not moderate the relationship between the personality dimensions and job performance for all of the personality construct s except Openness to Experience. This researcher also attempted to replicate the findings of the Barrick and Mount (1993) study which found that autonomy moderated the relationship between Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and job performance. This researcher found support for Barrick and Mount's findings for Extraversion and Conscientiousness, but not for Agreeableness.
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Angelico, Antonio Paulo. "Transtorno de ansiedade social e habilidades sociais: estudo psicométrico e empírico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17148/tde-02112009-151551/.
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O Transtorno de Ansiedade Social (TAS) tem sido considerado um grave problema de saúde mental pela sua alta prevalência em pessoas jovens e pelas incapacidades decorrentes no desempenho e interações sociais. É fundamental que se disponha de instrumentos validados e abrangentes que avaliem tanto os recursos e déficits comportamentais quanto os prejuízos sociais e funcionais destas pessoas. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, verificar as associações entre as manifestações comportamentais e clínicas do TAS por meio de dois estudos, um psicométrico e outro empírico, visando: (a) aferir as propriedades psicométricas do Inventário de Habilidades Sociais (IHS-Del-Prette), enquanto medida do repertório comportamental de habilidades sociais, em relação à avaliação das manifestações clínicas próprias do TAS, medidas pelo Inventário da Fobia Social (SPIN); e (b) comparar e caracterizar o repertório de habilidades sociais apresentado por universitários brasileiros portadores de TAS e não portadores frente a uma situação experimental estruturada, o Teste de Simulação de Falar em Público (TSFP). Do estudo psicométrico, participaram 1006 universitários, na faixa etária entre 17 e 35 anos, de ambos os gêneros, provindos de duas instituições de ensino superior. Posteriormente, 86 participantes foram randomicamente selecionados desta amostra inicial e agrupados como casos e não-casos de TAS a partir de avaliação clínica sistemática por meio da Entrevista Clínica Estruturada para o DSM-IV. Do delineamento empírico, participaram 26 universitários, sendo 13 com diagnóstico de TAS e 13 não portadores de transtornos psiquiátricos. Quanto aos resultados, o IHS apresentou boa consistência interna para o escore total, reforçando a sua validade de construto. Observou-se boa validade concorrente entre o IHS e o SPIN, com um coeficiente altamente significativo de correlação negativa entre eles, indicando que quanto mais elaborado for o repertório de habilidades sociais de um indivíduo, menor é a sua probabilidade de satisfazer os critérios de rastreamento de indicadores para o TAS. O IHS demonstrou distinguir significativamente indivíduos com e sem TAS, atestando sua validade discriminativa e preditiva para esse diagnóstico, evidenciando-se assim a sua validade clínica e a possibilidade do seu uso em estudos empíricos que testem a eficácia terapêutica de programas de intervenção. No TSFP, os grupos caso e não-caso de TAS não demonstraram diferenças significativas, em termos de freqüência, para a maioria dos marcadores comportamentais de ansiedade avaliados. Um número maior de sujeitos do grupo não-caso foi avaliado como apresentando um nível de habilidades sociais apropriadas para falar em público, que variou de moderado a alto, em comparação ao grupo caso. Ao longo do TSFP, a freqüência de emissão dos marcadores comportamentais de ansiedade pelos sujeitos de ambos os grupos manteve-se estável. Os grupos diferiram significativamente na maioria dos itens indicativos da habilidade de falar em público do IHS e quanto ao escore geral desta habilidade. A análise dos resultados do estudo empírico aponta para a necessidade de novos estudos com amostras clínicas de indivíduos com TAS dos subtipos generalizado e circunscrito, e não-clínica, com maior número de sujeitos, previamente avaliados quanto ao medo de falar em público, e também para a possibilidade de uso do TSFP em programas de Treinamento em Habilidades Sociais.Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) has been considered a serious mental health problem for its high prevalence in young people and for the resulting disabilities in the performance and social interactions. It stands out, thus, as being fundamental to have comprehensive and validated instruments which evaluate both the resources and the social and functional impairments of these people. In this work, we aimed at verifying the associations between the behavioral and clinical manifestations of SAD by means of two studies, a psychometric study and an empirical one, in order to: (a) check the psychometric properties of the Social Skills Inventory (HIS-Del-Prette), as a measure of the social skills behavioral repertoire in relation to the evaluation of the typical clinical manifestations of SAD, measured by the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN); (b) compare and characterize the social skills repertoire shown by Brazilian undergraduates with and without SAD in a structured experimental situation, the Simulated Public Speaking Test (SPST). A total of 1006 undergraduates of both genders participated in the psychometric study, with ages between 17 and 35, from two universities. Subsequently, 86 participants were randomly selected from this initial sample and grouped as SAD case and non-case from the systematic clinical evaluation. In the empirical outline, 26 undergraduates participated, 13 with a SAD diagnosis and 13 without the disorder. According to the results, IHS showed good internal consistency for the total score, reinforcing its construct validity. Good concurrent validity was demonstrated between IHS and SPIN, with a highly significant negative correlation coefficient between them, indicating that the more elaborate the social skills repertoire of an individual is, the smaller the probability that he or she will meet the screening criteria for the indicators of SAD. IHS proved to significantly distinguish individuals with and without SAD, attesting thus, discriminative and predictive validity for this diagnosis, showing its clinical validity for the diagnosis of this disorder and yet the possibility of using it in empirical studies testing the therapeutical efficacy in programs of intervention. In the SPST, the case and non-case groups of SAD did not show significant differences in terms of frequency for most of the social anxiety markers, except in relation to facial movements of discomfort, and the class of non-verbal markers, in which the non-case group presented higher values. A higher number of individuals from this group were evaluated as showing a level of appropriate social skills for speaking in public which varied from moderate to high, in comparison with the other group. Throughout SPST, the frequency of emission of anxiety behavioral markers by the participants of both groups was stable. The groups differed significantly in most items of IHS indicative of abilities to speak in public, as well as in the general score of this ability. The analysis of the results of the empirical study points to the necessity of new studies with clinical samples of individuals with SAD of the generalized and circumscribed subtypes and non-clinical, with a larger number of participants, previously evaluated as to the fear of speaking in public, and also to the possibility of using SPST in Social Skills Training.
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Chavira, Denise April. "The relationship between shyness and social phobia : issues in validity /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9952667.
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Pohlenz, Philipp. "Datenqualität als Schlüsselfrage der Qualitätssicherung an Hochschulen." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2008. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1975/.
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Hochschulen stehen zunehmend vor einem Legitimationsproblem bezüglich ihres Umgangs mit (öffentlich bereit gestellten) Ressourcen. Die Kritik bezieht sich hauptsächlich auf den Leistungsbereich der Lehre. Diese sei ineffektiv organisiert und trage durch schlechte Studienbedingungen – die ihrerseits von den Hochschulen selbst zu verantworten seien – zu langen Studienzeiten und hohen Abbruchquoten bei. Es wird konstatiert, dass mit der Lebenszeit der Studierenden verantwortungslos umgegangen und der gesellschaftliche Ausbildungsauftrag sowohl von der Hochschule im Ganzen, als auch von einzelnen Lehrenden nicht angemessen wahrgenommen werde.
Um die gleichzeitig steigende Nachfrage nach akademischen Bildungsangeboten befriedigen zu können, vollziehen Hochschulen einen Wandel zu Dienstleistungsunternehmen, deren Leistungsfähigkeit sich an der Effizienz ihrer Angebote bemisst. Ein solches Leitbild ist von den Steuerungsgrundsätzen des New Public Management inspiriert. In diesem zieht sich der Staat aus der traditionell engen Verbindung zu den Hochschulen zurück und gewährt diesen lokale Autonomie, bspw. durch die Einführung globaler Haushalte zu ihrer finanziellen Selbststeuerung. Die Hochschulen werden zu Marktakteuren, die sich in der Konkurrenz um Kunden gegen ihre Wettbewerber durchsetzen, indem sie Qualität und Exzellenz unter Beweis stellen.
Für die Durchführung von diesbezüglichen Leistungsvergleichen werden unterschiedliche Verfahren der Evaluation eingesetzt. In diese sind landläufig sowohl Daten der Hochschulstatistik, bspw. in Form von Absolventenquoten, als auch zunehmend Befragungsdaten, meist von Studierenden, zur Erhebung ihrer Qualitätseinschätzungen zu Lehre und Studium involviert. Insbesondere letzteren wird vielfach entgegen gehalten, dass sie nicht geeignet seien, die Qualität der Lehre adäquat abzubilden. Vielmehr seien sie durch subjektive Verzerrungen in ihrer Aussagefähigkeit eingeschränkt. Eine Beurteilung, die auf studentischen Befragungsdaten aufsetzt, müsse entsprechend zu Fehleinschätzungen und daraus folgend ungerechten Leistungssanktionen kommen.
Im Sinne der Akzeptanz von Verfahren der Evaluation als Instrument hochschulinterner Qualitätssicherungs- und –entwicklungsprozesse ist daher zu untersuchen, inwieweit Beeinträchtigungen der Validität von für die Hochschulsteuerung eingesetzten Datenbasen deren Aussagekraft vermindern. Ausgehend von den entsprechenden Ergebnissen sind Entwicklungen der Verfahren möglich. Diese Frage steht im Zentrum der vorliegenden Arbeit.Universities encounter public debate on the effectivenes of their handling of public funds. Criticism mainly refers to higher education which is regarded as ineffectively organised and -due to bad learning conditions- contributing to excessively long study times and student drop out. An irresponsible handling of students' life time is detected and it is stated that universities as institutions and individual teachers do not adquately meet society's demands regarding higher education quality. In order to respond to the raising request of higher education services, universities are modified to service-oriented "enterprises" which are competing with other institutions for "customers" by providing the publicly requested evidence of quality and excellencec of their educational services. For the implementation of respective quality comparisons, different procesures of educational evaluation are being established. Higher education statistics (students/graduates ratios) and -increasingly- students' surveys, inquiring their quality appraisals of higher education teaching are involved in these procedures. Particularly the latter encounter controverse debate on their suitability to display the quality of teaching and training adequately. Limitations of their informational value is regarded to stem from subjective distortions of the collected data. Quality assessments and respective sanctions thus are deemed by those who are evaluated to potentially result in misjudgments. In order to establish evaluation procedures as an accepted instrument of internal quality assurance and quality development, data quality and the validity concerns need to be inquired carefully. Based on respective research results, further developments and improvements of the evaluation procedures can be achieved.
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Romer, Eileen Frances. "The effects of family-centered service coordination: A social validity study." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187018.
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The purposes of this study were to design, implement, and analyze the effects of family-centered service coordination to families with children, birth to three years of age, who participate in Part H of IDEA. The research questions investigated were: (1) does the family's level of satisfaction improve when family-centered service coordination procedures, acquired through training, are implemented? and, (2) does the training program result in implementation of this family-centered service coordination model? The participants included three service coordinators and nine families. Three families were served by each of the three service coordinators. Data were collected monthly from each of the nine families using a questionnaire and a procedural reliability checklist. Procedural reliability was calculated across all conditions to determine the degree to which the service coordinators implemented the procedures of family-centered service coordination they learned about in training. A family-centered paradigm was used to develop the research questionnaire, training program, and service delivery model. The defining characteristics of this paradigm were: (a) incorporation of family support principles, (b) family-centered intervention practices, and (c) an enabling and empowering philosophy. A multiple-baseline design across subjects was used to study the effects of implementation on satisfaction reported by the families. The stages of this design included Pre-Training, Post Training, and Implementation. The Implementation Phase was added, again in a multiple-baseline design, because none of the service coordinators adequately implemented the model in the Post Training Phase. The Implementation Phase was initiated in a different sequence than that used to stagger the training. The duration of each experimental phase depended on the responses given each month by the families. Results indicated that when the family-centered model was implemented, families reported a high degree of satisfaction and a low degree of dissatisfaction. In contrast, when the model was not implemented, families reported very little satisfaction and a high degree of dissatisfaction. Moreover, training alone did not lead to implementation of the family-centered model. With individualized support, service coordinators achieved better implementation.
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Pieper, Rachelle Marie. "Teacher Perceptions of the Social Validity of the Peaceable Schools Model." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2029.pdf.
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Havercamp, Susan M. "The Reiss profile of motivation sensitivity : reliability, validity, and social desirability /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487951595502155.
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St, John Chris (Christopher Lynn). "Testing the Construct Validity of the Sulliman Scale of Social Interest." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277658/.
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The purpose of the present study was to further explore evidence for the construct-related validity of the Sulliman Scale of Social Interest (SSSI) through the implementation of both convergent and discriminant procedures. This was done through (a) replicating St. John's 1992 study, (b) extending the findings of that study by incorporating additional psychological measures, and (c) examining SSI itself by means of principal axis factor analytic procedures. First, all nine of the relationships demonstrated between the SSSI and other variables in the St. John (1992) study were replicated in the present study. Second, in extending the findings of that study, 22 of 26 hypothesized relationships between the SSSI and other psychological measures were in the predicted direction. Third, the results of the factor analysis produced three factors labeled "contextual harmony," "positive treatment/response," and "confidence and trust." Taken together, the outcomes of both studies appear to offer some support for the SSI's construct validity and to provide possible directions for future research.
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Parker, Kimberly. "Utility of the General Validity Scale Model: Development of Validity Scales for the Co-parenting Behavior Questionnaire." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2301.
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Validity scales for child-report measures are necessary tools in clinical and forensic settings in which major decisions affecting the child and family are in question. Currently there is no standard model for the development and testing of such validity scales. The present study focused on 1) creating the General Validity Scale (GVS) Model to serve as a guide in validity scale development and 2) applying this model in the development of validity scales for the Co-parenting Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), a child-report measure of parenting and co-parenting behaviors for children whose parents are divorced. Study 1 used the newly developed GVS Model to identify threats to CBQ validity and to develop procedures for detecting such threats. Four different validity scales were created to detect inaccurate responding due to 1) presenting mothering, fathering, and/or co-parenting in an overly negative light, 2) rating mothering and fathering in a highly discrepant manner, 3) inconsistent item responses, and 4) low reading level. Study 2 followed the GVS Model to test the newly developed scales by comparing CBQ responses produced under a standard instruction set to responses from contrived or randomly generated data. Support for the ability of each validity scale to accurately detect threats to validity was found.
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Borden, Michael Christopher. "Social subtypes in autism : an examination of their validity and relations to measures of social cognition /." Diss., This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135801/.
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Noltemeyer, Amity. "THE BRIEF ASSESSMENT MODEL FOR ORAL READING FLUENCY: EXAMINING SOCIAL VALIDITY ISSUES." Connect to this document online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1121175270.
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Thesis (Ed. S.)--Miami University, Dept. of Educational Psychology, 2005.Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], v, 61 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-42).
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Watt, Jason L. "An Evaluation of the Social Validity of the Center for Advanced Professional Studies (CAPS) Program." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7303.
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The Center for Advanced Professional Studies (CAPS) programs are emerging high school programs emphasizing immersive, real-life professional experiences for students. CAPS programs endeavor to facilitate student-centered partnerships between business and public education to produce personalized learning experiences for students centered around the completion of real-world industry projects.
To ensure successful educational programs, leaders must consider more than simple outcome data or statistical descriptions of the program’s reliability and validity. Successful leaders of schools must also determine the program’s value from the perspective of the stakeholders it purports to serve—that is, by its social validity. Understanding what consumers of education do and do not find valuable is crucial when developing, implementing, and evaluating educational programs. Unfortunately, this type of evaluation is seldom utilized and has resulted in a nearly inaudible stakeholder voice in public education and its programs.
This study evaluated the dimensions of social validity associated with the CAPS program from the perspective of both students and industry partners as consumers. Social validity data was collected via a modified Behavior Intervention Rating Scale (BIRS). Participants were asked to rate CAPS programs by agreeing or disagreeing with each of 20 BIRS statements. Respondents included 459 students and 107 industry partners from twelve CAPS programs in six states.
Data from both students and industry partners were analyzed to determine the social validity of CAPS programs. Both students and industry partners rated CAPS programs impressively high on both its acceptability and its effectiveness. CAPS programs are well-positioned to continue to provide positive educational outcomes and experiences to both students and industry partners.
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Moore, Beverly. "The Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale-Abbreviated: A Validity Study." TopSCHOLAR®, 1988. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2653.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of a 25-item abbreviated version of the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale (Richardson & Suinn, 1972). Convergent and discriminant properties of the Mathematics Anxiety Rating Scale -Abbreviated (Alexander, Cobb, & Martray, 1986), as well as its sensitivity to individual differences were examined.
Convergent validity was examined by studying the correlation between the two math anxiety scales, the MARS -A and the Fennema-Sherman Math Anxiety scale (FSMA). Discriminant validity was examined by studying the correlations between: (a) the MARS-A and a test anxiety scale (TAI), and (b) between the MARS -A and a general trait anxiety scale (STAI). Stepwise multiple regression analysis and Pearson Product -Moment correlation coefficients were used to investigate sensitivity to individual differences. The MARS-A functioned as the criterion variable. The predictor variables were American College Test (ACT) math scores, math coursework grade (Grade), confidence towards learning mathematics as measured by the Fennema-Sherman Confidence Scale (FSC), race (Race), sex (Sex), and age (Age).
Convergent validity was demonstrated by a relatively high correlation between scores yielded by the two measures of math anxiety, viz., the MARS-A and FSMA (r = -.61). Evidence of discriminant validity was demonstrated by positive but compared to the convergent validity coefficient, lower correlations between the MARS -A and TAI (r = .44), and yet still a lower correlation between the MARS -A and the STAI (r = .31). The positive correlations among these instruments indicated that instruments of general trait anxiety, test anxiety, and mathematics anxiety measure various aspects of anxiety; however, the order in which the correlations rank suggest that these instruments do not all measure the same trait. The degree of correlation among scores supports the idea that as the instrument becomes more item specific (from measuring general trait anxiety to test anxiety to math anxiety), the correlation between scores obtained on the instruments become stronger in magnitude.
FSC was the only predictor variable to enter the stepwise multiple regression prediction equation. The relationship indicates that confidence towards learning mathematics is the single, best predictor of scores obtained on the MARS -A. The negative direction of the correlation between FSC and MARS-A scores suggests that the more positive one's confidence is towards learning math, the lower one's math anxiety level. Although the MARS -A correlated significantly with other predictor variables, viz., ACT, Grade, and Age the shared variance between FSC, ACT, and Grade, and between ACT and Age imply that once the contribution of FSC to MARS-A scores was accounted for, remaining variables made no unique contribution.
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Howell, Angela. "Social Validity of Teacher-Written Praise Notes in a Title One Elementary School." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3746.
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Praise notes have the potential to positively influence student behavior and relationships. Few studies have examined the social validity of praise, however, and these studies have focused on students' perceptions. The purpose of this study was to describe student, parent, and teacher perceptions of a school-wide praise note intervention at a Title I elementary school. Twenty-three teachers, 203 parents, and 203 students completed surveys regarding a pre-existing praise note intervention. Surveys consisted of 13 quantitative items and two open-ended questions. Quantitative and qualitative results indicate that participants had positive perceptions of praise notes. Participants also believed that praise notes helped improve relationships, home/school communication, and student behavior. Results also suggest that praise notes are sustainable and have a good level of buy-in. While parents liked praise notes and believed that praise notes improved home/school communication, teachers seemed unaware of parents' enthusiasm. Implications and limitations of this study are addressed.
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Boggs, Teresa. "The Effects of Social Validity on East Tennessee State University’s Positive Eating Program." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1505.
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Rae, Kirsty Margaret. "Measuring Stakeholder Perceptions: A Review of Social Validity Measures in Speech Pathology Research." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1587771051079892.
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Wahonick, Jennifer. "TEACHING COLLEGE STUDENTS HOW TO ANSWER INTERVIEW QUESTIONS: CONTENT, FLUENCY, AND SOCIAL VALIDITY." Scholarly Commons, 2020. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3722.
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Poor interview performance may be one factor contributing to the unemployment and underemployment of recent college graduates, and content and fluency of interview answers seem to be especially important. Although decades of research have shown improvements in interview skills using instructions, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback, researchers have noted that the duration of training could limit the practicality of using these procedures in college classrooms or career centers. Additional time could be saved if teaching one skill led to collateral changes in another. Although previous research reported collateral changes in speech disfluencies after targeting elements of answer content (Hollandsworth et al., 1978), this study examined the reliability, validity, and generality of these findings. Training effects were evaluated using simulated interviews with the experimenter acting as the interviewer. To evaluate the durability of changes in answer content and fluency, students participated in simulated interviews one week after completing training (maintenance) and with an individual who frequently conducts interviews before and after training (generality). Answer content improved for all 3 participants after only 2 training sessions, and these improvements maintained after a week and during generality probes. However, there were no collateral improvements in speech disfluencies.
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Konstabel, Kenn. "The structure and validity of self- and peer-reported personality traits /." Tartu : Tartu University Press, 2006. http://dspace.utlib.ee/dspace/bitstream/10062/1160/5/konstabel.pdf.
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Larmarange, Joseph. "Prévalences du VIH en Afrique : validité d'une mesure." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00320283.
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Les prévalences nationales du VIH sont estimées, en Afrique subsaharienne, à partir de deux sources : la surveillance sentinelle des femmes enceintes et les enquêtes nationales en population générale (EDS). En plusieurs endroits, les résultats divergent, questionnant la validité de chaque approche. Quelles portée, limites et signification objective peuvent être accordées aux diverses observations, chacune appréhendant le réel sous un angle différent ?Les EDS constituent un bon indicateur du niveau des épidémies à l'échelle national et régional, voir infrarégional grâce au recours à des techniques d'analyse spatiale en composantes d'échelles. Mais leur fréquence est inadaptée pour mesurer les évolutions à court terme. La surveillance sentinelle, estimateur local des ordres de grandeur, peut être un indicateur de tendances sous certaines conditions. Cependant, si la situation actuelle commence à être mieux connue, une mesure réelle des dynamiques est encore hors de notre portée.
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Slade, Denim L. "An Assessment of the Concurrent Validity of the Family Profile II." DigitalCommons@USU, 1998. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2544.
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This study was designed to assess the concurrent validity of the Family Profile II (FPII). The FPII is an instrument designed to measure 13 areas of family functioning. Matches for II of the 13 subscales of the FPII were identified from the literature. These comparison subscales were used to confirm the concurrent validity of the FPII. The sample consisted of 229 undergraduate students enrolled in summer classes at Utah State University. The factor structure of the FPII was also assessed. Four of the 13 subscales factored exactly as previously reported. Five factored with only minimal differences. The remaining four subscales were substantially different. All of the correlations between the FPII subscales and the comparison subscales were statistically significant. Five of the pairs shared 42% or more of their variance. Results indicate that the FPII has promise as an easy-to-score-and-interpret measure of the 13 aspects of family functioning it assesses.
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Hales, Gina P. "The Social Validity of Online Parent Involvement in a School-based Social and Emotional Learning Program: WhyTry for Parents." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6703.
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Involving parents in school-based learning can be difficult for both schools and parents, and more innovative approaches to involving parents are needed. Internet-based programs have the potential to address barriers to parent participation, but more research is needed to determine the effectiveness and social validity of such programs. This study explored the social validity of WhyTry for Parents, an internet-based program for parents of students enrolled in WhyTry, a school-based social and emotional learning program for students in grades K through 12. Eleven elementary, middle, and high schools across the United States participated in the study by inviting parents of WhyTry students to use the WhyTry for Parents curriculum. Whether or not parents utilized the curriculum, they were invited to take a survey about the importance they placed on the program's goals, procedures, and effects, and to give reasons for their level of participation in the program. A total of 836 parents were invited to take part in the study, and 14 parents made up the final sample. Coordinators (n = 10) of the WhyTry program at each school were invited to participate in interviews focused on their perspectives of parent participation rates and the WhyTry for Parents program. Regardless of whether parents utilized the curriculum, they found a high degree of social validity in WhyTry for Parents; however, they suggested that the curriculum be simplified and made more accessible. WhyTry coordinators suggested that low participation rates were due to parent resistance, and that helping parents to understand WhyTry might help overcome this resistance. Parents and coordinators suggested that the curriculum be available by app to improve accessibility. Future research should explore the social validity of WhyTry for Parents from the perspective of educators, who implement the program at the school level. Studying the costs associated with internet-based parent programs for both schools and parents may also be prudent.
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Soojeong, Ha. "Challenging the Validity of the South Korean Development Model : A Social Aspect of SustainabilityPerspective." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-150792.
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After the severe devastation from the Korean War between 1950~1953, SouthKorea achieved a complete makeover. The country with the 12th largest economy inthe world commemorated its success by hosting the G20 summit in 2010 for thefirst time in Asia. Korea is the only country switched its status from aninternational aid recipient to a donor. The country is known to have a highpotential to grow even further with its emerging economy.Many developing countries in Africa, South East Asia and Latin Americadeclared that they adopted or plan to adopt the Korean development model which isgovernment-driven industrialization nurturing exports. However behind thedazzling skyscrapers, the country is reported to be suffering from a high suiciderate, rising temporary employment, disparity, value crisis and increasing antisocialbehaviours.Based on an analysis of indices, the country is diagnosed to be in anomie. Thesociety is going through moral breakdown due to commodification introducedduring the rapid industrialization. Given that society is shaped through a constantreconciliation between freedom and security, Korea has sacrificed its security byletting market freedom override politics, which has to function as a soundmoderator, to the point it cannot be controlled.This paper argues that ensuring the primacy of politics to rein in marketfreedom is an urgent task. Market needs to be repositioned under society in pursuitof restoring the balance between freedom and security which should work as thebasis of the every development agenda. Sound governance and transparency asprerequisites, many countries should establish those before starting to implement adevelopment plan. Restoring community is heightened both as a measure ofprevention and cure that it can be started at the individual level.
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Tannenbaum, Ilana J. "The impact of social context on the conceptualization of sexual orientation construct validity investigation /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1153031007.
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Coventry, T. L. "Loss of social status as an animal model of depression : an evaluation of validity." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.636304.
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Patterson, Erika K. "The social class attitudes scale (SCAS) : instrument development and estimates for reliability and validity /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099621.
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Feldman, Sara P. "Measurement of Fidelity and Social Validity: Caregiver Application of Trial-Based Functional Analysis Procedures." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248422/.
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The present study utilized multiple-baseline and multi-probe across participants designs to measure both fidelity and efficacy of caregivers as primary interventionists when using trial-based functional analysis (TBFA) procedures. Participants included any caregiver of a child with a medical or educational diagnosis of autism and challenging behavior. Caregiver fidelity of implementation of TBFA procedures was measured across three phases: baseline, training, and independent implementation or generalization. Within the implementation phase, caregivers independently conducted TBFAs on their respective children within the home setting. Fidelity, efficacy, and social validity across each participant were measured. Each caregiver was able to reach fidelity during the training phase, and three out of five caregivers were able to identify a clear behavior function for their child's behavior within the implementation phase of the study. Social validity was evaluated. Results indicate that caregivers may be able to supplement traditional interventionists during the TBFA process. Implications for future practice are reviewed.
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DAWSON, SCOTT ALEXANDER. "STORE PRESTIGE: ISSUES OF VALIDITY AND MEASUREMENT (ARTICULATION, CONSENSUS, CULTURE)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187976.
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The research concerns one of the more central components of store image, that of prestige or status. Relevant literatures include store image, occupational prestige, social class, and life style. The investigation focuses on two primary areas of inquiry. The first concerns establishing the construct validity of store prestige using a structural equations methodology. The second area examines the characteristics which cause individuals to differ in prestige grading and uses a similar methodology. Two scales are used to measure prestige, price, and quality of fifteen stores where clothing can be purchased. The results indicate that for this product class and the stores considered, individuals equate the three image dimensions at near unity. In this study the construct validity of store prestige is not supported. Future research using a broader range of retail institutions and different measurement techniques will lead to more definitive conclusions. Without firm conceptual standing of the measurement of store prestige, the second part of the dissertation is re-conceptualized. Store prestige dissensus and articulation are defined more generally as store image dissensus and articulation. The sample as a whole exhibits a substantial degree of agreement when ranking the stores according to any of the three image dimensions. Yet, for stores which may be considered more high culture, there is significantly less agreement in rankings. Although not statistically significant, there is a substantive trend toward increasing consensus in rankings among groups higher in education, occupational prestige, income, browsing, purchasing, and clothing involvement. Finally, with the exceptions of occupational prestige and income, all of these same characteristics are statistically significant predictors of store image articulation. The dissertation concludes with a model proposing cause and effect linkages of retail cognitive complexity. While the research was not originally pursued from a cognitive psychology framework, the results concerning store image articulation suggest several hypotheses involving the more general concept of cognitive complexity.
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Danquah, Lisa Odoso. "Measuring hand washing behaviour in low income settings : methodological and validity issues." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/166585/.
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Significant global health attention and promotion has been focused on hand washing with soap due to the clear benefits observed in promoting and ensuring child health. However, the measurement and evaluation of hand washing behaviours remains complex. The Sanitation, Hygiene Education and Water Supply in Bangladesh Programme (SHEWA-B) is a large project being implemented by the Government of Bangladesh and UNICEF. This research assessed methodological issues of measuring hand washing behaviours through comparison of structured observation and responses to cross-sectional survey measures (spot-check observation, selfreported hand washing and a hand washing demonstration) and discusses the suitability of indicators. Focus group discussions with fieldworkers were also conducted. The results of this study indicate that hand washing behaviours were over-reported compared with structured observation findings. This implies that current estimates of hand washing from large scale surveys, for example, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are also likely to be overestimates. In about 1000 households, approximately 1% or less of female caregivers were observed to wash their hands with soap or ash before preparing food, before eating, and 3% before feeding a child. Hand washing with soap was higher for defecation related events with approximately 29% of female caregivers using soap two thirds or more of the time after cleaning a child’s anus/disposing of a child’s stools and 38% used soap two-thirds or more of the time after defecation. Soap was observed at the hand washing location in about 50% of the households but actual practice was much lower. Reported knowledge was high; approximately 90% identified the important times for hand washing as being before eating and after defecation and approximately 50% identified before preparing food and after cleaning/changing a baby. The measurement of hand washing is complex and there has been limited research into the validity of different measurement methods. This research used an epidemiological style approach using the concepts of screening/diagnostic testing and calculation of kappa statistics to assess validity. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that self report hand washing measures are subject to over reporting. Structured observation provides useful information on directly observed hand washing behaviours and the frequency of behaviours. Spot check methods of soap and hand washing locations also provide more optimistic data than observations and can be used as an alternative to structured observation. In addition, the use of questions on the 24 hour recall of soap and other self report questions on knowledge and the availability of spare soap demonstrate potential for use as potential indicators as an alternative to structured observation. Further validation of measurement methods is required in different country settings.
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Kramp, Angela. "Depression in College Students: Construct Validity of the Student Experience Inventory." TopSCHOLAR®, 1987. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2511.
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Research suggests that the population of undergraduate college students may be especially prone to depression. While the prevalence of depression within the general population ranges from 3 to 9 percent (Boyd & Weissman, 1981), it has been shown that between 15 and 46 percent of undergraduate college students suffer the symptoms of mild to severe depression (Beck & Young, 1978; Oliver & Burkham, 1979). Although depression is prevalent among college students, there are no known instruments yielding indices of depression specific to the college population. In fact, depression measures frequently employed in college settings seldom recognize the unique features of depression among college students (e.g., academic anxiety, scholastic difficulties).
The purpose of this study was to provide validity evidence for the Student Experience Inventory (SEI), which was specifically designed to assess depression among college students. Validation efforts consisted of: (a) cross validating the internal consistency results yielded by Kirkland and Redfield (1985) and (b) demonstrating the convergent and discriminant properties of the SEI.
The SEI, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Psychological Distress Inventory (PDI) were administered to 153 Introduction to Psychology students. Coefficient alpha for the SEI total scale was .90. Coefficient alphas for each of the seven hypothesized subscales ranged from .41 to .72. Stepwise multiple regression, using SEI scores as the criterion and BDI and PDI scores as the predictors, demonstrated that the best predictor model consisted only of the BDI total score. All Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients reflecting pairwise relationships between variables proved statistically significant (p<.01) and ranged from .23 to .61. The correlation of SEI and BDI scores yielded a coefficient of .61. A principle components factor analysis of SEI items produced eight factors, which cumulatively explained 62 percent of the total variance.
The results of this study suggest that the SEI may prove a useful tool in the measurement of depression in college students. If the SEI is to be used to discriminate between depressed and nondepressed college students, future research should include investigation of the SEI's ability to detect change in differing populations.
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Scott, Sara Ann. "An analysis of the validity of the Enneagram." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550154163.
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Moxley-South, Kathleen, and Kathleen Moxley-South. "The Environmental Screening Questionnaire: Validity and Utility Study." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12533.
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Accumulative family risk factors can have a detrimental impact on young children's social emotional development and future school readiness. Identifying family risk and resilience factors can be a first step in linking families to needed services. Programs that serve families and children need a brief and valid screening tool that can quickly assess family strengths and needs. This study examined the validity and utility of the Environmental Screening Questionnaire (ESQ), a brief caregiver report of the family's situation.
Participants included 324 parent/child (ages 3-60 months) dyads from a sample of programs that serve at-risk families (n = 72) and an online sample of caregivers (n = 252). Results from data analyses evaluating the validity and utility were promising. Validity was investigated by examining convergent validity using the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form. Caregivers from the online sample who had more family risk factors, as identified in the ESQ, were more likely to have elevated levels of stress (r = .23). Moreover, children from families with increased risk factors tended to have higher scores on the Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social Emotional (ASQ:SE) for two age intervals, 6 and 48 months, for the online sample.
Utility data were gathered from caregivers and program staff. Results suggest the ESQ is an effective and useful screening measure that can help professionals identify areas of resource need, organize referral information, and monitor family outcomes. Caregivers found the ESQ to be helpful in understanding personal areas of risk and how risk and resilience factors can affect children's social emotional development.
This study assisted in developing preliminary "red flag" risk factors that may be useful to programs serving families and children. Testing of the "red flags" is discussed for future research.10000-01-01
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Wilson, Richard J. "Self-Report Measures of Family Hierarchy: Construct and Predictive Validity." W&M ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625557.
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Michael, Steven T. "Attributional style : a confirmatory factor analysis." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/770937.
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The purpose of the current study was to investigate three aspects of the construct validity of attributional style assessment instruments. The first purpose was to determine the independence of stability and globality. The second was to determine if controllability was a dimension of attributional style. The third purpose was to determine if inventories that use real or hypothetical events measure attributional style equally well. One hundred fifty-nine female, and one hudred fifty-five male subjects, completed four questionnaires that assessed attributional style. Results provided some support for the general construct of attributional style. All four factors were found, which demonstrates the support for the four factor model. However, the two factor model may be the best overall method. No method factor (real or hypothetical stimulus event) solution was obtained. Possible sex differences are discussed. The findings are discussed in terms of attribution theory. Suggestions for further research are presented.Department of Psychological Science
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Gaede, Rolf Joachim. "Validity in image-based research : a Delphi study." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16049.
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Thesis (DPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The area of study is the notion of validity in image-based research, i.e. research approaches where visual images such as photographs or video recordings form an integral part of one or more of the methods used. In the literature investigation chapters of the study, (1) the notion of validity is reviewed with special reference to contributions by Cook and Campbell, Guba and Lincoln, Kvale, Lather and Morse; (2) the inherent properties of visual images are discussed from a semiotic perspective, and (3) following a discussion of reflexivity in image-based research, the various domains of image-based research practice are demarcated according to the unit of analysis, the data format, the researcher role (outsider, insider, participant) and the production of the visual material (ex ante or ex post with weak or strong researcher control). The literature investigation chapters were taken as the point of departure for the development of a conceptual framework for assessing validity in image-based research, the mechanics of which are illustrated with reference to selected aspects of image-based research projects by Lomax and Casey, Clark and Zimmer, Rich and Chalfen, DuFon and Chaplin. The conceptual framework was refined on the strength of a Delphi study. The Delphi procedure involved canvassing and pooling the opinions of experts in the field of image-based research about issues of validity with a view to ensure that the assumptions made during the development of the conceptual framework fit sufficiently with image-based research practice. Flowing from the literature investigation chapters as well as the Delphi procedure, the central thesis of the study is that the notion of validity is in the first instance contextdependent and that this is compounded in the case of image-based research by the relative instability of iconic codes and the strong drift towards 'unlimited' semiosis inherent in the visual communication process.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studieveld behels ‘n ondersoek na die gedagte van geldigheid soos van toepassing op beeldgebaseerde navorsing, d.w.s. navorsingsbenaderings waar visuele beelde soos foto’s of video-opnames ‘n integrale deel uitmaak maak een of meer van die metodes wat gebruik word. In die hoofstukke wat die literatuurstudie uitmaak, word (1) die gedagte van geldigheid onder die loep geneem met spesifieke verwysing na die bydraes van Cook en Campbell, Guba en Lincoln, Kvale, Lather en Morse, (2) word die inherente eienskappe van visuele beelde vanaf 'n semiotiese oogpunt bespreek, en (3) word die verskeie velde van beeldgebaseerde navorsingspraktyk afgebaken volgens die eenheid van ontleding, die dataformaat, die rol van die navorser (buitestaander, binnestaander, deelnemer) en die produksie van die visuele materiaal (ex ante of ex post met sterk of swak navorserkontrole). Die hoofstukke wat gemoeid is met die literatuurstudie is as vertrekpunt geneem vir die daarstelling van ‘n konsepsuele raamwerk vir geldigheid aangaande beeldgebaseerde navorsing, en die werking hiervan is geïllustreer met verwysing na geselekteerde aspekte van beeldgebaseerde navorsing deur Lomax en Casey, Clark en Zimmer, Rich en Chalfen, DuFon end Chaplin. Hierdie konsepsuele raamwerk is verder verfyn op grond van ‘n Delphi-prosedure. Die Delphi-prosedure het behels dat die opinies van deskundiges in die veld van beeldgebaseerde navorsing aangaande kwessies van geldigheid ingewin en saamgevoeg is met die oog om te verseker dat die aannames wat gemaak is ten tyde van die ontwikkeling van die konsepsuele raamwerk genoegsaam gepas is vir die praktyk van beeldgebaseerde navorsing. Die tesis van die studie, gebaseer op die uitkomste van die literatuurstudie en die Delphi-prosedure, is dat die gedagte van geldigheid konteks-afhanklik is, wat in die geval van beeldgebaseerde navorsing vererger word deur die feit dat ikoniese kodes relatiefonstabiel is en dat die proses van visuele kommunikasie 'n sterk tendens na 'eindelose' semiosis toon.
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Learn, Michael Scott. "Consequential Validity and Social Studies Education: An Examination of Standards, Assessment Policies, and Teacher Preparation." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/29739.
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Educational quality is a way to influence the future of the American economy (Hanushek, 1986). Large-scale assessments are designed to determine quality in education by measuring student achievement. A connection exists between the standards, teachers, and assessments that form a system of accountability within education. State and national accountability policies place value in certain educational fields, thereby preferring some while excluding others. As a result, accountability systems influence the field of social studies in several unanticipated ways. Consequential validity suggests that assessments should include value implications and relevance (Messick, 1989).
While assessment research examines the disciplines of mathematics, science, and language arts in a more holistic manner, the few social studies assessments are often divided among the field?s various disciplines. The purpose of social studies, and its development of standards, is firmly linked to the current state of disunity within the social studies field. These issues are reflected in teacher preparation policies as well as state assessment policies. Social studies advocates have proven that, in other subjects, teachers and instructional methods are influenced by assessment. Fortunately, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) provides an opportunity to determine whether the exclusion of social studies within the state/national accountability system is impacting student achievement in social studies.
The current systems make social studies uniquely positioned for studying the effects of large-scale assessment upon the field. Uses and interpretations of assessment data by researchers have been limited in social studies because the subject is not incorporated into most accountability policies. State policy governs educational standards, teacher licensure, and the extent of assessments upon students. For this study, the social studies NAEP assessment is divided into three separate tests (U.S. History, Geography, and Civics). By looking at data from the fourth-, eighth-, and twelfth-grade 2010 social studies NAEP tests, this study will investigate some of the unintended consequences of educational assessment culture. I will examine social studies through different lenses and apply the concept of consequential validity to social studies in order to understand the value of social studies within education.
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Tannenbaum, Ilana J. "The impact of social contest on the conceptualization of sexual orientation: a construct validity investigation." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1153031007.
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Fernandez, de Cueto Julio. "The incremental validity of context-specific versus broad characteristics in international assignments." FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3309.
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This study extends the approach of using personality characteristics in the selection of individuals for international assignments. Previous research has focused on using broad-based personality factors to test empirically the value of personality variables as predictors of performance during international assignments. In contrast, this study focused on developing and testing the incremental validity of predictors specific to the context of international assignments. Drawing from the literature on expatriate management, a measure named Global Characteristics Self-Assessment was created containing characteristics deemed important to the success of international assignments. Findings suggested that these context-specific predictors were better predictors than the broad-based Five Factors of personality.
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Colakoglu, Zeliha Ruhsar. "Establishing The Validity Of A Leadership Based Situational Judgment Test." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615673/index.pdf.
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The aim of this study was to develop a leadership measure using situational judgment test (SJT) methodology and to evaluate both construct and criterion-related validity of the developed SJT with respect to a well established measure of leadership, the Leadership Opinion Questionnaire (LOQ).
In this study, it was hypothesized that task-oriented leadership-based SJT (SJT-T) is positively related to the supervisors&rsquoand subordinates&rsquo
ratings of task-oriented leadership as assessed by the LOQ and relationship-oriented SJT (SJT-L) would be positively related to the supervisors&rsquo
and subordinates&rsquo
ratings of the relationship-oriented leadership as assessed by the LOQ. The data were collected from supervisors (N = 87) and their subordinates (N = 160) in a government organization in Ankara. The results indicated that the expected division of SJT-T and SJT-R was not possible. Therefore, rather than developing two SJTs measuring task- and relationship-oriented leadership, a decision was made to develop a general SJT-L measuring context-specific leadership and the hypotheses were tested on an exploratory basis without making a distinction between SJT-T and SJT-R. It was found that the relationship between the SJT-L and supervisors&rsquo
self ratings for task-oriented LOQ was significant but in the unexpected direction. However, the relationship between the SJT-L and subordinates&rsquo
ratings for their supervisors&rsquo
relationship-oriented leadership, using the LOQ, was positive and significant. Lastly, SJT-L was found to be a significant and unique predictor of subordinates&rsquo
ratings of leadership performance. Limitations of the study are acknowledged and results are discussed along with some suggestions for future research.
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Oosthuizen, Johan Christiaan. "Development of a multidimensional measuring instrument of social support / Johan Christiaan Oosthuizen." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1828.
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Social support has been proven to play a major role in the well-being of an individual. Unfortunately, the conceptualisation of the construct is vague and many authors disagree about the various properties and dimensions of the construct. Seen from a health-related perspective, social support can be regarded as divided into two main spectrums, the main-effect model and the stress-buffering model. The main-effect model proposes that social support has a beneficial effect, whether or not an individual is under stress, while the stress-buffering model proposes that social support buffers an individual from potentially pathological influences. The construct is furthermore conceptualised as consisting of distinct structural, functional and perceptual dimensions. The aim of the research was to develop an instrument which would incorporate all three of these dimensions and could be proven valid and statistically reliable.
A cross-sectional survey design was used. An availability sample of qualified educators in the North-West Province of South Africa was used. The Social Support Survey was developed as a measuring instrument and administered along with a biographical questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data.
Contrary to expectation, factor analysis indicated that the four factors regarding the characteristics of the support, as well as the five factors regarding the types of support, were clustered around the source of support. This might be due to the Likert-scale matrix design of the questionnaire, which required participants to answer a wide range of questions regarding the type, importance, amount, adequacy and accessibility of support.
By way of conclusion, recommendations were made.Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2008.
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West, Carlie. "Validity of the Clinical Assessment of Depression with the Brief Symptom Inventory." TopSCHOLAR®, 2007. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/386.
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Depression is a disorder frequently noted in college students that can affect multiple aspects of one's life, ranging from physical health issues to interpersonal relationship difficulties. Therefore, it is imperative that the depressive symptoms of college students be identified, evaluated, and treated. This investigation explored the validity of a newly published self-report narrow-band measure of depression, the Clinical Assessment of Depression (CAD; Bracken & Howell, 2004) with an existing broad-band measure, the Brief Symptom Inventory (Derogatis, 1993). College students 18 to 52 years of age (n = 280) enrolled in undergraduate courses in psychology at a south central Kentucky university provided the study data. Strong positive correlations (.60 to 1.0) supported convergent validity between three of the five scales on the CAD with the BSI Global Severity Index. Moderate level correlations (.20 to .60) between dissimilar scales supported divergent validity between the two measures. The correlations between the measures generally supported stronger relationships between scales of similar symptom patterns. Acceptable classification consistency (80%) existed between the two measures using the BSI Global Severity Index at or above a T score of 63 and the CAD two standard deviations above the mean classification criterion (T > 70). The combination of the two criterion resulted in acceptable classification consistency for all CAD scales with the BSI Somatization, Depression and Anxiety Scales. This study also investigated gender differences. Independent /-tests evidenced no mean score differences based on gender for the CAD Total score. Results support the use of the CAD as an adequate diagnostic tool for depression with college students. A discussion of implications for use of the CAD provides guides for practice and suggestions for further research.