Academic literature on the topic 'Value based Systems of Remuneration'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Value based Systems of Remuneration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Value based Systems of Remuneration"
1
Jakubcová, Marie, and Anna Fedorová. "Implementation of EVA indicator in value based remuneration system in small and medium-sized enterprises." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 4 (2012): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260040141.
Full textAbstract:
A value based remuneration system can be ranked among the modern remuneration systems. The value based remuneration systems focus their attention on the interconnection of the personal objectives of employees with the objectives of owners. Such an aim can be accomplished by meticulously selected evaluation quantities. A presented article concentrates on the economic value added quantity. This topic was a subject of an undertaken research within the framework of the Internal Grant Agency of the Faculty of Business and Management, the partial objective of which was to acquire the information on the value based remuneration systems applied in the small and medium-sized enterprises situated in the South-Moravia region. Selected research results are presented in the submitted article. The investigation research outputs enriched and completed a literary background research and together with the secondary research results facilitated the formulation of pre-requisites appropriate for the value based remuneration system application in the remuneration schemes of the small and medium-sized enterprises. On the basis of the formulation of these pre-requisites the article describes the EVA indicator implementation progress steps in the value based remuneration system and, subsequently, an employee value based remuneration model with the indicator of the economic value added is introduced.
2
Staňková, Marie. "Analysis of remuneration systems in small and medium enterprises." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, no. 6 (2010): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058060473.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted article is focused on the problem of employees’ remuneration. It investigates the importance of remuneration systems at management of companies. The article deals with factors influencing employees, their motivation for reaching company´s goals, and with company remuneration systems as well. The observed topic was, is and will be still actual because increasing of employees´ performance in connection with concurrent effort for quality employees maintenance is very demanding managerial task in every stage of company´s development. Last, but not the least, it is necessary to realize that remuneration systems should lead not only to increase in company´s performance, but they should support especially the reaching of company´s goals. In present, increasing the value of company is possible to be considered as the highest company´s goal. Increase of company´s value can be ensured also by the means of value based remuneration as an important and effective tool of value based management. Because it is a tool which is relatively new and not experienced in the Czech environment, the focus is directed on it as well in the article. Then, the aim of the article is to provide complex view on the problem of importance of remuneration systems in small and middle sized companies in the South Moravian Region.
3
Deschenes, Sebastien, Hamadou Boubacar, Miguel Rojas, and Tania Morris. "Is top-management remuneration influenced by board characteristics?" International Journal of Accounting & Information Management 23, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 60–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijaim-11-2013-0062.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this article is to examine if certain board characteristics have an impact on the total remuneration of top management and the ratio of stock-based remuneration to total top-management remuneration. Design/methodology/approach – The study draws on data from the largest public Canadian companies, the constituents of the TSX/60 index. The study controls for firm size and profitability. Findings – The authors concludes that total remuneration of top management is directly linked to board-member total remuneration and the board average number of director-tenure years. The study also shows that the ratio of stock-based to total top-management remuneration is positively affected by the percentage of independent directors, total remuneration of board directors, the ratio of stock-based remuneration of directors to their total remuneration and the average number of tenure years of the board of directors. Practical implications – If regulators are determined to curb the excesses in top-management remuneration by means of promoting boards with certain characteristics, they should implement measures facilitating the control of directors’ remuneration and tenure, to discourage cronyistic behavior. Good corporate governance requires that the board act as a counterbalance to top management, ensuring that a substantial percentage of top-executive total compensation is variable, and not fixed. According to our findings, the boards that are the most likely to hold managerial avoidance of variable pay in check are those favoring director independence, variable director remuneration and longer director tenures. Social implications – The present article examines specifically the latter aspect, namely, the role of board characteristics (independence, size, compensation, board director ownership and tenure, etc.) in the determination of top-management compensation. This relationship is important because it allows us to further the analysis of corporate governance. If the above-mentioned traits of boards have a meaningful relationship with the compensation of the top management, one might conclude that certain practices in the composition of boards could influence good corporate governance practices. This is relevant for regulatory agencies, for investors and for corporations. Originality/value – The article adds to the extant literature in a number of ways. Firstly, it considers the role of the traits of the board in the determination of the compensation of the top-management teams, and not only of the chief executive officer, as is the focus of previous literature. Secondly, the article focuses on the power interplay between boards and managers, and, more particularly, on the ability of boards to be an effective mechanism of corporate governance. Finally, the article examines the potential impact of board traits in the determination of top-management compensation in the context of Canadian firms, a subject that has received less attention from academic research, which has mostly concentrated on analyzing the issue in the US context.
4
Wiskemann, Gabriel. "Farewell to performance ratings." Strategic HR Review 15, no. 6 (November 14, 2016): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/shr-06-2016-0057.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between individual performance and remuneration. Design/methodology/approach The paper critically examines the importance of payment systems as a means of directly controlling employee behavior. Findings Abolishing performance ratings does not mean denying the importance of performance as the essential reference value. Instead, it is precisely the concept of ongoing dialogue through which the performance aspect comes to the fore. Originality/value The paper examines dialogue as basis for performance-based payment.
5
Zhu, Weidong, Yufei Tian, Xue Hu, Quan Ku, and Xiaoya Dai. "Research on relationship between government innovation funding and firms value creation using clustering-rough sets." Kybernetes 49, no. 2 (September 28, 2019): 578–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-03-2019-0208.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reveal the pattern between government innovation funding and enterprise value creation. Many factors, including government innovation funding, R&D ability, corporate governance and some company characteristics significantly affected the efficiency of firm value creation. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposed a novel methodology based on clustering-rough sets to explore the characteristics of enterprise value creation behavior, and map the relationship between government innovation funding and enterprise value creation. The agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC) algorithm were used to classify firm performance and get two types of value creation efficiencies and to discretize condition attributes because the rough set theory cannot deal with continuous attributes. This paper utilized the rough sets method to realize data mining and get rules of government innovation funding and enterprise value creation. Findings R&D ability, proportion of independent directors, remuneration of directors, operating revenue, number of employees, price-earnings ratio, quick ratio, capital intensity and ROA were important to identify firm value creation efficiency when government funded the firms. Firms of high level of government innovation funding, high lagged R&D ratio, high remuneration of directors, low price-earnings ratio, low quick ratio, moderate capital intensity and high ROA were more likely to have high efficiency of value creation. Originality/value Since China implemented the innovation-driven development strategy, facilitating enterprise innovation has become an important way to achieve high-quality economic growth. With constantly increasing of Chinese government innovation funding, studying on the effect of government innovation funding on firm’s value creation is significant to improve the efficiency of government resource allocation. It is valuable to reveal the pattern between government innovation funding and enterprise value creation based on the value added theory. The rules obtained could be used to provide decision-making support to improve the efficiency of government innovation funding and prevent waste of government resources effectively.
6
Bogachyova, O., and O. Smorodinov. "Pay Systems in Public Sector of OECD Countries." World Economy and International Relations 64, no. 12 (2020): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2020-64-12-54-62.
Full textAbstract:
The article deals with development of public sector pay systems in OECD countries. It is noted that reforms in this sphere began in the 1980s as part of the implementation of the broader concept of “New public management”, which was based on active introduction of market mechanisms and instruments in the activities of public sector organizations. The authors consider how the reforms affected changes in all elements of the pay systems – the basic and variable parts of payment, the tariff schedule, and the classification of jobs (positions). It is shown how transition from traditional unified tariff schedule of basic remuneration to a grade scale was connected with the shift of career model to position model, in which the key role was assigned to employee’s qualifications and performance. Further reform of pay systems has resulted in expansion of competence-related pay and further strengthening the role of grading as a tool for organizing pay in public sector. In this regard, the role of job classification, professional standards that allow to objectively assess the value of each type of activity (each position) for a specific organization and form an effective grading scale of basic pay has significantly increased. Reforms of pay systems in OECD countries have affected both basic, and variable parts of pay, as a result of which different pay systems can be applied not only within a single country, but also sometimes within a single organization. The article discusses the most common of these systems – performance-related pay, competence-, skill- and merit-based pay systems.
7
Castellano, Sergio. "Photovoltaic greenhouses: evaluation of shading effect and its influence on agricultural performances." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 45, no. 4 (December 21, 2014): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2014.433.
Full textAbstract:
During the last years, European government remuneration polices promoted the realisation of photovoltaic systems integrated with the structures instead of on ground photovoltaic (PV) plants. In this context, in rural areas, greenhouses covered with PV modules have been developed. In order to interdict the building of greenhouses with an amount of opaque panels on covering not coherent with the plant production, local laws assigned a threshold value, usually between 25% and 50%, of the projection on the soil of the roof. These ranges seem not to be based on scientific evaluation about the agricultural performances required to the building but only on empirical assessments. Purpose of this paper is to contribute to better understand the effect of different configurations of PV panels on the covering of a monospan duo-pitched roof greenhouse in terms of shading effect and energy efficiency during different periods of the year. At this aim, daylighting and insolation analysis were performed by means of the software Autodesk<sup>®</sup> Ecotect<sup>®</sup> Analysis (Autodesk, Inc., San Rafael, CA, USA) on greenhouse model with different covering ratio of polycrystalline photovoltaic panels on the roof.
8
Krueger, Thomas, and Jack Shorter. "Bibliographic measures of top-tier finance and information systems journals." Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education 12, no. 5 (November 19, 2019): 841–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-12-2018-0257.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Pay, tenure and promotion decisions are frequently based upon inferences regarding the value of faculty research. Meanwhile, departmental, college and university reputations are frequently based on perceptions regarding the quality of research being produced by its faculty. Making correct inferences requires accurate measurement of research quality, which is often based upon the journal through which results are shared. This research expands upon the research found elsewhere through its detailed investigation of leading journals in two business disciplines, including examination of four different citation-based measures and four journal characteristics which are exogenous to the quality of any individual piece of research. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This study assists in the development of an accurate perspective regarding research quality, by studying the popular Journal Citation Reports (JCR) impact factor. A further expansion on the past literature is consideration of three newer journal quality metrics: SCImago Journal Rank (SJR), Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) and percentage of articles cited. Top-tier journals in finance and information systems are compared to evaluate the consistency of these measures across disciplines. Differences in journal characteristics and their impact on citation-rate based measures of quality are also examined. The potential impact of discipline-based variation in acceptance rate, issue frequency, the time since journal inception and total reviewers are put forth as additional potential exogenous factors that may impact the perception of journal quality. t-Tests are employed for discipline comparisons, while correlation and multiple regression are used for journal characteristic analysis. Findings There is a significant difference in the JCR impact measures of high-quality finance journals vs high-quality information systems journals, which are correlated with a variety of journal-specific factors including the journal’s acceptance rate and frequency of issue. Information systems journals domination of finance journals persists whether one considers mean, median, minimum or maximum impact factors. SJR measures for finance journals are consistently higher than information systems journals, though the SJR value of any individual journal can be quite volatile. By comparison, the SNIP metric rates premier information systems journals higher. Over 12 percent more of the articles in leading information systems journals are cited during the initial three years. Research limitations/implications Logical extensions of this research include examining journals in other business disciplines. One could also evaluate quality measures reaction to variation in journal characteristics (i.e. changes in acceptance rates). Furthermore, one could include other measures of journal quality, including the recently released CiteScore metric. Such research will build on the present research and improve the accuracy of research quality assessment. Practical implications To the extent that citation-based research measures and journal-specific factors vary across disciplines as demonstrated by our investigation, discipline-specific traits should be considered adjusted for, when making inferences about the long-term value of recently published research. For instance, finance faculty publishing in journals with JCR readings of 2.0 are in journals that are 53 percent above the discipline’s average, while information systems faculty publishing in journals with JCR readings of 2.0 are in journals that are 18 percent below the discipline’s average. Furthermore, discipline-specific differences in journal characteristics, leading to differences in citation-based quality measures, should be considered when making inferences about the long-term value of recently published research in the process of making recommendations regarding salary adjustments, retention and promotion. Social implications Quantity and quality of research are two hallmarks of leading research institutions. Assessing research quality is very problematic because its definition has changed from being based on review process (i.e. blind refereed), to acceptance rates, to impact factors. Furthermore, the impact factor construct has been a lightning rod of controversy as researchers, administrators and journals themselves argue over which metric to employ. This research is attempting to assess how impact factors and journal characteristics may influence the impact factors, and how these interactions vary business discipline. The research is especially important and relevant to the authors which separately chair departments including finance and information systems faculty, and therefore are in roles requiring assessment of faculty research productivity including quality. Originality/value This study is a detailed analysis of bibliographic aspects of the top-tier journals in two quantitative business areas. In addition to the popular JCR, SJR and SNIP measures of performance, the analysis studies the seldom-examined percentage of the article cited metric. A deeper understanding of citation-based measures is obtained though the evaluation of changes in how journals have been rated on these metrics over time. The research shows that there are discipline-related systematic differences in both citation-based research measures and journal-specific factors and that these discipline-specific traits should be considered when making inferences about the long-term value of recently published research. Furthermore, discipline-specific difference in journal characteristics, leading to differences in citation-based quality measures, should be considered when making personnel and remuneration decisions.
9
Lyubich, S. V. "General characteristics of civil service systems." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 63 (August 9, 2021): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.63.12.
Full textAbstract:
The article is devoted to highlighting the general features of different systems of civil service organization. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that Ukraine's participation in globalization and European integration processes reflects the need to study the experience of states that make up the Western legal tradition, which should focus on civil service systems, based on the tasks of the state in democratic societies. Ukraine.
It is noted that in the postmodern era there is a need to rethink the classical models of civil service organization, analysis of modern systems of such organization and the formulation of generalized conclusions, their systematization. The purpose of the article is to systematize and generalize the various systems of civil service organization: classical, mixed and modern, available in the European political space.
The focus is on the identification of three classic systems of civil service organization that are immanent to the states of the European community: career, job and mixed. The prevalence of the career model in these states is indicated, however, the states do not focus on the characteristics of such a model, using the contamination of individual features of each of these systems. There are such features of the career system of the civil service as strict compliance with the statutory requirements as a condition for career growth of the employee; disregard for experience in the private sector; features of remuneration and pension provision of civil servants; regulation of subordination relations; normative consolidation of rules of conduct for civil servants, etc.
The defining feature of the modernization model of the civil service is the management of purely public interests and demands. The transient model assumes belonging to models with open orientation. The postmodernist model is an excellent vision, illuminating a new categorical apparatus (individual values, humanistic principles, openness).
A characteristic feature of the mixed model is the contractual relationship between a public employee and a government agency.
The significance of the main provisions and conclusions of the study is determined by the possibility of their use in public administration in Ukraine.
10
Samsudin, Samsudin. "OPTIMALISASI PENERIMAAN REMUNERASI DOSEN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RULE BASE REASONING." KLIK - KUMPULAN JURNAL ILMU KOMPUTER 6, no. 3 (November 3, 2019): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/klik.v6i3.185.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>Remuneration is a term that relates to employee payroll which is set by certain regulations routinely based on work values, with the aim of creating better and cleaner governance and increasing motivation and work performance. Performance is determined by assessing the compilation oflecturer’swork files and then verified by the department that responsible to it. Rule Base Reasoning is an expert system based on a series of rules that represent human knowledge and experience in solving some complex cases. Expert system is a system whose capability to adopt human knowledge in solving problems so the system can solve problems as is usually done by experts. To implement this method a web-based system is used using the PHP programming language with the concept of Object Oriented Programming with ecpectation this system can be designed more easily and can be developed continuously so it can optimize the acceptance of lecturer remuneration andso far it can minimize the possibility of errors due to human errors. on institutions and lecturers.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>Remuneration, Rule Base Reasoning, Performance, Lecturers, Expert Systems.</em><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><em>Remunerasi merupakan sebuah istilah yang berhubungan dengan penggajian pegawai yang ditetapkan dengan peraturan tertentu secara rutin berdasarkan nilai-nilai kerja, dengan tujuan terciptanya tata kelola yang lebih baik dan bersih serta meningkatkan motivasi dan prestasi kerja.Kinerja ditentukan dengan pengumpulan bukti kerja kepada pihak yang bertanggung jawab dan dihitung oleh badan yang ditentukan.Rule Base Reasoning adalah sistem pakar berdasarkan serangkaian aturan-aturan yang merupakan representasi dari pengetahuan dan pengalaman manusia dalam memecahkan kasus yang rumit</em><em>. </em><em>Sistem pakar adalah suatu sistem yang berusaha mengadopsi pengetahuan manusia dalam menyelesaikan masalah sehingga sistem tersebut dapat menyelesaikan masalah seperti yang biasa dilakukan oleh para pakar</em><em>.</em><em>Untuk mengimplementasikan metode ini dibuat sebuah sistem berbasis web menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dengan konsep Object Oriented Programming dengan harapan sistem ini bisa dirancang lebih mudah dan bisa dikembangkan secara berkelanjutan dan dapat mengoptimalkan penerimaan remunerasi dosen sehingga bisa memperkecil kemungkinan terjadinya kesalahan karena human error yang bisa menyebabkan kerugian pada pihak institusi maupun dosen.</em></p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: <em>Remunerasi, Rule Base Reasoning, Kinerja, Dosen, Sistem Pakar.</em><strong></strong></p>
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Value based Systems of Remuneration"
1
Jakubcová, Marie. "Možnosti využití principů hodnotového managementu k tvorbě systémů odměňování." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233737.
Full textAbstract:
The dissertation thesis is focused on value based systems of remuneration. Importance and mission of remuneration systems at company management leading to increase in value for owners, respectively for stakeholders is investigated here. The dissertation thesis deals with the factors influencing both, employees, their performance and motivation for company´s aims achievement, and companies´ systems of remuneration. The subject of dissertation thesis is actually concurrent because employees´ performance increasing in a form of stimulation bonuses, an effort for possessing employees in the company, and dividing company´s profit for employees at the same time are very demanding managerial tasks in every stage of company´s development. At the dissertation thesis elaboration, the author has stemmed from theoretical backgrounds of scientific publications of Czech authors as well as of foreign authors, and also from realized investigations. Primary research has been realized by a combination of single techniques of quantitative research, i.e. by the means of questionnaires, personal interviews and telephonic interviews. Results of the primary research obtained have been analysed using the applications of Microsoft Excel, Portable Open Office Calc and XLStatistics software. Results obtained at elaboration of the dissertation thesis have been used with the aim to determinations of the most important factors influencing employees´ motivation for performance increasing and interestedness on company´s goals achievement. Moreover, the results obtained by primary research outcomes analysis have made possible the statistic verification of the hypotheses of dissertation. The partial outcome of dissertation thesis is the definition of premises of value oriented systems of remuneration use in small and medium-sized entities. Based on this definition of these systems implementation premises, the methodical order of implementation of value oriented system of remuneration into company´s practice. For elaboration of the value oriented system of remuneration proposal, first of all, it has been necessary to create the system of EVA quantification in a company, i.e. to divide company´s assets into responsibility centres, to calculate EVA of every single responsibility centre, and to propose a concept of employees´ interest on change of the EVA indicator value. The proposed methodology has been proved in condition of concrete company, and in the dissertation thesis, it is presented as a case study. This way, one can get complete information about characteristics of the presented model, in concrete about necessary adjustments of costs and revenues, about determination of the amount of invested capital and its valuation, and about division of created value for employees and owners as well. Elaborated case study provides a feedback on a possibility and demandingness of implementation of value based systems of remuneration in small and medium-sized entities. The conclusion of dissertation thesis is devoted to the summary of knowledge obtained, to the discussion of premises for the proposed methodology implementation into business practice, and to the discussion about possibilities of next scientific work in elaborated area.
2
Mettaoui, Mirjam Lanjri. "Remuneration in the Corporate Governance Systems from International Perspective." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-161860.
Full textAbstract:
The following work is a contribution to the research in the field of remuneration and corporate governance. Main aim is to get answers on the question on the relationship between the disclosure of the remuneration system and the firm value. The first research question is, if there is a positive effect of the disclosure of remuneration information on the firm value. Second important research questions are how many companies have separate published remuneration reports and what the qualitative level of the remuneration reports is. The first part of the work gives a literature review of the State-of-the-Art-literature of Corporate Governance and Remuneration. The work includes an Empirical Study of a sample of 100 companies and the existence of separately on the companies' websites published remuneration reports. The contents and the structure of the reports are compared via an indicator-list. Main identified aspects are the remuneration approach, the concept of the report and the disclosure of remuneration. The Event Study method is used to test the relationship between the disclosure of the remuneration system and the firm value. The method is chosen to have the possibility to isolate the factor remuneration system from other influencing factors. Share price and target return, S&P 500 index and target return, abnormal return, standard deviation and differences are computed. The results are compared and indicate that there is a positive effect, because the firm value of the chosen companies are higher after the event than before the event, although the results are not statistically verified. A positive effect on the firm value would be an incentive for companies to publish the information of remuneration in future.
3
Shah, Liaqat Ali. "Value-Risk based Performance Evaluation of Industrial Systems." Paris, ENSAM, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENAM0033.
Full textAbstract:
Performance measurement and management (PMM) poses daunting challenges to organizations in terms of meeting multiple stakeholder objectives. Evaluation of these objectives, and hence performance is essential for many reasons such as monitoring and control, diagnosis, improvement, learning and decision-making of processes or enterprise systems. Performance measures as descriptors of performance are the key tools in this evaluation process. However, the multidimensionality of performance, the inter-dependencies among performance measures and the pursuit to manage many dimensions of performance complicate the PMM process. Furthermore, the uncertainty in terms of objectives satisfaction surrounding the business processes or enterprise systems adds further complexity. To deal with these issues, a process-centered value-risk based performance management system (VR-PMS) is proposed in the current research work. The purpose is to transform the expectations and fears of stakeholders into value and risk indicators respectively for informed decision making. For this purpose, a conceptual value-risk model is developed aimed at integrating consistently the concepts relevant to objectives, activities and risks in one framework and conceptualizing the idea of value and risk based performance management. In addition, a methodological framework is developed that divides the PMM process into three phases: performance modeling, assessment and decision-making. Each phase of the framework is instrumented with quantitative analysis methods and tools. The deliverable of the VR-PMS is a set of ranked solutions (i. E. Alternative business processes) evaluated against the developed value and risk indicatorsLa mesure et la gestion de la performance posent problème aux entreprises en termes d'atteinte des objectifs des multi parties prenantes. L'évaluation de ces objectifs et ainsi de la performance est essentielle pour plusieurs raisons : le contrôle et la surveillance, le diagnostic, l'amélioration, l'apprentissage et la prise de la décision de processus ou système d'entreprise. Les mesures de performance étant les descripteurs de la performance jouent un rôle important dans cette évaluation. Cependant, la multi-dimensionnalité de la mesure de performance, l'interdépendance entre elles et la recherche pour mesurer plusieurs dimensions de la performance compliquent le processus de mesure de performance. De plus, l'incertitude en ce qui concerne l'atteinte des objectifs atours du processus métiers ou système d'entreprise y ajoute encore de la complexité. Pour aborder cette situation, un système de mesure de performance basé sur l'indicateur du couple (valeur-risque) (appelé VR-PMS) orienté processus a été proposé. L'objectif est de transformer les atteintes et inquiétude des parties prenantes en un indicateur de la performance et un de risque respectivement pour prendre une décision en connaissance de cause. A cet effet, un modèle conceptuel de valeur/risque est proposé : il vise à intégrer les concepts associé aux objectifs, activités et risque dans un seul cadre et conceptualise l'idée de la gestion de performance basée sur la valeur et risque. En outre, un modèle méthodologique est élaboré et divise les processus de mesure de performance en trois étapes : la modélisation de performance, évaluation et prise de décision. Chaque phase du modèle est dotée d'outils et méthodes pour l'analyse quantitative. Le livrable de VR-PMS est un classement de solutions (c'est-à-dire alternatives de processus métier) évaluée vis-à-vis l'indicateur développé à partir de valeur et risque
4
Burgess, Cheri Nicole Markt. "Value based analysis of acquisition portfolios." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59225.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M. in System Design and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2010.Vita. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-119).
Currently, program-funding allocation is based on program performance. Funding cuts commonly lead to a poor reflection on the program management assigned to the given program. If additional factors such as program risk and benefit are objectively factored in, this may lead to a more effective exit strategy for program capabilities, which are no longer required. An enterprise architecture analysis and applied framework case study were carried out to develop a methodology to quantify system-level value for the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition Research, Development, Test and Evaluation portfolio. Portfolio value is quantified in order to transition from a single program, single stakeholder value analysis to a program portfolio and stakeholder system composite analysis. This methodology is developed based on interviews, official organization literature, and a case study. The results of the applied framework case study on a portfolio of seven programs showed a positive correlation between quantitative capability, execution and risk data at the portfolio level and access to a more informed and objective identification of programs of greatest interest and concern as compared to a qualitative program-by-program analysis when allocating Air Force Acquisition resources. This system includes 17 stakeholder categories, which significantly influence the allocation of resources for a portfolio worth roughly 0.4% of the US GDP. Interviews include high-ranking leadership, including two 3-Star Generals in the US Air Force.
by Cheri Nicole Markt Burgess.
S.M.in System Design and Management
5
Van, der Walt J. C. "The effect of incentive based directors' remuneration on ethical decision making in organisations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49796.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The historical development of the role of directors in public listed companies contains inherent tensions by reference to the fiduciary responsibility of directors and the method in which directors are remunerated. The nature of incentive based remuneration is such that it will compel directors, in certain circumstances, to weigh their interests against those towards whom they owe a duty of care and a moral responsibility to act with prudence and temperance. The modem day corporate environment is complex and calls for directors with strong ethical views. This assignment endeavours to identify some of the complexities that contribute towards directors finding it difficult to stay on the ethical "straight and narrow" and attempts to weigh the effect of those factors against the effect of incentive remuneration, both as detractors from ethical behaviour. Both the shareholder supremacy business model and the stakeholder approach are analysed to identify those factors present in each that may add to the ethical complexity that directors have to deal with. The advent of the stakeholder approach in particular, adds an enormous amount of complexity. The case studies deal with two South African financial services companies that have both ceased trading as a consequence of unethical behaviour. The incentive remuneration models of both companies have been found to have played a major contributing role in the decision making processes in the companies, and have contributed to the demise of these organisations. Lessons are taken from the case studies and applied against the backdrop of the various principles of ethical behaviour namely rights, utility, justice and the ethics of responsibility. The finding of this study is that there is a role for incentive remuneration of directors, provided that the ethical pitfalls that this causes are recognised and steps taken to address them. Some of these steps are identified.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die historiese ontwikkeling van die direkteursrol, en spesifiek van openbare genoteerde maatskappye bevat inherente teenstrydighede met verwysmg na direkteursvergoeding en die vertrouensverpligtinge wat op direkteure rus. Die aard van direkteursvergoeding met 'n aansporingskomponent is so dat dit 'n direkteur van tyd tot tyd in 'n posisie plaas waar hy tussen sy eie belange en die van die ander belanghebbendes in 'n maatskappy, aan wie hy dit verskuldig is om met verdrag en versigtig op te tree, moet kies. Die hedendaagse maatskappyomgewing is kompleks van aard, en vereis direkteure met sterk etiese oortuigings. Hierdie werkstuk poog om sommige van die komplekse faktore wat afbreuk doen aan 'n direkteur se vermoe om ten alle tye streng eties op te tree, te identifiseer en op te weeg teen die effek wat direkteursvergoeding speel - beide as items wat afbreuk doen aan etiese optrede. Hier word ondersoek ingestel na beide die sogenaamde "aandeelhouersmodel" asook die" belanghebbende" model waarvolgens besigheid bedryf word. Die ontsluimering van die belanghebbende model veroorsaak spesifiek 'n aansienlike hoeveelheid etiese kompleksiteit. Die gevallestudies behandel twee Suid Afrikaanse fmansiele instellings wat hul bedrywighede gestaak het as gevolg van onetiese optrede deur direkteure. Die aansporingskomponent van die vergoedingsrnodelle in daardie maatskappye blyk 'n groot bydraende faktor te wees in die onetiese besluitneming wat plaasgevind het, en wat uiteindelik tot die ondergang van die ondernemings gelei het. Laastens, word die lesse wat geleer is uit die gevallestudies, toegepas in gewysigde format, en getoets aan die hand van die verskillende beginsels wat etiese besluitneming onderhou, naamlik die beginsels van regte, regverdigheid, utiliteit en die beginsel van etiese verantwoordelikheid. Daar word tot die slotsom gekom dat daar wel ruimte vir aansporingskemas vir direkteure is, maar dat dit slegs eties regverdigbaar sal wees mits ag geslaan word op die lesse wat uit die gevallestudie voortspruit, tesame met die impementering van sekere korrektiewe maatstawwe.
6
Coyne, Jack W. "FPGA-based co-processor for singular value array reconciliation tomography." Worcester, Mass. : Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2007. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-090507-114502/.
Full text
7
Mishra, Sushma. "DEFINING VALUE BASED INFORMATION SECURITY GOVERNANCE OBJECTIVES." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1755.
Full textAbstract:
This research argues that the information security governance objectives should be grounded in the values of organizational members. Research literature in decision sciences suggest that individual values play an important role in developing decision objectives. Information security governance objectives, based on values of the stakeholders, are essential for a comprehensive security control program. The study uses Value Theory as a theoretical basis and value focused thinking as a methodology to develop 23 objectives for information security governance. A case study was conducted to reexamine and interpret the significance of the proposed objectives in an organizational context. The results suggest three emergent dimensions of information security governance for effective control structure in organizations: resource allocation, user involvement and process integrity. The synthesis of data suggests eight principles of information security governance which guides organizations in achieving a comprehensive security environment. We also present a means-end model of ISG which proposes the interrelationships of the developed objectives. Contributions are noted and future research directions suggested.
8
Burmaster, Patricia S. Lugg Elizabeth T. "Teacher perceptions of the value of knowledge and skills-based pay systems." Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1273094281&SrchMode=1&sid=5&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1181241768&clientId=43838.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2006.Title from title page screen, viewed on June 7, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Dissertation Committee: Elizabeth Lugg (chair), Norman Durflinger, Dianne Gardner, John Rugutt. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-145) and abstract. Also available in print.
9
Subramaniam, Velusamy. "Scheduling of manufacturing systems based on extreme value theory and genetic algorithms." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35464.
Full text
10
Brucker, Xavier F. (Xavier Francois) 1976. "Primitive-based payment systems for flexible value transfer in the personal router." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16878.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-154).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
The Personal Router is a mobile communication device developed by the Advanced Network Architecture group at the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science. The Personal Router is able to select and negotiate connectivity with local providers for different kinds of services and interfaces. It needs payment procedures to support these services. As this device is designed to be used in many distinct unpredictable contexts, it cannot implement a single payment system. The complexity of existing payment systems has to be mapped into this new environment. A different payment system must be chosen each time, depending on many variables such as costs, environmental constraints, privacy, user and provider's needs and preferences. Privacy is a major issue for this device. In effect, getting wireless and mobile service everywhere will possibly leave an easily traceable trail; moreover, using this device supposes negotiating with many different untrusted providers and paying for the service. This can create huge potential threats for privacy and personal data management if this issue is not included in the early stage of the design. Legal requirements and user preferences and expectations for privacy in electronic transactions are therefore explored. Past attempts to enhance privacy in different environments are examined. Reasons why most of them have failed and some of them are struggling to stay alive are analyzed. New privacy threats faced by the Personal Router are considered. A new approach based on building blocks is made. Payment systems are split into primitive operations; each of them implements one step of a transaction. The combination of these building blocks replicates a payment protocol. The characteristics of a payment system can then be derived from the analysis of the implementation of each of these primitives. Users' preferences are defined by attributes. Payment systems can then be compared through their primitives and even slightly modified to be closer to users' ideal system by altering the primitives. The modular approach makes this easier. This framework is successfully tested on three major electronic payment systems. Several limitations of this approach and open issues related to the Personal Router are exposed.
by Xavier F. Brucker.
S.M.
Books on the topic "Value based Systems of Remuneration"
1
1949-, Brown Gary C., and Sharma Sanjay M. D, eds. Evidence-based to value-based medicine. [Chicago]: AMA Press, 2005.
Find full text
2
Tax reform and consumption-based tax systems: Hearing before the Committee on Ways and Means, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, July 26, 2011. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2012.
Find full text
3
Cevelev, Aleksandr. The economy and material management on a railway transport. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1085329.
Full textAbstract:
In the textbook in an accessible form presented and discussed the development of the economy and the inventory management of railway transport in the new economic environment. For the first time in Russian literature, made a theoretical attempt at a comprehensive review of the effectiveness of, and satisfaction of needs in material resources structural divisions, subsidiaries and affiliates of JSC "RZD". According to the results of theoretical research, innovative and production potential of the supply system of railway transport the main directions and methods of transformation of the restructuring process under the corporate changes of JSC "RZD", positioned value system of logistics of rail transport, a comprehensive approach to the development of systems of balanced indicators of supply and prompt handling of material resources. Recommendations for the implementation of the developed algorithms and models are long term in nature and are based on the concept of logistics management improve business processes, system logistics.
For students and teachers, workers of enterprises of railway transport, and others interested in questions of transport Economics.
4
Cevelev, Aleksandr. Material management of railway transport. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1064961.
Full textAbstract:
In the monograph reviewed the development of the inventory management of railway transport in the new economic environment of market economy.
According to the results of theoretical research, innovative and production potential of the supply system of railway transport the main directions and methods of transformation of the restructuring process under the corporate changes of JSC "RZD", positioned value system of the logistics of railway transportation, and developed a classification model used logistical resources.
Evaluation of activity of structural divisions of Russian Railways supply is proposed to be viewed through an integrated and comprehensive approach to the development of systems of balanced indicators of supply and prompt handling of material resources, the implementation of which allows to distribute the strategic objectives of the company "Russian Railways" activities in the system of logistics of the Railways and also to involve in economic circulation of excessive and unused inventories of material and technical resources and efficiently reallocate them among enterprises at the site of the railway.
Recommendations for the implementation of the developed algorithms and models are long term in nature and are based on the concept of logistics management and improve the business processes of the logistics system.
Will be useful for managers and specialists of directorates of logistics of Russian Railways supply, undergraduates and graduate students interested in the economy of railway transport.
5
Performance-Based Earned Value (Practitioners). Wiley-IEEE Computer Society Pr, 2006.
Find full text
6
Renkema, Theo J. W. IT Value Quest: How to Capture the Business Value of IT-Based Infrastructure. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2000.
Find full text
7
Brown, Gary C., Sanjay Sharma, and Melissa M. Brown. Evidence-Based To Value-based Medicine. American Medical Association Press, 2005.
Find full text
8
The IT Value Quest: How to Capture the Business Value of IT-Based Infrastructure. Wiley, 2000.
Find full text
9
Bernard, Zeigler P., Traore, Grégory Zacharewicz, and Raphaël Duboz. Value-based Learning Healthcare Systems: Integrative Modeling and Simulation. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/pbhe015e.
Full text
10
Mijat, Damjanovic, and Voich Dan, eds. The Impact of culture-based value systems on management policies and practices. New York: Praeger, 1985.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Value based Systems of Remuneration"
1
Meyer, Thorbjörn, and Peter Pruzan. "Designing Value-Based Educational Systems." In Comprehensive Systems Design: A New Educational Technology, 191–205. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58035-2_15.
Full text
2
Dunne, Paul E., and Trevor Bench-Capon. "Complexity in Value-Based Argument Systems." In Logics in Artificial Intelligence, 360–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30227-8_31.
Full text
3
Xue, Dawei, Yong Wang, Chunlan Yang, and Kangkai Gao. "Evidence Combination Based on Singular Value." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 241–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70990-1_36.
Full text
4
Sedki, Karima, and Safa Yahi. "Constrained Value-Based Argumentation Framework." In Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, 265–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40581-0_22.
Full text
5
Brandenburg, Marcus. "Value-Based Strategic Supply Chain Planning." In Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems, 109–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31304-2_7.
Full text
6
Brownsword, Lisa, and Jim Smith. "Using Earned Value Management for COTS-Based Systems: Issues and Recommendations." In COTS-Based Software Systems, 13–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30587-3_12.
Full text
7
Cleaveland, Rance, and James Riely. "Testing-Based Abstractions for Value-Passing Systems." In CONCUR '94: Concurrency Theory, 417–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-48654-1_31.
Full text
8
Imtiaz, Ali, Tobias Bürger, Igor O. Popov, and Elena Simperl. "Framework for Value Prediction of Knowledge-Based Applications." In Business Information Systems Workshops, 153–58. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03424-4_18.
Full text
9
Wnuk, Krzysztof, and Pavan Mudduluru. "Value-Based Requirements Engineering: Challenges and Opportunities." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 20–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99617-2_2.
Full text
10
Mařík, Radek. "Threshold Selection Based on Extreme Value Theory." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 529–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65960-2_65.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Value based Systems of Remuneration"
1
Calearo, Lisa, Andreas Thingvad, Hans Henrik Ipsen, and Mattia Marinelli. "Economic Value and User Remuneration for EV Based Distribution Grid Services." In 2019 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT-Europe). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isgteurope.2019.8905740.
Full text
2
Gupta, Krishan M. "Value-based metrics and Internet-based enterprises." In Intelligent Systems and Advanced Manufacturing, edited by Angappa Gunasekaran and Yahaya Y. Yusuf. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.443144.
Full text
3
Dahl, Yngve, and Kristine Holbø. "Value biases of sensor-based assistive technology." In the Designing Interactive Systems Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2317956.2318043.
Full text
4
Levin, Esther, and Roberto Pieraccini. "VALUE-BASED OPTIMAL DECISION FOR DIALOG SYSTEMS." In 2006 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/slt.2006.326789.
Full text
5
Robinson, Todd, and Liam Pardoe. "Value Based Collection in Intelligence Analysis." In 2021 International Conference on Military Communication and Information Systems (ICMCIS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmcis52405.2021.9486414.
Full text
6
Takahashi, Yasutake, Kouki Shimada, and Minoru Asada. "View estimation learning based on value system." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fuzzy.2009.5277378.
Full text
7
Myllärniemi, Jussi, Nina Helander, and Samuli Pekkola. "Challenges in Developing Data-based Value Creation." In 11th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Information Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0008366003700376.
Full text
8
Zurek, Tomasz, and Michail Mokkas. "Modeling value-based reasoning for autonomous agents." In 2017 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15439/2017f282.
Full text
9
Chen, Wei-Ming, Tai-Sheng Cheng, Pi-Cheng Hsiu, and Tei-Wei Kuo. "Value-Based Task Scheduling for Nonvolatile Processor-Based Embedded Devices." In 2016 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rtss.2016.032.
Full text
10
Turner, Richard. "Value-based scheduling in system of systems evolution." In 2014 9th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering (SOSE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sysose.2014.6892505.
Full textReports on the topic "Value based Systems of Remuneration"
1
Asakiewicz, Christopher. Enterprise Systems Value-Based R&D Portfolio Analytics: Methods, Processes, and Tools. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada603090.
Full text
2
Bridges, Todd, Jeffrey King, Johnathan Simm, Michael Beck, Georganna Collins, Quirijn Lodder, and Ram Mohan. International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41946.
Full textAbstract:
To deliver infrastructure that sustain our communities, economy, and environment, we must innovate, modernize, and even revolutionize our approach to infrastructure development. Change takes courage, but as one starts down the path of innovation, what was once novel becomes more familiar, more established. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is walking this path with our partners through the Engineering With Nature (EWN) Initiative, integrating human engineering with natural systems. The International Guidelines on Natural and Nature-Based Features for Flood Risk Management are the next step toward revolutionary infrastructure development—a set of real-world guidelines to help familiarize us with what was once novel. USACE and collaborators around the world have been building, learning, and documenting the best practices for constructing Natural and Nature-Based Features (NNBF) for decades. The consolidation of these lessons into a single guidance document gives decision-makers and practitioners a much-needed resource to pursue, consider, and apply NNBF for flood risk management while expanding value through infrastructure. Relationships and partnerships are vital ingredients for innovation and progress. The NNBF Guidelines was achieved because of the strong relationships in the nature-based engineering community. The magnitude and diversity of contributors to the NNBF Guidelines have resulted in a robust resource that provides value beyond a single agency, sector, or nation. Similarly, the work of incorporating NNBF into projects will require us to strengthen our relationships across organizations, mandates, and missions to achieve resilient communities. I hope you are inspired by the collaborative achievement of the NNBF Guidelines and will draw from this resource to develop innovative solutions to current and future flood risk management challenges. There is a lot we can achieve together along the path of revolutionary infrastructure development.
3
Phuong, Vu Tan, Nguyen Van Truong, and Do Trong Hoan. Commune-level institutional arrangements and monitoring framework for integrated tree-based landscape management. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21024.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Governance is a difficult task in the context of achieving landscape multifunctionality owing to the multiplicity of stakeholders, institutions, scale and ecosystem services: the ‘many-multiple’ (Cockburn et al 2018). Governing and managing the physical landscape and the actors in the landscape requires intensive knowledge and good planning systems. Land-use planning is a powerful instrument in landscape governance because it directly guides how actors will intervene in the physical landscape (land use) to gain commonly desired value. It is essential for sustaining rural landscapes and improving the livelihoods of rural communities (Bourgoin and Castella 2011, Bourgoin et al 2012, Rydin 1998), ensuring landscape multifunctionality (Nelson et al 2009, Reyers et al 2012) and enhancing efficiency in carbon sequestration, in particular (Bourgoin et al 2013, Cathcart et al 2007). It is also considered critical to the successful implementation of land-based climate mitigation, such as under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), because the Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF) sector is included in the mitigation contributions of nearly 90 percent of countries in Sub-Saharan and Southern Asia countries and in the Latin American and Caribbean regions (FAO 2016). Viet Nam has been implementing its NDC, which includes forestry and land-based mitigation options under the LULUCF sector. The contribution of the sector to committed national emission reduction is significant and cost-effective compared with other sectors. In addition to achieving emission reduction targets, implementation of forestry and land-based mitigation options has the highest benefits for social-economic development and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (MONRE 2020). Challenges, however, lie in the way national priorities and targets are translated into sub-national delivery plans and the way sub-national actors are brought together in orchestration (Hsu et al 2019) in a context where the legal framework for climate-change mitigation is elaborated at national rather than sub-national levels and coordination between government bodies and among stakeholders is generally ineffective (UNDP 2018). In many developing countries, conventional ‘top–down’, centralized land-use planning approaches have been widely practised, with very little success, a result of a lack of flexibility in adapting local peculiarities (Amler et al 1999, Ducourtieux et al 2005, Kauzeni et al 1993). In forest–agriculture mosaic landscapes, the fundamental question is how land-use planning can best conserve forest and agricultural land, both as sources of economic income and environmental services (O’Farrell and Anderson 2010). This paper provides guidance on monitoring integrated tree-based landscape management at commune level, based on the current legal framework related to natural resource management (land and forest) and the requirements of national green-growth development and assessment of land uses in two communes in Dien Bien and Son La provinces. The concept of integrated tree based landscape management in Viet Nam is still new and should be further developed for wider application across levels.
4
Baker, Justin S., George Van Houtven, Yongxia Cai, Fekadu Moreda, Chris Wade, Candise Henry, Jennifer Hoponick Redmon, and A. J. Kondash. A Hydro-Economic Methodology for the Food-Energy-Water Nexus: Valuation and Optimization of Water Resources. RTI Press, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.mr.0044.2105.
Full textAbstract:
Growing global water stress caused by the combined effects of growing populations, increasing economic development, and climate change elevates the importance of managing and allocating water resources in ways that are economically efficient and that account for interdependencies between food production, energy generation, and water networks—often referred to as the “food-energy-water (FEW) nexus.” To support these objectives, this report outlines a replicable hydro-economic methodology for assessing the value of water resources in alternative uses across the FEW nexus–including for agriculture, energy production, and human consumption—and maximizing the benefits of these resources through optimization analysis. The report’s goal is to define the core elements of an integrated systems-based modeling approach that is generalizable, flexible, and geographically portable for a range of FEW nexus applications. The report includes a detailed conceptual framework for assessing the economic value of water across the FEW nexus and a modeling framework that explicitly represents the connections and feedbacks between hydrologic systems (e.g., river and stream networks) and economic systems (e.g., food and energy production). The modeling components are described with examples from existing studies and applications. The report concludes with a discussion of current limitations and potential extensions of the hydro-economic methodology.
5
Payment Systems Report - June of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2020.
Full textAbstract:
With its annual Payment Systems Report, Banco de la República offers a complete overview of the infrastructure of Colombia’s financial market. Each edition of the report has four objectives: 1) to publicize a consolidated account of how the figures for payment infrastructures have evolved with respect to both financial assets and goods and services; 2) to summarize the issues that are being debated internationally and are of interest to the industry that provides payment clearing and settlement services; 3) to offer the public an explanation of the ideas and concepts behind retail-value payment processes and the trends in retail payments within the circuit of individuals and companies; and 4) to familiarize the public, the industry, and all other financial authorities with the methodological progress that has been achieved through applied research to analyze the stability of payment systems. This edition introduces changes that have been made in the structure of the report, which are intended to make it easier and more enjoyable to read. The initial sections in this edition, which is the eleventh, contain an analysis of the statistics on the evolution and performance of financial market infrastructures. These are understood as multilateral systems wherein the participating entities clear, settle and register payments, securities, derivatives and other financial assets. The large-value payment system (CUD) saw less momentum in 2019 than it did the year before, mainly because of a decline in the amount of secondary market operations for government bonds, both in cash and sell/buy-backs, which was offset by an increase in operations with collective investment funds (CIFs) and Banco de la República’s operations to increase the money supply (repos). Consequently, the Central Securities Depository (DCV) registered less activity, due to fewer negotiations on the secondary market for public debt. This trend was also observed in the private debt market, as evidenced by the decline in the average amounts cleared and settled through the Central Securities Depository of Colombia (Deceval) and in the value of operations with financial derivatives cleared and settled through the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC). Section three offers a comprehensive look at the market for retail-value payments; that is, transactions made by individuals and companies. During 2019, electronic transfers increased, and payments made with debit and credit cards continued to trend upward. In contrast, payments by check continued to decline, although the average daily value was almost four times the value of debit and credit card purchases. The same section contains the results of the fourth survey on how the use of retail-value payment instruments (for usual payments) is perceived. Conducted at the end of 2019, the main purpose of the survey was to identify the availability of these payment instruments, the public’s preferences for them, and their acceptance by merchants. It is worth noting that cash continues to be the instrument most used by the population for usual monthly payments (88.1% with respect to the number of payments and 87.4% in value). However, its use in terms of value has declined, having registered 89.6% in the 2017 survey. In turn, the level of acceptance by merchants of payment instruments other than cash is 14.1% for debit cards, 13.4% for credit cards, 8.2% for electronic transfers of funds and 1.8% for checks. The main reason for the use of cash is the absence of point-of-sale terminals at commercial establishments. Considering that the retail-payment market worldwide is influenced by constant innovation in payment services, by the modernization of clearing and settlement systems, and by the efforts of regulators to redefine the payment industry for the future, these trends are addressed in the fourth section of the report. There is an account of how innovations in technology-based financial payment services have developed, and it shows that while this topic is not new, it has evolved, particularly in terms of origin and vocation. One of the boxes that accompanies the fourth section deals with certain payment aspects of open banking and international experience in that regard, which has given the customers of a financial entity sovereignty over their data, allowing them, under transparent and secure conditions, to authorize a third party, other than their financial entity, to request information on their accounts with financial entities, thus enabling the third party to offer various financial services or initiate payments. Innovation also has sparked interest among international organizations, central banks, and research groups concerning the creation of digital currencies. Accordingly, the last box deals with the recent international debate on issuance of central bank digital currencies. In terms of the methodological progress that has been made, it is important to underscore the work that has been done on the role of central counterparties (CCPs) in mitigating liquidity and counterparty risk. The fifth section of the report offers an explanation of a document in which the work of CCPs in financial markets is analyzed and corroborated through an exercise that was built around the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC) in the Colombian market for non-delivery peso-dollar forward exchange transactions, using the methodology of network topology. The results provide empirical support for the different theoretical models developed to study the effect of CCPs on financial markets. Finally, the results of research using artificial intelligence with information from the large-value payment system are presented. Based on the payments made among financial institutions in the large-value payment system, a methodology is used to compare different payment networks, as well as to determine which ones can be considered abnormal. The methodology shows signs that indicate when a network moves away from its historical trend, so it can be studied and monitored. A methodology similar to the one applied to classify images is used to make this comparison, the idea being to extract the main characteristics of the networks and use them as a parameter for comparison. Juan José Echavarría Governor