Journal articles: 'Value benefit analysis'

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Baum, Seth D. "Value Typology in Cost-Benefit Analysis." Environmental Values 21, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 499–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096327112x13466893628184.

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Hausken, Kjell. "Cost benefit analysis of war." International Journal of Conflict Management 27, no. 4 (October 10, 2016): 454–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcma-04-2015-0023.

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Purpose Among the many perspectives to analyze war, such as rational actor, organizational process, governmental politics and ethics, the perspective that actually incorporates the costs and benefits into a systematic theoretical structure has hardly been analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the costs and benefits perspective. Design/methodology/approach Three kinds of value are distinguished, i.e. human, economic and influence. Different actors (politicians, populations, stakeholders, etc). assign different weights to the three kinds of value. Six gradually more complicated models are developed. The first subtracts losses from gains for the three kinds of value. Thereafter, the paper accounts for multiple periods, time discounting, attitude towards risk, multiple stakeholders, subcategories for the three kinds of value, sequential decision-making and game theory. Findings The rich theoretical structure enables assessing costs and benefits more systematically and illuminatingly. The cost benefit analysis is illustrated with the 2003-2011 Iraq War. The paper estimates gained and lost value of human lives, economic value and influence value, and show how different weights impact the decision of whether to initiate war differently. Originality/value The paper provides scientists and policy makers with a theoretical structure within which to evaluate the costs and benefits of war, accounting for how different actors estimate weights, the future, risk and a variety of parameter values differently.

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Binder, Seth. "Is Existence Value Appropriate for Regulatory Benefit–Cost Analysis?" Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 11, no. 3 (2020): 441–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2020.15.

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AbstractSince its introduction to the field of environmental and natural resource economics in the late 1960s, existence value has faced several critiques from economists, psychologists, and philosophers. Critics have taken aim at the notion’s conceptual ambiguity and lack of connection to observable behavior, its incompatibility with cognitive processes and its sensitivity to cognitive biases, and ethical shortcomings in applying existence values to environmental decisionmaking. Unlike some critiques of existence value that draw on cognitive and ethical frameworks for decisionmaking fundamentally at odds with stated preference methods and benefit–cost analysis (BCA), this paper takes as given the use and adequacy of both. It focuses on challenges to existence value per se, with respect to the ability of existence value estimates to contribute to benefit–cost analyses in a way that is consistent with qualities of BCA that its proponents value: the objectivity, commensurability, and moral salience of the values analyzed. In light of the challenges, inclusion of existence value in benefit–cost analyses is found to inevitably compromise the quality of the BCA with respect to each criterion.

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Pradhan, Elina, and Dean T. Jamison. "Standardized Sensitivity Analysis in BCA: An Education Case Study." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 10, S1 (2019): 206–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2019.5.

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Benefit-cost analyses of education policies in low- and middle-income countries have historically used the effect of education on future wages to estimate benefits. Strong evidence also points to female education reducing both the under-five mortality rates of their children and adult mortality rates. A more complete analysis would thus add the value of mortality risk reduction to wage increases. This paper estimates how net benefits and benefit-cost ratios respond to the values used to estimate education’s mortality-reducing impact including variation in these estimates. We utilize a ‘standardized sensitivity analysis’ to generate a range of valuations of education’s impact on mortality risks. We include alternative ways of adjusting these values for income and age differences. Our analysis is for one additional year of schooling in lower-middle-income countries, incremental to the current mean. Our analysis shows a range of benefit-cost ratios ranging from 3.2 to 6.7, and net benefits ranging from $2,800 to $7,300 per student. Benefits from mortality risk reductions account for 40% to 70% of the overall benefits depending on the scenario. Thus, accounting for changes in mortality risks in addition to wage increases noticeably enhances the value of already attractive education investments.

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Gorbacheva, Natalya. "True Value of Electricity in Siberia: Cost-Benefit Analysis." Higher School of Economics Economic Journal 24, no. 3 (2020): 340–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1813-8691-2020-24-3-340-371.

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Quiggin, John. "Existence Value and Benefit-Cost Analysis: A Third View." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 12, no. 1 (1993): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325475.

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Sherraden, Michael W. "Benefit-Cost Analysis as a Net Present Value Problem." Administration in Social Work 10, no. 3 (September 1986): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j147v10n03_08.

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Cooke, Stephen C. "The role of value added in benefit/cost analysis." Annals of Regional Science 25, no. 2 (June 1991): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01581892.

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Robinson, Lisa A., James K. Hammitt, and Lucy O’Keeffe. "Valuing Mortality Risk Reductions in Global Benefit-Cost Analysis." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 10, S1 (2019): 15–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2018.26.

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The estimates used to value mortality risk reductions are a major determinant of the benefits of many public health and environmental policies. These estimates (typically expressed as the value per statistical life, VSL) describe the willingness of those affected by a policy to exchange their own income for the risk reductions they experience. While these values are relatively well studied in high-income countries, less is known about the values held by lower-income populations. We identify 26 studies conducted in the 172 countries considered low- or middle-income in any of the past 20 years; several have significant limitations. Thus there are few or no direct estimates of VSL for most such countries. Instead, analysts typically extrapolate values from wealthier countries, adjusting only for income differences. This extrapolation requires selecting a base value and an income elasticity that summarizes the rate at which VSL changes with income. Because any such approach depends on assumptions of uncertain validity, we recommend that analysts conduct a standardized sensitivity analysis to assess the extent to which their conclusions change depending on these estimates. In the longer term, more research on the value of mortality risk reductions in low- and middle-income countries is essential.

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Wang, Jessica, Ebubekir S. Daglilar, Won Jae Yoon, Vicente Morales-Oyarvide, Carlos Fernandez-del Castillo, William R. Brugge, Long P. Le, A. John Lafrate, Mari Mino-Kenudson, and Martha B. Pitman. "Value Added Benefit of KRAS Mutation Analysis in Pancreatic Cyst Fluid Analysis." Journal of the American Society of Cytopathology 2, no. 1 (October 2013): S68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jasc.2013.08.185.

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Rui, Rui, Ding Ye, and Jiang Long. "Benefit Analysis and FGD Optimization for Designed Power Plant Based on Comprehensive Benefit Index System." Advanced Materials Research 1044-1045 (October 2014): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1044-1045.255.

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Taking the initial design value for target power plant as standard index values, two comprehensive benefit index systems for flue gas desulphurization (FGD) technology were formed by mean square difference method with or without the index of earning of by-product, to analyze the environmental benefit, economic benefit, technology benefit and comprehensive benefit of six flue gas desulphurization technologies on designed power plant and obtained the optimal technology ultimately. For the index system with index of earning of by-product, the optimal FGD technology is wet ammonia desulphurization, not only possesses the biggest comprehensive benefit, but also the biggest economical and technology benefit for designed power plant. For the index system without the index of earning of by-product, the wet ammonia desulphurization, limestone wet desulfurization and simple wet desulfurization have similar comprehensive benefits, but individual advantage on environmental, economic and technology benefit separately.

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Hurvitz, Edward A., Robert A. Winfield, Philip Zazove, Brian Vasher, Lynette Chekan, Chris Magnant, Julie Agbabian, and Elaine Ledwon-Robinson. "Analysis of a Value-Based Design Benefit for Rehabilitation Therapies." PM&R 5 (September 2013): S313—S314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.08.580.

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Kopp, Raymond J. "Why Existence Value Should Be Used in Cost-Benefit Analysis." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 11, no. 1 (1992): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325136.

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Boere, Esther, and Wim Heijman. "The social value of science shops: A cost-benefit analysis." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 6, no. 3-4 (November 30, 2012): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2012/3-4/3.

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We describe and apply a method to determine the net social benefits of science shops. University departments operating as science shops coordinate research projects for individuals or civil society organizations (CSO) lacking the financial means to turn to professional consultancy bureaus. Three cases are analyzed; the science shops atWageningen, Brussels and Eindhoven. After investigation, it appears that under the normal assumptions for the application of CBA, the science shops concerned show positive net social benefits.

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Smith, V. Kerry. "Uncertainty, benefit-cost analysis, and the treatment of option value." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 14, no. 3 (September 1987): 283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(87)90021-0.

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Yaya, Sanni, and Xiaonan Li. "Guide to cost benefit analysis of community-based interventions." Journal of Hospital Administration 3, no. 5 (April 14, 2014): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v3n5p47.

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This paper offers a general guide on how to conduct a proper economic analysis for community-based intervention projects. Identification and quantification of costs and benefits are the focus of the cost benefit analysis. We categorize costs and benefits from human and physical perspectives and pay special attention to the measures of saving human lives accompanied by the proposed calculation methods. We recommend net present value and benefit-cost ratio as the criteria to assess projects and highlight some challenges remaining in the analysis.

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Alea, Victoria, Maribel Baldellou, Joaquim Vea, and Ana Perez Perez. "COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF ALLOGROOMING BEHAVIOUR IN CERCOCEBUS TORQUATUS LUNULATUS." Behaviour 136, no. 2 (1999): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853999501306.

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AbstractWe assume that allogrooming is an activity which yields various benefits to the participants and at the same time its practice requires a resource investment. In this work we aim to quantify the costs and benefits derived for each subject by performing allogrooming in order to find the maximum net benefit gained and the equilibrium point above which a major allogrooming investment would not increase the benefits obtained. The data were obtained observing the members of a captive troop (N = 9) of white crowned mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus lunulatus) at the Barcelona Zoo. Allogrooming time and the preceding and following context were recorded for each actor. The costs were quantified as the energetic expenditure required to perform allogrooming as proposed by Coelho (1974). The benefits were estimated from the frequency and duration of bouts associated to transitions preceded by an agonistic context and followed by a neutral context. The equilibrium values of time spent in allogrooming, for which the costs equalled the benefits, and the value for time invested corresponding to maximal net benefits, were estimated from the theoretical model adjusted to the data. It was found that the differences between the equilibrium point and the maximal net benefit were correlated with the age of the subject, which can be understood as an effect of learning the relation cost-benefit of allogrooming to maintain low levels of agonism within the troop.

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Manuputty, Peter, Ayani Ayani, and Shania Patty. "Struggle Values Analysis In Novel “Kami Bukan Sarjana Kertas” By J.S Khairen (2019)." INTERACTION: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa 8, no. 1 (May 6, 2021): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36232/jurnalpendidikanbahasa.v8i1.955.

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The purpose of this study are (1) to describe the value of struggle in novel Kami (Bukan) Sarjana Kertas by J.S. Khairen (2) describes the value benefits of internal struggle in novels Kami (Bukan) Sarjana Kertas. The method in this research is using descriptive method analytic by reading, taking notes, and analyzing every sentence in the novel which contains elements of literary sociology. The data source of this research came from novel Kami (Bukan) Sarjana Kertas by J.S.Khairen. The novel itself is produced from events social life of the community and the author himself. Therefore, the novel contains a variety the dynamics of life that occur in the community. This research is aimed at describes the sociological aspects of literature in the novel Kami (Bukan) Sarjana Kertas J.S. Khairen. The form of data from this research is in the form of sentences in the novel that contain elements of the values of struggle. The results of this novel research are to describe (1) the value of the willing sacrifice (2) the value of cooperation (3) the value of patience and never give up (4) the value of unity (5) the value hard work. The benefits are (1) the value of self-sacrifice (2) the value of cooperation (3) the value of patience and never give up (4) the benefit of the value of unity (5) the benefit of the value of hard work.

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Gonzalo, Jed D., Deanna Graaf, Bobbie Johannes, Barbara Blatt, and Daniel R. Wolpaw. "Adding Value to the Health Care System: Identifying Value-Added Systems Roles for Medical Students." American Journal of Medical Quality 32, no. 3 (April 26, 2016): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860616645401.

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To catalyze learning in Health Systems Science and add value to health systems, education programs are seeking to incorporate students into systems roles, which are not well described. The authors sought to identify authentic roles for students within a range of clinical sites and explore site leaders’ perceptions of the value of students performing these roles. From 2013 to 2015, site visits and interviews with leadership from an array of clinical sites (n = 30) were conducted. Thematic analysis was used to identify tasks and benefits of integrating students into interprofessional care teams. Types of systems roles included direct patient benefit activities, including monitoring patient progress with care plans and facilitating access to resources, and clinic benefit activities, including facilitating coordination and improving clinical processes. Perceived benefits included improved value of the clinical mission and enhanced student education. These results elucidate a framework for student roles that enhance learning and add value to health systems.

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Barnett, W. Steven. "Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Perry Preschool Program and Its Policy Implications." Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 7, no. 4 (December 1985): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/01623737007004333.

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Benefit-cost analysis is applied to the Perry Preschool Program and its long-term follow-up in order to examine preschool education as a social investment. Economic values are estimated for program cost, child care provided, later education cost reductions, increased higher education cost, delinquency and crime cost reductions, earnings increases, and welfare cost reductions. The net present value of benefits and costs is positive, indicating that the program was a profitable social investment. Analysis of the distribution of effects revealed that taxpayers obtained most of the economic benefits and that their benefits exceeded costs. Generalizability of the findings and their implications for public policy are examined.

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Kind, Jarl, W. J. Wouter Botzen, and Jeroen C. J. H. Aerts. "Social vulnerability in cost-benefit analysis for flood risk management." Environment and Development Economics 25, no. 2 (October 7, 2019): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x19000275.

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AbstractTraditional cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) of flood risk reduction measures usually ignore distributions of damages over populations, which disadvantages the poor. Instead, a CBA based on social welfare includes individual social vulnerability through relative impacts on consumption. If vulnerabilities are high, floods are catastrophic and cause poverty, migration or indirect deaths, and risk reductions have high social welfare values. For non-catastrophic risks, social welfare values of risks are relatively higher for vulnerable low-income households. We present a framework to integrate social vulnerability into CBAs, and show how financial protection reduces social flood vulnerability and provides welfare benefits. A case study illustrates that traditional CBAs underestimate the social welfare value of flood risk reduction measures, up to a factor of 30. Data on financial protection is however scarce, which hampers estimation of the social welfare value in practice. A solution is to increase financial protection of individuals, in addition to offering physical flood protection.

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Wu, Shifang. "Industry Value Chain Analysis on Benefit Models of New Energy Vehicles." International Journal of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5963/ijcsai0201004.

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Meunier, David, and Emile Quinet. "Value of Time Estimations in Cost Benefit Analysis: The French Experience." Transportation Research Procedia 8 (2015): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2015.06.042.

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Asche, Carl V., Minchul Kim, Alisha Brown, Antoinette Golden, Torrey A. Laack, Javier Rosario, Christopher Strother, Vicken Y. Totten, and Yasuharu Okuda. "Communicating Value in Simulation: Cost-Benefit Analysis and Return on Investment." Academic Emergency Medicine 25, no. 2 (November 30, 2017): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acem.13327.

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Rosenthal, Donald H., and Robert H. Nelson. "Why Existence Value Should Not Be Used in Cost-Benefit Analysis." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 11, no. 1 (1992): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3325135.

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Lee, Stephanie, and Steve Aos. "Using Cost–Benefit Analysis to Understand the Value of Social Interventions." Research on Social Work Practice 21, no. 6 (June 10, 2011): 682–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049731511410551.

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Since 1983, the Washington State Institute for Public Policy has conducted applied research as a nonpartisan agency of the state legislature. Over the years, discussions in the state have turned toward emphasizing “evidence-based” programs and policies in decision making, and research requests of the legislature have evolved to reflect this movement. This article discusses the usefulness of the Institute’s most recent approach to policy research, cost–benefit analysis. The authors discuss the two necessary conditions for driving policy change through cost–benefit analysis: institutional support and reliable analytical models. In addition, the authors provide nontechnical details of our three primary analytical steps: reviewing the research literature, computing the economics, and developing portfolios of policy options.

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Dallman, Suzanne, Anita M. Chaudhry, Misgana K. Muleta, and Juneseok Lee. "The Value of Rain: Benefit-Cost Analysis of Rainwater Harvesting Systems." Water Resources Management 30, no. 12 (July 15, 2016): 4415–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-016-1429-0.

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Rosenthal, Donald H., and Robert H. Nelson. "Why existence value should not be used in cost-benefit analysis." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.4050110109.

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Beagrie, Neil, Monica Duke, Catherine Hardman, Dipak Kalra, Brian Lavoie, Manjula Patel, Liz Lyon, and Matthew Woollard. "The KRDS Benefit Analysis Toolkit: Development and Application." International Journal of Digital Curation 7, no. 2 (October 23, 2012): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v7i2.230.

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This paper provides an overview of the KRDS Benefit Analysis Toolkit. The Toolkit has been developed to assist curation activities by assessing the benefits associated with the long-term preservation of research data. It builds on the outputs of the Keeping Research Data Safe (KRDS) research projects and consists of two tools: the KRDS Benefits Framework, and the Value-chain and Benefits Impact tool. Each tool consists of a more detailed guide and worksheet(s). Both tools have drawn on partner case studies and previous work on benefits and impact for digital curation and preservation. This experience has provided a series of common examples of generic benefits that are employed in both tools for users to modify or add to as required.

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Posner, Eric, and E. Glen Weyl. "Benefit-Cost Analysis for Financial Regulation." American Economic Review 103, no. 3 (May 1, 2013): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.103.3.393.

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Calls for benefit-cost analysis in rule-making, based on the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform Act, have revealed a paucity of work on allocative efficiency in financial markets. We propose three principles to help fill this gap. First, we highlight the need for quantifying the statistical cost of a crisis to trade off the risk of a crisis against loss of growth during good times. Second, we propose a framework quantifying the social value of price discovery, and highlighting which arbitrages are over- and under-supplied from a social perspective. Finally, we distinguish between insurance benefits and gambling-facilitation harms of market completion.

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Hilyana, Sitti, Sadikin Amir, Nurliah Buhari, Saptono Waspodo, and Soraya Gigentika. "Valuasi Ekonomi Sumberdaya Terumbu Karang di Kawasan Konservasi Gita Nada - Sekotong." Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan Lesser Sunda 1, no. 1 (May 27, 2021): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jikls.v1i1.27.

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Economic valuation is an important instrument in making policies for managing coral reef resources effectively and efficiently and is able to distribute the value of benefits and costs in developing conservation areas. This study aims to determine the economic valuation of coral reef resources in TWP Gita Nada Sekotong Lombok Barat Regency. The research used the survey method with a sample size of 45 respondents determined by purposive random sampling based on the status of the respondent. Data analysis uses the Total Economic Value (TEV) approach by aggregating the value of direct benefits, indirect benefit values, value of selected benefits, value of existence benefits, and value of inheritance benefits. The results showed that the TEV of coral reef in TWP Gita Nada was Rp. 147,976,915,107.98/year or IDR 54,778,806.30/ha/year. The value of indirect benefits contributed IDR 113,523,601,904.00 per year (76.7% of the total economic value of coral reefs), while the direct benefit contributes Rp. 34,453,313,203.98 per year (23.3% of the total economic value of coral reefs).

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Holland, Stephen, and Jean Cross. "Cost Benefit Analysis of Industrial Noise Regulation." Economic and Labour Relations Review 6, no. 1 (June 1995): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530469500600108.

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This paper examines the application of the techniques of economic analysis to occupational health and safety regulations using occupational noise as an example. The paper explores the extent to which economic impact studies are practically feasible and useful in relation to occupational health and safety legislation. Six studies of the same regulatory change, from four countries were analysed. The results of these studies ranged from a strongly negative to a significantly positive net present value, depending on the assumptions made. The factor which had the greatest influence on these differences was the way in which benefits are costed. It is shown that in the field of Occupational Health and Safety, economic analysis does not produce a single valid net present value or benefit to cost ratio on which a decision to legislate can sensibly be based. However the analysis can, if properly directed provide useful information on factors which will enable organisations to optimise their response to the regulation and authorities to introduce regulations in a way which does not bear with unreasonable weight on specific sectors of the community.

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Rößl, Dietmar. "Das gesellschaftlich verantwortliche Agieren von Genossenschaften als Komponente des Membership-Value." Zeitschrift für das gesamte Genossenschaftswesen 67, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfgg-2017-0010.

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AbstractCooperative banks do not easily generate immediate economic benefit for their members through business relations with them. They try to create meta-economic members’ benefits and to accomplish their mission by acting socially responsible, mostly with regional aspects. The question arises, whether members view these efforts as a part of their benefit. In this article, we answer this question by using a marketing oriented argumentation and an analysis of a cooperative which presents itself as socially responsible.

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Simbala, Rey Wahyudi, Hengki Djemie Walangitan, and Charles ,. Kepel. "VALUASI EKONOMI HUTAN MANGROVE DI TANJUNG DUDEPO, KECAMATAN BOLAANG UKI, KABUPATEN BOLAANG MONGONDOW SELATAN." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 13, no. 3 (September 20, 2017): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.13.3.2017.18013.

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The objectives of the study were to analyze: (1) direct and indirect benefits; and (2) The total economic value of mangrove forests in Dudepo Cape, Bolaang Uki Sub-district, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency, North Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted inside and around the area of mangrove protected forest in Dudepo Cape. The study was conducted for 3 (three) months from January - March of 2016. This research uses primary data and secondary data. Primary data were collected through interviews with the community based on prepared questionnaires. Sampling colection using purposive sampling method. Secondary data were collected including from Bolaang Uki Sub-district Office and Dudepo Village Office. The data collected from the field were analyzed using descriptive and quantitative analysis methods. The study found that (1) the direct benefits earned by the community consisted of the value of forest products and the value of the fishery benefits (the benefits of wood for house construction, the benefits of wood for houses, the benefits of firewood, the benefits of wood for stakes and fences, the benefits of shrimp, and the benefits of crabs). While the value of indirect benefits of abrasion retention and erosion benefits, the benefits of choice, the benefits of existence and inheritance benefits. (2) The total economic value of mangrove forest ecosystem in Dudepo village consists of direct benefit value of Rp. 822,165,000 / year of indirect benefit amount of Rp. 453.792.178 / year, the value of the preferred benefit of Rp. 306.405.000./year, the value of the existence benefit of Rp. 1.372.635 / year, the value of the existence benefit of Rp. 13.353.660 / year. and inheritance value of Rp. 82.216.500 / year. The total economic value of the total benefit of mangrove forest ecosystem in Dudepo village is Rp. 1.677.932.338./ year.

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Ramirez, Jorge, Wiktor L. Adamowicz, K. William Easter, and Theodore Graham-Tomasi. "Ex post analysis of flood control: Benefit-cost analysis and the value of information." Water Resources Research 24, no. 8 (August 1988): 1397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/wr024i008p01397.

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Graves, Philip E. "Benefit-Cost Analysis of Environmental Projects: A Plethora of Biases Understating Net Benefits." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 3, no. 3 (August 23, 2012): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/2152-2812.1041.

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There are many reasons to suspect that benefit-cost analysis applied to environmental policies will result in policy decisions that will reject those environmental policies. The important question, of course, is whether those rejections are based on proper science. The present paper explores sources of bias in the methods used to evaluate environmental policy in the United States, although most of the arguments translate immediately to decision-making in other countries. There are some “big picture” considerations that have gone unrecognized, and there are numerous more minor, yet cumulatively important, technical details that point to potentially large biases against acceptance on benefit-cost grounds of environmental policies that have true marginal benefits greater than true marginal costs, both in net present value terms. It is hoped that the issues raised here will improve future conduct of benefit-cost analyses of environmental policies.

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Wang, Zhuo, and Rd Rohmat Saedudin. "A new algorithm for real economy benefit evaluation based on big data analysis." Open Physics 16, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 967–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2018-0118.

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Abstract Based on the Sino-foreign petroleum cooperation project, the benefit evaluation algorithm of real economy based on big data analysis is proposed. The investment payback period, net present value, internal rate of return, discounted profit after investment and option value are selected as the benefit evaluation indicators of the real economy. The benchmark yield, discount rate and oil option parameters are defined as the benefits evaluation parameters of the real economy. Through the Delphi method and the analytic hierarchy process, the weight of each factor is specified. The method of expert independent scoring is used to construct the judgment matrix, and the consistency check is performed on the sort. The feature quantity matrix of the evaluation indicator is established to perform dimensionless processing on the original data. The project’s economic benefit indicators are divided into positive indicators of “ideal economic benefits” and negative indicators of “negative economic benefits”, the grey correlations are calculated, and real economic benefits are assessed. The results of project example analysis show that the algorithm not only realizes the whole life cycle management of overseas oil and gas cooperation projects, but also conducts tracking and evaluation of project implementation and economic benefits during the implementation process, and conducts sensitivity analysis on key indicators, that provides effective decision support for managers.

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Loría Rebolledo, Luis. "Benefit valuation for a Cost-Benefit Analysis in the context of developing nations." Revista Nacional de Administración 11, no. 2 (December 16, 2020): e3219. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/rna.v11i2.3219.

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Cost Benefit Analyses can be useful tools for the appraisal of infrastructure projects and policies. The literature and guidance documents on the application of the CBA methodology are extensive. Moreover, the vast majority of this literature is focused on applications in upper and upper-middle countries (developed nations). This paper adds to this literature by exploring the issues of undertaking a benefit valuation exercise, as part of a CBA, in the context of developing nations. It provides an overview of the different methodologies to value benefits and offers guidance on some of the issues that may arise when such methodologies are implemented in a developing nation. This paper also offers general guidance to ensure a benefit valuation exercise provides a helpful tool to appraise a project in the context of a developing nation.

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White, J. M., P. G. Allen, L. J. Moffitt, and P. P. Kingsley. "Economic analysis of an areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 10, no. 4 (December 1995): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300006433.

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AbstractAn areawide program for biological control of the alfalfa weevil showed expected economic benefits of $2.2 billion, expressed in present value terms. Alfalfa producers and consumers of livestock products are the main beneficiaries. The control program was highly successful, with a benefit/cost ratio of about 91. Not all areawide biological pest control programs will be as successful; a benefit-cost analysis like the one described here should be performed before areawide control is initiated to identify programs expected to provide economic benefits.

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Sinha, Priyanka, and Saumya Singh. "Comparing Risks and Benefits for Value Enhancement of Online Purchase." Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business 19, no. 3 (December 22, 2017): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/gamaijb.10512.

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In a developing economy, the acceptability of e–retailing is not very new, but the potential of online marketing in market research and analysis is still largely unexplored. This article is an attempt to understand the psyche of Indian online consumers. As consumers have their own preconceived notions toward this growing purchasing environment, it becomes important for e-retailers to understand the consumers’ perceptions and attitudes toward online purchases. This paper integrates the dimensions of the risks and benefits with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to understand how consumers adopt their online purchase processes. Four hundred and sixty-eight valid responses were analyzed using structural equation modeling on AMOS 21 to identify the relationship between the different factors and the intention to purchase online. The paper concludes that consumers’ purchase intentions are jointly determined by their attitude towards online purchases and the subjective norm. Furthermore, their attitude is determined by the sub-dimensions of perceived benefits (hedonic benefit, convenience benefit, economic benefit and variety) and the sub-dimensions of perceived risk (product risk and financial risk).

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Sunstein, Cass R. "Is cost–benefit analysis a foreign language?" Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1373833.

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Do people think better in a foreign language? In some ways, yes. There is considerable evidence to this effect, at least to the extent that they are less likely to rely on intuitions that can lead to serious errors. This finding reinforces, and makes more plausible, a central claim in regulatory policy, which involves the value of cost–benefit analysis. In a sense, cost–benefit analysis is a foreign language, and it reduces the risk that people will rely on intuitions that cause serious errors.

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Reed, William J., and Jane J. Ye. "COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS APPLIED TO WILDERNESS PRESERVATION-OPTION VALUE UNCERTAINTY AND DITONICITY." Natural Resource Modeling 8, no. 4 (September 1994): 335–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-7445.1994.tb00189.x.

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Hopkin, Danny, Michael Spearpoint, Matthew Arnott, and Ruben Van Coile. "Cost-benefit analysis of residential sprinklers – Application of a judgement value method." Fire Safety Journal 106 (June 2019): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2019.04.003.

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Ma, Yan Ting, and Chun Jie Ma. "The Benefit-Cost Analysis on Construction Project Feasibility." Applied Mechanics and Materials 357-360 (August 2013): 2312–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.357-360.2312.

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Through the concept of benefit-cost and the comparison with financial evaluation, this article expounds the method and applicability of benefit-cost analysis, and gives three indicators which are economic internal rate of return (EIRR), economic net present value (ENPV) and benefit-cost ratio (RBC) to analyze the feasibility of construction project.

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Cali, Jonathan, Heather Cogswell, Mompati Buzwani, Elizabeth Ohadi, and Carlos Avila. "Cost-benefit analysis of outsourcing cleaning services at Mahalapye hospital, Botswana." Journal of Hospital Administration 5, no. 1 (December 9, 2015): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v5n1p114.

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Objective: As part of its national privatization strategy to diversify the economy, Botswana has started outsourcing nonclinical services at seven public hospitals. Hospital managers are signing contracts without knowing whether outsourcing offers better value for money than “insourcing”. The objective of this study is to assist hospital administrators in making evidence-based outsourcing decisions.Methods: We conducted a cost-benefit analysis of cleaning services at Mahalapye Hospital. We take the hospital manager’s perspective when considering two alternatives: outsourcing, and “insourcing”. We used an activity-based costing approach and monetised benefits by weighting costs of the alternatives based on a service quality survey of hospital managers.Results: After adjusting per quality of the service, outsourcing provides greater value for money in terms of “cleanliness per pula spent” than insourcing. Incremental costs of outsourcing are Botswana Pula (BWP) 5 million (US $524,135) over five years but outsourcing is cost-beneficial after considering quality. The benefit-cost ratio of 1.06 means that outsourcing would return six cents in value for every dollar invested, resulting in net gains for Mahalapye Hospital of BWP 1.7 million (US $182,365) over five years.Discussion: Important lessons for hospital managers include: 1) Assessing the value of outsourcing requires information on the unit price of the outsourced services; 2) Outsourcing can be more costly than insourcing; 3) Outsourcing may be justified if it increases the quality of the service; 4) Collaboration between hospitals and vendors could reduce costs and increase benefits for both vendor and purchaser; and 5) Outsourcing should get more cost-beneficial as vendors and hospitals gain experience working together.Conclusions: The lessons from this study are relevant to other hospitals considering outsourcing agreements. Outsourcing requires managerial skills, supported by sound benchmark data and proper quality monitoring to streamline operations, achieve value for money and improve service delivery so hospitals can focus on core clinical services.

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Farrow, Scott. "Adding Value with Benefit-Cost Analysis: Forecasting Net Social Benefit from Impacts of Slot Machine Gambling in Maryland." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 6, no. 2 (2015): 281–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2015.45.

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The estimated impacts, benefits, and costs of legalizing slot machines in Maryland are analyzed building on and contrasting with results from an impact analysis. The analysis provides estimates of the components and the total net benefits to the state and its citizens; the role of uncertainty, distributional impacts, and a basic tax alternative. The results forecast mostly positive net benefits for Maryland both in comparison to doing nothing and in comparison to raising an equivalent amount in taxes. However, if slot revenue raised from the lower income population is given more weight, then doing nothing or raising taxes appears to be preferred.

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Kookkaew, Pathompong. "Cost and Benefit Analysis of One Tambon One Product: A Case study of Rattan and Bamboo Wickerwork Products Group of Bantungfak, Thailand." Journal of Business and Economics 10, no. 7 (July 20, 2019): 654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/07.10.2019/006.

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The purposes of this research study were cost and benefits analysis of Rattan and Bamboo Wickerwork Products Group. Qualitative study was employed to collect and analyze data using in-depth interview. Interview questions were related to costs and benefit, and return on investment analysis — Net Present Value: NPV, Internal Rate of Return: IRR, Benefit and Cost Ratio: B/C Ratio at Discount Rate of 7% of 10 years of project life. The results reveal that Net Present Value (NPV) was 137,391 Baht, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) was 30.89%, Benefit and Cost Ratio (B/C Ratio) was 1.04. Financial return is in capital investment decision criteria.

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Candreva, Phillip, and Robert Eger. "Can health benefit outcomes benefit public health budget professionals." Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting & Financial Management 30, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpbafm-03-2018-005.

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Purpose To assist in achieving cost effective health care allocations in a collective choice setting, the purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of a tool not common in the public budgeting literature but is common in the health economics literature. Design/methodology/approach Through a meta-analysis of the health care spending literature that computed the value of quality-adjusted life years, the authors provide an alternative approach for budgeters and policymakers. Findings The authors provide an alternative approach for budgeters and policymakers for weighing the benefits of alternative health care spending allocations. Originality/value The authors introduce an alternative approach for weighing the benefits of alternative health care spending allocations. As a tool for budgeting professionals, cost per QALY allows for the opportunity to raise cost-effectiveness of public health expenditures as a tool for governments to allocate resources based on outcomes, rather than inputs.

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de Wit, Ardine, Paul van Gils, Eelco Over, Joran Lokkerbol, Filip Smit, Ilaria Mosca, Wim Spit, Reina de Kinderen, and Silvia Evers. "VP129 Social Cost Benefit Analysis (SCBA) Of Three Alcohol Policy Measures." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317003786.

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INTRODUCTION:Alcohol abuse and addiction lead to a high disease burden for the persons concerned. Moreover, it has economic consequences for society, including costs of health care, costs due to reduced productivity, criminal activities, traffic accidents, and violence, both in private and public domains. The aim of this study was to perform a social cost-benefit analysis (SCBA) of three policy measures (tax increase, reducing number of sales venues, and advertising ban) over a period of 50 years, along with the distribution of costs and benefits among stakeholders (1).METHODS:The analysis follows Dutch guidelines for performing SCBAs. Costs and benefits in eight different domains were comprehensively identified. Model simulations were used to estimate future social costs and benefits of three policy measures, compared to not intervening.RESULTS:Over a period of 50 years, the greatest social benefits were expected from a tax increase. The cumulative discounted net monetary benefit over a period of 50 years is EUR12 billion (95 percent Confidence Interval, CI EUR11-EUR13billion) in the 50 percent tax increase scenario. The net benefits of the other two measures are smaller. The cumulative discounted value to society of a 10 percent decrease in outlet density over a 50-year period amounts to EUR4 billion (range: EUR3 - EUR5 billion). A total media ban with an estimated reduction of 4 percent in alcohol consumption leads to an expected cumulative discounted value to society over a 50-year period of EUR7 billion.CONCLUSIONS:All policy scenarios lead more or less to positive effects for society. The greatest benefits are associated with measures aimed at raising the excise tax on alcohol. Estimations as made in this study may serve to inform alcohol policy in the Netherlands.

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Nwabueze, Gift, Joel Ogbonna, and Chijioke Nwaozuzu. "COST – BENEFIT ANALYSIS FOR NIGERIAN NATURAL GAS PIPELINE INVESTMENT." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 7, no. 9 (September 25, 2020): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v7.i9.2020.780.

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This paper performs cost-benefit analysis of a pipeline infrastructure project based on a given natural gas demand in order to estimate the net present value and payback time for natural gas pipeline investment in Nigeria. The result of the cost-benefit analysis indicates a positive net revenue and net present value (NPV) at the current regulated transport cost and availability factor for gas pipelines in Nigeria. However, with a payback period of 14 years, a natural gas pipeline project in Nigeria is likely to lose-out investment capital to other competing investments within the oil and gas sector. Scenario analysis indicates that by doubling the regulated transport cost with a 50% tax reduction, the pipeline investment results in a much higher NPV and a payback of 4 years, which is more acceptable to investors.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Value benefit analysis'

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