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Journal articles on the topic 'Value-semantic options'
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1
Ю.М., Сошина. "ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПРОГРАМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ЦІННІСНО-СМИСЛОВИХ НАСТАНОВЛЕНЬ". Вісник Харківського національного педагогічного університету імені Г.С. Сковороди "Психологія", № 52 (16 січня 2016): 344–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.44875.
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The analysis of effectiveness of the program of formation of value-semantic options are reviewed in the article. The main objective of the program has been given (systematic and purposeful influence to formation the value-semantic options on account of creation and realization special psychological conditions). The existential-humanistic approach has been defined as the main in development and implementation of psycho-logical and pedagogical program. A list of basic information and interactive methods and forms of work has been given. The structure of the program of formation of value-semantic options has been reviewed. Compiled by the results of experimental research the hierarchy of teenagers’ values of the control and experimental groups has been given. The data that confirms the effectiveness of the program of formation has been re-viewed.
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Shulga, Irina Ivanovna. "Pedagogical culture: The value-semantic context of digital transformation of education." Journal of Pedagogical Innovations, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1812-9463.2201.01.
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The purpose of the article is to determine the value-semantic teaching guidelines taking into account changes caused by the digital transformation of education. Humanistic foundations of education in current conditions proposed by the author as a result of the scientific and theoretical analysis are as follows: (1) pedagogical culture is a meaningful part of the educational system, (2) the architecture of relations between the stages of educational activity has changed, (3) pedagogical culture is a component of teaching proficiency in the digital world. All these aspects make up the considerations that should be taken into account when evaluating options to improve an educational system.
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Koohi, Hamidreza, Ziad Kobti, Tahereh Farzi, and Emad Mahmodi. "UDIS: Enhancing Collaborative Filtering with Fusion of Dimensionality Reduction and Semantic Similarity." Electronics 13, no. 20 (2024): 4073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13204073.
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In the era of vast information, individuals are immersed in choices when purchasing goods and services. Recommender systems (RS) have emerged as vital tools to navigate these excess options. However, these systems encounter challenges like data sparsity, impairing their effectiveness. This paper proposes a novel approach to address this issue and enhance RS performance. By integrating user demographic data, singular value decomposition (SVD) clustering, and semantic similarity in collaborative filtering (CF), we introduce the UDIS method. This method amalgamates four prediction types—user-based CF (U), demographic-similarity-based (D), item-based CF (I), and semantic-similarity-based (S). UDIS generates separate predictions for each category and evaluates four different merging techniques—the average, max, weighted sum, and Shambour methods—to integrate these predictions. Among these, the average method proved most effective, offering a balanced approach that significantly improved precision and accuracy on the MovieLens dataset compared to alternative methods.
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Malinauskiene, N. "Homer’s fi xed epithets golden and silver." Kathedra of Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies, no. 7 (November 26, 2020): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1726.2658-7157.2020_7/23-41.
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This article provides a comprehensive linguistic analysis of the Homeric epithets golden and silver in comparative terms. They are considered in the following aspects: frequency of use, semantic structure, contextual environment, word-formation features and capabilities, stylistic originality and aesthetic signifi cance, as well as translation options into Russian. The quantitative (higher usage statistics) and qualitative (more complex semantic structure, richer word-formation capabilities and lexical compatibility) predominance of golden over silver, its greater social and aesthetic value is established. As a result of the research, the degree of traditionality of these epithets and the tendency to a variety of their use are clarifi ed. There is also a general desire of translators to preserve the tradition and constancy of these epithets with the assumption of only some variation. The problem of the infl uence of the Homeric use of these epithets on the further literary tradition is raised due to the fact that the basis for ideas about the Golden age was already laid in the Homeric era.
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Abakumova, Irina, Mikhail Godunov, and Anastasia Grishina. "TRIALECTICAL APPROACH TO SENSE-MAKING STRATEGIES." World of academia: Culture, Education, no. 8 (October 30, 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2658-6983-2020-08-40-46.
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While studying sense-making regulation, we have previously elaborated on a basic personological model based on dual relations of personal traits. Their representation in the form of an ensemble of bipolar semantic scales' shows two strategies for organization of the notional sphere – positive development or degradation of the personality (Godunov, 2017). This approach reduces all the variety of options for personal development to a pair of oppositions. The purpose of this article is to theoretically substantiate the transition from the dual to trinal model of sense-making strategies and their description. The genesis of personal traits and meanings that determine them is examined from trialectic viewpoint on the basis of the three-fold sense-making strategies. This methodological approach allows carrying out multifactor diagnostics and qualitative interpretation of various states of personal value-semantic sphere which simulates behavior patterns in various life situations. This helps one to realize the peculiarities of one’s being and otherness as conditions of spiritual self-improvement in the way of self-transcendence
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Кулида, О. А., and Т. С. Троицкая. "Realization of the value-semantic potential of knowledge in the technological support of modern higher education." Bulletin of Pedagogical Sciences, no. 5 (May 17, 2024): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.62257/2687-1661-2024-5-72-77.
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в статье раскрывается важный аспект решения проблемы фундаментализации современного высшего образования и технологического обеспечения процесса реализации потенциала гуманитарного знания. Целью исследования является ретроспективный анализ концептуализации моделирования образовательных технологий и обоснование необходимости перехода исследований и практики к разработке целевых (ценностно-смысловых) технологий. На основе интерпретации комплекса различных видов моделей эксплицированы возможности расширения объектов, способов моделирования технологий, исследования и разработки новых перспективных вариантов. Новое видение и проектирование решения проблемы представлено в примерных предложениях фундаментальной и ценностно-смысловой генерализации знания через имплементацию ведущих детерминант антропологического, аксиологического и праксеологического подходов, через методологический алгоритм восхождения к ценностно-смысловому знанию и через трансфер коммуникативно-диалогических стратегий обучения в когнитивно-коммуникативную технологию командной работы по смыслополаганию. Доказана конструктивность когнитивно-коммуникативной технологии смыслополагания в реализации целей фундаментализации и в восстановлении баланса гуманитарного и технократического знания, в диалектике жизни и культуры, в инновационном развитии образования и педагогики. Теоретическое и практическое значение состоит в совершенствовании образовательных технологий, направленных на интеграцию фундаментальной, гуманитарной и профессиональной составляющей высшего образования. Допустимые концептуальные проекции можно использовать в процессе создания технологий, в обучении и в культурно-образовательных практиках. the article reveals an important aspect of solving the problem of fundamentalization of modern higher education and technological support for the process of realizing the potential of humanitarian knowledge. The purpose of the study is a retrospective analysis of the conceptualization of educational technology modeling and substantiation of the need for the transition of research and practice to the development of target (value-semantic) technologies. Based on the interpretation of a complex of different types of models, the possibilities of expanding objects, methods of modeling technologies, research and development of new promising options are explicated. A new vision and design of a solution to the problem is presented in exemplary proposals for the fundamental and value-semantic generalization of knowledge through the implementation of the leading determinants of anthropological, axiological and praxeological approaches, through a methodological algorithm for ascent to value-semantic knowledge and through the transfer of communicative-dialogical teaching strategies into cognitive-communicative technology team work on sense-making. The constructiveness of the cognitive-communicative technology of meaning-setting in the realization of the goals of fundamentalization and in restoring the balance of humanitarian and technocratic knowledge, in the dialectic of life and culture, in the innovative development of education and pedagogy is proved. The theoretical and practical significance lies in the improvement of educational technologies aimed at integrating the fundamental, humanitarian and professional components of higher education. Acceptable conceptual projections can be used in the process of creating technologies, in teaching and in cultural and educational practices.
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Urmancheeva, I. S. "Expanded Component Structure as Manifestation of Constructive Alternativeness of Phraseological Units (on Example of Pechora and All-Russian Expressions)." Philology 17, no. 9 (2018): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2018-17-9-43-52.
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In the following article, various manifestations of constructive alternativeness of the all-Russian and dialect phraseological units are considered. The main attention is paid to the Pechora turns (that is to set expressions, which are used in dialects of Local Pechora – the speech of radical Russian residents of the settlements located down the river to Pechora and its inflows to Pizhma, Tsilma and Neritsa) having expanded component structure with functionally various components distributors. As a rule, it is lexemes definitions (adjectives, participles, ordinal numerals, possessive pronouns), but also the components performing adverbial or object and additional functions meet. The structure of the Pechora phraseological units sometimes extends also at the expense of verbal components which, however, can represent an obligatory verbal environment, but phraseological unit not to be included. Reduction or increase in quantity of components of a phraseological unit differently influences his internal form and an idiomaticity: increases opacity of a phraseological unit at reduction of component structure and leads to clearing of an internal form at his expansion, and sometimes serves as attempt of national and etymological decoding of an image. The semantic redundancy, a pleonasm inherent in some turns with components distributors. In some cases the specifying component can provoke semantic shifts of phraseological units or promote representation of other mental installations. The practical value of comparison of dialect and all-Russian constructive options (except conclusions about structural-semantic and figurative and pragmatical properties of phraseological units) consists in a possibility of specification of historical and etymological versions and clearings of a phraseological image.
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Höhmann, Doris. "Kulturelle Schlüsselwörter und ihre Ausdrucksvarianten im korpusgestützten Sprach- und Kulturvergleich." Linguistik Online 124, no. 6 (2023): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.124.10719.
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By analysing large and very large corpora, it is possible to capture fine-grained subsections of semantic networks. This more precise capture on the basis of more meaningful datasets makes it possible to pursue various research questions that could previously have been considered but not investigated due to a lack of quantitative research options. From a discourse-analytical perspective, but also with regard to the use of keywords in pedagogical practices in museum contexts (see also Milanese 2014), this article focuses on the different meanings that the various variants of keywords possess and which, as will be shown on the basis of selected examples, are coupled with a different signal value that becomes apparent in intra- and interlingual comparison. Of particular interest is the divergence of communicative traditions. In addition to a highly specialised corpus of specialist texts in of Germanand Italian on Renaissance works, the currently available German and Italian TenTen-corpora (itTenTen20, deTenTen20) are used as a data basis.
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Pavlova, Olena. "Development of the axiosphere of a future teacher in the dialogue space of modern education." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University 2, no. 8 (346) (2021): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2021-8(346)-2-293-301.
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The article reveals the peculiarities of the development of the axiosphere of the future teacher in the dialogue space of modern education. The purposeful formation of the system of personal-professional system of values is actualized. Pedagogical axiology is characterized. It is determined that the basis of pedagogical axiology as a science of the values of education is a specific pedagogical interpretation of the most important functions. Considering this space as a context, and as a tool of the educational process, its axiological and semantic potential is noted, which is enhanced by the presence of dialogue space, in the center of which is dialogue as a unique system-forming component. The need to form the value attitude of students to the future pedagogical profession is emphasized. The axiological and semantic potential of the educational space is analyzed. The dialogue space in the center of which there is a dialogue as a unique system-forming component is considered. It is substantiated that the creation of such a space, which forms the axiosphere of the teacher, will help to solve the quality of education, realize the intellectual, spiritual and creative potential of the individual by building an individual trajectory of the subject of educational process; to ensure active interaction of equal subjects, their openness to new experiences, their understanding of the meaning of life and possible options for self-expression; and, finally, to create conditions for free, full-fledged involvement in the humanistic system of values, without violating the nature of educational activities.
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Діаб, Набіл. "AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT OF THE CONCEPT "THE VALUE OF OWN LIFE" (BASED ON THE RESULTS OF A PSYCHOLINGUISTIC EXPERIMENT)." Вісник ХНПУ імені Г. С. Сковороди "Психология", no. 63 (2020): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/23129387.2020.63.02.
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Relevance of the research. A sense of the value of one's own life and the peculiarities of its experience not sufficiently studied in domestic psychology. Understanding how this feeling arises and strengthens is necessary for the development of new technologies for psychological counselling and assistance to people facing various life problems. The aim of the study is to analyze the universal and unique features of the verbal behavior of subjects of different ages and sex in relation to the phenomenon of the value of their own life. Research methods. The subjects participated in a free associative experiment - writing five words that come to mind in connection with the phrase "The value of one's own life." Sample - 232 subjects (87 men and 145 women). The group of late adolescence consisted of 65 subjects aged 16 to 21 years. There were 81 subjects in the group of young people (22-30 years old). The mature group (61 people) was in the age range from 31 to 59 years. In the group of late maturity - 25 subjects. Results. Variants of semantic systems were identified, which are verbalizing in associations and involved in determining the direction of experiencing a sense of value of their own life among men and women, early age, young, mature and advanced age. These options broadly correspond to the six main sources of the value of one's own life. Conclusions. The value of one's own life is the willingness to experience the struggle for survival. This is the ability to deploy "techniques of being" when the subject responds to certain challenges of life. The identified male associates in the associative experiment have an external orientation and accentuate the idea of space / time. Women's associates are connected with the inner world, connected with personal and psycho-regulatory qualities. The types of age-related dynamics of associates were identified: “transversal”, “increasing”, “decreasing”, “bulging”.
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Koshkareva, N. D. "Typical Existential-Spatial Syntactic Structures and Their Semantics in the Khanty and Nenets Languages." Philology 17, no. 9 (2018): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2018-17-9-53-65.
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In the following article, we classify the typical existential-spatial syntactic structures in two Khanty dialects (Kazym and Surgut) and two Nenets dialects (Forest and Tundra). We distinguish two classes of elementary simple sentences corresponding to one proposition: static, or existential-locative, denoting an un-changing state of an object in space, and dynamic, denoting transition from one point to another. Each of these classes contains causative variants denoting causa-tion of location (who keeps what and where) and causation of movement, or transition (who moves what and where), which are represented by non-elementary simple sentences. Khanty and Nenets, as well as their dialects, differ by how they represent spatial relations: in Khanty, analytical means (postpositions and preverbs) prevail, whereas in Nenets, synthetic means (case markers) are more common. Existential-spatial relations are expressed by the following means: adverbs, postpositions, case markers, preverbs (the latter are unique for Ugric languages). Kazym dialect of the Khanty language has a reduced case system, in which two cases are contrasted, namely locative-instrumental and dative-directional, expressing static and dynamic spatial relations. In the Surgut dialect, there are two com-peting directional cases, as well as locative and ablative. In Nenets, there is a case system where each spatial case denotes a certain type of spatial relations: place, direction, starting point, and route. Correspondingly, in Kazym dialect, one mostly finds analytical means of expression of spatial relations; postpositions and preverbs are more frequent than in other Khanty and Nenets dialects analyzed in our work. component structure and leads to clearing of an internal form at his expansion, and sometimes serves as attempt of national and etymological decoding of an image. The semantic redundancy, a pleonasm inherent in some turns with components distributors. In some cases the specifying component can provoke semantic shifts of phraseological units or promote representation of other mental installations. The practical value of comparison of dialect and all-Russian constructive options (except conclusions about structural-semantic and figurative and pragmatical properties of phraseological units) consists in a possibility of specification of historical and etymological versions and clearings of a phraseological image.
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Skacheva, Nina. "Сoncept of POLITENESS in comparison of Russian and German language cultures". Litera, № 9 (вересень 2023): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2023.9.43911.
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Axiological linguistics is a branch of linguistics that studies ways of expressing the speaker's assessment of the object of utterance, options for classifying assessments, as well as determining general cultural and nationally marked values through language analysis. Evaluation, according to the definition of N.D. Arutyunova, is a special cognitive act, as a result of which the attitude of the subject to the object being evaluated is established in order to determine its significance in the life and activity of the subject. Evaluation activity can be determined not only by philosophical attitudes, but also by the commonality of subjective and objective factors – moral norms, social practice, value orientations, level of education. Therefore, within the framework of the definition of the axiological aspect, the speaker, with the help of language and certain linguistic elements, can transmit, in addition to the information message as such, also his own evaluative connotation in relation to the object of the utterance. Concepts, as linguistic signs of the reflection of the picture of the world in the mind of the subject, fix the meanings inherent in this culture. The study of the semantic potential of the corresponding concepts leads us to the study of value-significant concepts and cultural dominants in the language. The purpose of this article is to study politeness as a significant concept of Russian and German language cultures. Now the phenomenon of polite is being rethought in both cultures.
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Wang, Lin, and Yi Zhang. "The visual design of urban multimedia portals." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (2023): e0282712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282712.
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In the visual design of a portal website, color is the first intuitive factor for users. It is relatively difficult for the designer of a city portal website to choose a color system that represents a city’s unique color from among the many available options. Therefore, this study extracted a decision-making model of the urban color system, which can help decision-makers and designers choose among color systems, and then effectively design a portal website that conforms to local cultural attributes. The proposed method to solve the problem involved obtaining optimal color matching by performing weight analysis of colors through 123 sample color semantics, factor analysis, and a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Semantic analysis was used to classify colors into four categories of fashion, technology, calm, and dazzling. The fashion color matching scheme scored relatively high. Web page color matching schemes with a white background were popular, among which a white and green color matching scheme scored relatively high. At the same time, there are differences in color preferences between genders and cultures. This study is significant because it proposes a color decision model for portal websites, which provides a reference value that can also be applied to the selection of color schemes for other types of web pages in the future.
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Valiullina, Farida M. "Religious motives in the dastan “Idegey”." Golden Horde Review 12, no. 4 (2024): 873–87. https://doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2024-12-4.873-887.
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The purpose of the study: An analysis and systematization of religious motives in the Tatar versions of the epos “Idegey”. Research materials: The main sources are published and archival Tatar versions of the epos “Idegey”, research by famous folklorists, and information from literary and scientific sources. The scientific novelty of the study arises from the fact that an attempt to systematize religious motives in the dastan “Idegey” was based on the study of existing research and a comparative analysis of different options from archival sources. Research results: This work proves that, compared to the mythological layer, the religious layer of the epos is not so rich. In general, even the used and preserved part has an enormous semantic load and artistic and aesthetic value. The work explores motives showing the attitude of Toktamysh Khan, Idegey, and Nuradyn to religion, and images associated with the cult of Islam such as Allah (Alla, Tengri), Ghazazil, angels, gurias, etc. According to the author, unlike religious genres, especially munajats and baits, religious ideology and motives do not occupy a large place in epic works. But they have a certain functional load. Religious motives are not limited to the narration of the people’s attitude of that era to religion; they also contribute to the understanding of religious, philosophical, and moral views while revealing what place religion occupied among the masses of that times.
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KATKOVA, LARISA, and OLEG MEKKA. "THE VALUES OF LEGAL CULTURE IN THE MINDS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS." LEGAL BULLETIN 2, no. 9 (2024): 41–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12683270.
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The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that legal culture in its various manifestations is often considered abstractly, without relying on specific empirical material. Meanwhile, the scientific approach requires that any theoretical position requires verification. In addition, interpretations of legal culture that do not adequately reflect its essence are common in the scientific literature. First of all, we are talking about those models of legal culture that reduce it to law-abiding behavior and knowledge of the law, which, in the opinion of the authors, is completely insufficient. Thus, the essential value-ideological content of legal culture remains in the shadow. Having nothing against the concepts of “legality” and “law-abiding”, we note that this approach does not take into account the real diversity of completely legal targets, orientations of citizens existing in the political and legal sphere. The main goal - to show how the basic legal value categories “freedom”, “justice”, “equality” are reflected in the consciousness of such a social group as students. The problems under consideration. The main problem is seen in the fact that the approach to legal culture dominates in the legal literature, defined by the authors as monological, universalist or objective. This approach does not take into account the specifics of group consciousness and behavior, as well as the content of individual historical periods. With this approach, citizens are considered exclusively as objects of ideological influence, and culture itself is deprived of its main quality -diversity. This problem is solved within the framework of axiological and sociological approaches to the consideration of legal culture. The methods used. The authors, understanding legal culture as a normative value system that determines the behavior of individuals and social groups in the political and legal sphere, apply axiological and sociological approaches to the analysis of legal values. In particular, the results of interviewing university students are presented. Conclusions. The basic values of legal culture are an interconnected complex. Depending on the content of the current situation, one or another value comes to the fore and acts as a systemforming element. In addition, there is a semantic modification of legal values in the process of their practical use as political and legal guidelines. Different interpretations of legal culture determine the technologies for the formation of legal culture, and here the main options are object (focusing on knowledge of laws and lawabiding behavior) and subjective (focusing on activity in protecting one’s own interests, using legal institutions both state and non-state)
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Kaksin, A. D. "LEXICAL MEANS OF REPRESENTATION OF A CONCEPT “ROAD, WAY” IN THE KHANTY LANGUAGE." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 29, no. 3 (2019): 390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2019-29-3-390-397.
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The article is devoted to lexical means of representation (verbalization, objectivization) of a concept “Road, Way” in the Khanty language (on material of a Kazym-dialect). Lexical-semantic options of the words which are the center of means of representation of a concept “Road, Way” and also their separate connotations are confirmed by phrases of informal conversation and examples from works of fiction, dictionaries and collections of folklore of the Khanty language. The main objective was defined by the aspiration to approach language material from cognitive science positions: to point to a number of features of the language embodiment of a required concept as derivatives of a “Finno-Ugric” way of knowledge of the world around. Language at such approach is considered through a prism of human perception. Such problems as communication of language and consciousness, language and the culture of the nation come under the spotlight of researchers. In this regard when studying a lexical meaning of a word the special role is got by representation of a cultural background. In anthropocentric aspect a word is understood as a language unit having the value which is beyond a dictionary definition. The substantial structure of a word joins all stock of linguistic and extra-linguistic data, associations, and diverse meanings. At such approach the word meaning is not limited to the concept, and the most “capacious” word becomes topmost (to denote the concept).
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Julien, Gabriel. "The Phenomenon of Street Children and The Complexity in Reforming Their Lives Through Inclusive Education." International Journal Papier Public Review 5, no. 4 (2024): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.47667/ijppr.v5i4.330.
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Street children are frequently regarded as a phenomenon, they are treated differently and are not viewed positively. Since they are frequently seen negatively, they habitually encounter prejudice and discrimination. The reasons for their presence on the street are still diverse and convoluted. Thus, the chief purpose of this research is to carefully ascertain the merits and demerits of trying to reform them using inclusive education. Various academic search engines like Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, RefSeek, and CORE were extremely useful during this research process. This non-empirical research collected information using various current studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. A thorough literature review was conducted to source accurate and pertinent information about reforming the lives of street children from January 2024 to September 2024. The findings suggest that while inclusion is vital for reforming these children it is convoluted and seemingly impossible to achieve. Inclusion means that all children study together and are afforded various options within the educational system to ameliorate their overall situations. Since the lifestyle of street children is radically different this process seems to be unattainable. A major deterrent to their reformation lies in the fact that they are stigmatized and branded by members of society. This stigmatization is very deep, and it is almost impossible to value the good in street children. Thus, it is tremendously difficulty to reform the lives of street children. Nonetheless, some of them prefer a different type of life and they should be given this opportunity.
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Lesovichenko, Andrey. "B. Britten’s “Guide to the Orchestra”: to the Question of the Unity of the Artistic and Pedagogical Aspects of the Composer’s Plan." Musical Art and Education 7, no. 4 (2019): 65–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2309-1428-2019-7-4-65-81.
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The article presents an analysis of one of the most interesting orchestral compositions intended to familiarize listeners of symphonic concerts with instruments – compositions by Benjamin Britten “Guide to the orchestra. Variations on Purcell’s theme” The composer created his opus in such a way that it could be played in educational programs. At the same time, the composition has a great artistic value. This allows us to consider it in purely musical and pedagogical aspects. The problems of the variation cycle as a dynamically developing flow of diverse images are determined by intonation segments emanating from the theme borrowed from Henry Purcell, in which the initial idea of the master of the XVII century is deeply rethought. The pedagogical task is connected with the demonstration of the timbres of all instruments in solo, ensemble, orchestral sounds, expressing different semantic facets of the original theme, transformed in the process of development into its own antipode. B. Britten found an organic solution to the problems. The article outlines the options for the use of this work in music lessons in secondary school and in the system of additional musical education in the study of instruments of the Symphony orchestra. For this purpose, the comparative characteristics of the performance of the “Guide” by major conductors of different generations are involved, including the interpretation of the composition by the author of the music, which can be assessed a reference. The characteristic of the film for which the music and contemporary videos of the performance of Britten’s opus are written is given.
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Zuenkova, Yuliya A., and Dmitriy I. Kicha. "Values of medical leaders in perspective of value-oriented approach." Sociology of Medicine 20, no. 2 (2022): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/socm100971.
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BACKGROUND: Modern healthcare is based on a value approach and focuses on improving results that are important to patients. The successful implementation of pilot projects at hospitals depends on the motivation of medical stuff and endorse values of the entire team, their readiness to implement management innovations. Team management skills is an important competence of a leader and should be based unique values.
 AIMS: to investigate doctors understanding of the value-based approach and their attitude to the concept for the subsequent development of educational programs and methodological approaches to the management of employees in order to implement value-oriented healthcare programs.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: A content analysis of publications of the understanding of the term value was carried out and key ideas were identified. The authors questionnaire contained twenty closed questions with simple and ordered nominal scales. The survey included managers with more than 5 years of experience, involved in managerial and clinical practice. 69 specialists from Moscow and the Moscow region, working in public or private hospitals took part in the study.
 RESULTS. There is a need to develop additional professional education programs on the topic of value-based healthcare 84% (n=58) of doctors need it. According to medical managers, the main values for the patient are the availability of medical care, its quality and the responsible attitude of medical personnel to their duties. 95.6% (n=66) of doctors consider important to create values (decent pay for the work, respect for patients, the possibility of professional self-improvement) not only for patients, but also for medical personnel. The values of a clinician and a doctor-manager may not coincide. The problem of the discrepancy between the effectiveness and quality of treatment is felt by 84% (n=58) of respondents. The patients subjective assessment should not serve as the only guideline for creating the value of his treatment. It is important to train doctors in the formation of patients adherence to treatment and the factors that determine it joint discussion of treatment options, medical technologies convenient for the patient.
 CONCLUSION. The new and important aspects of the doctorss values and their attitude to the value-oriented approach were identified as well as their attitide to the problems of effectiveness and quality of treatment, patient experience indicators, the role of independent assessment of the quality of medical services, ways and means of achieving patient adherence to treatment, barriers to the implementation of this approach in practical healthcare. In order to identify the profile of potential project leaders, a semantic differential describing key personality parameters is proposed. Orientation to the values of the patient is impossible without taking into account the value system of other participants. Understanding the system of values and expectations of a doctors, their attitude to new ideas, is important in the implementation of a new value-oriented approach and avoids value conflicts.
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Kondratenko, Konstantin. "Options for Modeling Social Rational-Value Networks: Congruence Issues." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 9, no. 4 (2024): 489–503. https://doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2024-9-4-489-503.
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The article introduces a new concept designed to describe the social and sociotechnical processes that were triggered by digital transformation and, in their turn, resulted in Industry 5.0. The author described and modelled egocentric, communicative, convergent, and cause-and-effect rational-semantic networks, in which rationality relies on the semantic model of the system and forms some rational concern for its values and meanings to be implemented in behavior. The theoretical side of the research could be represented as a pyramid of conceptual levels that concentrate from philosophy and general science to particular research with statistical, network, and other methods. The author introduced the term of rational-semantic system to study the network contexts of behavior, including that of social network users. The term was also applied to the phenomena and effects of network interaction, e.g. the legitimacy of network power and its effect on user behavior patterns. The methodological character of this research allows for a broader study of social and political networks. The network context revealed some congruence issues, i.e., compatibility of rational-semantic systems. The author believes that eventually all systems can be combined into a single whole.
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Kostyunina, Olga. "Correlation of Legal Reasoning and Legal Thinking." Academic Law Journal 25, no. 2 (2024): 197–206. https://doi.org/10.17150/1819-0928.2024.25(2).197-206.
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The article proposes to scientific discourse the issue of understanding the relationship of juridical (legal) reasoning with legal thinking, identifying the place and role of reasoning in legal thinking. The complexity of the topic of knowledge does not make it possible to draw peremptory conclusions and formulate paradigm answers. At the same time, the article made an attempt to show the external and internal sides of legal thinking, the connection of the theory of argumentation with elements of the mechanism of legal thinking and its most significant functions. It is emphasized that along with the already studied aspects of legal thinking, attention should be paid to the internal-semantic connection of the theory of argumentation with legal analytics and the reflective component in the legal consciousness within the framework of thinking. It is emphasized that the information-speech model of the world inherent in the subject, associated with predicting the variability of possible solutions, has an influencing potential for the formation of legal thinking. The representation of a legally relevant situation through projection in legal thinking allows the construction of supposed situational decisions based on selected reasoning. From the perspective of problematization of the research issue, it is assumed that the system of legal argumentation has the property of emergence. Legal argumentation is not a set or combination of elements that make up it, but arising in it of such new properties that are the result of connections that strengthen the persuasive effect and the onset of one of the predicted target options for a legal solution. The author concluded that legal argumentation depends on the goals, situational context and value attitudes of the subjects involved in the settlement of legal interaction in solving a problematic legal situation. In order to understand the essential properties of legal thinking in the future, one should pay attention to the fact that the grounds of persuasiveness of legal argumentation can act as factors of the formation of trust (distrust) in the right to the field of coherence of rational, intuitive and value grounds.
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Ilmawan, Lutfi Budi, and Edi Winarko. "Aplikasi Mobile untuk Analisis Sentimen pada Google Play." IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 9, no. 1 (2015): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.6640.
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AbstrakGoogle dalam application store-nya, Google Play, saat ini telah menyediakan sekitar 1.200.000 aplikasi mobile. Dengan sejumlah aplikasi tersebut membuat pengguna memiliki banyak pilihan. Selain itu, pengembang aplikasi mengalami kesulitan dalam mencari tahu bagaimana meningkatkan kinerja aplikasinya. Dengan adanya permasalahan tersebut, maka dibutuhkan sebuah aplikasi analisis sentimen yang dapat mengolah sejumlah komentar untuk memperoleh informasi.Sistem yang dibangun memiliki tujuan untuk menentukan polaritas sentimen dari ulasan tekstual aplikasi pada Google Play yang dilakukan dari perangkat mobile. Perangkat mobile memiliki portabilitas yang tinggi dan sebagian dari perangkat tersebut memiliki resource yang terbatas. Hal tersebut diatasi dengan menggunakan arsitektur sistem berbasis client server, di mana server melakukan tugas-tugas yang berat sementara client-nya adalah perangkat mobile yang hanya mengerjakan tugas yang ringan. Dengan solusi tersebut maka Analisis sentimen dapat diaplikasikan pada mobile environment.Adapun metode klasifikasi yang digunakan adalah Naïve Bayes untuk aplikasi yang dikembangkan dan Support Vector Machine Linier sebagai pembanding. Nilai akurasi dari Naïve Bayes classifier dari aplikasi yang dibangun sebesar 83,87% lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan nilai akurasi dari SVM Linier classifier sebesar 89,49%. Adapun penggunaan semantic handling untuk mengatasi sinonim kata dapat mengurangi akurasi classifier. Kata kunci— analisis sentimen, google play, klasifikasi, naïve bayes, support vector machine AbstractGoogle's Google Play now providing approximately 1.200.000 mobile applications. With these number of applications, it makes the users have many options. In addition, application developers have difficulties in figuring out how to improve their application performance. Because of these problems, it is necessary to make a sentiment analysis applications that can process review comments to get valuable information.The purpose of this system is determining the polarity of sentiments from applications’s textual reviews on Google Play that can be performed on mobile devices. The mobile device has high portability and the majority of these devices have limited resource. That problem can be solved by using a client server based system architecture, where the server performs training and classification tasks while clients is a mobile device that perform some of sentiment analysis task. With this solution, the sentiment analysis can be applied to the mobile environment.The classification method that used are Naive Bayes for developed application and Linear Support Vector Machine that is used for comparing. Naïve Bayes classifier’s accuracy is 83.87%. The result is lower than the accuracy value of Linear SVM classifier that reach 89.49%. The use of semantic handling can reduce the accuracy of the classifier. Keywords—sentiment analysis, google play, classification, naïve bayes, support vector machine
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Andreev, Dmitrii, Asan Kashurnikov, and Aleksandr Zavyalov. "Colorectal cancer screening: foreign guidelines on fecal immunochemical test cut-off (review)." Problems in oncology 67, no. 4 (2021): 456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2021-67-4-456-462.
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Introduction. According to WHO data for 2020, colorectal cancer occupies first (highest) position (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer) in the top ranking list of the most frequent cancers in the Russian Federation. Colorectal cancer screening plays a pivotal role in early diagnosis and treatment. The best positive threshold values for hemoglobin concentration in a quantitative fecal immunochemical test (FIT) are postulated in a fraction of foreign recommendations. We reviewed the FIT cut-off values in those clinical guidelines. Materials and methods. The relevant publications were retrieved from PubMed and Google. The search horizon covered the last decade. Searches used the terms: «fecal immunochemical test» AND «screening» OR «cancer» AND «colorectal» OR «colon» OR «rectum", as well as other semantic and thematic forms. The recommendations appeared in last decade were reviewed. Results. This review summarizes the cut-off values for hemoglobin concentration in FIT, included in the clinical and laboratory guidelines developed in such regions as: Europe, Canada, USA, New Zealand. Many CRC screening programs use the FIT with a threshold setting for interpreting a positive test result. In practice, a wide range of options for threshold hemoglobin concentrations is used to interpret positive results of quantitative FIT. The FIT cut-off value is critically important to select the size of population for further examination depending on capacity of colonoscopy units. Discussion and conclusions. The foreign guidelines don’t establish single unified approach for FIT results interpretation, which would be an optimal fit for all imaginable practical situations in healthcare system. Improvement of screening techniques based on FIT would lead to the further steps on the way towards more effective and safe CRC diagnosis.
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Alexsandrova, Ekaterina Alexsandrovna, Olga I. Dmitrieva, Marina I. Kabanova, and Alexandra V. Raeva. "Self-determination in Culture as a Result of Emotional Living Through Situations of Value Choice Based on Personal Potential." Siberian Pedagogical Journal, no. 1 (March 4, 2022): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1813-4718.2301.01.
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Abstract: The relevance of the study is determined by the special significance of the process of creating conditions for high school students to make multiple choices, since modern young people cannot imagine their existence without constant situations of bifurcation. The main goal set by the authors is to develop an algorithm necessary for understanding the logic of self-determination of a high school student in culture, which can also be used as a basis for the practical activities of a teacher. Based on this algorithm (working scheme), the teacher can offer specific options for situations of choice for high school students. The article provides examples of such situations, tested in literature classes. It is shown that the process of choosing opportunities for realization of personal potential by high school students can be more effective if the teacher is able to create pedagogical conditions for such actions as individual refraction of the norms and values of society, identification and justification of the value-semantic foundations of life activity; choice of goals and means of self-realization based on personal potential, choice of ways and forms of life, responsible design and implementation of individual trajectories of personal/professional formation and development. One of the important conclusions of the article is the one that the leading way of self-determination of a student in culture is a play activity (real or imaginary), age-appropriate and fixed in the mind as a cultural norm. This justifies the need to use such a method of pedagogical support as adaption for the stage (from expressive reading of a literary text to a school theater performance). It is shown that a high school student’s living through events by the medium of a literary work is often a preventive measure in relation to possible undesirable situations in the future, contributes to the self-determination of a person in culture, which is relatively permanent and proceeds throughout almost a person’s entire life.
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El Zein, Aseel, Melissa J. Vilaro, Karla P. Shelnutt, Kim Walsh-Childers, and Anne E. Mathews. "Obstacles to university food pantry use and student-suggested solutions: A qualitative study." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (2022): e0267341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267341.
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Background In the absence of federal programs and policies to alleviate college student food insecurity, the number of food pantries has grown rapidly in the United States. Yet, no studies, to date, have qualitatively examined students’ experiences with this resource. Objective To explore college students’ perspectives on barriers to using an on-campus food pantry and provide insights into student-suggested solutions. Methods In this qualitative study, 41 college students were recruited from a large public university in the southeastern US with a campus food pantry. Students participated in one-on-one, in-person, semi-structured interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, managed using NVivo 12, and analyzed using inductive, semantic thematic analysis. Results Most students were classified as food insecure (n = 33, 82.5%), and two-thirds identified as pantry users (at least once). The students’ reasons for not using the food pantry indicated resistance and access barriers. Students either ‘chose not to use’ the campus food pantry due to (i) stigma and shame, (ii) perceived insufficient need, (iii) and unsuitable food or they experienced ‘barriers’ due to (i) lack of knowledge and (ii) limited food access. The main reason reported by food insecure non-pantry users was feelings of stigma and shame while that of food insecure pantry users was limited food access. Students suggested three solutions to minimize barriers experienced when utilizing the campus food pantry. These included (i) spreading awareness about the pantry through positive marketing messages that de-stigmatize use, (ii) improving accessibility of fresh produce and protein options, and (iii) improving access through satellite locations and online ordering systems. Conclusion These barriers need to be systematically addressed to normalize food pantry use. Consideration of student recommendations by university program developers and policymakers may be of added value to expand access to food by college students with food insecurity.
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Drobakha, Hr, I. Neklonskyi, A. Kateshchenok, et al. "Structural and functional simulation of interaction in the field of aviation safety by using matrices." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 2, no. 95 (2019): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.1734.
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Purpose: The conducted research was aimed at constructing a structural and functional model for the interaction of bodies providing aviation safety during crisis management. Design/methodology/approach: The methods of mathematical simulation and the graph theory, the methods comparison and formalization have been applied to study the process of interaction between the bodies assuring aviation safety. Using methods of the linear algebra allowed constructing a mathematical model for the functional structure of the interaction process that contains description of this process by the main methods of interaction. Findings: It has been proved that the interaction process has a certain functional properties that reflect the functional relations between the modes of violator actions, the modes of using the response forces and the modes of interaction. A structural and functional model of interaction in semantic, algebraic forms and in the form of graphs has been created. using typical operations with incidence matrices, the possibility of obtaining the physical interpretation of the simulation results within the introduced algebra of functional structure models has been justified. Research limitations/implications: Discusses interactions between the bodies that assure aviation safety and at the same time, the possibility of a crisis situation is taken into account. Practical implications: The developed models allow reflecting the current state of the functional system and the elements of the process of interaction rather completely. It makes a structural and functional analysis of interaction possible and allows defining the priority directions of its organization, simulating the options and methods of interaction in solving relevant tasks by the bodies that assure aviation safety. Originality/value: That allowed not only describing the formal relations between the methods of interaction and interacting units, between the interacting units and the modes of violator actions, but also considering the influence of the interaction process on the current state of the functional system.
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Chaminuka, Arthur S., Gayle Prybutok, Victor R. Prybutok, and William D. Senn. "Systematic Review: HIV, Aging, and Housing—A North American Perspective, 2012–2023." Healthcare 12, no. 10 (2024): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12100992.
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Advances in anti-retroviral therapy (ART) have decreased mortality rates and subsequently led to a rise in the number of HIV-positive people living longer. The housing experiences of this new population of interest—older adults (50 years and older) living with HIV—are under-researched. Understanding the housing experiences and unmet needs of older people with HIV can better provide comprehensive care services for them. This study’s systematic review evaluated the peer-reviewed literature reporting housing access/insecurity/assistance/options, housing impact, and unmet needs of older individuals living with HIV in North America from 2012 to 2023. Furthermore, Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), a text-mining technique, and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) for text clustering were utilized to examine unstructured data from the abstracts selected from the review. The goal was to allow for a better understanding of the relationships between terms in the articles and the identification of emerging public health key themes affecting older adults living with HIV. The results of text clustering yielded two clusters focusing on (1) improvements to housing and healthcare services access and policies and (2) unmet needs—social support, mental health, finance, food, and sexuality insecurities. Topic modeling demonstrated four topics, which we themed to represent (1) a holistic care approach; (2) insecurities—food, financial, sexuality, and other basic needs; (3) access to housing and treatment/care; and (4) homelessness and HIV-related health outcomes. Stable housing, food, and healthcare services access and availability are critical elements to incorporating comprehensive, holistic healthcare for older adults living with HIV. The aging population requires high-priority policies for accessible and equitable healthcare. Clinicians and policymakers should address individual barriers, adopt a patient-centered approach, increase doctor visits, provide competency training, ensure long-term follow-up, involve families, and improve patient education in care management, contributing to HIV/AIDS geriatric care models.
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Minchenko, Andrey. "Cultural gap: to the problem of defining the phenomenon and its main features." Socium i vlast 1 (2023): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1996-0522-2023-1-100-108.
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Introduction. The article analyzes one of the qualitative states of culture, called the cultural gap, which is a phenomenon of ambivalent properties, on the one hand, generating most of the destruc- tive conflicts in the history of mankind, and on the other hand, in constructive overcoming of contra- dictions, prompting creative transformations. The purpose of the study is to give a definition of a cultural gap with the allocation of significant distinctive features found when analyzing any empirically fixed manifestations of it, for subse- quent understanding at the ultimate general level of reflection. Methods. Philosophical-anthropological, systemic, axiological, historical-philosophical and dialectical approaches are used as the methodological basis of the research, making it possible to consider the phenomenon of cultural gap in various aspects. Scientific novelty of the research. An analysis of the main directions of scientific discourse in the subject area under consideration makes it possible for us to conclude that the phenomenon of a cul- tural gap is studied within the framework of social and humanitarian knowledge, but mainly in relation to the analysis of conflict situations and turning points in history. The phrase “cultural gap” itself is beginning to be introduced into scientific circula- tion, however, often outside the established con- ceptual apparatus, in a narrow context and without meaningful disclosure, which makes it scientifically necessary to address the emerging subject field of studying the phenomenon and determining the meaning of the corresponding term. Results. As a result of the study, the author identifies significant signs of the phenomenon of a cultural gap, consisting in the loss of the integrity of certain areas of culture due to the heterogene- ous development of its parts, a critically significant interruption at the level of structure and content of the universals of culture in the deep value and semantic relationships provided by it, supporting mutual understanding and conflict-free coexistence of people. As no less significant signs, one can also designate the polarization and absolutization of cultural contradictions that result in antagonistic relations between representatives of sociocultural communities, separated by the interruption of these relationships Conclusions. The definition of a cultural gap, formed on the basis of existing options for inter- preting and comprehending this phenomenon, its essential and contextual features, is due to the ontological and semantic ambiguity of some of its aspects, due to which it goes beyond a strict defini- tion and is partly projective in nature, containing significant research potential. The realization of this potential through the functional capabilities of philosophical anthropology and philosophy of culture will make it possible to determine the main approaches to identifying, preventing and overcom- ing cultural gaps, including the formation of new worldview meanings and values that can ensure harmonious coexistence between people of differ- ent cultures in modern conditions.
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Костюкова, Татьяна Анатольевна, Татьяна Дмитриевна Шапошникова, and Дмитрий Анатольевич Казанцев. "PREPARATION OF TEACHERS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUBJECT AREA “FOUNDATIONS OF SPIRITUAL AND MORAL CULTURE OF THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA”: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS." Pedagogical Review, no. 6(40) (December 8, 2021): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6127-2021-6-53-63.
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Рассмотрены проблемы подготовки учителя к преподаванию предмета «Основы религиозных культур и светской этики»: выделение ценностных основ, управление подготовкой педагогов на региональном и местном уровнях, осмысление эффективных вариантов решения острых вопросов в его реализации. Выявлена ключевая проблема неготовности педагогов к эффективной деятельности в данной области, связанная с недостаточностью научного осмысления традиционных российских духовных ценностей, лежащих в ядре культуры каждого народа, для освоения которых необходимо теологическое знание, не изучаемое в процессе базовой профессиональной подготовки. Сделаны выводы о том, что эту функцию сегодня принимает система повышения квалификации. Установлено, что под теологическим знанием понимается результат процесса познания и личностного осмысления религиозной традиции и его аутентичное отражение в сознании педагога на культурологической основе в виде понятий и ценностно-смысловых жизненных ориентиров. The purpose of the study is to consider the problems of teacher preparation for teaching the subject “Fundamentals of Religious Cultures and Secular Ethics”: highlighting the value foundations, managing teacher training at the regional and local levels, comprehending effective options for solving acute issues in its implementation. The key problem of the teachers’ unpreparedness for effective activity in this area is revealed, connected with the lack of scientific understanding of traditional Russian spiritual values that lie at the core of the culture of each nation, for the development of which theological knowledge is necessary that is not studied in the process of basic professional training. Conclusions are made that this function is now accepted by the system of advanced training. It has been established that theological knowledge is understood as the result of the process of cognition and personal understanding of the religious tradition and its authentic reflection in the mind of the teacher on a cultural basis in the form of concepts and value-semantic life guidelines. An analysis of scientific sources and practice of spiritual and moral education of the younger generations gives grounds to assert that in modern Russian society, the cultural role of traditional Russian spiritual values is beginning to be more deeply understood, by which we mean the primordial, chosen by distant ancestors, axiological guidelines – peacefulness, sympathy, acceptance of the other, empathy and others that form the spiritual world of a growing person through an appeal to the deep foundations of the national mentality, which have passed a long way of approbation from generation to generation. However, when conducting advanced training courses for teachers in this area, one should choose an extremely correct position, focusing on cultural meanings, and not on religious dogma.
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Moseiko, Aida. "Cultural Codes of Society: Scientific and Practical Significance in Modern African Studies." Uchenie zapiski Instituta Afriki RAN, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2021-57-4-5-18.
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The article is devoted to the topic of searching for cultural codes. It presents the author’s approach to understanding the place and role of the problem of cultural codes in modern studies of Africa. The article presents an overview of the main options for understanding and defining cultural codes from the standpoint of both theoretical-rational and empirical-intuitive approaches. The relevance of the topic of cultural codes is considered in two aspects: from the point of view of contribution to the scientific development of the problems of cultural codes as an interdisciplinary problem and from the point of view of solving the practical task of increasing the effectiveness of the system of Russian-African relations based on mutual understanding and mutual respect of partners. The problems of cultural codes are considered in the context of the global transformations of the 20th to 21st centuries with their great and tragic events that changed the essence and configuration of the regions of the world. Two world wars, the October Revolution, the collapse of the colonial system, the collapse of empires, the destruction of the USSR, the globalization of the world, the whole spectrum of postcolonial events raised the question of understanding countries and regions of each other around the world. As conclusions, the article defines the basic principles of studying African realities in the problem area of cultural codes: 1. Cultural codes of various cultures are value-semantic complexes formed on the basis of social experience and the information received in it. 2. Social experience is characterized by a number of parameters: geographical; geopolitical – defining relations with the outside world and the formation of historical memory, which in Africa is based on a generalized concept of the West, the image of the slave trade, colonization, racism, apartheid; and cultural and historical parameter. 3. Cultural codes form a semantic picture of the world, characteristic of each culture, on the basis of which people evaluate events and make choices that determine their activities and relationships. 4. Cultural codes evolve and change depending on social experience. 5. Cultural codes of different cultures interact in the forms of mutual influence or unilateral aggressive influence. Africa is characterized by the aggressive influence of Western culture, which has led to the emergence of border codes, the essence of which is the forced combination of traditional African codes with alien Western components. Hermeneutics, understood as the interpretation of the meanings of cultural texts, is considered as a research method. Two possible scenarios for the development of the border situation are considered: negative and positive. The negative scenario assumes the onset of acute social cataclysms, up to social chaos and the destruction of basic values. A positive scenario involves the renewal of society and the growth of its creative potential. It is necessary to predict the vector of development of the situation according to one of the above scenarios. The author believes that the deformation of African cultural codes and the “hacking” of Russia’s cultural codes of the late twentieth – early twenty-first century can become one of the points of contact that can consolidate Russian and African partners in the realization of the national interests of both sides.
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Korniev, A., and Zhe Zhang. "The world of things in traditional Chinese painting." Culture of Ukraine, no. 78 (December 23, 2022): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31516/2410-5325.078.15.
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The relevance of the article. The formation of genre and the principles of genre classification in the art of East Asian countries is one of the least researched problems in the theory and history of art. It is generally accepted that still life appeared in the art of China as a result of the influence of the Euro-pean artistic system. Meanwhile, motifs related to the depiction of elements of the subject environment can be traced in other genres of Chinese painting. In modern artistic practice, still life is considered mainly as an element of academic education, but its creative potential remains little realized. Therefore, the relevance of the research is determined by the needs of both theory and artistic practice.
 The purpose of the article is to determine the main approaches to the depiction of things, their typological complexes, their role and significance in Chinese classical art.
 The methodology. In the research we used general scientific and special research methods. In particular, methods of systematization, content analysis and typology were applied; methods of formal, stylistic, semantic, comparative analysis.
 The results. The article outlines the main approaches to studying the origins of still life as a genre in the Chinese artistic tradition. As a result of the analysis of samples of easel and decorative painting, the main models of the representation of things were revealed, their typology, role and means of representation in the visual and content structure of the works were determined. The semantic aspects of pictorial motifs and their connections with the development of handicrafts, Confucian education, tastes and values of the privileged top of society and the development of collecting, are highlighted.
 The scientific novelty. For the first time, in the work we touched upon the issue of the formation of still life as a genre and its origins in Chinese painting, highlighted the previous artistic experience of depicting objects of the material environment, defined the main thematic complexes, established their role and significance in classical works.
 The practical significance. The results of the research can be used in the development of educational courses in the history of art and provide the necessary material both for creative experiments and for the development of various projects in the field of visual arts.
 Conclusions. The results of the analysis of various materials of fine art allow us to claim that in Chinese classical art, other, different from European, options for the representation of the world of things were formed. Typologically, they are represented by three models: a “portrait” of a thing (a close-up of one object with a careful depicting of form and decoration), a thing as a component of a portrait, a catalogue of things (a decorative composition on the theme “4 treasures of a scientist”, “4 noble arts”, “100 antiquities”). In all models, the depicted objects act as personifications of material and spiritual values of society, a sign of Confucian virtues, and as benevolent symbols. The “100 antiquities” complex, which was formed by XVIII century, combined previous lists of valuable things and became a reflection of craft achievements, educational tradition and awareness of its value, and the development of collecting.
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Mammadova, Natavan. "INTERACTIVE TEACHING METHODS IN A UNIVERSITY CLASSROOM." Knowledge International Journal 31, no. 2 (2019): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij3102383m.
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When I enter the classroom, I understand that I am no longer a source of knowledge for my students. That is, the role of the teacher, which I myself saw as a student, no longer exists. Perhaps this is logical. Why ask a single teacher if you can ask Google and Google ask everyone else. This is where the problem begins: Google provides hundreds of dissimilar options and 1000 similar answers for a single problem. How to analyze information correctly? Which data is relevant? Which sources should be trusted and which should not be considered? The teacher can help with these questions. The teacher in the student audience today is probably not a source of knowledge, but a guide. Interactive teaching methods are road signs on the way to knowledge and skills to apply it. With the help of interactive teaching methods, students, together with the teacher, explore a specific thematic problem, make presentations of their findings, learn to work both individually and in a group. Finally students acquire independent research skills. Interactive teaching methods include: Presentation, Cubism, Zigzag (mosaic), Brainstorming, Brainwriting, KWL Rolestorming, Aquarium, Auction, Carousel, Clustering, Case-study, Venn diagram, Design, Discussion, Debate, Decision Tree, Role-playing Games, Simulation, Survey, Verbal associations, Insert, Socrates dialogue, Synectics - the method of analogy, Staging, Cinquain, Round table, Conceptual table, Semantic feature analysis, Jigsaw, Think-Pair-Share, Three-step interview, Circle the Sage, Three-minute review, Numbered heads together, Team-Pair-Solo, Six Thinking Hats, Kanban, Scamper, 5 Whys, The Three Chairs Secret and many others. Some of them, the most frequently used by me, I consider in this article.My choice of these teaching methods is partly due to the fact that at Baku Business University, special trainings were conducted for the entire teaching staff on how to master these interactive teaching methods. Universities as an organization understand that the walls of the alma mater are no longer a source of static knowledge; they understand that knowledge itself undergoes changes and updates every day. They understand that today Life-long Learning is becoming more and more relevant. Life-long Learning as a modern approach reduces the value of formal learning. It is no longer necessary to spend many years at university, when you can start a professional career after the first stage of education and at the same time improve your education, which will be of an applied nature. Why do we say yes to interactive methods? Within the interactive training, qualities such as student autonomy, decision-making responsibility are shaped. Cognitive, creative, communicative, personal activity of students are developed.
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Нгуен, Тхи Тхуй Кунь, and Надежда Вадимовна Крицкая. "SONG LYRICS IN ANIMATION FILMS AND FEATURES OF THEIR TRANSLATION." Tomsk state pedagogical university bulletin, no. 1(219) (January 25, 2022): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/1609-624x-2022-1-114-122.
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Введение. Важную роль в анимационных фильмах выполняет музыкально-песенный аспект, выполняющий особую функцию и требующий специального подхода к иноязычному воспроизведению.Актуальность исследования обусловлена вниманием современного переводоведения к поиску эффективных способов перевода песен и улучшению качества такого перевода в связи с возрастающей ролью анимационных фильмов в качестве посредников межкультурного обмена.Цель – на основе рассмотрения основных функциональных, лингвистических и структурных аспектов песенных текстов выявить основные способы их перевода и проанализировать их применимость к переводу песен анимационных фильмов.Материал и методы. Материалами исследования послужили источники по проблемам перевода песенных и аудиовизуальных текстов, а также песенные тексты анимационного фильма «Mulan» (Walt Disney, 1998). В качестве методов использовались общенаучные методы анализа, синтеза и обобщения, а также частнонаучный метод описания.Результаты и обсуждение. Принадлежность песен к текстам художественного стиля определяет их лексико-семантическое и синтаксическое наполнение, ритмическую и структурную организацию, в совокупности обеспечивающие их эстетическую ценность. В анимационном фильме структура и смысловая интерпретация песенного текста могут варьироваться, поскольку специфика жанра связана с зависимостью песни от сюжета и образов персонажей. Как формальная организация, так и содержательное наполнение песенного текста представляют собой равную важность для его полноценного иноязычного воспроизведения.Из разновидностей аудиовизуального перевода для перевода песен в анимационных фильмах применимы субтитрование и дубляж с преимуществом последнего в случае единственного перевода. При анализе применимости к дубляжу песен методов П. Лоу и Й. Франзона выявлено, что оптимальным вариантом для анимационных фильмов является адаптация текста, с наименьшими потерями позволяющая сохранить оба основных компонента песни – смысл и мелодию, с учетом специфики анимационного кино и ограничений перевода песен, а также аудиовизуального перевода.Заключение. Лексико-семантические, синтаксические, стилистические и структурные особенности песенного текста накладывают ряд ограничений на его перевод. В случае песен в анимационных фильмах эти ограничения дополнительно лимитированы их фактом принадлежности к аудиовизуальным продуктам, связывающим переводчика с необходимостью синхронизации исполнения с экранным изображением. Несмотря на существование ряда опций, наиболее щадящим вариантом иноязычного воспроизведения таких песен является адаптация текста на переводящем языке к оригинальной мелодии. Introduction. Relevance of the research is determined by the interest of modern translation science in search of effective ways of songs rendition, as animation films are getting the significant role as participants of modern crosscultural communication.Aim and objectives. The present paper attempts to discuss main functional, linguistic and structural aspects of song lyrics and analyze methods of their translation, as well as study applicability of these methods to song rendition in animation films.Materials and methods. The research is based on theoretical materials on audiovisual- and song translation, the exemplary texts taken from animation film “Mulan” (Walt Disney, 1998).Results and discussion Belonging to belles-lettres functional style, songs share with poetic texts their lexicosemantic and syntactic features, as well as rythmic and structural organization, which adds to their esthetic value. The specificity of songs in animation films is determined by their dependence on the plot and characters, both the form and the semantics of lyrics being equally important for their full-size foreign understanding. Subtitling and dubbing are the two methods of audiovisual translation, which fit the requirements of song rendition, with the latter as more preferable. Analyzing methods of modern song rendition and their applicability to the translation of songs in animation films, while having in mind certain limitations of both song- and audiovisual translation, we found out that the optimal option probably would be text adaptation, allowing to preserve the semantics and the melody as the two inseparable sides of the song unity.Conclusion. Lexico-semantic, syntactic, stylistic and structural peculiarities of song texts determine the features of their translation. From the whole list of translation options, the gentler one would be adaptation of the text to the original melody.
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Simonova, I. A., O. V. Kruzhkova, and I. V. Vorobyeva. "Propensity for social surfing among the Russian youth: Regional specificity." Education and science journal 23, no. 5 (2021): 131–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17853/1994-5639-2021-5-131-163.
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Introduction. The phenomenon of social surfing, as a specific mobility strategy, largely determines the life of Y and Z generations, and creates an ambiguous context in terms of threats and opportunities for the formation of life trajectories of Russian youth. This actualised the search for theoretical and methodological foundations of understanding and practical tools for assessing the state of this problem, which, in turn, made it possible to scale this phenomenon in the context of the modern youth environment in Russia.The aim of the present research was to identify the degree of loyalty and potential tendency to use the “social surfing” strategy by the representatives of young people in Russian regions, taking into account the assessment of the approval of gender models of this behaviour strategy.Research methodology, methods and techniques. The methodological framework for describing the phenomenon of social surfing is based on the social topology of M. Castells, the het-erological concept of the rhizome by J. Deleuze and F. Guattari, the philosophy of mobility by J. Urry, Z. Bauman, U. Beck, the theory of transitivity (E. M. Dubovskaya, T. D. Martsinkovskaya, E. A. Kiselev), the studies of the specifics of youth identity and self-realisation in social space (M. C. Schippers, N. Ziegler, M. Loreto Martmez, P. Cumsille, A. K. Vikulov, T. V. Plotnikova and others) and the modern concepts of happiness (M. Argyll, D. A. Leontiev, A. L. Zhuravlev and others) The study was conducted in different regions of Russia (Novosibirsk, Ekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Kazan, Ulyanovsk, Glazov) using psychodiagnostic methodology “Propensity to social surfing of young people” developed by the authors. The study involved young people (N = 510 people aged 18-27 years old, among them female - 68 %, male - 32 %).Results and scientific novelty. It was found that 11.2 % of young men and women approve of social surfing, evaluate its behavioural model as positive and allow similar options for choosing their own life trajectory. Comparative analysis revealed significant differences in loyalty to the social surfing strategy among young people living in different regions of the Russian Federation: the greatest loyalty was manifested by the young residents of Ekaterinburg, Glazov, and Kazan, while the residents of Chelyabinsk predominantly demonstrated a negative attitude to this strategy. The respondents showed an unequal attitude towards male and female social surfing models: with a relatively condescending attitude towards the male model, social surfing of women is frowned upon and is associated with weakness and statement. Meanwhile, the approval of the male model of social surfing creates certain risks of marginalisation and value-semantic anomie among young people.The practical significance of the conducted research is due to the potential possibilities of using the data obtained for choosing approaches to work with young people in the conditions of their high mobility, as well as for creating educational and professional trajectories.
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Крюкова, Лариса Борисовна, and Анастасия Андреевна Белоусова. "INTERPRETING MARINA TSVETAEVA’S POETIC TEXTS IN RFL LESSONS: PERCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Tomsk state pedagogical university bulletin, no. 1(213) (January 11, 2021): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/1609-624x-2021-1-114-121.
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Введение. Использование поэтических текстов в качестве дидактического материала является эффективным приемом обучения русскому языку как иностранному. Цель – описание методических и лингвистических аспектов интерпретации перцептивной семантики в поэтических произведениях М. И. Цветаевой. Анализ литературных произведений в перцептивном аспекте позволяет облегчить понимание их идейного содержания и обеспечивает возможность изучения и применения единиц со значением восприятия в коммуникативной практике. Материал и методы. В качестве материала выбраны стихотворные произведения М. И. Цветаевой с актуализированной семантикой перцепции (проанализировано 270 стихотворений, 547 контекстов). Основные методы исследования: лингвостилистический анализ текста, концептуальный и семантический анализ ключевых слов, лингвокультурологический комментарий. Результаты и обсуждение. При отборе стихотворений для занятий в иноязычной аудитории необходимо учитывать познавательный интерес учащихся, принцип доступности и принцип методической ценности изучаемых произведений. В процессе интерпретации текста и анализа перцептивных образов иностранные студенты сталкиваются с лексическими, грамматическими, стилистическими и лингвокультурологическими трудностями, успешное преодоление которых способствует эффективному восприятию идейного содержания и эмоциональной тональности стихотворений. Названия отдельных произведений задают «перцептивную доминанту», которая получает содержательное воплощение в процессе дальнейшего смыслового развертывания текста. Задания, целью которых является анализ перцептивных образов и лингвопоэтический разбор стихотворений, необходимо формулировать в соответствии с основными этапами учебного занятия. Актуализация умений и навыков предполагает использование индивидуального перцептивного опыта и имеющейся у обучающихся информации о художественных текстах. Предтекстовая работа направлена на то, чтобы заинтересовать читателя и побудить его к творческой активности (задания на языковую догадку и сопоставление). Притекстовая работа предусматривает анализ средств выражения перцептивных образов на лексическом, грамматическом и стилистическом уровнях произведения. В фокусе внимания находятся ключевые слова с перцептивной семантикой. Послетекстовая работа – задания обобщающего характера и интерпретационная деятельность обучающихся. Заключение. Лингвостилистический анализ стихотворений М. И. Цветаевой в перцептивном аспекте позволяет иностранным студентам, применяя свой лингвистический и сенсорный опыт, представить один из вариантов интерпретации поэтического текста. Обучающиеся имеют возможность увидеть, какую функцию выполняют перцептивные единицы, как происходит реализация прямых и переносных значений ключевых слов и как авторский замысел репрезентируется на всех уровнях художественного произведения. Introduction. The use of poetic texts as didactic materials is an effective method of teaching Russian as a foreign language. This study aims to describe the methodological and linguistic aspects of interpreting perceptual semantics in poetic works by Marina Tsvetaeva. The interpretation of literary works in perceptual terms facilitates understanding these works’ messages and provides an opportunity for studying and applying units with the meaning of perception in communicative practice. Material and methods. The material for the study was poems by Marina Tsvetaeva with a pronounced semantics of perception (270 poems, 547 contexts). The main research methods were the linguo-stylistic analysis of the texts, the conceptual and semantic analysis of the keywords, and a linguocultural commentary. Results and discussion. When selecting poems for lessons in a foreign-language audience, it is essential to take into account the students’ cognitive interest, the principle of accessibility, and the principle of the methodological value of the poems for studying. When interpreting texts and analyzing perceptual images, foreign students encounter lexical, grammatical, stylistic, and linguocultorological difficulties. By successfully overcoming the difficulties, students perceive the messages and the emotional tonalities of the poems. The titles of certain poems set “perceptual dominants” conceptually expressed in the further semantic development of the text (“V Sumerkakh” [At Dusk], “Luch Serebristyy” [Ray of Silver], “Nochnye Shepota: Shelka . . .” [Night Whispers: Silk . . .], etc.). Tasks on the analysis of perceptual images and the linguo-poetic analysis of poems must be formulated in accordance with the main stages of the lesson. The actualization of skills and abilities involves the use of individual perceptual experience and information available to students about literary texts. Pre-reading tasks aim to capture the readers’ interest and encourage them to be creative (conceptual guess and comparison). Reading tasks aim to analyze the means of expressing perceptual images at the lexical, grammatical, and stylistic levels of the poem. The focus is on keywords with perceptual semantics. Post-reading tasks aim to generalize and interpret the material. Conclusion. The linguo-stylistic analysis of poems by Marina Tsvetaeva in terms of perception allows foreign students to present one of the options for interpreting the texts using their linguistic and sensory experience. The students understand the functions perceptual units perform, observe the implementation of direct and figurative meanings of keywords, and see how the author expresses her intention at all the levels of the texts.
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Othman, Roslina, and Ashraf Ali Salahuddin. "Relevance status value model of Index Islamicus on Islamic History and Civilizations." International Journal of Web Information Systems 11, no. 1 (2015): 54–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-06-2014-0024.
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Purpose – The purposes of this study were to measure the relevance status of Index Islamicus, evaluate the semantic correlation between a query and documents and inquire the basis of its rank. Sorting the retrieved results from the most relevant to the least relevant is the common option of an information retrieval system. This sorting mechanism or relevance judgment is computed by measuring closeness of query with its documents. Design/methodology/approach – Forming up 100 queries on Islamic History and Civilizations, with two indexing elements (keyword and concept), a laboratory experiment was generated on its first ten items of the rank. Throughout an experimental research design, the relevance status value formula was used to measure system-computed rank and compare it with mean average precision. Findings – The results showed that the average status value of Index Islamicus’s ranking on relevance criterion was 18 per cent effective in terms of retrieving precise documents. Despite the main focus of this study being only on one subject domain and the items calculated were only 1,000, this small percentage of its ranking mechanism proved that semantic correlations between queries with subject domain did not achieve the satisfactory level. Research limitations/implications – Implication of this study could be a guideline for further research on ranking mechanism of other search engines because the limitation of this study was Index Islamicus being the only database, which was the focus of this study. Practical implications – Throughout this study, Index Islamicus would be benefited knowing the status of its ranking mechanism as well as other databases can make further research on their own ranking method following this study. Social implications – Researchers and vendors of online databases can ensure their users a true platform of search engine with a proper ranking list. Originality/value – Relevance status value model for Index Islamicus on Islamic History and Civilization that allows the system to rank documents according to the match between document and query and gives the idea of a better index. The model improves the system’s ranking mechanism, and promotes the use of semantic relationships. This research promotes the computation of relevance status value by domain for capturing subject-specific relevance criteria and semantic relationships.
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Chen, Jie, Wenbo Li, Pengshuai Hou, Zipeng Yang, and Haoyu Zhao. "An Appearance-Semantic Descriptor with Coarse-to-Fine Matching for Robust VPR." Sensors 24, no. 7 (2024): 2203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24072203.
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In recent years, semantic segmentation has made significant progress in visual place recognition (VPR) by using semantic information that is relatively invariant to appearance and viewpoint, demonstrating great potential. However, in some extreme scenarios, there may be semantic occlusion and semantic sparsity, which can lead to confusion when relying solely on semantic information for localization. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel VPR framework that employs a coarse-to-fine image matching strategy, combining semantic and appearance information to improve algorithm performance. First, we construct SemLook global descriptors using semantic contours, which can preliminarily screen images to enhance the accuracy and real-time performance of the algorithm. Based on this, we introduce SemLook local descriptors for fine screening, combining robust appearance information extracted by deep learning with semantic information. These local descriptors can address issues such as semantic overlap and sparsity in urban environments, further improving the accuracy of the algorithm. Through this refined screening process, we can effectively handle the challenges of complex image matching in urban environments and obtain more accurate results. The performance of SemLook descriptors is evaluated on three public datasets (Extended-CMU Season, Robot-Car Seasons v2, and SYNTHIA) and compared with six state-of-the-art VPR algorithms (HOG, CoHOG, AlexNet_VPR, Region VLAD, Patch-NetVLAD, Forest). In the experimental comparison, considering both real-time performance and evaluation metrics, the SemLook descriptors are found to outperform the other six algorithms. Evaluation metrics include the area under the curve (AUC) based on the precision–recall curve, Recall@100%Precision, and Precision@100%Recall. On the Extended-CMU Season dataset, SemLook descriptors achieve a 100% AUC value, and on the SYNTHIA dataset, they achieve a 99% AUC value, demonstrating outstanding performance. The experimental results indicate that introducing global descriptors for initial screening and utilizing local descriptors combining both semantic and appearance information for precise matching can effectively address the issue of location recognition in scenarios with semantic ambiguity or sparsity. This algorithm enhances descriptor performance, making it more accurate and robust in scenes with variations in appearance and viewpoint.
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Lou, Lu, Yitian Li, Qi Zhang, and Hanbing Wei. "SLAM and 3D Semantic Reconstruction Based on the Fusion of Lidar and Monocular Vision." Sensors 23, no. 3 (2023): 1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031502.
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Monocular camera and Lidar are the two most commonly used sensors in unmanned vehicles. Combining the advantages of the two is the current research focus of SLAM and semantic analysis. In this paper, we propose an improved SLAM and semantic reconstruction method based on the fusion of Lidar and monocular vision. We fuse the semantic image with the low-resolution 3D Lidar point clouds and generate dense semantic depth maps. Through visual odometry, ORB feature points with depth information are selected to improve positioning accuracy. Our method uses parallel threads to aggregate 3D semantic point clouds while positioning the unmanned vehicle. Experiments are conducted on the public CityScapes and KITTI Visual Odometry datasets, and the results show that compared with the ORB-SLAM2 and DynaSLAM, our positioning error is approximately reduced by 87%; compared with the DEMO and DVL-SLAM, our positioning accuracy improves in most sequences. Our 3D reconstruction quality is better than DynSLAM and contains semantic information. The proposed method has engineering application value in the unmanned vehicles field.
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Kimita, Koji, Keiichi Muramatsu, and Yutaro Nemoto. "Ontological Descriptions for Integrating Design Information of Product-Service Systems." International Journal of Automation Technology 14, no. 5 (2020): 690–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2020.p0690.
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Product-service systems (PSS), which create value by integrating physical products and services, have received much attention as a promising option to increase manufacturers’ revenue and reduce environmental impact. The process of designing a PSS requires collaboration among various experts who use domain-specific knowledge. Therefore, several researches have been investigated for developing design tools tailored to their expertise. However, while the specialization of design tools can be useful for experts, it hinders companies from ensuring the integrity of design information in different design elements. This results in the failure in achieving expected benefits. To address these issues, this study applies the concept of interoperability to PSS design to integrate design information from different domains. In particular, ontological descriptions is adopted to achieve semantic interoperability in different design elements. The application of the proposed ontology to a lecture on PSS design highlights that the proposed method is effective for integrating information on PSS design elements and those between value creation and capture.
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Kot, Estera, Tomasz Les, Zuzanna Krawczyk-Borysiak, Andrey Vykhodtsev, and Krzysztof Siwek. "Semantic Segmentation of the Prostate Based on Onefold and Joint Multimodal Medical Images Using YOLOv4 and U-Net." Applied Sciences 14, no. 21 (2024): 9814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14219814.
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging is increasing in importance in prostate cancer diagnosis due to the high accuracy and quality of the examination procedure. However, this process requires a time-consuming analysis of the results. Currently, machine vision is widely used in many areas. It enables automation and support in radiological studies. Successful detection of primary prostate tumors depends on the effective segmentation of the prostate itself. At times, a CT scan may be performed; alternatively, MRI may be the selected option. The data always reach a bottleneck stage. This paper presents the effective training of deep learning models to segment the prostate based on onefold and multimodal medical images. This approach supports the computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for radiologists as the first step in cancer exams. A comparison of two approaches designed for prostate segmentation is described. The first combines YOLOv4, the object detection neural network, and U-Net for a semantic segmentation based on onefold modality MRI images. The second presents the same method trained on multimodal images—a CT and MRI mixed dataset. The learning process was carried out in a cloud environment using GPU cards. The experiments are based on data from 120 patients who have undergone MRI and CT examinations. Several metrics evaluated the trained models. In the prostate semantic segmentation process, better results were achieved by mixed MRI with CT datasets. The best model achieved the value of 0.9685 for the Sørensen–Dice coefficient for the threshold value of 0.6.
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Hamaz, Kamal, and Fouzia Benchikha. "A novel method for providing relational databases with rich semantics and natural language processing." Journal of Enterprise Information Management 30, no. 3 (2017): 503–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jeim-01-2015-0005.
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Purpose With the development of systems and applications, the number of users interacting with databases has increased considerably. The relational database model is still considered as the most used model for data storage and manipulation. However, it does not offer any semantic support for the stored data which can facilitate data access for the users. Indeed, a large number of users are intimidated when retrieving data because they are non-technical or have little technical knowledge. To overcome this problem, researchers are continuously developing new techniques for Natural Language Interfaces to Databases (NLIDB). Nowadays, the usage of existing NLIDBs is not widespread due to their deficiencies in understanding natural language (NL) queries. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to propose a novel method for an intelligent understanding of NL queries using semantically enriched database sources. Design/methodology/approach First a reverse engineering process is applied to extract relational database hidden semantics. In the second step, the extracted semantics are enriched further using a domain ontology. After this, all semantics are stored in the same relational database. The phase of processing NL queries uses the stored semantics to generate a semantic tree. Findings The evaluation part of the work shows the advantages of using a semantically enriched database source to understand NL queries. Additionally, enriching a relational database has given more flexibility to understand contextual and synonymous words that may be used in a NL query. Originality/value Existing NLIDBs are not yet a standard option for interfacing a relational database due to their lack for understanding NL queries. Indeed, the techniques used in the literature have their limits. This paper handles those limits by identifying the NL elements by their semantic nature in order to generate a semantic tree. This last is a key solution towards an intelligent understanding of NL queries to relational databases.
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Deng, Hanbing, Tongyu Xu, Yuncheng Zhou, and Teng Miao. "Depth Density Achieves a Better Result for Semantic Segmentation with the Kinect System." Sensors 20, no. 3 (2020): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20030812.
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Image segmentation is one of the most important methods for animal phenome research. Since the advent of deep learning, many researchers have looked at multilayer convolutional neural networks to solve the problems of image segmentation. A network simplifies the task of image segmentation with automatic feature extraction. Many networks struggle to output accurate details when dealing with pixel-level segmentation. In this paper, we propose a new concept: Depth density. Based on a depth image, produced by a Kinect system, we design a new function to calculate the depth density value of each pixel and bring this value back to the result of semantic segmentation for improving the accuracy. In the experiment, we choose Simmental cattle as the target of image segmentation and fully convolutional networks (FCN) as the verification networks. We proved that depth density can improve four metrics of semantic segmentation (pixel accuracy, mean accuracy, mean intersection over union, and frequency weight intersection over union) by 2.9%, 0.3%, 11.4%, and 5.02%, respectively. The result shows that depth information produced by Kinect can improve the accuracy of the semantic segmentation of FCN. This provides a new way of analyzing the phenotype information of animals.
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Xiang, Guofei, Songyi Dian, Ning Zhao, and Guodong Wang. "Semantic-Structure-Aware Multi-Level Information Fusion for Robust Global Orientation Optimization of Autonomous Mobile Robots." Sensors 23, no. 3 (2023): 1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031125.
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Multi-camera-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) has been widely applied in various mobile robots under uncertain or unknown environments to accomplish tasks autonomously. However, the conventional purely data-driven feature extraction methods cannot utilize the rich semantic information in the environment, which leads to the performance of the SLAM system being susceptible to various interferences. In this work, we present a semantic-aware multi-level information fusion scheme for robust global orientation estimation. Specifically, a visual semantic perception system based on the synthesized surround view image is proposed for the multi-eye surround vision system widely used in mobile robots, which is used to obtain the visual semantic information required for SLAM tasks. The original multi-eye image was first transformed to the synthesized surround view image, and the passable space was extracted with the help of the semantic segmentation network model as a mask for feature extraction; moreover, the hybrid edge information was extracted to effectively eliminate the distorted edges by further using the distortion characteristics of the reverse perspective projection process. Then, the hybrid semantic information was used for robust global orientation estimation; thus, better localization performance was obtained. The experiments on an intelligent vehicle, which was used for automated valet parking both in indoor and outdoor scenes, showed that the proposed hybrid multi-level information fusion method achieved at least a 10-percent improvement in comparison with other edge segmentation methods, the average orientation estimation error being between 1 and 2 degrees, much smaller than other methods, and the trajectory drift value of the proposed method was much smaller than that of other methods.
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Scharf, Sophie E., Monika Wiegelmann, and Arndt Bröder. "Information search in everyday decisions: The generalizability of the attraction search effect." Judgment and Decision Making 14, no. 4 (2019): 488–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s193029750000615x.
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AbstractThe recently proposed integrated coherence-based decisions and search model (iCodes) makes predictions for search behavior in multi-attribute decision tasks beyond those of classic decision-making heuristics. More precisely, it predicts the Attraction Search Effect that describes a tendency to search for information for the option that is already attractive given the available evidence. To date, the Attraction Search Effect has been successfully tested using a hypothetical stock-market game that was highly stylized and specifically designed to be highly diagnostic. In three experiments, we tested whether the Attraction Search Effect generalizes to different semantic contexts, different cue-value patterns, and a different presentation format than the classic matrix format. Across all experiments, we find evidence for information-search behavior that matches iCodes’s information-search prediction. Therefore, our results corroborate not only the generalizability of the Attraction Search Effect in various contexts but also the inherent process assumptions of iCodes.
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Song, Hong, Syed Raza Mehdi, Yangfan Zhang, et al. "Development of Coral Investigation System Based on Semantic Segmentation of Single-Channel Images." Sensors 21, no. 5 (2021): 1848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21051848.
Full textAbstract:
Among aquatic biota, corals provide shelter with sufficient nutrition to a wide variety of underwater life. However, a severe decline in the coral resources can be noted in the last decades due to global environmental changes causing marine pollution. Hence, it is of paramount importance to develop and deploy swift coral monitoring system to alleviate the destruction of corals. Performing semantic segmentation on underwater images is one of the most efficient methods for automatic investigation of corals. Firstly, to design a coral investigation system, RGB and spectral images of various types of corals in natural and artificial aquatic sites are collected. Based on single-channel images, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model, named DeeperLabC, is employed for the semantic segmentation of corals, which is a concise and modified deeperlab model with encoder-decoder architecture. Using ResNet34 as a skeleton network, the proposed model extracts coral features in the images and performs semantic segmentation. DeeperLabC achieved state-of-the-art coral segmentation with an overall mean intersection over union (IoU) value of 93.90%, and maximum F1-score of 97.10% which surpassed other existing benchmark neural networks for semantic segmentation. The class activation map (CAM) module also proved the excellent performance of the DeeperLabC model in binary classification among coral and non-coral bodies.
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Liao, Jiacai, Libo Cao, Wei Li, Xiaole Luo, and Xiexing Feng. "UnetDVH-Linear: Linear Feature Segmentation by Dilated Convolution with Vertical and Horizontal Kernels." Sensors 20, no. 20 (2020): 5759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205759.
Full textAbstract:
Linear feature extraction is crucial for special objects in semantic segmentation networks, such as slot marking and lanes. The objects with linear characteristics have global contextual information dependency. It is very difficult to capture the complete information of these objects in semantic segmentation tasks. To improve the linear feature extraction ability of the semantic segmentation network, we propose introducing the dilated convolution with vertical and horizontal kernels (DVH) into the task of feature extraction in semantic segmentation networks. Meanwhile, we figure out the outcome if we put the different vertical and horizontal kernels on different places in the semantic segmentation networks. Our networks are trained on the basis of the SS dataset, the TuSimple lane dataset and the Massachusetts Roads dataset. These datasets consist of slot marking, lanes, and road images. The research results show that our method improves the accuracy of the slot marking segmentation of the SS dataset by 2%. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, our UnetDVH-Linear (v1) obtains better accuracy on the TuSimple Benchmark Lane Detection Challenge with a value of 97.53%. To prove the generalization of our models, road segmentation experiments were performed on aerial images. Without data argumentation, the segmentation accuracy of our model on the Massachusetts roads dataset is 95.3%. Moreover, our models perform better than other models when training with the same loss function and experimental settings. The experiment result shows that the dilated convolution with vertical and horizontal kernels will enhance the neural network on linear feature extraction.
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Ramadhan, Hani, Yoga Yustiawan, and Joonho Kwon. "Applying Movement Constraints to BLE RSSI-Based Indoor Positioning for Extracting Valid Semantic Trajectories." Sensors 20, no. 2 (2020): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20020527.
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Indoor positioning techniques, owing to received signal strength indicator (RSSI)-based sensors, can provide useful trajectory-based services. These services include user movement analytics, next-to-visit recommendation, and hotspot detection. However, the value of RSSI is often disturbed due to obstacles in indoor environment, such as doors, walls, and furnitures. Therefore, many indoor positioning techniques still extract an invalid trajectory from the disturbed RSSI. An invalid trajectory contains distant or impossible consecutive positions within a short time, which is unlikely in a real-world scenario. In this study, we enhanced indoor positioning techniques with movement constraints on BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) RSSI data to prevent an invalid semantic indoor trajectory. The movement constraints ensure that a predicted semantic position cannot be far apart from the previous position. Furthermore, we can extend any indoor positioning technique using these movement constraints. We conducted comprehensive experimental studies on real BLE RSSI datasets from various indoor environment scenarios. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed approach effectively extracts valid indoor semantic trajectories from the RSSI data.
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Vogel-Heuser, Birgit, Matthias Seitz, Luis Alberto Cruz Salazar, Felix Gehlhoff, Alaettin Dogan, and Alexander Fay. "Multi-agent systems to enable Industry 4.0." at - Automatisierungstechnik 68, no. 6 (2020): 445–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2020-0004.
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AbstractThe discussion paper “I4.0 language: vocabulary, message structure and semantic interaction protocols of the I4.0 language”, published by the working group “Semantics and Interaction of Industry 4.0 Components” of the GMA, also known as UAG of the AG 1 of the platform Industry 4.0 (I4.0), presented a concept for the language between I4.0 components. The main conclusion is: The increasing networking and cooperation of components enable new forms of organization and control. A clear understanding of machine interactions paves self-organized and self-optimized value creation in I4.0. Agent-based systems are an option for the realization of such I4.0 architectures. Due to their features, software agents are particularly well suited for representing I4.0 components and enabling I4.0 interactions. Agents are not only able to understand the necessary machine languages, but also the essential mechanisms for self-organization and self-optimization in value creation. The paper focuses on I4.0 scenarios described by the Platform I4.0 that describes challenges for the industry towards its digital future and demonstrates how emerging challenges in the area of I4.0 can be met with the help of agent-based systems.
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Gao, Yupeng, Shengwei Zhang, Dongshi Zuo, Weihong Yan, and Xin Pan. "TMNet: A Two-Branch Multi-Scale Semantic Segmentation Network for Remote Sensing Images." Sensors 23, no. 13 (2023): 5909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23135909.
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Pixel-level information of remote sensing images is of great value in many fields. CNN has a strong ability to extract image backbone features, but due to the localization of convolution operation, it is challenging to directly obtain global feature information and contextual semantic interaction, which makes it difficult for a pure CNN model to obtain higher precision results in semantic segmentation of remote sensing images. Inspired by the Swin Transformer with global feature coding capability, we design a two-branch multi-scale semantic segmentation network (TMNet) for remote sensing images. The network adopts the structure of a double encoder and a decoder. The Swin Transformer is used to increase the ability to extract global feature information. A multi-scale feature fusion module (MFM) is designed to merge shallow spatial features from images of different scales into deep features. In addition, the feature enhancement module (FEM) and channel enhancement module (CEM) are proposed and added to the dual encoder to enhance the feature extraction. Experiments were conducted on the WHDLD and Potsdam datasets to verify the excellent performance of TMNet.
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Mamonova, Svetlana K. "THE VALUE OF HAIR IN CHILDBIRTH AND BAPTISMAL RITES (BASED ON THE EAST SLAVIC MATERIAL)." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, no. 6 (2023): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2023-6-27-38.
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The article deals with rituals performed with the hair of a newborn; an attempt is made to semantic and functional classification. The key issue raised in the article is the question of the “asexual” nature of the child. The author tries to challenge the existing point of view and show that the “genderlessness” identified by the researchers characterizes the social and ritual status of the child, but is in no way its physiological characteristic in traditional culture. The idea of a newborn as a male or female being seems to be the initial given, which determines the content of the rite of the first hair cutting. There are three main options for correlating the sex of the child and the corresponding ritual actions with hair. The first group of cases – when boys and girls during the ceremony of the first haircut could perform the same action (put various objects under their heads), but these objects differed in their symbolism. The second group of cases is when the boys’ hair is cut, and the first braid is braided for the girls; or when boys and girls had different haircuts. The third group of cases is when a child, regardless of gender, was put on a fur coat turned inside out with fur, and a certain amount of hair was cut crosswise. It is concluded that the rite of the first tonsure is the first step in introducing the child to the culture of this community, when he is withdrawn from the chaotic realm and becomes part of an orderly society. However, hair, as an integral part of the human appearance, continues to be a symbol of a person’s connection with some otherworldly beginning