Academic literature on the topic 'Value trace problem'
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Journal articles on the topic "Value trace problem"
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Currie, Sonja, and Bruce A. Watson. "GREEN'S FUNCTIONS AND REGULARIZED TRACES OF STURM–LIOUVILLE OPERATORS ON GRAPHS." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 51, no. 2 (2008): 315–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091506000319.
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AbstractAsymptotic approximations to the Green's functions of Sturm–Liouville boundary-value problems on graphs are obtained. These approximations are used to study the regularized traces of the differential operators associated with these boundary-value problems. Various inverse spectral problems for Sturm–Liouville boundary-value problems on graphs resembling those considered in Halberg and Kramer's ‘A generalization of the trace concept' (Duke Mathematics Journal27 (1960), 607–617), for Sturm–Liouville problems, and Pielichowski's ‘An inverse spectral problem for linear elliptic differential operators' (Universitatis Iagellonicae Acta Mathematica27 (1988), 239–246), for elliptic boundary-value problems, are solved.
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Ezaova, Alena G., Liana V. Kanukoeva, and Gennady V. Kupovykh. "NONLOCAL BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM FOR ONE MIXED THIRD ORDER EQUATION." UNIVERSITY NEWS. NORTH-CAUCASIAN REGION. NATURAL SCIENCES SERIES, no. 3 (211) (September 30, 2021): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1026-2237-2021-3-18-24.
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The paper considers a nonlocal boundary value problem for a mixed hyperbolic-parabolic equation of the third order. The equation is considered in a finite simply connected domain consisting of a hyperbolic and a parabolic part. The solution to the problem posed is considered for various cases of the parameter λ, which is in the original equation. In the case when (1-2m)/2< <λ<1, the solution of the problem is reduced to a singular integral equation, which is reduced by the well-known Carleman-Vekua method to the Fredholm integral equation of the third kind. In the case when λ=(1-2m)/2, a theorem on the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the problem posed is formulated and proved. To prove the uniqueness of the solution, the method of energy integrals is used and inequalities of the type are derived on the given functions that are in the boundary condition. It is shown that the homogeneous problem corresponding to the original problem, under the conditions of the uniqueness theorem, has only a trivial solution in the entire considered domain. From which we can conclude that the original problem has only a single solution. If the obtained conditions for the given functions are violated, the problem posed does not have a unique solution. When investigating the question of the existence of a solution to the problem posed, a system of two equations is considered, consisting of the basic functional relations between the trace of the desired function and the traces of the derivative of the desired function, brought to the line of degeneration y = 0. Eliminating from the system the function τ (x) - the trace of the desired solution on the line of degeneration, we arrive at an equation for the trace of the derivative of the desired function. Under the condition of the existence and uniqueness theorem, the problem posed is equivalently reduced to the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind, the unconditional solvability of which follows from the uniqueness of the solution to the problem posed.
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Zhao, Xiangqing, Chengqiang Wang, and Jifeng Bao. "Initial-boundary value problem of fifth-order Korteweg-de Vries equation posed on half line with nonlinear boundary values." Open Mathematics 20, no. 1 (2022): 529–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/math-2022-0040.
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Abstract In this paper, we study the initial boundary problem of fifth-order Korteweg-de Vries equation with nonlinear boundary values. First, we establish a so-called sharp boundary trace regularity associated with the linearized fifth-order Korteweg-de Vries equation. Then, aided by the sharp boundary trace regularity, we verify that initial-boundary value problem of fifth-order Korteweg-de Vries equation with nonlinear boundary conditions is locally well-posed when initial and boundary values are properly chosen.
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Mon, Khin Thet, Khaing Hsu Wai, Nobuo Funabiki, and Htoo Htoo Sandi Kyaw. "Value Trace Problems for Code Reading Study of JavaScript Programming." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 12, no. 5 (2022): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2022.12.5.1637.
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JavaScript programming takes critical roles in developing web application systems. Unfortunately, JavaScript programming is not fully educated in most universities, although its study may not be easy for students since the code is usually made by special composing styles. To assist self-study of JavaScript programming, currently, we are developing JavaScript programming learning assistant system (JSPLAS) by extending our JPLAS works for Java programming. In JPLAS, the value trace problem (VTP) is offered for code reading study by novice students. A VTP instance consists of a source code and a set of questions, where each question asks the actual value of an important variable or an output message in the source code. The correctness of any answer is marked through string matching with the correct one. In this paper, we study the VTP for code reading study of JavaScript programming. We generate 57 instances using source codes on basic grammar concepts and confirm the effectiveness through applications to 45 university students in Myanmar and Japan.
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El-Raheem, Zaki F. A., and A. H. Nasser. "The Regularized Trace Formula of the Spectrum of a Dirichlet Boundary Value Problem with Turning Point." Abstract and Applied Analysis 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/492576.
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Aung, Shune Lae, Nem Khan Dim, Soe Mya Mya Aye, Nobuo Funabiki, and Htoo Htoo Sandi Kyaw. "Investigation of Value Trace Problem for C++ Programming Self-study of Novice Students." International Journal of Information and Education Technology 12, no. 7 (2022): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2022.12.7.1663.
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Presently, C++ programming has been taught in many universities around the world as the first object-oriented programming language for undergraduate students to start studying programming concepts and computer architecture. However, many of them may struggle in studying C++ programming due to the nature in the formal language. Thus, hands-on self-study tools can be effective. In previous, we have developed Java programming learning assistant system (JPLAS) for assisting self-study of Java programming. JPLAS offers the value trace problem (VTP) for novice students to study Java programming through code reading study. In a VTP instance, actual values of important variable or standard output messages in a given source code are questioned, where the correctness of each answer is checked through string matching. In this paper, we investigate the effectiveness of VTP for hands-on self-study of C++ programming by novice students. We generated 37 VTP instances for basic grammar concepts using source codes in textbooks or websites for C++ programming, and asked 46 students in three universities in three countries to solve them using the answer interface for JPLAS. The results suggest that most of the students are satisfactory, but some students need cares at early programming study stage.
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Митрохин, С. И. "Regularized Trace of a Multipoint Boundary Value Problem with a Discontinuous Weight Function." Владикавказский математический журнал, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.46698/s6842-7321-6945-l.
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В статье предложена методика вычисления регуляризованного следа для дифференциального оператора с кусочно-гладким потенциалом и многоточечными граничными условиями. Весовая функция дифференциального оператора является разрывной. С помощью метода Наймарка на участках непрерывности потенциала и весовой функции при больших значениях спектрального параметра получена асимптотика решений дифференциальных уравнений, задающих изучаемый оператор. Полученная асимптотика решений позволяет изучить условия "сопряжения" в точке разрыва коэффициентов. Необходимость условий "сопряжения" следует из физических соображений. Изучаемые краевые задачи возникают при изучении колебаний стержней, балок и мостов, составленных из материалов различной плотности. Изучены многоточечные граничные условия, определяющие оператор. Успешно выполнена технически сложная часть исследования - изучена индикаторная диаграмма уравнения, корни которого являются собственными значениями оператора. Вычислена асимптотика собственных значений оператора. С помощью асимптотики собственных значений методом Лидского - Садовничего вычислен первый регуляризованный след дифференциального оператора.
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Hay Mar Shwe, San Hay Mar, Nobuo Funabiki, Yan Watequlis Syaifudin, et al. "Value trace problems with assisting references for Python programming self-study." International Journal of Web Information Systems 17, no. 4 (2021): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-03-2021-0025.
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Purpose This study aims to present the value trace problem (VTP) for Python programming self-study, by extending the works for Java programming learning assistant system. In total, 130 VTP instances are generated using Python codes in textbooks and websites that cover basic/advanced grammar topics, fundamental data structures and algorithms and two common library usages. Besides, assisting references on Python programming topics related to the VTP instances are introduced to assist novice learners in solving them efficiently. Design/methodology/approach PyPLAS offers the VTP to study grammar topics and library usage through code reading. A VTP instance asks a learner to trace the actual values of important variables or output messages in the given source code. The correctness of any answer is checked through string matching. Findings The applications to 48 undergraduate students in Myanmar and Indonesia confirm the validity of the proposal in Python programming self-studies by novice learners. Originality/value The applications to 48 undergraduate students in Myanmar and Indonesia confirm the validity of the proposal in Python programming self-studies by novice learners.
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Czarnecki, S., and T. Lewiński. "A stress-based formulation of the free material design problem with the trace constraint and single loading condition." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 60, no. 2 (2012): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-012-0026-5.
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Abstract. The problem to find an optimal distribution of elastic moduli within a given plane domain to make the compliance minimal under the condition of a prescribed value of the integral of the trace of the elastic moduli tensor is called the free material design with the trace constraint. The present paper shows that this problem can be reduced to a new problem of minimization of the integral of the stress tensor norm over stresses being statically admissible. The eigenstates and Kelvin’s moduli of the optimal Hooke tensor are determined by the stress state being the minimizer of this problem. This new problem can be directly treated numerically by using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method to represent the statically admissible stress fields, along with any unconstrained optimization tool, e.g.: Conjugate Gradient (CG) or Variable Metric (VM) method in multidimensions.
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Romanov, V., and T. Bugueva. "AN INVERSE PROBLEM FOR A NONLINEAR HYPERBOLIC EQUATION." Eurasian Journal of Mathematical and Computer Applications 12, no. 2 (2024): 134–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2306-6172-2024-12-2-134-154.
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For a second-order hyperbolic equation with inhomogeneity |u|m−1u, m > 1, a forward and an one-dimensional inverse problems are studied. The inverse problem is devoted to determining the coefficient under heterogeneity. As an additional information, the trace of the derivative with respect to x of the solution to the forward initial-boundary value problem is given at x = 0 on a finite interval. Conditions for the unique solvability of the forward problem are found. For the inverse problem a local existence and uniqueness theorems are established and a stability estimate of its solutions is found.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Value trace problem"
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ITAKURA, Fumitada, Kazuya TAKEDA, and Hani C. YEHIA. "An Acoustically Oriented Vocal-Tract Model." Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15049.
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Chabot, Cecil. "Cannibal Wihtiko: Finding Native-Newcomer Common Ground." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33452.
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Two prominent historians, David Cannadine and Brad Gregory, have recently contended that history is distorted by overemphasis on human difference and division across time and space. This problem has been acute in studies of Native-Newcomer relations, where exaggeration of Native pre-contact stability and post-contact change further emphasized Native-Newcomer difference. Although questioned in economic, social and political spheres, emphasis on cultural difference persists.
To investigate the problem, this study examined the Algonquian wihtiko (windigo), an apparent exemplar of Native-Newcomer difference and division. With a focus on the James Bay Cree, this study first probed the wihtiko phenomenon’s Native origins and meanings. It then examined post-1635 Newcomer encounters with this phenomenon: from the bush to public opinion and law, especially between 1815 and 1914, and in post-1820 academia. Diverse archives, ethnographies, oral traditions, and academic texts were consulted.
The cannibal wihtiko evolved from Algonquian attempts to understand and control rare but extreme mental and moral failures in famine contexts. It attained mythical proportions, but fears of wihtiko possession, transformation and violence remained real enough to provoke pre-emptive killings even of family members. Wihtiko beliefs also influenced Algonquian manifestations and interpretations of generic mental and moral failures. Consciously or not, others used it to scapegoat, manipulate, or kill.
Newcomers threatened by moral and mental failures attributed to the wihtiko often took Algonquian beliefs and practices seriously, even espousing them. Yet Algonquian wihtiko behaviours, beliefs and practices sometimes presented Newcomers with another layer of questions about mental and moral incompetence. Collisions arose when they discounted, misconstrued or asserted control over Algonquian beliefs and practices. For post-colonial critics, this has raised a third layer of questions about intellectual and moral incompetence. Yet some critics have also misconstrued earlier attempts to understand and control the wihtiko, or attributed an apparent lack of scholarly consensus to Western cultural incompetence or inability to grasp the wihtiko.
In contrast, this study of wihtiko phenomena reveals deeper commonalities and continuities. They are obscured by the complex evolution of Natives’ and Newcomers’ struggles to understand and control the wihtiko. Yet hidden in these very struggles and the wihtiko itself is a persistent shared conviction that reducing others to objects of power signals mental and moral failure. The wihtiko reveals cultural differences, changes and divisions, but exemplifies more fundamental commonalities and continuities.
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Lombana, Coy Jahir Enrique. "Competitiveness and Trade Policy Problems in Agricultural Exports." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AF0D-4.
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Die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ist von einigen Wirtschaftswissenschaftlern lediglich als ein Schlagwort betrachtet worden, weil es keinen Konsens darüber gibt, wie dieses Allerweltswort zu definieren ist. Jedoch wird es häufig von Politikern und Geschäftsleuten benutzt, um die Position von Ländern, Sektoren, Firmen und/oder Produkten im internationalen Handel zu beschreiben. Aus diesem Grund befürwortet eine weitere Gruppe von Wirtschaftswissenschaftlern eine Verwendung des Begriffs mit der Absicht, dadurch die Defizite der klassischen Außenhandelstheorie und der Theorie des Komparativen Vorteils aufzufangen. Diese Dissertation unterstützt diese zweite Gruppe, indem die Theorie der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit auf eine bestimmte Fallstudie angewendet wird: die Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des Bananenexports ausgewählter Hersteller- bzw. Exportländer in die Europäische Union.Die vorliegende Studie ist des weiteren ein Beitrag zur Debatte über die Auswirkungen der Handelspolitik auf den Agrarsektor, insbesondere in Entwicklungsländern. Sie besteht aus zwei Teilen und vier Kapiteln. Im ersten Teil (die ersten beiden Kapitel) wird der theoretische Rahmen für die Theorie der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und die Handelspolitik dargestellt. Im zweiten Teil (das dritte und vierte Kapitel) wird eine empirische Studie über den Bananenhandel durchgeführt, wobei mit dem cluster-value chain Modell die Bedingungen der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit analysiert werden. Das weiteren werden anhand eines partial equilibrium Modells die Auswirkungen der Handelspolitik auf die Marktanteile von Hersteller- bzw. Exportländern analysiert. Die theoretische und empirische Analyse der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit stützten folgende Hypothese: Die Handelspolitik ist lediglich einer von zahlreichen Faktoren, die bei der Analyse der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Bananenexporten in Betracht gezogen werden müssen.
Books on the topic "Value trace problem"
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Oxford Brookes University. Social Sculpture Research Unit. and Johannesburg Art Gallery, eds. Exchange values: Images of invisible lives. Johannesburg Art Gallery, 2002.
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Gallo, Alberto Athié. El Tratado de Libre Comercio: A la luz de la opción cultural propuesta por la doctrina social de la iglesia. Instituto Mexicano de Doctrina Social Cristiana, 1993.
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Sacks, Shelley. Exchange values: Images of invisible lives : a "social sculpture" project by Shelley Sacks in association with the Free International University Social Sculpture Forum and St. Lucian banana producers Cyril & Felicia Maquis ... [et al.]. Nottingham Trent University, Bonington Gallery, 1996.
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1943-, Gossez J. P., and Bonheure Denis, eds. Nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations: Workshop in celebration of Jean-Pierre Gossez's 65th birthday, September 2-4, 2009, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium. American Mathematical Society, 2011.
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Sang-in, Chŏn, ред. Hanʼguk hyŏndaesa: Chinsil kwa haesŏk. Nanam Chʻulpʻan, 2005.
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Caie, Michael. A Problem for Credal Consequentialism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779681.003.0009.
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Caie focuses on an epistemic utility theory picture of epistemic norms where epistemic utility functions measure the value of degrees of belief, and rationality consists in maximizing expected epistemic utility. Caie argues that in a wide variety of cases this view says that all degreed beliefs are rational, or none are, or it issues no verdicts. This is, roughly, because an agent’s degrees of beliefs will often not encode the appropriate dependence hypotheses that are needed so that various beliefs have expected epistemic utility values. Caie thus argues the unintuitive verdicts of epistemic utility theory are not limited to the byzantine examples of epistemic trade-offs, but are much more widespread.
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March, James G. Decision Processes and Value Endogeneity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825067.003.0004.
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Humans use reasons to shape and justify choices. In the process, trade-offs seem essential and often inevitable. But trade-offs involve comparisons, which are problematic both across values and especially over time. Reducing disparate values to a common metric (especially if that metric is money) is often problematic and unsatisfactory. Critically, it is not that values just shape choices, but that choices themselves shape values. This endogeneity of values makes an unconditional normative endorsement of modern decision-theoretic rationality unwise. This is a hard problem and there is no escaping the definition of good values, that is, those that make humans better. This removes the wall between economics and philosophy. If we are to adopt and enact this perspective, then greater discourse and debate on what matters and not just what counts will be useful and even indispensable.
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Attfield, Robin. Environmental Ethics: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198797166.001.0001.
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Environmental ethics studies the values and principles involved in combating environmental problems such as pollution, loss of species and habitats, and climate change. Environmental Ethics: A Very Short Introduction traces the discipline’s origins and considers how it defends the independent value of living creatures and the need to make decisions informed by the needs and interests of future generations. Exploring the diverse approaches to ethical decisions and judgements, it highlights the importance of making production and consumption sustainable, and of addressing human population levels, together with policies for preserving species, sub-species, and their habitats. It also discusses the different social and political movements involved and considers the environmental attitudes of the world’s religions.
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Ecks, Stefan. Living Worth. Duke University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/9781478022282.
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In Living Worth Stefan Ecks draws on ethnographic research on depression and antidepressant usage in India to develop a new theory of value. Framing depressive disorder as a problem of value, Ecks traces the myriad ways antidepressants come to have value, from their ability to help make one’s life worth living to the wealth they generate in the multibillion-dollar global pharmaceutical market. Through case studies that include analyses of the different valuation of generic and brand-name drugs, the origins of rising worldwide depression rates, and the marketing, prescription, and circulation of antidepressants, Ecks theorizes value as a process of biocommensuration. Biocommensurations—transactions that aim or claim to make life better—are those forms of social, medical, and corporate actions that allow value to be measured, exchanged, substituted, and redistributed. Ecks’s theory expands value beyond both a Marxist labor theory of value and a free market subjective theory, thereby offering new insights into how the value of lives and things become entangled under neoliberal capitalism.
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Bulut, Mehmet, and Cem Korkut, eds. Döngüsel Ekonomi ve Sürdürülebilir Hayat. Turkish Academy of Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53478/tuba.978-605-2249-97-0.
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The “circular economy” practices within the concept of sustainability offer solutions to the problem of uncontrolled production and irresponsible consumption that the world is trying to overcome. Approaches are being developed within the framework of circular economy in many areas from economy to environment, from education to local government policies, from finance to trade. The book “Circular Economy and Sustainable Living” discusses the circular economy conceptually and questions its necessity. Afterwards, it focuses on the applications of this concept with chapters written by experts in the field. The peculiarity of this book is that it does not focus solely on the definition of the circular economy. Besides economic issues such as capital markets, value chains, labor market, cryptocurrencies, management of enterprises, the book also includes practices in education and environment. We hope that the book will contribute to the solution of the global economic and environmental problems experienced by the world with detections and suggestions.
Book chapters on the topic "Value trace problem"
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Chen, Yixiong, Yang Yang, Zhanyao Lei, Mingyuan Xia, and Zhengwei Qi. "Bootstrapping Automated Testing for RESTful Web Services." In Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71500-7_3.
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AbstractModern RESTful services expose RESTful APIs to integrate with diversified applications. Most RESTful API parameters are weakly typed, which greatly increases the possible input value space. This poses difficulties for automated testing tools to generate effective test cases to reveal web service defects related to parameter validation. We call this phenomenon the type collapse problem. To remedy this problem, we introduce FET (Format-encoded Type) techniques, including the FET, the FET lattice, and the FET inference to model fine-grained information for API parameters. Enhanced by FET techniques, automated testing tools can generate targeted test cases. We demonstrate Leif, a trace-driven fuzzing tool, as a proof-of-concept implementation of FET techniques. Experiment results on 27 commercial services show that FET inference precisely captures documented parameter definitions, which helps Leif to discover 11 new bugs and reduce $$72\% \sim 86\%$$ 72 % ∼ 86 % fuzzing time as compared to state-of-the-art fuzzers.
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Agoshkov, Valeri. "Functional spaces, existence of traces, and extension of functions." In Boundary Value Problems for Transport Equations. Birkhäuser Boston, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1994-1_2.
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Roitberg, Yakov. "Traces of Generalized Solutions of Elliptic Equations on the Boundary of a Domain." In Elliptic Boundary Value Problems in the Spaces of Distributions. Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5410-9_7.
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Fontana, Giorgio. "Il diritto del lavoro e i valori nella crisi." In Studi e saggi. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-484-7.07.
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The essay deals with the relationship between values and labor law following in the first part a logical thread that moves from two essential foundations: Europe and the trade union. The author considers the crisis of these references as a crucial moment in the transformation of the value system. The dialectic between the different perspectives of labor law and the antithesis on the same vision of work in post-modern society are now reflected in the changes in the world of work. The current situation is being crossed by the pandemic crisis, which is also changing the way of understanding work. The prospect of degrowth and the crisis of the capitalist development model impose problems and new values, a renewed relationship between ethics and labor law.
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McKinnon, Ronald I. "Liberalizing Foreign Trade in a Socialist Economy: The Problem of Negative Value Added." In International Studies in Economics and Econometrics. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2206-1_7.
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Mckinnon, Ronald I. "Liberalizing Foreign Trade in a Socialist Economy: The Problem of Negative Value-Added." In Building a New Europe. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22922-2_6.
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Gittis, Andreas, Eric Vin, and Daniel J. Fremont. "Randomized Synthesis for Diversity and Cost Constraints with Control Improvisation." In Computer Aided Verification. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13188-2_26.
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AbstractIn many synthesis problems, it can be essential to generate implementations which not only satisfy functional constraints but are also randomized to improve variety, robustness, or unpredictability. The recently-proposed framework of control improvisation (CI) provides techniques for the correct-by-construction synthesis of randomized systems subject to hard and soft constraints. However, prior work on CI has focused on qualitative specifications, whereas in robotic planning and other areas we often have quantitative quality metrics which can be traded against each other. For example, a designer of a patrolling security robot might want to know by how much the average patrol time needs to be increased in order to ensure that a particular aspect of the robot’s route is sufficiently diverse and hence unpredictable. In this paper, we enable this type of application by generalizing the CI problem to support quantitative soft constraints which bound the expected value of a given cost function, and randomness constraints which enforce diversity of the generated traces with respect to a given label function. We establish the basic theory of labelled quantitative CI problems, and develop efficient algorithms for solving them when the specifications are encoded by finite automata. We also provide an approximate improvisation algorithm based on constraint solving for any specifications encodable as Boolean formulas. We demonstrate the utility of our problem formulation and algorithms with experiments applying them to generate diverse near-optimal plans for robotic planning problems.
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Rahman, Mahmudur, Nadia Ali Rimi, Rebeca Sultana, Nusrat Homaira, Jonathan H. Epstein, and Stephen P. Luby. "Nipah Outbreak Investigation in Bangladesh, 2007: A Case Study of One Health Partnership and Intersectoral Coordination." In Sustainable Development Goals Series. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53793-6_14.
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AbstractOne Health is increasingly recognized for its value in addressing emerging infectious disease threats. In Bangladesh, the integration of One Health approaches into outbreak investigation and response can be traced back to the advent of outbreaks of Nipah and avian influenza viruses. Through accounts from epidemiological, anthropological, ecological, and animal health investigations, this chapter narrates a case study of partnership among the government, development partners, and research organizations in Nipah virus outbreak management. It depicts how persuadable, collaborative and problem-solving leadership, cooperative approaches, common goals and mutual support could result in strong partnerships among different individuals and organizations towards building a One Health platform to achieve common goals.
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Lynch, Gordon. "Flawed Progress: Criticisms of Residential Institutions for Child Migrants in Australia and Policy Responses, 1939–1945." In UK Child Migration to Australia, 1945-1970. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69728-0_3.
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AbstractThe positive view of child migration held by UK Government officials in the inter-war period was not based on any regular system of inspections of the institutions in Australia to which children were sent. During the Second World War, UK Government officials became more of reported problems at several of these institutions, relating to standards of accommodation, management, care, training and after-care. This chapter traces the growing awareness of these problems and the UK Government’s response to them. Whilst policy-makers’ positive assumptions about child migration were challenged, and specific issues and institutions were known to require significant improvement, overall confidence in the value of child migration remained. Despite evidence of organisational failings in Australia, Australian welfare professionals were trusted to address these problems, and suggestions about the need for greater control from the United Kingdom were seen as a backward-looking attempt to limit the autonomy of Britain’s Dominions.
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Xing, Guangcheng. "The “Belt and Road” Initiative and Eurasian Regional Cooperation." In The Belt and Road Initiative. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-1128-7_7.
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Abstract The BRI stretches through the continents of Asia, Europe, and Africa, and Europe is an important part of the initiative. The BRI provides a platform for institutional arrangements and in-depth cooperation between economically developed Europe and economically active Asia, and Eurasian region has always been an important space for the BRI construction. Further excavation of the historical value of the ancient Silk Road is a necessary prerequisite for promoting the cultural integration of today’s Eurasian region. Strengthening the construction of infrastructure connectivity is the fundamental path to further improve the Eurasian connectivity level. Multiple investment and trade barriers still exist in the Eurasian region, which greatly hinder the economic cooperation and development of the region. To this end, we should focus on solving the problem of non-facilitation of trade and investment in the region and propose targeted solutions. People-to-people bond is the foundational project for consolidating Eurasian regional cooperation. Within the BRI framework, the synergy between China and the Eurasian Economic Union plays an important role in deepening Eurasian regional cooperation. In recent years, under the background of the pandemic, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization member states have shown positive attitudes toward economic and trade cooperation, investment and finance, transportation, etc. The promotion of Eurasian regional cooperation needs to further play the important role in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as a platform.
Conference papers on the topic "Value trace problem"
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Huynh, Dat T., and Marianthi Ierapetritou. "Integrated Ex-Ante Life Cycle Assessment and Techno-Economic Analysis of Biomass Conversion Technologies Featuring Evolving Environmental Policies." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.127765.
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Biorefineries can reduce carbon dioxide emissions while serving the global chemical demand market. Governments are also using carbon pricing policies, such as carbon taxes, cap-and-trade models, and carbon caps, as a strategy to reduce emissions. The use of biomass feedstocks in conjunction with carbon capture usage and storage technologies are mitigation strategies for global warming. Businesses can invest in these technologies to accommodate the adoption of these policies. Rapid action is necessary to halt global warming, which results in aggressive policies. In this work, a multi-period process design and planning problem is developed for the design and capacity expansion of biorefineries. The three carbon pricing policies are integrated into the model and parameters are selected according to the aggressive scenario denoted by the Paris Agreement. The results show that the cap-and-trade policy achieves a higher net present value evaluation over the carbon tax model across all pareto points due to the flexibility of the allowances in the cap-and-trade policy. The carbon cap model substantial investments are required in carbon capture technologies to adhere to the emissions constraints.
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Ashok, Sylvester, Apinut Sirirojvisuth, and Andrew Smith. "Closing the Gap between Capability and Affordability for System Upgrades and Major-Modifications." In Vertical Flight Society 72nd Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0072-2016-11342.
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The helicopter community and the US Army are constantly looking to expand the horizon of capability for future fleet. The Future Vertical Lift (FVL) program looks to use new technology, advanced materials, and designs to deliver a system that can fly faster, farther, carrying more payload, and that is more available, dependable, and affordable. Until FVL completely replaces the current fleet, the military will depend on block upgrades and some major modifications to existing fleet of Apaches, Black-Hawks, and Chinooks. The need to maintain military capabilities in the near team poses a significant challenge to the design community to engineer more performance out of the older platforms. The problem is further aggravated by the limited time and cost margin to design, build, and certify these new designs. As a solution to this problem, we propose a Development Assurance (DA) method for design trade-off and Value Based Acquisition (VBA). Effort sponsored by the US Government under Other Transaction number W15QKN-10-9-0003 between Vertical Lift Consortium, Inc. and the Government. The US Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. The views and conclusions contained herein are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies or endorsements, either expressed or implied, of the US Government.
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Zaw, Khin Khin, and Nobuo Funabiki. "A Concept of Value Trace Problem for Java Code Reading Education." In 2015 IIAI 4th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiai-aai.2015.188.
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Sampson, Richard L. "Printed Circuit Board Thermal Modeling Without the Use of an Effective Thermal Conductivity." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73013.
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The complexity of the circuit traces on the layers of a typical printed circuit board (PCB) poses a serious problem when preparing a thermal model of the board. Thermal analysts have resorted to the use of an average or so called, “effective thermal conductivity”, Keff, treating the board as a homogeneous medium in their PCB thermal models. This approach carries with it the possibility of significant error in the prediction of board temperatures. A typical PCB will have large variations in the density and pattern of the circuit traces, and a single value of Keff cannot accurately represent all board locations. An alternative approach to this long standing problem is presented in this paper. In the new procedure the thermal conductance between pairs of nodes is computed using all of the details of the circuit traces in the internodal region. The trace information is obtained from bitmap files of each circuit layer, files which may be generated from the board CAD files. The conductances are utilized in a general purpose thermal analyzer for computation of system temperatures. Using the details of the local circuit traces in the computation of internodal conductances results in a more accurate thermal model.
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Knuteson, R. O., S. C. Lee, H. E. Revercomb, and W. L. Smith. "Singular Value Decomposition Analysis of Ozone Profile Retrieval from High-resolution Interferometer Sounder Data." In Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere. Optica Publishing Group, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/orsa.1993.tub.4.
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In recent years the High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (HIS) program at the University of Wisconsin has made substantial contributions to the remote sensing of temperature and moisture vertical profiles from high spectral resolution infrared data.[Smith 1990] With the support of a NASA grant, the HIS program has been extended to include the development and validation of algorithms for the retrieval of trace constituents from HIS data. This paper is a summary of the analysis applied for the retrieval of ozone profiles (and column densities) from observed upwelling radiance obtained from NASA high altitude aircraft at about 20 km altitude. The analysis used makes use of the theory of singular value decomposition (SVD) in the solution of the under-determined nonlinear least squares problem posed by the data. Use of SVD is a powerful method for handling the ill conditioned inverse involved. The relevant theory and measurements are summarized and the result of application to observed data is provided below.
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Xu, Miao, and Zhi-Hua Zhou. "Incomplete Label Distribution Learning." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/443.
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Label distribution learning (LDL) assumes labels can be associated to an instance to some degree, thus it can learn the relevance of a label to a particular instance. Although LDL has got successful practical applications, one problem with existing LDL methods is that they are designed for data with \emph{complete} supervised information, while in reality, annotation information may be \emph{incomplete}, because assigning each label a real value to indicate its association with a particular instance will result in large cost in labor and time. In this paper, we will solve LDL problem when given \emph{incomplete} supervised information. We propose an objective based on trace norm minimization to exploit the correlation between labels. We develop a proximal gradient descend algorithm and an algorithm based on alternating direction method of multipliers. Experiments validate the effectiveness of our proposal.
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Georgiou, Ioannis T., and Ioannis K. Chatjigeorgiou. "Reduced Degrees-of-Freedom of the Nonlinear Dynamics of Elastic Pipelines for Airborne Refueling." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64910.
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It is the purpose of this study to investigate the principal nonlinear dynamic phenomena associated with the dynamic behavior of elastic suspended pipelines transporting fuels for refueling of aircrafts. The pipe is modeled as a slender beam that obtains a catenary configuration between the end points, i.e. the connections between the tanker and the refueled aircraft. In the specific arrangement the excitation is mainly induced due to the 3D motions of the connected aircrafts and is imposed in both ends of the pipeline. A characteristic feature of the investigated operation is the lack of a large damping component that could cancel potential instabilities. In the present study, the pipeline is considered as a continuous media and its dynamic problem is expressed through the complete nonlinear system of partial differential equations which are derived following a Newtonian derivation. The model adopted for describing the inner flow is the so called “plug-flow model”. The system is treated as a two point boundary value problem and it is solved in the time domain to trace all possible nonlinearities. To tackle the details of the nonlinear modes of motion the output signals of the dynamic response, that provide all governing dynamic components, namely, motions, inner loading terms, bending moments and angles of rotation, are further elaborated by the POD method. The POD Transform provides insight into the reduced order dynamics of this geometrically nonlinear exact coupled dynamical system.
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Bodoga, Alexandra, and Alina Iovandragomir. "SOFTWARE APPLICATION FOR FOOTWEAR TRACEABILITY." In eLSE 2018. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-18-170.
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In recent years, sustainability has become a popular topic in industries, has gained increasing importance in wealthy countries all over the world. The companies need to make sure their products are sustainable and traceable, which requires the involvement of all participants in the value chain. Footwear traceability represents the possibility to identify and trace the elements embedded into the whole shoe value chain (raw materials, production, distribution) by producers / clients / suppliers / stakeholders in order to inform them about the product. For that, each pair of shoes should have a special barcode (as a label) and using a scanning application the person can receive information about the shoe. This study proposes a structured approach that uses a software which provide a report about: The origin of raw material, materials, components used to obtain the footwear; The time and place of footwear manufacturing through the production process. It is necessary to specify the timeframe for which the traceability is ensured, and target workers or management staff on identifying technological solutions and technological equipment used; The location of the product in warehouses and after delivery. It is very important to the producer to have a feedback from customer, to maintain the relationship. For example if the consumer identify non-conformities of the product and the traceability was done properly, then the producer will find very easy and fix the problem. If traceability has not been properly carried out, the costs of restoring the information base will increase. This software will help consumers to get more information about the shoe they want to purchase, on one hand and producers / suppliers to manage the production network, on the other hand.
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Manente, Vittorio, Bengt Johansson, and Pert Tunestal. "Characterization of Partially Premixed Combustion With Ethanol: EGR Sweeps, Low and Maximum Loads." In ASME 2009 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2009-76165.
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EGR sweeps were performed on Ethanol Partially Premixed Combustion, PPC, to show different emission and efficiency trends as compared to Diesel PPC. The sweeps showed that increasing the EGR rate the efficiency does not diminish, HC trace is flat and CO is low even with 45% of EGR. NOx exponentially decreases by increasing EGR while soot levels are nearly zero throughout the sweep. The EGR sweeps underlined that at high EGR levels, the pressure rise rate is a concern. To overcome this problem and keep high efficiency and low emissions a sweep in timing of the pilot injection and pilot-main ratio was done at ∼16.5 bar gross IMEP. It was found that with a pilot-main ratio of 50–50 and by placing the pilot at −60 with 42% of EGR, NOx and soot are below EURO VI levels, the indicated efficiency is 47% and the maximum pressure rise rate is below 10 bar/CAD. Low load conditions were examined as well. It was found that by placing the SOI at −35 TDC the efficiency is maximized on the other hand when the injection is at −25 the emissions are minimized and the efficiency is only 1.64% lower than its optimum value. The idle test also showed that a certain amount of EGR is needed in order to minimize the pressure rise rate.
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Xiqin, Lu, Nobuo Funabiki, Htoo Htoo Sandi Kyaw, Shune Lae Aung, and Nem Khan Dim. "A Study of Value Trace Problems for Code Reading Study of C Programming." In 2020 Eighth International Symposium on Computing and Networking Workshops (CANDARW). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/candarw51189.2020.00093.
Full textReports on the topic "Value trace problem"
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Carpenter, Marie, and William Lazonick. The Pursuit of Shareholder Value: Cisco’s Transformation from Innovation to Financialization. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp202.
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Once the global leader in telecommunication systems and the Internet, over the past two decades the United States has fallen behind global competitors, and in particular China, in mobile communication infrastructure—specifically 5G and Internet of Things (IoT). This national failure, with the socioeconomic and geopolitical tensions that it creates, is not due to a lack of US government investment in the knowledge required for the mobility revolution. Nor is it because of a dearth of domestic demand for the equipment, devices, and applications that can make use of this infrastructure. Rather, the problem is the dereliction of key US-based business corporations to take the lead in making the investments in organizational learning required to generate cutting edge communication-infrastructure products. No company in the United States exemplifies this deficiency more than Cisco Systems, the business corporation founded in Silicon Valley in 1984 that had explosive growth in the 1990s to become the foremost global enterprise-networking equipment producer in the Internet revolution. This paper provides in-depth analysis of Cisco’s organizational failure, attributing it ultimately to the company’s turn from innovation in the last decades of 20th century to financialization in the early decades of the 21st century. Since 2001, Cisco’s top management has chosen to allocate corporate cash to open-market share repurchases— aka stock buybacks—for the purpose of giving manipulative boosts to the company stock price rather than make the investments in organizational learning required to become a world leader in communication-infrastructure equipment for the era of 5G and IoT. From October 2001 through October 2022, Cisco spent $152.3 billion—95 percent of its net income over the period—on stock buybacks for the purpose of propping up its stock price. These funds wasted in pursuit of “maximizing shareholder value” were on top of the $55.5 billion that Cisco paid out to shareholders in dividends, representing an additional 35 percent of net income. In this paper, we trace how Cisco grew from a Silicon Valley startup in 1984 to become, through its innovative products, the world leader in enterprise-networking equipment over the next decade and a half. As the company entered the 21st century, building on its dominance of enterprise-networking, Cisco was positioned to upgrade its technological capabilities to become a major infrastructureequipment vendor to service providers. We analyze how and why, when the Internet boom turned to bust in 2001, the organizational structure that enabled Cisco to dominate enterprise networking posed constraints related to manufacturing and marketing on the company’s growth in the more sophisticated infrastructure-equipment segment. We then document how from 2002 Cisco turned from innovation to financialization, as it used its ample profits to do stock buybacks to prop up its stock price. Finally, we ponder the larger policy implications of Cisco’s turn from innovation to financialization for the competitive position of the US information-and-communication technology (ICT) industry in the global economy.
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Khan, Mahreen. Lessons from Adaptive Programming. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.142.
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The aim of adaptive programming (AP) is to produce adaptive, flexible, iterative, responsive, problem-driven, politically smart, locally led programmes which are effective and efficient and meet donor requirements for accountability. This is a rapid desk review of recent literature on AP including academic and grey sources. Section 2 covers the main challenges and barriers to successful implementation of AP. Key success factors are covered in Section 3. Selecting the appropriate monitoring and evaluation tools such as outcome harvesting or adapted versions of Value for Money to assist in measuring outcomes and embedding learning is key to successful AP, particularly in governance programmes, where results are usually long-term, non-linear and causality can be difficult to specifically trace back to the donor-funded intervention. Section 4 details three case studies from the governance arena as this report was requested to assist in designing adaptive governance programmes. Thus, the State Accountability and Voice Initiative (SAVI) from Nigeria, Chakua Hatua from Tanzania, and Within and Without the State (WWS) from conflict regions are included to show how flexible indicators, donor communication and negotiation, empowering teams and adopting monitoring and evaluation tools assisted in successful AP outcomes in different locations and political contexts. The challenges faced and drawbacks of certain processes were fed into efficient feedback loops fostering cross-communication, adaptation, and modification to ensure procedures and policies were changed accordingly. Sources used are primarily from the previous 5 years, as per K4D norms, unless the work is seminal, such as the ODI Report (2016) Doing Development Differently, which encouraged over 60 countries to sign up for the AP methodology. This review found a substantive body of literature on AP methodology the relative recency of academic attention on AP in the development less evidence is available on case studies of AP in the development sector, as there are not many ongoing projects and even fewer have been completed and results assessed (ICF, 2019). There is also a lack of case studies on how dynamic, empowered, innovative teams successfully apply adaptive programming ideas, particularly providing behavioural insights about such teams (Cooke, 2017) as well as little attention to precipitating and sustaining behaviour change in institutions over the longer term (Power, 2017).
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Narayanan, Badri, Thomas Hertel, and Mark Horridge. Disaggregated Data and Trade Policy Analysis: The Value of Linking Partial and General Equilibrium Models. GTAP Working Paper, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp56.
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Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models are now routinely utilized for the evaluation of trade policy reforms, yet they are typically quite highly aggregated, which limits their usefulness to trade negotiators who are often interested in impacts at the tariff line. On the other hand, Partial Equilibrium (PE) models, which are typically used for analysis at disaggregate levels, deprive the researcher of the benefits of an economy-wide analysis, which is required to examine the overall impact of broad-based trade policy reforms. Therefore, a PE-GE, nested modeling framework has the prospect of offering an ideal tool for trade policy analysis. In this paper, we develop a PE model that captures international trade, domestic consumption and output, using Constant Elasticity of Transformation (CET) and Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) structures, market clearing conditions and price linkages, nested within the standard GTAP Model. In particular, we extend the welfare decomposition of Huff and Hertel (2001) to this PE-GE model in order to contrast the sources of welfare gain in PE and GE analyses. To illustrate the usefulness of this model, we examine the contentious issue of tariff liberalization in the Indian auto sector, using PE, GE and PE-GE models. Both the PE and PE-GE models show that the imports of Motorcycles and Automobiles change drastically with both unilateral and bilateral tariff liberalization by India, but the PE model does a poor job predicting the overall size and price level in the industry, post-liberalization. On the other hand, the GE model overestimates substitution between regional suppliers due to “false competition” and underestimates the welfare gain, due to the problem of tariff averaging in the aggregated model. These findings are shown to be robust to wide variation in model parameters. We conclude that the linked model is superior to both the GE and PE counterparts.
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Siebert, Rudolf J., and Michael R. Ott. Catholicism and the Frankfurt School. Association Inter-University Centre Dubrovnik, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53099/ntkd4301.
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The paper traces the development from the medieval, traditional union, through the modern disunion, toward a possible post-modern reunion of the sacred and the profane. It concentrates on the modern disunion and conflict between the religious and the secular, revelation and enlightenment, faith and autonomous reason in the Western world and beyond. It deals specifically with Christianity and the modern age, particularly liberalism, socialism and fascism of the 2Oth and the 21st centuries. The problematic inclination of Western Catholicism toward fascism, motivated by the fear of and hate against socialism and communism in the 20th century, and toward exclusive, authoritarian, and totalitarian populism and identitarianism in the 21st. century, is analyzed, compared and critiqued. Solutions to the problem are suggested on the basis of the Critical Theory of Religion and Society, derived from the Critical Theory of Society of the Frankfurt School. The critical theory and praxis should help to reconcile the culture wars which are continually produced by the modern antagonism between the religious and the secular, and to prepare the way toward post-modern, alternative Future III - the freedom of All on the basis of the collective appropriation of collective surplus value. Distribution and recognition problems are equally taken seriously.
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Goreczky, Péter, and Tibor Mezei. Breaking the Impasse? Chances of a Positive Turn in South Korea-Japan Relations. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.25.
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In the last decade, the value of bilateral trade between South Korea and Japan has shown a downward trend, and a ‘mini trade war’ and decoupling efforts to create more resilient supply chains in some economic segments have the potential to narrow trade relations further. This regression in bilateral economic cooperation is intrinsically connected to the deterioration of political relations between the two countries, and it was the re-emergence of unresolved historical differences on the political agenda that generated the tension between Japan and South Korea. On the other hand, the participation of the two nations in the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) can be evaluated as an important first step towards intensifying trade relations. In addition, corporate business relations and the private sector is the most important bridge between the two economies. The common challenges and opportunities of a new economic era and a changing geopolitical environment may induce Japan and South Korea to improve political cooperation and lay aside their differences regarding interpretations of historical problems. The paper concludes that the regression in bilateral relations during the past seven years has not taken place because the disagreement between the two sides has become intractable but due to an unfortunate series of occurrences in the political field.
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Walker, Michael, Gill Holcombe, Clare Mills, Chiara Nitride, and Adrian Rogers. Development of Reference Materials for food allergen analysis. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.hwt621.
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Food hypersensitivity is an increasing problem for many stakeholders with much effort focused on assessment and management of the risks including risk assessment toolkits (for example, the Allergen Bureau (Opens in a new window) Voluntary Incidental Trace Allergen Labelling VITAL®, the iFAAM consortium (Opens in a new window) and the ILSI-Europe Allergen Quantitative Risk Assessment guidance (Opens in a new window)). These toolkits describe the use of action levels and reference doses to assess the risks. A combination of the estimated eliciting dose of allergenic food, (in milligrams as protein) and the amount of food consumed in a single eating occasion can give a threshold or action level as milligrams (as protein) per kilogram (kg) of food) (mg kg-1 as protein) that would provoke an reaction in a given proportion of the allergic population. The eliciting dose is extrapolated from oral food clinical dose-distribution relationships. The results of analysis can be compared to the thresholds or action levels in risk assessment and risk management. Precautionary allergen labelling, well recognized as sub-optimal, could also be improved via an action level approach. Implementation and regulation depend on the ability to measure allergens properly; yet all current analytical approaches exhibit deficiencies, many of which can be addressed by the proper use of appropriate allergen reference materials (RMs). This report describes a pilot project to: 1) Systematically review allergen analytical targets used in ELISA, PCR and MS to allow the creation of a repository of reliable markers and open access verified allergen sequence sets for the studied allergens; 2) Facilitate a guided stakeholder workshop to achieve consensus on priority allergens, physical format of RMs, incurred concentrations and impact of processing; 3) Prepare a RM kit containing (a) a food matrix shown to be devoid of the target allergens, (b) the food matrix incurred with 5 allergens and (c) the raw materials (the allergenic foods); 4) Disseminate to encourage RM use to achieve tangible improvements in allergen analysis, establish a template of best practice for the future and make recommendations for follow up work to complete a set of RMs for the legislated and priority allergens. The RM matrix is based on that used for clinical dose-distribution studies and the raw allergen materials have been characterised by proteomics. The matrix and incurred allergens are industrially relevant to processed foods and the allergen concentrations are clinically relevant in the light of eliciting dose studies. The RM kit has been prepared following a well-established process that includes prescribed homogeneity and stability studies and a formal sign-off procedure of the statements of measurement, in accordance with ISO 17034:2016 ‘General requirements for the competence of reference material producers’ (an updated standard originally ISO GUIDE 34:2009). In October 2020 following detailed external assessment the RM kit was confirmed within the NML scope of ISO 17034 accreditation. ISO 17034:2016 covers the production of all reference materials, including certified reference materials. It is intended as part of the general quality assurance procedures of the reference material producer. LGC formed a consortium which was awarded this project by the FSA following an open competitive tender. The consortium consisted of LGC, the University of Manchester and Romer Laboratories Ltd. The consortium is world leading in (a) the preparation, curation and distribution of RMs in an accredited environment and (b) the characterisation of allergen proteins. Synergy with other concurrent work (for example, by iFAAM, EFSA, ILSI, MoniQA, JRC, and AOAC) has ensured value for money. This report has been compiled from a review of a broad range of data sources including: the scientific literature the tender documents progress reports and minutes of project meetings LGC internal documents and in particular the Material Report[1] UoM reports Romer Lab reports.
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Niblett, Robin. Global Britain in a divided world: Testing the ambitions of the Integrated Review. Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135195.
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In the Integrated Review of Security, Defence, Development and Foreign Policy, published in March 2021, the UK government set out four strategic objectives for ‘Global Britain’. A year later, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the shift to a more divided world have put the vision of the UK as a ‘problem-solving and burden-sharing nation with global perspectives’ to an urgent and severe test. This research paper finds that the UK has made clear contributions to its objectives of upholding the values and security of the liberal democracies. But it has undercut its commitments to support global resilience, and its international economic agenda remains very much a work in progress. The government must now prioritize rebuilding its relationship with the EU; leverage the G7 to avoid being sidelined by closer US–EU cooperation; and give greater strategic purpose to its trade agenda. It also needs to follow through on its commitments to support the resilience of the international community, or it will fail to live up to its goal of launching a truly global Britain.
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Obregon, Jean-Francois, Sergio Lazzarini, Diane-Laure Arjalies, et al. Towards a Climate-Smart Food System: A Theory of Change and Impact Metrics to Trigger Farming and Societal Change. Richard Ivey School of Business., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/iveypub.78.2023.
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There is significant interest in sustainable food production practices in Canada and worldwide due to the challenges caused by the Russia-Ukraine war, land degradation, and climate change. Sustainable food production is a food system that provides affordable, nutritious food while preserving and restoring natural resources and generating robust ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water filtration, and retention. This report explores multiple routes to foster improved social, ecological, and economic impacts associated with alternative practices promoting sustainable food production. It identifies core problems that prevent agricultural systems and their food chains from implementing (more) sustainable practices. The report mobilizes a Theory of Change (TOC) to outline possible interventions and metrics to implement (community-based) interventions to promote shared principles of sustainable production and create communities of practice. The TOC was developed in consultation with a set of actors in the food chain (including farmers, financial institutions, municipal governments, food processors, NGOs and industry associations) during a nine-month research intervention in Canada (2023), complemented by a literature review. Thanks to this co-creation process, the proposed interventions and metrics to measure and track improvements at the farm and societal levels presented in this report are outcomes-based and bottom-up. This enables agricultural communities and actors in the food chain to pursue alternative routes to improve outcomes. The report also discusses incentives to pursue sustainable food production, either explicit (e.g. monetary payments, contractual clauses) or implicit (e.g. social norms, cultural values, network-based engagement of food chain actors). Lastly, it outlines a potential research design to test the suggested interventions, metrics, and incentives in a Randomized Control Trial (RCT).
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Chauhan, Priyanshi, and Ria Sinha. Bridging Perspectives: Innovative Finance Insights from India. Indian School Of Development Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58178/2309.1026.
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This case study engages with the journey of Dhwani Rural Information Systems, a social enterprise that traces its earliest origins back to 2012. Founded by the duo of Sunandan Madan and Swapnil Aggarwal – engineers by training who met while studying for a postgraduate course at the Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA) – Dhwani since its inception has been trying to help a range of social sector organizations effectively integrate technology without disrupting the core ways in which these organizations work. Notably, it has been amongst one of the early enterprises in the sector which has taken efforts to understand in-depth the technology-related “pain points” common across organizations, and to bring a degree of standardisation to their solutions. The case builds an appreciation towards the fact that at the core of a successful technology-centric social enterprise, which can offer relevant and affordable digital products and services to the sector, lies building a composite culture that can straddle both the developmental and technological landscapes. Such a culture seeks to combine engineering and consulting skills in equal measure, and seeks to solve problems mindful of the particularities of the developmental sector, while also retaining a service orientation. In particular, the case looks to draw attention to the ideas of hybridity and elasticity that are integral to such a culture and how these have to be sustained against continuous pressures of talent sourcing, compensation, retention, and learning and development. In a short period of time, Dhwani has become a mature set-up with a clear sector-agnostic product and service value proposition to the sector, with a team strength of over 120 people and over 50 projects, and a variety of organizations, including nonprofits, philanthropies, CSR divisions and governments as clients. Therefore, the experiences of the founders and members of the team offer valuable lessons for other like-minded practitioners. At the same time, to researchers in the field of social enterprise the case may provide a more granular view of important aspects of culture-building in emerging social enterprises. The fact that such enterprises have to draw from a talent pool in constant competition with their private sector counterparts imparts added force to the above considerations.
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Rao, Menaka, Shantanu Menon, and Kushagra Merchant. Dhwani Rural Information Systems: Bridgnig the Technological divide. Indian School Of Development Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58178/2306.1025.
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This case study engages with the journey of Dhwani Rural Information Systems, a social enterprise that traces its earliest origins back to 2012. Founded by the duo of Sunandan Madan and Swapnil Aggarwal – engineers by training who met while studying for a postgraduate course at the Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA) – Dhwani since its inception has been trying to help a range of social sector organizations effectively integrate technology without disrupting the core ways in which these organizations work. Notably, it has been amongst one of the early enterprises in the sector which has taken efforts to understand in-depth the technology-related “pain points” common across organizations, and to bring a degree of standardisation to their solutions. The case builds an appreciation towards the fact that at the core of a successful technology-centric social enterprise, which can offer relevant and affordable digital products and services to the sector, lies building a composite culture that can straddle both the developmental and technological landscapes. Such a culture seeks to combine engineering and consulting skills in equal measure, and seeks to solve problems mindful of the particularities of the developmental sector, while also retaining a service orientation. In particular, the case looks to draw attention to the ideas of hybridity and elasticity that are integral to such a culture and how these have to be sustained against continuous pressures of talent sourcing, compensation, retention, and learning and development. In a short period of time, Dhwani has become a mature set-up with a clear sector-agnostic product and service value proposition to the sector, with a team strength of over 120 people and over 50 projects, and a variety of organizations, including nonprofits, philanthropies, CSR divisions and governments as clients. Therefore, the experiences of the founders and members of the team offer valuable lessons for other like-minded practitioners. At the same time, to researchers in the field of social enterprise the case may provide a more granular view of important aspects of culture-building in emerging social enterprises. The fact that such enterprises have to draw from a talent pool in constant competition with their private sector counterparts imparts added force to the above considerations.