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Journal articles on the topic 'Values, juvenile literature'
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1
Sulthon, Sulthon, and Muhammad Misbahul Munir. "The Analysis of the Juvenile Delinquency Trigger Factors and the Handling Efforts." Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities 12 (October 5, 2023): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/pssh.v12i.810.
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Transitional period development emerges significant changes in psychological aspects. These changes often lead to values and norms conflict. Juvenile delinquency is caused by unresolved conflicts in childhood during the transitional period. This study aims to: 1) determine the factors that trigger juvenile delinquency; 2) discover juvenile delinquency solution, 3) find out the inhibiting factors for tackling juvenile delinquency. This research uses literature analysis with the data from related literature as analytical material. Data analysis uses descriptive qualitative and exploratory analysis. The results showed, 1) there are internal and external trigger factors for juvenile delinquency; 2) Efforts to overcome the occurrence of juvenile delinquency are through parenting and attention to adolescents, including psycho-education; 3) Inhibiting factors in efforts to overcome juvenile delinquency such as negative peer influence, uncontrolled use of social media, lack of parental attention, and permissive attitude. This research provides information about the juvenile delinquency cause and prevention.
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Ulo, Edafe, and Teddy Victor Jike. "Core Family Values as Correlate of Juvenile Involvement in Internet Fraud in Delta State, Nigeria." International Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Research 8, no. 4 (April 15, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ijsar.15/vol8n4113.
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The study examined core family values as correlate of juvenile involvement in internet fraud in Delta state, Nigeria. A comprehensive background of the study amongst others was examined that discussed the problem of the study. Several related literature was reviewed in line with the sub-themes of the study that examined the family values in Nigeria, Family Factors Influencing Juvenile Involvement in Crime, internet fraud and types of internet fraud and Causes of Internet Fraud among Juvenile. The research design adopted for the study was the correlational survey design. This was applied through the use of the questionnaire and in-depth interview; the research instrument used for data collection. The questionnaire was administered to sample of 591 respondents and 24 respondents for in-depth interview through the use of multi-stage sampling method that was employed to randomly select respondents. The descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation technique were used to analyze the data obtained from the study. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the descriptive data comprising the bio-data in frequencies and percentages while the hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation (PPMC). The study concluded that the lower the level of core family values, the higher the juvenile involvement in internet fraud and vice versa. This was the basis upon which contribution to knowledge and recommendations were put forward for further studies.
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Nagata, Masumi, Keisuke Jimbo, Nobuyasu Arai, Kosuke Kashiwagi, Kaori Tokushima, Mitsuyoshi Suzuki, Takahiro Kudo, and Toshiaki Shimizu. "An Isolated Intestinal Juvenile Polyp Diagnosed by Abdominal Ultrasonography and Resected by Double-Balloon Endoscopy: A Case Report and Literature Review." Diagnostics 13, no. 3 (January 29, 2023): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13030494.
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Juvenile polyps, typically localized in the rectum and sigmoid colon, are a common cause of pediatric bloody stool. An isolated small intestinal juvenile polyp is uncommon and generally difficult to diagnose. The first case of an isolated juvenile polyp diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography before acute abdomen had developed and resected by double-balloon endoscopy is presented along with a review of previous reports including this case. A two-year-old Japanese boy was referred to our institute for further evaluation of anemia persisting from one year of age. Laboratory findings showed mild iron deficiency anemia and elevated fecal human hemoglobin (Hb) and fecal calprotectin values. Upper and lower endoscopic findings showed no abnormalities. Because the abdominal ultrasonography performed one year later demonstrated a 15 mm jejunal polyp, combined with a similar finding on small intestinal capsule endoscopy, this was diagnosed as an isolated lesion. The lesion was resected by cautery with double-balloon endoscopy and diagnosed as a juvenile polyp pathologically. All clinical symptoms disappeared, and all laboratory data improved after treatment, without recurrence for more than one year after the procedure. Abdominal ultrasonographic screening and the fecal calprotectin value led to the diagnosis and non-surgical invasive treatment of an isolated small intestinal juvenile polyp.
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Louie, Belinda Y. "Unwrapping the Pojagi: Traditional Values and Changing Times in a Survey of Korean–American Juvenile Literature." Children’s Literature in Education 36, no. 2 (June 2005): 173–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10583-005-3504-7.
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Sulthon, Sulthon Sulthon. "SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR): THE ANALYSIS OF THE JUVENILE DELINQUENCY TRIGGER FACTORS AND THE HANDLING EFFORTS." Dinamika Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar 16, no. 1 (May 7, 2024): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/dinamika.v16i1.20289.
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Adolescence is a stage in development experienced by individuals that is different from previous periods. In this period individuals face puberty which is marked by the transition from childhood to adulthood. At this time, teenagers face doubt, uncertainty, emotional instability, so that their actions often deviate from values and norms, this deviation is influenced by many aspects both from within and from outside. The aim of this research is to identify, analyze, study and conclude the factors that trigger juvenile delinquency and efforts to overcome it. The method used in the research is library research with a systematic literature review (SLR) approach. Data collection was carried out using journal search techniques with the keywords "juvenile delinquency", "triggers or causes of juvenile delinquency", "efforts to overcome juvenile delinquency", from journals indexed by Sinta or Google Scholar, and Scopus which were published in the last six years, namely 2018-2023, Data validity testing is carried out by selecting journals based on inclusion and exclusion criteria which will be reviewed is currently analyzing the data by processing all collected articles identified based on inclusion and non-inclusion, place, index, content, then described and analyzed and concluded. The results of the research show that the triggering factors for juvenile delinquency consist of internal and external factors, internal factors namely from within oneself due to an identity crisis, weak control and self-control, and lack of discipline; while external factors include family environment, lack of attention and affection from parents, broken home, low knowledge and practice of religion, poor social environment, school environment, negative influence of peers, weak economy, uncontrolled use of social media information technology, low level of education, and carefree upbringing, while efforts are being made to control it with a strong understanding and practice of religion, democratic parenting, attention and affection and treatment of teenagers according to their age, giving good role models, giving trust and responsibility, training entrepreneurial entrepreneurs, and collaboration with youth organizations in providing sports activities and religious studies. This research provides information about the factors that cause juvenile delinquency and its prevention so that parents or schools can reduce or prevent juvenile delinquency.
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Khairunnisa, Amna, Divica Ivanka, Haulia Tris Finanda, Lisa Oktavia, Nur Afni Wijaya, M. Abd Rahman, and Nory Natalia. "Juvenile Delinquency That Leads To Declining Mental Health." BICC Proceedings 1 (September 18, 2023): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/bicc.v1i1.47.
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In today's Alpha era, teenagers often forget their role as the next generation of the Indonesian nation. Adolescence is a transition period from child to adult. This time the cause of Indonesian juvenile delinquency greatly increased. One of the attitudes that adolescents should have is knowledge of the ethical values passed down by their ancestors. Social changes and value shifts have affected the development of adolescents, causing the old culture to be left behind due to the emergence of a new culture in the Alpha era. Bullying is everywhere, physical violence against society is carried out by teenagers, bullying, and so on. One of the consequences of social change that causes juvenile delinquency to increase is the shift, the fall of adolescents into deviant behavior that is not by normal values and rules of society. Conditions like this are likely to spread generation as Juvenile Delinquency degrades mental health. One of the factors of juvenile delinquency that causes mental health to decline when bullying is considered right by some adolescents, is weakened moral degradation and reduced family functions and the role of family, and society in fostering adolescents. When the function of these related parties is weakened, there will be disability of adolescents in acting. The purpose of this research is to examine Juvenile Delinquency or juvenile delinquency which causes a decrease in mental health. The method in this research is a literature study (study research), namely collecting various sources and information that can examine juvenile delinquency that causes a decrease in mental health.
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Fechter, Claudia. "AJL Sydney Taylor Award Presentations, 1994." Judaica Librarianship 9, no. 1 (December 31, 1995): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14263/2330-2976.1191.
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The Sydney Taylor Awards were established in 1968 to honor the memory of one of the favorite and finest of all children's literature providers. Sydney Taylor, herself, set the standard of teaching about Jewish values and a Jewish way of life through stories. In her memory, her husband, Ralph Taylor, of blessed memory, and now her daughter, Jo Marshall, have provided a handsome prize for the outstanding writers and illustrators of new Jewish juvenile literature. No children's collection should be without these wonderful works.
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Bardi, Edoardo, Emanuele Lubian, Stefano Romussi, Nikhil Whitaker, and Alessia Giordano. "Hematological values of captive Indotestudo travancorica (Boulenger, 1907) and Batagur kachuga (Gray, 1931): a short communication." Veterinarski arhiv 93, no. 5 (October 25, 2023): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.1806.
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The Indian subcontinent is home to many species of herpetological and conservation interest. The aim of this study was to provide a first assessment of hematological values in Travancore tortoises (Indotestudo travancorica) and redcrowned roofed turtles (Batagur kachuga), two endangered species on which medical literature is still lacking. In late spring, 19 blood specimens of healthy I. travancorica and 17 of B. kachuga were sampled. Both populations were housed at the Madras Crocodile Bank Trust – Centre for Herpetology (Tamil Nadu, India). From each animal, a blood sample was obtained from the dorsal coccygeal vein and stored in a lithium-heparin test tube. For both species, manual red and white blood cell counts (RBC and WBC) were performed using a Natt & Herrick stain in a Neubauer chamber. Only for I. travancorica, hematocrit values were assessed by centrifugation of capillary tubes, and used to calculate mean corpuscular volume; this investigation was not performed on B. kachuga due to equipment malfunction. Due to the small sample size, only descriptive statistics were applied, and the obtained values were compared with the known references of other chelonians. Only for B. kachuga, the composition of the sampled population made it possible to run cross sectional comparisons between adult and juvenile individuals, as well as between males and females. No difference was found between males and females, but a significant difference (P<0,05) was found for WBC counts between juvenile and adult animals.
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PLOEGER, H. W., and M. EYSKER. "Simulating Dictyocaulus viviparus infection in calves: the parasitic phase." Parasitology 120, no. 7 (May 2000): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182099005831.
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A model simulating Dictyocaulus viviparus infection in calves is described. The present paper only deals with the parasitic phase of the life-cycle. Descriptions are given for establishment, development rate of juvenile stages, mortality rates of both juvenile and adult stages, and fecundity. Literature data were used to to develop parameter functions and to estimate initial values for constants. Development of acquired immunity, defined as the proportional ability of the host to reduce the number of parasite individuals in some stage or about to move into a next stage, against establishment (protection) or affecting mortality rates of juvenile or adult parasite stages has been included. The effect of immunity on one parameter or process is viewed as distinctly separate from the effect on another. Preliminary comparisons between model prediction and observations gives encouraging results, indicating that the model simulates experimental D. viviparus infection in calves reasonably well. Some quantitative discrepancies between prediction and observation make clear however, that not all parts of the model are accurate. Further experimentation is needed to re-evaluate current model description and to improve model simulation.
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Sri Haryanto and Achmad Zainuri Rosid. "IMPLEMENTASI DAN AKTUALISASI PENDIDIKAN HUMANIS RELIGIUS DI SEKOLAH." Jurnal Cakrawala Ilmiah 2, no. 9 (May 26, 2023): 3497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.53625/jcijurnalcakrawalailmiah.v2i9.5665.
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The research method used by the researcher in this research is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. This type of research uses a literature study.
Education in Indonesia is still experiencing a character crisis, many violations of norms, juvenile delinquency and far from religious values. Conceptualization of the image of a religious humanist school, namely a school that develops basic humanist values (freedom, creativity, cooperation, honesty, self-actualization) while remaining within a religious framework. Not secular humanism, but humanism by religious values (science, aqidah, worship, morality, ma'rifah). Factors that describe a religiously humanist school include the principal as a motivator, teachers as a motivator, a variety of activity programs, adequate learning facilities, a conducive school culture, a supportive social environment, and responsive parents.
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Quéma, Anne. "A culture of retribution: symbolic violence in legal and literary discourses on juvenile delinquency." International Journal of Law in Context 2, no. 2 (June 2006): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744552306002035.
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This article seeks to establish law and literature as two distinct yet interacting fields through which the norms of a particular culture are filtered. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological theory, it suggests that legal and literary statements are contextualised by norms and values that exert symbolic violence to the extent that, through communication and knowledge, they define social subjects and their material practices. The specific objective of this article is to map out the network of relationships between the apparently separate fields of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 and the Criminal Justice Act 1948 and Alan Sillitoe’s The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Runner, and to understand the ways in which law and literature related to symbolic violence as they created, maintained or countered norms which constituted the English culture of juvenile offenders in the 1950s.
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Hidaya, Nurman, and Yasipin Aisna. "Pendidikan Karakter Anak Usia Dini sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Karakter Bangsa : Literature Review." Jurnal Hawa : Studi Pengarus Utamaan Gender dan Anak 2, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/hawapsga.v2i1.2793.
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ABSTRACTThe decline in the quality of the nation's character is characterized by the number of cases popping up that are not in accordance with norm values such as; rampant corruption, theft, murder, rape and juvenile delinquency cases such as brawls, free sex and drug abuse, to overcome this it is necessary to character education for children from an early age. The purpose of writing to find out how to improve the character of the nation based on Evidence Based. In the process of searching literature, several databases are used such as Pubmed, NCBI, goole shoolar and sciencedirect. It is expected that parents will set an example and instill good character in children and play a useful role playing game and prevent children from seeing unfavorable characters in the environment. With character education will develop the basic potential to be kind, think well, and behave well. Strengthening and building multicultural children's behavior, enhancing the competitive civilization of students in society. Keywork: Parenting, Game Types and Character Building
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Merrill, Susan Cook. "Qualitative Methods in Occupational Therapy Research: An Application." Occupational Therapy Journal of Research 5, no. 4 (October 1985): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944928500500402.
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Recent occupational therapy literature has pointed to significant similarities in the principles of qualitative research methods and the underlying assumptions and values of our profession. This article presents an overview of qualitative methods, an analysis of the relationship between qualitative and quantitative approaches in social and cultural research, and a brief discussion of the issues of reliability, validity, and researcher objectivity in qualitative research. The application of qualitative methods in a research project on juvenile arthritis is used to illustrate an exploration of the importance of such methods to occupational therapy theory and practice.
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Muh Yusuf, Muhammad Zuhdi Hibatullah, Alawiyah Nabila, Nur Hasyikin, and Muhammad Yasin. "Peran Fikih dalam Mengatur Pergaulan Remaja Masa Kini." SOSMANIORA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora 2, no. 4 (December 27, 2023): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/sosmaniora.v2i4.3011.
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This research explores the critical role of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) in guiding and regulating the social interactions of contemporary adolescents. Drawing on historical narratives in the Islamic tradition and emphasizing the importance of Fiqh in addressing challenges such as juvenile delinquency, the research underscores the need for practical application of Fiqh principles in everyday life. It argues that Fiqh education, which goes beyond theoretical understanding, entails the practical implementation of acquired knowledge, integrating theory and action. This study uses the literature research method, reviewing relevant literature to analyze the concept of adolescent social interaction from an Islamic fiqh perspective. The findings indicate a mismatch between Islamic values and current teenage trends, including changes in dressing styles, an increase in premarital relationships, drug abuse, and materialistic pursuits. The paper suggests the need for guidance from adolescents and parents to bridge the gap between Islamic principles and contemporary trends, emphasizing the importance of fiqh education in adolescence as a basis for navigating life in accordance with Islamic values.
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Nur Afni Wijaya and Fadhilla Yusri. "Juvenile Delinquency yang Menyebabkan Menurunnya Attitude Siswa SMK S Pembangunan Bukittinggi." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan (JURDIKBUD) 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 01–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jurdikbud.v4i1.2793.
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In today's Alpha era, teenagers have forgotten their role as the next generation of the nation and the State of Indonesia. Adolescence is a transition period from child to adult. This time is the cause of Indonesian juvenile delinquency greatly increased. The purpose of this study is to examine Juvevile Delinquency or juvenile delinquency that causes a decrease in adolescent Etitude. One of the attitudes that adolescents must have is knowledge of ethical values passed down by ancestors. Social changes and value shifts have affected the development of adolescents, causing the old culture to be left behind due to the emergence of a new culture in the Alpha era. Bulliying is everywhere, physical violence against the community is carried out by teenagers, speaking inappropriately to both older and younger, turning their backs on kato nan ampek, bullying and so on. One of the consequences of social change that causes juvenile delinquency to increase is the shift, the fall of adolescents into deviant behavior that is not in accordance with normal values and social rules. Conditions like this do not rule out the possibility of pervasive genegration with the designation Juvevile Delinquency lowering the Etitude of children in the community. One of the factors of juvenile delinquency that causes Etitude to decline when the way of communication practiced by the gods does not reflect good communication, speaking loudly and using harsh and harsh language and is considered correct by some adolescents, weakening moral degradation and reduced family functions and the role of the family, and society in fostering adolescents. When the functions of these related parties are weakened, there will be defects in the actions of adolescents. The method in this research is a literature study (study research), which collects various sources and information that can examine juvenile delinquency that causes a decrease in adolescent ethics. The expected result in this research is to create teenagers who have good ethics in communication which is expected in a positive social environment and in accordance with applicable norms. Hopefully this can provide positive teaching for all of us.
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Roegner, G. Curtis, and Gary E. Johnson. "Export of macroinvertebrate prey from tidal freshwater wetlands provides a significant energy subsidy for outmigrating juvenile salmon." PLOS ONE 18, no. 3 (March 17, 2023): e0282655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282655.
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Tidal freshwater wetlands linking terrestrial, riverine, and saline habitats are critical areas for material processing and exchange. Once historically widespread, herbaceous marsh and forested tidal freshwater wetlands especially are now highly degraded worldwide. Additionally, quantitative assessments of hydrology and material exchange from these systems are lacking compared to lotic and estuarine (saltmarsh) habitats. Here we investigate macroinvertebrate and energy export from tidal marsh and forested wetlands and consider potential benefits from this ecological process to endangered Pacific salmon in a large tidal freshwater system, the Columbia River (USA). Macroinvertebrate (salmon prey) concentration, water velocity, and discharge were measured at several wetland habitat types (forested swamp, emergent marsh, and restored marsh). We used these data to compute prey flux and transport metrics. Then, applying literature values to calculate prey energy equivalents and juvenile salmon metabolic requirements, we estimated the potential energy subsidy available to juvenile salmon. Numerically, larval stages of aquatic insects were the predominant type of prey exported from the wetlands, with Diptera chironomid fly abundance exceeding other groups. Energetically, however, non-chironomid dipterans and hemipteran prey comprised most of energy transport due to their higher energetic content (energy density × mean weight). We determined the prey energy transported from the sampled tidal channels was sufficient to meet energetic needs of tens to thousands of juvenile salmon per day, depending on prey production and hydrography. The prey taxonomic composition differed among organisms exiting forested swamp, emergent marsh, and restored marsh habitats with corresponding differences in energy transport, but all habitat types supported similar numbers of juvenile salmon. We conclude that macroinvertebrate prey exported from varied tidal freshwater wetlands likely provide significant benefits to juvenile salmon over a larger ecological footprint than the wetland area would suggest.
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Hemerik, Lia, and Chris Klok. "Conserving declining species using incomplete demographic information: what help can we expect from the use of matrix population models?" Animal Biology 56, no. 4 (2006): 519–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157075606778967865.
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AbstractDue to human activity, many species have strongly declined in number and are currently threatened with extinction. Management directed at conservation of these species can benefit from the use of simple population models such as matrix models. However, for many species, data on survival and reproduction are scarce. Therefore, we set up a general framework based on a matrix model with three parameters: reproduction, juvenile (=first year survival) and adult survival in which incomplete data can be analysed. This framework is applicable to species that can mature after their first year of life. The point in a calendar year at which the population size is determined, i.e. the census time, is varied. We discuss the differences and the similarities between matrices modelling the same population at different census times. The population growth rate and the elasticity of the survival and reproduction parameters have been determined analytically. From these we made, as a visual diagnostic tool (general framework), plots of the growth rate and the elasticity pattern and their dependence on actual values of the reproduction parameter and the juvenile and adult survival. To illustrate the use of this framework we plot and discuss literature data on survival and/or reproduction of a few bird species with a juvenile stage of one year in the light of our modelling results.
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Nurhadiyanto, Lucky, Martua Betauli, and Abdur Rozak. "Analysis of Student Brawls in Junior High School 'X' Viewed from the Theory of Cultural Transmission." Al Qalam: Jurnal Ilmiah Keagamaan dan Kemasyarakatan 18, no. 4 (June 21, 2024): 2498. http://dx.doi.org/10.35931/aq.v18i4.3610.
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<p><em>Juvenile delinquency is a social problem that destroys the order of values that exist in society. Apart from that, juvenile delinquency can give unpleasant feelings to individuals or groups of people, such as feeling unsafe, life is not calm and peaceful and there is no peace. This research uses descriptive research methods with a qualitative approach. The analysis used in this research will use cultural transmission theory. This research uses data from literature studies, interviews and observations. This research was conducted for approximately 1 month in the South Jakarta area, precisely at SMP "X". The subjects chosen in this study were 3 teenagers who had already been involved in brawls. The background to student brawls between gangs is that there is a learning process that has made someone learn a deviant culture that exists in the social structure of society. Deviant cultural elements include dominant behavior and values held by group members which usually conflict with societal rules. Based on the results of interviews with informants A, B and C who are students from SMP "X" in South Jakarta, there are several factors that influence someone to take part in student brawls, namely emotional factors, family factors, and environmental factors both at home and school that support the student. to carry out brawls.</em></p>
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Silva, Ita de Oliveira e., Fernanda de Fátima Rodrigues da Silva, Lisieux Franco Fuzessy, Alexandre de Oliveira Tavela, Moacir Carretta Júnior, Vinícius Herold Dornelas e. Silva, Tarcízio Antônio Rego de Paula, and Vanner Boere. "Hematology and blood biochemistry in wild hybrid marmosets from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil." Ciência Rural 44, no. 9 (September 2014): 1596–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20120822.
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This paper aims to describe the hematological and biochemical values of wild hybrid marmoset (Callithrix penicillata and C. geoffroyi) found in a forest zone of Southeastern Brazil. The marmosets were anaesthetized using ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride. Blood samples (0.5-1mL) were collected through the venipuncture of the femoral vein. Hematological and biochemical analyses were performed using automated counters and biochemical kits. The comparison for sex (adult males vs. adult females) and age class (juvenile vs. adult) physiological data and weight were analyzed through Student's t-test for independent samples. Significant differences between sex were observed in erythrocytes (P<0.01) and hemoglobin (P<0.05). The present study provides essential baseline information on the normal blood values of wild hybrid marmosets, the data of which are not readily accessible from the existing body of scientific literature on nonhuman primates.
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Andrean, Tonny, David Ming, and Novita Loma Sahertian. "Divorce in the Side of a Marriage Counselling Values." European Journal of Theology and Philosophy 1, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/theology.2021.1.1.1.
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At the annual conference of The American Psychiatric Association (APA) in Miami, there was a workshop entitled "Family Crisis". The results of a study said that in the last 30 years, 60% of families in the United States ended in divorce, and 70% of their children did not develop well, behave deviant or antisocial. For example seen juvenile delinquency, abuse of NAZA (Narcotics, Alcohol, and other Addictive Substances), promiscuity, deviant sexual behavior and so on. It was also stated that divorce rates are increasing, marriages are decreasing because many people choose to live together without marriage or single life and free sex. Disloyalty (abuse) among families in the US turned out not to be the monopoly of husbands alone, but 40% of the wives there were also involved in affair with third parties. Of the five marriages in the first five years, three divorces occurred. The author gives the purpose of writing to discuss the crisis in the household, rebuild the household and give Christian values in counteracting divorce. The author uses descriptive literature research method data and provides research results: How a harmonious family can be established dynamically if we base our family building on the basis of strong Christian spirituality values accompanied by a fabric of good communication between us and our children. Surprisingly few studies have explored the implications of divorce happened because family can not be established, especially in young adulthood. This study addresses several theoretical arguments linking divorce in the side of spiritual value with reduced religious involvement in young adulthood and tests relevant hypotheses using data from a unique sample. Results show that divorce in the side of spiritual value is associated with substantially lower communicate religious involvement among young adults in their families house.
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Anwar, Muh Fauzan, Devi Triyana, Ayu Purnama Sari, Novayagori Tarmizi, and Ayrin Eka Putri A. "Analysis Of The Role Of Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, Sipakainge' As Cultural Values For Juvenile Crime Cases In Panakukkang Sub-District, Makassar City." Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi 4, no. 10 (October 25, 2023): 1606–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/jist.v4i10.746.
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This research aims to 1. Find out how the community understands the cultural values of Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, and Sipakainge' in Panakkukang District, Makassar City. 2. Analyze the role of Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, and Sigunakannge' in cases of juvenile crime in Panakkukang District, Makassar City. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach to reveal the real situation in implementing the cultural values of Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, and Sipakainge' by the people of Panakkukang District, Makassar City. The subjects of this research were informants who were taken by purposive sampling from the community, cultural experts, and government officials in Panakkukang District, Makassar City. Data and information collection techniques were carried out through interviews (in-depth interviews), participatory observation, as well as document studies and literature studies. The results of the study were then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this research show that the cultural values of Sipakatau, Sipakalebbi, and Sipakainge' as a way of life for the Makassar Bugis community have a very large role in preventing intolerant behavior in the Makassar Bugis community
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Ozkan, Turgut, Stephen J. Clipper, Alex R. Piquero, Michael Baglivio, and Kevin Wolff. "Predicting Sexual Recidivism." Sexual Abuse 32, no. 4 (June 6, 2019): 375–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063219852944.
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The current study focuses on adolescents with sex offense histories and examines sexual reoffending patterns within 2 years of a prior sex offense. We employed inductive statistical models using archival official records maintained by the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice (FDJJ), which provides social, offense, placement, and risk assessment history data for all youth referred for delinquent behavior. The predictive accuracy of the random forest models is tested using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves, the area under the curve (AUC), and precision/recall plots. The strongest predictor of sexual recidivism was the number of prior felony and misdemeanor sex offenses. The AUC values range between 0.71 and 0.65, suggesting modest predictive accuracy of the models presented. These results parallel the existing literature on sexual recidivism and highlight the challenges associated with predicting sex offense recidivism. Furthermore, results inform risk assessment literature by testing various factors recorded by an official institution.
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Todorović, Nebojša, Ivana Živanović, Dragica Vilotić, and Goran Milić. "Radial variability of wood density and fibre length in the red oak trees (Quercus rubra L.)." Sustainable Forestry: Collection, no. 85-86 (2022): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor2285075t.
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Wood density and fibre length are two wood properties that are important in determining the quality of wood for commercial use. The fibre length of red oak has not been studied to the same extent as in other oak species. The aim of this paper is to explore the anatomical variation and wood density of red oak wood, as valuable information for researchers in other fields. Samples were taken in a 60-year-old red oak stand in the south part of Belgrade on the site of Stepin Lug. Along the south radius, the disc samples of 20 x 20 mm were cut from the sapwood, mature and juvenile wood. Ovendry density and fibre length were measured from the pith to the bark. According to the obtained data, the average oven-dry density of wood per radius is 0.694 g/cm3 . The lowest is in the juvenile wood and ranges from 0.628 to 0.681 g/cm3 , then in the part of sapwood - 0.662 g/cm3 , and the highest is in the mature wood where the density ranges from 0.707 to 0.740 g/cm3 . The presented values show certain differences, but also conform to literature data on the density of some industrial species from the genus Quercus L. The obtained results of the wood fibre length show that it varies from 0.99 to 1.33 mm which was measured in mature wood. The average length in a mature zone is 1.26 (1.16-1.33) mm, while in a juvenile area the average length is 1.02 (0.85-1.23) mm. Based on the known wood fibre length, it is possible to determine the density of red oak wood. In this research, a positive influence was determined in both parts of the tree, juvenile and mature, but a better mathematical dependence was obtained in the mature zone.
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Malizia, Nicola. "Intra-family mafia pedagogy: the role of juvenile justice and social work in Italy." Sociology and Social Work Review 6, no. 2 (December 29, 2022): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.58179/sswr6204.
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The sociological and legal literature on the subject of mafia acculturation within the family has repeatedly urged the intervention of the institutions to operate both in the social field, through adequate support networks, and in the judicial field, through measures against the so-called 'children of the mafia' who, from an early age, become the recipients of a mafia pedagogy, aimed, over time, at preparing them for anti-legal and anti-social conducts and which denies them, in fact, the achievement of an existential and working autonomy with the aim of freeing them from the criminal culture. This study, therefore, after investigating the mechanisms of such acculturation, the deviant perspectives, the role of the Social Services, the quality of the disvalues imparted and oriented towards the demolition of the culture of democracy, the breaking of laws, and the failure to respect social values and norms, has also attempted to verify the possibility of constructing a truly effective legal, organizational and social model that would address - from a systematic perspective - the phenomenon of the involvement of minors in criminal associations and the suggestion exerted by certain imposed intra-family mafia cultural models, as well as the tools to protect the fundamental right of the minor to receive a responsible upbringing, consistent with constitutional values and civil coexistence, which can only be achieved through a process of harmonization of the civil law regulations governing parental responsibility and parental authority proceedings.
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Dimitrakakis, Nikolaos, Anna Waterhouse, Shanda Lightbown, Daniel C. Leslie, Amanda Jiang, Dana E. Bolgen, Kayla Lightbown, et al. "Biochemical and Hematologic Reference Intervals for Anesthetized, Female, Juvenile Yorkshire Swine." Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30802/aalas-jaalas-21-000014.
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Swine are widely used in biomedical research, translational research, xenotransplantation, and agriculture. For these uses, physiologic reference intervals are extremely important for assessing the health status of the swine and diagnosing disease. However, few biochemical and hematologic reference intervals that comply with guidelines from the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology are available for swine. These guidelines state that reference intervals should be determined by using 120 subjects or more. The aim of this study was to generate hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for female, juvenile Yorkshire swine (Sus scrofa domesticus) and to compare these values with those for humans and baboons (Papio hamadryas). Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery or vein of female, juvenile Yorkshire swine, and standard hematologic and biochemical parameters were analyzed in multiple studies. Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals were calculated for arterial blood samples from Yorkshire swine (n = 121 to 124); human and baboon reference intervals were obtained from the literature. Arterial reference intervals for Yorkshire swine differed significantly from those for humans and baboons in all commonly measured parameters except platelet count, which did not differ significantly from the human value, and glucose, which was not significantly different from the baboon value. These data provide valuable information for investigators using female, juvenile Yorkshire swine for biomedical re- search, as disease models, and in xenotransplantation studies as well as useful physiologic information for veterinarians and livestock producers. Our findings highlight the need for caution when comparing data and study outcomes between species.
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Fries, Anders, and Tore Ericsson. "Estimating Genetic Parameters for Wood Density of Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)." Silvae Genetica 55, no. 1-6 (December 1, 2006): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2006-0013.
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Abstract Wood density was analysed and annual ring width was measured on increment cores from 1400 trees in a 30-year-old full-sib progeny test of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in north Sweden. Genetic parameters for wood density were analysed separately for ten outer annual rings, and for simple averages of the five most recent years. The evaluation included genetic correlations with height and stem diameter. Heritabilities of density estimated separately for each annual ring was 0.14-0.26 without any age trend, and jointly for the ten or five latest rings 0.30-0.33; for height growth it was 0.30-0.42 and for stem diameter 0.11-0.13. Additive genetic correlations with height and stem diameter were negative with the simplest statistical model (ȓA = -0.425 and 0.511, respectively) but vanished or diminished when ring width was added as covariate. Density breeding values calculated for the parent trees for each of ten annual rings separately varied considerably between parent trees and between years, tending to increase with increasing age, with a substantial increase between the ages 14 to 16 years from the pith. This age fits well with literature data on the change from juvenile to mature wood. The genetic correlation for wood density between rings from different years was high: ȓA = 0.8 ten years apart, increasing to 1.0 for neighbouring rings. The high genetic correlations for wood density between the innermost and outermost annual rings indicate possible strong covariation between juvenile and/or transition wood and mature wood. The annual variation in wood density in relation to genetic regulation, phenology, environmental conditions, and development from juvenile to mature age is discussed.
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Arimurti, Anggraini Sukma, and Irwan Baadilla. "Pesan Moral Komik Jihad Selfie Karya Nur Huda Ismail dan Bambang Wahyudi Serta Implikasinya Dalam Pembalajaran Sastra." Cetta: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 6, no. 3 (July 14, 2023): 552–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/cetta.v6i3.2556.
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Moral values are part of character education which should be taught through various practical actions in the learning process that aim to make a better person because good morals will also produce a good personality. There will be no moral decline and juvenile delinquency or students. This study aims to determine the moral message of the main character in the Jihad Selfie comic and its implications for learning in high school. The research data were obtained from dialogues, monologues, and character images in the Jihad Selfie comic. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique used in this study the observation, note-taking, and documentation techniques. The research analysis results are more dominant in the values of self-control and respect. This study concludes that the main character conveys a moral message of the importance of humans being able to control themselves when taking actions and always respecting parents in making decisions. This moral value has a positive value so that it can be used as teaching material in learning literature in high school.
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Samsudin, Anam, and Mislawi Yadi Adirasa. "The Importance of the Younger Generation in Combating the Dangers of Juvenile Delinquency." JOEY: Journal of English Ibrahimy 2, no. 2 (August 14, 2023): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35316/joey.2023.v2i2.19-28.
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This research explored the pivotal role of the younger generation in addressing the dangers associated with juvenile delinquency. The study examined the multifaceted benefits of involving youth in preventative and intervention strategies to curb delinquent behaviors. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis, the research highlighted key findings. 1) Early intervention and prevention programs targeting at-risk youth offer a promising approach to disrupting the trajectory of delinquent behaviors. Engaging the younger generation through mentorship, education, and community involvement equips them with essential life skills and values that act as deterrents. 2)The influence of peers and positive role models plays a vital role in shaping behavior. 3) Empowering young individuals to take ownership of change promotes a sense of responsibility and agency. 4) The effective communication methods employed by the youth, such as social media, facilitate the dissemination of anti-delinquency messages. The research emphasized the long-term societal impact of involving the youth. By nurturing responsible, empathetic individuals, society sets the stage for sustained positive change, as engaged youth transition into responsible adults who contribute positively to their communities. Collaborative approaches that involve young individuals in understanding the root causes of delinquency led to more comprehensive solutions. The active involvement of the younger generation through early intervention, positive peer influence, empowerment, effective communication, and community collaboration not only addresses immediate challenges but also shapes a future defined by safer communities and responsible citizenship.
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Niță, Victor, Magda Nenciu, and Valentina Coatu. "Suitability and Sensitivity of Golden Grey Mullet Chelon auratus (Risso, 1810) as a Reference Fish Species for Ecotoxicity Tests in the Black Sea." Toxics 10, no. 5 (April 28, 2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10050222.
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In recent years, hydrocarbon exploration and production operations have intensified in the Black Sea. Alongside growth in exploration and production activities, the influence of chemical usage across multiple industrial sectors within the Black Sea environment has become increasingly interesting. The aim of this research was to define a protocol for determining the acute toxicity of chemicals using the golden grey mullet, Chelon auratus (Risso, 1810), a native pelagic fish species of the Black Sea. Juvenile golden grey mullets were exposed for 96 h, under semi-static conditions, to dilutions of the reference toxicant 3,5-Dichlorophenol. Results from three reference toxicity tests (LC50 = 1.25 mg/L, 1.739 mg/L, and 1.409 mg/L) indicated that C. auratus is of moderate sensitivity when compared to literature values from EPAs Ecotox database. The protocol described within is intended to ensure Black Sea native organisms are represented by standard hazard assessment practices.
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Wales, Katie. "Charles Dickens, children’s author: Narrative as rhetoric in A Child’s History of England." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 31, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09639470211072170.
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Despite the importance of child characters in the novels of Charles Dickens, his association with children’s literature is often forgotten, and his A Child’s History of England, first published in instalments in his journal Household Words ( January 1851 to December 1853), has frequently been ignored by critics. The aim of this article is to re-evaluate its achievement as an extended piece of story-telling, taking into account the particular context of the writing of juvenile histories in the early 19th century and their likely readership. My approach takes as its starting point Phelan’s (2017) framework which views narrative as a rhetorical action, and which is focused on purpose, resources and audience. I propose two main resources or strategies, interlocutory role-play and dramatization, which contribute to the work’s distinctive style; at the same time as they confirm the narrator’s ethical values as a historian for children.
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Kooi, B. W., and J. van der Meer. "Bifurcation theory, adaptive dynamics and dynamic energy budget-structured populations of iteroparous species." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 365, no. 1557 (November 12, 2010): 3579–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2010.0173.
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In this paper, we describe a technique to evaluate the evolutionary dynamics of the timing of spawning for iteroparous species. The life cycle of the species consists of three life stages, embryonic, juvenile and adult whereby the transitions of life stages (gametogenesis, birth and maturation) occur at species-specific sizes. The dynamics of the population is studied in a semi-chemostat environment where the inflowing food concentration is periodic (annual). A dynamic energy budget-based continuous-time model is used to describe the uptake of the food, storage in reserves and allocation of the energy to growth, maintenance, development (embryos, juveniles) and reproduction (adults). A discrete-event process is used for modelling reproduction. At a fixed spawning date of the year, the reproduction buffer is emptied and a new cohort is formed by eggs with a fixed size and energy content. The population consists of cohorts: for each year one consisting of individuals with the same age which die after their last reproduction event. The resulting mathematical model is a finite-dimensional set of ordinary differential equations with fixed 1-year periodic boundary conditions yielding a stroboscopic map. We will study the evolutionary development of the population using the adaptive dynamics approach. The trait is the timing of spawning. Pairwise and mutual invasibility plots are calculated using bifurcation analysis of the stroboscopic map. The evolutionary singular strategy value belonging to the evolutionary endpoint for the trait allows for an interpretation of the reproduction strategy of the population. In a case study, parameter values from the literature for the bivalve Macoma balthica are used.
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Saifuddin, Ahmad. "Islamic Counseling to Improve Quality of Parenting Pattern." KONSELING RELIGI Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam 10, no. 1 (June 26, 2019): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/kr.v10i1.3852.
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<p><span>So many problems that occur in children and adolescents, one of which is the increased juvenile delinquency. One of the factors of the problem is the low quality of care or parenting. This article aims to discuss the role of Islamic counseling in improving the quality of care pattern, using qualitative approach then analyze it with literature study method. As a result, parents still have poor parenting skills. In addition, religious knowledge also plays an important role in the practice of parenting. Therefore, Islamic counseling becomes a solution to overcome the problem of parenting. On the one side, Islamic counseling has a role to improve parenting skills. On the other side, Islamic counseling plays a role in improving the ability of parents to internalize religious values in themselves and children. This roles can do with explain religion and parenting concept use counseling and psychology paradigm. There is integration between them.</span></p>
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Scullion, Adrienne. "‘And So This Is What Happened’: War Stories in New Plays for Children." New Theatre Quarterly 21, no. 4 (October 19, 2005): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x05000199.
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In this essay Adrienne Scullion explores the representation of war – and in particular of the Second World War – in contemporary theatre for children, considering how the narrative and performative conventions of drama communicate ideas about the conflict to young audiences. She argues that a taxonomy identified in relation to juvenile war literature – discourses of testimony and documentary, propaganda and escapism, myth and metaphor – resonates just as significantly in drama. This proposition is investigated in readings of three recent plays – Stephen Greenhorn's King Matt (TAG, 2001), David Greig's Dr Korczak's Example (TAG, 2001), and Nicola McCartney's Lifeboat (Catherine Wheels, 2002). She proposes that all three plays make different use of the conventions of telling war stories and those of theatrical performance to represent and describe war and, thereby, to explore contemporary values and expressions of citizenship – a declared goal of public policy-making in the UK. Adrienne Scullion teaches in the Department of Theatre, Film and Television Studies at the University of Glasgow.
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Kim, Ji-Won, Mi-Hyun Ahn, Ju-Yang Jung, Chang-Hee Suh, and Hyoun-Ah Kim. "An Update on the Pathogenic Role of Neutrophils in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Adult-Onset Still’s Disease." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 13038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313038.
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Neutrophils are innate immune phagocytes that play a key role in immune defense against invading pathogens. The main offensive mechanisms of neutrophils are the phagocytosis of pathogens, release of granules, and production of cytokines. The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been described as a novel defense mechanism in the literature. NETs are a network of fibers assembled from chromatin deoxyribonucleic acid, histones, and neutrophil granule proteins that have the ability to kill pathogens, while they can also cause toxic effects in hosts. Activated neutrophils with NET formation stimulate autoimmune responses related to a wide range of inflammatory autoimmune diseases by exposing autoantigens in susceptible individuals. The association between increased NET formation and autoimmunity was first reported in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-related vasculitis, and the role of NETs in various diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis, has since been elucidated in research. Herein, we discuss the mechanistic role of neutrophils, including NETs, in the pathogenesis of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) and adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD), and provide their clinical values as biomarkers for monitoring and prognosis.
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Altobelli, Emma, Paolo Matteo Angeletti, Reimondo Petrocelli, Giuseppe Lapergola, Giovanni Farello, Giovanni Cannataro, and Luciana Breda. "Serum Calprotectin a Potential Biomarker in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 21 (October 22, 2021): 4861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10214861.
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Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common inflammatory chronic disease affecting children and adolescents. Today, there are no specific biomarkers of inflammation. Therefore, it is important to identify new markers as predictors of disease activity. Recently, some researchers have directed their interest toward a protein, calprotectin (CLP), as a potential biomarker. The primary objective of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the possible role of CLP in JIA. Method: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Science Direct on 10 August 2021. The selection of studies was made using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Cohen’s d with 95% CI and p-value were used as a measure of effect size. The random effects model was used to account for different sources of variation among studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using Q statistics and I2. The publication bias was analyzed and represented by a funnel plot, and funnel plot symmetry was assessed with Egger’s test. Results: Our results at follow-up showed a statistically significant difference between patients with active disease compared to patients with inactive disease: 0.39 (0.16; 0.62), p = 0.001; without statistical heterogeneity. Another important aspect that emerged were the differences between the systemic disease form and any form of inactive disease showing a different concentration of calprotectin: 0.74 (0.40; 1.08), p < 0.001; without statistical heterogeneity. On the other hand, meta-regression analyses performed on gender, age, duration of disease, percentage of patients with ANA+ or RF+, medium value of ESR or CRP were not statistically significant. A statistically significant difference in serum calprotectin concentration between patients with JIA and healthy controls were observed. In fact, it presented lower values in the control group. Conclusions: The use of serum CLP could represent, in the future, a useful tool in JIA in order to stratify disease activity more accurately and may aid a more tailored approach to drug of choice in children with JIA. Further studies are needed to evaluate CLP as a predictor of flare in combination with other potential biomarkers of subclinical disease activity.
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Taimia Sabiha and Qudsia Jabeen. "بچوں کے انگریزی ادب میں اسلامی تہذیب و ثقافت کی ترویج: منتخب کہانی نگار خواتین کی کاوشوں کا جائزہ." FIKR-O NAZAR فکر ونظر 59, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 9–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52541/fn.v59i2.1390.
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Children’s literature has always been created and published due to its importance to the aesthetical, cultural, and educational needs of young brains. It is purposefully written not only for pleasure and fun but also to teach fundamental socio-cultural values and develop early academic concepts. A voluminous juvenile literature has been produced in the English language for more than a century. However, it was dominated by British-American culture in its context, structure, vocabulary, presentation and even illustration. On the other hand, the growing number of immigrants and children who read English stories worldwide, either for learning or fun, felt it hard to relate themselves to the cultural settings of these stories. Eventually, this need drove giant publishers like Oxford, Cambridge, Macmillan, Scholastic Inc., and others to incorporate diversity and multi-ethnicity in their publications, rather than to make them Euro-American-centric. In general, Muslims—being a significant community in English speaking world—have been striving to maintain their religious identity, while attempting to assimilate into the majority culture. In addition to their various endeavours, from the dawn of the twenty-first century a significant number of women have started writing various fictional, non-fictional, illustrated, and non-illustrated books for children of different ages. In this context, this study provides an overview of women’s contributions to the promulgation of Islamic culture and civilization, using the children’s literature in the English language as their tool.
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Oktonika, Edisa. "Kontribusi Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam Mengembangkan Kesadaran Beragama Pada Remaja di Abad 21." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI HUMANIORA 5, no. 3 (March 13, 2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sh.v5i3.375.
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<p><em>A</em><em>bstrak</em><strong> -</strong> <strong>Pada abad ke 21, kenakalan remaja semakin mengkhawatirkan. Saat ini, banyak ditemukan kenakalan remaja yang bukan lagi disebut kenakalan remaja biasa, namun perilaku penyimpangan kenakalan yang dilakukan remaja telah melanggar hukum dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat. Terjadinya fenomena kenakalan remaja tersebut menjadi bukti dari remaja sekarang telah jauh dari nilai-nilai moral dan kurangnya kesadaran hidup beragama. Kesadaran beragama pada diri remaja merupakan peran yang sangat penting dalam pengembangan moral mereka, karena nilai-nilai moral yang datang dari agama itu stabil dan konstan, kesadaran beragama juga tidak hanya mendasari perilaku yang terlihat, tetapi juga mewarnai sikap, pikiran dan keinginan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kesadaran padada remaja di abad 21. </strong><strong>Metode</strong><strong> yang</strong><strong> digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan, Studi pustakaan merupakan serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 12 Bandung. </strong><strong>P</strong><strong>opulasi pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII tahun ajaran 2019/2020. </strong><strong>Pe</strong><strong>ngambilan sampel penelitian </strong><strong>ini </strong><strong>dengan cara <em>purposive sampling </em>yang<em> </em>bertujuan agar sampel yang diambil dapat mewakili populasi sehingga diperoleh informasi yang cukup untuk mengestimasi populasinya</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui dokumentasi, yaitu mencari data mengenai hal-hal atau variabel yang berupa catatan, buku, makalah atau artikel. </strong><strong>A</strong><strong>nalisis data adalah metode analisis isi (<em>Content Analysis</em>)<em>. </em></strong><strong>Strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan potensi keberagamaan remaja yaitu metode keteladanan, metode pembiasaan, metode menasehati, metode pengamat dan pengawasan. dengan strategi tersebut diharapkan remaja berkembang kesadaran beragama sesuai fitrah-Nya.</strong></p><p><em>Abstract</em> <strong>–</strong> <strong>In the 21st century, juvenile delinquency is increasingly worrying. Nowadays, there are many juvenile delinquents who are no longer called juvenile delinquents, but the behavior of juvenile delinquency has violated the laws and norms prevailing in the society. The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency is evidence that adolescents are now far from moral values and lack of awareness of religious life. Religious awareness in adolescents is a very important role in their moral development because moral values that come from religion are stable and constant, religious awareness also not only underlies visible behavior but also colors attitudes, thoughts, and desires. This study aims to develop awareness in adolescents in the 21st century. The method used in this research is the study of literature, the study of literature is a series of activities relating to the method of data collection. The study was conducted at 12th Junior High School Bandung. The population in this study were students of class VIII in the 2019/2020 school year. A Sampling of this study by means of purposive sampling that aims so that the samples taken can represent the population so that enough information is obtained to estimate the population. The data collection technique in this research is through documentation, which is looking for data about things or variables in the form of notes, books, papers or articles. Data analysis is a content analysis method. Strategies that can be used to develop the potential for adolescent religious diversity are exemplary, habituation, counseling, observer and supervisory methods. With this strategy, it is expected that adolescents develop religious awareness according to nature.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> - <em>Guidance and counseling, Religious Consciousness, Adolescent</em></p>
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Oktonika, Edisa. "Kontribusi Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam Mengembangkan Kesadaran Beragama Pada Remaja di Abad 21." JURNAL Al-AZHAR INDONESIA SERI HUMANIORA 5, no. 3 (April 25, 2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/sh.v5i3.389.
Full textAbstract:
<p><em>A</em><em>bstrak</em><strong> -</strong> <strong>Pada abad ke 21, kenakalan remaja semakin mengkhawatirkan. Saat ini, banyak ditemukan kenakalan remaja yang bukan lagi disebut kenakalan remaja biasa, namun perilaku penyimpangan kenakalan yang dilakukan remaja telah melanggar hukum dan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat. Terjadinya fenomena kenakalan remaja tersebut menjadi bukti dari remaja sekarang telah jauh dari nilai-nilai moral dan kurangnya kesadaran hidup beragama. Kesadaran beragama pada diri remaja merupakan peran yang sangat penting dalam pengembangan moral mereka, karena nilai-nilai moral yang datang dari agama itu stabil dan konstan, kesadaran beragama juga tidak hanya mendasari perilaku yang terlihat, tetapi juga mewarnai sikap, pikiran dan keinginan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kesadaran padada remaja di abad 21. </strong><strong>Metode</strong><strong> yang</strong><strong> digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan, Studi pustakaan merupakan serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 12 Bandung. </strong><strong>P</strong><strong>opulasi pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII tahun ajaran 2019/2020. </strong><strong>Pe</strong><strong>ngambilan sampel penelitian </strong><strong>ini </strong><strong>dengan cara <em>purposive sampling </em>yang<em> </em>bertujuan agar sampel yang diambil dapat mewakili populasi sehingga diperoleh informasi yang cukup untuk mengestimasi populasinya</strong><strong>.</strong><strong> Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui dokumentasi, yaitu mencari data mengenai hal-hal atau variabel yang berupa catatan, buku, makalah atau artikel. </strong><strong>A</strong><strong>nalisis data adalah metode analisis isi (<em>Content Analysis</em>)<em>. </em></strong><strong>Strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan potensi keberagamaan remaja yaitu metode keteladanan, metode pembiasaan, metode menasehati, metode pengamat dan pengawasan. dengan strategi tersebut diharapkan remaja berkembang kesadaran beragama sesuai fitrah-Nya.</strong></p><p><em>Abstract</em> <strong>–</strong> <strong>In the 21st century, juvenile delinquency is increasingly worrying. Nowadays, there are many juvenile delinquents who are no longer called juvenile delinquents, but the behavior of juvenile delinquency has violated the laws and norms prevailing in the society. The phenomenon of juvenile delinquency is evidence that adolescents are now far from moral values and lack of awareness of religious life. Religious awareness in adolescents is a very important role in their moral development because moral values that come from religion are stable and constant, religious awareness also not only underlies visible behavior but also colors attitudes, thoughts, and desires. This study aims to develop awareness in adolescents in the 21st century. The method used in this research is the study of literature, the study of literature is a series of activities relating to the method of data collection. The study was conducted at 12th Junior High School Bandung. The population in this study were students of class VIII in the 2019/2020 school year. A Sampling of this study by means of purposive sampling that aims so that the samples taken can represent the population so that enough information is obtained to estimate the population. The data collection technique in this research is through documentation, which is looking for data about things or variables in the form of notes, books, papers or articles. Data analysis is a content analysis method. Strategies that can be used to develop the potential for adolescent religious diversity are exemplary, habituation, counseling, observer and supervisory methods. With this strategy, it is expected that adolescents develop religious awareness according to nature.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> - <em>Guidance and counseling, Religious Consciousness, Adolescent</em></p>
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Niswatul Baroroh and Nurussakinah Daulay. "The Ability of Group Counseling Guidance Services to Prevent Customary Behavior Using a Self-Counseling Approach." Journal for Lesson and Learning Studies 6, no. 1 (March 11, 2023): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jlls.v6i1.58650.
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The characteristics of adolescents include a period of search for exploration so that adolescents act according to their wishes. However, sometimes adults perceive this as juvenile delinquency. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Group Guidance services using self-counseling techniques to reduce misconduct. Quantitative research type. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group research design. The total population of the study was 69 students in class XII MAN. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The data collection techniques were literature study, interviews, questionnaires, and observation. The data collection instrument used a questionnaire sheet. Data analysis techniques using descriptive qualitative analysis, quantitative, and inferential statistics. The study's results proved a significant decrease in the pre and post-scores of the experimental group. In comparison, the results in the control group showed a significant decrease in pre and post-values. It was concluded that there was an insignificant decrease in inappropriate behavior if students were not given self-counseling techniques, while students who were given group guidance treatment with self-counseling techniques had a significant decrease.
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Luthfiyah, Rifa. "Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter pada Generasi Islam Milenial." TARBAWI 9, no. 1 (October 6, 2020): 59–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36781/tarbawi.v9i1.3109.
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Abstract The nation's character is a unique behavior that is reflected in a person. In this era, the character of the nation is experiencing a decline by various factors so as to form an uneducated generation, such as juvenile delinquency, brawls between students who create unrest in society and even fall into drug use. This character education is very necessary for the current generation of millennial Islam, because basically the millennial generation of Islam is the generation of national mobilizers who will become reformers and be the successors of leadership in the future. This study aims to (1), find out how the application of character education is appropriate for millennial Islamic generation, (2), find out the factors that influence the deterioration of character in millennial Islamic generation. This study uses qualitative methods with explanations from various literature studies and through information from respondents. Based on the results of the above research, the application of character education in this millennial generation can be practiced in the learning process, by integrating the learning process with the values of character education in learning, such as religious, honest, tolerant, etc. It is hoped that the millennial generation of Islam will not only be able to understand theories, but will also be able to apply these values in everyday life.Keywords: Implementation, Character Education, Millennial Generation.
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Wardani, Yosy Kusuma, and Karkono. "Patologi Sosial dalam Novel Dua Garis Biru Karya Lucia Priandarini." JoLLA: Journal of Language, Literature, and Arts 1, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 343–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um064v1i32021p343-355.
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Abstract: This study focused on forms of social pathology. Dua Garis Biru's novel tells a story about teenage life who commit deviation. The deviations committed by teenagers in Dua Garis Biru's novel are juvenile delinquency, dating, sexual relations before marriage, and early-age marriage. The deviant actions will give knowledge about the importance of sex education and the importance of communication between parents so that it can increase the discussion about sexuality to the children who are already teenagers. The method of the study was qualitative descriptive. The data collection technique was a literature study by collecting books and other sources related to the problems of the study. The results of the study show that Dua Garis Biru's novel show several forms of social pathology: Bima, who likes to skip school; Dara and Bima, who have dating until they have sexual relations before marriage; and Dara, who attempts to abort the fetus. Based on the results of the study, some suggestions are delivered to the readers and further researchers. For readers, they can take positive values from Dua Garis Biru's novel. For further researchers, it is expected that it can be used as a reference for the description of social pathology in Indonesian literary works.
Keywords: pathology, Dua Garis Biru Novel, juvenile delinquency
Abstrak: Penelitian ini fokus pada bentuk patologi sosial. Novel Dua Garis Biru mengangkat cerita mengenai kehidupan remaja yang melakukan penyimpangan. Penyimpangan yang dilakukan oleh remaja pada novel Dua Garis Biru ini adalah juvenile delinquency, pacaran, hubungan seksual di luar nikah, dan pernikahan dini. perbuatan-perbuatan menyimpang ini akan memberikan pengetahuan mengenai pentingnya edukasi seks dan pentingnya komunikasi antara orangtua agar dapat meningkatkan diskusi mengenai seksualitas kepada anak-anak yang sudah beranjak remaja. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka, dengan cara mengumpulkan buku-buku dan sumber-sumber lain yang terkait dengan masalah penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa novel Dua Garis Biru menempatkan beberapa bentuk patologi sosial, seperti: Bima yang suka membolos, Dara dan Bima yang berpacaran sampai melakukan hubungan seksual di luar nikah, dan percobaan Dara untuk menggugurkan janin yang dikandungnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, beberapa saran disampaikan kepada pembaca dan peneliti selanjutnya. Bagi pembaca agar bisa mengambil pelajaran nilai-nilai positif dari novel Dua Garis Biru. Bagi peneliti selanjutnya diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai referensi mengenai gambaran patologi sosial dalam karya sastra Indonesia.
Kata kunci: patologi, Novel Dua Garis Biru, juvenile delinquency
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Poff, N. LeRoy, and Alexander D. Huryn. "Multi-scale determinants of secondary production in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) streams." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55, S1 (January 1, 1998): 201–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/d98-013.
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Understanding variation in the freshwater production of Atlantic salmon across its range is a critical aspect of the species' conservation, restoration, and management. We focus on how environmental factors operate at four hierarchical scales (region, watershed, reach, local habitat) to influence the production and survivorship of juvenile salmon and the production of their invertebrate food base. Using published, quantitative information about invertebrate production in small, cold streams characteristic of Altantic salmon nursery streams, we estimate expected maximum salmon production will be ca. 9 (range 6-22)g wet mass · m-2 · year -1, which compares favorably with reported literature values of < 1 to 17 g · m-2. We highlight some empirically based, shortcut approaches to estimating invertebrate production that may be particularly useful for evaluating salmonid production across a range of scales. We also consider how availability of invertebrate prey may influence salmon production. As a synthesis, we integrate existing information into a multi-scale framework by making qualitative predictions (hypotheses) about expected patterns of invertebrate and salmon production at different habitat scales. We then develop quantitative, heuristic scenarios that predict (hypothesize) how salmon and invertebrate production will change in response to selected physicochemical and non-trophic habitat limitations operating at the watershed (geology, land use) and reach (channel form, canopy) scales. Predicted values, which fall within the range of observed values for Atlantic salmon streams, demonstrate that a multi-scale habitat perspective can provide important insights into local to regional variation in the production of Atlantic salmon across its range and thus contribute to Atlantic salmon conservation, restoration, and management.
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Hadi, Rosewitha Anggraeni Privieshanti, Elly Tuti Winarni, Dian Bhagawati, and Agus Nuryanto. "Morphological Differences between Chaetodon auriga and Chaetodon vagabundus based on Truss Morphometric Characters." Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education 13, no. 3 (December 10, 2021): 297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/biosaintifika.v13i3.31466.
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Chaetodon auriga and Chaetodon vagabundus are popular marine aquaria fish from Cahetodontidae family. Both species show subtle morphological variations, especially in juvenile stages, which might lead to misidentification. Additional morphological characteristics, such as truss morphometric, are valuable characters for species identification in Chaetodontidae. This study aimed to evaluate morphological differences between Chaetodon auriga and C. vagabundus based on truss morphometric characters. The study is expected to provide new morphometric characters for Chaetodon auriga and C. vagabundus differentiation on the southern coast of West Java, Indonesia. Fish samples were collected from Ujunggenteng and Taman Manalusu Beach. The specimens were identified based on morphological characteristics and referred to the characters available in the literature. Truss morphometric characters were measured using callipers with an accuracy of 0.01mm and convert to ratio values to obtain constant value. The data were analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney test in SPSS software packages. The result showed that five truss morphometric characters were significantly different between C. auriga and C.vagabundus. This study concluded that C. auriga and C. vagabundus could be differentiated using truss morphometric character. This study provides five new morphometric characters for species differentiation in fish species, especially between C. auriga and C. vagabundus.
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Ballantyne, Ashley P., Michael T. Brett, and Daniel E. Schindler. "The importance of dietary phosphorus and highly unsaturated fatty acids for sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) growth in Lake Washington a bioenergetics approach." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f02-166.
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Juvenile sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Lake Washington experience very high growth rates, but the mechanisms regulating their growth rates are poorly understood. The potential for food quality limitation of growth was tested using a coupled bioenergetics and mass balance model. Sockeye and zooplankton prey species were analyzed for their fatty acid composition. Ratios of phosphorus to carbon (P:C) for both sockeye and zooplankton were obtained from the literature. Based on sockeye stomach contents and zooplankton weights, diets of zooplankton biomass were calculated and monthly values of specific fatty acids and P:C ratios in the diet were derived. An increase in highly unsaturated fatty acids, especially in the liver, was observed with increased fork length up to smoltification size, with a subsequent decrease in smolts and kokanee. Measurements of docosahexaenoic (DHA) in daphnids were significantly lower than in cyclopoids. Model predictions suggest that sockeye are not limited by the availability of phosphorus or eicosapentaeinoic acid (EPA) in their diet but may experience limited growth because of DHA deficiencies. Thus, the ability and efficiency of sockeye at elongating 18:3 ω3, 18:4 ω3, and EPA to DHA may be of critical importance to lacustrine growth and production.
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Buker, Hasan, and Ayhan Erbay. "Is This Kid a Likely Experimenter or a Likely Persister? An Analysis of Individual-Level and Family-Level Risk Factors Predicting Multiple Offending Among a Group of Adjudicated Youth." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 62, no. 13 (February 7, 2018): 4024–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x18755917.
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To implement effective diversion programs and determine for a well-suited intervention strategy, ascertaining who, among the adjudicated youth, is more likely to involve in multiple offending, rather than desisting after an initial delinquent behavior, is of great significance. The overall objective of this study, therefore, is to contribute to the existing knowledge on assessing the risks for multiple offending during juvenile adjudication processes. In this regard, this study examined the predicting powers of several individual-level and family-level risk factors on multiple offending during adolescence, based on a data set derived from court-ordered social examination reports (SERs) on 400 adjudicated youth in Turkey. Two binomial regression models were implemented to test the predictor values of various risk factors from these two domains. Results indicated the following as significant predictors of multiple offending among the subjects: younger age of onset in delinquency, dropping out of school, having delinquent/drug abusing (risky) friends, being not able to share problems with the family, increased number of siblings, and having a domestically migrated family. Conclusively, these findings were compared with the existing literature, and the policy implications and recommendations for future research were discussed.
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Maler, Neal, and Almoatazbellah Idriss. "ODP057 The Unusual Case of Hypercortisolism in a Patient with Juvenile Onset Hypophosphatasia." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.136.
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Abstract Juvenile onset hypophosphatasia is a rare, genetic disease that is caused by inactivating mutations in the ALPL gene which encodes tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP). This leads to decreased activity of the TNSALP enzyme in target tissues and accumulation of TNSALP substrates, including inorganic pyrophosphate, an inhibitor of mineralization. This disease is characterized by low levels of alkaline phosphatase in serum and bone, osteomalacia, and periodontal disease. Patients with juvenile onset hypophosphatasia present with premature loss of primary teeth, delayed walking, and a waddling gait. These symptoms may improve spontaneously after puberty and recur later in life. Here we report the case of a 51 year old male who presented initially to endocrinology clinic with a metatarsal stress fracture with subsequent diagnosis of osteoporosis, periodontal infections, and associated myopathy and joint calcifications. The patient also had a prior history of a low alkaline phosphatase level as a child. Genetic testing showed a single variant of undetermined significance found in the ALPA gene. Of note, recent lab work for the patient showed AM cortisol 27.7 mcg/dL (reference range 4. 0-22. 0 mcg/dL) with ACTH 60 pg/mL (reference range 6 - 50 pg/mL). Prior 24 hour urine free cortisol measurements with LC/MS have demonstrated elevated values 159 mcg/24 hr and 256 mcg/24 hr (reference range 4. 0 - 50. 0 mcg/24 hr) . However, most recent testing demonstrated 24 hour urine free cortisol 3.6 mcg/24 hr, and the majority of midnight salivary cortisol tests were within normal. Pituitary MRI demonstrated no abnormalities. The patient has in the past reported findings of a dorsocervical fat pad, abdominal striae, and weight gain. There is no history of diabetes mellitus or hypertension, and the patient at this time reports stable weight without current presence of a fat pad or striae. There are no clinical features of Cushing's syndrome on exam. To our knowledge, this is the second case in the literature detailing hypercortisolism in a patient with hypophosphatasia. The etiology of the hypercortisolism is likely multifactorial, with unknown association with hypophosphatasia. Based on the clinical data it appears that the patient's chronic stress, pain, and anxiety are contributing to the hypercortisolism, and that this is not a true Cushing's or cyclical Cushing's case. Repeated midnight salivary cortisol tests have excluded the possibility of Cushing's as well. Presentation: No date and time listed
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Supriadi, Udin, and Mohammad Rindu Fajar Islamy. "Development of Sīroh An-Nabawiyyah Learning Media in Fiqh Siroh Ramadhan Al-Buthi Through the Concept of NPT (Narative, Pedagological, and Theological)." JHSS (JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL STUDIES) 7, no. 1 (March 29, 2023): 072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/jhss.v7i1.7388.
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This study aims to develop the Sīroh An-Nabawiyyah Learning Media Through the Concept of Fiqh Sīroh Ramadhan Al-Buthi based on NPT (narrative, pedagogical, and theological) with the support of historical visualization. In the dimension of modernity, globalization and technological acceleration have an effect on reducing the moral morality of the younger generation. According to the contemporary Muslim scholar Prof. Dr Muhammad Sa'id Ramadhan Al-Buthi in his work Fiqh As-Sīroh recommends that the younger generation must be friends with the figure of Rasulullah SAW as an ideal role model in all aspects. Every event that happened to Rasulullah, according to Al-Buthi has pedagogical values that can be implemented in the life of a Muslim, thus giving birth to a young generation who is religious and religious. In line with Al-Buthi, Prof. Dr. Ali Jum'ah, a senior scholar of Al-Azhar Egypt, recommended that the younger generation be trained to build the paradigm of "Rosulullah SAW as a father" meaning they must consider Rasulullah as an example and uswatun hasanah. this according to him can serve to improve their character education and religiosity. In line with the above, in the view of researchers, the problems related to juvenile delinquency can be bridged by handling them by bringing them closer to pedagogical stories from the life journey of Rasulullah SAW. Through a qualitative approach with a library review technique of primary data of the historical works of the Prophet Muhammad written by contemporary Muslim scholars Prof. Dr. Ramadhan Al-Buthi entitled Fiqh As-Sīroh, as for secondary data taken from other literature such as Ar-Rahīq Al-Makhtum, Dirāsah Tahlīliyyah Li Syahshiyati Ar-Rāsul Muhammad, Sīroh Ibn Hisham, Sīroh Ibn Ishaq. This research is expected to be able to produce the development of learning media based on pedagogical values, so that every event has learning and theological values and can be contextualized with current reality. The methods that will be applied in developing this media in every story of the Prophet's journey include: 1) Visualization of images of relevant objects, 2) Narrating events and stories, 3) Analysis and discussion discussions 4) Describing pedagogical values, and 5) Describing theological values.
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Lowe, Bronwyn Margaret. "The Historical-Cultural Value of the Juvenile Collection: The McLaren Collection at the University of Melbourne and its Girls’ Books." Papers: Explorations into Children's Literature 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 56–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/pecl2012vol22no1art1126.
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In the last fifty years special collections of children’s books have received increasing attention from scholars who have started to realise the value of these books as literary and historical documents. Collections of children’s books in academic libraries across the world1 provide a sampling of the types of books children would have read in a particular period or country. The McLaren Collection of children’s books, held in the Baillieu Library at the University of Melbourne, is valuable for its varied range of children’s books. This important collection was assembled by Ian McLaren (1912- 2000), a chartered accountant and Member of Parliament who also took a particular interest in book collecting during his long and varied career. His collection comprises over 50,000 items on Australian politics, history and literature. While the majority of his collection is held by the Baillieu Library, the National Library of Australia holds his collection of local histories, church histories, business histories and organizational histories. Approximately 5000 books in the McLaren collection were classified by him as children’s books, and they are all held at the Baillieu Library. This article will consider the importance of collections of children’s books in the university library generally, and why they can be of use to scholars. It will then address the McLaren collection specifically, creating a small sampling of girls’ books from the collection to discuss the sort of books Australian girls would have been reading in the first half of the twentieth century, and the views and values that authors of this period wanted to pass on to girls. These will be used to address a broader discussion of the historical-cultural value of girls’ books in the collection.
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Wells, P., and A. Pinder. "The respiratory development of Atlantic salmon. I. Morphometry of gills, yolk sac and body surface." Journal of Experimental Biology 199, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 2725–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.199.12.2725.
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During development from larva to juvenile in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, there is a change in the anatomical potential for gas exchange among gills, body skin and yolk sac as the larvae resorb yolk, grow and develop gills. Newly hatched Atlantic salmon have poorly developed gills but do have a high skin area to mass ratio and a large well-vascularized yolk sac. Cutaneous surfaces accounted for over 95 % of the total area available for respiration in newly hatched Atlantic salmon (body mass 0.032­0.060 g). The branchial contribution to total area increased rapidly, however, so that by the end of yolk absorption (body mass 0.19­0.23 g) it constituted 22 % of the total area and overtook cutaneous surface area between 5 and 6 g wet body mass. Harmonic mean diffusion distance across the skin increased through development from 20 µm at hatch (14 µm across the yolk sac) to 70 µm in an 11 g fish. Diffusion distances across both the filaments and lamellae of the gills decreased through development, from 3.7 to 2.4 µm for lamellae and from 14.5 to 10.8 µm for filaments. The total anatomical diffusion factor (ADF, mass-specific surface area per unit diffusion distance) remained constant over early development and appeared to be higher than in adult fish. The distribution of ADF changed over early development from 50 % yolk sac, 42 % body surface and 8 % branchial in newly hatched fish to 68 % branchial and 32 % cutaneous at the end of yolk resorption. Generally, early post-hatch development of gills, ADF and some cutaneous surfaces showed high mass exponents. After yolk resorption (body mass 0.2 g), however, these coefficients were lower and closer to unity. The change in scaling at the end of yolk resorption in this study may reflect the completion of larva to juvenile metamorphosis in Atlantic salmon. Comparison between our data and values in the literature suggests that the timing of gill development is related more to developmental stage than to body size.
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Rincón‒Sandoval, Luis Alberto, and Jorge Alberto López‒Rocha. "Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) for Red Grouper (Epinephelus morio) and Associated Species in the Commercial Fishery of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico." Journal of Applied Ichthyology 2024 (April 3, 2024): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/9960996.
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The study calculated the Length-Based Spawning Potential Ratio (LB-SPR) for several species, including red grouper (Epinephelus morio), black grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci), gag grouper (M. microlepis), yellowtail snapper (Ocyurus chrysurus), lane snapper (Lutjanus synagris), hogfish (Lachnolaimus maximus), and white grunt (Haemulon plumierii). Data were obtained from the small-scale commercial fleet operating in the red grouper fishery on the Campeche Bank within the Yucatan Peninsula. Monthly records of total length (cm) from April 2017 to May 2018, totaling 10,182 fish, were collected from five fishing ports along the Yucatan Peninsula coast. Biological data, such as growth and reproductive patterns and exploitation parameters were gathered from scientific literature. The LB-SPR package on the R Core Team platform was utilized for analysis. Despite being the largest, groupers exhibited immaturity (SL50<L50) and low Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR). Red and black groupers showed particularly low SPR values (0.10 and 0.05, respectively), indicating a looming risk of local extinction. The gag grouper achieved the highest SPR value (0.26) among groupers, although it was very close to the minimum critical value (i.e., 0.20). Snappers, hogfish, and white grunt were generally captured in the adult state (SL50>L50). Yellowtail, hogfish, and white grunt displayed high SPR values (0.44, 0.72, and 0.98, respectively). Lane snapper had a low SPR (0.28) but fell within the range for maintaining satisfactory stock productivity, albeit with reduced yields. The findings emphasize the urgent need to adjust the current management framework for the red grouper fishery, focusing on improving fishing gear selectivity to address heightened pressure on both juvenile groupers and adult lane snapper. Implementing these measures is crucial to mitigate the risks of local extinction and population decline for each species.