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Truong, Thérèse Quy Thy. "Le vandalisme de l’information géographique volontaire : analyse exploratoire et proposition d’une méthodologie de détection automatique." Thesis, Paris Est, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PESC2009.
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La qualité de l'information géographique volontaire est actuellement un sujet qui questionne autant les consommateurs de données géographiques que les producteurs de données d'autorité voulant exploiter les bienfaits de la démarche collaborative. En effet, si les données cartographiques collaboratives présentent l'intérêt d'être ouvertes, contrairement à certaines bases de données géographiques officielles, celles-ci sont néanmoins sujettes à des erreurs voire à des dégradations volontaires, provoquées par des contributeurs malintentionnés. Dans ce dernier cas, on parle de vandalisme cartographique ou de carto-vandalisme. Ce phénomène est un travers de la démarche collaborative, et bien qu'il ne concerne qu'une faible portion des contributions, il peut constituer un obstacle à l'utilisation des données cartographiques participatives. Dans une démarche de qualification de l'information géographique volontaire, ce travail de thèse a plus précisément pour objectif de détecter le vandalisme dans les données collaboratives cartographiques. Dans un premier temps, il s'agit de formaliser une définition du concept de carto-vandalisme. Puis, en partant du principe que les contributions volontairement dégradées proviennent de contributeurs malveillants, nous cherchons à démontrer que la qualification des contributeurs permettant d'évaluer leurs contributions. Enfin, nos expériences explorent la capacité des méthodes d'apprentissage machine (machine learning) à détecter le carto-vandalismeThe quality of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) is currently a topic that question spatial data users as well as authoritative data producers who are willing to exploit the benefits of crowdsourcing. Contrary to most authoritative databases, the advantage of VGI provides open access to spatial data. However, VGI is prone to errors, even to deliberate defacement perpetrated by ill-intended contributors. In the latter case, we may speak of cartographic vandalism of carto-vandalism. This phenomenon is one the main downsides of crowsdsourcing, and despite the small amount of incidents, it may be a barrier to the use of collaborative spatial data. This thesis follows an approach based on VGI quality -- in particular, the objective of this work is to detect vandalism in spatial collaborative data. First, we formalize a definition of the concept of carto-vandalism. Then, assuming that corrupted spatial data come from malicious contributors, we demonstate that qualifying contributors enables to assess the corresponding contributed data. Finally, the experiments explore the ability of learning methods to detect carto-vandalism
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Labbé, Boris. "Les infractions commises au sein ou à l'encontre des services publics de transports terrestres." Tours, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOUR1002.
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L'étude des infractions commises au sein ou à l'encontre des services publics de transports terrestres se doit de mettre en lumière l'acuité de ces infractions, avant de souligner la nécessaire amélioration de leur traitement. L'acuité résulte de la situation aussi bien des infractions recensées que de celles qui sont perçues par les usagers et qui alimentent leur sentiment d'insécurité. Elle résulte également du droit applicable à ces infractions, qu'il s'agisse de leur définition ou de la procédure qui leur est applicable. La nécessité d'améliorer le traitement des infractions commises au sein ou à l'encontre des services publics de transports terrestres concerne d'abord les incriminations qui doivent prendre en compte la situation particulière de vulnérabilité existant dans ces services publics. Une refonte de la loi du 15 juillet 1845 est certainement nécessaire afin d'améliorer les moyens de lutte contre les infractions, grâce à un renforcement de l'action répressive comme préventiveThe study of the offences committed within the public services of land transport or against it must first highlight the seriousness of theses offences before emphasizing the necessary improvement to bring in their treatment. The seriousness results as much from the situation of the offences listed as from those experienced by users, nurturing feelings of insecurity. It also results from the legal response to these offences- definitions and proceedings. The need to improve the handling of the offences committed within the public services of land transport or against it concerns first of all incriminations that have to take into account the particular vulnerability existing in these public services. The rewriting of the 15 July Act is not doubt a necessity if we are to improve the means of fighting those offences by reinforcing repressive as well as preventive measures
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Passos, Medrano Hélio Iveson. "Déprédation scolaire : le politique en morceaux (Campinas - São Paulo - 1990)." Paris 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA030163.
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La these est une etude de la depredation scolaire urbaine dans les quartiers defavorises de la ville de campinas. Son objectif : demontrer qu'il existe une maniere de faire contemporaine, ce que nous pouvons appeler une negociation avec la depredation scolaireThis research is a study of urban school depredation taking place in the underprivileged neighborhoods of the city of campinas. Its objective is to conceive a contemporary concept of what can be called "negotiation with school depredation "
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Bessette, Anne. "Du vandalisme d’œuvres d’art. Enjeux et réceptions. Destructions, dégradations et interventions dans les musées en Europe et en Amérique du Nord depuis 1970." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA120.
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La dégradation ou la destruction volontaire de biens symboliques est un phénomène omniprésent dans l'histoire humaine. Souvent, les œuvres ont été endommagées parce qu’elles incarnaient des divinités, des représentants du pouvoir, un imaginaire spirituel ou social. Avec l’avènement des musées et la transformation du statut des œuvres qu’ils conservent, ce phénomène adopte de nouvelles formes.Les atteintes portées intentionnellement à l’intégrité d’œuvres d’art, lorsqu’elles se produisent dans des musées, sont porteuses d’enjeux spécifiques, que cette thèse a pour objet d’analyser. Aujourd’hui, elles sont généralement désignées par le terme de vandalisme, qui véhicule des représentations qu’il s’agit d’interroger. Cette recherche, prenant appui sur l’analyse d’un corpus de cas de vandalisme perpétrés entre 1970 et 2014 sur des œuvres exposées dans des musées d’art, en Europe et en Amérique du Nord, s’attache, dans une perspective sociologique, à examiner les ressorts de ces actes, mais aussi les diverses réactions qu’ils suscitent. Celles-ci peuvent être saisies dans leur variabilité ; la confrontation de discours et de points de vue recueillis au cours d’entretiens avec divers acteurs concernés par le phénomène contribue à porter au jour des dispositions contrastées à l’égard des œuvres d’art. L’analyse de la réception sociale de ces actions constitue une voie d’accès privilégiée pour appréhender certains mécanismes de disqualification, y compris au sein du champ artistique. Certains de ces gestes sont en effet réalisés dans une optique de création ou de dialogue artistique : ils font ici l’objet d’une attention particulière en raison de ce qu’ils peuvent mettre en lumière du fonctionnement du milieu de l’artWillful degradation or destruction of symbolic goods is omnipresent in Human history. Most of the times, works were damaged because they embodied deities, symbols of power, spiritual or social constructs. With the advent of museums and the transformation of the status of the works they preserve, this phenomenon shaped into new forms.Deliberate attacks on the integrity of works of art, when they occur in museums, carry specific issues that this thesis aims to analyze. Today, they are generally referred to as vandalism, which conveys representations that are to be questioned. This research, based on the analysis of a body of cases of vandalism perpetrated between 1970 and 2014 on works exhibited in art museums in Europe and North America, focuses, from a sociological perspective, on examining the causes of these acts as well as the various reactions they generate. The confrontation of discourses and points of view gathered during interviews with various actors concerned by this topic reveals diverse dispositions towards works of art. The analysis of the social reception of these actions constitutes a privileged approach to specific processes of disqualification, including some within the artistic field. Parts of these gestures are meant to initiate an artistic dialogue or even to create; therefore, they will be looked upon with particular attention as they can highlight some of the mechanisms of the artistic scene
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Blais, Nathalie. "Regards sur la ville sous la monarchie de Juillet : patrimoine architectural et modernité urbaine dans un espace en mutation." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H004.
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Héritière des graines semées depuis la Révolution, la monarchie de Juillet élabore les bases d'une politique patrimoniale dans un contexte de renouveau urbain. Les villes entament un processus de transformation de leur armature pour répondre aux nécessités de salubrité publique et s'adapter aux changements socio-économiques. Dans ce contexte, de nouvelles formes de vandalisme apparaissent. Entre conservation des monuments et salubrité publique, différents acteurs doivent faire consensus. Bien que critiqué, le réemploi apparaît comme la meilleure alternative. Il s'agit de concilier les monuments de l'ancienne France avec les impératifs de la France moderne. De la dénonciation du« beau percé», apparaît la défense d'une physionomie de la ville, avec la notion de paysage urbain. Objet de fierté locale, l'édifice ancien est constitutif d'un capital culturel économique. Paysages et monuments constituent les principaux attraits et atouts d'une ville. Le régime fonde trois organes dédiés aux monuments historiques et favorise l'essor des sociétés savantes. Ces acteurs, dénommés les hussards des monuments historiques, remettent en cause les pratiques de l' Ancien Régime. Face à un vandalisme multiforme, ils élaborent de nouvelles modalités de gestion des édifices prenant en compte plusieurs paramètres, comme l'intégrité. À travers leurs discours, ils invitent à une réflexion nouvelle sur la place et le rôle du monument historique dans un espace urbain qui se régénère en profondeur. Pour atteindre leurs objectifs, des outils de vulgarisation de l'archéologie sont mis en place et diffusés pour former la nouvelle génération et contribuer à une prise de conscienceHeiress of seeds sowed since the French Revolution, the July Monarchy develops the bases of a cultural heritage policy in a context of urban revival. Cities begin a transformation process of their framework to answer the necessities of the public health and adapt itself to the socioeconomic changes. In this context, new forms of vandalism appear. Between preservation of monuments and public health-, various actors have to reach a consensus. Although criticized, the re-use appears as the best alternative. It is a question of reconciling the monuments of Ancient France with the imperatives of modern France. Of this denunciation of "beau percé", the defense of a face of the city, with the notion of urban landscape appears. Object of a local pride, the building constitutes an economic cultural capital. Landscapes and monuments constitute one of the main attractions and assets of a city. The government establishes three entities dedicated to historic monuments and favors the development of the learned societies. These actors, called "hussars of historic monuments", involve to the practices of Ancien Regime. In the face of a multi-form vandalism, they develop new modalities of management of buildings by taking into account several parameters, of which the integrity. Through their speeches, they invite in a new reflection on the place and the role of the historical monument in an urban space which regenerates in depth. To reach their goals, tools of popularization of the archaeology are set up and spread to train the new generation and contribute to an awareness
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Bates, Eleanor Joanne Wilson. "Vandalism : a crime of place?" Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9587.
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Vandalism is a problem for many communities across Scotland negatively affecting the lives of people who live in them. Whilst there has been recent research into the broad phenomena of anti-social behaviour, there has been little recent research into the specific phenomena of vandalism. In particular, little is understood about why vandalism often persistently re-occurs year in year out in particular locations. Wider research into crime and place suggests that, opportunities to commit crime, levels of relative deprivation, and the capacity or belief that a community can work together (collective efficacy) may be relevant factors. Other theories suggest some areas may act as crime attractors or be more criminogenic than others. There is a strong need for a better understanding of why certain places experience persistent vandalism and others do not. This thesis seeks to redress that gap by suggesting that to understand the nature of vandalism it is best understood as a crime of place rather than property. By drawing on theoretical and methodological approaches from both criminology and geography the thesis explores whether some areas experience high and low concentrations of vandalism year on year; if patterns change over time and whether areas with differing levels of vandalism share characteristics. Exploring issues related to crime and place presents specific methodological challenges. In criminology there has been much debate about whether it is best to consider crime and place processes at the micro or macro level. This thesis contributes to this debate by contending that it is necessary to employ a multi-method approach which integrates both micro and macro levels of investigation to properly understand crime and place. The results presented here are based on secondary analysis of six years of recorded crime data on vandalism supplied by Lothian and Borders police covering the period 1 April 2004 to 31 March 2010 for a case study area within Edinburgh with a broad mix of socio-demographic contexts. The thesis investigates the value of taking an Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis approach combining GIS based Crime Mapping and LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation) analysis with Group Trajectory Analysis. This is complimented by data acquired from holding focus groups with Police Officers responsible for neighbourhood policing who used shaded maps to aid discussion of characteristics of areas with high and low vandalism. Findings suggest there are distinct High, Low and Drifting areas of vandalism with particular characteristics influenced by crime attractors, routine activities, relative deprivation and collective efficacy. By using an innovative multi-method ESDA quantitative and qualitative approach, important insights into the nature of vandalism as a place crime are gained; using a multi-spatial and temporal approach was found to be crucial. Findings are somewhat confined as they relate to a single case study area and a small number of focus groups were undertaken only with police Officers and not other community actors which may limit generalisabily. These concerns are discussed along with recommendations for future policy on vandalism and theoretical and methodological approaches for researching crime and place.
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Brasdefer, François. "Vandales et propriétaires ? : Sociologie des atteintes à la propriété dans les mondes du graffiti et du militantisme." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A015/document.
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Cette thèse porte sur une comparaison des pratiques envers la propriété des graffeur.ses, street-artistes, militant.e.s anticapitalistes et antipubs. Partant d’une analyse de la littérature criminologique concernant le vandalisme, cette thèse interroge les figures du « vandale » ou du « casseur » en tant que constructions sociales. Dans la continuité des travaux interactionnistes en sociologie de la déviance et en criminologie post-marxiste, nous interrogeons les dégradations volontaires d’objets matériels à partir des trajectoires et expériences d’acteurs déviants, tout en replaçant ceux-ci dans l’imbrication des rapports sociaux de classe, de sexe et d’âge. L’enquête de terrain procède par ethnographie multi-située, rassemblant seize récits de vie combinés à des observations participantes. Les résultats montrent la formation et l’évolution de « sujets propriétaires » par effets de socialisation aux interactions entre individus, corps et objets matériels dans diverses sphères (familiale, scolaire, professionnelles, sous-culturelles, militantes). La propriété et la possession apparaissent comme des enjeux centraux des rapports sociaux et de la socialisation. Leur naturalisation au sein des rapports de pouvoir participe tant de la réaction sociale au vandalisme que des rapports aux objets et espaces des peintres ou militant.e.s interrogé.e.s. Malgré l’hétérogénéité de leurs positions structurelles ou de leurs trajectoires d’engagement, nous trouvons dans leurs rapports aux objets dégradés, aux pratiques de soin, aux techniques ou encore au contrôle social, une internormativité faisant dominer les normes de propriété formelle sur les normes de possession. Cette thèse explore les rapports de pouvoir contemporains traversant les atteintes à la propriété et apporte une contribution à la sociologie de la déviance, des rapports sociaux et des cultures dominéesThis study aims at comparing practices in relation to property among graffiti writers, street artists, anticapitalist and antiproductivist activists. Stemming from an analysis of the criminological literature on vandalism, this thesis explores the notions of “vandals” and “casseur” as social constructs. In line with the interactionnist works in the sociology of deviance and in post-marxist criminology, we question the willful damaging of property based on the trajectories and experiences of deviant actors, while integrating social class, gender and age dynamics in the framework. The fieldwork consisted in a multi-sited ethnography, gathering sixteen life histories combined with participant observations. Results show the formation and evolution of “owning subjects” through socialisation processes, shaping relations between individuals, bodies and material objects in many instances (family, school, work, subcultures, activism). Property and ownership appear as central stakes in social relations and socialisation. Their naturalisation in power relations affects social reactions to vandalism as well as the relations to material objects shown by the participants. Despite heterogeneous positions in the social structure and different trajectories in relation to deviance, we find in their relation to damaged objects, in their caring practices, in their techniques or in their relationship to social control, an internormativity ensuring the dominance of formal norms over informal ownership. This study explores power relations in contemporary France and in property crimes, and contributes to the sociology of deviance, sociology of social structure and critical criminology
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Chlanda, Dorota. ""Tempus edax rerum" ("Le temps rongeur dévore tout", Ovide) : le voyage sur ses propres pas dans les écrits du prince Henryk Lubomirski." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20150/document.
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La thèse intitulée « Tempus edax rerum » (« Le temps rongeur dévore tout », Ovide). Le voyage sur ses propres pas dans les écrits du prince Henryk Lubomirski aborde la question d’un second voyage et les incidences du retour dans les mêmes endroits sur la perception de l’auteur. Cette problématique est étudiée à partir de documents manuscrits méconnus jusqu’à présent : le journal de voyage du prince Henryk Lubomirski, la correspondance avec sa mère adoptive la princesse Izabela Lubomirska, et d’autres témoignages conservés dans des archives en Pologne et en Ukraine. Pour entamer nos études, il a fallu définir le phénomène du second voyage qui, pour nous, relève de l’expérience réelle du déjà-parcouru. Cette répétition de l’itinéraire permet de constater les divergences dans la perception des mêmes paysages, sites, monuments dues à divers facteurs, entre autres le vécu et l’histoire personnels qui forment, modifient, varient la sensibilité et la susceptibilité du voyageur. Nous cherchons donc à déterminer la spécificité du regard redoublé, voire renouvelé indépendamment des motifs du déplacement, de sa destination et de la biographie du voyageur. Dans la première partie de la thèse, nous présentons l’histoire du second voyage à partir du Moyen Âge, l’époque où le phénomène est très rare, jusqu’à la Révolution qui marque une rupture, qui met un terme à un certain type de périple et donne naissance à une pratique viatique liée à la nouvelle sensibilité issue de ce grand bouleversement. Nous essayons de démontrer ce qui est particulier et ce qui est universel dans cette expérience. Le second voyage est analysé à partir des pérégrinations de Goethe à travers l’Italie et des retours de Chateaubriand à Londres et à Rome. Chez ces grands écrivains la répétition évoque des émotions différentes. Goethe est déçu, les nouvelles impressions chassent les anciennes, la valeur associée au second voyage se fonde sur l’effacement. Chateaubriand, par contre, tente un rapprochement entre différentes périodes de sa vie et il constate une accumulation des sensations. Les deux exemples des voyageurs polonais qui ont effectué un second voyage complètent ce parcours historique. Dans la deuxième partie, nous exposons la biographie du prince Henryk Lubomirski et les circonstances de son second voyage. Nous parlerons de sa formation et de l’influence décisive de sa mère adoptive qui sera la compagnonne de son Grand Tour dans les années 1789-1790, ainsi que de son activité à l’âge mûr, à savoir la protection du patrimoine culturel polonais. En 1811, le prince et sa famille quittent Genève à cause de problèmes de santé de son épouse. Le séjour dans le Midi devait l’aider à se remettre et à retrouver l’équilibre mental. Cette pérégrination se déroule à travers la France postrévolutionnaire, partout les traces des bouleversements historiques se laissent percevoir. Le prince Lubomirski décrit minutieusement leur itinéraire, le logement, les moyens de transport et les manifestations culturelles auxquelles il assiste. Il note aussi les prix et donne d’autres renseignements pratiques. Ce qui l’intéresse, c’est le paysage qu’il perçoit avec une nouvelle sensibilité si caractéristique pour cette époque charnière. La recherche du sublime et les réflexions sur la relation entre la nature et l’état de l’âme ainsi que sur la fragilité du destin humain se multiplient dans le récit. La troisième partie est consacrée à la question de la mémoire et à ses différentes apparitions : individuelle, collective, nationale. Nous observons qu’aucun regard n’est « innocent », il est toujours chargé de l’histoire personnelle du sujet. La mémoire permet d’opérer une relecture des endroits déjà visités et déclenche des souvenirs. Grâce à son activité affective, elle transforme des lieux neutres en emblèmes de l’agréable, le voyageur récupère le monde disparu et se retrouve soi-mêmeThe purpose of the thesis « Tempus edax rerum » (« Le temps rongeur dévore tout », Ovide). Le voyage sur ses propres pas dans les écrits du prince Henryk Lubomirski is to approach the question of the second journey and the repercussions of the comeback to the same places on the author's perception. These problems are undertaken through the careful lecture of a number of up-to-date unknown manuscripts: that is, prince Henryk Lubomirski's travel diary and the correspondence with his adoptive mother Izabella Lubomirska, as well as others testimonies.In the preliminary part of the research, it was necessary to define the second journey, which for the purposes of this study, is a real experience of the already-visited. The very repetition of the itinerary allowed to discern the differences in the perception of landscapes, places of interest and historic monuments, all due to different factors; among which are someone's real life experience which form, modify and vary the traveller's sensibility. This in turn made possible an attempt to investigate the specificity of the doubled or renewed look apart from the underlying reasons, such as journey destination, motivation of the traveller, and the biography of the latter.The first part presents the history of the second journey, tracing it back to the Middle Ages, when it was a very uncommon phenomenon, and concluding with the French Revolution which is the moment of a sudden change, putting an end to one kind of travelling and giving way to another experience related to new sensibility, deriving from revolutionary upheaval. Thus, the study attempts to reveal particularity and universality of the second journey in the post-revolutionary era.This in itself is looked at through the lens of Goethe's peregrination across Italy and Chateaubriand's comebacks to Rome and London. In their texts the repetition evokes different emotions. Goethe being disappointed, in his account the new impressions drive away the old ones. Thus, for him the value of the second journey is based on erasing. Chateaubriand, on the other hand, draws a parallel between different times of his life as he observes the accumulation of sensations. The accounts of two Polish travellers from the period complete this historical section.In the second part are approached prince Henryk Lubomirski's biography and the circumstances of his second journey. In particular, his cultural background is taken into account as well as his adoptive mother's influence on his upbringing. She accompanied him in his Grand Tour in 1789-1780 and later on, in his maturity, assisting him in the task of the Polish cultural heritage protection.In 1811 he and his family leave Geneva because of his wife health problems. The stay in the South of France was planned to help her in her recovery and finding mental equilibrium. The journey takes place across post-revolutionary France where traces of atrocities are still clearly visible. The prince describes meticulously itinerary, means of transport, accommodation and events he attends. He writes down prices and practical information. He is particularly fond of landscapes he looks at with new sensibility, characteristic for the period. The sublime search, reflexions on the relation between nature and the states of soul and the fragility of the human fate multiply in the relation.The third part is related to memory and its different dimensions: individual, collective and national. We note that there is no innocent perception, it is always tinged with author's personal history. The memory lets the traveller read again places already visited and triggers memories. Thanks to its affective activity it converts neutral places into symbols of the pleasant, allowing the traveller to succeed in his perennial quest of recovering the world that no longer exists and finding himself back
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Kanamaru, Antonio Takao. "Design de mobiliário em escola pública: produção, uso e pós-uso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16134/tde-23112010-163804/.
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Trata-se de investigação sobre o design no processo de produção e uso de mobiliário escolar em redes de ensino público no Brasil, com foco em São Paulo, a partir do problema da geração de sucata. Foram levantados os órgãos executivos e respectivos modelos implantados, conceitos e circunstâncias. Resultados de análise evidenciaram o surgimento e agravamento da influência do vandalismo sobre o mobiliário escolar, entre 1990-2005. Análise do fenômeno indica a importância da participação do usuário-educando no processo geral, tendo como instrumento social e ambiental o design em produção comunitária-escolar.This work is a historical approach on production and usage process of school furniture in the public education system in Brazil, focusing São Paulo, from the problem of generation and destiny of scrap of this very product. The obtained results present the history of the responsible executive organs, concepts, circumstances and a implanted models. Chiefly, evidence the raise and worsening of the influence of vandalism on the school furniture, between 1990 and 2005, whose analysis of its meaning indicates the importance of the participation of user-student in the usage and production process, having as social and environmental tool the design in shool communitary production.
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Machado, Gabriela Martins. "PATRIMÔNIO PÚBLICO: DE TODOS OU DE NINGUÉM? UM ESTUDO ANTROPOLÓGICO SOBRE INTERVENÇÕES AO PATRIMÔNIO ESCOLAR." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/6256.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorWhy do students produce marks on school walls, tables and cabinets? Were these purely violent demonstrations related to free riot and vandalism against the educational institution? The purpose of this study is to seek answers to these questions by finding alternative interpretations to common sense for the interventions done by goers of school public spaces. To do so, we performed ethnographic fieldwork with bias at the State Institute of Education Tiaraju, located in Sao Sepe / RS, where subsidies were extracted to demonstrate what kind of relationship the students have with the school environment, how these invisible links are externalized and materialized and for what reasons the school can be considered a local heritage.
Por que os alunos produzem marcas nas paredes, muros, mesas e armários da escola? Seriam estas manifestações puramente violentas, relacionadas à revolta gratuita e vandalismo contra a instituição de ensino? A proposta deste trabalho é buscar respostas para estes questionamentos, encontrando interpretações alternativas ao senso comum para as intervenções feitas por frequentadores de espaços públicos escolares. Para tanto, realizou-se trabalho de campo com viés etnográfico no Instituto Estadual de Educação Tiaraju, localizado no município de São Sepé/RS, de onde se extraiu subsídios para demonstrar que tipo de relação os estudantes constroem com o espaço escolar, como estes vínculos invisíveis são exteriorizados e materializados e por quais motivos a escola pode ser considerada um patrimônio local.
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Heindorf, Stefan [Verfasser]. "Vandalism detection in crowdsourced knowledge bases / Stefan Heindorf." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202070981/34.
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Sousa, Marli Luiza de. "Violência contra a escola: repercussões curriculares - o olhar do Conselho de Escola numa escola municipal de Santo André." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9852.
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This present study aims to undertake an analysis of violence situations against the school, identifying how violence is manifested in daily life and addressed in school curriculum. Therefore, we analyze the situation from a vision of segment representatives that are part of the Public Power and representatives that are part of the user population of the School Council. We also analyze the relation that user and local community establish with a municipal school of kindergarten and elementary school, located in Santo André outskirts, metropolitan region of São Paulo. We also have analyzed the possible repercussions of school violence in the curriculum of this school in question. To realize this study, we chose a qualitative approach, through documental analysis and semi-structured interviews that were applied to the School Council representatives, from researched municipal school. For documentary analysis, we used five Pedagogical Political Projects developed by the school community in the period between 2010 and 2014. The research intended to indicate possibilities of violence confrontation against the school, observed in periods that building are not used in teaching activities, from the perspective of school counselors, and in a light of some consolidated theoretical aspects of the phenomenon of violence and school curriculum. The challenges of building a curriculum that dialogues with the real problems, checking the possibility of school overcoming violence situation, manifested through vandalism and pillaging are numerous. However, it is a possible path to be trodden in an articulated form between the power public and civil society, seeking the construction of a school founded on the principle of education social quality, from access and permanence of the subjects and the democratic management of education. It was intended, with this study, offer clues to support schools in increasing their careers searching educational activities that minimize and eliminate vandalism scenes and depredation of public property from the stage of their recent histories
O presente trabalho apresenta uma análise das situações de violência praticadas contra a escola, e identifica como as ações manifestam-se no cotidiano e são abordadas no currículo escolar. Para tanto, são verificadas as situações, a partir do olhar dos representantes dos segmentos que compõem o poder público e a população usuária do Conselho de Escola, e das relações que as comunidades usuária e local estabelecem com uma escola municipal de educação infantil e ensino fundamental localizada na periferia de Santo André, Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Analisam-se, ainda, as possíveis repercussões da violência no currículo da escola em questão. Para este estudo, optou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, que utilizou a análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas, aplicadas aos representantes do Conselho de Escola da unidade pesquisada. Para análise documental, foram utilizados cinco Projetos Políticos Pedagógicos elaborados pela comunidade escolar no período de 2010 a 2014. A pesquisa pretendeu indicar possibilidades de enfrentamento da violência praticada contra a escola, observada nos períodos em que o prédio não é utilizado em atividades letivas, sob a ótica dos conselheiros escolares e à luz de algumas vertentes teóricas consolidadas sobre o fenômeno da violência e do currículo escolar. São inúmeros os desafios para a construção de um currículo que dialogue com os problemas reais com vistas às possibilidades de superação das situações de violência à escola, manifestadas por meio de vandalismo e depredação, mas é um caminho possível de ser trilhado de forma articulada entre poder público e sociedade civil, de forma a construir uma escola alicerçada nos princípios da qualidade social da educação, de acesso e permanência dos sujeitos e da gestão democrática da educação. Pretendeu-se, com o estudo, oferecer pistas para que outros equipamentos escolares possam construir suas trajetórias com ações educativas que minimizem e eliminem cenas de vandalismo e depredação do patrimônio público do palco de suas histórias recentes
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Marinthe, Gaëlle. "Approche psycho-sociale des dégradations de symboles nationaux : conséquences sur les relations intergroupes, implication de l’identification et des patriotismes." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN20003.
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Cette thèse étudie l’impact des dégradations de symboles nationaux sur les relations intergroupes et les dimensions psycho-sociales (identification et patriotismes) pouvant le moduler. Les symboles permettent de maintenir une identité sociale satisfaisante en renforçant la cohésion, la distinctivité et l’identité culturelle du groupe. En se fondant sur la théorie de l’identité sociale, nous avons postulé que les atteintes aux symboles nationaux, même commises par un membre de l’endogroupe, pourraient constituer une menace et ainsi augmenter un biais pro-endogroupe diffus. Ces conséquences pourraient être modérées par l’identification au groupe et par un mode d’attachement rigide à la nation, i.e., le patriotisme aveugle. Ces questions ont été traitées à travers quatre chapitres expérimentaux. Les trois premiers examinent les implications des dégradations de symboles nationaux et de l’identification sur les attitudes intergroupes. Dans l’ensemble, l’identification n’explique pas l’émergence de biais pro-endogroupe. En revanche, le contexte est déterminant. Une dégradation du symbole national effectuée par un membre de l’endogroupe dans un contexte intergroupe (compétition sportive) ou intragroupe implique des stratégies de défense respectivement intergroupe (hausse du biais pro-endogroupe) et intragroupe (hausse de l’identification). Dans le quatrième chapitre, le patriotisme aveugle modère les conséquences d’une dégradation de symbole national endogroupe en contexte intragroupe. Les personnes les plus patriotes aveugles ressentent plus de menace, provoquant une augmentation diffuse du biais pro-endogroupe. Les apports, limites et perspectives de ces travaux sont discutésThe aim of this thesis is to study the impact of national symbols’ desecration on intergroup relations and socio-psychological factors (identification and patriotism) that may moderate these consequences. Because they strengthen the cohesiveness, distinctiveness and cultural identity of a group, national symbols ensure a secure social identity. Based on social identity theory, we hypothesized that symbol desecration, even if perpetrators are ingroup members, would constitute a threat and thus provoke a diffuse pro-ingroup bias. Intergroup consequences could be moderated by rigid or conservative identification with the national group, i.e., blind patriotism. These issues are explored in four experimental chapters. The first three chapters examine implications of desecrating a national symbol and group identification on intergroup attitudes. On the whole, identification does not explain increases in pro-ingroup bias when symbols are harmed. However, context is determinant. The desecration of a national symbol by an ingroup member in an intergroup (sport competition) or intragroup context leads to strategies of intergroup (increase in pro-ingroup bias) or intragroup (increase in identification) defense, respectively. The fourth chapter shows that blind patriotism is a moderator of consequences of an ingroup national symbol’s desecration in an intragroup context. Higher blind patriots perceive more threat, resulting in an increased and diffuse proingroup bias. Contributions, limits and perspectives of this research are discussed
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Esau, Vernon Garth. "The influence of vandalism in schools on learner's academic performance." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/691.
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School vandalism is a serious problem in South Africa, particularly, as it places a heavy burden on education budgets. It could also cause learning to collapse, since it infringes on the right of learners to be taught in clean, well kept school buildings, and to develop their full potential. It is generally accepted that cared for school facilities, adequate furniture and equipment, as well as clean ablution facilities, are conducive to a healthy learning environment. The aim of this research was to determine whether vandalism at schools in Nelson Mandela Metropole (NMM) has an influence on learners’ scholastic achievement. Against the background of the literature review, this investigation endeavours to report on the nature and extent of vandalism at a sample of South African schools, as well as preventative measures that be introduced to combat such vandalism. The research comprised of a study of relevant literature, followed by a qualitative research design. The literature study covered aspects regarding the nature, extent and consequences of vandalism at schools. The sample group consisted of learners, teachers and parents from four secondary schools in the western region of the Uitenhage District. The respondents completed questionnaires regarding their viewpoints on the role that the school, the parents, the community, the police and the media could play in curbing acts of vandalism at schools. The respective principals and some members of staff were also interviewed. The research revealed that both teachers and learners were of the opinion that preventative measures need to be put in place to combat the scourge of vandalism at schools. However, such programmes should be implemented in collaboration with the community, the parents, the South African Police Services and the media. In conclusion some recommendations were made to combat the scourge of vandalism at schools and these may be of value to all schools in South Africa that experience similar problems.
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Bundy, Barbara E. "Preventing looting and vandalism of archaeological sites in the Pacific Northwest." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3181086.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 264-281). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Msimanga, Khehla Isaac. "An ecosystemic programme for dealing with vandalism at schools / Msimanga, K.I." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7174.
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Vandalism is a complex phenomenon with no easy or single solution. A definition of vandalism underscores this complexity. It is defined as, inter alia, the intentional damaging or destroying of objects belonging to others, the voluntary degrading of environments with no profit motive, acts of which the results are considered as damage by the actors as well as the victim in relation to the norms that govern the situation, and the wilful or malicious destruction, injury, disfigurement, or defacement of property without the consent of the owner. Such social anti-behavioural acts are, however, both internationally and nationally spreading like a virus. Since schools are increasingly being regarded as soft targets for vandalism, which turns them into dangerous and unsafe places for teaching and learning, this study focused on a programme for dealing with vandalism in schools. The aim was to determine the effects of school vandalism on the education system, investigate the effects thereof on effective teaching and learning and to - on the basis of the findings obtained from both an in-depth literature study and empirical research design - make suggestions for an inclusive programme which schools can use to assist learners to develop responsible attitudes and behavioural patterns. An ecosystemic programme was selected as it allowed for a more holistic approach to assess vandalism, as a societal phenomenon, and to provide support/solutions to overcome such a phenomenon. Using Bronfenbrenner’s ecosystemic model of child development, in addition, enabled the researcher to examine the multiple effects and interrelatedness of vandalism, holistically in school environments. The family, community and school as environmental systems children experience during their development were, accordingly, addressed by employing a systems way of thinking. The nature and scope of the study are outlined in chapter one. Background information on the prevalence of vandalism in South African schools, which lead to the statement of the research problem, is presented.. In line herewith, the research aims and objectives are highlighted in this chapter. Within the parameters of an ecosystemic approach, the research methodology, incorporating the research paradigm, design, sampling methods as well as the data collection, analysing and interpretation strategies, are addressed. In order to redefine the research questions, chapter two consists of a discussion of the data obtained through an in-depth literature study on an ecosystemic model and theory as well as a systemic way of thinking. Whilst referring to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model of child development, this chapter also outlines the dynamic processes of child development. Chapter three elaborates on the information set forward in chapter two, by explaining the different environmental systems children experience. By outlining their different elements and referring to the interdependence between them, the family, community and school as systems are discussed. The application of an ecosystemic theory to school and community interventions are, in addition, discussed. Within the parameters of an ecosystemic framework, acts of vandalism are scrutinized. By demonstrating the social contents and the underlying assumptions regarding school vandalism, the latter is defined and its causes, impact and effect on teaching and learning in South Africa are addressed with the aim of guiding the study in an explanatory way. After applying an ecosystemic theory to school and community interventions, chapter three also outlines the historical background and origin of vandalism, the vandal, the characteristics of vandals, specific motivational factors behind vandalism as well as the negative effects thereof. Following the latter, the causes of vandalism and possible prevention strategies are also identified. Chapter four, in addition to chapter one, deals with the research design and methodology as well as the issues of measurement in more detail. Flowing from this chapter, chapter five includes the responses obtained from the participants followed by a discussion of the findings according to the data obtained from the interviews and field notes. An interpretation of the findings is provided, recommendations are made and specific limitations of the study are, moreover, identified. The study ends with a summary of the research conducted and by presenting the final findings which, in turn, lead to proposing various recommendationsThesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2011
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Price, Kari L. "The effect of quality, quantity and interpretive diversity on program attendance in Indiana state parks." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/770949.
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Interpretation in both national and state parks provides more than mere entertainment to the visitor. Interpretation has been proven to be an effective deterrent to littering, vandalism and the deterioration of natural park resources. The focus of this research is to determine whether high quality programs, a large number of programs, and/or a diversity of programs offered by Indiana state parks attract a higher percentage of the total number of visitors entering a park facility to an interpretative event.The subjects need in this research were the state parks of Indiana. Data was obtained from a weekly form (SP-48) used by the Indiana parks. SP-48 forms from 1987 through 1990, Memorial Day through Labor Day weekend, were used: the total number of programs incorporated into this study was 20,595. The parks were divided into categories (all parks, year-round parks, and seasonal parks) and groups (high, medium and low number of facilities) to provide a similar statistical grouping for analysis.The factors studied were paired and regression analysis were performed on each pairing. Correlation coefficients indicated that an increase in the quantity of programs offered was highly correlated (p<001) to an increase in the percent of gate entrants participating in an interpretive event. Presentation diversity was significantly related to either of the above variables.Department of Natural Resources
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Stephens, Sarah. ""Fun with vandalism the illegal street art of Shepard Fairey and Banksy" /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1148076772.
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Nwachukwu, Ijeoma Ogechi. "Relationship Between Oil Theft, Pipeline Vandalism, and Security Costs With Revenue Losses." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4398.
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The oil and gas multinational companies (MNCs) in the Niger Delta continue to face numerous challenges operating in the region, especially concerning the loss of revenue. Based on the resource dependence theory, the purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between oil theft, pipeline vandalism, security costs, and revenue. Eighty-eight mid- to high-level managers of oil and gas completed the Factors That Affect Company Revenue instrument. The results of the multiple linear regression analyses indicated the model was able to significantly predict revenue, F(3,88) = 947,279.44, p < .001, R2 = 1.000. All 3 predictors contributed significantly to the model, with pipeline vandalism recording the highest beta value (Ã? = .553, p = .000), the oil theft predictor with the next highest beta weight (Ã? = .451, p = .000), and the security costs predictor with the next highest beta weight (Ã? = .387, p = .000). The leaders of the oil and gas MNCs could use the outcome of this study in creating strategies and policies that guide their operations in the region, which would improve the relationship with host communities and mitigate their efforts in reducing the loss of revenue. Improved relations would result in a reduction of oil theft, pipeline vandalism, and security costs, thereby reducing revenue losses. The implication of positive social change includes implementation of more corporate social responsibility strategies and improving the economy of the region and the livelihood of the host communities.
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Sumbana, Maria Ines Muianga. "Uma abordagem de detecção automática de vandalismo na Wikipédia utilizando aprendizado associativo ativo." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/ESBF-8VMJ98.
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Wikipedia and other free editing services for collaboratively generated content have quickly grown in popularity. However, the lack of editing control has made these services vulnerable to various types of malicious actions such as vandalism. State-of-the-art vandalism detection methods are based on supervised techniques, and thus rely on the availability of large and representative training collections. Building such collections,
often with the help of crowdsourcing, is quite costly, as it has to deal with a natural skew towards very few vandalism examples in the available data and dynamic patterns. Aiming at reducing the cost of building such collections, we present a new active sampling technique coupled with an on-demand associative classification algorithm for Wikipedia vandalism detection. We first show that the associative classification enhanced with a simple undersampling technique for building the training set outperforms state-of-the-art classifiers such as SVMs and kNNs, and is competitive with the best results of the CLEF competition on Wikipedia vandalism detection. Furthermore, by applying the active sampling approach, we are able to reduce the need for training in almost 96% with only a small impact on detection results, thus making our solution very practical for real scenarios.A Wikipedia e outros serviços gratuitos cujo conteúdo é gerado colaborativamente têm crescido rapidamente em popularidade. No entanto, a falta de controle da edição tem feito com que esses serviços sejam vulneráveis a vários tipos de ações maliciosas como o vandalismo. Métodos de detecção de vandalismo de estado-de-arte são baseados em técnicas supervisionadas, e portanto, dependem de coleções de treinamento geralmente grandes e representativas. A construção de tais coleções depende, muitas vezes, de um esforço conjunto (crowdsourcing), sendo ssim caras de construir. Mais ainda, no caso específico de vandalismo, as coleções disponíveis tendem a ser muito desbalanceadas com muito poucos exemplos de vandalismo, o que afeta o processo da classificação. Visando diminuir o custo da construção das coleções representativas para esse problema, apresentamos uma nova técnica de seleção ativa juntamente com um algoritmo de classificação associativa sob-demanda para a detecção de vandalismo na Wikipédia. Primeiro mostramos que a classificação associativa reforçada por uma técnica simples de balanceamento para a construção do conjunto de treinamento supera classificadores de estado-de-arte como SVM e kNN, e é competitivo com os melhores resultados da competição CLEF em detecção de vandalismo na Wikipedia. Além disso, através da aplicação da abordagem de seleção ativa, fomos capazes de reduzir a necessidade de treinamento em quase 96% com apenas um pequeno impacto sobre os resultados da detecção, tornando assim a nossa solução muito prática para cenários reais.
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Sutton, Michael Robert. "Differential rates of vandalism in a new town : towards a theory of relative place." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 1987. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/22525/.
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The aim of this thesis is to explain the reasons why some residential areas have substantially more vandalism than others. Various theories are critically examined in the first three chapters in relation to their applicability in explaining spatial patterning of crime and delinquency. A new town, which had visibly highly different levels of vandalism on different housing estates, was chosen for study. Secondary data, commissioned by the Skelmersdale Development Corporation, was analysed to see if the vandalised and non-vandalised areas had other distinquishing characteristics - demographically and socio-economically. Six main hypotheses were constructed for testing in Skelmersdale. A random stratified sample of householders were interviewed regarding their attitudes towards victimisation and tolerance of crime and delinquency. Householders were interviewed on both "problem" and "non-problem" housing estates. The Data was then analysed by using the SPSSx computer package. The main conclusion is that it is necessary to adopt a holistic approach to more fully understand the complex processes which produce "problem" and "non-problem" residential areas. This means viewing the phenomena of vandalism by looking at the delinquents, the housing market, macro economics and social and cultural structures. In explaining vandalism no one theory, such as defensible space, will do. We need to take into account a multitude of factors - such as the relative desirability of housing areas, tenants self selection processes, housing allocation processes, conduct norms, informal social control mechanisms, the existence of empty houses and the opportunity to commit vandalism etc. All these will have different degrees of importance in different housing areas. The reasons for vandalism will be relative to the place where it is committed.
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Gutzwiller-Helfenfinger, Eveline. "Assessing social perspective-taking in adolescence : the written interpersonal understanding interview /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.zb.unibe.ch/download/eldiss/03gutzwiller_e.pdf.
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Peter, Tracey-Lee. "Rethinking strain, examining the interaction of strain and self-control in the prediction of vandalism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0007/MQ36070.pdf.
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Gillis, Tammy Jo, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Violence, vandalism, and theft among Alberta youth : a reconceptualization of the general theory of crime." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 2006, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/346.
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Despite the number of studies conducted regarding violence amongst youth, there
is still much to be learned. The present study was designed in an attempt to better
understand the nature of delinquent adolescent behaviour. The main objectives of this
study are as follows: to understand the pattern and distribution of delinquent behaviour,
including violence, vandalism, and theft among Lethbridge, Alberta's high school
population, to identify possible factors that may play a role in one's likelihood of
engaging in such behaviours, and finally, to contribute to Micheal Gottfredson and Travis
Hirschi's (G&H) 'General Theory of Crime' (1990) by reconceptuahzing the concept of
self-control. The present study includes 182 youth from two Lethbridge public high
schools. Of the 182 respondents, 84 are female, and 98 are male. The youth involved in
this study range from 15 to 19 years of age. Through the use of a questionnaire, a
number of key variables are addressed. These variables are: empathy, impulse control,
social bonds, and their relationship with violence, theft, and vandalism.
The results of this study show that empathy and impulse control are significant
predictors of violence and vandalism, while impulsive behaviour was found to be the
only statistically significant predictor of theft among the variables included in the
multiple regression analysis. Although social bonds were hypothesized to be a major
predictor of all three delinquent behaviours included in this study, the results did not
support such an assumption. It is suggested that perhaps the concept of social bonds was
inadequately measured for use in this study. Future research using a better measure of
social bonds, may find it to be a significant predictor of violence, vandalism, and theft.vii, 100 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Smith, David. "Vandalism and social duty : the Victorian rebuilding of the 'Street Parish' churches, Ryedale, North Yorkshire." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8942/.
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The mid-19th century saw the greatest change to the material culture of Anglican worship since the Reformation. Yet despite the singular importance of this period to the life of the parish church, archaeologists have rarely engaged with these buildings. This thesis proposes an archaeological methodology for the examination of parish churches heavily restored or rebuilt during the 19th century. This innovative and flexible archaeological methodology integrates metric recording, systematic visual and stratigraphic analyses, 3D reconstruction, and a detailed synthesis of documentary resources. The ‘Street Parish’ churches in Ryedale, North Yorkshire, which were restored between 1855-1872, are utilised as case studies to test this methodology. Rather than being wholly dictated by national trends, the Victorian restoration of parish churches is shown to be a complex negotiation between these trends and local factors, including local personalities and the existing fabric. Indeed this thesis demonstrates that Victorian rebuild churches are heavily influenced by the earlier structures on the same site, often retaining the medieval plan form and architectural development. This study shows that through the archaeological study of 19th-century restoration, it is possible to recover a huge dataset which represents a significant thread of evidence about the character and development of the medieval church as well as post-medieval church investment, which have hitherto been missed or deliberately ignored by existing academic discourses. This research informs our understanding of these under-valued buildings, in order to enable their strategic future management.
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Busnello, Chiara <1994>. "Vecchie case e vandalismi. Antonio Morassi per la difesa del patrimonio minore di Venezia e Gorizia." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/13658.
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Il presente elaborato ha come cardine fondamentale lo studio e la contestualizzazione di alcuni documenti inediti conservati presso l’Archivio scientifico e fototeca di Antonio Morassi dell'Università Ca' Foscari di Venezia, costituiti da fotografie, cartoline, corrispondenza e appunti, sia manoscritti che dattiloscritti, prodotti o rimaneggiati dallo storico dell’arte goriziano a partire dalla fine degli anni ’40 del secolo scorso.
L’obiettivo principale di questa tesi sarà quello di fornire un’analisi e una chiave di lettura dei suddetti materiali riguardanti le città di Venezia e Gorizia, contenuti rispettivamente sul fascicolo «Vandalismi» e sul «Fascicolo C»: il lavoro si articolerà quindi in due capitoli principali, che ricalcheranno questa suddivisione pregressa, preceduti da un primo capitolo introduttivo sulla vita dell’autore.
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Hope, Timothy John. "Burglary and vandalism in schools : a study of theory and practice in the prevention of crime." Thesis, University of London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300109.
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Kazakevičiūtė, Sandra. "Mokyklos bendruomenės narių požiūris į graffiti: menas ar vandalizmas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2007. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20071019_162942-78352.
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Šiuolaikinis miestas — tik nauja ilgus amžius augusio žmogaus noro išreikšti save per simbolinius piešinius rezultatas. Tačiau šiuolaikinio graffiti sprogimas yra su niekuo nepalyginamas.
Taigi nepaisant to, kad daugelis iš mūsų gyvename informacinėje bei ganėtinai tolerantiškoje visuomenėje, kur egzistuoja neribojamai dideli meninės raiškos būdai, galimybių ir variacijų skaičius, graffiti, kaip meno kryptis, kūrinio statusas ar vieta (padėtis), taip ir liko neišspręstas bendrajame kultūriniame kontekste ir ligi šiol traktuojamas kaip neigiamumas ar net nihilistinio požiūrio išraiška į visuomeninius kriterijus bei normas.
Šio darbo tikslas — atskleisti mokyklos bendruomenės narių požiūrį į graffiti.
Tyrimo metodai: teorinis ― darbo tema aktualios literatūros sisteminė analizė; empiriniai ― IX klasių moksleivių anketinė apklausa, padėjusi išsiaiškinti jų žinias ir požiūrį į graffiti; pedagogų anketinė apklausa, padėjusi išsiaiškinti jų žinias ir požiūrį į graffiti; moksleivių tėvų anketinė apklausa, padėjusi išsiaiškinti jų žinias ir požiūrį į graffiti. Matematinės statistikos metodai: chi kvadrato kriterijaus taikymas, kontingencijos koeficientas (C), procentinė duomenų analizė.
Tyrimo metu paaiškėjo, kad daugiausia apie graffiti žino, jį priima ir vertina mokiniai. Vadinasi, tai patvirtina, faktą, jog subkultūra yra jaunimo pasaulėžiūros atspindys. Ar graffiti – meno rūšis ar vandalizmo aktas, vienareikšmiškai atsakyti negalima. Tai priklauso nuo visuomenės išprusimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]SUMMARY A modern city is just a new result of a person’s wish to express himself in symbolic paintings that has been growinf for long ages. But the explosure of modern graffiti cannot be compared with anything. So, in spite of that most of us live in the information and however tolerant society where unlimited big ways of artistic expression, a number of possibilities and variations exist, graffiti as an art tendency, the status place (position) of a piece of art has not been solved in the general cultural context and it has still been treated as negative expression or even a nihilistic attidude towards criteria or norms of the society. The purpose of this work is to reveal the attitude of the members of the school community towards graffiti. Methods of the research: theoretic ― systematic analysis of the literature actual about the theme of the work; empiric ― questionnaire of the pupils of the IX class that helped to find out their knowledge and attitude towards graffiti; Questionnaire of the pedagogues that helped to find out their knowledge and attitude towards graffiti; Questionnaire of the pupils’ parents that helped to find out their knowledge and attitude towards graffiti. Methods of mathematical statistics: application of the criterion of chi square, coefficient of contingency (C), per cent analysis of the data. Within the research, it became clear that graffiti is mostly known, accepted and appreciated by the pupils. Also the fact can be confirmed that subculture... [to full text]
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Specker, Mark R. "Beautification through Destruction." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin152231963353269.
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Wilt, Julia J. "A Location Analysis of Vandalism to the Rock Art of the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4661.
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Archaeological sites in the New World are the fragile and non-renewable remains of cultures which flourished for thousands of years prior to European contact and displacement. Sites which escape the effects of erosion and development often fall victim to vandalism. Cultural resources, including rock art and other archaeological sites, are protected by state and federal laws which prohibit the removal or disturbance of the sites, whether from development or from vandalism. Vandalism is frequently seen as a problem for law enforcement rather than a problem for cultural resource management. Management plans which include cultural resource protection provisions and guidelines often focus on threats to cultural resources from development, and omit planning which targets vandalism. The rock art sites of the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area ("Scenic Area") have been affected by developments such as The Dalles Dam and by the vandalism. In this study, the nature and degree of vandalism to the rock art sites in the Scenic Area is considered in the context of public awareness of, and access to, these sites. Rock art sites which are easily located and which have been the focus of public awareness are hypothesized to be the most severely vandalized. To test this hypothesis, fifteen of the 44 rock art sites in the Scenic Area were selected for study, and were assessed for kind and degree of vandalism, and means and ease of access. The results of analysis yielded two statistically significant associations of variables which support the hypothesis: an association between vandalism and public awareness of sites, and an association between vandalism and the primary means of access. The analysis suggests that public awareness is one of the most important issues which land managers must address when designing cultural resource protection plans.
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Ibarra, Codoceo Gabriela Alejandra. "Guía de Prevención y Mitigación de Accidentes Químicos en una Planta de Tratamiento de Agua Potable." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104941.
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El agua potable es uno de los recursos más preciados por el hombre, dado que mejora
considerablemente su calidad de vida, y por tanto merece la mayor prolijidad.
Una Planta de Tratamiento de Agua Potable (PTAP), además de ser eficiente en su función,
debe brindar seguridad a sus trabajadores y a la comunidad en general. Como todo lugar donde
se almacenan y manipulan sustancias peligrosas, genera riesgo de accidentes en su interior si
éstas no son bien manejadas. Así, las medidas para prevenir accidentes químicos son de gran
importancia.
El objetivo general del presente Trabajo de Título es aportar una herramienta que entregue
pautas y recomendaciones de prevención de accidentes químicos al interior de una PTAP, y de
mitigación, en caso de que estos ocurran, ya que en nuestro país no existe normativa específica
relativa al control de accidentes en que intervengan sustancias peligrosas dentro de este tipo de
instalaciones, pese a que el tema está tomando cada vez más fuerza. Caso contrario ocurre en
Europa, donde este tipo de normativa sí existe, como por ejemplo en España.
De los antecedentes bibliográficos revisados se tiene que los insumos más utilizados en la
potabilización del agua en Chile, y que generan mayor riesgo de accidentes, corresponden al
sulfato de aluminio y cloruro férrico en la etapa de coagulación, cloro en la desinfección, y flúor
en la etapa de fluoración. Éste último genera un alto riesgo de accidente a quienes lo
manipulan, dada su elevada toxicidad, sin embargo, un escape de cloro sería de mayor
peligrosidad, o traería mayores consecuencias, dado que no sólo afectaría a los trabajadores,
sino que a las poblaciones cercanas y al medio ambiente, por la nube tóxica generada.
Como resultado de la memoria se propone una Lista de Control, o Check List, donde se
reseñan los principales riesgos para los insumos más utilizados y se proponen medidas a
tomar.
Una de las primeras medidas a considerar es capacitar al personal en la manipulación de
sustancias peligrosas, puesto que de ellos depende, en gran medida, una buena manipulación
de los insumos y son quienes deben tomar las primeras acciones en caso de una emergencia.
Se concluye que lo más importante es prevenir accidentes y que toda PTAP debe contar con
una guía de prevención y mitigación de éstos. Aunque algunas medidas presuponen una
inversión, debe tenerse en cuenta que reducir la vulnerabilidad minimiza las pérdidas y evita
inversiones e incluso demandas judiciales luego de ocurrido un accidente o desastre.
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Mohale, Keneuoe. "An expression of South African youth identity : understanding deliquency, violence and vandalism amongst the youth in selected informal settlements." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020155.
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This study sought to explore the perceptions of violence by the youth and to investigate the causes and consequences of violence amongst the youth. Specifically, the study aimed at exploring why the youth are predisposed to violence and violent crimes in informal settlements. A qualitative research design was used in this study. The researcher made use of the qualitative design because it allows for the richness of the personal experiences and meanings of the respondents to be explored, allowing the researcher to uncover variations between respondents. Based on the qualitative design, the study utilised the in-depth interview to solicit the views of young people living in New Brighton Township in Port Elizabeth in the Eastern Cape Province. The objectives of the study were - To identify consequences of violence.- To assert if violence is normalised within a particular social environment.- To explore what predisposes the youth to violence.- To find out if parenting styles influence youth violence.- To explore the role of models in youth violence and crime. The respondents were selected through purposive sampling as the researcher sought typical and divergent data from the respondents. Data was collected through focus group interviews with nine young people aged nineteen to twenty- four years. The study established the following: Firstly, that violence is high in South African communities. It also found the following factors to be contributing to these high levels of violence: socialisation, unemployment, and family structures. The findings also indicated that some kinds of violence are normalised within the societies in which young people grow up in. Findings also indicate that, as a result of these violent behaviours, many South African youth lose their lives while others are imprisoned. This study also found that the environment in which a child grows up in has a greater impact on the child’s later behaviour in life. Overall, the study concluded that violence amongst the young people is a major problem facing South African communities. As one of the recommendations, the researcher indicated that punishing young people through imprisonment is not the solution, especially in a country where so many people are living in wretched poverty. Rather, the researcher recommended that minimising the levels of violence to which young people are exposed to on a daily basis could be one of the effective intervention strategies for decreasing this pandemic. This can be achieved by involving families, schools and communities in minimising this kind of exposure.
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Malalepe, Keagile. "The legitimacy of violence as a political act: an investigation of vandalism surrounding service delivery protests in South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18113.
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This study aimed at investigating the legitimacy of violence as political act, especially the issue of vandalism surrounding service delivery protests in South Africa. The investigation was conducted in a small township around Soweto called Kliptown as a case study. This study was necessitated by the increasing number of violent service delivery protests around all provinces in the country. The statement of the problem provided a foundation within which the aims of the study were explained. The importance of this research cannot be justified enough especially given the mounting daily protests witnessed over service delivery by different communities from different provinces around the country.
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Heron, Elizabeth Clare. "Vandalism in a South African township : an exploratory study of criminal damage to the built environment in Manenberg, Western Cape." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8578.
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Includes bibliographical references.The overall objective of this study is to identify the spatial distribution of vandalism and the causes of vandalism variance within a specific geographical area. The study concentrates on the impact of the built environment, particularly the design of the built environment as a motive for vandalism and has sought to identify the design elements of the built environment which encourage vandalism. The investigation for this study is limited to Manenberg, a residential township in the Western Cape. The methodology adopted for the study involves the collecting and interpretation of official police statistics of vandalism over a seven-year period. The statistical data is combined with the 1996 population census for the area. A GIS program is adopted in order to graphically represent the data. The statistical data is examined and presented in three focus areas: the frequency of vandalism, the nature of vandalism and the area and target of vandalism. Following the initial presentation, the data is compared to factors of the built environment specifically the design of the built environment. The study then presents the association between the design of the built environment and vandalism levels.
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Wolf, Ingmar. "Graffiti als kriminologisches und strafrechtsdogmatisches Problem /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/394169514.pdf.
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Preljevic, Dzenisa. "Statyn vandaliseras efter Hammarbyköpet - Medias publicering av vandaliseringen på Zlatan Ibrahimovics staty." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22262.
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Zlatans staty blir vandaliserad efter ett affärsbeslut, som egentligen inte har något med hans identitet att göra men ändå så skrivs det en hel del om honom som ’’den andre’’. Syftet med denna undersökningen är att ta reda på hur Zlatan representeras efter detta affärsbeslutet i nätpublikationerna jag valde att analysera. Till och med om det finns likheter om vad som skrivs mellan dessa tre olika nätpublikationerna jag valde att avgränsa mig till: Svenska Dagbladet, Sydsvenskan samt Dagens Nyheter. Nio artiklar sammanlagt men tre artiklar per nätpublikation, därför har jag valt att använda mig av kvalitativ metod såsom textanalys. I analysen kommer jag koppla resultatet till teorier som den föreställda gemenskapen, representation samt gestaltningsteorin. Resultatet visar att det finns likheter hur de olika nätpublikationera representerar Zlatan efter affärsbeslutet, det vill säga som ’’den andre’’.Zlatan's statue is vandalized after a business decision, which really has nothing to do with his identity, but still a lot is written about him as "the other". The purpose of this survey is to find out how Zlatan is represented after this business decision in the online publications I chose to analyze. I also want to find out if there are any similarities between the three online publications I chose: Svenska Dagbladet, Sydsvenskan and Dagens Nyheter. Nine articles in total but three articles per online publication, therefore I have chosen to use a qualitative method such as text analysis. In the analysis, I will link the results to theories such as the imagined community, representation and the design theory. The results show that there are similarities in how the different online publications represent Zlatan after the business decision, is as "the other".
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de, Almeida Yanaguizawa Juliana. "Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um escudo polimérico para minimizar a quebra de isoladores de vidro por vandalismo em linhas de transmissão." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2003. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/5442.
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Previous issue date: 2003Os isoladores são utilizados para isolar os condutores da terra, fixando-os e suportando-os nas linhas de transmissão. Na atualidade, existem vários tipos de isoladores. Especificamente, os isoladores de vidro possuem uma vida útil relativamente longa, podendo chegar a 40 anos ou mais. Do ponto de vista construtivo, o vidro do isolador é temperado e tem excelentes propriedades dielétricas; possui formato de um chapéu e é fixado entre duas partes metálicas denominadas campânula e pino. Eletricamente, o isolador de vidro comporta-se como um circuito RC. Em condições a seco e sem poluição,o isolador de vidro, na sua forma íntegra, suporta uma tensão próxima de 80 kV, e não mais que 12 kV quando quebrado. No campo, o isolador está sujeito a um ambiente vulnerável a cargas de natureza eletromecânica, à ação de intempéries e danificações por vandalismo. A quebra de isoladores de vidro por vandalismo é uma realidade nacional, responsável por um número significativo de desligamentos não programados, atingindo um valor em torno de 75%. Na presente dissertação, foi conduzido um estudo para projetar e construir um mecanismo de proteção da parte vítrea do isolador e avaliar a viabilidade de utilizá-lo nas linhas de transmissão. Dentre os vários materiais dielétricos, o policarbonato foi selecionado como material para escudo protetor, baseando-se num procedimento de engenharia. A resistência mecânica do sistema de escudos foi avaliada com ensaios de impacto e balístico. Ensaios de alta-tensão foram realizados para avaliar a performance do escudo na presença de descargas na freqüência industrial (60 Hz) e impulso de manobra no laboratório de alta tensão. Ademais, foi realizado um estudo sobre a possibilidade de aumentar a proteção do escudo de policarbonato contra raios ultravioleta provenientes do sol, utilizando radiação ionizante sobre o vidro. A resistência ao impacto do escudo de policarbonato de 6 mm de espessura foi avaliada com equipamento de impacto com pêndulo. Por exemplo, a quebra do vidro do isolador protegido com o escudo foi verificada com energia de impacto próxima de 515 J enquanto que sem proteção a quebra do vidro ocorreu com aproximadamente 205 J de energia. No ensaio balístico, projéteis disparados com Magnum 44, equivalente a um rifle, somente conseguiram quebrar até 3 isoladores de vidro em cadeia quando cada isolador é protegido com o escudo. Em termos de ensaios com alta-tensão, o policarbonato praticamente não exerceu influência sobre os valores de tensão disruptiva de uma cadeia de isoladores de vidro. Em freqüência industrial, uma cadeia com 16 isoladores de vidro, possuindo apenas 7 unidades inteiras distribuídas quase uniformemente ao longo da cadeia apresentou valor de tensão disruptiva igual a 500 kV sem escudos, contra 505 kV com 10 escudos (colocados nos isoladores mais superiores da cadeia). O policarbonato apresentou boa estabilidade dimensional quando da ocorrência de arco elétrico, e não propiciou a formação de chama. Medidas espectroscópicas de ultravioleta mostraram que a camada de proteção contra a radiação UV presente nas chapas de policarbonato permite que o material absorva substancialmente os raios nocivos e aumente sua durabilidade. Por outro lado, a técnica de irradiação do vidro com raios-γ possibilitou uma melhoria substancial nos valores de absorção UV do vidro dos isoladores. O cut-off que era observado em torno de 325 nm passou para valores acima de 600 nm após airradiação com diferentes doses de raios-γ de Co-60. Ensaios adicionais sobre o fator tempo e temperatura, como tratamento térmico das amostras irradiadas feito a 70°C por sete dias, mostraram que o vidro não sofreu degradação com relação ao poder de absorção UV induzido pela irradiação com raios-γ. As propriedades do vidro, características de vidros soda-cal, estabilizaram-se após os primeiros 30 dias de irradiação. Em termos do custo de cada placa de policarbonato sugerido para o escudo, foi encontrado o valor de R$ 27,73. Por ser leve (aproximadamente 485 g), o escudo de policarbonato não prejudica o desempenho mecânico da cadeia de isoladores. O material é facilmente usinável, sendo também inofensivo ao meio ambiente e não atrai a atenção de curiosos nas linhas de transmissão pela ausência de coloração
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de, Almeida Yanaguizawa de Carvalho Juliana. "Blindagem balística de compósito polimérico contra o vandalismo e proteção UV para cadeias de isoladores de vidro em linhas de transmissão." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/9377.
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Previous issue date: 2008Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O objetivo deste trabalho foi induzir a absorção UV de vidros soda-cal sílica por irradiação gama, bem como avaliar as propriedades mecânicas, elétricas e a microestrutura do policarbonato (PC), com e sem tratamento térmico, e do compósito epóxi-vidro, com a finalidade de se obter um protótipo para linhas de transmissão composto por uma cadeia de isoladores de vidro absorvedor de radiação UV solar e escudos balísticos contra a quebra da parte vítrea por vandalismo. Vidros soda-cal sílica foram irradiados com fonte de 60Co em doses de 0,5 kGy a 50 kGy e apresentaram um aumento substancial na absorção UV: o comprimento de onda de corte (cut-off) passou de 295 nm para valores acima de 600 nm, dependendo da dose de irradiação. Notou-se a instabilidade dos centros de cor induzidos pela irradiação gama acima de 10 kGy, em temperatura ambiente, através de medidas de densidade óptica relativa e alterações nos espectros UV-Vis monitoradas por cerca de um ano e dois meses. A estabilização dos centros de cores induzidos ocorreu em torno de 40 dias após a irradiação. Ensaios de alta tensão numa cadeia com dezesseis isoladores de vidro, sendo nove quebrados (condição de isolamento mínimo) em diferentes arranjos, mostraram que a colocação de escudos de PC não prejudicou o desempenho elétrico da cadeia. Ademais, a distribuição uniforme dos isoladores inteiros ao longo da cadeia foi responsável pelo maior valor de tensão disruptiva. Propriedades mecânicas do PC e compósito epóxi-vidro foram avaliadas por ensaios de tração, impacto Charpy e medidas de microdureza. A análise termogravimétrica mostrou que até 300°C não houve perda de massa no compósito e PC; foi obtida uma correlação linear positiva entre a temperatura de transição vítrea e a rigidez dielétrica desses materiais. No entanto, o tratamento térmico do PC até 180°C no forno elétrico, acima da temperatura de transição vítrea, ocasionou a formação de bolhas no interior das amostras, indicando um estágio de degradação do material caracterizado por maior microdureza, menor rigidez dielétrica e fragilização do polímero em relação ao PC íntegro. Um dispositivo de impacto foi desenvolvido especialmente para simular o impacto de projéteis de armas de fogo em laboratório e avaliar a resistência ao impacto de isoladores de vidro e escudos balísticos. No ensaio balístico com munições e armas diversas, incluindo carabina Puma 38, o material compósito epóxi-vidro na espessura de 10 mm protegeu todos os isoladores de vidro em cadeia um desempenho não obtido com o PC de 12 mm
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Malmborg, Simon. "Ungdomar som vandaliserar : enkätstudie om fem yrkesprofessioners syn på orsaksförklaringar." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal University College, Department of Social Work, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-353.
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Blom, Lidén Martin. "När Ikaros syster mötte sin publik : En skulpturs liv i offentligheten." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för kultur och estetik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-181480.
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Den här uppsatsen är en responshistorisk undersökning av Karin Wards skulptur Ikaros syster och dess möte med sin publik. Syftet är att förstå de starka reaktioner skulpturen väckte. De huvudsakliga frågeställningarna lyder: Hur kan de handgripliga förändringarna av verkets utseende tolkas? Vilka förväntningar på den offentliga konsten uttrycktes i debatten och bevakningen i massmedia? Undersökningen visar att responsen var häftig och omfattande: en intensiv debatt bröt ut i lokalpressen, och under åren 1978–80 hade verket en framskjuten plats i det lokala offentliga samtalet. Många irriterade sig på verket och dömde ut det som fult eller pornografiskt medan andra försvarade verket på estetiska och principiella grunder. Debatten bottnade i stort sett i två konkurrerande idéer om den offentliga konstens uppgift; Skulle ett offentligt verk behaga alla genom att gestalta ett objektivt eller konventionellt skönhetsideal, eller skulle den offentliga konsten tillåtas vara heterogen och därigenom behaga heterogena preferenser och stödja konstnärernas fria skapande? Skulpturens utseende förändrades flera gånger under den perioden, bland annat sprängdes ett hål i verket – en skada konstnären reparerade genom att omgestalta verket. Sådana handgripligheter kan tolkas som fysiska uttryck för åsikter som återfinns i den offentliga debatten om verket. Samtidigt förändrade de i sin tur verkets uttryck och betydelse.
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Oliveira, Marcos Roberto Russo de, and 92-98146-9052. "Amizades, porradas, facadas e caseiras fumegantes: uma história das galeras de Manaus (1985-2000)." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2017. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/6093.
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FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas
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Felippe, Maíra Longhinotti. "Contribuições do ambiente físico e psicossocial da escola para o cuidado com a edificação." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2012. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/93842.
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Inserido no contexto da violência escolar, o vandalismo reúne um conjunto de atos de agressão contra o patrimônio construído que acarreta prejuízos de ordem financeira, sócio-cultural e educacional. Desse modo, este estudo objetivou identificar características físicas e psicossociais do ambiente da escola que se relacionam à prática do cuidado com a edificação. Adotou delineamento de métodos mistos, empregou estratégia de investigação qualitativa-quantitativa e assumiu perfil descritivo. A pesquisa ocorreu em uma escola da rede pública em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, ao longo de duas etapas: (a) levantamento do estado de conservação e das características de projeto das instalações; (b) administração de questionário auto-aplicável em situação coletiva. Quinhentos e oito estudantes da sétima série do Ensino Fundamental à terceira série do Ensino Médio responderam ao questionário. O tratamento de dados envolveu análise estatística descritiva e relacional, com auxílio do programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences, e análise de conteúdo temático-categorial. Além de um conjunto de cognições positivamente valorizadas por estudantes acerca de espaços escolares, foram considerados atributos relacionados ao cuidado com a edificação: as condições espaciais para a vigilância; a possibilidade de construção de uma identidade de lugar; o tempo de contato com o mesmo ambiente; o estado de conservação das instalações; a definição de propriedade do espaço; os tipos de materiais de revestimentos; além de características associadas à pessoa e ao ambiente social, como sexo, motivação intrínseca e sentimentos de raiva ou insatisfação. Seus resultados confirmaram as hipóteses de que tanto o cuidado ambiental, como a experiência de apego ao lugar ocorrem em contextos de características específicas, e que o apego ao lugar é um preditor de cuidado com o ambiente.
In the school violence context, vandalism means a set of aggression acts against the built heritage which entails educational, financial and cultural damages. In this way, this work has aimed the identification of physical and psychosocial features of the school environment which are related with the care of the built environment. The research used mixed methods, qualitative and quantitative research strategy, assuming the descriptive profile. It was carried out in a public school of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, in two steps: (a) evaluation of the conservation state and of the design features of the installations; (b) administration of self-applied survey in collective situation. Five hundred and eight students since the seventh grade of the elementary school until the last year of the high school have answered the survey questions. The data were analyzed by relational and descriptive statistics, with the use of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, and also by the analysis of thematic-categorical content. Besides a set of cognitions positively valued by students about the school spaces, Were considered as attributes related to the care of the building: the spatial conditions for the surveillance; the possibility of a place identity development; the contact time with the same environment; the conservation state of the building; the definition of space property; the kind of coating material; well as characteristics associated to the individual and the social environment, such as gender, intrinsic motivation and angry or insatisfaction feelings. The results confirmed the hypothesis that both the environmental care and the experience of place attachment happen in contexts of specific features and, additionally, that place attachment is a predictor of the care to the environment.
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Tyala, Sindiswa. "An investigation of issues adversely affecting black education, with special relation to poverty, vandalism and school fee payments : a study of some Eastern Cape primary schools." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/625.
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The focus of this research was to establish how black primary school principals in some Port Elizabeth schools manage the problems of poverty, vandalism and non-payment of school fees. The aim of this research was to improve these burning issues at my own school, but also to assist other schools which are encountering similar problems with regard to these three issues. Qualitative research methods were used. Data was collected by studying relevant literature and conducting semi-structured interviews and participant observation. Composite case studies of the schools were compiled. Content analysis was used to analyse the data and recommendations for improvement were made. The results of the research indicate that since 1994, when democracy and equal human rights were declared, primary schools have actually been experiencing escalating problems in terms of poverty, vandalism and school fee payment. As the school system is closely intertwined with the socio-economic and political dimensions of society, these challenges can only be effectively addressed if all stakeholders in education collectively take up ownership of these problems and commit themselves to finding unique and effective solutions in the Port Elizabeth urban and rural areas.
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Salvatierra, Gonzales Naomi. "Cuando la pelota se mancha: los desafíos y dificultades en el control de la violencia en el fútbol durante el 2013-2018." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/17217.
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La violencia en el fútbol peruano ha estado presente desde hace ya tres décadas.
En 2013, el Estado al ver como esta problemática ha desbordado a la sociedad
por riesgo para la seguridad ciudadana, responde con la ley Nº30037: ley que
previene y sanciona la violencia en el fútbol. Tras cinco años, ningún club recibió
alguna multa y la situación lejos de ser controlada, parece haberse replegado.
Es por ello que esta tesis tiene como objetivo ver cuáles son los desafíos y
dificultades en el control de la violencia en el fútbol peruano alrededor de los
agentes estatales, los clubes de fútbol y las “barras bravas” durante el 2013-
2018. La investigación considera que las dificultades se forman tanto desde el
Estado como en los actores sociales; en los primeros por su falta de capacidad
para implementar la ley y la falta de voluntad para hacerla cumplir. Asimismo,
dentro de los actores sociales, se crean alianzas fuertes que lejos de apoyar la
implementación de la ley, buscan la manera de no cumplirla para mantener sus
relaciones informales. Para demostrar ello, el trabajo que es de corte cualitativo,
se apoyará en entrevistas semi estructuradas a los actores involucrados y
observación participante en los lugares donde se presentan los actos de
violencia.Trabajo de investigación
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Appelsved, Emelie. "Graffiti på spel : En kvalitativ undersökning, via NUG, om graffitins autonomi." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Konstvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-33650.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Comments regarding Swedish graffiti writer NUG’s film Territorial Pissing (2008) express how graffiti and art appear to be two different worlds and when these worlds come together the expression of graffiti seems to transform. This thesis, Graffiti at stake: a qualitative study, via NUG, about the autonomy in graffiti, aims to both examine and bring about a general discussion on whether graffiti is autonomous when it enters the art world. The thesis also discusses transformed content and expression in the works of NUG when performed in a different context; what is exhibited in an institutional art context and what positions does NUG occupy? The French sociologist Pierre Bourdieus conceptions field and autonomy has been used as a theoretical framework, and partly as method as well. By studying the works of NUG another expression has been found within an institutional art context – black irrational lines and cascades. These are interpreted as energy generated from the act of performing graffiti and have been discussed in relation to the graffiti- and art practice as well as the symbolic capital. The thesis argues that the autonomy is situated in what is recognized and acknowledged. The thesis also concludes that NUG is entering into a masculine, conventional and strong artist position, similar to Pollock.Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Uppsatsen, Graffiti på spel: en kvalitativ undersökning, via NUG, om graffitins autonomi, tar avstamp i kommentarer rörande den svenska graffitiutövaren NUG:s videoverk Territorial Pissing (2008). Kommentarer som uttrycker att graffiti och konst tycks vara två separata världar och när dessa världar möts tycks uttrycket i graffiti inte vara detsamma – är det graffiti? Om graffiti är autonomt när det inträder i konstens fält är en generell diskussion som denna uppsats lämnar ett bidrag till. NUG har en magisterexamen i konst och tillhör de största namnen på Sveriges och Europas graffitiscener. Inom en konstinstitutionell kontext har ett annat uttryck, än de traditionella graffitibokstäverna, kunnat konstateras; irrationella streck och kaskader av svart sprayfärg. De förstås som energi, alstrad från akten att måla graffiti, samt framstår som en nödvändighet. Uppsatsen diskuterar en graffitipraktik och dess relation till konstfältet. I konstens fält står graffiti på spel och autonomin hamnar i det som igenkännes och erkännes. Detta är också en uppsats om hur NUG går från en manlig utövarposition, in till en manlig, konventionell och stark konstnärsposition, i förening med Pollock, samt hur NUG har en fot i ”graffitins fält” respektive en fot i konstens fält och hur han manövrerar dessa fält.
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Shrestha, Joseph, and Dustin Lee Osborne. "An Exploratory Look at Thefts from Construction Sites." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5471.
Full textAbstract:
Theft of construction equipment, materials, and tools from construction sites results in approximately one billion dollars in direct annual losses to the U.S. construction industry per year. A better understanding of theft characteristics is vital to reducing this figure. This study analyzes over 15,000 incidents from the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) to understand characteristics such as theft prevalence, average monetary losses, and recovery rates. The study finds that contractors lost an average of about $6,000 per incident. Trucks are the most expensive theft targets, with an average loss of about $42,000 per incident, and also the most likely item to be recovered (55% of the time). However, recovery rate across all targets was less than 7%. The results of this study provide the most accurate and extensive statistics to date on construction theft characteristics. The study also identifies best practices to reduce thefts such as the use of survellience systems. Further, the use of advanced marking and tracking systems to safeguard expensive equipment and vehicles and aid their recoveries are discussed. The findings are expected to aid contractors and law enforcement agencies in formulating methods for reducing thefts of construction items and improving the likelihood of their recoveries.
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Roberta, Pereira Leite Luiza. "Melhoramento da tensão disruptiva de cadeias de isoladores de vidro para linhas de transmissão." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2006. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/5559.
Full textAbstract:
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Previous issue date: 2006As cadeias de isoladores de vidro são largamente utilizadas tanto para isolar os condutores de eletricidade da terra como suportá-los mecanicamente nas torres das linhas de transmissão. A quebra parcial ou total das partes vítreas dos isoladores de vidro, por exemplo, por vandalismo, reduz drasticamente a suportabilidade à tensão elétrica devido à diferença de potencial e é um problema mundial porque é responsável por um número significativo de desligamentos não programados pelas empresas do setor elétrico. Na presente dissertação, visou-se estudar a tensão de disrupção numa cadeia de isoladores de vidro com diferentes unidades com a parte vítrea quebrada simulando uma linha de transmissão de 230 kV. Visou-se também desenvolver técnicas para aumentar a suportabilidade à tensão de disrupção aumentando a rigidez dielétrica da atmosfera em torno da cadeia de isoladores, assim como dos isoladores com aplicação de materiais dielétricos. Os seguintes experimentos foram realizados visando atingir os objetivos: (i) caracterizar os isoladores por radiografia digital para conhecer detalhes de sua estrutura interna; (ii) estudar a influência da distribuição dos isoladores de vidro com as saias vítrea quebradas ao longo da cadeia com dezesseis unidades, (iii) estudar a influência de atmosferas de ar e de gás SF6 sob pressões de até 1,3 atm numa câmara de acrílico utilizando até três isoladores e à freqüência industrial (60 Hz), (iv) estudar a utilização da jaqueta polimérica para aumentar a tensão disruptiva de isoladores. Estudos das tensões disruptivas foram realizadas em cadeias com 12, 10 e 9 isoladores de vidro com parte vítrea quebrada e distribuídos ao longo da cadeia em cinco diferentes configurações. Para efeito de comparação, a temperatura, pressão e umidade relativa foram corrigidas de acordo com a norma NBR 6936. As medidas de tensão disruptiva foram realizadas à freqüência industrial e sob impulso de manobra nas polaridades positiva e negativa. Como resultado, nas cadeias de isoladores de vidro com 6 unidades inteiras e 10 quebradas, observou-se uma diferença significante nos valores das tensões disruptivas em função da mudança na distribuição dos isoladores inteiros e quebrados ao longo da cadeia. Um resultado interessante ocorreu quando utilizamos 6 isoladores inteiros uniformemente distribuídos ao longo da cadeia e intercalados com 10 isoladores quebrados, onde obteve-se a tensão disruptiva de 459 kV, maior que quando utilizamos 7 isoladores inteiros intercalados com 9 quebrados, onde obteve-se o valor de tensão disruptiva de 448 kV. Este resultado pode ser atribuído à distribuição não uniforme de campo elétrico ao longo da cadeia e aumento do caminho. Nos ensaios com a câmara de atmosfera controlada, não se observou influência significativa da atmosfera de ar e SF6 e da pressão no valor da tensão disruptiva nos isoladores de vidro com as saias quebradas, que foi em torno de 15 kV. Por outro lado, o valor da tensão disruptiva para isoladores inteiros sob atmosfera de SF6 e sob a pressão de 1.3 atm alcançou um valor de 120 kV, enquanto que o valor da tensão disruptiva na atmosfera de ar e pressão local foi de 80 kV. Estudo comparativo sobre a tensão disruptiva da cadeia de 16 isoladores de vidro com as partes de vidro totalmente quebradas mas com pinos revestidos com jaqueta de nylon mostrou que a tensão disruptiva foi de 375 kV, que é cerca de 3,5 vezes superior do que uma cadeia com 16 isoladores quebrados convencionais. Consequentemente, os resultados positivos obtidos no presente trabalho poderão, com estudos mais detalhados, assegurar no futuro: um maior segurança na atuação das equipes que trabalham na manutenção de linhas energizadas e minimizar a quantidade de desligamentos das linhas de transmissão
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Grünseisen, Vojtěch. "Vyhledávání graffiti tagů podle podobnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236413.
Full textAbstract:
This work focuses on a possibility of using current computer vision alghoritms and methods for automatic similarity matching of so called graffiti tags. Those are such graffiti, that are used as a fast and simple signature of their authors. The process of development and implementation of CBIR system, which is created for this task, is described. For the purposes of finding images similarity, local features are used, most notably self-similarity features.
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Tenorio, Gamonal Percy Alberto. "Implementación de una estrategia para la prevención de la violencia en los espectáculos deportivos en el marco de la ley n°30037." Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/13501.
Full textAbstract:
El presente trabajo tiene como objeto evidenciar de manera técnica el fenómeno
social que se ha generado en las últimas décadas en Perú producto de la violencia en el interior de los equipos grandes; existen varias aristas, pero un solo resultado; la percepción de inseguridad en las calles y los escenarios deportivos. Por el impacto que genera en la ciudadanía, es necesario que se realice un estudio sistemático, riguroso, contextualizado, holístico, comparativo y desde una perspectiva
multidisciplinaria y crítica para poder tener un conocimiento más claro de lo que ocurre en el mundo social de la actualidad. Por lo tanto, el presente trabajo es de tipo cualitativo, donde se consultaron y analizaron fuentes secundarias para
posteriormente realizar entrevistas semi-estructuradas. Se han elaborado una serie de guías para las entrevistas, éstas se colocaron en una matriz de acuerdo al tipo de actor que fue entrevistado. Es necesaria la implementación de un proyecto para afianzar la posición de la Policía Nacional del Perú frente a estos problemas sociales que vienen incrementándose en el día a día y causando un gran trastorno al desarrollarse las actividades normales de todos los ciudadanos sin distinción alguna en todo el territorio nacionalThe present work has an objective to demonstrate in a technical way the social phenomenon that has been generated in the last decades in Peru producto of the violence inside the big teams; there are several edges, pero only one result; the perception of insecurity in the streets and sports venues. Because of the impact it generates on citizens, it es necessary to carry out a systematic, rigorous, contextualized, holistic, comparative study from a multidisciplinary and critical perspective in order to have a clearer knowledge of what is happening in today’s social world. Therefore, the present work is of a qualitative nature, where secondary sources were consulted and analyzed for later semi-structured interviews. A series of guides have been prepared for the interviews, these were placed in a matrix according to the type of actor that was interviewed. It is necessary to implement a project to strengthen the position of the National Police of Peru in the face of these social problems that are increasing day by day and causing a great upheaval when developing the normal activities of all citizens without any distinction in the entire national territory
Trabajo de investigación
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Laterman, Ilana. "Violências, incivilidades e indisciplinas no meio escolar :: um estudo em duas escolas da rede pública /." Florianópolis, SC, 1999. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/80754.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-18T18:55:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2016-01-09T01:34:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 141907.pdf: 25288399 bytes, checksum: 648f5a584deaa749bd20881eba7fd678 (MD5)