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Sperlich, Wolfgang B. 1948. "Namakir: a description of a central Vanuatu language." Thesis, University of Auckland, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2314.
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This is a description of the phonology, morphology and syntax of Namakir, a language of the Oceanic subgroup of Austronesian, which is spoken on some six small islands of the Shepherd Islands, central Vanuatu. My perspective on Namakir is that of a person trained in linguistics, who carried out linguistic fieldwork for the purpose of grammatical description. In addition I contributed to ethnographic work as well as compiling data for a dictionary, part of which is appended to the present description. Namakir is a conservative language which retains many features that make Oceanic languages unique. Thus it is a valuable witness for comparative and reconstructive work in Oceanic linguistics. The physical, social and historical setting of Namakir is detailed in the introductory chapter. A section on theoretical issues concerning the descriptive enterprise is included. The chapter on phonology outlines the Namakir consonant and vowel inventories, with due emphasis on the glottal stop which, as a reflex of the Proto-Oceanic glottal stop, is a unique occurence in Vanuatu languages Sections on phonotactics, stress and phonological processes add to the basic description of segments. In the chapter on morphophonemics the dynamics of derivational processes are explored. A major section deals with consonant alternation, a phenomenon widely discussed in Oceanic Linguistics. The major form classes are detailed in the next chapter. Nominals, determiners, adjectives, verbs and adverbs are established as word categories and paradigm tables are provided for comprehensive overviews. The last chapter on Namakir syntax provides a systematic description of noun phrase and verb phrase. Possessive constructions receive special attention as they exhibit a number of unusual features. The verb phrase is discussed within the framework of the Oceanic definition of verb and periphery which include subject markers as well as pronominal objects. The Namakir mood and aspectual system is presented in detail. A major section deals with serial verb constructions in relation to current descriptive theories. The concluding sections discuss selected items regarding complex sentence structures. Negation and question sentences, existential and comparative sentence types are included. Coordination together with direct and indirect speech is noted to use forms of a quotative verb, being especially significant in the organisation of narrative sequences. Relative and temporal clauses share a single overt marker. A morpheme-to-morpheme glossed narrative is appended to demonstrate narrative style. A substantial Namakir-English-Bislama wordlist is added as a repository of data collected during fieldwork.
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Henri, Agnès. "Eléments de description d'une langue mélanésienne du Vanuatu, le sungwadia." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040183.
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Cette thèse consiste en une description du sun̄wadia, langue mélanésienne parlée dans l'île de Maewo, située dans la partie centre-nord du Vanuatu (Pacifique Sud). La description est basée sur deux séjours de terrain de trois mois chacun. La langue présente, à des stades plus ou moins poussés, les traits caractéristiques de la famille austronésienne: l'existence d'un article personnel, une tendance à l'omniprédicativité, la modification de la structure argumentale du verbe par quelques morphèmes hérités du système à applicatif des langues situées plus haut dans la généalogie de la famille. Elle présente également le système de marques personnelles très reconnaissable des langues austronésiennes.Il s'agit d'une langue relativement conservatrice sur le plan phonologique, mais dont la morphologie dérivationnelle apparaît assez érodée (il n'existe ni conjugaison verbale, ni déclinaison casuelle, ni marquage morphologique du nombre sur les noms). La thèse s'organise en six parties. La première étudie la phonologie, la morphophonologie, et la structure morphologique du mot sun̄wadia, ainsi que les phénomènes de sandhi. La seconde partie s'intéresse aux parties du discours et pose quelques bases syntaxiques sur lesquelles s'appuiera le reste de l'étude. Les quatre parties suivantes étudient successivement le fonctionnement du syntagme substantival, celui de la prédication (structurée par le recours fondamental aux constructions à verbes sériels), le système de repérage et de référence temporels, spatiaux et circonstanciels, et enfin l'organisation de l'énoncé. La thèse est accompagnée d'un extrait de corpus glosé d'une douzaine de pages<br>This PHD thesis consists in a description of Sun̄wadia, a melanesian language spoken in Maewo Island, Central-NorthVanuatu (South-Pacific). It is based on two fieldworks of three months each.This language exhibits, in a variable extension, some of the typical characters of the austronesian languages: it has a personal article, tends towards omnipredicativity; the argumental structure of the verb undergoes modifications via a few morphemes related to the applicative systems of languages that are situated higher in the genetic tree of the family. The language also has the typical pronominal system of austronesian languages.Sun̄wadia is a relatively conservative language, on the phonemic level at least, but its morphology appears to be quite eroded (there aren't any verbal conjugation, nor any nominal declension, nor any morphological marking of number on the noun). This thesis is organised in six parts. The first one studies phonemics, morphophonemics, and the morphological structure of the Sun̄wadia word, as well as sandhi phenomenon. The second part concerns the parts of speech and lays down some syntaxic grounds that will be useful to the rest of the study. The last four parts review the substantival syntagm, the functioning of predication (which is mostly built around serial verbs constructions); the temporal, spatial, and circumstantial reference, and, lastly, the global organisation of the clause. The thesis comes with a short excerpt of our oral corpus (a dozen of pages)
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Touati, Benjamin. "Description du sakao, langue océanienne du nord-est Santo (Vanuatu) : phonologie, morphologie, syntaxe, sémantique et éléments de socio-linguistique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040244.
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Le sakao est une langue océanienne parlée par plus de 1500 personnes, au nord-est de l'île d'Espiritu Santo, au Vanuatu. Cette thèse se fonde sur un travail de terrain de 8 mois au total. Après une présentation détaillée de la situation sociolinguistique de la région, elle décrit en détail la grammaire du sakao, à travers différents aspects : phonologie, morphologie, syntaxe et sémantique. Bien que présentant des traits caractéristiques de sa famille comme une tendance à la multiprédicativité, l'utilisation de séries verbales, ou encore le système de possession, la langue est assez innovante, notamment sur les plans phonologique et morphologique. L'ensemble de la thèse tente également de mettre en évidence les interactions entre structures intonatives et morphosyntaxe. Par ailleurs, cette thèse propose une étude détaillée de différents points, parmi lesquels : un marquage différencié de l'indéfini selon le mode REALIS/IRREALIS ; le système aspectuel et ses interactions avec le mode et l'Aktionsart ; le repérage spatial et la deixis (système à six degrés) ; et les notions de topicalisation, de focalisation, et de cadre discursif. La présente thèse comprend en annexe deux textes extraits du corpus oral, traduits et glosés, ainsi qu'une liste des différences majeures entre le sakao et le nkep, qui peuvent êtreconsidérés comme deux dialectes d'une même langue : le wanohe<br>Sakao is an Oceanic language spoken by more than 1500 people in the north-east area of Espiritu Santo Island (Vanuatu, South Pacific). The present thesis is based on a total of eight months' fieldwork. After a thorough description of the sociolinguistic situation in the area, it describes the main phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic features of Sakao. Sakao presents characteristic features of an Oceanic language (e.g. a tendency toward multipredicativity, the use of serial verbs constructions, the expression of possession, etc.). However, this language is also innovative, especially regarding its phonology and its morphology. The entire thesis also attempts to highlight the interaction between intonation and morphosyntactic structures. The thesis also proposes a precise study of various issues, including the following: differential marking of the indefinite depending on the mood of the sentence; the aspectual system and its interactions with mood and Aktionsart; spatial reference and the six-degree deictic system; and the notions of topicalization, focus, and discourse frame. The appendix presents the transcription of two narratives from our oral corpus (together with their glosses and French translations), as well as a list of the main differences between Sakao and Nkep, considered here as two dialects of a same language: Wanohe
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François, Alexandre. "Contraintes de structures et liberté dans l'organisation du discours : une description du mwotlap, langue océanienne du Vanuatu." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136463.
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Langue de tradition orale parlée par 1800 personnes au nord du Vanuatu (Mélanésie, Pacifique), le mwotlap [motlav] appartient à la branche océanienne de la famille austronésienne. Au fil d'une description grammaticale aussi complète que possible, le mwotlap nous permet d'aborder diverses problématiques dans l'esprit de la linguistique générale et typologique : phonologie, morphologie ; catégories syntaxiques, opposition verbo-nominale ; construction de la référence, déixis, possession et quantification ; valence, diathèse et séries verbales ; opérations aspecto-modales ; pragmatique du discours et argumentation. Chaque fait de langue est à la fois décrit en synchronie, et replacé dans son contexte historique. Se dessinent ainsi de multiples parcours de grammaticalisation, des processus de réanalyses formelles ou sémantiques ; et parfois, sous la pression des diverses contraintes cognitives ou structurelles, la puissance de l'innovation conduit à de spectaculaires bouleversements.
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Malapa, Roger. "Description de la diversité de Dioscorea alata L. Du Vanouatou à l’aide de marqueurs agro-morphologiques et moléculaires (AFLP) : Relations avec les autres espèces de la section Enanthiophyllum." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NSARC078.
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Ce travail de thèse, effectué en partie à Montpellier et au Vanouatou, a été réalisé en vue de décrire la diversité des cultivars d’igname de Dioscorea alata L. , et leur relation avec l’espèce D. Nummularia Lam. Le matériel végétal étudié était issu en grande partie de la collection nationale du Vanouatou et a été complété avec du matériel issu de prospection en ce qui concerne D. Nummularia. Des accessions élites de D. Alata provenant de Mélanésie et d'Asie ont également été utilisées dans le cadre d’une étude comparative. Sur le plan ethnobotanique, les savoirs traditionnels montrent qu’il existe plusieurs cultivars de D. Alata et de D. Nummularia. Ils sont utilisés soit pour la consommation courante, soit pour acquérir du prestige. L’évaluation de la diversité de D. Alata à l’aide de 26 descripteurs agromorphologiques saisis sur 331 accessions de D. Alata confirme l’existence d’une importante variabilité phénotypique. L’étude des niveaux de ploïdie révèlent que cette diversité a également une base cytologique avec l’existence des séries 2n = 4x, 6x, 8x pour D. Alata et 2n = 6x, 8x, 10 à 12x pour D. Nummularia. Elle indique que les cultivars de prestige sont essentiellement des hexaploïdes et des octoploïdes. Cette diversité est également vérifiée au niveau moléculaire par les AFLP qui révèlent que D. Nummularia est un taxon hétérogène. Il inclurait quatre espèces distinctes dont D. Transversa Br. Il montre également que D. Alata et D. Nummularia sont des espèces distantes mais possédant un fond génétique commun. Les résultats obtenus sont discutés en relation avec les perspectives visant l’amélioration des cultivars de D. Alata<br>This thesis, which’s goal is to describe the diversity of cultivated yam (Dioscorea alata L. ) cultivars and their relation with D. Nummularia Lam. , was conducted between Montpellier (France) and Vanuatu. The plant material that was studied came from the Vanuatu National Collection, and, in the case of D. Nummularia, was completed by material stemming from prospections. Elite accessions of D. Alata originating from Melanesia and Asia were also used in this comparative study. Traditional knowledge shows that D. Alata and D. Nummularia comprise a number of cultivars. These are used for consumption, as well as to acquire prestige. The evaluation of the diversity of 331 accessions of D. Alata using 26 agromorphological descriptors confirms the great phenotypical diversity of this species. The study of ploidy level reveals that this diversity also posses a cytological basis, with ploidy levels ranging from 2n = 4x, 6x and 8x for D. Alata, and 2n = 6x, 8x, 10 to 12x for D. Nummularia. Ceremonial cultivars are essentially hexa- and octaploids. The diversity was also studied at the molecular level using AFLPs. D. Nummularia appears to be heterogeneous taxon, which could include four distinct species, although sharing a common genetic background. The results of this study are discussed within the perspective of the genetic improvement of cultivated yam, D. Alata
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Dömötör, Ildikó. "Gentlewomen in the bush : a historical interpretation of British women's personal narratives in nineteenth-century rural Australia." Monash University, School of Political and Social Inquiry, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5283.
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Patkar, Manjiri. "Virtual imagery in nineteenth century French travel narratives perception and description of architectural space /." Diss., University of Iowa, 2002. http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/192.
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Kotzé, Louis Jacobus Daniël. "An investigation into the coverage of diverse forms of tourism in South African travel magazines." Thesis, University of Port Elizabeth, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/339.
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There have been several changes in tourism in South Africa since 1994. During apartheid, black people were not allowed to become involved in important aspects of tourism, particularly at management level. However, this situation is changing and all cultures are gradually becoming engaged in th e tourism industry. The economic progress of the black community has resulted in the materialization of cultural villages, tourism projects to give rural people jobs, and an increase in township tourist attractions, heritage tours, etc. These initiatives have led to the establishment of certain types of tourism such as cultural tourism, urban tourism and community-based tourism. It could be said without hesitation, at the prescientific level, that the diversity in cultures, for one, is a major attraction of this country. Another change has been the increase in tourism from countries which have been excluded from South Africa in the past. Examples of these are African countries such as Kenya and Nigeria, as well as countries on other continents, including India, Bangladesh and the East-European bloc. Up to 2003/4, South Africa experienced the longest uninterrupted period of economic growth in its history. This resulted in people being able to afford a higher standard of living and therefore having more money to spend on travelling. as the economic growth stimulated the growth of tourism, both local and foreign, in the country. Seen from the perspective of the tourism industry, it is important to keep the public informed and up to date about what a country has to offer in order to maintain the increase in tourism. The media assist in this process. The travelling public is informed by word of mouth, but also through newspapers, magazines, television and radio. Information about the different attractions, whether cultures, wildlife or sport, et cetera, would not always be easy to find, were it not for the media. As tourism grows, more tourist attractions will develop, with a bigger need for tourists to be informed as an immediate result. The role of the media in this information giving is th erefore constantly on the increase.
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Spyker, Stephen K. "Spirituality and technology on the Appalachian Trail : a study in frontiers." Virtual Press, 2004. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1290777.
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Haubenstricker, Daniel L. "Images of Madison, Indiana : a method for tourism planning in historic places." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/450105.
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The goal of the thesis is to plan for tourism in a historic community in a manner that would enrich the experiences of its visitors and residents. In order to avoid tourism's undesirable impacts, a method is presented to document residents' and visitors' problems and the improvements they desire, and to describe and compare their images of Madison.Data collection begins with structured interviews followed by a questionnaire distributed to random samples of residents and visitors. The results of the questionnaire analysis establish the residents' and visitors' images. The two images are compared using statistical tests to identify the places with greatest, moderate, and least image differences. Out of the twenty-six places tested, eleven show significant image differences.The image findings are incorporated into the site analysis for tourism. Objectives for tourism are expressed in a concept diagram, and then refined in a conceptual plan. The accompanying recommendations outline policies for proposed facilities, visitor-resident relations, and environmental education.<br>Department of Landscape Architecture
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Diamond, Katherine. "Reducing these loose papers into this order : a bibliographical sociology of the Principall Navigations (1589)." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8362.
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This thesis takes the first edition of Principall Navigations, Voiages and Discoveries of the English Nation (1589) as its focus. A significant, sixteenth-century printed text and Richard Hakluyt’s major work, it is familiar to scholars of the period. Its rich archival source has aided understanding of early modern geography, English discovery and cultural encounters. It has also been evaluated in relation to Hakluyt’s substantial contribution to the burgeoning literature of vernacular prose and to imperial expansionism. My thesis conceives a social history of the production, transmission and reception of Principall Navigations from bibliographical analysis, an investigative method that has remained largely untapped. In each chapter, I incorporate information drawn from the material text into an appreciation of historical practice and relocate Principall Navigations more precisely in its socio-historical moment. This engages with and, in some cases, destabilizes current critical positions. In the first chapter, I explore the importance of Hakluyt’s patrons. Francis Walsingham’s essential role is recorded through his connection with the various interdependent networks of people involved in the book’s production and Hakluyt’s description of his ‘prescribed limites’. This chapter re-evaluates authorial subjectivity. In chapter two, Walsingham’s authority over the Queen’s printing house generally and the production of Principall Navigations particularly is traced through the examination of the Stationers’ Company archive and the evolution of the office of the royal printer. This chapter contends that Walsingham commanded the production of Principall Navigations. Chapter three represents a bibliographical study which integrates the production of Principall Navigations into the Queen’s printers’ general work patterns and investigates textual variants and paper-stocks. The date of the interpolation of the Drake leaves is posited with reference to the debate concerning their suppression. The final chapter explores the relationship between early modern readers and empirical records, through historical reading practice, and concludes by evaluating the location of discursive authority.
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Trépanier, Stéphane. "Description de l'incidence et de certains facteurs de risque de la malaria, l'hépatite A, la typhoïde et la shigellose chez les voyageurs québécois." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5963.
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Au Québec, en 2007, plus de 1 384 000 voyages internationaux ont été effectués. Ce nombre est 50 % plus élevé qu'il ne l'était en 2000. Conséquemment, le comité consultatif québécois sur la santé des voyageurs (CCQSV) a émis, comme priorité en 2008, de dresser un portrait actuel de l'épidémiologie et du fardeau lié aux maladies acquises en voyage. OBJECTIFS Décrire l'épidémiologie des 4 maladies à l'étude au Québec, entre 2004 et 2007. Secondairement, comparer certains résultats avec une étude antérieure pour 3 de ces maladies et valider une variable nommée "ÉPISODE ACQUIS HORS QUÉBEC" ajoutée au fichier provincial des maladies à déclaration obligatoire (MADO) en 2003. DEVIS : Étude descriptive transversale des cas de fièvre typhoïde, d'hépatite A, de malaria et de shigellose. DONNÉES ET MÉTHODOLOGIE: Les cas des quatre maladies à l'étude, inscrits dans le fichier MADO, entre les années 2004 et 2007, ont été analysés avec l'information disponible dans les enquêtes épidémiologiques. Pour les cas de shigellose, un échantillonnage a eu lieu. Les variables ont été colligées par un seul évaluateur à l'aide d'une grille pré-testée. La qualité des données a été validée par une double collecte et une double saisie. Lorsque possible, les données concernant l'ensemble des voyageurs, et non seulement les cas, ont été tirées des données sur les voyages internationaux de STATISTIQUE CANADA. La sensibilité et la spécificité de la variable "épisode acquis hors Québec" ont été calculées en comparant l'information inscrite au fichier MADO avec celle des questionnaires d'enquête épidémiologique des directions de santé publique, considérés comme l'étalon or. L'étude de Provost et al. (2006) a été utilisée aux fins de comparaisons. RÉSULTATS: La proportion de cas liés aux voyages a été calculée : malaria (78,3 %), fièvre typhoïde (73,4 %), shigellose (50 %) et hépatite A (35,8 %). Le nombre de cas déclarés durant la période varie de 55 cas pour la fièvre typhoïde à 760 cas pour la shigellose. L'incidence annuelle moyenne (par 100 000 personnes) liée aux voyages pour la période 2004-2007 est de 0,59 pour la malaria, 0,13 pour la fièvre typhoïde, 0,49 pour la shigellose et 0,44 pour l'hépatite A. Les immigrants qui retournent visiter la famille et les amis (VFA). sont importants en proportion chez les cas de malaria (52,9 %). Les cas d'hépatite A surviennent davantage durant les voyages de plus de deux semaines (75,6 %). Une proportion importante des cas d'hépatite A provient de l'Afrique (28,3 %). Le sous-continent indien obtient le rapport du nombre de cas sur le nombre de voyages le plus élevé pour la fièvre typhoïde, l'hépatite A et la shigellose. La shigellose se démarque des autres maladies avec une majorité de cas chez les touristes (76,1 %) et les cas surviennent principalement lors de courts séjours d'une semaine ou moins (39,6 %). La variable "ÉPISODE ACQUIS HORS QUÉBEC" du fichier MADO présente encore une proportion importante de dossiers ou l'information est inconnue (28,6 %) pour les maladies à l'étude. En excluant les données inconnues, la variable présente une sensibilité de 97,5 % et une spécificité de 98,5 %. Comparativement à la période 2000-2002, la proportion de cas chez les VFA a augmentée pour la malaria et la fièvre typhoïde. La proportion de cas de malaria contractés en Afrique sub-saharienne a aussi augmentée (87,2 % vs 72 % en 2000-2002). CONCLUSIONS Les 4 maladies à l'étude sont encore des maladies fréquentes chez les voyageurs internationaux québécois. Les voyageurs à destination de l'Afrique et du sous-continent indien méritent une attention spéciale, tout particulièrement les voyageurs du type VFA. Les touristes devraient être avisés du risque de shigellose malgré la vaccination contre d'autres maladies. Il est recommandé d'uniformiser le format des questionnaires d'enquête au niveau provincial et de sensibiliser les professionnels à l'importance de saisir le pays d'acquisition au fichier MADO. Malgré l'excellente sensibilité et spécificité de la variable, il est conseillé de l'utiliser avec prudence.
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Girardin, Jordan. "Travel in the Alps : the construction of a transnational space through digital and mental mapping (c. 1750s-1850s)." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/10648.
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The period between the 1750s and 1830s witnessed a major change in travel practices in Europe, moving away from the traditional Grand Tour and focusing more on natural places, their visual power, and their influence on individual emotions. Such changes meant that the Alps ceased to be seen as a natural obstacle that had to be crossed in order to access Italy, and became a place to explore and a mountainous space par excellence. This thesis addresses the importance of mental mapping in travel literature and its impact on the construction of the Alps as a transnational space, which eventually facilitated the creation of a viable touristic market in the Alps as we know it today. The first part of the thesis analyses the transformation of the Alps from a natural frontier to a border region explored by travellers and their networks. The second part discusses the consequences of these changes on mental mapping and spatial representations of the Alps by travellers: it highlights the way external visitors often had very subjective interpretations of what the Alps meant as a term and a place, and conveyed those to other travellers through travel writing. Finally, the third part of this work investigates the development of an Alpine myth as a product of these shifting mental representations: the Alps became a set of expectations, typical images, and encounters to be expected.
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Chang, Na. "The East and the West in the travel writings of the late medieval East and West." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708975.
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Bush, Charmel Lolita. "Image of Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB): an external stakeholder's perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/9097.
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A distinctive destination image is required in order to compete with other destinations for tourists and investors alike. This main objective of this study is to develop a model for destination image formation for Nelson Mandela Bay as a secondary economy to boost its global competitiveness. Several researchers have studied destination image and based on the fact that tourists and investors usually have a limited knowledge of destinations they have not previously visited, destination image fulfils an important function insofar as destinations with strong, positive, discriminatory and recognisable images. A literature study was conducted to identify the key influencers on destination image as well as to identify which forces are likely to influence the destination image of Nelson Mandela Bay. The different factors of destination image were identified from the literature sources and these factors provided a basis for an empirical study that was conducted amongst external stakeholders. The primary research objective was to create a model of destination image for Nelson Mandela Bay and to explain the cause and effect relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Added to the primary research objective, eight secondary research objectives were identified. The primary research question for this study was to identify what influences the destination image of Nelson Mandela Bay. Added to the primary research question, the researcher also identified eight research questions as part of the study. The empirical analysis was used to test the hypotheses and ultimately develop a model for destination image formation for Nelson Mandela Bay. This study was exploratory in nature and thus used a limited sample to gain insights for further research. Data were obtained through questionnaires that were distributed electronically to 120 respondents. This study concluded with the development of a destination image model for Nelson Mandela Bay that can be expanded upon with further research. The results indicate that general infrastructure and social environment; leisure and recreation; and culture influence the Affective component of Nelson Mandela Bay. Information sources and Political stability and risk influence the Cognitive component of Nelson Mandela Bay. Together the Affective and Cognitive component makes up the overall image of Nelson Mandela Bay.
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Pockley, Simon Charles Nepean. "The flight of ducks research report." [Melbourne] : S. Pockley, 1998. http://purl.nla.gov.au/nla/pandora/FOD.
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"Submitted by Simon Charles Nepean Pockley ... as a partial requirement for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Project 18th July, 1998". "WARNING culturally sensitive material". Available [on line] http://www.cinemedia.net/FOD/FOD0043.html Archived at ANL http://purl.nla.gov.au/nla/pandora/FOD http Text, graphics, sound and animation The Flight of ducks is a multi-purpose on-line work built around a collection of archival material from a camel expedition into the central Australian frontier in 1933. This journey was revisited in 1976 and retraced in 1996."- leaf 1.
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Knöck, Raymond Bennett. "The emergence of a sunspot tourist destination : a case study of St. Kitts." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64024.
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Faure, Elisabeth. "À la recherche de l’île oubliée : la Sardaigne des voyageurs." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAL039.
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Peut-on encore aujourd’hui s’engager dans un travail de recherche qui se donne pour objet la littérature du voyage en Italie ? Scruté par des exégètes passionnés qui en revisitent inlassablement les dynamiques touffues, mis en lumière dans ses élans et ses césures, le Grand Tour semble désormais s’offrir au chercheur comme un terrain d’investigation singulièrement orphelin de zones d’ombres.Or l’attention fervente dédiée à la péninsule est loin d’être uniforme, pas plus que ne l’a été son arpentage. Elle tend à se focaliser sur les pulsations significatives de certains épicentres sensibles, rejetant du même coup dans une périphérie quelquefois imprécise certains excursus mineurs affranchis des itinéraires codifiés appelés à drainer le flux des élites européennes.La présente étude se donne pour objet l’une de ces « marges » du voyage : l’île de Sardaigne, terre de confins ancrée au cœur de l’espace méditerranéen, encore inconnue alors que s’achève ailleurs le recensement du monde. À la fois jalon cardinal sur les principales routes méditerranéennes et Ultima Thulé condamnée à une longue relégation, le territoire insulaire affiche durablement la virginité d’antipodes indécis avant de devenir l’ultime étape d’un « Petit Tour » retardataire sous l’impulsion d’un bataillon clairsemé de découvreurs alternatifs.Afin de retracer l’aventure du voyage en Sardaigne, il convient d’explorer dans un premier temps le jeu de représentations complexe dont se nourrit l’image de l’île, marquée par une énigmatique ambivalence. Il s’agit ensuite de comprendre les mécanismes qui président à un lent dévoilement : longtemps cantonnée au statut d’étape fortuite, la Sardaigne va également devenir promesse d’explorations pionnières. Après avoir dressé le profil des acteurs du voyage, enquêté sur les motivations qui les animent, on les suivra dans leur itinérance, de la découverte de l’espace à la bouleversante confrontation avec une altérité aussi dérangeante que fascinante. On s’attache ainsi à mettre en lumière la richesse des visions inspirées par le microcosme insulaire, creuset de mythologies contrastées et berceau d‘imaginaires, ainsi que la vigueur des stratégies déployées par les voyageurs pour légitimer leur entreprise au regard de la référence écrasante constituée par la tradition du Grand Tour. Délaissé par ces écrivains qui vont ailleurs s’accaparer le récit de voyage, le périple sarde se confirme sans doute comme un excursus mineur. Toutefois le corpus qui en retrace les expériences singulières ne pouvait se soustraire aux dynamiques appelées à déterminer les enjeux et les ambitions de la littérature viatique au cours du XIXe siècle. Le cheminement de l’écriture fait donc l’objet d’une réflexion spécifique visant à capturer au fil des pages l’aspiration timide à une littérarité possible.Le corpus exploré, encore largement inédit, couvre un « grand siècle » (1792-1909) et se focalise sur les voyageurs de l’aire francophone, sans s’interdire les apports précieux que constituent les témoignages d’autres visiteurs européens et certains textes choisis (édités ou issus de fonds d’archives) empruntés à une chronologie élargie<br>Italy occupies a very peculiar place in the history of travel. Considered a cradle of the Western world, the country was seen by travelers as the essential destination of the European Tour, where members of the classically trained elite, exposed to the finest achievements of art and architecture, yearned to reclaim the legacy of ancient civilizations.By the end of the 18th century, the Italian Grand Tour had stretched as far as Calabria and Sicily, inspiring countless travel accounts. But most travelers deliberately forgot to embark on the ultimate journey : remote, supposedly wild and dangerous, the little-explored island of Sardinia remained an enigma.This study explores the relatively small corpus of texts dedicated to Sardinia, focusing on French travel writing (although a wider range of sources is used in the study) and covering what may be called a “long nineteenth century” (from 1792 to 1909)
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Ashworth, Margaret Jane. ""To be" in design, travel and nature: The applicability of E-Prime to descriptive writing." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/971.
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Walker, Brett L. "William Smith Clark: A Study in Education, Christianity, and American-Japanese Cooperation in the Nineteenth Century." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4640.
Full textAbstract:
In March, 1990, I was hired to teach English in Japan at a small, private academy in Chitose, Hokkaido. The school was called the Academy of Clark's Spirit. My first day at work I was asked by my boss, Sato Masako: "So Mr. Walker, of course you know who Dr. Clark is?" I told Mr. Sato that I was sorry, but that I did not. "You said in your resume that you are a history student? We named this school after him. He's one of the most important people in Hokkaido's history," he said, looking disappointed. Mr. Sato explained that he wanted me to teach with the spirit of Clark in mind and bring to his classrooms what Clark brought to Hokkaido over a hundred years before. I nodded and asked to see my apartment. I began this study of William Smith Clark after my first stay in Hokkaido. It is the product of my interest in modern Japanese history, particularly Japan's relationship with the United States. The first leg of this project was started in Amherst, Massachusetts, where I met with Dr. John Maki. He directed me through the Clark collection at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst. I had several interviews with Maki during the week I was in Massachusetts and was given liberal access to the Clark collection under his influence. The second leg of my study was continued in Sapporo, Hokkaido. I met with Dr. Toshiyuki Akizuki at Hokkaido University and was shown through the Clark collection there. I lived in Hokkaido for about two years and have kept notes on the tribute paid to Clark and visible signs of his impact on the northern island. The focus of this study is to look at Clark's contribution to the development of Hokkaido by detailing his work in education, Christianity, and agriculture. By focusing on Clark's particular contribution to Hokkaido a larger historical trend, that is, the importation of foreign ideas in the history of Meiji Japan, is better understood. ~he results of this study conclude that Clark was an important figure in the history of Hokkaido's settlement, and to the development of nineteenth century Japan.,. ,Clark was also an important figure in the history of the relations between Japan and the United states., It is in lasting institutions like Hokkaido University and the Sapporo Independent Christian Church where Clark's impact is best illustrated. These institutions, particularly the university, were the nerve centers for Hokkaido's development, and Clark planted these seeds of enlightenment, under the direction of the Meiji government, in the fertile northern soil. I have gained a better understanding of Clark's stay in Hokkaido because of this project, but doubt that I could even now satisfy Mr. Sato's insistence that I teach with Clark's spirit. I do understand, however, why it was important to Mr. Sato that I try. Clark's phrase "Boys Be Ambitious" still embodies the spirit of many educators in Hokkaido and his success with Japanese students is one of the better examples of international exchange in any country. Clark is cherished by the people of Hokkaido as the spiritual pioneer of their island even though his stay
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Zhou, Lichen. "Destination attributes that attract international tourists to Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis identified Cape Town's important destination attributes. It also examined how and to what extent Cape Town's important destination attributes impact on international tourists decision on choosing Cape Town as their destination.
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McFarlane, Elizabeth Anne. "French travellers to Scotland, 1780-1830 : an analysis of some travel journals." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21711.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the value of travellers’ written records of their trips with specific reference to the journals of five French travellers who visited Scotland between 1780 and 1830. The thesis argues that they contain material which demonstrates the merit of journals as historical documents. The themes chosen for scrutiny, life in the rural areas, agriculture, industry, transport and towns, are examined and assessed across the journals and against the social, economic and literary scene in France and Scotland. Through the evidence presented in the journals, the thesis explores aspects of the tourist experience of the Enlightenment and post -Enlightenment periods. The viewpoint of knowledgeable French Anglophiles and their receptiveness to Scottish influences, grants a perspective of the position of France in the economic, social and power structure of Europe and the New World vis-à-vis Scotland. The thesis adopts a narrow, focussed analysis of the journals which is compared and contrasted to a broad brush approach adopted in other studies.
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Norris, Mary Beth. "A walking tour for elementary students of the historical district of Highland, California." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1441.
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Medawar, Christian. "Mary Edith Durham and the Balkans, 1900-1914." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23726.
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This thesis is an exposition on the British traveller Mary Edith Durham and her various activities in the Balkans from 1900 to 1914. Durham earned a reputation as an ethnographer, traveller, reporter, political activist and relief worker. First, the thesis documents her experiences between 1900-1908 as a traveller in the Balkans. In this period Durham developed a keen interest for the history and cultures of the peoples of the Balkans. She also gained a solid knowledge of Balkan politics and became a familiar face in Montenegro and the Albanian territories of the Ottoman Empire. The study then describes her relief work in Albania and her efforts to lobby for the Albanian cause from 1910 to 1914, when she returned to England.<br>The research consists of both published works and unpublished sources, some of which have not been used for studying Durham. These include Durham's personal manuscripts, correspondence from other personal papers, and documents from the British Foreign Office archives. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Furgiuele, Peter M. "A museum about the city: an air rights proposal for Boston." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53068.
Full textAbstract:
The John F. Kennedy Expressway, commonly known as The Central Artery, is an elevated highway running north-south through downtown Boston. It is an immense structure which cuts its way through the urban fabric, is a considerable source of noise and pollution, and visually segregates the city’s downtown from its vital waterfront.
Recently a study was undertaken to explore the possibility of removing the elevated Central Artery and replacing it with a tunnel in order to alleviate traffic congestion and noise, curtail pollution and reunite the downtown with the waterfront. If this proposal were carried through, fifteen air-rights parcels (approximately twenty acres) would become available for development in Boston’s inner core. This thesis explores one possible way of using a specific air-rights parcel above the proposed tunnel.<br>Master of Architecture
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Becker, Anne Lynn. "The layout of the land : the Canadian Pacific Railway's photographic advertising and the travels of Frank Randall Clarke, 1920-1929." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=83171.
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This thesis examines the role of photography in making the Canadian Pacific Railway company (CPR) an integral part of Canadian mythology. It focuses on the company's photographic advertising in the 1920s, and the ways in which its increasingly nationalistic transcontinental brochures framed the country, and equated the act of travelling with nation-building and national identity.<br>The CPR's tourist brochures established a visual vocabulary of the travelling experience, which was readily employed by individuals such as Montreal journalist Frank Randall Clarke. Clarke was sponsored by the CPR to travel across the country in the summer of 1929. His journalistic writing and personal photograph album allow for a rich analysis of the visual culture of the period, and they will be used to illustrate the ways in which the CPR represented Canadian progress, immigration, and tourism.
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Bruguier, Nathalie. "D'une France l'autre : voyage et écriture à la Renaissance (1550-1598)." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33273.
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Turks and Indians are the two major figures of the Other in French Renaissance literature. The purpose of this thesis is to explore otherness from a closer point of view by analysing the discursive allusions of the inhabitants of the South of the French Kingdom, particularly those of the "Province de Languedoc" throughout a collection of texts from the second half of the 16th century, whether they be strictly of a literary, historical or geographical source. Using the imagology method, the idea of the South being a key space in the emergence of the French identity is challenged.<br>First of all, the South legislates as a land of industrious administrators. However, even if it shows a claim for independence---a secularly evidenced fact---it nevertheless remains subject to the French Crown. Southerners, with identical customs as those of the French, are already part of this political entity. Schismatic area par excellence that tears the State apart, shown by numerous Huguenot patches in the Languedoc region, it is about to embrace the faith of the Same. This tendency occurs together with the linguistic phenomenon: the use of the French language develops at the same time as the practice of Law. The various parameters that distinguish the Other from the Same tend to converge to make the Southerner a subject per se of the Kingdom of the Valois. Far from questioning the foundation of the modern French identity, the people of Languedoc and other Southerners, with a rich distinct set of customs, contribute to it in several ways.
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Smit, Susanna Elizabeth. "Die aanwending en integrasie van pikturale en geskrewe bronne vir 'n kultuurhistoriese evaluering van geselekteerde temas van die Wellington-omgewing, 1657-1900." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52190.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MA)-- Stellenbosch University, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study pictorial Africana are used to sketch a socio-historical image of certain aspects of
Wellington (previously known as Waggonmakers Valley) during the period 1657 to 1900.
Together with written sources such as letters, diaries and travel diaries, the pictorial sources (in
this case paintings, pictures and maps) are considered primary sources.
Although the inhabitants of Waggonmakers Valley and later Wellington clearly developed an
own identity, Wellington cannot be viewed in isolation. The town and region are placed in the
broader context of the Drakenstein Valley and the Western Cape. The establishment and
development of the town are placed within the prevalent political and economic climate of that
time. Historical highlights of the town's history are given in short. A list of artists, pictorial
works and place of conservation where these pictorial works are being conserved was compiled.
It was attempted to determine the artists' connection with the Drakenstein Valley,
Waggonmakers Valley and Wellington in each discussion.
In the discussion of the territory (bodem) the Waggonmakers Valley is placed in the context of
the Drakenstein Valley. In this discussion the discovery and settlement of the valley are
considered, as well as the naming of the Drakenstein Valley, Waggonmakers Valley and
Wellington. The appearance of the valley, mountains, hills, as well as the vegetation, animal life
and bird life are discussed. The influence of the Berg River and other rivers on the inhabitants'
lives is included in the discussion, as well as relevant folk-tales and popular beliefs. Where
applicable, various uses for plants (e.g. medicinal) in these people's daily lives are discussed.
In the discussion of the church the following aspects are considered: the beginning of
missionary work in the Waggonmakers Valley, the secession of the church and the subsequent
establishment of Wellington, as well as some religious aspects such as the "Wederdoper" Sect
and the big revival of 1860. Festivals, sports and recreation depict the social activities of the
Wellington people up to the end of the nineteenth century. In the discussion of the architecture,
aspects such as political, economic and social influences on building style as well as building
materials and building methods were taken into account. To illustrate: the opening of the
Wellington railway line and the opening of Bainskloof Pass influenced the architecture of the
town and region. Influencing factors on the lay-out of the town as well as the meaning of
BainskloofPass for Wellington were considered.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Pikturale Africana word in hierdie studie as 'n bron aangewend om 'n kultuurhistoriese beeld
met betrekking tot sekere aspekte van Wellington, voorheen bekend as Wagenmakersvallei,
gedurende die periode 1657 tot 1900, te skets. Die pikturale bronne is saam met die geskrewe
bronne, wat briewe, dagboeke en reisjoernale insluit, as primere bronne beskou. Die pikturale
bronne verwys in hierdie geval na skilderye, tekeninge, prente en kaarte.
Alhoewel die inwoners van die Wagenmakersvallei en later Wellington duidelik 'n eie identiteit
ontwikkel het, kan Wellington nie in isolasie gesien word nie. Die dorp en omgewing word
binne die groter geheel van die Drakensteinvallei en Wes-Kaap geplaas. Die ontstaan en groei
van die dorp is binne die heersende politieke en ekonomiese klimaat van die tyd geplaas.
Historiese hoogtepunte in die dorp se geskiedenis is kortliks aangedui. 'n Lys van kunstenaars
en pikturale werke, asook die plek van bewaring van hierdie pikturale bronne, is saamgestel.
Daar is gepoog om die kunstenaars se verband met die Drakensteinvallei, Wagenmakersvallei en
Wellington in elke bespreking vas te stel.
In die bespreking van die bodem word die Wagenmakersvallei binne die konteks van die
Drakensteinvallei geplaas. Daar word in die bespreking gekyk na die ontdekking en vestiging
van die vallei, sowel as die naamgewing van die Drakensteinvallei, Wagenmakersvallei en
Wellington. Die voorkoms van die vallei, berge, heuwels, sowel as die plantegroei, dier- en
voellewe word bespreek. Die invloed van die Bergrivier en ander riviere op die lewens van die
mense word in die bespreking ingesluit, sowel as relevante volksvertellings en volksgelowe. Die
gebruik van plante vir medisinale en ander gebruike in die daaglikse lewe van die mense, is waar
toepaslik bespreek.
In die bespreking van die kerk is daar gekyk na die ontstaan van sendingwerk in die
Wagenmakersvallei, die afstigting van die kerk, die gevolglike ontstaan van Wellington en
enkele geestelike aspekte soos die Wederdopersekte en die groot herlewing van 1860.
Feesvieringe, sport en ontspanning skets die sosiale bedrywighede van die Wellingtonners tot
die einde van die negentiende eeu. Aspekte soos politieke, ekonomiese en maatskaplike
invloede wat boustyle beinvloed het, sowel as boumateriaal en -metodes, is in ag geneem in die
bespreking van die argitektuur. Ter illustrasie: die opening van die spoorlyn tot by Wellington
en die opening van Bainskloofpas het 'n invloed gehad op die argitektuur van die dorp en
omgewing. Daar is gekyk na faktore wat die dorpsuitleg beinvloed het, asook die betekenis van
Bainskloofpas vir Wellington.
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Farnsworth, John Seibert. "Coves of departure : field notes from the Sea of Cortez." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21811.
Full textAbstract:
Coves of Departure: Field Notes from the Sea of Cortez is a literary natural history presented in mixed forms of nature memoir, personal essay and redacted field notes. Intended as narrative nonfiction for general readership, it focusses on the natural history of Mexico’s Baja California peninsula, attending especially to the littoral zone of the Sea of Cortez. Numbered chapters narrate several sea kayak expeditions led by the author to the Isla Espiritu Santo archipelago of Baja California Sur. Chapters chronicling discrete expeditions are sectioned off by two long interludes that describe natural history explorations in the northern state, Baja California. The title essay, which transitions between the second interlude and the final chapter, investigates natural history from the perspective of material ecocriticism,.
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Dathan, Patricia Wendy. "The reindeer years : contribution of A. Erling Porsild to the continental northwest, 1926-1935." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61692.
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Schulenburg, Alexander Hugo. "Transient observations : the textualizing of St Helena through five hundred years of colonial discourse." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3419.
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This thesis explores the textualizing of the South Atlantic island of St Helena (a British Overseas Territory) through an analysis of the relationship between colonizing practices and the changing representations of the island and its inhabitants in a range of colonial 'texts', including historiography, travel writing, government papers, creative writing, and the fine arts. Part I situates this thesis within a critical engagement with post-colonial theory and colonial discourse analysis primarily, as well as with the recent 'linguistic turn' in anthropology and history. In place of post-colonialism's rather monolithic approach to colonial experiences, I argue for a localised approach to colonisation, which takes greater account of colonial praxis and of the continuous re-negotiation and re-constitution of particular colonial situations. Part II focuses on a number of literary issues by reviewing St Helena's historiography and literature, and by investigating the range of narrative tropes employed (largely by travellers) in the textualizing of St Helena, in particular with respect to recurrent imaginings of the island in terms of an earthly Eden. Part III examines the nature of colonial 'possession' by tracing the island's gradual appropriation by the Portuguese, Dutch and English in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century and the settlement policies pursued by the English East India Company in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century. Part IV provides an account of the changing perceptions, by visitors and colonial officials alike, of the character of the island's inhabitants (from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century) and assesses the influence that these perceptions have had on the administration of the island and the political status of its inhabitants (in the mid- to late twentieth century). Part V, the conclusion, reviews the principal arguments of my thesis by addressing the political implications of post-colonial theory and of my own research, while also indicating avenues for further research. A localised and detailed exploration of colonial discourse over a period of nearly five hundred years, and a close analysis of a consequently wide range of colonial 'texts', has confirmed that although colonising practices and representations are far from monolithic, in the case of St Helena their continuities are of as much significance as their discontinuities.
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Bazzocchi, Karl. "A westerner's journey in Japan : an analysis of Edward S. Morse's Japan day by day." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101875.
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Japan Day by Day---the Western Zoologist Edward S. Morse's account of his stay in Japan from 1877 to 1883---is analyzed by first comparing it to other contemporary travelogues written by western travelers to Japan, and then by viewing it through a more theoretical framework, including Edward Said's theory on post-colonialism and Michel Foucault's theory of discourse and body experiences. Viewed through this framework, the goal of analysis is not to test the validity of Morse's writings, but to explore the formation of his interpretation of his experience in Japan.
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Schleif, Carolyn. "Oldfields : an historic structures report." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/563163.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this master's thesis was to prepare anhistoric structures report on Oldfields, the former estate of Mr. Hugh McKennan Landon,and Mr. Josiah Kirby Lilly, Jr. It included some of the surrounding areas known as the Town of Woodstock and an area of land in the flood plains below the estate. Construction of the estate began in 1908 and was completed three years later. Of particular note was the historic landscape which was designed between 1920 and 1926 by Percival Gallagher of Olmsted Brothers, a firm in Brookline, Massachusetts. The estate has undergone limited change and has never been fully documented. Both the landscape and the home are eligible for inclusion on the National Register for their historic and architectural significance. To qualify for the Register, the site or building must be designed by a master, be an example of a unique method of construction, be associated with historically significant people, or be an excellent example of a type of design. Although only one of the above qualifications is necessary for National Register nomination, this estate met all four qualifications. Clearly, scholarly historical documentation of the site and building was in order. The timely need for such work was great, since few of the original family members were still alive, and rumors pertaining to the home and family were were being taken as fact.<br>Department of Architecture
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Faulhaber, Felix. "Decision-making factors of German tourists travelling to South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/983.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this report is to provide detailed insights into the marketing of services, specifically in the airline and travel agency industries. Therefore, the report firstly presents the existing literature, narrowing down the view from the traditional marketing approach with the 4P to the 7P approach for service marketing. As a final step, the few sources on airline and travel agency marketing are evaluated to identify gaps in the current research.
Following this overview, the report explains the current situation within the airline and travel agency industries. The players in these markets currently face significant challenges, namely the competitive structure, changing booking behaviours, increasing competition of low-cost airlines, the rise of oil prices, increasing activities for environmental protection, structural problems of the major aircraft manufacturers, the open skies agreement between Europe and the US, and the current economic crisis. In order to successfully compete in this challenging environment, airlines as well as travel agencies need to understand the needs and preferences of their potential customers very clearly. Consequently, the researcher conducted a survey amongst passengers from Germany to South Africa in order to gain information on these preferences. This questionnaire aims to clearly identify the major decision-making factors of the passengers when choosing an airline or booking channel. Knowledge regarding these decision-making factors enables companies to design their offering in a way that the needs and preferences of passengers are optimally met, while the airline or travel agency can still operate profitably.
The survey was posted online and 185 respondents across all age groups participated. The main insights of the results are that the price clearly is the dominant decision-making factor for both the choice of the airline and the choice of the booking channel. Furthermore, several hypotheses, which could be extracted from the literature, are tested. It is found that for travel agencies, the consulting services do not have any significant impact on the decision of the passengers. Their perceived competency, however, does play a reasonably important role and is consequently a factor that needs to be considered by travel agencies when designing the offer. For airlines, the flight schedule clearly constitutes the second most important factor. While the brand is at least considered fairly important, frequent flyer programmes, as well as the membership in an alliance, are not considered to be important at all for the decision of the airline. The report nevertheless explains why the membership in an alliance does, in reality, have significant positive effects on the performance of an airline, specifically through the positive impact on operating cost and improvements in the flight schedule.
As a final step, the results are compared to a similar survey conducted by Wise Research Ltd. (2008: 3) and Lufthansa (Euler, 2005: 8). It is found that there are only slight variances between the results. A possible explanation for the variances could be that the economic environment has changed. Also cultural differences and differences between short- and long-haul flights are considered.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie verslag het die verskaffing van gedetailleerde insig in die bemarking van dienste ten doel, spesifiek in die lugredery- en reisagentskapbedrywe. Daarom bied die verslag eerstens die bestaande literatuur aan, terwyl die beskouing van die tradisionele bemarkingsbenadering met die 4P- tot die 7P-benadering vir diensbemarking vernou word. Laastens word die enkele bronne wat lugredery- en reisagentskapbemarking behandel, geëvalueer om leemtes in die bestaande literatuur te identifiseer.
Na hierdie oorsig, verduidelik die verslag die huidige situasie in die lugredery- en reisagentskapbedrywe. Die rolspelers in hierdie markte kom voor beduidende uitdagings te staan, naamlik veranderende besprekingsgedrag, toenemende mededinging van laekoste-lugrederye, stygende oliepryse, toenemende optrede vir omgewingsbeskerming, strukturele probleme van die vername vliegtuigvervaardigers, die Oop Lugruimooreenkoms (Engels: Open Skies agreement) tussen Europa en die VSA, en die huidige ekonomiese krisis. Om suksesvol in hierdie uitdagende milieu mee te ding, moet lugrederye en reisagentskappe die behoeftes en voorkeure van hul moontlike kliënte baie duidelik begryp. Gevolglik het die navorser ʼn opname gemaak onder passasiers onderweg van Duitsland na Suid-Afrika om inligting omtrent hierdie voorkeure in te samel. Hierdie vraelys het beoog om die vername besluitnemingsfaktore van passasiers te identifiseer wanneer hulle ʼn lugredery of besprekingskanaal kies. Kennis omtrent hierdie besluitnemingsfaktore stel maatskappye in staat om hul aanbieding so te ontwerp dat die behoeftes en voorkeure van passasiers optimaal nagekom word, terwyl die lugredery of reisagentskap steeds winsgewend bedryf kan word.
Die opname is aanlyn geplaas en 185 mense vanuit alle ouderdomsgroepe het deelgeneem. Die hoofinsigte van die resultate is dat prys duidelik die oorheersende besluitnemingsfaktor in beide die keuse van lugredery én die keuse van besprekingskanaal is. Verder is verskeie hipoteses wat vanuit die literatuur onttrek kon word, getoets. Vir reisagentskappe word daar bevind dat die konsultasiedienste geen beduidende invloed op die besluitneming van passasiers het nie. Daarteenoor speel hul vermeende bekwaamheid ʼn redelik belangrike rol en is gevolglik ʼn faktor wat deur reisagentskappe oorweeg moet word wanneer die aanbieding ontwerp word. Vir lugrederye is die vlugskedule duidelik die tweede belangrikste faktor. Terwyl die handelsmerk as minstens redelik belangrik beskou word, word gereëlde vlieërprogramme, asook die lidmaatskap van ʼn assosiasie, glad nie as belangrik beskou vir die keuse van lugredery nie. Die verslag verduidelik hoekom die lidmaatskap van ʼn assosiasie nieteenstaande in werklikheid beduidende voordelige invloede op die prestasie van ʼn lugredery het, spesifiek deur die voordelige invloed op bedryfskostes en verbeterings aan die vlugskedule. In ʼn finale stap word die resultate vergelyk met dié van ʼn soortgelyke opnames gemaak deur Wise Research Ltd. (2008: 3) en Lufthansa (Euler, 2005: 8). Daar word bevind dat daar slegs klein verskille in die bevindinge voorkom. ʼn Moontlike verduideliking van die verskille is dat die ekonomiese milieu verander het. Kulturele verskille tussen kort en lang afstand vlugte word ook oorweeg.
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Aist, Rodney. "Willibald of Eichstätt (700-787 CE) and Christian topography of early Islamic Jerusalem." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683272.
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Jenson, Jason, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "In search of a nobler past : incanismo and community tourism in Saraguro, Ecuador." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Anthropology, c2011, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3076.
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Historical notions of Noble Savagery have been contemporarily translated and massified in popular culture so that traits that “Indigenous People” are believed to possess, are conflated with those of the Noble Savage of lore and taken for granted as truth. The Noble Savage is the embodiment of the tourist’s notion of the authentic; the more traits Indigenous people are assumed to share with the western notion of the Noble Savage the more authentic they are deemed, and the more attractive they are to the visiting tourist. In Saraguro tourism and incanismo mutually validate and reinforce each other. Tourists valorize their own preconceived notions of indigenous culture, and in turn validate incanismo through participation in Incaic cultural performances. Neo-Incans are objectifying and consuming their own dreams though the tourist gaze, and the resultant cultural commodification and the (re)appropriation of a nobler past has led to cultural revalorization of an indigenous elite.<br>viii, 213 leaves; 29 cm
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Krajinovic, Rodrigues Ana. "Tense, mood, and aspect expressions in Nafsan (South Efate) from a typological perspective." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21598.
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In dieser Arbeit untersuche ich aus einer typologischen Perspektive die Bedeutung von Tempus, Modalität und Aspekt (TMA) in Nafsan (South Efate), einer ozeanischen Sprache Vanuatus. Ich konzentriere mich auf die Bedeutung des perfektiven Aspekts und der Realis/Irrealis-Modalität in Nafsan und anderen ozeanischen Sprachen, als Fallstudien zur Untersuchung der sprach-übergreifenden Merkmale dieser TMA-Kategorien. Um ihre Bedeutungen in Nafsan zu analysieren, untersuche ich die Grammatik von Nafsan (Thieberger, 2006) und den Korpus von Thieberger (1995–2018), gefolgt von meiner Feldarbeit (Krajinovic, 2017b). Meine Analysen zeigen, dass Perfekt in Nafsan alle Funktionen hat, die für das Perfekt im Englischen typisch sind, mit Ausnahme der zusätzlichen Bedeutung von Zustandsänderungen. Die Verwendung des Nafsan-Perfekts liefert einen Beitrag zu der Debatte über die sprachübergreifende Gültigkeit von Iamitive, definiert durch die Bedeutung von Zustandsänderungen (Olsson, 2013). Basierend auf den Daten aus Nafsan und anderen ozeanischen Sprachen zeige ich, dass die von Klein (1994) vorgeschlagene semantische Definition des Perfekts ausreichend ist, um zusätzliche Funktionen des Perfekts zu berücksichtigen, ohne eine neue Iamitive-Kategorie zu etablieren. Was die Unterscheidung zwischen Realis und Irrealis betrifft, so habe ich festgestellt, dass die Kategorie Realis in Nafsan semantisch unterbewertet ist, wie sie in Irrealis-Kontexten auftreten kann, die mit der Bedeutung von Realis unvereinbar sein sollten. Ich schlage vor, dass “Realis” gelegentlich Realis-Bedeutungen durch pragmatischen Wettbewerb mit Irrealis erhaltet. Indem ich das “branching-times’’ Modell annehme, das den Ausdruck von Modalität und zeitlichem Bezug vereint (Prince, 2018), zeige ich, dass Nafsan und mehrere andere ozeanische Sprachen Beweise dafür liefern, dass Irrealis als Modalitätskategorie, die sich auf nicht-aktuelle Welten bezieht, eine semantisch sinnvolle Kategorie ist.<br>In this thesis I study the meaning of tense, mood, and aspect (TMA) expressions in Nafsan (South Efate), an Oceanic language of Vanuatu, from a typological perspective. I focus on the meanings of the perfect aspect and realis/irrealis mood in Nafsan and other Oceanic languages, as case studies for investigating the cross-linguistic features of these TMA categories, frequently disputed in the literature. In order to analyze their meanings in Nafsan, I studied the Nafsan grammar (Thieberger, 2006) and corpus by Thieberger (1995–2018), followed by storyboard and questionnaire elicitation in my fieldwork (Krajinovic, 2017b). I found that the Nafsan perfect has all the functions considered to be typical of the English-style perfect, except for the additional meaning of change of state. I place the analysis of the Nafsan perfect in the debate about the cross-linguistic validity of the newly proposed category of iamitives, defined by the meaning of change of state akin to `already' and lacking experiential and universal perfect functions (Olsson, 2013). Based on the data from Nafsan and other Oceanic languages, I show that, when language-internal processes are considered, the semantic definition of perfect proposed by Klein (1994) is sufficient to account for additional perfect functions, without the need to posit the new iamitive category. Regarding the realis/irrealis distinction, I have found that the “realis” category is semantically underspecified in Nafsan, as it can occur in irrealis contexts that should be incompatible with realis meanings. I propose that “realis” in Nafsan only occasionally receives realis meanings through pragmatic competition with the irrealis category. By adopting a branching-times model that unites the expression of modality and temporal reference (Prince, 2018), I also show that Nafsan and several other Oceanic languages provide evidence that irrealis as a mood category referring to non-actual worlds is a semantically meaningful category.
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Dellavedova, Alba. "L'expérience du nouveau entre la construction de soi et la description du monde : le texte comme la rencontre d'exigences littéraires et scientifiques. Le cas d'Isabelle Eberhardt." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040199.
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La thèse étudie l'œuvre d'Isabelle Eberhardt, écrivaine-voyageuse qui explore l'Algérie et la Tunisie entre 1897 et 1904. La définition de l'œuvre originale demeure difficile étant donné que plusieurs éditeurs ont modifié les écrits d'Eberhardt. Une analyse des éditions disponibles et la consultation des manuscrits conservés aux Archives nationales d'outre-mer d'Aix-en-Provence ont permis de donner des éclaircissements à ce sujet, bien que la situation reste délicate. Isabelle Eberhardt voyage au Maghreb dans le but de s'établir en Algérie pour toujours, construire sa nouvelle identité, écrire des textes à publier et connaître les traditions locales. La variété de ses projets fait en sorte que sa démarche ait des implications personnelles, littéraires et scientifiques. La méthode de recherche mise en place par notre écrivaine au cours de ses voyages a été approfondie et résumée dans l'alternance entre participation et éloignement. La poétique eberhardtienne résulte également claire et elle se base sur la valorisation de la vitalité du milieu ainsi que sur la définition d'un espace existentiel et vivant. Les textes sont le résultat d'un riche processus de formation, de connaissance, d'écriture et ils ont été analysés à partir d'une interprétation critique et théorique. L'expérience eberhardtienne et les valeurs qu'elle encourage permettent de rapprocher l'écrivaine aux études concernant le rapport entre la géographie et la littérature<br>The thesis describes the work of Isabelle Eberhardt, a travel writer who explores Algeria and Tunisia between 1897 and 1904. The establishment of the original edition of her texts presents several problems considering that quite a number of publishers modified them. The analysis of the editions that are available today and the consultation of manuscripts retained in the Archives nationales d'outre-mer in Aix-en-Provence, allowed to obtain some helpful clarification on this subject, even if the situation remains delicate. Isabelle Eberhardt travels to the islamic Maghreb with the intention of living in Algeria for good, in the desire to construct her new identity, write publishable texts, learn more about local traditions. The diversity of projects means that there is a personal involvement as well a literary and scientific intention. The research method used by our writer during her journeys has been investigated and summerized by the alternation of engagement and estrangement. Eberhardt's poetics is equally clear and it is based on the valorization of the lieu's vitality as well as on the definition of an existential and living space. The texts are the product of a formation process knowledge-based and with a literary purpose. They have been analyzed with a critical and interpretative approach. Isabelle Eberhardt's experience and the values that it promotes make possible a rapprochement with the studies exploring connections between literature and geography
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Spinola, Caroline Sartorello. "A Índia de Octavio Paz: uma leitura de vislumbres da Índia a partir da Otredad, da narrativa de viagem e da tradução cultural." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21191.
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Previous issue date: 2018-04-19<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>This study intends to understand the India translated and presented by Octavio Paz in In light of India. Also seeks to detect the image of México and of Latin America that emerges from the book in contrast with the Indian culture. In the book is possible to identify two different journeys: an internal journey that the mexican poet does inside himself and Mexico is his destine and starting point; and the actual journey that Paz makes to India. Thus, this study means to organize and deepen some key concepts of Paz’s works (as otredad, temporalities, poetic language, love) found not only in In light of India as in different essays of Octavio Paz<br>Este projeto de pesquisa pretende apreender a Índia traduzida e apresentada por Octavio Paz em seu livro Vislumbres da Índia: um diálogo com a condição humana. Pretende também detectar a visão do México e da América Latina que emerge do livro, contrastada com a cultura indiana. No livro, é possível identificar duas viagens: uma viagem externa, aquela que Paz realiza à Índia; e uma viagem interna, em que o México é o seu destino e ponto de partida. A partir desses olhares cruzados – e por meio de um recorte temático – a pesquisa buscará sistematizar e aprofundar alguns conceitos chaves da obra paziana (otredad, temporalidade, linguagem poética, amor, corpo) encontrados não apenas em Vislumbres da Índia como em outros livros de sua produção ensaística
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Lilly, Charles N. "Outer Edges of the Middle Kingdom." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500251/.
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Outer Edges of the Middle Kingdom is a narrative by the author about his two years as a teacher in the People's Republic of China. Organized chronologically, the account begins in August, 1985, and ends in June, 1987. The narrator describes meeting students at Tianjin University, Tianjin, China, designing English classes for English majors, daily episodes in the classroom, and interaction with Chinese colleagues. The narrative alternates between life on a university campus and extensive trips the narrator made to various cities in China, including Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, Kunming, Guilin, Harbin, Hohot, and Guangzhou. Also recounted are the narrator's reactions to the student demonstrations of December, 1986, and the resulting anti-bourgeois liberation campaign of January-April, 1987.
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Johnson, Erik A. "County-Level Land Use Planning Policies and Regulations Impacting the Pattern of Settlement in Utah County, Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1988. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,19181.
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Zilindile, Mphumzi Brooklyn. "An assessment of needle ice, snowfall and the zero-curtain effect and its relationship with soil frost dynamics on sub-Antartic Marion Island." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006908.
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This study aims to uncover the synoptic weather circulation pattern which is associated with the occurrence of needle ice, snowfall and the zero-curtain effect. The method of study was done through an intensive ground climate measurement campaign from April 2008 to May 2009 with a temperature logger installed throughout the recording period. Results from data analyses indicate that the complex changes in climate parameters may lead to an equally complex response in terms of spatial soil frost dynamics and its direct and indirect effects on soil sediment displacement and ecosystem dynamics. Field evidence in the study suggests that on Marion Island needle ice developed in temperatures as high as -0.2 ºC in strong winds. This confirms that the wet environment of Marion Island, which is dominated by diurnal soil frost is fundamentally different from seasonal frost and permafrost environments. The scoria material is susceptible to needle ice growth and the compacted soil alters the micro-climatology of the affected area making it more susceptible to the formation of needle ice. Soil moisture for needle ice formation and growth is provided by the misty conditions associated with the advent of the cold front (pre-cyclonic). Furthermore, observations of needle ice on Marion show that needles are mostly clear with no sediment inclusion. This is indicative of needle ice formation that has not been interrupted by a shortage of moisture. The zero-curtain effect on Marion Island can occur either as a response to the thawing of the soil after the seasonal freeze. The synoptic assessment of snowfall on Marion Island indicates that; snowfall is associated with the passage of a cold front linked to a strong meridional system of low pressure just south of the island.
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Wright, Judith Helen. "In their own image : Nuwara Eliya, a British town in the heart of Ceylon." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28315.
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The thesis is a study of Ceylon's only hill-station, Nuwara Eliya. Nuwara Eliya was established in 1829 as a military sanitarium and gradually assumed the role of a seasonal resort in the second half of the century. Located at 6,280 feet elevation in the temperate hill region, Nuwara Eliya came to have an important role in the social and recreational life of the British in Ceylon. The landscape resembled that of the English countryside, which inspired the British to shape the landscape in the image of their homeland.
This thesis explores the sentimental attachment that British expatriates formed for Nuwara Eliya. Based on evidence from the nineteenth century writings of expatriates arid travellers who visited the hill-station, it suggests that the Romanticism prevalent during the period had a significant influence on the manner in which expatriates perceived and interpreted the landscape of Nuwara Eliya.
Romanticism alone did not account for the emergence of Nuwara Eliya as an English village. It argues that romanticism, in conjunction with the following factors, contributed to the development of the English landscape of the Nuwara Eliya. The hill-station provided an accessible locale with a temperate climate and vegetation that offered an alternative to the heat of the lowlands. The British possessed a set of ethno-medical beliefs which held that such an environment was the one to which Europeans were best suited. In addition, the recreational preferences of the British and the specific recreational and social needs of the expatriate community contributed to the development of the recreational infrastructure of Nuwara Eliya. The development of the plantation economy was a further prerequisite for the growth of the hill-station. Perhaps the most important consideration, though, was the longing British expatriates experienced for their homeland which made them desire a viable substitute for England.
The study was conducted through a survey of nineteenth century travel writings of individuals who visited or resided at Nuwara Eliya. A content analysis was performed on the travel literature to determine the attributes of Nuwara Eliya that were noted in the writings and which indicated the expatriate's and traveller's perceptions of the hill-station. Subsequent to the literature analysis, fieldwork was undertaken in Sri Lanka for a three month period in 1987. Archival research, conducted at the National Archives, Colombo, involved an examination of the diaries of the Assistant Government Agent of the Nuwara Eliya District, as well as nineteenth century English-language newspapers to assess the role of the hill-station in the social life of colonial. Ceylon. Fieldwork also entailed a period of time at Nuwara Eliya to compile photographic evidence and to permit observation of the landscape and the built environment.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Geography, Department of<br>Graduate
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Holt, Kamia Walton. "The Sound of Utah: the Presence of Geographical Elements in Music Written About the State of Utah." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1997. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,35377.
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Tôrres, Raquel Mundim 1985. "O inferno e o paraíso se confundem : viagens de brasileiros à URSS (1928-1933)." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281787.
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Previous issue date: 2013<br>Resumo: Esse trabalho analisa os primeiros relatos de viagem de brasileiros à União Soviética, publicados entre 1928 e 1933. Busca historicizá-los, salientando não só as ideologias de seus autores, como também o contexto anticomunista imposto pelas autoridades brasileiras, em especial, pelo Itamaraty. A pesquisa aborda ainda a maneira como as viagens ocorriam e a forma como os viajantes eram recepcionados e manejados por algumas cidades da URSS. Para tal, analisa como agências soviéticas atuavam na hospitalidade dos viajantes, a fim de controlarem e persuadirem suas percepções. Por fim, é feito uma análise da imagem que os viajantes brasileiros formaram do cotidiano soviético no período em que viajaram correspondente ao período do Primeiro Plano Quinquenal. O intuito principal da pesquisa foi trabalhar com os relatos de viagem nas suas mais diversas possibilidades, a fim de contribuir para a inserção destas narrativas como fontes documentais na historiografia social<br>Abstract: This research analyzes travel accounts from the first Brazilians who went to the Soviet Union, published between 1928 and 1933. It aims to historicize them, stressing not only the ideologies of their authors, but also the Brazilian anticommunist context imposed by authorities, in particular by the Foreign Ministry, Itamaraty. The research also investigates how the trips occurred and how the travelers were received and treated in some cities of the USSR. For that, it analyzes how some Soviet agencies behaved in hospitality, in order to control and persuade their perceptions. Finally, an analysis is made of the image that Brazilian travelers formed from Soviet everyday life on the period of the First Five-Year Plan. The main purpose of this study was to work with travel accounts considering its various possibilities, in order to contribute to the inclusion of these narratives as documentary sources in social historiography<br>Mestrado<br>Historia Social<br>Mestra em História
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Domingues, Bruno Willian Brandão. "A cidade das aquarelas: o Rio de Janeiro nos registros de Jean-Baptiste Debret." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21115.
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Previous issue date: 2018-04-05<br>Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq<br>In order to analyze how foreign travelers reported and portrayed Brazil, the following
research had been devoted to Jean-Baptiste Debret's analyzes of iconographic and
written sources. Debret's artistic history at the court of Napoleon Bonaparte had greatly
influenced his choice as a historical painter of the court of D. João VI and later of D.
Pedro I after his coming to Brazil as part of the "Mission" Artistica Francesa, closely
following all the events of the monarchy in the tropics. Through the study of his works,
we realized that his role was not only as a historical painter, but also a picturesque
painter, with a vast collection of representations of the daily life and culture of the
Brazilian people, especially in the city of Rio de Janeiro<br>Com o objetivo de analisar a maneira como os viajantes estrangeiros relataram e
retrataram o Brasil, a seguinte pesquisa se dedica às análises das fontes iconográficas e
escritas de Jean-Baptiste Debret. O histórico artístico de Debret na corte de Napoleão
Bonaparte, influenciara amplamente na sua escolha como pintor histórico da corte de D.
João VI e futuramente de D. Pedro I após sua vinda ao Brasil como componente da
“Missão” Artística Francesa, acompanhando de perto todos os acontecimentos da
monarquia nos trópicos. Por meio do estudo de suas obras, percebemos que seu papel
não foi somente como pintor histórico, mas também um pintor pitoresco, com um vasto
acervo de representações do cotidiano e da cultura do povo brasileiro, principalmente da
cidade do Rio de Janeiro
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Cannon, Anne O'Kane. "Pastoralism and the landscape : a lower Lachlan survey." Master's thesis, Department of Prehistory and Historical Archaeology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8639.
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Outram-Leman, Sven. "The nature of British mapping of West Africa, 1749-1841." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25821.
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By focusing on the “nature” of mapping, this thesis falls under the category of critical cartography closely associated with the work of Brian Harley in the 1980s and early 1990s. As such the purpose of this research is to highlight the historical context of British maps, map-making and map-reading in relation to West Africa between 1749 and 1841. I argue that maps lie near the heart of Britain’s interactions with West Africa though their appearance, construction and use evolved dramatically during this period. By beginning this study with a prominent French example (Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d’Anville’s 1749 “Afrique”) I show how British map-makers adapted cartography from France for their own purposes before circumstances encouraged the development of new materials. Because of the limited opportunities to make enquiries in the region and the relatively few people involved in affecting change to the map’s content, this thesis highlights the episodes and manufactured narratives which feature in the chronology of evolving cartographies. This study concludes with the failure of the 1841 Niger Expedition, when Britain’s humanitarian agenda saw the attempted establishment of a model farm on banks of the Niger River and the negotiation of anti-slave trade treaties with nearby Africans. The cartography and geographical knowledge which supported this scheme is in stark contrast with what existed in the mid-eighteenth century. More than simply illustrating geographical and ethnographical information though, these maps helped inform Britons about themselves and I argue that much of what occurs here features prominently in national discourses about identity, civilization and the justification of British efforts to improve Africa.
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Aratanha, Emilia Jorge de. "Fotografia, cidade e candomblé: a lavagem do Bonfim de Marcel Gautherot." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20656.
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Previous issue date: 2017-11-28<br>The presente work aims to discuss the views that the french photographer Marcel
Gautherot (radicated in Brazil since 1939) has of the festivities of the Lavagem do Bonfim, in
a series of fotos taken around 1955. Gautherot, who developed his carrier due to his passion
for traveling, permits us to see a different portrayal of the Brazilian Candomblé due to his
status as a foreigner. With his almost ethnographic point of view, Gautherot sheds light into
another side of this African-brazilian religion: that of the usage of public space in a period in
time that black people had severe restrictions on movement and use of public space. Other
contemporary photographers set their lenses towards recording what was inside the private
space of the Terreiro, while Gautherot sees the Candomblé practitioners in public, utilizing
the city<br>Este trabalho visa discutir a festa da Lavagem do Bonfim, em Salvador, sob visão do
fotógrafo Marcel Gautherot (francês radicado no Brasil desde 1939) num conjunto de fotos do
rito tiradas em 1955. Gautherot, que desenvolveu sua carreira devido à sua paixão por viajar,
nos permite ver uma nova forma de retratar o Candomblé por meio de seu olhar de
estrangeiro. Com seu ponto de vista quase etnográfico, Gautherot privilegia outra faceta dessa
religião de origem africana: o da tomada do espaço urbano, em um período em que os negros
sofriam fortes restrições de movimentação e ocupação do mesmo. Outros fotógrafos do
período privilegiavam retratar o ritual no interior dos terreiros, enquanto que Gautherot retrata
os praticantes do Candomblé em cerimônias públicas, utilizando os espaços da cidade
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Boyle, Mary. "To be a pilgrim : a comparative study of late medieval accounts of pilgrimage from Germany and England to the Holy Land." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:8f1b780c-642e-4ab1-9878-7068f9634ffa.
Full textAbstract:
As a large-scale international cultural phenomenon, the Jerusalem pilgrimage must be approached comparatively. This project compares the pilgrimage accounts of two Germans and two Englishmen who travelled to Jerusalem in the second half of the long fifteenth century. The texts are those of William Wey, (written c.1470), Bernhard von Breydenbach (printed 1486), Arnold von Harff (written 1499) and the 'Pylgrymage of Sir Richard Guylforde', composed by his anonymous chaplain (printed 1511). Each chapter focuses on a pilgrim, and one of four thematic topics: genre, the religious other, curiosity and print. This project treats these works as literary texts which can be approached from the perspective of cultural history, rather than as historical sources. The project, therefore, is more a consideration of how the pilgrimage is represented than it is about the events of each pilgrimage, and so it looks at the pilgrimages created in writing. Pilgrimage writings tend to focus on Jerusalem's spiritual significance, rather than its worldly position. In this sense, textual representations of travel to Jerusalem represent something of a disconnect with travel to other physical destinations, and the conceptual space of pilgrimage will be of key significance to this thesis. This has implications for practice as well as writing, and therefore the thesis will address how the writers consider their journeys, as well as the idea of virtual pilgrimage. The thesis engages with questions of identity, and how it is presented, as well as the authors' relationship with their audiences. This necessitates analysing collective identity, as well as the different audiences for printed and manuscript texts. The most important research question, bringing together these issues, considers whether the authors' different geographical origins affect their self-presentation and understanding of pilgrimage. This leads to my central contention: that pilgrimage must be portrayed as a single, unified experience.