Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vapor plume

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Vapor plume'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 7 July 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Vapor plume"

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Zhu, Xiaojing, Weihui Xu, Weishu Wang, Xu Shi, Gang Chen, and Shifei Zhao. "The Design of a Vapor-Condensing Plume Abatement System and Devices for Mechanical Draft Cooling Towers." Water 12, no. 4 (2020): 1013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12041013.

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Cooling towers are widely used in many fields, but the generation of visible plumes has a serious impact on the environment. Moreover, the evaporation losses also cause a great waste of water. In this paper, a vapor-condensing plume abatement system was designed for a mechanical-draft cooling tower based on the mechanism of vapor plume generation. An effective method to achieve water-saving and eliminate the water fog generated in the cooling tower was proposed, and its feasibility was verified by using thermodynamic analysis. Next, the vapor-condensing plume abatement device was designed and
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Serra, P., J. Palau, M. Varela, J. Esteve, and J. L. Morenza. "Characterization of hydroxyapatite laser ablation plumes by fast intensified CCD-imaging." Journal of Materials Research 10, no. 2 (1995): 473–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1995.0473.

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ArF excimer laser pulses (193 nm, 20 ns, 150 mJ) have been focused on a hydroxyapatite (HA) target in similar conditions to those normally used for thin film deposition. Fast intensified CCD images of HA laser ablation plumes have been taken in vacuum and under different water vapor pressures ranging from 0.01 mbar to 1 mbar. Images of HA ablation in vacuum have shown a plume freely expanding at a constant velocity of 2.3 × 106 cm/s. HA ablation under a water vapor pressure of 0.01 mbar has revealed an expansion behavior very similar to that of ablation in vacuum. Images taken under a water va
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Fiedler, V., F. Arnold, S. Ludmann, et al. "African biomass burning plumes over the Atlantic: aircraft based measurements and implications for H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> mediated smoke particle activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 7 (2011): 3211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3211-2011.

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Abstract. Airborne measurements of trace gases and aerosol particles have been made in two aged biomass burning (BB) plumes over the East Atlantic (Gulf of Guinea). The plumes originated from BB in the Southern-Hemisphere African savanna belt. On the day of our measurements (13 August 2006), the plumes had ages of about 10 days and were respectively located in the middle troposphere (MT) at 3900–5500 m altitude and in the upper troposphere (UT) at 10 800–11 200 m. Probably, the MT plume was lifted by dry convection and the UT plume was lifted by wet convection. In the more polluted MT-plume, n
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Hansen, C. J. "Enceladus' Water Vapor Plume." Science 311, no. 5766 (2006): 1422–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1121254.

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Wen, Qian, and Xiang Dong Gao. "Analysis of Characteristic of Metal Vapor Plume during High-Power Disc Laser Welding." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 1126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.1126.

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Metal vapor plume which induced during high power disc laser welding contains lots of information that related to the welding quality. Stainless steel 304 was taken as the experiment object for the high power disc laser welding experiment. A high-speed camera was used to capture the ultraviolet band and visible light band metal vapor plume images in the laser welding process. Image processing techniques such as median filtering, Wiener filtering, gray level threshold and image binarization were applied to get the images that only metal vapor plume was included. The ratio of the absolute value
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Fiedler, V., F. Arnold, S. Ludmann, et al. "African biomass burning plumes over the Atlantic: aircraft based measurements and implications for H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> mediated smoke particle activation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 3 (2010): 7699–743. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-7699-2010.

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Abstract. Airborne measurements of trace gases and aerosol particles have been made in two aged biomass burning (BB) plumes over the East Atlantic (Gulf of Guinea). The plumes originated from BB in the Southern Hemisphere African savanna belt. On the day of our measurements (13 August 2006), the plumes had ages of about 10 days and were respectively located in the middle troposphere (MT) at about 3000–5500 m altitude and in the upper troposphere (UT) at about 10 800–11 200 m. In the more polluted MT-plume, numerous measured trace species had markedly elevated abundances, particularly HNO3 (500
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Bian, Qijing, Shantanu H. Jathar, John K. Kodros, et al. "Secondary organic aerosol formation in biomass-burning plumes: theoretical analysis of lab studies and ambient plumes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 8 (2017): 5459–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-5459-2017.

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Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) has been shown to form in biomass-burning emissions in laboratory and field studies. However, there is significant variability among studies in mass enhancement, which could be due to differences in fuels, fire conditions, dilution, and/or limitations of laboratory experiments and observations. This study focuses on understanding processes affecting biomass-burning SOA formation in laboratory smog-chamber experiments and in ambient plumes. Vapor wall losses have been demonstrated to be an important factor that can suppress SOA formation in laboratory s
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Kiefer, Caroline M., Craig B. Clements, and Brian E. Potter. "Application of a Mini Unmanned Aircraft System for In Situ Monitoring of Fire Plume Thermodynamic Properties." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 29, no. 3 (2012): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-11-00112.1.

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Abstract Direct measurements of wildland fire plume properties are rare because of difficult access to regions near the fire front and plume. Moisture released from combustion, in addition to added heat, can enhance buoyancy and convection, influencing fire behavior. In this study, a mini unmanned aircraft system (miniUAS) was used to obtain in situ measurements of temperature and relative humidity during a prescribed fire. The miniUAS was successfully maneuvered through the plume and its associated turbulence and provided observations of temperature and humidity profiles from near the centerl
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Stewart, Sarah T., Simon J. Lock, Philip J. Carter, Erik J. Davies, Michail I. Petaev, and Stein B. Jacobsen. "Planetesimal Impact Vapor Plumes and Nebular Shocks Form Chondritic Mixtures." Planetary Science Journal 6, no. 5 (2025): 108. https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/adbe71.

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Abstract The origin of chondrules and the chondritic sedimentary rocks that dominate the meteoritic record is a long-standing problem in planetary science. Here, we develop a physical model for the formation of chondritic mixtures as an outcome of vaporizing collisions between planetesimals that were dynamically excited by the growth and migration of planets. We present calculations of nebular shock waves generated by impact vapor plumes and focus on aspects of the plume interaction with the nebular gas and dust that have been neglected in previous studies of impact ejecta. We find that when w
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Setukha, A. V., and L. A. Shelygin. "Theoretical Basics for the Assessment of Wind Flow Aerodynamic Impact on the Facilities of Natural Gas Liquefaction and Refinement Plant." Occupational Safety in Industry, no. 6 (June 2024): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2024-6-20-25.

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Leaks (spills) of liquefied gases evaporate rapidly on the ground (water) and initially generate a cold plume of heavy vapors. The plume spreads fast downwind, heats up with time, and can become positively volatile in case the concentration of interest for the study (above the lower flammability limit) is reached; therefore, the plume can rise and transform into a vapor cloud. The plume or the vapor cloud can ignite in the flash form. Such situations are possible at liquefied natural gas production plants or regasification units where large amounts of explosive substances are handled involving
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vapor plume"

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Raja, Kumar Manoj. "Study of the vapor plume formed during the dissimilar laser welding : the application in the case of titanium/aluminum couple." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCK098.

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Le soudage laser des matériaux dissimilaires répond aux nombreux défis actuels : l’allègement de structures et la réduction du cout, la combinaison des propriétés recherchés, l’extension du temps de vie etc. Alors qu’un grand nombre d’études expérimentales et numériques se focalise sur la microstructure des jonctions en vue d’amélioration de ses propriétés mécaniques, la phénoménologie de l’interaction laser/matière lors de soudage dissimilaire n’est pas encore pleinement explorée. La présente étude vise à contribuer dans la compréhension du comportement de la plume de vapeur lors du soudage l
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Aranzulla, Massimo. "Atmospheric water vapour tomography for DInSAR application and effect of volcanic plume on the microwaves." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1543.

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A particular synergy among GPS and SAR techniques, to improve the precision of the current ground deformation monitoring techniques,is investigated. The study of atmospheric anomalies in the GPS EM waves propagation is useful to extrapolate information about the wet refractivity ?eld. Because of its height and the quite variable weather conditions, the estimation of Mount Etna atmospheric anomalies using GPS measurements have noticeable importance to calibrate the SAR interferograms and to establish the effective ground deformation of the volcanic edifice. In this study we presented a method
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Ganora, Emmanuel, and Sebastián Rivas. "El valor de la pluma: análisis de la evolución del pensamiento económico en Chile a través de la prensa (1812-2012)." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/134706.

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Memoria para optar al título de Periodista<br>Autor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento.<br>Este trabajo es el resumen de una investigación realizada por Emmanuel Ganora y Sebastián Rivas sobre la evolución de la prensa económica en Chile, y que se presenta coincidiendo con los 200 años de la fundación de “La Aurora de Chile”. El proceso metodológico ha incluido revisión de fuentes bibliográficas –tanto periódicos como libros y documentos que ayuden a comprender los procesos en curso- y entrevistas a expertos y personas que han participado en los medios investigados. El te
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Bigger, Rory P. Settles G. S. "Chemical vapor plume detection using the Schlieren optical method." 2008. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-3066/index.html.

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Aranzulla, Massimo. "Atmospheric water vapour tomography for DInSAR application and effect of volcanic plume on the microwaves." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2122/9869.

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A particular synergy among GPS and SAR techniques, to improve the precision of the current ground deformation monitoring techniques, is investigated. The study of atmo- spheric anomalies in the GPS EM waves propagation is useful to extrapolate information about the wet refractivity field. Because of its height and the quite variable weather conditions, the estimation of Mount Etna atmospheric anomalies using GPS measure- ments have noticeable importance to calibrate the SAR interferograms and to establish the “effective” ground deformation of the volcanic edifice. In this study we presented
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Books on the topic "Vapor plume"

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Love! Valor! Compassion! and A Perfect Ganesh (Drama, Plume). Plume, 1997.

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Rojas López, Manuel Bernardo. La ciudad y sus formas de representación. Estrategias del desastre. Fondo Editorial Remington, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22209/9789585379725.

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Habitar una ciudad, la que sea, es, en últimas, descubrir que es una construcción inacabada y, además, endeble; como si una sombra destructiva estuviese siempre a punto de caer sobre ella, como si el desastre fuera inherente a su condición. ¿Por qué ese vínculo entre ciudad y fin? Indagando por la visión apocalíptica que tras ello se soslaya, este libro busca pensar las representaciones que sustentan dicha relación. Desde relatos fantásticos como los de Lovecraft, pasando por referencias a películas clásicas de terror y hasta obras reconocidas por su valor literario —las que han surgido de la
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Investigation of Ba, BaO, Sr and SrO Pulsed Laser-Induced Vapor Plumes in N2, O2, Microwave Discharged O2, and Vacuum at Low Laser Fluence. Storming Media, 1996.

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Algovia, Antonio Zapata. Mañana o la chispa eléctrica de 1899: Ayer, hoy y mañana, o la fe, el vapor y la electricidad, cuadros sociales de 1800, 1850 y 1899, dibujados a la pluma. Libros Mablaz, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vapor plume"

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Malik, Sajid, Farah Khairi, and Sujith Wijerathne. "Surgical Smoke: Risks and Mitigation Strategies." In Mastering Endo-Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3755-2_11.

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AbstractAs the usage of electrocautery, ultrasonic scalpels, and lasers have become commonplace, operative staff and patients alike are at increased risk of exposure to dangerous surgical smoke emanating from these devices. Terms like “smoke,” “plume,” and less commonly “aerosol” are used to refer to by-products of laser tissue ablation and electrocautery, whereas “plume,” “aerosol,” and “vapor” are associated with ultrasonic dissection. “Smoke,” although not formally accurate in all cases, is a widely accepted term used to describe surgically generated gaseous by-product [1].
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Stangl, E., B. Luk’ Yanchuk, H. Schieche, K. Piglmayer, S. Anisimov, and D. Bäuerle. "Dynamics of the Vapor Plume in Laser Materials Ablation." In Excimer Lasers. Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8104-2_6.

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Gong, Shuili, Shengyong Pang, Hong Wang, and Linjie Zhang. "Dynamic Behaviors of Metal Vapor/Plasma Plume Inside Transient Keyhole." In Weld Pool Dynamics in Deep Penetration Laser Welding. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0788-2_5.

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Schumann, Jan-Erik, Markus Fertig, Volker Hannemann, Thino Eggers, and Klaus Hannemann. "Numerical Investigation of Space Launch Vehicle Base Flows with Hot Plumes." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_11.

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Abstract The flow field around generic space launch vehicles with hot exhaust plumes is investigated numerically. Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) simulations are thermally coupled to a structure solver to allow determination of heat fluxes into and temperatures in the model structure. The obtained wall temperatures are used to accurately investigate the mechanical and thermal loads using Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulations (IDDES) as well as RANS. The investigated configurations feature cases both with cold air and hot hydrogen/ water vapour plumes as well as cold and hot wall te
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Nadeau, Royal J., Joseph P. Lafornara, George S. Klinger, and Timothy Stone. "Measuring Soil Vapors for Defining Subsurface Contaminant Plumes." In Contaminated Soil. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5181-5_47.

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Johannsen, J., O. Klewer, and E. Petzold. "Soil Vapor Investigation and On-Site Analyses to Determine Groundwater Contamination Plumes." In Soil & Environment. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_44.

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Takiya, Toshio, and Naoaki Fukuda. "Nanoparticle Formation and Deposition by Pulsed Laser Ablation." In Laser Ablation [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95299.

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Pulsed Laser Ablation (PLA) in background gas is a good technique to acquire specific nanoparticles under strong non-equilibrium states. Here, after a history of PLA is mentioned, the application of nanoparticles and its deposition films to the several fields will be described. On the target surface heated with PLA, a Knudsen layer is formed around the adjacent region of the surface, and high-pressure and high-temperature vapor atoms are generated. The plume formed by evaporated atoms blasts off with very high-speed and expands rapidly with a shock wave. A supercooling phenomenon occurs during
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"Appendix A: Averaging and Sampling Time Effects on Plume Spread and Velocity and Concentration Fluctuations." In Concentration Fluctuations and Averaging Time in Vapor Clouds. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470937976.app1.

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Whiteman, C. David. "Air Pollution Dispersion." In Mountain Meteorology. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195132717.003.0021.

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Air pollutants are harmful airborne substances (solids, liquids, or gases) that, when present in high-enough concentrations, threaten human health or welfare, harm vegetation, animals, or structures, or affect visibility. Visibility alone is not, however, a reliable indicator of the presence of pollutants. A visible plume of condensed water vapor from an industrial cooling tower decreases solar radiation and increases the frequency of fog and icy road conditions near the cooling tower, but it is not an air pollution plume because it is composed entirely of water. In contrast, an industrial pol
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Nagorskiy, Petr Mikhailovich, Mikhail Vsevolodovich Kabanov, and Konstantin Nikolaevich Pustovalov. "The Influence of Smoke From Forest Fires on the Meteorological and Electrical Characteristics of the Atmosphere." In Predicting, Monitoring, and Assessing Forest Fire Dangers and Risks. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1867-0.ch014.

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The impact of smoke from forest fires in western Siberia on meteorological, atmospheric electric, and aerological variables has been analyzed. The anomalous distribution of water vapor in the atmosphere associated with the peculiarities of the evaporation regime and the absence of advective moisture transfer over the southern regions of Western Siberia during the fires. With an increase in the height of the homogeneous surface smoke layer with an unchanged aerosol optical thickness, the cooling of the earth's surface and heating of the atmosphere was weakened. The smoke plume spreads predomina
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Conference papers on the topic "Vapor plume"

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Bykov, N. Y., and Yu E. Gorbachev. "Cluster formation process in metal vapor plume." In 31ST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: RGD31. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5119530.

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Yuan, Yonghua, and Changling Liu. "Shearing interference diagnosis of laser-induced vapor plume." In San Diego - DL tentative, edited by Ryszard J. Pryputniewicz. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.135350.

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Bennett, Charles L., Michael R. Carter, David J. Fields, and F. Dean Lee. "Infrared hyperspectral imaging results from vapor plume experiments." In SPIE's 1995 Symposium on OE/Aerospace Sensing and Dual Use Photonics, edited by Michael R. Descour, Jonathan M. Mooney, David L. Perry, and Luanna R. Illing. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.210897.

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PEEBLES, H. C., J. L. JELLISON, A. J. RUSSO, and G. RONALD HADLEY. "Laser beam-vapor plume interactions during Nd:YAG laser welding." In Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. OSA, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo.1985.fp4.

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Duffey, T. P., T. G. McNeela, J. Mazumder, and A. L. Schawlow. "Absorption spectroscopic measurement of atomic density in laser-induced vapor plume." In ICALEO® ‘93: Proceedings of the Laser Materials Processing Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5058563.

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Kahlen, Franz-Josef, and Aravinda Kar. "Thermal and Dimensional Process Characteristics in Laser-Aided Rapid Manufacturing." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1821.

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Abstract Three-dimensional cylindrical and wall-like structures of copper, Ti-6Al-4V, aluminum, and stainless steel 304 were fabricated by melting the powders of these materials with a CO2 laser beam. A vapor-plasma plume is generated at the top of the melt layer. The emission spectra of the plume were recorded using an optical multichannel analyzer, and the plume temperatures are determined to be in the range of 4920 K to 6720 K. A one-dimensional model is developed to calculate the plume temperature, deposition geometry and melt pool characteristics. The model accounts for the transmission o
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Zuegner, Mario Andre. "Ice moon research – A phenomenon called plume." In Symposium on Space Educational Activities (SSAE). Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788419184405.102.

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Based on the observations of the Cassini-Huygens space exploration mission, Saturn's moon Enceladus was found to be a very promising subject in the solar system for further exploration and follow-up research, especially focusing on the potential of extraterrestrial life and its origin.&#x0D; Near its South Pole, fountains, specified plumes, consisting mostly of water vapor and small salt-rich ice grains with intermittent activity were observed at the surface. With supersonic speed the water vapor is exiting the trenches known as Tiger Stripes. The driving force of these plumes are not complete
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Agranat, Vladimir M., Sergei V. Zhubrin, and Igor Pioro. "Multi-Group Two-Phase Flow Model of Drift Drop Plume." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30010.

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A homogeneous two-phase multi-group model of drift drop plumes emerging from natural draft cooling towers has been developed and validated using the experimental data obtained in the 1977 Chalk Point Dye Tracer Experiment (CPDTE). The conservation equations for mass fractions of water droplets having different sizes are solved in addition to the standard conservation equations for mixture mass, momentum, energy, water vapor mass fraction and turbulent quantities (turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate). Extra terms are provided to the conservation equations for mass fractions of liq
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Söderlund, Erika, Andrew R. Martin, Per Alvfors, Jonas Forsman, and Laszlo Sarközi. "Heat Recovery Enhancement and Operational Issues of a 200 kWe Fuel Cell Cogeneration Plant." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0839.

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Abstract This study presents some of the experiences gained during a two year operational period of a decentralized fuel cell cogeneration plant installed in southern Sweden. Various modifications to the system are described, most notably a plume eliminator for the reduction of an undesirable vapor cloud emitted by the original system. Aside from vapor cloud elimination, the plume eliminator allows for more efficient plant operation, as a larger fraction of the system cooling requirements can be shifted to the district heating system. In-field measurements show a 17 to 26% increase in district
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Fan, X., M. P. Planche, G. Darut, N. Kang, and G. Montavon. "Characterization of Aluminum Based Coatings Deposited by Very Low Pressure Plasma Spray." In ITSC2017, edited by A. Agarwal, G. Bolelli, A. Concustell, et al. DVS Media GmbH, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2017p0566.

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Abstract The objective of this research is to investigate the changes of the microstructure and mechanical property of aluminum based coatings manufactured by VLPPS along the radial directions of the plasma plume. Aluminum powders were sprayed with a F4-VB low-power plasma gun under a working pressure of 150 Pa. Coatings deposition is studied at different distances from the plasma plume impact. Front of the plasma plume, in-situ reactions between aluminum and substrate elements (such as Fe, Cr, Ni) present in the base metal take places. It mainly forms aluminum based intermetallic Al3Fe coatin
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Reports on the topic "Vapor plume"

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Vanderkooy and McAlary. PR-445-133727-R01 Vapor Plume Detection - Report Compilation and Summary. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010835.

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Detecting small leaks of liquid hydrocarbons from underground pipelines is difficult using currently available techniques. Hundreds of thousands of miles of aging pipelines run through North America alone and the incidence of small leaks is expected to increase as time goes on. This research was aimed at evaluating two alternative methods for leak detection: 1) monitoring petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) vapors at or above ground surface over the leaked product, or 2) using plants as visual sensors to indicate the presence of a leak below. Four reports were generated, including: 1) mathematical mod
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Masse, William B. The Vapor Plume at Material Disposal Are C in Relation to Pajarito Corridor Facilities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1038123.

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Price, Donald. SM-403-148100-R01 Mineral Wells 2012 RAM Gas and Oil Leak Detection Field Study Results. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010851.

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In June 2012, the RAM Program conducted a comprehensive field study to evaluate the performance of current off the shelf sensor technologies for detecting gas and oil leaks on pipelines. This study had three key objectives: 1. Evaluate the capabilities of current technologies that are offered commercially for methane leak detection monitoring using standard pipeline patrol aircraft 2. Provide a test location for development of emerging technologies that are not yet commercially available for pipeline leak detection 3. Assess the feasibility of using airborne sensors to detect staged liquid oil
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