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Journal articles on the topic 'Variability of breathing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tomi, Satoko T., Ryoji Ide, and Jacopo P. Mortola. "Heart and breathing rate variability in the avian perinatal period: The chicken embryo as a model." Avian Biology Research 12, no. 1 (2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758155919832137.

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We used the chicken embryo at the internal pipping phase (just after the onset of pulmonary ventilation) as a model to quantify the changes in heart rate (fH), breathing frequency (fB) and their variabilities (heart rate variability and breathing rate variability) during air breathing (21% O2) and successive 20-min periods of 15%, 10% and 5% O2 and post-hypoxic recovery. For each condition, and for both fH and fB, variability was quantified by time-domain analysis with five standard criteria; these produced qualitatively similar results, which were combined into a single variability index. In

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Gonzalez, Kevin, Wassim Tarraf, Eena Kosik, et al. "0458 Cardiovascular and sociocultural factors are associated with sleep breathing differences in a diverse Hispanic/Latino cohort." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (2023): A204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0458.

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Abstract Introduction Obesity and or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can impact awake breathing patterns, such as increments in the breathing rate. However, little is known about their associations with breathing dysregulations during sleep beyond the apnea-hypopnea events. Understanding this could help elucidate treatment mechanisms or different pathways for disease. Furthermore, there is a strong connection between breathing patterns and cardiovascular disease, thus it is also critical to understand the links between cardiovascular risk factors and disease (CVD) and sleep breathing patterns. M

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Guziy, O.V., and A.P. Romanchuk. "[DYNAMICS OF VARIABILITY CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE TRAINING LOAD]." Medichna reabіlіtacіya, kurortologіya, fіzіoterapіya [Medical Rehabilitation, Balneology, Physiotherapy] 2015, no. 1 (2015): 35–40. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20073.

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According to the investigation with using spiroarteriocardiorhythmography it has been found study found that under the influence o f the training load in sportsmen, engaged o f water polo, significantly change indexes o f variability heart rhythm, SBP, DBP and spontaneous breathing. It has been shown that in the post-exercise period the moderate and expressed decrease o f TP heart rate (in 70.9 % o f sportsmen), minor changes in TPSBP and a moderate increase in TPDBP. This occurs against the background o f moderate and expressed increase (in 71 % o f spotsmen) TPbr. Dynamics o f variability in

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Bloomfield, Daniel M., Anthony Magnano, J. Thomas Bigger, Harold Rivadeneira, Michael Parides, and Richard C. Steinman. "Comparison of spontaneous vs. metronome-guided breathing on assessment of vagal modulation using RR variability." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 280, no. 3 (2001): H1145—H1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.3.h1145.

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R-R interval variability (RR variability) is increasingly being used as an index of autonomic activity. High-frequency (HF) power reflects vagal modulation of the sinus node. Since vagal modulation occurs at the respiratory frequency, some investigators have suggested that HF power cannot be interpreted unless the breathing rate is controlled. We hypothesized that HF power during spontaneous breathing would not differ significantly from HF power during metronome-guided breathing. We measured HF power during spontaneous breathing in 20 healthy subjects and 19 patients with heart disease. Each s

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Kim, Lenise, Chloe Alexandre, Huy Pho, Alban Latremoliere, Vsevolod Polotsky, and Luu Pham. "0167 Obesity-Induced Breathing Variability During Sleep Is Not Entirely Attributed to Apneas and Sleep Fragmentation." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (2022): A77—A78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.165.

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Abstract Introduction Obesity is a major cause of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Conventional metrics of SDB can be confounded by the effects of obesity on oxygenation and lack of standard definitions. Sleep fragmentation is frequently observed in obese individuals, but whether it occurs independently of SDB remains unknown. Quantitative analysis of ventilation may delineate the effects of obesity on breathing patterns and sleep fragmentation. We aimed to examine the effects of obesity on respiratory patterns during sleep and the relationship between obesity-related respiratory variability

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Keyl, Cornelius, Peter Lemberger, Michael Pfeifer, Karin Hochmuth, and Peter Geisler. "Heart Rate Variability in Patients with Daytime Sleepiness Suspected of Having Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: A Receiver-Operating Characteristic Analysis." Clinical Science 92, no. 4 (1997): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0920335.

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1. Periodic breathing is known to be associated with cyclic fluctuations in heart rate. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capability of spectral analysis of heart rate variability to identify episodes with periodic breathing in patients suspected of having sleep apnoea syndrome. 2. Forty-eight subjects complaining of chronic daytime sleepiness were studied using polysomnography and additional monitoring of Holter-ECG and synchronized pulse oximetry. The recordings were divided into 20 min episodes which were identified as recordings registered during normal breathing, periodic brea

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Adar, Ofek, Adi Hollander, and Yaron Ilan. "The Constrained Disorder Principle Accounts for the Variability That Characterizes Breathing: A Method for Treating Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Improving Mechanical Ventilation." Advances in Respiratory Medicine 91, no. 5 (2023): 350–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arm91050028.

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Variability characterizes breathing, cellular respiration, and the underlying quantum effects. Variability serves as a mechanism for coping with changing environments; however, this hypothesis does not explain why many of the variable phenomena of respiration manifest randomness. According to the constrained disorder principle (CDP), living organisms are defined by their inherent disorder bounded by variable boundaries. The present paper describes the mechanisms of breathing and cellular respiration, focusing on their inherent variability. It defines how the CDP accounts for the variability an

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Wang, Yong-Ping, Terry B. J. Kuo, Chun-Ting Lai, Jui-Wen Chu, and Cheryl C. H. Yang. "Effects of respiratory time ratio on heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity." Journal of Applied Physiology 115, no. 11 (2013): 1648–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00163.2013.

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Paced breathing is a frequently performed technique for cardiovascular autonomic studies. The relative timing of inspiration and expiration during paced breathing, however, is not consistent. We, therefore, examined whether indexes of heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity would be affected by the respiratory time ratio that is set. We studied 14 healthy young adults who controlled their breathing rates to either 0.1 or 0.25 Hz in the supine and sitting positions. Four different inspiratory-to-expiratory time ratios (I/E) (uncontrolled, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were examined f

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Li, Aihua, and Eugene Nattie. "Catecholamine neurones in rats modulate sleep, breathing, central chemoreception and breathing variability." Journal of Physiology 570, no. 2 (2006): 385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2005.099325.

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10

Fouron, Jean-Claude. "Fetal heart rate variability and breathing movements." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 153, no. 7 (1985): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9378(85)90362-x.

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Larsen, P. D., Y. C. Tzeng, and D. C. Galletly. "Quantal ventilatory variability during spontaneous breathing anaesthesia." British Journal of Anaesthesia 91, no. 2 (2003): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeg156.

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Ganenco, Andrei. "Predicting sympathovagal balance using parameters of breathing patterns in abdominal breathing." Moldovan Journal of Health Sciences 10, no. 3 (2023): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.52645/mjhs.2023.3.02.

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Introduction. Abdominal breathing is utilized as a non-pharmacological treatment method for various stress-related conditions and autonomic dysfunctions. The objective of the study was to determine the predictors in the modulation of sympathovagal balance, as indicated by the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power of heart rate variability, by utilizing the respiratory pattern parameters recorded during the abdominal breathing model. Material and methods. The study involved a group of 101 healthy subjects, where the breathing pattern was recorded using a respiratory induction plethysmo

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Tobin, M. J., M. J. Mador, S. M. Guenther, R. F. Lodato, and M. A. Sackner. "Variability of resting respiratory drive and timing in healthy subjects." Journal of Applied Physiology 65, no. 1 (1988): 309–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.65.1.309.

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Studies of breathing pattern have focused primarily on changes in the mean values of the breathing pattern components, whereas there has been minimal investigation of breath-to-breath variability, which should provide information on the constancy with which respiration is controlled. In this study we examined the variability of breathing pattern both on a breath-to-breath and day-to-day basis by calculating the coefficient of variation (i.e., the standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the mean). By examining breath-to-breath data, we found that the coefficients of variation of tidal v

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Weippert, Matthias, Kristin Behrens, Annika Rieger, Mohit Kumar, and Martin Behrens. "Effects of breathing patterns and light exercise on linear and nonlinear heart rate variability." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 40, no. 8 (2015): 762–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2014-0493.

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Despite their use in cardiac risk stratification, the physiological meaning of nonlinear heart rate variability (HRV) measures is not well understood. The aim of this study was to elucidate effects of breathing frequency, tidal volume, and light exercise on nonlinear HRV and to determine associations with traditional HRV indices. R–R intervals, blood pressure, minute ventilation, breathing frequency, and respiratory gas concentrations were measured in 24 healthy male volunteers during 7 conditions: voluntary breathing at rest, and metronome guided breathing (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 Hz) during rest, a

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15

Chauhan, Nirupama, Meenakshi Sharma, Ramesh Soni, Hada Rinki, and Chaya Gupta. "Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise on Heart Rate Variability in Young Adults –Randomised Controlled Trial." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 3 (2022): 539–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13851053.

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<strong>Introduction:</strong> Breathing affects our respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, muscular, and psychological wellbeing. Breathing also influences our sleep, memory, and concentration ability to and plays an important role in improving our energy level. To study the effect of deep breathing exercise on heart rate variability of Pranayama, most known as deep breathing exercises, is a compound word with Pran and Ayama. The increase in HRV may be since the reduction in breathing frequency caused by the breathing training allows the respiration to modulate the

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Pandit, Paresh B., Kee H. Pyon, Sherry E. Courtney, Sandra E. England, and Robert H. Habib. "Lung resistance and elastance in spontaneously breathing preterm infants: effects of breathing pattern and demographics." Journal of Applied Physiology 88, no. 3 (2000): 997–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2000.88.3.997.

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Reported values of lung resistance (Rl) and elastance (El) in spontaneously breathing preterm neonates vary widely. We hypothesized that this variability in lung properties can be largely explained by both inter- and intrasubject variability in breathing pattern and demographics. Thirty-three neonates receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure [weight 606–1,792 g, gestational age (GA) of 25–33 wk, 2–49 days old] were studied. Transpulmonary pressure was measured by esophageal manometry and airway flow by face mask pneumotachography. Breath-to-breath changes in Rl and El in each infant

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DeBeck, Lindsay D., Stewart R. Petersen, Kelvin E. Jones, and Michael K. Stickland. "Heart rate variability and muscle sympathetic nerve activity response to acute stress: the effect of breathing." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 299, no. 1 (2010): R80—R91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00246.2009.

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Previous research has suggested a relationship between low-frequency power of heart rate variability (HRV; LF in normalized units, LFnu) and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). However, investigations have not systematically controlled for breathing, which can modulate both HRV and MSNA. Accordingly, the aims of this experiment were to investigate the possibility of parallel responses in MSNA and HRV (LFnu) to selected acute stressors and the effect of controlled breathing. After data were obtained at rest, 12 healthy males (28 ± 5 yr) performed isometric handgrip exercise (30% maximal v

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18

Sahebjamee, N., and E. Nagy. "The effect of a short breathing intervention on postural control and heart rate variability." Developments in Health Sciences 5, no. 1 (2023): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2066.2023.00045.

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AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to determine the immediate effect of a short breathing intervention on postural control and heart rate variability in healthy individuals.Materials/MethodsThe study involved 28 participants. Heart rate variability and heart rate were measured using a Polar (H10) sensor, and the sway path during posturography was recorded using the NeuroCom system, with participants standing on a firm then a foam surface in the eyes open and eyes closed conditions. All measurements were performed before and after the breathing intervention to provide baseline and p

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Waag Carlson, Barbara, Virginia J. Neelon, John R. Carlson, Marilyn Hartman, and Sunil Dogra. "Respiratory Periodicity and Electroencephalogram Arousals During Sleep in Older Adults." Biological Research For Nursing 8, no. 4 (2007): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800406298072.

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The aim of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship of electroencephalogram (EEG) arousals to breathing patterns and the relationship of both arousals and breathing patterns to arterial oxygenation during sleep in older adults. Five older adults were monitored using standard polysomnography. Records were divided into 5-min segments and breathing patterns identified based on the level of respiratory periodicity and the variability in the frequency of breathing cycles. Standard criteria were used to determine sleep states and occurrence of EEG arousals. High respiratory periodicity

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Winkworth, Alison L., Pamela J. Davis, Elizabeth Ellis, and Roger D. Adams. "Variability and Consistency in Speech Breathing During Reading." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 37, no. 3 (1994): 535–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3703.535.

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Lung volumes during reading and associated factors such as speech intensity and linguistic influences were studied in six healthy young women over 7 to 10 sessions, using respiratory inductive plethysmography. Intrasubject variability of lung volumes over the sessions was almost as great as the intersubject variability. Some of the intrasubject variability was associated with natural variations of speech intensity within a “comfortable loudness” range. The lung volume variability during reading is contrasted with high degrees of both inter- and intrasubject consistency in the location of inspi

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Winkworth, Alison L., Pamela J. Davis, Roger D. Adams, and Elizabeth Ellis. "Breathing Patterns During Spontaneous Speech." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 38, no. 1 (1995): 124–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3801.124.

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Lung volumes, speech intensity, the linguistic location of inspirations, and the variability of each, were studied during spontaneous speech in 6 healthy young women over 7 to 10 sessions each, using respiratory inductance plethysmography. Although average lung volume levels were within the vital capacity range previously reported for speech (Hixon, Goldman, & Mead, 1973), significant inter- and intrasubject variability was observed. This variability was considerable for some subjects (average initiation lung volume varying between 42 and 63% VC over the sessions) and relatively small for

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Kox, Matthijs, Jan C. Pompe, Johannes G. van der Hoeven, Cornelia W. Hoedemaekers, and Peter Pickkers. "Influence of different breathing patterns on heart rate variability indices and reproducibility during experimental endotoxaemia in human subjects." Clinical Science 121, no. 5 (2011): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20110027.

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HRV (heart rate variability) analysis is a widely employed method to assess cardiac autonomic nervous system activity. Accurate HRV measurement is critical to its value as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. Different breathing patterns may affect HRV, but results obtained under static conditions are conflicting. HRV indices decrease considerably during systemic inflammation evoked by experimental endotoxaemia, enabling the determination of the effects of different breathing patterns on HRV in a dynamic setting. We investigated the impact of different breathing patterns on short-term HRV measure

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Sánchez-Solís, Alejandra Margarita, Viridiana Peláez-Hernández, Laura Mercedes Santiago-Fuentes, Guadalupe Lizzbett Luna-Rodríguez, José Javier Reyes-Lagos, and Arturo Orea-Tejeda. "Induced Relaxation Enhances the Cardiorespiratory Dynamics in COVID-19 Survivors." Entropy 25, no. 6 (2023): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25060874.

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Most COVID-19 survivors report experiencing at least one persistent symptom after recovery, including sympathovagal imbalance. Relaxation techniques based on slow-paced breathing have proven to be beneficial for cardiovascular and respiratory dynamics in healthy subjects and patients with various diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the cardiorespiratory dynamics by linear and nonlinear analysis of photoplethysmographic and respiratory time series on COVID-19 survivors under a psychophysiological assessment that includes slow-paced breathing. We analyzed photoplethysmographi

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Lukarski, Dushko, Dushko Stavrov, and Tomislav Stankovski. "Variability of cardiorespiratory interactions under different breathing patterns." Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 71 (January 2022): 103152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bspc.2021.103152.

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Galletly, D., and P. Larsen. "Ventilatory frequency variability in spontaneously breathing anaesthetized subjects." British Journal of Anaesthesia 83, no. 4 (1999): 552–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/83.4.552.

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Gozal, David, Ahmad Shata, Meiho Nakayama, and Karen Spruyt. "Seasonal variability of sleep-disordered breathing in children." Pediatric Pulmonology 46, no. 6 (2011): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppul.21408.

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Firth, Andrea M., Torvald F. Ask, Stefan Sütterlin, and Ricardo G. Lugo. "The Effect of Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Training on Vagal Tone in Athletically Talented Secondary School Students." Sports 10, no. 10 (2022): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports10100146.

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This study examines whether twelve sessions of heart rate variability biofeedback training would improve vagally mediated heart rate variability. If so, it would go some way in explaining why breathing-based interventions reduce clinical symptoms and improve non-clinical performance outcomes. Methods: Thirty participants (N = 30, Nfemale = 13) aged 14–13-year-old, all talented athletes, from a sport specialist school in SE London UK, were randomly divided into three groups, a control group, a psychology skills training combined with heart rate variability biofeedback training group, and a hear

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Kizakevich, Paul N., Randall P. Eckhoff, Gregory F. Lewis, et al. "Biofeedback-Assisted Resilience Training for Traumatic and Operational Stress: Preliminary Analysis of a Self-Delivered Digital Health Methodology." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 7, no. 9 (2019): e12590. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/12590.

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Background Psychological resilience is critical to minimize the health effects of traumatic events. Trauma may induce a chronic state of hyperarousal, resulting in problems such as anxiety, insomnia, or posttraumatic stress disorder. Mind-body practices, such as relaxation breathing and mindfulness meditation, help to reduce arousal and may reduce the likelihood of such psychological distress. To better understand resilience-building practices, we are conducting the Biofeedback-Assisted Resilience Training (BART) study to evaluate whether the practice of slow, paced breathing with or without h

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Harisuddin, Hilman, Imam Subadi, Nuniek Nugraheni Sulistiawati, Andriati, and Soenarnatalina Melaniani. "The effect of exercise using incentive spirometry on heart rate variability in patients after COVID-19 infection." Bali Medical Journal 12, no. 1 (2023): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i1.3992.

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Background: COVID-19 infection causes various sequelae and complications after recovery. Changes in heart rate variability (HRV) were found in patients with COVID-19 infection, suggesting a disturbance in the autonomic system. Breathing exercises with diaphragmatic breathing and incentive spirometry have been shown to increase HRV by increasing lung capacity, respiratory muscle strength, and pulmonary O2 pressure, which can affect baroreflex signals. Incentive spirometry is one of the easy-to-use, safe, inexpensive pulmonary rehabilitation exercises that can be done at home without supervision

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Del Rio, Rodrigo, Noah J. Marcus, and Harold D. Schultz. "Inhibition of hydrogen sulfide restores normal breathing stability and improves autonomic control during experimental heart failure." Journal of Applied Physiology 114, no. 9 (2013): 1141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01503.2012.

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Cardiovascular autonomic imbalance and breathing instability are major contributors to the progression of heart failure (CHF). Potentiation of the carotid body (CB) chemoreflex has been shown to contribute to these effects. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) recently has been proposed to mediate CB hypoxic chemoreception. We hypothesized that H2S synthesis inhibition should decrease CB chemoreflex activation and improve breathing stability and autonomic function in CHF rats. Using the irreversible inhibitor of cystathione γ-lyase dl-propargylglycine (PAG), we tested the effects of H2S inhibition on restin

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Guziy, O. V. "Shchodo kontroliu vplyvu trenuvalnoho navantazhennia na orhanizm sportsmeniv za parametramy vehetatyvnoho zabezpechennia kardiorespiratornoi systemy [Regarding control of the training load impact on the athletes' body by providing vegetative parameters of the cardiorespiratory system]." Acta Medica Leopoliensia 21, no. 3 (2015) (2015): 41–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34347.

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Aim of the study: to investigate the feasibility of using spiroarteriocardiorhythmography method to study the effect of training load on the body athletes' body. Materials and Methods. We have examined 32 qualified male athletes aged 20,6±3,0 years, who are engaged in water polo by spiroarteriocardiorhythmography method (Sacre) that allows simultaneous recording of the cardiac, vascular and respiratory rhythms parameters. Spectral analysis was conducted within three frequency ranges: very low frequency (VLF, 0-0,04 Hz), low frequency (LF, 0,04-0,15

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Zhang, Long, Xuezhi Yang, and Jing Shen. "Frequency Variability Feature for Life Signs Detection and Localization in Natural Disasters." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (2021): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040796.

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The locations and breathing signal of people in disaster areas are significant information for search and rescue missions in prioritizing operations to save more lives. For detecting the living people who are lying on the ground and covered with dust, debris or ashes, a motion magnification-based method has recently been proposed. This current method estimates the locations and breathing signal of people from a drone video by assuming that only human breathing-related motions exist in the video. However, in natural disasters, background motions, such as swing trees and grass caused by wind, ar

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Fonoberova, Maria, Igor Mezić, Jennifer F. Buckman, et al. "A computational physiology approach to personalized treatment models: the beneficial effects of slow breathing on the human cardiovascular system." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 307, no. 7 (2014): H1073—H1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01011.2013.

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Heart rate variability biofeedback intervention involves slow breathing at a rate of ∼6 breaths/min (resonance breathing) to maximize respiratory and baroreflex effects on heart period oscillations. This intervention has wide-ranging clinical benefits and is gaining empirical support as an adjunct therapy for biobehavioral disorders, including asthma and depression. Yet, little is known about the system-level cardiovascular changes that occur during resonance breathing or the extent to which individuals differ in cardiovascular benefit. This study used a computational physiology approach to dy

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Jiwa, Farzin, Pamela DeYoung, Kathy Pham, et al. "0492 Variability in High Altitude Sleep Disordered Breathing and Impact of Acclimatization." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (2023): A219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0492.

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Abstract Introduction Individuals who travel to high altitude experience variable levels of poor sleep quality and sleep disordered breathing, which can have neurocognitive and other systemic impacts. Past studies by our group and others have shown that the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) increases, and nocturnal oxygen saturation decreases at higher altitude. This may change over time with acclimatization to environmental hypoxemia. The aim of this study was to examine the trajectory and variability in high altitude sleep disordered breathing effects in healthy young adult volunteers. Methods Twen

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Komori, Teruhisa. "The relaxation effect of prolonged expiratory breathing." Mental Illness 10, no. 1 (2018): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi.2018.7669.

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This study was performed to confirm that autonomic nervous activity is affected by breathing speed. I hypothesized that prolonged expiratory breathing would promote parasympathetic dominance, whereas rapid breathing would promote sympathetic dominance. Ten healthy men, ages 21-28 years old, were instructed to perform prolonged expiratory breathing (6 seconds expiration, 4 seconds inspiration) after spontaneous breathing and rapid breathing (1 second expiration, 1 second inspiration) after spontaneous breathing; changes in high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF)/HF of heart rate variability

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Dhingra, R. R., F. J. Jacono, M. Fishman, K. A. Loparo, I. A. Rybak, and T. E. Dick. "Vagal-dependent nonlinear variability in the respiratory pattern of anesthetized, spontaneously breathing rats." Journal of Applied Physiology 111, no. 1 (2011): 272–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91196.2008.

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Physiological rhythms, including respiration, exhibit endogenous variability associated with health, and deviations from this are associated with disease. Specific changes in the linear and nonlinear sources of breathing variability have not been investigated. In this study, we used information theory-based techniques, combined with surrogate data testing, to quantify and characterize the vagal-dependent nonlinear pattern variability in urethane-anesthetized, spontaneously breathing adult rats. Surrogate data sets preserved the amplitude distribution and linear correlations of the original dat

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Bhupendra, Buda, Banerjee Silvi, and Kumar Pradhan Susajit. "A Study on the Effect of Deep Breathing Exercise on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) in Healthy Subjects." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 14, no. 7 (2022): 713–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13373052.

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<strong>Background:</strong> Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction is reported in several cardiac pathologies. Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a standard tool reflecting the Cardiac Autonomic status. Respiration is an important modulator of Heart Rate Variability. So as Physiologists, we designed a research plan to study the effect of a Physiological Intervention (ie Deep Breathing Exercise) on Heart Rate Variability. <strong>Hypothesis:</strong> Our hypothesis was Deep Breathing Exercise Training for a considerable duration leads to improvement in HRV. <strong>Aim: </strong>W

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Lydia Abraham and John Pramod. "Assessment of prognostic value of heart rate response to single deep breath in cases of acute myocardial infarction involving anterior wall or inferior wall within first 12 hours of admission." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 14, no. 3 (2023): 372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2023.14.3.0286.

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Introduction: The sympatho-vagal balance on the SA node produces beat to beat variation in heart rate which is markedly increased in normal subjects on deep breathing cycles. Heart rate variability testing gives an estimation of altered vagal-sympathetic balance and is a marker of low vagal tone on the heart. This study assesses a simple bedside test involving a single cycle of deep breathing to assess heart rate variability response. Methods: A prospective observational study was done from May 2018 to September 2018 in the department of cardiology in 52 subjects diagnosed as suffering from ac

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PICCIRILLO, Gianfranco, Camilla NASO, Antonio MOISÈ, et al. "Heart rate and blood pressure variability in subjects with vasovagal syncope." Clinical Science 107, no. 1 (2004): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20030327.

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Autonomic nervous system control in subjects with vasovagal syncope is controversial. In the present study, we used short-term spectral analysis to evaluate autonomic control in subjects with recurrent vasovagal syncope. We assessed the ability of spectral indices of HR (heart rate) variability to predict tilt-test responses. A series of 47 outpatients with recurrent vasovagal syncope and with positive responses to head-up tilt testing underwent a further study of RR variability during controlled breathing at rest and during tilt testing. During controlled breathing, RR interval variability of

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Browne, Helen A. K., Lewis Adams, Anita K. Simonds, and Mary J. Morrell. "Impact of age on breathing and resistive pressure in people with and without sleep apnea." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 3 (2001): 1074–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.3.1074.

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We investigated the effect of age on breathing and total pulmonary resistance (Rl) during sleep by studying elderly (>65 yr) and young (25–38 yr) people without sleep apnea (EN and YN, respectively) matched for body mass index (BMI). To determine the impact of sleep apnea on age-related changes in breathing, we studied elderly and young apneic patients (EA and YA, respectively) matched for apnea and BMI. In all groups ( n = 11), breathing during periods of stable sleep was analyzed to evaluate the intrinsic variability of respiratory control mechanisms. In the absence of sleep apnea, the va

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Lee, Jia-Hua, Tzu-Chien Hsiao, Chia-Chi Chang, and Hung-Yi Hsu. "Magnitude Variation of Arterial Blood Pressure Measured Using Holo–Hilbert Spectral Analysis." Advances in Data Science and Adaptive Analysis 10, no. 03 (2018): 1850007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424922x18500079.

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Arterial blood pressure (ABP) is one of the most crucial cardiovascular indicators in clinical practice. Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT) has been performed on ABP signals and resulted in ABP variability. The instantaneous P-wave interval variation had been further examined with baroreflex sensitivity. However, the instantaneous magnitude variation of ABP signal is still unclear with the pulse pressure (PP) variability. In 2016, Holo–Hilbert spectral analysis (HHSA) extended the HHT method for identifying the amplitude-modulated (AM) characteristics of signals. This method was applied to investig

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Kai, Satoru, Koji Nagino, Takuma Aoki, et al. "Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity during Slow Breathing in Supine Position." Rehabilitation Research and Practice 2021 (February 27, 2021): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6619571.

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The purpose of this study is to clarify cardiac autonomic nervous system activity during slow breathing exercises in a supine position. Eighteen healthy young males were participated. Heart rate variability was measured for 5 minutes at rest, 5 minutes at slow breathing, and then 5 minutes at rest. As a result, the LF/HF ratio increased with slow breathing, but HF value did not change. We suggest that the increased LF/HF ratio may be due to increased airway resistance. Cardiac autonomic nervous system activity during slow breathing in the supine position was revealed.

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Feinstein, Dmitry V., Anna S. Fokina, Galina A. Sevryukova, Alexey N. Doletsky, and Sergey V. Klaucek. "The analysis of the effectiveness of sensorimotor control of breathing with biofeedback and meditational breathing exercises in modeling allostatic load." Journal of Volgograd State Medical University 21, no. 2 (2024): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/1994-9480-2024-21-2-68-72.

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The effectiveness of the method of sensorimotor breathing control with biofeedback and meditative breathing exercises in modeling allostatic load was analyzed. The bioelectrical activity of the brain was studied using electroencephalography. The reactions of the autonomic nervous system were assessed using spectral analysis of heart rate variability. A course of using sensorimotor breathing control procedures with biofeedback has a positive effect on the level of bioelectrical activity of the brain and the reactivity of the autonomic nervous system. These techniques optimize respiratory functi

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BuSha, Brett F., and Martha H. Stella. "State and chemical drive modulate respiratory variability." Journal of Applied Physiology 93, no. 2 (2002): 685–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00951.2001.

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The quantification of respiratory variability may provide insight into the integrative control of breathing. To test the hypothesis that sleep and/or increased chemical drive modifies respiratory variability, six male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were instrumented with diaphragm electromyographic (EMG) electrodes and exposed to 0, 2.5, and 5.0% CO2 with a balance of room air during wakefulness and behaviorally determined sleep. Respiratory interval (Ttot), peak diaphragm EMG, and ventilation index (peak diaphragm EMG/Ttot) were calculated for 1,024 sequential breaths. The variability of breathing

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Kim, Sung-Hyeon, Ho-Jin Shin, and Hwi-Young Cho. "Impact of Types of Breathing on Static Balance Ability in Healthy Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 3 (2022): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031205.

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Recent studies have suggested that breathing type may affect balance ability. However, most of these studies were conducted on the elderly and patients with musculoskeletal or neurological disorders. Therefore, the effect of voluntary breathing, such as thoracic and abdominal breathing, on the balance ability of people in various age groups is not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in balance ability according to the type of breathing in healthy young adults. This study included 78 healthy, young adults. All subjects were assessed for balance abili

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Zamaklar-Trifunovic, Danijela, Petar Seferovic, Milan Petrovic, et al. "The influence of respiratory pattern on heart rate variability analysis in heart failure." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 135, no. 3-4 (2007): 135–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0704135z.

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Introduction. Autonomic dysfunction is present early in the course of heart failure, and has a direct role on deterioration of cardiac function and prognosis. Heart rate variability (HRV) estimates sympathovagal control of heart frequency. The influence of respiratory pattern on HRV is clinically important. Breathing disorders are common in heart failure and highly affect HRV and autonomic evaluation. It was previously shown that slow and deep breathing increased parasympathetic tone, but effects of this respiratory pattern on HRV were not evaluated. Objective. The aim of the study was to esti

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Lee, CMatthew, and Shreya Ghiya. "Influence of alternate nostril breathing on heart rate variability in non-practitioners of yogic breathing." International Journal of Yoga 5, no. 1 (2012): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-6131.91717.

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KUWAMOTO, Ryo, Chisa WATANABE, Sayuri SAKAI, and Yoshinobu MAEDA. "Analysis of Heart Rate Variability Acquired During Deep Breathing Using a Breathing Visualization Lamp System." Advanced Biomedical Engineering 13 (2024): 374–78. https://doi.org/10.14326/abe.13.374.

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Fouzas, Sotirios, Ilias Theodorakopoulos, Edgar Delgado-Eckert, Philipp Latzin, and Urs Frey. "Breath-to-breath variability of exhaled CO2 as a marker of lung dysmaturity in infancy." Journal of Applied Physiology 123, no. 6 (2017): 1563–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00372.2017.

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The concept of diffusional screening implies that breath-to-breath variations in CO2 clearance, when related to the variability of breathing, may contain information on the quality and utilization of the available alveolar surface. We explored the validity of the above hypothesis in a cohort of young infants of comparable postmenstrual age but born at different stages of lung maturity, namely, in term-born infants ( n = 128), preterm-born infants without chronic lung disease of infancy (CLDI; n = 53), and preterm infants with moderate/severe CLDI ( n = 87). Exhaled CO2 volume (VE,CO2) and conc

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Lydia, Abraham, and Pramod John. "Assessment of prognostic value of heart rate response to single deep breath in cases of acute myocardial infarction involving anterior wall or inferior wall within first 12 hours of admission." World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences 14, no. 3 (2023): 372–75. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8318379.

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<strong>Introduction</strong>: The sympatho-vagal balance on the SA node produces beat to beat variation in heart rate which is markedly increased in normal subjects on deep breathing cycles. Heart rate variability testing gives an estimation of altered vagal-sympathetic balance and is a marker of low vagal tone on the heart. This study assesses a simple bedside test involving a single cycle of deep breathing to assess heart rate variability response. <strong>Methods</strong>: A prospective observational study was done from May 2018 to September 2018 in the department of cardiology in 52 subje

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