Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Variable d'état'
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Abidi, Kheireddine. "Observateurs d'état et commande non linéaire de réacteurs chimiques discontinus." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL015N.
Full textTandeo, Pierre. "MODÉLISATION SPATIO-TEMPORELLE D'UNE VARIABLE QUANTITATIVE À PARTIR DE DONNÉES MULTI-SOURCES APPLICATION À LA TEMPÉRATURE DE SURFACE DES OCÉANS." Phd thesis, Agrocampus - Ecole nationale supérieure d'agronomie de rennes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582679.
Full textLeffondré, Karen. "Association entre une durée de survie et une variable catégorielle ordonnée." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA11T024.
Full textVorwald, Pierre. "Contrôle en position de la machine synchrone alimentée en courant entraînant une charge variable : commande par retour d'état avec observation du couple de charge : commande adaptative de type régulateur auto-ajustable." Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT121H.
Full textKeller, Gaëlle. "Génération et caractérisation d'états intriqués en variables continues." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00265679.
Full textLa question de la caractérisation de ces corrélations est largement abordée, en particulier dans le cas des états gaussiens. Le formalisme mathématique des matrices de covariance, particulièrement adapté à cette étude, est développé ; et les différents critères existants sont répertoriés.
Ces critères permettent de caractériser le degré d'intrication des faisceaux générés par le dispositif expérimental au cœur de cette thèse : un Oscillateur Paramétrique Optique auto-verrouillé en phase. Au-dessous du seuil, les faisceaux, de valeur moyenne nulle, présentent une séparabilité de 0,33. Le système viole de manière apparente l'inégalité de Heisenberg de 58%. Au-dessus du seuil, les faisceaux brillants obtenus sont également fortement non classiques : la séparabilité vaut 0,76 et l'inégalité de Heisenberg est violée en apparence de 24%.
Une application originale de ce dispositif est proposée : il est montré théoriquement qu'un OPO à deux cristaux auto-verrouillé en phase génère deux faisceaux intriqués en polarisation, ce qui devrait faciliter le transfert de l'intrication de la lumière à la matière.
Matignon, Denis. "Représentations en variables d'état de modèles de guides d'ondes avec dérivation fractionnaire." Paris 11, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA112332.
Full textTendeng, Léna. "Etude de modèles de transmission de la Schistosomiase: Analyse mathématique, reconstruction des variables d'état et estimation des paramètres." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00843687.
Full textTendeng, Ndéye Léna. "Étude de modèles de transmission de la Schistosomiase : analyse mathématique, reconstruction des variables d'état et estimation des paramètres." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0110/document.
Full textThe aim oh this thesis is the mathematical analysis and the estimation of the parameters of some metapopulation models for bilharzia transmission. We explain how the metapopulation models are built and give a full analysis of their stability. We compute the basic reproduction number R0. We show that if R0 is less than 1 then the Disease Free Equilibrium(DFE) is globally asymptotically stable. In case R0 is higher than 1, we prove the existence and the uniqueness of an endemic equilibrium which is globally asymptotically stable. At last,we suggest methods for the estimation of the states and the parameters for models. We build a numerical observer using the Moving Horizon State Estimation(MHSE) and an analitic one by the High Gain observer method. Applications of thes methods will be done on the Macdonald transmission model of bilharzia
Itoua, Séraphin Nicaise. "Etude de filtres à variables d'état à base de convoyeurs de courant de seconde génération en technologie CMOS." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECAP0855.
Full textLaurat, Julien. "Génération d'états non-classiques et intrication en variables continues à l'aide d'un oscillateur paramétrique optique." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007442.
Full textUn protocole original de préparation conditionnelle d'un état non-classique, de distribution statistique sub-Poissonienne, a été étudié théoriquement et mis en oeuvre expérimentalement. Il repose sur les corrélations d'intensité des faisceaux émis au-dessus du seuil en l'absence de lame. Une compression de 9.5 dB du bruit sur la différence d'intensité a été obtenue.
En présence de la lame, les faisceaux émis sont dégénérés en fréquence et en principe intriqués. La dégénérescence a permis la première mesure des anti-corrélations de phase au-dessus du seuil. Malgré un excès de bruit qui reste à expliquer, ce résultat ouvre une voie intéressante pour la génération directe d'états intriqués intenses. L'oscillateur paramétrique optique, avec ou sans lame, peut également fonctionner au-dessous du seuil et générer des faisceaux fortement intriqués. L'intrication obtenue, stable pendant plusieurs heures, est la plus forte observée à ce jour et elle est préservée jusqu'à des fréquences de bruit très basses. En présence de la lame, les propriétés quantiques originales du système sont également détaillées et une opération passive, réalisée à l'aide de lames biréfringentes, est mise en évidence pour optimiser l'intrication. L'action d'opérations passives sur un état à deux modes est discutée théoriquement.
Etesse, Jean. "Adjonction cohérente itérative de photons pour la génération d'états quantiques mésoscopiques du champ électromagnétique." Thesis, Palaiseau, Institut d'optique théorique et appliquée, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014IOTA0016/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we propose a new scheme for the generation of mesoscopic optical quantum states of light, by the iterated use of an elementary protocol, based on a coherent adjunction of photons. This protocol takes advantage of the two complementary wave and particle descriptions of light, by involving intrinsically discrete states (photons, elementary particles of light) and continuous measurements on the electromagnetic field (quadrature measurements). We experimentally prove the validity of the protocol by showing that it enables the generation of squeezed optical Schrödinger cat states (coherent superposition of quasi-classical states). These states are of great interest as they can be used as the elementary piece in the coherent state quantum calculation, the "qubit" (or quantum bit). We also study the theoretical implementation of the protocol for the production of more complex states : the "quadrature Comb states", whose wavefunction along the quadrature x consists in a succession of thin gaussian peaks modulated by a larger gaussian envelope. Amongst other applications like quantum error correcting codes, we show that they allow for a violation of Bell's inequalities with homodyne measurements only, opening the path towards loophole-free violations
Dang, Quoc-Viet. "Conception et commande d'une interface haptique à retour d'effort pour la CAO." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985356.
Full textMaalej, Sonia. "Commande robuste des systèmes à paramètres variables." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10209/document.
Full textThis work focuses on the stability analysis and the robust control synthesis for nonlinear systems. The design of controllers/observers ofen require a complite or partiel knowledge of the process model to control. Nevertheless, obtaining a model both reable and sufficiently accurate is not only difficult and time-consuming but also it increases the total cdevelopment cost of a control system. In order to reduce the quantity and quality of informations required on the system, new methods of observers and controllers synthesis have been proposed. With known models, an output feedback controller based Luenberger observer was proposed. For this control law, the system closed loop is viewed as the interconnection composed with the ideal closed loop and the observation error. In case where few informations are available, a restricted-model (''model-free'') controller is proposed. In order to estimate the system state, non-asymtotic derivators /estimators based on differentiel algebra or asymptotic ones such as observers or filters have been considered. Both of these control laws have allow to maintain the nonlinear aspects of the system and to obtain general results by reformulating the problem into convex polytopic systems forms. The works of this thesis mainly relies on direct Lyapunov method with quadratic function
Meyer, Luc. "Point-wise and interval state observers for dynamical systems with unknown inputs : application to aerospace navigation." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE038.
Full textThis thesis deals with the problem of state estimation for dynamical systems affected by Unknown Inputs (UI).The first part focuses on point-wise observers. For Linear Time Varying (LTV) or Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) systems with UI and Gaussian noises, a new minimum variance observer is proposed. It equals the existing ones in terms of performance, but overpasses them by its simplicity of implementing and by the existence of an associated stability result. For linear switching systems with Gaussian noises, UI and unknown switching sequence, a first minimum variance estimator is provided. For non linear systems, a new UI Extended Kalman Filter is provided: it generalizes existing results to the case the measurement equation possesses both linear and nonlinear parts. An application for aerospace navigation is proposed. For LTV or LPV systems with UI and finite energy perturbations, an H∞ observer is given : it generalizes and unifies some existing results. The second part focuses on guaranteed set observers. If the perturbations affecting the dynamical system are bounded,several interval observers are provided. For LPV systems with UI, it generalizes some existing results by relaxing a rank condition widely used for UI decoupling. For linear switching systems without or with UI, it provides an interval observer in the case the switching sequence is unknown, which has not been done before. Finally, a new algebraic observer for interval estimation is proposed
Sircoulomb, Vincent. "Etude des concepts de filtrage robuste aux méconnaissances de modèle et aux pertes de mesures. Application aux systèmes de navigation." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00350451.
Full textSircoulomb, Vincent. "Étude des concepts de filtrage robuste aux méconnaissances de modèles et aux pertes de mesures. Application aux systèmes de navigation." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL093N/document.
Full textTo solve the problem of estimating the state of a system, it is necessary to have at one's disposal a model governing the dynamic of the state variables and to measure directly or indirectly all or a part of these variables. The work presented in this thesis deals with the estimation issue in the presence of model uncertainties and sensor losses. The first part of this work represents the synthesis of a state estimation device for nonlinear systems. It consists in selecting a state estimator and properly tuning it. Then, thanks to a criterion introduced for the occasion, it consists in algorithmically designing a hardware redundancy aiming at compensating for some sensor losses. The second part of this work deals with the conception of a sub-model compensating for some model uncertainties. This sub-model, designed by using the Allan variance, is usable by a Kalman filter. This work has been used to take into account some gyroscopical drifts in a GPS-INS integrated navigation based on a constrained Kalman filter. The results obtained, coming from experiments on two plane trajectories, showed a safe and robust behaviour of the proposed method
Chumacero, Polanco Erik. "Velocity sensorless control switched reluctance motors." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112062/document.
Full textIn this thesis dissertation we present the design, stability analysis, numerical simulations and physical experiments of different controllers designed to drive the mechanical velocity of the switched reluctance motor (SRM). In the First and Second Chapters a brief description of the physics and construction of the SRM is presented, as well as the problem of control to be aboard, that is the velocity sensorless control of motors and the state of the art of this problem. The proposed solution is introduced and a summary of the published papers as well as the contribution are also presented.In the Chapter number three is presented the velocity sensorless and adaptive control of the SRM. It is assumed, in a first stage, that only mechanical velocity is unknown, uniform exponential stability of the errors is achieved in this scenario. In a second stage, conditions are stressed and in addition to the velocity, physical parameters are also assumed unknown, uniform asymptotical stability is achieved in this case and parameters estimation is guaranteed under a persistence of excitation condition. This controller consists of two loops, an internal loop based on a PI2D–type controller which is of particular interest given it is free-model; this loop drives the mechanical variables –that is position and velocity- towards a desired reference. An external control loop takes the electrical current towards a ‘’virtual” current reference which is generated based on a torque share approach. The controller is tested on numerical simulations, which are also presented.In the fourth chapter, a new approach on the modeling of the SRM is utilized to design the controller, in this scenario is assumed that the whole state and all the physical parameters are available, however this approach is thought to be suitable to observer based controller, whose ongoing research is being performed. The controller is composed by two loops, similarly to the one mentioned previously. This controller is selected because it is suitable for certainty equivalence control, that is, to substitute the “measurements” by the “observations” coming from a virtual sensor. Numerical implementation is performed on Simulink of Matlab.Finally, in the Chapter five, the experimental results carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed controllers are presented, these are the PI2D and the adaptive PI2D controllers for the simplified model and the $PID$ controller for the novel modeling approach. In the first part, a brief description of the construction of the utilized bench is presented as well as the some technical characteristics. Three different velocity profiles were imposed to each of the overmentioned controllers –these are the so called smooth step, the saturated ramp and the sinusoidal reference- and good results, considering that the controlled variable is the velocity, were obtained. The last chapter corresponds to the conclusions of the performed research as well as to the future work
Jiao, Wenting. "Exploring Risk Factors on Chinese A Share Stock Market - in the Frame of Fama - French Factor Model." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1G013/document.
Full textThis dissertation is to explore the risk factors and factor models on Chinese A-share stock market based on the context of Fama-French (FF) factor model. First of all, chapter 1 re-examines the applicability of Fama-French Three-Factor (FF3F) Model and the latest Fama-French Five-Factor (FF5F) Model considering several special features of Chinese stock market. FF3F Model can explain a majority of time-series variation of the Chinese A-share stock returns. The market beta and SMB are important determinants in explaining the cross-sectional variation in the average stock returns over the sample period; however, we find no value premium. Comparing the performance of both FF3F Model and FF5F Model on Chinese A-share stock market, in the presence of profitability and investment factors, FF5F Model seems not capture more variations of expected stock returns than the three-factor model except the six value-weighted portfolios formed on size and operating profitability.Chapter 2 examines whether FF factors SMB and HML proxy for the innovations of selected state variables (aggregate dividend yield, one-month T-bill rate, term spread and default spread) that describe future investment opportunities on Chinese A-share stock market during the research period. Both time-series and cross-sectional regressions are performed on five comparative models using Fama-MacBeth two-stage approach. FF factors don’t lose their explanatory power with or without the presence of the innovations of selected four state variables in both the time-series and cross-sectional examinations. We find that the information contained in innovation of aggregate dividend yields seems totally captured by the combination of market beta and size factor. FF factors might have played a limited role in capturing alternative investment opportunities proxied by innovations of the selected four state variables.Chapter 3 investigates whether FF factors proxy for distress risk factor and whether different methods of constructing factors result in the different outcomes. The empirical results suggest that there is no significant evidence that FF factors are proxying for distress risk on Chinese A-share stock market. Comparing the time-series regression results by using two different methods, the distress risk factor constructed based on DLI seems to perform slightly better than that constructed based on O-score in capturing time-series average returns. However, the distress risk factor is not an important determinant of cross-sectional average returns, and FF factors cannot proxy as distress risk factor in the cross-section on Chinese A-share stock market
Baffet, Guillaume. "Développement et validation expérimentale d’observateurs des forces du contact pneumatique/chaussée d’une automobile." Compiègne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007COMP1695.
Full textEstimation of vehicle-dynamic variables is essential for safety enhancement, in particular for braking and trajectory-control systems. The aim of this thesis is to develop state observers for the estimation of variables linked to tire-road friction. Different estimation methods are proposed in order to reconstruct tire-road forces and vehicle sideslip angle. The estimation algorithms are constructed so as to be functional in critical driving situations, notably for weak lateral accelerations and road friction changes. In addition to estimation methods, this thesis presents a substantial number of observer evaluations, performed in simulations and in experiments. The estimation process was integrated in an experimental vehicle, and was tested in real time, particularly in relation to wheel force measurements
Menhour, Lghani. "Synthèse de commandes au volant d'une automobile pour le diagnostic de rupture d'un itinéraire : développement et validation expérimentale." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1915.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to develop control laws and road bank angle estimation, for the diagnosis of critical situations, this application is known as "Itinerary Rupture DIagnosis", which aims to evaluate the physical limits of a vehicle negotiating a bend, these limits are highlighted when the vehicle operating in the non-linear areas. The exploration to the limit dynamic requires a realistic model of a real vehicle. The first step of this work, is to design linear and non linear control laws, to extrapolate the behaviour of the vehicle model. Several control laws are proposed and validated, some of them control the vehicle via the steering angle, further at the same time control the vehicle via the steering torque and the wheel traction torque. The second step is dedicated for the estimation of the road bank angle using an unknown input sliding mode observer, this in order to make the trajectory more realistic and take into account the effects of this angle on the dynamic behaviour of the vehicle. The third step presents the speed extrapolation tests, starting from a normal driving situation, towards a virtual loss of control, this extrapolation is performed using several instances of a dynamic model run with incremented speeds, these models are controlled by control laws and coupled with road bank angle observer. The last step is devoted to the study and analysis of extrapolated output models, using detection criteria on the limit vehicle dynamics. This phase will allow the detection of dangerous situations and/or save them in the accident road databases. This study provides an important experimental validation phases of the vehicle models, control laws and observer. This validation is performed using experimental data acquired by prototype vehicle Peugeot 307 developed by INRETS-MA, and the bank angle experimental data of the two vehicles VANI and PALAS2. This work led to the design of modules (commands and observer) operating in real time
Chabi-Yo, Fousseni. "Asymmetry risk, state variables and stochastic discount factor specification in asset pricing models." Thèse, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/179.
Full text"Identification par modèle non entier pour la poursuite robuste de trajectoire par platitude." 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00978545.
Full textAlbe, Mamono. "Mise à jour des variables d'état du modèle hydrologique Hydrotel en fonction des débits mesurés." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3722/1/M11615.pdf.
Full textSamson-Daoust, Eugénie. "Influence des variables de trait et d'état sur le contenu affectif des rêves de tous les jours." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23819.
Full textAlthough emotions are reported in a large majority of dreams, little is known about the factors that account for night-to-night and person-to-person variations in people’s experience of dream affect. We investigated the relationship between waking trait and state variables and dream affect by testing multilevel models intended to predict the affective valence of people’s everyday dreams. Participants from the general population completed measures of personality and trauma history followed by a three-week daily journal in which they noted dream recall, valence of dreamed emotions, as well as their level of perceived stress for the day and prior to sleep onset. Within-subject effects accounted for most of the variance in the reported valence of dream affect. Trait anxiety was the only variable that significantly predicted dream emotional valence at the between-subjects level. While highlighting the need for more fine-grained measures in this research field, our results point to methodological limitations and biases associated with retrospective estimates of general dream and waking affect, and bring into focus state variables that may best explain observed within-subject variance in emotions experienced in everyday dreams.