Journal articles: 'Variable references'

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Resa, Jorge, Domingo Cortes, Juan Francisco Marquez-Rubio, and David Navarro. "Reduction of Induction Motor Energy Consumption via Variable Velocity and Flux References." Electronics 8, no. 7 (June 29, 2019): 740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8070740.

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Induction motors (IM) have been a fundamental part of industrial applications for over a century and the number of their applications continues to expand. A significant amount of the world’s total energy expense is consumed by this kind of motor. Hence, it is very important to increase the energy efficiency of these machines. Due to its good performance, field-oriented control (FOC) is the most common strategy to control IM. FOC requires references for stator current and rotor magnetic fluxes. For velocity regulation, a velocity reference is used instead of a stator current reference. However, at motor start-up or when a change of torque is required, it would be convenient for these references to be variable in order to reduce energy consumption. In this work, it is shown that this is indeed the case, and a technique to find optimal time-variable references for stator currents and magnetic rotor fluxes to reduce energy consumption is proposed. It is shown that, depending on the mechanical load, an energy reduction of 20–45% can be achieved.

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Chen, Ming, and Xiao Fei Ma. "In-Plane Stability Bearing Capacity of Variable Section Column." Applied Mechanics and Materials 578-579 (July 2014): 717–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.578-579.717.

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Variable section portal frame is increasingly concerned and is widely used for its economy, beauty and short construction period, compared with other traditional structures. In-plane stability response of variable section columns of portal frames is the focus of this paper. Results are presented for parameters influence of variable section column on the in-plane stability bearing capacity with finite element analysis. References are proposed for practical application compared with computational formulas of Technical Specification for Steel Structure of Light-Weight Buildings with Gabled Frames.

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Xu, Wenhao, Muxuan Pan, Jiakun Qin, and Jinquan Huang. "Reference and Limit Governors for Limit Protection of Turbofan Engines." Energies 12, no. 14 (July 21, 2019): 2803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142803.

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This paper proposes a novel architecture of limit protection including the references governors and limit governors and applies this architecture to limit protection in turbofan engines. References governors are designed as add-on schemes to a pre-stability engine control system that modifies reference commands to avoid constraints violation. Limit governors are proposed as an assistant part for references governors adjusting constraints to prevent references from stopping updates. The use of output admissible sets for a class of variable constraints is exploited to form invariant sets. Simulation results based on a turbofan engine model show that references governors with limit governors can effectively enforce the multiple constraints and provide enhanced engine thrust when steady violation occurs.

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Rodríguez, E., and M. J. López-González. "SX Phe Variables in Globular Clusters." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 185 (2002): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100015803.

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AbstractWe have compiled an extensive and up-dated list of SX Phe-type pulsators in globular clusters. In addition, SX Phe variables discovered in the Carina dwarf galaxy and other ones probably belonging to the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy are included. This catalogue is intended to be an up-dated list of all the SX Phe stars, in globular clusters and galaxies, known until now. The stars and their most significant parameters are listed together with references to studies of individual stars and notes for a number of variables. In addition, the references on the discovery for each variable and sources for photometry are also listed. Some relevant distributions are also analysed. The analysis of metal abundances and mean periods shows that both parameters are correlated in the sense that the periods of the variables are longer as the metallicity of the stellar system is higher.

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Du, Wei-Shih, Marko Kostić, and Manuel Pinto. "Almost Periodic Functions and Their Applications: A Survey of Results and Perspectives." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (April 14, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5536018.

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The main aim of this survey article is to present several known results about vector-valued almost periodic functions and their applications. We separately consider almost periodic functions depending on one real variable and almost periodic functions depending on two or more real variables. We address several open problems and possibilities for further investigations of almost periodic functions, quoting more than two hundred references about the subject under our consideration.

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ZANG, XIZHE, ZHENKUN LIN, XINRAN SUN, and YIXIANG LIU. "BIPED ROBOT DESIGN WITH VARIABLE ANKLE STIFFNESS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 17, no. 07 (November 2017): 1740013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519417400139.

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Human lower limbs have particular flexibility. Both the efficiency of bipedal walking and the ability to protect actuators with low energy loss are worthy references for the design of bipedal robots. This paper proposes a design for a biped robot with joints of variable stiffness. The robot has three degrees of freedom in the sagittal plane in each leg. The hips and knees are driven directly by the motor, while the ankles are passive joints with adjustable stiffness. After a comprehensive investigation, a variable stiffness mechanism was introduced based on lever principles, and driven by a motor that can realize real-time adjustment. Simulations verified the necessity of variable stiffness joints in the robot. The variable stiffness joint can absorb the ground impact on each joint, reduce the energy loss of the motor, and improve the efficiency of movement.

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Li, Min, Ru Rui Zhou, and Yu Jun Ma. "Multi-Hierarchy Variable Fuzzy Evaluation Method of Planning Design Scheme of Urban Traffic Facilities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 1934–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.1934.

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Based on variable fuzzy evaluation method and model, which is suitable for evaluation with the characteristics of multi-hierarchy, multi-indexes, dynamic variable and fuzzy though, this paper assesses the planning design schemes of urban traffic facilities to rich the evaluation research of this field, and that will provide references for more widespread application of variable fuzzy evaluation method and model in future. Key words: variable fuzzy, evaluation, urban traffic, planning design scheme

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Morimoto, Yoshinori, and Tong Yang. "Local existence of polynomial decay solutions to the Boltzmann equation for soft potentials." Analysis and Applications 13, no. 06 (August 5, 2015): 663–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219530514500079.

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The existence of classical solutions to the Cauchy problem for the Boltzmann equation without angular cutoff has been extensively studied in the framework when the solution has Maxwellian decay in the velocity variable, cf. [6, 8] and the references therein. In this paper, we prove local existence of solutions with polynomial decay in the velocity variable for the Boltzmann equation with soft potential. In the proof, the singular change of variables between post- and pre-collision velocities plays an important role, as well as the regular one introduced in the celebrated cancelation lemma by Alexandre–Desvillettes–Villani–Wennberg [Entropy dissipation and long-range interactions, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 152 (2000) 327–355].

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Zhang, Qiang, Xiaopeng Wei, and Jin Xu. "On Global Exponential Stability of Discrete-Time Hopfield Neural Networks with Variable Delays." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2007 (2007): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/67675.

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Global exponential stability of a class of discrete-time Hopfield neural networks with variable delays is considered. By making use of a difference inequality, a new global exponential stability result is provided. The result only requires the delay to be bounded. For this reason, the result is milder than those presented in the earlier references. Furthermore, two examples are given to show the efficiency of our result.

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Yue, Chun Guo, Xin Long Chang, Shu Jun Yang, and You Hong Zhang. "Numerical Simulation of Interior Flow Field of a Variable Thrust Rocket Engine." Advanced Materials Research 186 (January 2011): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.186.215.

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With the support of powerful calculation ability of computer and Fluent of CFD software, integrative simulation research of the variable thrust liquid propellant rocket engine was developed. Numerical simulation of interior flow field of a variable thrust rocket engine with flux-oriented injector was done. The distributions of pressure, temperature, molar fraction of product and flow mach numbers were attained. By the contrast of the calculation results, the effects of structure parameters and working condition etc. on total whole performance of variable thrust rocket engine were analyzed. The results also provided theoretic references for design and optimization of variable thrust rocket engine.

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Mănescu, Bogdan, Ionuţ Dragomir, and Nicolae–Doru Stănescu. "Influences of the Control on the Nonlinear Vibrations of a Variable Compression Ratio Mechanism." MATEC Web of Conferences 148 (2018): 13002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814813002.

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For the mechanism described in references the study of the nonlinear vibrations is performed considering a multibody approach for the elements of the mechanism and different laws of motion for the control element. A great attention is paid to the equilibrium of the motion. The influence of different parameters of control is highlighted in the paper. The results are numerically validated.

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Pommer, Wagner Marcelo. "OS USOS FLEXÍVEIS DO CONCEITO DE VARIÁVEL NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA: UM ESTUDO COM AS EQUAÇÕES DIOFANTINAS LINEARES." Ciência e Natura 37 (August 7, 2015): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x14370.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460X14370In many curricular documents for Basic Education the variable concept is briefly quoted, seen as a paramathematics notion, intrinsic to the development of functions, without further references. This article aims to present and discuss the context of Linear Diophantine Equation as a possible theme to explore the flexible uses of the variable concept in algebraic education. The theoretical considerations is based upon Küchemann (1981), Usiskin (1995) and Ursini;Trigueros (2001), researchers who believe that variables can assume different roles: unknown, generalized number and in a functional relationship. In that scenary, the understanding of the variable concept pervades some potential ways. We were inspired at Content Analysis, described in Bardin (2004), as metodological referencial to search contexts that favour such framework. In preanalisys realized we consider the epistemology present on Diophantine Linear Equations theme as a possible way to explore the flexible uses of the variable concept. The analysis revealed that the Linear Diophantine Equations allow the acquisition of the following potentialities, expressed in Ursini and Trigueiros (2001): executing calculations and simple operations with the literal symbols; create a context of integration to the variables flexible uses; allow situating some advantages on the different uses of the variable concept.

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Feni Firdanigrum, Kintoko Rochadi, and Ameta Primasari. "Senior High School Students References in Choosing Orthodontic Treatment Provider: A Study in Marelan Subdistrict 2018." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 2, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 264–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biohs.v2i1.186.

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Initially the use of orthodontic appliance (braces) was intended to tidy up the teeth that had an irregular shape. The phenomenon of braces is increasingly prevalent among teenagers because in addition to health reasons then developed into a reason to support the appearance and eventually become a self-identity for adolescents. Finally, there are more victims of dental artisans who report disruption of oral health due to the installation of braces on dental artisans. Because the installation is not in accordance with the medical standard. The purpose of this study was to determine how senior high school student choose orthodontic treatment provider. To achieve these objectives, research was conducted using independent variables, namely knowledge, cost, distance, family support. The subjects of this study were 105 senior high school students. The subjects were taken using non-probability sampling and purposive sampling techniques. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression test by taking into account the simultaneous test, classic assumption and partial test, correlation test determinant. The results of this study indicate that the variable cost (p=0, 0001), distance (p=0,014) and consumer knowledge (p=0,014) significantly influence the dependent variable (consumer decision) while the family support variable (p = 1,000) has no effect. Different from family (p = 1,000 > 0.05) support that has no relationship with consumer decision-making to choose orthodontic treatment provider, service costs (p = 0, 0001 < 0, 05), the distance traveled by respondents (p = 0.014 <0.05) and knowledge of respondents (p = 0.014 <0.05) have relationship with consumer decision making to choose orthodontic treatment provider both in Public and Private High Schools, and Public and Private Vocational Schools in Marelan Subdistrict, respectively.

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Kolka, Indrek. "Long-Term Behaviour of the Variable Wind of P Cygni." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 169 (1999): 268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100072110.

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P Cygni has been for a long time an often-used target of observations, and a test object to prove several modelling approaches (cf. e.g. Najarro et al. 1997, and references therein). However, the origin of it’s stable variability pattern with moderate amplitudes is poorly known yet. In this contribution I will concentrate on the spectroscopic variability. A more elaborated version of this paper considering many kinds of variability data on P Cygni will be published elsewhere (Kolka 1998).The striking phenomenon in the spectra of P Cygni is the cyclic drift of subsequent individual components through the absorption part of the P Cyg-type profile. This is demonstrated in Fig.1a in the case of three Balmer lines in 1982 (the data adopted from Markova, Kolka 1989). Every new drift-cycle starts when the component with smaller Doppler-shift becomes deeper than it’s neighbour.

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Xu, Xiaoqiu, Zhongwen Wang, Junwei Han, and Dacheng Cong. "Shock Wave Characteristics of Hydraulic Shock Wave Simulator with Variable Damping." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (December 30, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8359145.

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For simulating the shock wave with high peak force in a short duration, a novel variable damping hydraulic shock wave simulator was developed, and it was used for simulating the cannon recoil motion. The working principle of this simulator was explained with the assistance of established mathematical model and the flow behavior in damping channel was analyzed. The shock wave characteristics curves were obtained by using the numerical computation method. The results showed that the shock wave characteristics were directly related to the sectional area of the damping channel and the damping fluid medium characteristic; the shock wave curve can be simulated by adjusting the variable damping parameters. The computational results agreed well with the theory analysis, which meant that the proposed mathematical model can be used for supplying theoretical references for the cannon recoil motion in artillery fire shock simulation test.

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Guo, Minyi, Weng Long Chang, Jian Lu, and Minglu Li. "One-dimensional I test and direction vector I test with array references by induction variable." International Journal of High Performance Computing and Networking 3, no. 4 (2005): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijhpcn.2005.008564.

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Contreras, Diana, Alondra Chamorro, and Sean Wilkinson. "Review article: The spatial dimension in the assessment of urban socio-economic vulnerability related to geohazards." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 20, no. 6 (June 5, 2020): 1663–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-1663-2020.

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Abstract. Society and economy are only two of the dimensions of vulnerability. This paper aims to elucidate the state of the art of data sources, spatial variables, indicators, methods, indexes and tools for the spatial assessment of socio-economic vulnerability (SEV) related to geohazards. This review was first conducted in December 2018 and re-run in March 2020 for the period between 2010 and 2020. The gross number of articles reviewed was 27, from which we identified 18 relevant references using a revised search query and six relevant references identified using the initial query, giving a total sample of 24 references. The most common source of data remains population censuses. The most recurrent spatial variable used for the assessment of SEV is households without basic services, while critical facilities are the most frequent spatial category. Traditional methods have been combined with more innovative and complex methods to select and weight spatial indicators and develop indices. The Social Vulnerability Index (SoVI®) remains the benchmark for the assessment of SEV and a reference for its spatial assessment. Geographic information systems (GIS) is the most common tool for conducting a spatial assessment of SEV regarding geohazards. For future spatial assessments of SEV regarding geohazards, we recommend considering 3-D spatial indexes at the microscale at the urban level and involving the community in the assessments.

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Dalvean, Michael. "Changes in the style and content of Australian election campaign speeches from 1901 to 2016: A computational linguistic analysis." ICAME Journal 41, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/icame-2017-0001.

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Abstract There have been significant social and political changes in Australian society since federation in 1901. The issues that are considered politically salient have also changed significantly. The purpose of this article is to examine changes in the style and content of election campaign speeches over the period 1901-2016. The corpus consists of 88 election campaign speeches delivered by the Prime Minister and Opposition leader for the 45 elections from 1901 to 2016. I use natural language processing to extract from the speeches a number of linguistic variables which serve as independent variables and use the year of delivery as the dependent variable. I then use machine learning to develop a regression model which explains 77 per cent of the variance in the dependent variable. Examination of the salient independent variables shows that there have been significant linguistic changes in the style and content of election speeches over the study period. In particular speeches have become less linguistically complex, less introspective, more focused on work and the home, and contain more visual and social references. I discuss these changes in the context of changes in Australian society over the study period.

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Madsen, André, Ninnie B. Oehme, Mathieu Roelants, Ingvild S. Bruserud, Geir Egil Eide, Kristin Viste, Robert Bjerknes, et al. "Testicular Ultrasound to Stratify Hormone References in a Cross-Sectional Norwegian Study of Male Puberty." Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 105, no. 6 (October 26, 2019): 1888–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgz094.

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Abstract Context Testicular growth represents the best clinical variable to evaluate male puberty, but current pediatric hormone references are based on chronological age and subjective assessments of discrete puberty development stages. Determination of testicular volume (TV) by ultrasound provides a novel approach to assess puberty progression and stratify hormone reference intervals. Objective The objective of this article is to establish references for serum testosterone and key hormones of the male pituitary-gonadal signaling pathway in relation to TV determined by ultrasound. Design, Setting, and Participants Blood samples from 414 healthy Norwegian boys between ages 6 and 16 years were included from the cross-sectional “Bergen Growth Study 2.” Participants underwent testicular ultrasound and clinical assessments, and serum samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem–mass spectrometry and immunoassays. Main Outcome Measures We present references for circulating levels of total testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and sex hormone–binding globulin in relation to TV, chronological age, and Tanner pubic hair stages. Results In pubertal boys, TV accounted for more variance in serum testosterone levels than chronological age (Spearman r = 0.753, P < .001 vs r = 0.692, P < .001, respectively). Continuous centile references demonstrate the association between TV and hormone levels during puberty. Hormone reference intervals were stratified by TV during the pubertal transition. Conclusions Objective ultrasound assessments of TV and stratification of hormone references increase the diagnostic value of traditional references based on chronological age or subjective staging of male puberty.

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HERLINA, SILFIA HERLINA, MADE SUMA WEDASTRA, and I. DEWA GEDE SUARTHA. "BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PULSA TELKOMSEL PADA MAHASISWA UNMAS DENPASAR PSDKU MATARAM." GANEC SWARA 13, no. 2 (September 2, 2019): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.35327/gara.v13i2.93.

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The results showed that 1). Partially consumer needs (X1) and friend references (X3) affect the decision to buy Telkomsel pulses. This is indicated from T test (x1) = 2,341> t table α 0.05/2 (1,987), and T test (x3) = 2,508> t table α 0.05 / 2 (1,987), while the family influence variable ( X2), consumer social interaction (X4) and type of brand (X5) influence the credit purchase decision, but not significantly, 2). Simultaneously the needs of consumers (X1), the influence of family (X2), reference friends (X3), consumer social interaction (X4) and type of brand (X5) influence on credit purchase decisions. This is shown from the F test (50,130)> F table (1.85), with the coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.935, which means that the magnitude of the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable is 93.50% and 6.50% is influenced by factors outside the model, 3). Friend's Reference Factor is the dominant factor in the decision to buy Telkomsel pulses among UNMAS Denpasar PSDKU Mataram students

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Giménez, Alvaro, Slavek Rucinski, P. Szkody, D. Gies, Y. W. Kang, J. Linsky, M. Livio, et al. "Commission 42: Close Binaries." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 1, T26A (December 2005): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921306004650.

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The triennial report from Commission 42 covers various topics like massive binaries, contact systems, cataclysmic variables and low-mass binary stars. We try in a number of sections to provide an update on the current status of the main research areas in the field of close binaries. It is not a formal review, even complete or comprehensive, but an attempt to bring the main topics on recent research to astronomers working in other fields. References are also not comprehensive and simply added to the text to help the reader looking for deeper information on the subject. For this reason, we have chosen to include references (sometimes incomplete for ongoing work) not in a list at the end but integrated with the main text body. Complete references and additional sources can be easily obtained through web access of ADS or SIMBAD. Furthermore, the summary of papers on close-binary research contained in the Bibliography of Close Binaries (BCB) can be accessed from the web site of Commission 42. I would like to express the gratitude of the commission for the careful work of Colin Scarfe as Editor-in-Chief of BCB and Andras Holl and Attila Sragli for maintaining the web pages of the Commission within the structure of Division V. Finally, K. Olah and J. Jurcsik are gratefully acknowledged for their continued support as editors of the Information Bulletin on Variable Stars (IBVS), also accessible through the commission web page.

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Park, Hye-Lim, Sung-Meen Myung, Younglok Kim, and Seung-Hoon Lee. "An 8b 250MS/s 0.13µm CMOS ADC using variable references for VGA-to-WUXGA scaler chips." Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 73, no. 1 (June 23, 2012): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10470-012-9900-1.

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Eshkobilov, Olimjon, Gianni Manno, Giovanni Moreno, and Katja Sagerschnig. "Contact manifolds, Lagrangian Grassmannians and PDEs." Complex Manifolds 5, no. 1 (February 2, 2018): 26–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/coma-2018-0003.

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Abstract In this paper we review a geometric approach to PDEs. We mainly focus on scalar PDEs in n independent variables and one dependent variable of order one and two, by insisting on the underlying (2n + 1)-dimensional contact manifold and the so-called Lagrangian Grassmannian bundle over the latter. This work is based on a Ph.D course given by two of the authors (G. M. and G. M.). As such, it was mainly designed as a quick introduction to the subject for graduate students. But also the more demanding reader will be gratified, thanks to the frequent references to current research topics and glimpses of higher-level mathematics, found mostly in the last sections.

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CYWIŃSKI, Z. "HISTORY OF A "PARADOX" FOR THIN-WALLED MEMBERS WITH VARIABLE, OPEN CROSS-SECTIONS." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 01, no. 01 (March 2001): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455401000068.

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This paper describes the development of research conducted in the theory of thin-walled members with variable, open cross-sections. Special attention is paid to the torsional stability of centrally compressed I-columns with some references to the closely related problem of torsional vibration. The particular contributions of the author in those fields are highlighted. He discovered that in the case of variable, bisymmetric I-sections, the critical torsional buckling loads (and, recognized even earlier in the context of the frequencies of torsional vibration) fell outside the range determined by values relevant for similar enveloping constant, minimum and maximum, cross-sections — thus becoming "paradoxical". Later investigations of different scholars concentrated more on the torsional buckling aspect alone. They confirmed that "paradox" but, until now, no convincing reasoning was produced. The author recalls the problems and issues in order to activate further discussion.

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Nirwanto, Irfan Budi, and Salamatun Asakdiyah. "ANALISIS PENGARUH KELOMPOK ACUAN, PERSEPSI, DAN SIKAP TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN JASA KARTU SELULER IM3." Jurnal Fokus Manajemen Bisnis 2, no. 2 (September 30, 2012): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/fokus.v2i2.1323.

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In this study the authors chose the title “An Analysis Of Category of Refference, Perseption, and Attitude Effect For Purchasing IM3 Celluler Service Decision” This research aims to find out how the influence of the reference group, the perception of and attitudes towards mobile card services purchasing decisions, either partially IM3 and simultaneous. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influence of the free variables of reference groups namely (X 1), perception (X 2), and (X 3) simultaneously bound variables that affect purchasing decisions (Y) is equal to 22.5% through the regression lines as follows: Y= 0,699-0, 019X1-0, 019X2 0, 778X3. The test results indicate that the variable t reference groups (X 1) and perception (X 2) partially do not affect significantly the purchasing decisions (Y) services of cellular card IM3. As for variable posture (X 3) partially affect significantly to purchasing decisions (Y) services of cellular card IM3. F test result obtained F-countdown of probability rate i.e. 9,293 0.000. Because the value of the probability of & lt; alpha 0.05, then it can be inferred that the references groups of variables (X 1), perception (X 2), and (X 3) a simultaneous effect on purchasing decisions (Y) services of cellular card IM3.

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Barron, Earle P. "Food for Spirituality." Journal of Pastoral Care 43, no. 2 (June 1989): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234098904300206.

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Points out the numinous quality of food and explores the relationship of food to spirituality through considerations of the organism, the person's set, and the setting in which food is consumed. Notes references to food in the scriptures and the place of food in the sacraments. Urges pastoral care persons and spiritual directors to include food as an important variable in their understandings and actions as caregivers.

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Kaszynski, Piotr. "Four Decades of Organic Chemistry of closo-Boranes: A Synthetic Toolbox for Constructing Liquid Crystal Materials. A Review." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 64, no. 6 (1999): 895–926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19990895.

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Introduction and transformations of organic functional groups to ten- and twelve-vertex closo-boranes and heteroboranes is reviewed in the context of preparation of liquid crystalline compounds. The review, containing 198 references, is designed as a synthetic manual for materials chemists and focuses on methods for engineering molecules with elongated shapes and variable dipole moments. Several underdeveloped aspects of closo-borane chemistry are identified.

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Hami, Bruno, and V. Ratna Inggawati. "Hubungan Pengetahuan, Situasi, Sikap Dan Motivasi Dengan Keputusan Pembelian Laptop." BIP's : JURNAL BISNIS PERSPEKTIF 10, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37477/bip.v10i1.47.

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The study aims to obtain empirical information that knowledge, situation, attitude and motivation have positive relationship simultaneously and partially with laptop purchasing decision from students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya. Problems and hypothesis are formulated based on references and empirical studies. To test the hypothesis used regression conversion F test (linearitan) to determine whether the relationship between the dependent variable with the independent variable is linear or not. The correlation coefficient test is used to determine the size of the correlation coefficient whether significant or not. Population in this research is students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya with amount of sample counted 100 people. The end result of the study shows that the partial correlation test shows: (i) knowledge has a correlation coefficient of 0,034 with significance of 0,738 > 0,05, meaning the correlation coefficient is not significant; (ii) the situation has a correlation coefficient of 0,365 with significant 0,00 < 0,05, meaning significant correlation coefficient; (iii) attitude of having correlation coefficient 0,416 with significance 0,00 < 0,05, meaning significant correlation coefficient; and (iv) motivation has a correlation coefficient of 0,232 with a significance of 0,022 < 0,05, meaning the correlation coefficient is significant. Simultaneously, the dependent variable relation (X) with independent variable (Y) is positive with adjusted R Square (R2) of 0,428 which means that 42,8% purchase decision of laptop students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya can be explained by the four dependent variables, while the remaining 57,2% of the decision to purchase laptop students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya can be explained by other variables outside of the four dependent variables currently being studied.

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Hami, Bruno, and V. Ratna Inggawati. "Hubungan Pengetahuan, Situasi, Sikap Dan Motivasi Dengan Keputusan Pembelian Laptop." BIP's JURNAL BISNIS PERSPEKTIF 10, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37477/bip.v10i1.54.

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The study aims to obtain empirical information that knowledge, situation, attitude and motivation have positive relationship simultaneously and partially with laptop purchasing decision from students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya. Problems and hypothesis are formulated based on references and empirical studies. To test the hypothesis used regression conversion F test (linearitan) to determine whether the relationship between the dependent variable with the independent variable is linear or not. The correlation coefficient test is used to determine the size of the correlation coefficient whether significant or not. Population in this research is students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya with amount of sample counted 100 people. The end result of the study shows that the partial correlation test shows: (i) knowledge has a correlation coefficient of 0,034 with significance of 0,738 > 0,05, meaning the correlation coefficient is not significant; (ii) the situation has a correlation coefficient of 0,365 with significant 0,00 < 0,05, meaning significant correlation coefficient; (iii) attitude of having correlation coefficient 0,416 with significance 0,00 < 0,05, meaning significant correlation coefficient; and (iv) motivation has a correlation coefficient of 0,232 with a significance of 0,022 < 0,05, meaning the correlation coefficient is significant. Simultaneously, the dependent variable relation (X) with independent variable (Y) is positive with adjusted R Square (R2) of 0,428 which means that 42,8% purchase decision of laptop students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya can be explained by the four dependent variables, while the remaining 57,2% of the decision to purchase laptop students of Economic Faculty of Catholic University Darma Cendika Surabaya can be explained by other variables outside of the four dependent variables currently being studied.

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Watts, J. W. W., G. C. C. Fleming, and Q. Lu. "Determination of Active Constraints in a Network." SPE Journal 17, no. 02 (March 29, 2012): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/118877-pa.

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Summary There is increasing interest in modeling networks of wells, including subsurface components of complex wells and surface facilities. Such modeling requires setting constraints at various points in the network. Typical constraints are maximum phase flow rates and minimum flowing pressures. A major difficulty in network calculations is determining which of these constraints is active. This paper presents a method that uses slack variables in determining active constraints. The linearized equations of interest generally come in pairs, with each pair consisting of a base equation and a constraint equation. The base equation is the equation that normally applies. The constraint equation replaces it if the constraint is active. Normally, only one of these two equations can be satisfied. The slack variable provides a way to ensure that both are satisfied, regardless of which is active. If the constraint is inactive, the slack variable is added to the constraint equation and accounts for the slack, which by definition is the amount by which the inactive equation is not satisfied. On the other hand, if the constraint is active, the slack variable is instead added to the base equation, and the constraint equation as originally written is satisfied. To obtain this behavior, we define a parameter w and add w times the slack variable to the base equation and (1 − w) times the slack variable to the constraint equation. Thus, if w = 1, the slack variable is added to the base equation, and the constraint is active. On the other hand, if w = 0, the slack variable is added to the constraint equation, and the base equation is active. The slack is always in the inactive equation. There is a w associated with each slack variable. Determining the parameter w is an iterative process. The efficiency of the process is improved by manipulating the network matrix such that we can create a Schur complement that has the slack variables as its unknowns and contains the only references to the w's To determine the slack variables, we need only to work with this matrix, which typically is much smaller than the network matrix. The resulting method is implemented within a general purpose reservoir simulator. Testing of the method in more than 700 cases has shown it to be much more robust than an earlier heuristic procedure.

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Li, Cheng, Ying Tie, and Yan Ping Zheng. "Effects of Opening Hole Geometric Parameters on Hole-Edge Stress Field of Plates According to a Complex Variable Function Model." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 2614–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.2614.

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Mapping functions of various ellipses are gained by complex function theory. Applying stress function with complex variables, a mechanical model of the stress field and the stress components near the hole is presented. The influences of three different geometric parameters of elliptic hole on stress around hole are discussed subject to bending moment. The results show that the length of long axis and short axis is more uniform, the peak stress around hole edge is greater. The work above will provide theory references on choosing hole shape in practical engineering.

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Kahn, Henry S., Laure El ghormli, Russell Jago, Gary D. Foster, Robert G. McMurray, John B. Buse, Diane D. Stadler, Roberto P. Treviño, Tom Baranowski, and HEALTHY Study Group. "Cardiometabolic Risk Assessments by Body Mass Indexz-Score or Waist-to-Height Ratio in a Multiethnic Sample of Sixth-Graders." Journal of Obesity 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/421658.

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Convention defines pediatric adiposity by the body mass indexz-score (BMIz) referenced to normative growth charts. Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) does not depend on sex-and-age references. In the HEALTHY Study enrollment sample, we compared BMIz with WHtR for ability to identify adverse cardiometabolic risk. Among 5,482 sixth-grade students from 42 middle schools, we estimated explanatory variations (R2) and standardized beta coefficients of BMIz or WHtR for cardiometabolic risk factors: insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids, blood pressures, and glucose. For each risk outcome variable, we prepared adjusted regression models for four subpopulations stratified by sex and high versus lower fatness. For HOMA-IR,R2attributed to BMIz or WHtR was 19%–28% among high-fatness and 8%–13% among lower-fatness students.R2for lipid variables was 4%–9% among high-fatness and 2%–7% among lower-fatness students. In the lower-fatness subpopulations, the standardized coefficients for total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and triglycerides tended to be weaker for BMIz (0.13–0.20) than for WHtR (0.17–0.28). Among high-fatness students, BMIz and WHtR correlated with blood pressures for Hispanics and whites, but not black boys (systolic) or girls (systolic and diastolic). In 11-12 year olds, assessments by WHtR can provide cardiometabolic risk estimates similar to conventional BMIz without requiring reference to a normative growth chart.

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Jufriadi, Jufriadi. "THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERATURE, MOTIVATION, AND RISK ON INVESTMENT IN INDONESIA THROUGH THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 AS INTERVENING VARIABLES." JICSA (Journal of Islamic Civilization in Southeast Asia) 10, no. 1 (June 29, 2021): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/jicsa.v10i1.22043.

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This study aims to determine the effect of financial literacy, motivation, and risk on investment in Indonesia through the impact of covid-19 as an intervening variable. This research is a descriptive study that tries to explain the effect of each variable based on references and previous research results. In general, based on the theory and the results of previous research, it shows that financial literacy and motivation greatly affect the desire to invest in Indonesia as well as the risk that does not affect investment because it is a factor that must be anticipated by economic actors. However, the impact of COVID-19 has caused investment in Indonesia to be greatly affected.

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Nurudin, Nurudin, Khoirul Anwar, and Hidayaturrosyida Hidayaturrosyida. "Analysis Of The Effect Of Islamic Product Attributes, Servicescape, And Interpersonal Communications On Customer Satisfaction Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ngaliyan." AL-ARBAH: Journal of Islamic Finance and Banking 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/al-arbah.2020.2.2.7328.

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Purpose - This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic product attributes, service scape, interpersonal communication on customer satisfaction at Bank BTN Syariah KCPS Ngaliyan.Method - The method used in this research is quantitative method, where this method is carried out by distributing questionnaires to BTN Syariah KCPS Ngaliyan customers. Samples were taken as many as 100 respondents with incidental sampling technique.Result - The results show that the variable attributes of Islamic products, servicescape, and interpersonal communication have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction of BTN Syariah KCPS Ngaliyan.Implication - This research can be used for references related to matters that affect customer satisfaction.Originality- This study analyzes the variable attributes of Islamic products, servicescape, and interpersonal communication on customer satisfaction.

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Nielsen, D. R., J. W. Hopmans, M. Kutílek, and O. Wendroth. "A brief review of soil water, solute transport and regionalized variable analysis." Scientia Agricola 54, spe (June 1997): 89–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90161997000300012.

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We initially review basic concepts of the forces acting on soil water, soil water potential and soil water retention, and equations to describe soil water movement under water-saturated and unsaturated conditions. Processes of infiltration, evaporation and redistribution of water will be presented for simple initial and boundary conditions occurring within homogeneous soil columns. Next we consider the physical, chemical and biological processes within a soil profile that distribute, dilute or concentrate solute species within the liquid phase of a soil The relative concentration of solutes in the liquid phase governs not only the retention and transport of water within soils but also contributes to our understanding of managing the quality of water within soils and that moving below the recall of plant roots deeper into the vadose zone. A complete set of references about this subject is available in Kutílek & Nielsen (1994). In the last section we recall the differences between classical statistical concepts and those that utilize the coordinates of space and time at which state variables across the landscape are observed. Our presentation win cover the basic ideas about autocorrelation, crosscorrelation, applied time series analyses, state space analyses and similar techniques currently being used to enhance field research and investigations of land and water management.

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Starks, Donna. "Distinct, but not too distinct." English World-Wide 21, no. 2 (December 31, 2000): 291–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.21.2.06sta.

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This paper shows how a rapid taped survey is used to collect language samples from four New Zealand speech communities. It details the methodology in the study, and presents an analysis of one variable, (s) fronting. This variable is of special interest because, although phoneticians have noted that English speakers sometimes produce this sound in different ways (MacKay 1987: 98; Ladefoged and Maddieson 1996), the sociolinguistic literature does not mention (s) as a variable, apart from references to the homosexual community (Taylor 1998). The findings show that males and females in the majority New Zealand European community use different proportions of the fronted variant of (s), and that minority ethnic groups align themselves around these gender differences in various ways. The paper differs from most research on language and ethnicity in its focus on the similarities between the majority and minority groups, rather than on the differences.

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Astuti, Ditta Dwi, Lidya Primta Surbakti, and Aniek Wijayanti. "Pengaruh Independensi dan Keahlian Komite Audit Terhadap Manajemen Laba Riil dengan Kualitas Audit Sebagai Variabel Moderasi." Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan, dan Manajemen 2, no. 4 (September 25, 2021): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jakman.v2i4.564.

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Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the influence of the audit committee's independence and expertise on real earnings management by using audit quality as the moderating variable and firm size, leverage, and profitability as control variables. Research Methodology: Real earnings management was processed by Roychowdhury’s model and it used the abnormal value of operating cash flow, discretionary expenses, and production costs. This study used secondary data from annual reports of non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2019 and the total was 516 companies. This study used panel data regression and was processed by Stata. Results: This study proves that audit committee independence and leverage have a significant negative effect on real earnings management through discretionary expenses and audit quality cannot moderate the relationship between audit committee independence and audit committee expertise on real earnings management. Limitation: The study used audit quality as moderating variable. However, the results cannot prove that audit quality is able to affect real earnings management. Contribution: The results obtained can be used for investors' and creditors' consideration when making investment or loans decisions and can be references for further research.

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Utami, Rahayu, and Muzakir Muzakir. "ANALISIS TERHADAP FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI WAJIB PAJAK ORANG PRIBADI YANG MELAKUKAN PEKERJAAN BEBAS UNTUK MEMBAYAR PAJAK." Jurnal Akuntansi Trisakti 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/jat.v3i2.4917.

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This study aims to analyze how the influence of the tax payer consciousness, knowledge and understanding of tax laws, good perception on the effectiveness of the tax system, and the level of confidence in the government and legal system of the willingness to pay taxes on KPP Kalideres in West Jakarta . Is there a significant and positive effect, or no effect of this study make a previous study as one of the sources of literature and references, but this study has some differences with previous studies. The difference include : population, place, variables, data processing methods, as well as the number of samples used This study uses four independent variables including: (1) Paying taxes consciusness. (2) Knowledge and understanding system of taxtion, indicator: the desire of taxpayers to understand the system perpajkan. (3) a good perception on the effectiveness of the system of taxation. (4) The level of trust in the system of government and law. And the dependent variable is the willingness to pay taxes.

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Hao, Qun, Ying Na Sun, and Ning Jiang. "Uncertainty Analysis of Flood Forecasting in River Channel." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2489.

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In this paper, the stochastic differential equations theory was used to analyze the uncertainty of flood forecasting in river channel based on the forward algorithm of linear characteristic. And then a river channel flood forecasting model, in which the coefficient of storage and discharge was regarded as a random variable, was built. The statistical characteristics of outflow process could be taken part in theory by the built river channel flood forecasting model when the coefficient of storage obeyed a kind of normal distribution. Storage coefficient is random variable in the model. The results showed that the uncertainty degree of outflow process could be made through considering the uncertainty of river channel flood forecasting, which would provide some references for making decision in flood control.

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Wong, Ruth, Katy Cooper, Marrissa Martyn-St James, Abdullah Pandor, and Eva Kaltenthaler. "OP106 The Impact Of Searching Fewer Databases In Health Technology Assessment Rapid Reviews." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, S1 (2017): 49–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317001751.

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INTRODUCTION:Multiple databases are often searched in Health Technology Assessment systematic reviews. However in rapid reviews, time and resources are limited and modifications to the search methodology may be necessary. In this retrospective study, the impact of searching fewer databases for three completed rapid reviews (i) Severe Mental Illness (SMI), (ii) Cannabis Cessation (CC), iii) Premature Ejaculation (PE) for the United Kingdom National Institute for Health Research was investigated.METHODS:The database coverage and indexing of the study references from the reviews were initially identified. The impact of fewer databases searched was then tested by (i) the number of studies that might be missed, (ii) the number of records for sifting and (iii) the overall rapid review conclusions.RESULTS:A total of 178 included study references were found in the reviews (SMI n = 14 for 13 studies, CC n = 34 for 33 studies, PE n = 130 for 102 studies). Searching Medline only for SMI, Medline+Embase for CC, Medline+Embase+Cochrane Library for PE, would result in 1902 (74 percent), 466 (43 percent) and 240 (11 percent) fewer records needed to sift, respectively. There would also be a total of ten ‘would be missed’ references (SMI n = 1, CC n = 5 and PE n = 4). However, nine out of the ten references were found to have no or minimal impact on the overall findings of the reviews. The ten references were secondary reports of an included study, papers that lacked sufficient data for meta-analysis such as a conference abstract or an ongoing trial.CONCLUSIONS:From the three reviews examined, limiting the search to fewer databases had no or minimal impact on the review conclusions despite the variable number of studies that would be missed and records needed to sift. More exploration during the scoping search prior to commencing the review will aid the decision on whether to limit the search to fewer databases.

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Hwang, Jinwoo, and P. M. Voyles. "Variable Resolution Fluctuation Electron Microscopy on Cu-Zr Metallic Glass Using a Wide Range of Coherent STEM Probe Size." Microscopy and Microanalysis 17, no. 1 (December 2, 2010): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927610094109.

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AbstractWe report variable resolution fluctuation electron microscopy (VRFEM) measurements on Cu64.5Zr35.5metallic glass acquired using scanning transmission electron microscopy nanodiffraction using coherent probes 0.8 to 11 nm in diameter. The VRFEM results show that medium range atomic order structure of Cu64.5Zr35.5bulk metallic glass at the ∼1 nm scale has large fluctuations, but the structure becomes almost completely homogeneous at the 11 nm scale. We show that our experimental VRFEM data are consistent with two different models, the pair persistent model and the amorphous/nanocrystal composite model. We also report a new way to filter VRFEM data to eliminate the effect of specimen thickness gradient using high-angle annular dark field images as references.

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Zhao, Jie, and Can Yan. "User Acceptance of Information Feed Advertising: A Hybrid Method Based on SEM and QCA." Future Internet 12, no. 12 (November 26, 2020): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi12120209.

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It is of great significance for enterprises’ development to effectively use mobile Internet to carry out information feed advertising. This paper aims to study the influence factors and effect of the users’ acceptance intention of information feed advertising through empirical analysis to provide references for further optimizing information feed advertising strategy. Traditional quantitative analysis methods, such as the Structural Equation Model (SEM), can only measure a single factor’s influence from an individual perspective. Therefore, we introduce the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and present a two-stage hybrid method based on SEM and QCA. In the first stage, we analyze the influence of a single variable on the acceptance intention of information feed advertising by SEM. Then, in the second stage, we analyze the impact of different variable combinations by QCA. Based on the actual questionnaire data, we define six independent variables and use AMOS, SPSS, and fsQCA to carry out SEM analysis and the fuzzy-set-based QCA analysis, respectively. The SEM analysis results show that the four factors (including consistency, informativeness, sociability, and advertising reward) have a significant positive impact on user acceptance of information feed advertising. On the contrary, perceived advertising clustering has a significant negative impact. In addition, accuracy has no considerable effect. The QCA analysis reveals that seven constructs of six variables can all significantly enhance information feed ads’ acceptance intention.

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Tsugawa, Sadayuki. "An Overview on Control Algorithms for Automated Highway Systems." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 13, no. 4 (August 20, 2001): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2001.p0381.

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This paper surveys lateral and longitudinal vehicle control algorithms in automated highway systems. In the lateral control, an onboard sensing system detects or captures a reference on a roadway indicating the path of an automated vehicle, and PID control and state variable feedback control based on the modern control theory with deviation from a planned path are mainly used to drive the vehicle along the path. In the longitudinal control, an inter-vehicle gap and relative speed to a preceding vehicle are measured, and feedback control with state variables including deviations in the gap, relative speed, and relative acceleration, some of which are obtained by the transmission over inter-vehicle communication rather the measurement, is used to maintain a predetermined gap in a platoon. Lateral and longitudinal vehicle control algorithms are explained with references to some systems developed since 1960's.

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Burenkov, A. N., A. I. Shapovalova, V. V. Vlasyuk, and N. G. Bochkarev. "Variability of the Broad Emission Hβ Profile in 3C390.3." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 194 (1999): 414–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900162412.

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The object 3C390.3 is a well known broad-line radio galaxy (z=0.056), whose very broad emission lines are variable in time (see Veilleux and Zheng 1991, and Dietrich at al. 1998 for references). It is known as the prototypical source of broad double-peaked Hβ and Hα emission lines. In this paper we present the preliminary results of spectral observations of 3C390.3 in 1995–1998 on 6-m and 1-m telescopes of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of RAS.

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Jiang, Fugen, Mykola Kutia, Arbi J. Sarkissian, Hui Lin, Jiangping Long, Hua Sun, and Guangxing Wang. "Estimating the Growing Stem Volume of Coniferous Plantations Based on Random Forest Using an Optimized Variable Selection Method." Sensors 20, no. 24 (December 17, 2020): 7248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247248.

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Forest growing stem volume (GSV) reflects the richness of forest resources as well as the quality of forest ecosystems. Remote sensing technology enables robust and efficient GSV estimation as it greatly reduces the survey time and cost while facilitating periodic monitoring. Given its red edge bands and a short revisit time period, Sentinel-2 images were selected for the GSV estimation in Wangyedian forest farm, Inner Mongolia, China. The variable combination was shown to significantly affect the accuracy of the estimation model. After extracting spectral variables, texture features, and topographic factors, a stepwise random forest (SRF) method was proposed to select variable combinations and establish random forest regressions (RFR) for GSV estimation. The linear stepwise regression (LSR), Boruta, Variable Selection Using Random Forests (VSURF), and random forest (RF) methods were then used as references for comparison with the proposed SRF for selection of predictors and GSV estimation. Combined with the observed GSV data and the Sentinel-2 images, the distributions of GSV were generated by the RFR models with the variable combinations determined by the LSR, RF, Boruta, VSURF, and SRF. The results show that the texture features of Sentinel-2’s red edge bands can significantly improve the accuracy of GSV estimation. The SRF method can effectively select the optimal variable combination, and the SRF-based model results in the highest estimation accuracy with the decreases of relative root mean square error by 16.4%, 14.4%, 16.3%, and 10.6% compared with those from the LSR-, RF-, Boruta-, and VSURF-based models, respectively. The GSV distribution generated by the SRF-based model matched that of the field observations well. The results of this study are expected to provide a reference for GSV estimation of coniferous plantations.

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Lian, Tan, and Dang Pei. "Study on Rub-Impact Dynamical Behavior of An Asymmetrical Rotor-Bearing with Variable Ratio of Stiffness." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (February 20, 2015): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01509010080.

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A rub-impact mathematic model of an Asymmetrical rotor-bearing with nonlinear oil film force is built in the paper. The bifurcation diagrams of the response were given following the changing of ratio of stiffness. We analyzed the bifurcation and the chaos character of an Asymmetrical rotor-bearing with operating rotor stiffness changing, then we get the dynamical character and the law when the rubbing happen. The nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the system were studied by using the numerical value integral and Poincare mapping methods. By analysis the process of rub-impact, it is so complex and many low frequencies with large amplitude are in the range of 0.3~0.6 X. The way of period-chaos-period and the phenomena of diverging backward whirl are discovered when the rubbing happen. These results provide important theoretical references for the safety operation of generating sets and the exact identification of the faults in rotating machinery.

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Chang, C. W., and A. A. Shabana. "Spatial Dynamics of Deformable Multibody Systems With Variable Kinematic Structure: Part 1—Dynamic Model." Journal of Mechanical Design 112, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912587.

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In this paper a method for the spatial kinematic and dynamic analysis of deformable multibody systems that are subject to topology changes is presented. A pieced interval analysis scheme that accounts for the change in the spatial system topology due to the changes in the connectivity between bodies is developed. Deformable bodies in the system are discretized using the finite element method and accordingly a finite set of deformation modes is employed to characterize the system vibration. Even though there are infinitely many arrangements for deformable body axes, computational difficulties may be encountered due to the use of a limited number of deformation modes. Therefore, the deformable body references have to be carefully selected, and accordingly as the system topology changes, new bases for the configuration space have to be identified. In order to guarantee a smooth transition from one configuration space to another, a set of spatial interface conditions or compatibility conditions that are formulated using a set of nonlinear algebraic equations are developed and solved in this paper. The solution of these equations uniquely define the spatial configuration of the deformable multibody system after the change in the system kinematic structure.

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Yang, Zhaoqi, Yonghui Cao, and Jing Liu. "A Buckling Analysis and Optimization Method for a Variable Stiffness Cylindrical Pressure Shell of AUV." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 6 (June 8, 2021): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9060637.

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The composite cylindrical shell pressure structure is widely used for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). To analyze the critical buckling problem of variable stiffness (VS) composite pressure structure of AUV, a discrete finite element (DFE) method based on the curve fiber path function is developed in this work. A design and optimization method based on the radial basis function surrogate method is proposed to optimize the critical buckling pressure for a VS composite cylindrical shell. Both the DFE and surrogate methods are verified to be valid by comparison with the experimental data from the listed references. The effects of the geometric parameter and fiber angle on the critical buckling pressure are studied for different cylindrical shell cases. The results indicate that the proposed simulation model and optimization method are accurate and efficient for the buckling analysis and optimization of a VS composite cylindrical shell. Optimization result shows that the optimum critical buckling pressure for the VS cylindrical shell is improved and is 21.1% larger than that of the constant stiffness cylindrical shell under the same geometric and boundary condition.

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Bruhweiler, F. C., and Y. Kondo. "Spectral Variability of Beta Pictoris and the Search for Nearby Proto-Planetary Systems." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 92 (August 1987): 526–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100116756.

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Continued UV monitoring at high spectral resolution utilizing the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) of the IRAS candidate proto-planetary system, Beta Pictoris (Also see Kondo and Bruhweiler 1985; and references cited therein.), has revealed two components to the circumstellar absorption. The first is a stable absorption component at or near the stellar photospheric velocity, possibly arising from gas orbiting in a gaseous disk, while the second component represents strong variable excess absorption sometimes extending up to +200 km s-1. The variability of this second component accounts for most of the spectral variability observed in Beta Pic. Variable circumstellar absorption observed in the resonance lines and UV62 and 63 multiplets of Fe II reveal an episode of mass inflow which lasted over a period of 12 to 13 months (see Fig. 1).

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Barradi, Youssef, Khalida Zazi, Malika Zazi, and Naoufel Khaldi. "Control of PMSG based variable speed wind energy conversion system connected to the grid with PI and ADRC approach." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v11.i2.pp953-968.

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This paper presents the modeling and simulation of wind energy Conversion System using the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG). <br /> The objectives are: to extract the maximum power of the wind speed by controlling the electromagnetic torque of the PMSG, to maintain constant the DC-link voltage despite the wind speed variations and to attain the unity power factor. In order to ensure a regulation with high performance and a good robustness against the internal and the external disturbances, a new control strategy called the Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) is used. Therefore, the Analysis and simulation of the ADRC and PI controllers are developed with MATLAB/Simulink software. The performance of these controllers is compared in term of references tracking, robustness <br /> and grid faults.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Variable references'

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