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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Variation (Biologie)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Variation (Biologie)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 27 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Variation (Biologie)"

1

OLSSON, P. G. "Studien über die Variation des Choleravirus in Bezug auf Biologie und Virulenz." Nordiskt Medicinskt Arkiv 47, no. 10 (April 24, 2009): 1–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1914.tb01550.x.

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Pailler, Thierry, Benjamin Warren, and Jean-Noël Labat. "Biologie de la reproduction de Aloe mayottensis (Liliaceae), une espèce endémique de l'île Mayotte (Océan Indien)." Canadian Journal of Botany 80, no. 4 (April 1, 2002): 340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b02-019.

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A particularly interesting aspect of the study of organisms in insular environments is plant reproduction and the interaction of plants with their pollinators. Differences in composition between the fauna and flora of continental and island populations, combined with their geographical isolation, have frequently driven rapid evolution in colonizing populations. In particular, floral traits and compatibility systems tend to favour autogamy in response to a paucity of pollinators in the environment. In this context we investigate the origins of the reproductive biology of Aloe mayottensis Berger, a lily endemic to the island of Mayotte. We show that this species is pollinated by the island's endemic sunbird species, and has floral traits and a reproduction system that favour allogamy. Our results show that A. mayottensis is a protandrous and partially self-compatible species. Analysis of stigmatic pollen load shows that stigma received a mean of 56 crossed pollen grains and 62.2 selfed pollen grains per stigma. Study of visitation rates of plants and flowers by the sunbird showed that there is daily variation in the activity of this pollinator, and that males are more active than females.Key words: Aloe mayottensis, floral biology, Lomatophyllum, Nectarinia, bird pollinization, sunbirds, Oceanic islands, Mayotte.

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Ntumba Mabedi, Jean Métis, Victorine Mbadu Zebe, Johan R. Michaux, and Jean-Claude Micha. "Biologie de la reproduction des Marcusenius (M. monteiri, M. stanleyanus, M. schilthuisiae et M. macrolepidotus) du Pool Malebo, fleuve Congo, Kinshasa." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 2 (July 8, 2022): 564–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i2.5.

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Les informations sur la biologie de la reproduction des poissons du genre Marcusenius vivant au pool Malebo, sont peu connues. Pourtant, leur exploitation très importante actuellement se fait sans tenir compte du renouvellement de leurs stocks. Cette étude avait comme objectif de déterminer les stratégies de reproduction de quatre espèces du genre Marcusenius les plus abondantes dans les captures effectuées à l’aide des filets maillants dormants au niveau du pool Malebo. Les quatre espèces de Marcusenius récoltés ont une seule gonade gauche bien développée avec de grands ovocytes presque de même taille, et expulsables en ponte unique. Ces poissons pratiquent une stratégie migratoire dans les sites inondés en début de la saison pluvieuse qui coïncident avec les inondations et une légère variation des paramètres environnementaux de leurs frayères. La fécondité est maximale vers la fin de la saison sèche et début de la saison pluvieuse, entre Août et Septembre. La maturité des gonades chez les femelles commence à partir de Juin et Juillet-Août. Vers fin Septembre et octobre, presque tous les individus adultes de toutes les espèces sont à maturité. A partir de Novembre / Décembre la plupart sont en post ponte.

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Hilley, P., C. Li Wai Suen, A. Srinivasan, M. C. Choy, and P. De Cruz. "P379 Variations in disease monitoring between Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients on intravenous and subcutaneous biologic agents." Journal of Crohn's and Colitis 15, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2021): S393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab076.503.

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Abstract Background The availability of subcutaneous (SC) administration devices of biologics in addition to intravenous (IV) administration has influenced patients’ and clinicians’ preferences towards initiating or transitioning to SC administration particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Whilst SC administration improves patient convenience and reduces demands on infusion centres we hypothesised that the reduction in healthcare contact associated with SC therapies may reduce the opportunities available for objective disease assessment. We aimed to compare the uptake of objective assessment of disease activity between patients receiving IV and SC biologic therapy. Methods Patients on maintenance infusion-based or subcutaneous biologic therapy for IBD between 09/2020 and 02/2021 were identified from a prospectively maintained database at an Australian tertiary IBD centre. Patients scheduled for review in IBD clinic for a prescription of maintenance biologic therapy during the follow-up period were included. Clinic records were reviewed to determine whether patients had undergone objective disease assessment including: biochemical investigation (C-Reactive protein) and Faecal Calprotectin (FCP) within the preceding 8 weeks and/or endoscopic/imaging assessment within the preceding 6 months of clinic review. Frequency of objective disease assessment was compared between patients who received IV versus SC maintenance biologic therapy. Results A total of 307 patients were included: IV maintenance n=195 (Infliximab n=135; Vedolizumab n= 60) and SC maintenance n=112 (Adalimumab n=54; Ustekinumab n=54; Golimumab n=4). Patients who received IV biologics were more likely than the SC cohort to have had biochemical assessment in the form of CRP (90% vs 72%, p<0.001) and FCP (54% vs 46%, p=0.16). Patients in the SC biologic cohort were more likely not to have had investigations completed prior to their clinical review (20% versus 4%, p<0.001). There was no difference in the overall rates of complete objective disease assessment (CRP/FCP and endoscopy/imaging) between the IV and SC cohort (28% vs 30% (p=0.74). Conclusion Patients on subcutaneous biologic therapies in our cohort were less likely to have had objective disease monitoring than those receiving intravenous biologics prior to scheduled IBD clinic review. Route of of biologic administration may influence rates of uptake of objective disease activity assessment. Tools that safeguard against the disparity of monitoring uptake, including messaging prompts and patient-centric mobile applications may help standardise the approach to objective disease assessment independent of the route of biologic administration.

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Enos, Clinton W., Hadiza Galadima, Arjun D. Saini, Stacie Bell, Michael Siegel, and Abby S. Van Voorhees. "Predictors of Biologic Use and Satisfaction Among Patients With Psoriasis: An Analysis and Geographic Visualization of the 2016 and 2017 National Psoriasis Foundation Annual Surveys." Journal of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 5, no. 3 (July 2020): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2475530320925553.

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Background: There are an increasing number of biologic therapies approved for the treatment of psoriasis. Previous reports have identified undertreatment as a concern in the United States. Undertreatment has been associated with decreased patient satisfaction and increased morbidity. Objectives: Assess biologic use and satisfaction among respondents to the 2016 and 2017 National Psoriasis Foundation (NPF) Annual Surveys. Methods: Retrospective data analysis of the 2016 and 2017 NPF Annual Survey responses from individuals with psoriasis. ArcGIS Pro software was utilized to generate maps and perform an optimized hot spot analysis of moderate-to-severe psoriasis and biologic use. Results: There were 427 patients with psoriasis involving the skin alone. Biologics were used in <23% of respondents, while nearly 69% reported body surface area (BSA) >3%. Respondents with BSA <3% and 3% to 4% were less likely to be on biologic therapy (odds ratio [OR]: 0.29, 0.11-0.78 and OR: 0.22, 0.09-0.56, respectively). Nonbiologic users were more likely to be very unsatisfied with their treatment compared to those receiving biologic therapy (OR: 5.23, 2.80-9.75). With geographic information systems (GIS), counties with increased moderate-to-severe disease were identified in the southeastern United States. Conclusion: Despite the increasing number of Food and Drug Administration–approved biologic medications, the proportion of respondents on biologic therapy remained small. Treatment with biologics correlated with less residual disease and increased satisfaction. Geographic variation in state legislation as well as state and federal health insurance did not impact biologic use. However, using GIS, we identify a greater burden of moderate-to-severe disease among respondents in the Southeastern United States and a lack of commensurate use of biologics in those areas.

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Henderson, I. Craig. "Biologic variations of tumors." Cancer 69, S7 (April 1, 1992): 1888–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19920401)69:7+<1888::aid-cncr2820691703>3.0.co;2-#.

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Galli, Emily, Guodong Liu, Doug Leslie, Joslyn Kirby, and Jeffrey J. Miller. "Prescription Pattern Variability of Biologic Therapies in Treating Psoriasis." Journal of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis 3, no. 3 (July 2018): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2475530318781308.

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Background: Medical conditions with high variability in clinical costs and outcomes, such as psoriasis, represent a critical area for health-care value improvement. Thus, the prescription pattern variability of psoriasis biologics merits further study. Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine whether there is variation in psoriasis biologic prescribing patterns. Methods: This study analyzed data from the Truven MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database. Patients with International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision psoriasis diagnoses from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2013, and continuously enrolled for at least 12 months were included. Patient sex, geographic location by census region, and new pharmacy claims for etanercept, adalimumab, and ustekinumab were included. Descriptive and multivariable analyses using logistic regression were performed. Results: Twenty nine thousand seven hundred thirty patients with psoriasis had 36 366 new prescription claims. Statistically significant differences in biologic pharmacy claims existed across US census region and year of claim. The South census region had the most prescriptions (per million population) of each biologic and the greatest increase in new prescriptions for adalimumab and ustekinumab, while the Northeast had the fewest. Etanercept pharmacy claims steadily decreased across all regions over time, while ustekinumab experienced an 8-fold increase. Conclusion: Prescription pattern variability for psoriasis biologics is associated with US census region and year of pharmacy claim.

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Ricós, Carmen, Virtudes Álvarez, Joana Minchinela, Pilar Fernández-Calle, Carmen Perich, Beatriz Boned, Elisabet González, et al. "Biologic Variation Approach to Daily Laboratory." Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 37, no. 1 (March 2017): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cll.2016.09.005.

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Moody, J. P. "Biologic Variation of Serum and Salivary Lithium." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 21, no. 1 (February 1999): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00007691-199902000-00015.

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Sledge, George W. "Innumerable Variations: Combining Biologics." Clinical Breast Cancer 9, no. 1 (February 2009): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3816/cbc.2009.n.001.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Variation (Biologie)"

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Hutter, Stephan. "Natural variation in Drosophila melanogaster." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-74185.

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Cisneros, Caballero Angel Fernando, and Caballero Angel Fernando Cisneros. "The role of structural pleiotropy in the retention of protein complexes after gene duplication." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37529.

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La duplication de gènes est l’un des plus importants mécanismes évolutifs pour la génération de diversité fonctionelle. Lorsqu’un gène est dupliqué, la nouvelle copie partage toutes ses fonctions avec la copie ancestrale car elles encodent pour des protéines identiques. Donc, les deux protéines, appelées paralogues, auront le même réseau d’interactions physiques protéine-protéine. Cependant, dans le cas de la duplication des gènes qui codent des protéines qui interagissent avec elles-mêmes (homomères), la nouvelle protéine interagira aussi avec la copie ancestrale, ce qui introduit une nouvelle interaction (heteromère) (Kaltenegger and Ober, 2015; Pereira-Leal et al., 2007). Puisque ces interactions peuvent avoir des différents motifs de rétention et de fonction (Ashenberg et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2013; Boncoeur et al., 2012; Bridgham et al., 2008), il est important de mieux comprendre comment ces états sont atteints et quelles forces évolutives les favorisent. Dans ce memoire, je cible ces questions avec des simulations in silico de l’évolution des protéines suite à la duplication de gènes en travaillant avec des structures crystallographiques de haute qualité, provenant de la Protein Data Bank (Berman et al., 2000; Dey et al., 2018). Les simulations montrent que les sous-unités et interfaces partagées entraînent une forte corrélation entre les trajectoires évolutives de ces complexes. Ainsi, les simulations prédisent que la préservation de seulement les deux homomères ou seulement l’hétéromère ne devrait pas être fréquente. Toutefois, la simulation qui applique la sélection seulement sur un homomère montre que l’homomère neutre est destabilisé plus rapidement que l’hétéromère neutre. Nous avons comparé ces prédictions avec des résultats expérimentaux du réseau d’interactions protéine-protéine de la levure. Comme suggéré par les simulations, les patrons d’interactions les plus fréquents ont été la formation des trois complexes (deux homomères et un hétéromère) ou la formation de seulement un homomère. Les patrons correspondants à deux homomères sans hétéromères ou un hétéromère sans homomères sont rares. Nos résultats démontrent l’extension de l’hétéromérisation entre paralogues dans le réseau d’interactions physiques protéine-protéine de la levure, les mécanismes sous-jacents et ses implications.
La duplication de gènes est l’un des plus importants mécanismes évolutifs pour la génération de diversité fonctionelle. Lorsqu’un gène est dupliqué, la nouvelle copie partage toutes ses fonctions avec la copie ancestrale car elles encodent pour des protéines identiques. Donc, les deux protéines, appelées paralogues, auront le même réseau d’interactions physiques protéine-protéine. Cependant, dans le cas de la duplication des gènes qui codent des protéines qui interagissent avec elles-mêmes (homomères), la nouvelle protéine interagira aussi avec la copie ancestrale, ce qui introduit une nouvelle interaction (heteromère) (Kaltenegger and Ober, 2015; Pereira-Leal et al., 2007). Puisque ces interactions peuvent avoir des différents motifs de rétention et de fonction (Ashenberg et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2013; Boncoeur et al., 2012; Bridgham et al., 2008), il est important de mieux comprendre comment ces états sont atteints et quelles forces évolutives les favorisent. Dans ce memoire, je cible ces questions avec des simulations in silico de l’évolution des protéines suite à la duplication de gènes en travaillant avec des structures crystallographiques de haute qualité, provenant de la Protein Data Bank (Berman et al., 2000; Dey et al., 2018). Les simulations montrent que les sous-unités et interfaces partagées entraînent une forte corrélation entre les trajectoires évolutives de ces complexes. Ainsi, les simulations prédisent que la préservation de seulement les deux homomères ou seulement l’hétéromère ne devrait pas être fréquente. Toutefois, la simulation qui applique la sélection seulement sur un homomère montre que l’homomère neutre est destabilisé plus rapidement que l’hétéromère neutre. Nous avons comparé ces prédictions avec des résultats expérimentaux du réseau d’interactions protéine-protéine de la levure. Comme suggéré par les simulations, les patrons d’interactions les plus fréquents ont été la formation des trois complexes (deux homomères et un hétéromère) ou la formation de seulement un homomère. Les patrons correspondants à deux homomères sans hétéromères ou un hétéromère sans homomères sont rares. Nos résultats démontrent l’extension de l’hétéromérisation entre paralogues dans le réseau d’interactions physiques protéine-protéine de la levure, les mécanismes sous-jacents et ses implications.
Gene duplication is one of the most important evolutionary mechanisms for the generation of functional diversity. When a gene is duplicated, the new copy shares all of the ancestral copy’s functions because they encode identical proteins. Therefore, the two proteins, called paralogs, will have the same protein-protein interaction network. However, in the case of the duplication of genes encoding proteins that self-interact (homomers), the new protein will also interact with the ancestral copy, introducing a novel interaction (heteromer) (Kaltenegger and Ober, 2015; Pereira-Leal et al., 2007). As these interactions can have different retention and functional patterns (Ashenberg et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2013; Boncoeur et al., 2012; Bridgham et al., 2008), it is important to understand better how these states are reached and what evolutionary forces favor each of them. In this thesis, I approach these questions by means of in silico simulations of protein evolution after gene duplication by working with high-quality crystal structures from the Protein Data Bank (Berman et al., 2000; Dey et al., 2018). The simulations show that the shared subunits and interfaces lead to these complexes having highly correlated evolutionary trajectories. Thus, the simulations predict that the preservation of only the two homomers or only the heteromer is not likely to happen often. Nevertheless, simulating evolution with selection on only one homomer shows that the neutral homomer is destabilized faster than the neutral heteromer. We compared these predictions against experimental results from the yeast protein-protein interaction network. As suggested by the simulations, the most abundant interaction patterns were either the formation of all three complexes (two homomers and one heteromer) or the formation of only one homomer, with motifs corresponding to two homomers without a heteromer or a heteromer without homomers being rare. Our results highlight the extent of heteromerization between paralogs in the yeast protein-protein interaction network, the underlying mechanisms, and its implications
Gene duplication is one of the most important evolutionary mechanisms for the generation of functional diversity. When a gene is duplicated, the new copy shares all of the ancestral copy’s functions because they encode identical proteins. Therefore, the two proteins, called paralogs, will have the same protein-protein interaction network. However, in the case of the duplication of genes encoding proteins that self-interact (homomers), the new protein will also interact with the ancestral copy, introducing a novel interaction (heteromer) (Kaltenegger and Ober, 2015; Pereira-Leal et al., 2007). As these interactions can have different retention and functional patterns (Ashenberg et al., 2011; Baker et al., 2013; Boncoeur et al., 2012; Bridgham et al., 2008), it is important to understand better how these states are reached and what evolutionary forces favor each of them. In this thesis, I approach these questions by means of in silico simulations of protein evolution after gene duplication by working with high-quality crystal structures from the Protein Data Bank (Berman et al., 2000; Dey et al., 2018). The simulations show that the shared subunits and interfaces lead to these complexes having highly correlated evolutionary trajectories. Thus, the simulations predict that the preservation of only the two homomers or only the heteromer is not likely to happen often. Nevertheless, simulating evolution with selection on only one homomer shows that the neutral homomer is destabilized faster than the neutral heteromer. We compared these predictions against experimental results from the yeast protein-protein interaction network. As suggested by the simulations, the most abundant interaction patterns were either the formation of all three complexes (two homomers and one heteromer) or the formation of only one homomer, with motifs corresponding to two homomers without a heteromer or a heteromer without homomers being rare. Our results highlight the extent of heteromerization between paralogs in the yeast protein-protein interaction network, the underlying mechanisms, and its implications

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Loës, Corinna. "Variation in sleep behaviour and its underlying causes." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-149876.

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Araya-Ajoy, Yimen G. "Multi-level variation in labile characters." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-185184.

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Labile characters, like behaviors, are phenotypes that are expressed repeatedly in the life of an individual. These types of characters allow individuals to adjust their phenotype to various levels of environmental variation, and therefore play a key role in the evolutionary process. Labile phenotypes are distinct because of their multi-level nature; individuals can differ in their average phenotypic expression (causing among-individual variation), but they can also vary their phenotype in each expression (causing within-individual variation). In order to understand the role of labile characters in the evolutionary process it is necessary to acknowledge that variation at each level is caused by different processes. Variation at the among-individual level is caused by genetic or environmental differences having a permanent effect on an individual’s phenotype, whereas variation at the within-individual level is caused by an individual’s adjustment of its phenotype to a changing environment. The implications of these multi layered effects in the expression of labile characters have been acknowledged by different fields of evolutionary ecology, but major areas of evolutionary research do not fully incorporated this idea. The general aim of my thesis was to fully integrate this multi-level nature in the study of the adaptive causes and evolutionary consequences of variation in labile characters. My thesis is composed of five chapters: the first three are conceptual and methodological works aimed at integrating the multi-level nature of labile characters into already existing evolutionary frameworks. The last two chapters describe, as a worked example, how the different levels of variation and covariation between (labile) fertilization related traits affect the evolution of the alternative reproductive strategies in a wild passerine bird (the great tit). The first chapter is a conceptual work focusing on how to define and statistically characterize behavioral characters. We argue that behavioral characters can be studied using the “evolutionary character concept”. This framework was developed to study characters that only vary among individuals (i.e. “fixed characters”); therefore we extended this framework to include characters that also vary within-individuals. The second chapter of the thesis is a methodological work where we proposed a way to quantify multi-level variation in reaction norms, which allows the estimation of repeatability of plasticity. Behavioral ecologists have recently developed theory predicting the ecological conditions where repeatable vs. non-repeatable variation in phenotypic plasticity should evolve. However, there was no methodological framework to estimate repeatability of plasticity. Therefore, we proposed a study design and mixed effect model structure to estimate repeatability of plasticity. To help researchers use the proposed methodology, we developed an R simulation package to estimate bias, precision and accuracy for different sampling designs. The third chapter is an opinion paper that urges researchers to combine theory and methods developed in behavioral ecology and quantitative genetics to study phenotypic variation in a social context. Quantitative geneticists have developed a framework to study social evolution aimed at predicting the evolutionary response to selection of traits affected by the phenotypes of other individuals (the “social environment”). Phenotypes expressed in a social context, also called interactive phenotypes, exhibit a particular evolutionary dynamic because their environmental component is composed of genes and can thus evolve. Despite that fact that the effects of the social environment are commonly mediated by labile characters, this social evolution framework has not fully considered the multi-level nature of labile characters. Therefore, for chapter three we integrated the multi-level nature of labile characters in this social evolution framework. The final two chapters focus, as a worked example, on within-pair and extra-pair reproductive behavior in great tits. For these chapters, we utilized the theoretical and methodological developments of the previous chapters to study the sources of evolutionary constraints on alternative fertilization routes in male great tits. One of the chapters has a more evolutionary perspective, while the other applies a more behavioral ecology view point. In chapter four we studied male extra-pair and within-pair reproduction as interactive phenotypes that are affected by the phenotypes of both the male and the female member of great tit breeding pairs. We showed that male fertilization strategies depend heavily on the phenotype of their female. This social environment effect should influence the evolutionary response to selection of male fertilization strategies, and could partly explain evolutionary stasis, observed in natural populations, in traits so closely linked to fitness. In chapter four we also studied whether trade-offs among- or within-individuals can constrain the phenotypic evolution of male alternative reproductive strategies. We showed that among-male trade-offs between within-pair and extra-pair reproduction could also be a source of evolutionary constrain. In chapter five, we corroborated the existence of trade-offs between alternative reproductive routes by studying whether within-pair and extra-pair fertilizations are obtained at the same time, allowing for the possibility of a trade-off between the two. We found that a male's extra-pair fertilization success is actually higher when it constrains his ability to secure within-pair fertilizations. This result is consistent with our finding that there is indeed a trade-off between extra-pair and within-pair reproduction in this species. The empirical works in this thesis highlight the importance of the social environment as a source of phenotypic variation in the expression of labile traits. But more generally, from the works in this thesis, we can conclude that to fully understand the role of labile characters in the evolutionary process it is necessary to acknowledge their multi-level nature.

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Montero, Terrazas Juan Carlos [Verfasser], and Albert [Akademischer Betreuer] Reif. "Floristic variation of the Igapó Forests along the Negro River, Central Amazonia = Floristische Variation der Igapó Wälder entlang des Rio Negro, Zentral Amazonien." Freiburg : Universität, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1122592426/34.

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Martin, Jean-Louis. "Variation géographique, adaptation et spéciation : l'exemple de Parus caeruleus (Aves)." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20233.

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Raess, Michael. "Annual timing and life-history variation in free-living stonechats." Diss., lmu, 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-63313.

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Boell, Louis A. [Verfasser]. "Variation und Variabilität der Unterkieferform in der Hausmaus / Louis A. Boell." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1020001011/34.

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David, Bruno. "La variation chez les Echinidés irréguliers : dimensions ontogénétiques, écologiques, évolutives." Dijon, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985DIJOS004.

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La variation de l'architecture du test des échinidés irréguliers est étudiée selon trois approches: -les aspects ontogénétiques: description de l'ontogénèse d'une espèce, influence de facteurs exogènes sur le développement de deux espèces fossiles de l'hautevirien et approche comparative des ontogénèses de deux oursins abysseux; -l'influence de l'environnement: variation géographique de la morphologie d'une espèce de la mer de norvège et d'associations interspécifiques d'espèces fossiles; -l'extension temporelle: l'étude des variations morphologiques de fossiles et la comparaison avec diverses formes actuelles apportent des données sur leur évolution

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Warthmann, Norman [Verfasser]. "Finding the Causal Genes: Developing Tools for Natural Variation Research / Norman Warthmann." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028785836/34.

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Books on the topic "Variation (Biologie)"

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Section, Hamilton Association Biological, ed. Is species a natural or artificial division in nature?: A paper read before the Biological Section of the Hamilton Association, December 7th, 1888. [Hamilton, Ont.?: s.n., 1993.

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Staszkiewicz, Jerzy. Zmiennnosc wybranych gatunków krzewów i drzew =: Variability of selected shrub and tree species. Kraków: Instytut botaniki im. W. Szafer - Polska Akademia Nauk, 1997.

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1927-, Harrison G. A., ed. Human biology: An introduction to human evolution, variation, growth, and adaptability. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

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The causes of molecular evolution. New York: Oxford University Press, 1991.

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N, Curnow R., and Hasted A. M, eds. Statistical methods in agriculture and experimental biology. 2nd ed. London: Chapman & Hall, 1993.

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N, Curnow R., and Hasted A. M, eds. Statistical methods in agriculture and experimental biology. 3rd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: Chapman & Hall/CRC, 2003.

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Geographical population analysis: Tools for the analysis of biodiversity. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1994.

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Genetic variation and disorders in peoples of Africian origin. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990.

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J, Knapp Brian, ed. Variation. Henley-on-Thames: Atlantic Europe, 2008.

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Rosemary, Feasey, ed. Variation. Oxford: Ginn, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Variation (Biologie)"

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Schmidt, Marco F. "Genomische Variation." In Chemische Biologie, 49–67. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61116-6_6.

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Bachmann, Konrad. "Evolution: Genetische Variation." In Biologie für Mediziner, 378–88. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71119-0_24.

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Bachmann, Konrad. "Die Dynamik der genetischen Variation." In Biologie für Mediziner, 389–405. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71119-0_25.

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Schmidt, Marco F. "Genomic Variation." In Chemical Biology, 49–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64412-6_6.

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Walters, Kevin. "Epigenetic Variation." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 185–97. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-416-6_14.

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Antonovics, Janis, Norman C. Ellstrand, and Robert N. Brandon. "Genetic variation and environmental variation: expectations and experiments." In Plant Evolutionary Biology, 275–303. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1207-6_11.

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Konigsberg, Lyle W. "Quantitative Variation and Genetics." In Human Biology, 143–73. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118108062.ch5.

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Mitton, Jeffry B. "Physiological and Demographic Variation Associated With Allozyme Variation." In Isozymes in Plant Biology, 127–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1840-5_7.

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Wain, Louise V., and Martin D. Tobin. "Copy Number Variation." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 167–83. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-416-6_13.

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Macé, Aurélien, Zoltán Kutalik, and Armand Valsesia. "Copy Number Variation." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 231–58. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7868-7_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Variation (Biologie)"

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Zare, Fatima, and Sheida Nabavi. "Copy Number Variation Detection Using Total Variation." In BCB '19: 10th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Health Informatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3307339.3342181.

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BERWICK, ROBERT C. "INVARIANTS AND VARIATION IN BIOLOGY AND LANGUAGE EVOLUTION: EXTENDED ABSTRACT." In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference (EVOLANG8). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814295222_0005.

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Blonshine, S. B., E. A. Becker, L. M. Stewart, J. M. Blonshine, and E. M. Moran. "Normal Variation in Spirometry Biologic Control Measures in a Multi-Center Global Study." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a2361.

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Li, Bingjue, Andrew P. Murray, David H. Myszka, and Gérard Subsol. "Synthesizing Planar Rigid-Body Chains for Morphometric Applications." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59412.

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Morphometrics is a quantitative analysis to compare a set of geometric representations of forms, including shape and size. Analysis of shape variation is useful in systematics, evolutionary biology, biostratigraphy, and developmental biology. Distinguished by the data being analyzed, three forms of morphometrics are commonly recognized. Traditional morphometrics measures the lengths, ratios, angles, etc., of patterns of shape variations. Outline-based morphometrics analyzes the outlines of forms using open or closed curves. Landmark-based geometric morphometrics summarizes shapes in terms of the coordinates of anatomical landmarks. The three morphometric methods are able to capture the variation of forms exactly, but require analyzing numerous variables. As an alternative approach to morphometrics, this paper presents a kinematic synthesis methodology of planar rigid-body chains. This methodology approximates the set of profile curves that represent a series of shapes with a single chain comprised of rigid-body links connected by revolute or prismatic joints. The primary advantage of the presented approach is that a modest number of physical parameters describes the shape and size change between a set of curves. Three morphometric problems are investigated by applying the methodology of synthesizing planar rigid-body chains to match the prescribed shapes. The result validates that the presented methodology might be used as an alternative approach to the analysis of morphological forms.

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McNally, Ken. "Rice SNP-Seek database for gemic variation." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1053087.

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Beal, J. "Mathematical Foundations of Variation in Gene Expression." In IET/SynbiCITE Engineering Biology Conference. Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2016.1228.

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Stuhrmann, H. B. "Neutron scattering in biology: from isotopic substitution to nuclear spin contrast variation." In Fifth International Conference on Applications of Nuclear Techniques: Neutrons in Research and Industry, edited by George Vourvopoulos. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.267880.

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Selvaskandan, H., H. Al-Ani, and A. Moorthy. "AB1090 Is there an ethnic variation in acceptance of biologic therapy? a university hospital experience." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.2944.

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Cannataro, Mario. "Session details: Genomic variation." In BCB '21: 12th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Health Informatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3478666.

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Nabavi, Sheida. "Session details: Genomic variation." In BCB '22: 13th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Health Informatics. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3552480.

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Reports on the topic "Variation (Biologie)"

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Del Mauro, Diana, and William Fischer. Vaccines and Viral Variation Will Fischer LANL Theoretical Biology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1766971.

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Agresar, Grenmarie, and Michael A. Savageau. Final Report, December, 1999. Sloan - US Department of Energy joint postdoctoral fellowship in computational molecular biology [Canonical nonlinear methods for modeling and analyzing gene circuits and spatial variations during pattern formation in embryonic development]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/811376.

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Fridman, Eyal, Jianming Yu, and Rivka Elbaum. Combining diversity within Sorghum bicolor for genomic and fine mapping of intra-allelic interactions underlying heterosis. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597925.bard.

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Heterosis, the enigmatic phenomenon in which whole genome heterozygous hybrids demonstrate superior fitness compared to their homozygous parents, is the main cornerstone of modern crop plant breeding. One explanation for this non-additive inheritance of hybrids is interaction of alleles within the same locus. This proposal aims at screening, identifying and investigating heterosis trait loci (HTL) for different yield traits by implementing a novel integrated mapping approach in Sorghum bicolor as a model for other crop plants. Originally, the general goal of this research was to perform a genetic dissection of heterosis in a diallel built from a set of Sorghum bicolor inbred lines. This was conducted by implementing a novel computational algorithm which aims at associating between specific heterozygosity found among hybrids with heterotic variation for different agronomic traits. The initial goals of the research are: (i) Perform genotype by sequencing (GBS) of the founder lines (ii) To evaluate the heterotic variation found in the diallel by performing field trails and measurements in the field (iii) To perform QTL analysis for identifying heterotic trait loci (HTL) (iv) to validate candidate HTL by testing the quantitative mode of inheritance in F2 populations, and (v) To identify candidate HTL in NAM founder lines and fine map these loci by test-cross selected RIL derived from these founders. The genetic mapping was initially achieved with app. 100 SSR markers, and later the founder lines were genotyped by sequencing. In addition to the original proposed research we have added two additional populations that were utilized to further develop the HTL mapping approach; (1) A diallel of budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) that was tested for heterosis of doubling time, and (2) a recombinant inbred line population of Sorghum bicolor that allowed testing in the field and in more depth the contribution of heterosis to plant height, as well as to achieve novel simulation for predicting dominant and additive effects in tightly linked loci on pseudooverdominance. There are several conclusions relevant to crop plants in general and to sorghum breeding and biology in particular: (i) heterosis for reproductive (1), vegetative (2) and metabolic phenotypes is predominantly achieved via dominance complementation. (ii) most loci that seems to be inherited as overdominant are in fact achieving superior phenotype of the heterozygous due to linkage in repulsion, namely by pseudooverdominant mechanism. Our computer simulations show that such repulsion linkage could influence QTL detection and estimation of effect in segregating populations. (iii) A new height QTL (qHT7.1) was identified near the genomic region harboring the known auxin transporter Dw3 in sorghum, and its genetic dissection in RIL population demonstrated that it affects both the upper and lower parts of the plant, whereas Dw3 affects only the part below the flag leaf. (iv) HTL mapping for grain nitrogen content in sorghum grains has identified several candidate genes that regulate this trait, including several putative nitrate transporters and a transcription factor belonging to the no-apical meristem (NAC)-like large gene family. This activity was combined with another BARD-funded project in which several de-novo mutants in this gene were identified for functional analysis.

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Lers, Amnon, Majid R. Foolad, and Haya Friedman. genetic basis for postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600014.bard.

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ABSTRACT Postharvest losses of fresh produce are estimated globally to be around 30%. Reducing these losses is considered a major solution to ensure global food security. Storage at low temperatures is an efficient practice to prolong postharvest performance of crops with minimal negative impact on produce quality or human health and the environment. However, many fresh produce commodities are susceptible to chilling temperatures, and the application of cold storage is limited as it would cause physiological chilling injury (CI) leading to reduced produce quality. Further, the primary CI becomes a preferred site for pathogens leading to decay and massive produce losses. Thus, chilling sensitive crops should be stored at higher minimal temperatures, which curtails their marketing life and in some cases necessitates the use of other storage strategies. Development of new knowledge about the biological basis for chilling tolerance in fruits and vegetables should allow development of both new varieties more tolerant to cold, and more efficient postharvest storage treatments and storage conditions. In order to improve the agricultural performance of modern crop varieties, including tomato, there is great potential in introgression of marker-defined genomic regions from wild species onto the background of elite breeding lines. To exploit this potential for improving tomato fruit chilling tolerance during postharvest storage, we have used in this research a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the red-fruited tomato wild species SolanumpimpinellifoliumL. accession LA2093 and an advanced Solanum lycopersicumL. tomato breeding line NCEBR-1, developed in the laboratory of the US co-PI. The original specific objectives were: 1) Screening of RIL population resulting from the cross NCEBR1 X LA2093 for fruit chilling response during postharvest storage and estimation of its heritability; 2) Perform a transcriptopmic and bioinformatics analysis for the two parental lines following exposure to chilling storage. During the course of the project, we learned that we could measure greater differences in chilling responses among specific RILs compared to that observed between the two parental lines, and thus we decided not to perform transcriptomic analysis and instead invest our efforts more on characterization of the RILs. Performing the transcriptomic analysis for several RILs, which significantly differ in their chilling tolerance/sensitivity, at a later stage could result with more significant insights. The RIL population, (172 lines), was used in field experiment in which fruits were examined for chilling sensitivity by determining CI severity. Following the field experiments, including 4 harvest days and CI measurements, two extreme tails of the response distribution, each consisting of 11 RILs exhibiting either high sensitivity or tolerance to chilling stress, were identified and were further examined for chilling response in greenhouse experiments. Across the RILs, we found significant (P < 0.01) correlation between field and greenhouse grown plants in fruit CI. Two groups of 5 RILs, whose fruits exhibited reproducible chilling tolerant/sensitive phenotypes in both field and greenhouse experiments, were selected for further analyses. Numerous genetic, physiological, biochemical and molecular variations were investigated in response to postharvest chilling stress in the selected RILs. We confirmed the differential response of the parental lines of the RIL population to chilling stress, and examined the extent of variation in the RIL population in response to chilling treatment. We determined parameters which would be useful for further characterization of chilling response in the RIL population. These included chlorophyll fluorescence Fv/Fm, water loss, total non-enzymatic potential of antioxidant activity, ascorbate and proline content, and expression of LeCBF1 gene, known to be associated with cold acclimation. These parameters could be used in continuation studies for the identification and genetic mapping of loci contributing to chilling tolerance in this population, and identifying genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance in tomato. Once genetic markers associated with chilling tolerance are identified, the trait could be transferred to different genetic background via marker-assisted selection (MAS) and breeding. The collaborative research established in this program has resulted in new information and insights in this area of research and the collaboration will be continued to obtain further insights into the genetic, molecular biology and physiology of postharvest chilling tolerance in tomato fruit. The US Co-PI, developed the RIL population that was used for screening and measurement of the relevant chilling stress responses and conducted statistical analyses of the data. Because we were not able to grow the RIL population under field conditions in two successive generations, we could not estimate heritability of response to chilling temperatures. However, we plan to continue the research, grow the RIL progeny in the field again, and determine heritability of chilling tolerance in a near future. The IS and US investigators interacted regularly and plan to continue and expand on this study, since combing the expertise of the Co-PI in genetics and breeding with that of the PI in postharvest physiology and molecular biology will have great impact on this line of research, given the significant findings of this one-year feasibility project.

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