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1

Kawasaki-Tanaka, A., N. Hayashi, S. Yanagihara, and Y. Fukuta. "Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Japan." Plant Disease 100, no. 4 (2016): 816–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-15-0442-re.

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In total, 310 rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) isolates from Japan showed wide variation in virulence. Virulence on rice (Oryza sativa L.) differential varieties (DV) harboring resistance genes Pish, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, and Pi19(t) ranged from 82.9 to 100.0%. In contrast, virulence on DV possessing Pib, Pit, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), Piz, Piz-5, Piz-t, Pita-2, Pita, Pi12(t), and Pi20(t) ranged from 0 to 21.6%. Cluster analysis using the reaction patterns of the DV classified isolates into three groups: I, virulent to Pik, Pik-h, Pik-p, Pik-m, Pi1, and Pi7(t
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2

Nguyet, Nguyen T. M., Hoang H. Long, Nguyen B. Ngoc, et al. "Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Vietnam." Plant Disease 104, no. 2 (2020): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-19-1008-re.

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A total of 239 isolates of blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) collected from northern and central Vietnam showed a wide variation in pathogenicity based on the reaction patterns to 25 differential varieties (DVs) harboring 23 resistance genes and susceptible cultivar Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH). The frequencies of isolates virulent toward DVs for Pish, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), Piz-5, Pita-2, and Pita were low, but they were high for DVs for Pib, Pit, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, Piz, Piz-t, Pi12(t), Pi19(t), and Pi20(t). Isolates were classified into three cluster groups Ia
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3

Kim, Hojeong. "Muscle length-dependent contribution of motoneuron Cav1.3 channels to force production in model slow motor unit." Journal of Applied Physiology 123, no. 1 (2017): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00491.2016.

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Persistent inward current (PIC)-generating Cav1.3 channels in spinal motoneuron dendrites are thought to be actively recruited during normal behaviors. However, whether and how the activation of PIC channels influences force output of motor unit remains elusive. Here, building a physiologically realistic model of slow motor unit I demonstrated that force production induced by the PIC activation is much smaller for short than lengthened muscles during the regular firing of the motoneuron that transitions from the quiescent state by either a brief current pulse at the soma or a brief synaptic ex
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4

Kim, Hojeong. "Impact of the localization of dendritic calcium persistent inward current on the input-output properties of spinal motoneuron pool: a computational study." Journal of Applied Physiology 123, no. 5 (2017): 1166–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00034.2017.

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The goal of this study is to investigate how the dendritic Ca-PIC location influences nonlinear input-output properties and depends on the type of motoneurons across the motoneuron pool. A model motoneuron pool consisting of 10 motoneurons was constructed using a recently developed two-compartment modeling approach that reflected key cell type-associated properties experimentally identified. The dendritic excitability and firing output depended systematically on both the PIC location and the motoneuron type. The PIC onset and offset in the current-voltage ( I–V) relationship tended to occur at
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5

Xangsayasane, Phetmanyseng, Chanthakone Boualaphanh, Chay Bounphanousay, et al. "Genetic Variation of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae) Isolates in Laos." Plant Health Progress 21, no. 4 (2020): 248–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-05-20-0041-rs.

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The pathogenicity of 192 blast isolates collected from regions across the whole of Laos from 2007 to 2009 showed a wide variation in terms of the frequencies of virulence toward differential varieties (DVs) and the susceptible control cultivar Lijiangxintuanheigu. High frequencies of virulence (>50%) were found in the reactions of DVs for Pit, Pia, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, Piz-t, Pi19(t), and Pi20(t); intermediate values (from 10 to 50%) were found in DVs for Pib, Pii, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Piz-5, Pita (two lines), Pita-2 (two lines), and Pi12(t); and low frequencies (<10%) w
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6

Schwieler, Lilly, Ada Trepci, Stanislaw Krzyzanowski, et al. "A novel, robust method for quantification of multiple kynurenine pathway metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid." Bioanalysis 12, no. 6 (2020): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/bio-2019-0303.

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Aim: Kynurenine metabolites are potential modulators of psychiatric disease. We aimed to develop a highly sensitive biochemical analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tryptophan (TRP) metabolites, to investigate the stability of metabolites and to confirm our previous findings of aberrant CSF quinolinic acid (QUIN) and picolinic acid (PIC) in suicide attempters using this method. Methodology & results: Ten CSF TRP metabolites were analyzed with ultraperformance LC–MS/MS. The method showed small intra- and interassay variation. Metabolites were stable following freeze–thaw cycles. A decrease
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7

Ishii, T., Y. Xu, and S. R. McCouch. "Nuclear- and chloroplast-microsatellite variation in A-genome species of rice." Genome 44, no. 4 (2001): 658–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g01-044.

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Simple sequence length polymorphism analysis was carried out to reveal microsatellite variation and to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among A-genome species of rice. Total DNA from 29 cultivars (23 Oryza sativa and 6 O. glaberrima) and 30 accessions of wild A-genome species (12 O. rufipogon, 5 O. glumaepatula, 2 O. longistaminata, 6 O. meridionalis, and 5 O. barthii) was used as a template for PCR to detect 24 nuclear and 10 chloroplast microsatellite loci. Microsatellite allelic diversity was examined based on amplified banding patterns. Microsatellites amplified clearly in all 59 acc
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8

Dubinov, A. E., and V. P. Tarakanov. "PIC simulation of a two-foil vircator." Laser and Particle Beams 35, no. 2 (2017): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000283.

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AbstractParticle-in-cell (PIC) simulation of a two-foil magnetoinsulated vircator is carried out. Evolution of electron phase portrait has been studied. Formation of two regions with a squeezed state of electron beam is observed, separated from each other by an electronic phase vortex. The power of two-foil vircator's microwave generation was calculated. It is demonstrated that in the phase vortex mode, the power of vircator's microwave radiation may excel the outcome power of a usual one-foil vircator by two times. The spectral characteristics of two-foil vircators were studied. It was found
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9

Poncet, V., P. Hamon, J. Minier, C. Carasco, S. Hamon, and M. Noirot. "SSR cross-amplification and variation within coffee trees (Coffea spp.)." Genome 47, no. 6 (2004): 1071–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g04-064.

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Primer sets were developed from 85 Coffea arabica sequences in addition to 25 already published primer sets. They were subsequently used for amplification in six African Coffea species: Coffea canephora (CAN), Coffea eugenioides (EUG), Coffea heterocalyx (HET), Coffea liberica (LIB), Coffea sp. Moloundou (MOL) and Coffea pseudozanguebariae (PSE). The amplification percentages for these 110 primer pairs ranged from 72.7% for LIB to 86.4% for PSE. Good transferability was thus obtained within the Coffea genus. When focusing on the two species CAN and PSE, high genetic diversity, high polymorphic
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Li, Changxin, Yuan Yu, Qingwu Zhang, Hong Zhong, and Shuai Wang. "Synthesis of Zeolite from Electrolytic Manganese Residue: Investigation on the Variation of the Propert of Zeolite during the Conversion Process." Journal of Chemistry 2020 (August 17, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6939101.

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In this study, the cation exchange capacity (CEC); phosphate immobilization capacity (PIC); and chemical, mineralogical, and morphological characteristics of the synthesized electrolytic manganese residue (EMR) based zeolite (EMRZ) were systematically investigated during the synthesis process. By varying synthesis conditions, different zeolites with different purity were generated, and it was proven that a lower Si/Al ratio, relatively higher temperature, and relatively longer time favored the synthesis of zeolite. Besides, the decrease in Si/Al ratio and variation within a narrow range contri
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11

Piccinini, Page, and Amalia Arvaniti. "Dominance, mode, and individual variation in bilingual speech production and perception." Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 9, no. 4-5 (2019): 628–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.17027.pic.

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Abstract Early Spanish-English bilinguals and English controls were tested on the production and perception of negative, short-lag, and long-lag Voice Onset Time (VOT), VOT types spanning the Spanish and English phonetic categories: phonologically, negative and short-lag VOT stops are distinct phonemes in Spanish, but realizations of voiced stops in English. Dominance was critical: more English-dominant bilinguals produced more short-lag VOT stops in response to negative VOT stimuli, and were also less accurate than more balanced bilinguals at discriminating negative from short-lag VOT. Biling
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12

Schmieder, B., and P. Mein. "Variations of the solar limb brightness with the oscillations." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 123 (1988): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900158486.

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The aim of this work is to compute the amplitude of the limb darkening fluctuations due to oscillations in order to compare with the observations made with the heliometer at the Pic du Midi (Rösch and Yerle 1983–1984). It is shown that 5 min oscillations lead to variation in the brightness gradient of less than 2%.
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13

Hudcovicová, Martina, Katarína Ondreičková, Pavol Hauptvogel, and Ján Kraic. "Genetic Diversity in Domestic and Introduced Wheats." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 59, no. 3 (2013): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2013-0009.

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Abstract A set of 33 wheat EST-SSR markers was designed and 18 from them were polymorphic and used for assessment of genetic diversity within 36 introduced genotypes of hexaploid bread wheat. Altogether 105 alleles were detected, in average 3.18 alleles per locus. Maximum number of alleles 14 was detected at the locus TDI389708. Five the most polymorphic markers were used for the evaluation and comparison of genetic variation within 46 domestic (Slovak) wheat genotypes and 36 introduced (foreign) wheat genotypes. The number of alleles per used primer pair within domestic genotypes varied from
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14

Khan, M. A. I., M. A. Ali, M. A. Monsur, et al. "Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Bangladesh." Plant Disease 100, no. 10 (2016): 2025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-15-1486-re.

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The pathogenicity of 331 blast isolates (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) collected from different regions and ecosystems for rice cultivation in Bangladesh was evaluated by compatibility on 23 differential varieties (DV), each harboring a single blast resistance gene, and susceptible ‘Lijiangxintuanheigu’ (LTH). A wide variation in virulence was found among the isolates, and 267 races were classified using a new designation system. Virulence of blast isolates against DV carrying the resistance genes Pia, Pib, Pit, Pik-s, Piz-t, Pi12(t), Pi19(t), and Pi20(t), as well as avirulence against those carr
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15

Manjula, Prabuddha, Minjun Kim, Sunghyun Cho, Dongwon Seo, and Jun Heon Lee. "High Levels of Genetic Variation in MHC-Linked Microsatellite Markers from Native Chicken Breeds." Genes 12, no. 2 (2021): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020240.

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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a highly polymorphic gene region that regulates cellular communication in all specific immune responses. In this study, we investigated 11 microsatellite (MS) markers in the MHC-B region of chicken populations from four countries: Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, South Korea, and Nigeria. The MS markers were divided into two sets. Set 1 included five novel MS markers, which we assessed using 192 samples from 21 populations. Set 2 included six previously reported markers, which we assessed using 881 samples from 29 populations. The Set 1 MS markers had lower
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16

Fattah, Yousif Mohammed, Ahmed Basheer Mohammed, and Nasreen Jalal Hussien. "Y-chromosomal STR variation in Kurds and Arabs population in Iraqi Kurdistan." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 5 (2019): 1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20191650.

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Background: The Iraqi Kurdistan local population involves more than eight gatherings of tenants. The Muslim Kurds make up most of the population and after that the Yezidi Kurds. Alternate gatherings incorporate Armenians, Assyrian, Chaldea, Syriacs, and little minority of Arab and Turkmen individuals.Methods: A total of 36 unrelated males from the two population groups in Iraqi Kurdistan: Kurds and Arabs were analyzed for eight Y-chromosome STRs (DYS19, DYS392, DYS437, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635 and Y-GATA-H4). Total DNA from blood cells was extracted using DNA extraction Kit.Results: A nu
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17

Gill, Dip Singh, Dilbag Singh Rana, and Mohinder Singh Chauhan. "A Comparative Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of the Solvation of CuClO4 in Binary Mixtures of Acetonitrile with Pyridine and Picolines at 298K." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 67, no. 5 (2012): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5560/zna.2012-0032.

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63Cu nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and viscosity studies of 0:064M CuClO4 solutions have been reported in binary mixtures of acetonitrile (AN) with pyridine (Py) and 2, 3, and 4-picolines (2,3,4-Pic) at 298 K using a Bruker 500 MHz NMR spectrometer and an Ubbelohde viscometer, respectively. Chemical shift d and linewidth D for the 63Cu signals have been recorded referenced to a 0:064M CuClO4 solution in anhydrous AN. The copper quadrupole coupling constants (e2Qq=h) have been calculated in all cases. The variation of the d and e2Qq=h values as a function of mol fraction of the co-solvent sh
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18

HUANG, GUI-QIANG, and SONG LI. "Review of the genus Falsotrachystola Breuning, 1950 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae: Morimopsini)." Zootaxa 4555, no. 1 (2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.3.

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A taxonomic review of the genus Falsotrachystola Breuning, 1950 is presented. A new species, Falsotrachystola dongi sp. nov., is described from Yunnan, southwest China. A redescription and discussion on elytral spot variation of Falsotrachystola asidiformis (Pic, 1915) are provided. Falsotrachystola is redescribed and a key to known species is presented.
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19

Rached, Bouchaib, Mustapha Elharoussi, and Elhassane Abdelmounim. "Design and investigations of MPPT strategies for a wind energy conversion system based on doubly fed induction generator." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 10, no. 5 (2020): 4770. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v10i5.pp4770-4781.

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The purpose of this work is to design and to discuss various strategies to optimize the production of a wind energy conversion chain based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), by capturing the maximum power at the wind turbine, using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and pitch control. The proposed controls allow the generator to monitor the optimal operating points of the turbines regardless of wind speed variations, system parameters disturbance, and parameters variation. Simulation of WECS based on a 1.5 MW wound rotor induction generator under MATLAB/SIMULINK is carried out usin
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20

Halder, T., M. E. Hoque, M. M. Islam, L. Ali, and A. K. Chowdhury. "Morphomolecular Characterization of Local Boro Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Germplasm." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 29, no. 2 (2016): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v29i2.33941.

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An investigation was carried out to analysis the genetic diversity of 12 Bangladeshi local Boro rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm using morphological traits and molecular markers. Eight morphological traits (viz., days to 50 percent flowering, growth duration, plant height, filled grain/panicle, 1000 grain weight and grain yield) and eight Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used for this analysis. The plant morphological traits exhibited more variation among the genotypes tested. Several traits were found to be significantly positive in correlation coefficient analysis and thus those tra
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Bagmohammadi, Hamed, Mohammadhadi Pahlevani, Asadollah Ahmadikhah, and Seyed Esmaeil Razavi. "Genetic Variation of Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) and Related Species Revealed by ISSR Analysis." Plant Breeding and Seed Science 66, no. 1 (2014): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10129-011-0064-4.

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Abstract Genetic diversity of eight genotypes of Carthamus tinctorius L., two populations of C. oxyacanthus, and one population of C. lanatus was investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. All samples were uniquely distinguished by 10 ISSR primers with 144 bands which generated 100% polymorphism. Furthermore, the ISSR markers could separate three safflower species properly, that highlights the effectiveness of this marker system for phylogenetic studies. The most and least informative primers were ISSR9 (PIC=0.367) and ISSR2 (PIC=0.254), and some primers were more efficien
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22

Benstâli, Wafà, and Ahmed Belasri. "Optimization of the Plasma Display Panel Characteristics with PIC-MCC Method." Advanced Materials Research 227 (April 2011): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.227.148.

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In this paper, we present Plasma Display Panel (PDP) cell discharge using a 1D Particle in Cell with Monte Carlo Collisions model. The effect of gas pressure on the PDP characteristics including current density, voltage margins and energy balance is then studied in order to show the optimized conditions to obtain more energy dissipated in xenon excitation. The results show, at first, the spatiotemporal variation of the electric field and charges densities. It is also seen that for more important gas pressure, there is an increase of the current density, voltage margins and the energy deposited
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23

Liu, Ying, Fei Yi, Guijuan Yang, et al. "Geographic population genetic structure and diversity of Sophora moorcroftiana based on genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)." PeerJ 8 (August 6, 2020): e9609. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9609.

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Sophora moorcroftiana is a perennial leguminous low shrub endemic to the Yarlung Zangbo River basin in Tibet with irreplaceable economic and ecological value. To determine the drivers of evolution in this species, 225 individuals belonging to 15 populations from different geographic locations were sampled, and population genetics was studied using high-throughput genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Based on genetic diversity analysis, phylogenetic analysis, principal component analysis, and structure analysis, 15 natural populations were clustered into the following five subgroups: subgroup I (Shi
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24

Moncada, Pilar, and Susan McCouch. "Simple sequence repeat diversity in diploid and tetraploid Coffea species." Genome 47, no. 3 (2004): 501–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g03-129.

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Thirty-four fluorescently labeled microsatellite markers were used to assess genetic diversity in a set of 30 Coffea accessions from the CENICAFE germplasm bank in Colombia. The plant material included one sample per accession of seven East African accessions representing five diploid species and 23 wild and cultivated tetraploid accessions of Coffea arabica from Africa, Indonesia, and South America. More allelic diversity was detected among the five diploid species than among the 23 tetraploid genotypes. The diploid species averaged 3.6 alleles/locus and had an average polymorphism informatio
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25

Ma, Zhijie, Xiaoting Xia, Shengmei Chen, Ma Bai, Chuzhao Lei, and Jianlin Han. "A Global Analysis of Y-STR INRA189 Polymorphism in Chinese Domestic Yak Breeds/Populations." Animals 10, no. 3 (2020): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10030393.

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The objective of this study was to probe into the polymorphism of Y-STR INRA189 and identify the geographical distribution pattern of its alleles in the Chinese domestic yak gene pool. We examined the variation at INRA189 locus in 682 male yaks representing 15 breeds/populations in China. The results showed that six alleles, including five reported previously (149, 155, 157, 159, and 161 bp) and a new one identified in this study (139 bp), were detected at INRA189 locus based on genotyping analysis. The frequencies of six alleles varied among the 15 yak breeds/populations with a clear phylogeo
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26

Giga, D. P., and G. Moyo. "Variation in susceptibility of some Vigna taxa to infestation by Callosobruchus rhodesianus (Pic.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 13, no. 02 (1992): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742758400014387.

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27

Menegassi, Silvio Renato Oliveira, Gabriel Ribas Pereira, Paulo Ricardo Loss Aguiar, et al. "Candidate genes related to reproductive traits of Hereford and Braford bulls." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 3 (2018): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n3p1335.

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This study emphasized the importance of using candidate genes in predicting semen quality in bulls that can be used in cow-calf production. The aim of this study was to evaluate some candidate genes related to reproductive traits in Braford and Hereford bulls. All bulls (n=188) were submitted to breeding soundness evaluations at 24, 28, 32, and 36 months of age. The microsatellite markers ILSTS002 and BMS3004 associated with the luteinizing hormone-? (LH?) gene, IDVGA-51 to leptin (LEP) gene, HEL5 and AFZ1 within the IGF-IR gene, and two SNP markers (LHR and FSHR) associated with the LHR and F
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28

Cherrington, Emil A. "BRDF-CORRECTED VEGETATION INDICES CONFIRM SEASONAL PATTERN IN GREENING OF FRENCH GUIANA’S FORESTS." Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection 1, no. 211-212 (2020): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52638/rfpt.2015.536.

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Parmi les outils de caractérisation de la dynamique forestière, la télédétection est particulièrement adaptée pourl’observation des vastes surfaces forestières de Guyane d’accès difficile. Dans le but de réévaluer les hypothèses énoncées dans des études antérieures sur la capacité des capteurs optiques embarqués sur les satellites à détecter la dynamique de la phénologie, nous avons compilé sur une période de 12 années divers indices de végétation corrigés des effets bi-directionnels de variation des angles d’acquisition (BRDF). Ces indices sont issus de 2 capteurs optiques: SPOT VEGETATION, e
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Moumouni, Dan Mairo Adamou, Ali Doumma, and Amadou Harouna Issa. "The Impact of Agro-Ecological Variation on Biological Parameters of Bruchidius atrolineatus Pic (Coleoptera-Chrysomelidae-Bruchinae)." OALib 02, no. 12 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1102183.

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30

Santaella, Gustavo Machado, Pedro Luiz Rosalen, Polyane Mazucatto Queiroz, Francisco Haiter-Neto, Ann Wenzel, and Rubens Spin-Neto. "Quantitative assessment of variation in CBCT image technical parameters related to CBCT detector lateral-offset position." Dentomaxillofacial Radiology 49, no. 2 (2020): 20190077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/dmfr.20190077.

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Objectives: To assess the effect of CBCT detector position (aligned/lateral-offset) on image technical parameters (mean voxel value - MVV, standard deviation of voxel value (SDVV) distribution), comparing peripheral regions of interest (ROIs) to the central ROI in CBCT volumes. Methods: 40 CBCT volumes of a wax phantom were acquired in six units with aligned and/or lateral-offset detectors: Cranex 3Dx (CRA), Ortophos SL (ORT), Picasso Trio (PIC), Promax 3D Mid (PRO), Scanora 3D (SCA), and X1. Four image-acquisition protocols used an aligned detector, and four a lateral-offset detector. In each
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Sharma, Rajan, S. P. Deshpande, S. Senthilvel, et al. "SSR allelic diversity in relation to morphological traits and resistance to grain mould in sorghum." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 3 (2010): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp09192.

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Allelic variation at 46 simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci well distributed across the sorghum genome was used to assess genetic diversity among 92 sorghum lines, 74 resistant and 18 susceptible to grain mould. Of the 46 SSR markers, 44 were polymorphic, with the number of alleles ranging from 2 to 20 with an average of 7.55 alleles per locus. Genetic diversity among the sorghum lines was high as indicated by polymorphic information content (PIC) and gene diversity values. PIC values of polymorphic SSR markers ranged from 0.16 to 0.90, with an average of 0.54. Gene diversity among the so
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Kaviriri, David Kombi, Qinhui Zhang, Xinxin Zhang, et al. "Phenotypic Variability and Genetic Diversity in a Pinus koraiensis Clonal Trial in Northeastern China." Genes 11, no. 6 (2020): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11060673.

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Combining phenotypic and genetic characteristics in a genetic variation study is of paramount importance to effectively orient the selection of producers’ elite trees in a seed orchard. In total, 28 phenotypic characteristics and 16 microsatellite loci were used to analyze the clonal genetic variation, to characterize the genetic diversity, and to refine the genetic classifications of 110 Pinus koraiensis clones grown in the Naozhi orchard in northeastern China. All clones were significantly different in most traits. Most of the phenotypic characteristics showed great genetic variation among c
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Hyngstrom, Allison S., Michael D. Johnson, and C. J. Heckman. "Summation of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Inputs by Motoneurons With Highly Active Dendrites." Journal of Neurophysiology 99, no. 4 (2008): 1643–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01253.2007.

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We investigated summation of steady excitatory and inhibitory inputs in spinal motoneurons using an in vivo preparation, the decerebrate cat, in which neuromodulatory input from the brain stem facilitated a strong persistent inward current (PIC) in dendritic regions. This dendritic PIC amplified both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic currents two- to threefold, but within different voltage ranges. Amplification of excitatory synaptic current peaked at voltage-clamp holding potentials near spike threshold (about −55 to −50 mV), whereas amplification of inhibitory current peaked at significantl
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Talukder, Z. I., E. Anderson, P. N. Miklas, et al. "Genetic diversity and selection of genotypes to enhance Zn and Fe content in common bean." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 90, no. 1 (2010): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps09096.

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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important source of dietary protein and minerals worldwide. Genes conditioning variability for mineral contents are not clearly understood. Our ultimate goal is to identify genes conditioning genetic variation for Zn and Fe content. To establish mapping populations for this objective, we tested mineral content of 29 common bean genotypes. Chemical analyses revealed significant genetic variability for seed Zn and Fe contents among the genotypes. Genetic diversity was evaluated with 49 primer pairs, of which 23 were simple sequence repeats (SSR), 16 were
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Kirikci, Koray, M. Akif Cam, and Levent Mercan. "Genetic diversity and relationship among indigenous Turkish Karayaka sheep subpopulations." Archives Animal Breeding 63, no. 2 (2020): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/aab-63-269-2020.

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Abstract. The Karayaka is the most populous sheep breed in the Black Sea region of Turkey. In the present study, we investigated the intra- and inter-population genetic relationships among indigenous Karayaka sheep subpopulations. Nine microsatellites were genotyped for 64 individuals from Samsun, Ordu, Giresun and Tokat provinces. The average number of alleles (Na), allelic richness (Ar), observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), polymorphism information content (PIC) and inbreeding coefficient (FIS) for all subpopulations were estimated as Na=16.44, Ar=9.887, Ho=0.303, He=0
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Pourabed, Ehsan, Mohammad Reza Jazayeri Noushabadi, Seyed Hossein Jamali, Naser Moheb Alipour, Abbas Zareyan, and Leila Sadeghi. "Identification and DUS Testing of Rice Varieties through Microsatellite Markers." International Journal of Plant Genomics 2015 (February 8, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/965073.

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Identification and registration of new rice varieties are very important to be free from environmental effects and using molecular markers that are more reliable. The objectives of this study were, first, the identification and distinction of 40 rice varieties consisting of local varieties of Iran, improved varieties, and IRRI varieties using PIC, and discriminating power, second, cluster analysis based on Dice similarity coefficient and UPGMA algorithm, and, third, determining the ability of microsatellite markers to separate varieties utilizing the best combination of markers. For this resea
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Dharmarathna, Thanuja Dilrukshi, H. M. D. A. K. Herath, P. A. Weerasinghe, and H. M. V. G. Herath. "Inter Simple Sequence Repeat markers for analysis of molecular diversity and genetic structure of eighteen Dendrobium cultivars in Sri Lanka." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 6, no. 3 (2018): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol6.iss3.975.

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The genus Dendrobium is one of the largest genera in the family Orchidaceae having more than thousand species over the world with diverse morphological characters. Dendrobium is a popular ornamental plant with complex genetic background which emphasize on the species identification at molecular level. The present study was aimed to identify Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers capable of detecting genetic polymorphism to characterize 18 hybrid, commercially available Dendrobium cultivars. Genomic DNA of each cultivar was extracted using CTAB method. A total of 17 different ISSR primers
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Nagl, Nevena, Ksenija Taski-Ajdukovic, Andrea Popovic, Zivko Curcic, Dario Danojevic, and Lazar Kovacev. "Estimation of genetic variation among related sugar beet genotypes by using RAPD." Genetika 43, no. 3 (2011): 575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1103575n.

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In marker assisted breeding programs, determination of genome polymorphism and development of suitable molecular markers is of the greatest importance. The aim of this research was development of RAPD markers, which will enable quick and cost efficient DNA polymorphism analysis among closely related sugar beet genotypes. The research was conducted on twelve sugar beet genotypes from population of closely related genotypes. Reactions with eight RAPD primers and five primer mixtures resulted in stable and reproducible bands in all samples, with 44 polymorphic and 14 monomorphic loci, and average
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Saidi, Abbas, Zahra Daneshvar, and Zohreh Hajibarat. "Comparison of Genetic Variation of Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum) Cultivars Using SCoT, CDDP and RAPD Markers." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 28, no. 2 (2018): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v28i2.39676.

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To evaluate the genetic diversity among 10 cultivars of anthurium were performed using three molecular markers such as Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) and Conserved DNA-derived Polymorphism (CDDP), and Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Polymorphism index content (PIC) was calculated 0.39, 0.42 and 0.37 for RAPD, SCoT and CDDP, respectively. This result showed all the three molecular markers had almost an identical potential in estimating genetic diversity. Cluster analysis using SCoT, CDDP and RAPD divided the cultivars to three distinct clusters. The similarity matrix obtained throu
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BALLANTYNE, L. A., C. L. LAMBKIN, J. Z. HO, et al. "The Luciolinae of S. E. Asia and the Australopacific region: a revisionary checklist (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) including description of three new genera and 13 new species." Zootaxa 4687, no. 1 (2019): 1–174. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4687.1.1.

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This overview of the Luciolinae addresses the fauna of S. E. Asia including India, Sri Lanka, China, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, the Philippines, the Republic of Palau, Federated States of Micronesia, and the Australopacific area of Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Fiji.Of the 28 genera now recognised in the Luciolinae we address 27 genera from the study area as defined above, including three new genera which are described herein, and 222 species including 13 species newly described herein. Photuroluciola Pic from Madag
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Landjeva, Svetlana, Ganka Ganeva, Viktor Korzun, Dean Palejev, Sabina Chebotar, and Alexander Kudrjavtsev. "Genetic diversity of old bread wheat germplasm from the Black Sea region evaluated by microsatellites and agronomic traits." Plant Genetic Resources 13, no. 2 (2014): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262114000781.

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Old germplasm is an important genetic resource for enhancing modern crops with new alleles. In the present study, the genetic diversity of 52 historic varieties and landraces of bread wheat originated from the Western (Bulgaria) and Northeastern (Ukraine, Russia and Georgia) regions of the Black Sea basin was assessed based on microsatellite markers and agronomic characteristics. A set of 24 markers detected a total of 263 alleles at 25 microsatellite loci, with an average number of 10.5 alleles per locus and an average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.74. A total of 63 alleles at 22
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Hambálková, Lucie, Richard Policht, Jiří Horák, and Vlastimil Hart. "Acoustic individuality in the hissing calls of the male black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix)." PeerJ 9 (September 9, 2021): e11837. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11837.

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Acoustic individuality may well play a big role during the mating season of many birds. Black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) produces two different long-distance calls during mating on leks: rookooing and hissing calls. The first one represents low frequency series of bubbling sounds and the second one represents hissing sound. This hissing represents a signal not produced by the syrinx. We analyzed 426 hissing calls from 24 individuals in Finland and Scotland. We conducted cross-validated discrimination analyses (DFA). The discrimination model classified each call with almost 78% accuracy (conventio
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Wahid, Abdul, Fitriani Meizvira, and Yoga Wiranoto. "Application of multivariable model predictive control to overcome the intervariable interaction in CO2 removal process." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 03049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186703049.

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Multivariable model predictive control (MMPC) was applied in CO2 removal process in a natural gas treatment from an industry located in Subang field, which used chemical absorption. MMPC is a variation of model predictive control (MPC) which can account for more than one control variable at once and is classified in advanced control category. MMPC is expected to give a better performance in handling the process as well as being able to overcome intervariable interaction that is prone to happen in multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. MMPC was applied in the process to get a better proc
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FARAHANI, Somayeh, Reza TALEBI, Mojdeh MALEKI, Rahim MEHRABI, and Homayoun KANOUNI. "Mating type distribution, genetic diversity and population structure of Ascochyta rabiei, the cause of Ascochyta blight of chickpea in western Iran." Phytopathologia Mediterranea 60, no. 1 (2021): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/phyto-11616.

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Ascochyta blight (caused by Ascochyta rabiei) is an important disease of chickpea. Mating type distribution, genetic diversity and population structure A. rabiei isolates from western Iran, using specific matting type primers, and ISSR and SSR molecular markers. Two mating types were identified, with the 57% of isolates belonging to MAT1-1. Ten ISSR markers produced 78 polymorphic bands with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) value of 0.33. Seven SSR markers showed high allelic variation (four to seven alleles) with the average PIC value of 0.61. The generated dendrogram using n
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Zhao, Jianing, Jie Li, Fugui Jiang, Enliang Song, Xianyong Lan та Haiyu Zhao. "Fertility-Associated Polymorphism within Bovine ITGβ5 and Its Significant Correlations with Ovarian and Luteal Traits". Animals 11, № 6 (2021): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11061579.

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There is an urgent need to improve bovine fertility, and molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) can accelerate this process. Genome-wide association studies suggest that Integrin β5 (ITGβ5) might affect fertility in bovines. As a member of the integrins family, ITGβ5 can bind to the extracellular matrix and mediate various cellular processes. In our study, primers spanning six potential insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphisms within the ITGβ5 gene were designed and 696 ovary samples from different individuals, the vast majority not in oestrum were collected for genetic variation detection.
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Kole, Dr Pravas Ranjan, K. V. Bhat, Rekha Chaudhury, S. K. Malik, and G. Rajeshwar Rao. "Genetic Diversity Analysis in wild species of Pongamia pinnata (L.) using RAPD and SRAP markers." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY 4, no. 3 (2014): 442–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jbt.v4i3.4996.

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Bio -diversityrefers to the variations within the living world while genetic diversity is the sum of genetic characteristics within any species or genus. Genetic diversity serves as a way for populations to adapt to changing environments. With more variation, it is more likely that some individuals in a population will possess variations of alleles that are suited for the environment. Those individuals are more likely to survive to produce offspring bearing that allele. The population will continue for more generations because of the success of these individuals. The extensive literature surve
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Bovey, M., H. Bichard, and E. A. Bruce. "Genetic effect's on pork product composition and quality." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1988 (March 1988): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600017062.

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Genetic variation in pig meat composition and quality offers the possibility of manipulating both between and within line composition in order to Improve the end product. The extent of this variation has been evaluated on batches of PIC pigs sent to the Meat and Livestock Commission for carcass assessment and full side dissection. In the last two years, hind loin samples from these carcasses have gone to the Institute of Food Research, Bristol for taste panel assessment, chemical analysis, and measurements of fat firmness and androstenone concentration.289 entire males of eight pure lines (20-
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Terryana, Rerenstradika Tizar, Nadia Della Savitri Ayu Ningrum, Kristianto Nugroho, Darmawan Saptadi, Helmi Kurniawan, and Puji Lestari. "Genetic Diversity Analysis and Development of DNA Fingerprints of 20 Indonesian Local Chili Pepper Varieties Based on SSR Markers." Jurnal AgroBiogen 16, no. 2 (2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jbio.v16n2.2020.p45-58.

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<p>Chili pepper is one of the most valuable<em> </em>horticultural crops, widely cultivated in Indonesia. Analysis of its genetic diversity is needed to develop successful breeding programs of local varieties. Simple sequence repeat (SSR), a robust molecular marker used for genetic diversity analysis in plant species, offers potential, reliable DNA fingerprinting method to assess genetic variation and varietal identification of chili pepper. Fifteen SSR markers were used in this study to analyze the genetic diversity and develop profiling identification of DNA fingerprint of
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Soumaya, Rhouma-Chatti, Choulak Sarra, Moussa Maha, Chatti Khaled, and Chatti Noureddine. "Gene-Targeted markers to assess genetic diversity and population structure within Tunisian Phoenix dactylifera L. cultivars." Silvae Genetica 69, no. 1 (2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sg-2020-0005.

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AbstractGenetic variability in date palm genotypes collected from different regions of southern Tunisia was analyzed using a Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) marker system. Thirty-one accessions collected from three locations were investigated. One hundred and nine amplicons were produced among which 84 % were polymorphic. The PIC value and the Rp values testified of the efficiency of used primers. The percentage of polymorphic loci (Pp) varied from 44.57 to 83.70 %, Nei‘s gene diversity (H) from 0.175 to 0.273 with a mean of 0.228, and Shannon‘s information index (I) values ranging from 0.257 to 0
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Suárez-Contreras, Liliana Yanet, Michell Juliett Arango-Toloza, and Izquel Sánchez-Pabón. "Molecular characterization of mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) using ISSR markers." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas 14, no. 2 (2020): 168–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2020v14i2.9397.

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In order to establish the molecular diversity of citrus production systems from Villa Sucre (Colombia), mainly "Creole mandarin", the study analyzed C. reticulata farm’s samples using six ISSR molecular markers. A total of 61 polymorphisms were characterized, 42% of them were highly common, with a mid- average polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.42 indicating a high polymorphic variation. Molecular relations based in Dice coefficient and the UPGMA algorithm, showed the existing genetic relationships between the crop areas, grouping them in five separate clades and two main subgroups (MD
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