Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Variations de pratique'
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De, Souza-Dupuy Lucinéia. "La voix augmentée : variations psychanalytiques sur la pratique pianistique." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AZUR2036.
Full textThis thesis seeks to question the practice of a piano soloist – the interpreter of so-called “pure” or absolute music – drawing on several psychoanalytical reflections about music. In psychoanalysis, vocal or instrumental music is approached from the object of the “invocative impulse” – the voice. We perceive the “instrumental voice”, produced by the pianist and his or her instrument, as being a prosthesis of the singing human voice. We also draw on the notion of the “augmented human”, which first appeared in the 1990s, to form the hypothesis that music for piano is itself an augmented voice. The objective of the pianist is to be able to express him or herself through what we have termed the “prosthetic augmented voice”. To express him or herself through this “prosthetic augmented voice”, the pianist has to, first of all, transcend his or her own body. This is because the support of this voice is in fact his or her own body gestures
Verboux, Dorian. "Variabilités des pratiques et inégalités d’accès aux soins en France : le cas de la cancérologie." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0065/document.
Full textThis thesis addresses several issues: on the one hand we focus on medical practice variations; one the other hand we examine determinants of social and spatial inequalities in access to care for individuals with cancer.In recent years, high practice variations are noted by health public authorities. The first chapter wonders about the determinants of variations in the use of prostatectomy as prostate cancer management. Results indicate a strong positive influence of supply-side factors in both régions and départements.Reducing social inequalities in access to care is also achieved thanks particular scheme as the LTI system. The second chapter focuses on the determinants of health care utilization, i.e. GP and specialist physicians. For those, we differentiate between visits related (or not) to LTI conditions. Concerning GP visits, individuals with lower socio-economic status tend to have greater GP visits. Regarding specialist visits, results point out a clear influence of financial factors, especially for non LTI-related visits.Finally, since 2004 organized breast cancer screening program invites all women 50-74 to be screened. The aim of this chapter is to examine the potential influence of supplied-side factors (GP and specialist physician density) on the use of organized cancer screening in France between 2005 and 2012. Results show that a higher GP density is associated with higher screening rates. On the contrary, a higher specialist density tends to diminish the participation rate to organized screening. Results also underline the presence of a spatial effect which means that neighboring behavior in terms of cancer screening has an impact on the cancer screening rate in the observed area
Solal, Philippe. "Les styles de la raison : essai sur les variations de la raison pratique en sociologie." Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX10047.
Full textRapczyk, Nicolas. "Les variations infinies de la vie : relativisme culturel et rationalité des normes et des valeurs." Paris 8, 2010. http://octaviana.fr/document/157354938#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textThis thesis is about cultural relativism. The question is raised in the perspective opened by the philosophy of Wittgenstein and in the context of recent controversies it has aroused in the social and political sciences. The main ideas of the author (the autonomy of grammar, the internal relation of a rule to acts, the given of forms of life, the intrinsic normativity of the practice. . . ) are confronted with relativist views which appeal to the empirical diversity of cultures to conclude in favor of a generalized axiological relativity. I argue that Wittgenstein’s philosophy is not relativistic, in any sense whatsoever (conceptual, linguistic, epistemic, and so on) and that, on the contrary, it allows for a dissolution (in the sense of a philosophical therapy) of the problem raised by the relativist. In a first section, I concern with the status of ethics and the semantics of the normative statements in Wittgenstein’s early writings. The second section is devoted to the ‘rule-following paradox’ and to refute its sociological interpretations. I wonder especially what is that ‘we’ to which Wittgenstein refers when he speaks of an agreement in our forms of life and in our judgments. In the third section, I survey several contemporary versions of cultural relativism. Then I argue that a social philosophy inspired by Wittgenstein and his method of imaginary ethnography allows overtaking the opposition between relativism and universalism but doesn’t imply a dismissal of any idea of the universal if we conceive it in terms of an epistemology of radical comparison
Colin, Cyrille. "Étude des variations de pratique médicale après infarctus du myocarde et analyse du caractère approprié de la coronarographie : à propos de deux études d'observation en région Rhône-Alpes." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO1T249.
Full textRousseau, Anne. "L'hémorragie du post-partum immédiat sévère : étude des variations de pratique de prise en charge. Analyse des déterminants organisationnels et personnels." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC017.
Full textPostpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) still represents the leading cause of maternai morbidity and mortality in France. The PPH worsening to severe PPH can be explained by different factors: factors related to women, pregnancy and childbirth and / or factors related to PPH management. The quality of this management cannot be evaluated independently of either the environment in which it is given or the characteristics of caregivers who provide them. Observational studies have partially assessed the potential determinants of the quality of care for PPH management. The objective of this PhD thesis was to develop and validate a methodology to study discrepancies with good practices and to assess determinants related to the organization of care and / or caregivers. At first, we developed and validated dynamic case-vignettes with several steps, as tool assessing quality of PPH management. Then we used these case-vignettes to study variations in PPH management among 450 French midwives. Adherence to guidelines was low for pharmacological management. Finally, we investigated staff and institutional factors associated with substandard care. We showed both staff — i. E. Age, experience, and level of risk taking - and institutional factors ¬mortality and morbidity reviews — may be associated with substandard eare in midwives' PPH management. Our method proves to be a relevant way to complete the observational studies on the subject
Mahieu, Stéphanie. "Pour une anthropologie des variations religieuses : la recréation de l'Eglise gréco-catholique de Roumanie après 1989." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0137.
Full textBenmerikhi, Mohamed. "La coordination dans les organisations temporaires à forte intensité de connaissances : variations autour d’un projet de type “complex product systems”." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1A013.
Full textAlthough coordinating was addressed extensively in organizations and projects, it is much less studied in complex product systems (COPS) projects. Using a knowledge perspective, this compilation thesis addresses different research issues inherent to the process of coordinating using a qualitative longitudinal single case study design. Theoretically, we depict the multi-level character of coordination arguing in favour of a blend of emergent and planned coordination mechanisms. We then empirically demonstrate how, viewed as an artefact, a project management practice standard (the PMBOK Guide) ensures the coordination of spatially dispersed communities of practice. Thus, we characterize such relationship between an artefact and communities of practice as one of mutual constitution and co-evolution. We zoom in to a project participants level to depict the process of developing interdependencies by closing knowledge gaps. This results in dynamic shifts in actor and task interdependencies showing a flow of causality reciprocally between actors and tasks. Finally, we show that knowledge barriers to coordination are characteristic of COPS projects, and we outline how project participants overcome them using different artefacts imbricated with social action. This analysis provides empirical support for the idea that emergent processes of knowledge creation offer a complementary explanation for coordination problems. Thus, the present thesis provides a novel understanding of coordinating in COPS projects with notable contributions to the literature in project management as well as that on strategic management
Patton, Marie-Pier. "Variation inter-hospitalière de l'intensité des soins chirurgicaux pour les admissions en traumatologie : étude de cohorte multicentrique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67731.
Full textIn trauma, guidelines are moving away from surgical management. However, there is a knowledge gap on the influence of these recommendations on clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate the inter-hospital variation in surgical intensity in adults admitted for severe injury to any of the 57 trauma centres in the province of Quebec from 2007 to 2016, identify the determinants of surgical intensity and evaluate the correlation between hospital surgical intensity and clinical outcomes (mortality and complications). Surgical intensity was quantified with the number of surgical procedures. We stratified all analyses by the type of injury; orthopaedic (n = 17,001), neurological (n = 12,888) and thoracoabdominal (n = 9,816). Poisson multilevel models were used. We observed moderate inter-hospital variation in the orthopaedic population with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 14.4% (12.1-20.4) and low for thoracoabdominal (ICC: 2.7% [1.7-3.1]) and neurological (ICC: 0.8% [0.8-1.2]) populations. Surgical intensity decreased with age for all groups (p < 0.01) and, for the orthopaedic population, with trauma centre designation level (IV vs I RR = 0.31[0.17-0.57]). During the study period, surgical intensity decreased for neurological (RR = 0.76 [0.68-0.84]) and thoracoabdominal (RR = 0.74 [0.63-0.87]) populations. Negative correlations were observed between hospital surgical intensity and mortality for thoracoabdominal populations (Pearson correlation coefficient [r] = -0.32, p = 0.02) and neurological populations (r = -0.63, p = 0.09) and with complications for the neurological population (r = -0.71, p = 0.05), while complications were positively correlated with surgical intensity for the orthopaedic population (r = 0.35, p =0.008). The variations that we observed suggest a lack of standardization of surgical trauma care. A better understanding of the underlying causes of these associations is needed to improve the quality of trauma care.
Joannin, Delphine. "Les pratiques corporelles des filles et des garçons : socialisations sexuées et variations interindividuelles." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2513/.
Full textThe analysis of child socialization and constraints relating to the construction of gender within groups of boys and girls offers a new perspective on the plurality of gender patterns, often presented in a binary way. This thesis analyses the body socialization of girls and boys aged between 9 and 12. We analyse their bodily practices as "field observation" of the socialization process and we have focused more specifically on the role of physical activity and the role of "work of the appearance" on gender construction, and the process of incorporation. The demonstration is based on qualitative ethnographic data from a school survey, observations in sport contexts and a series of interviews with children, families and adults (teachers, sports instructors). The study has identified different "gender regimes" (Connell, 1987) in sports contexts and a several affinity groups in school. The joint effects of three instances of socialization (associative sport, school and family) are taken into account to explain the variability and the hierarchy of the identified models of masculinities and femininities
Arborio, Sophie. "Variation des savoirs et des pratiques : à propos de l'épilepsie au Mali." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0225.
Full textFontana, Lucile. "Variations, pratiques et représentations orthographiques chez les élèves de cycle 3 et leurs enseignants." Grenoble 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE39010.
Full textThe spelling pratices at the elementary school are the subject of this research. Along a first investigation, 32 teachers and 120 ten to twelve years old students had to discern and to accurate spelling variations. Through this work, centred on the perception and the respect of the spelling norm during an activity of correction, we have tried to resolve two main questions : -what are the most fluctuated areas for the use of the spelling norm concerning the teachers and their students ? -what happened to the propositions of spelling rectifications of 1990 ? "is a tendancy to a positive evolution discernible ? " in that case, what are the most concerned areas ? realised by half-directed talks with 19 teachers and 39 of their students, a second investigation tries to identify simultaneously the corrective practices, and the teachers and their students's representations for their relations to the orthography ; it also tries to find an answer to the persistency of the spelling mistakes by tempting to control the convergence or the no-convergence of the teachers and their students's representations
Mahaut, Lucie. "Dynamiques temporelles de l'assemblage des communautés de plantes adventices : interactions entre pratiques agricoles et processus écologiques au cours des séquences culturales." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCK004/document.
Full textUnderstanding how farming practices affect weed community assembly in arable fields is a core challenge of agro-ecology. Weeds are supposed to share particular ecological characteristics that allow them to colonize arable fields despite environmental constrains exert by farming practices. In addition, interactions between ecological processes operating during a cropping season (eg: abiotic filtering) and at the scale of crop succession (eg: temporal dispersal) are supposed to drive weed community assembly in arable fields. These two hypotheses have been tested in my phD work.First, we compared a pool of weed species to a pool of non-weed herbaceous plants based on several functional traits to identify which functional traits and which strategies best characterized weeds. Our result brought evidences that weeds are a subset of non-weed herbaceous plant principally filtered out in arable fields by disturbances such as tillage. Second, I proposed different expected diversity patterns according to the influence of temporal dispersal and temporal variation of environmental conditions within temporal meta-community dynamics. Then I tested these predictions and quantified the respective contribution of contemporary and past ecological processes on weed community assembly. To do so, I used long term weed monitoring Biovigilance Flore dataset. Results showed that weed community assembly relies on complex interactions between temporal dispersal and contemporary environmental conditions. In addition, weed extinction risk seemed to increase for strong temporal variation of environmental conditions. However weed seed bank analyses are needed to confirm this hypothesis. Finally, my results confirmed that weed community assembly is largely unpredictable. I propose that patch dynamics and priority effects may explain this phenomenon.To conclude, the work presented here shade new lights on how farming practices interact with ecological processes across temporal and spatial scales to drive weed community assembly in arable fields
Léglise, Isabelle. "Multilinguisme, variation, contact. Des pratiques langagières sur le terrain à l'analyse de corpus hétérogènes." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Institut National des Langues et Civilisations Orientales- INALCO PARIS - LANGUES O', 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00880500.
Full textDufour, Marie. "Les pratiques d'affichage : points communs et variations selon les disciplines et les modes de travail pédagogiques." Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30002/document.
Full textThis thesis research questions the material dimension of practices, especially that concerning the teaching and learning tools that are posters. The topic of my research is built into the analysis of the speech of teachers and the pupils. I try to identify their representations and views of the poster, as they say the practice, as they invest themselves according to the teaching methods they implement. The characterization of the poster practices according to the practical school subjects contribute to modeling in teaching and institutional spaces, in one of textbooks, teaching practices and pupils practices
Sow, Oumou. "La langue pulaar en France : variation des pratiques et des formes dans les interactions familiales." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H036.
Full textPulaar continues to be a well-transmitted immigrant language in France. However, a closer look at Pulaar forms and usage during family interactions shows marked generational variations. This stems naturally from differences in the language use of Pulaar immigrants from different geographical regions, who seek out suitable settlement sites in France based on relational networks. Earlier generations who migrate straight from villages and settle into ethnic communities tend to maintain an older and more archaic form of Pulaar. Newer immigrants from cities speak a more modernized form of Pulaar. Even then, the varieties of Pulaar spoken by older immigrants or members of the Kawtal Association - an association for the defense of the Pulaar language in France - are distinguishable from varieties in use in these speakerrs' regions of origin. In fact, contact with new realities on the ground lead to a different evolution of Pulaar in France. Notable in new Pulaar forms are neologisms, archaisms and semantic shifts
Istanbullu, Suat. "Pratiques langagières intergénérationnelles : le cas de familles transnationales plurilingues (Antioche, Île-de-France, Berlin)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF018/document.
Full textAlong with many French studies on migrant families’ multilingualism and international studies on family language policy, this thesis deals with intergenerational language practices within transnational families. The linguistic repertoire of these families living in Paris, Berlin or Antioch in South Turkey, where the oldest members were born, includes Arabic, Turkish, French or German. Drawing on a multisited ethnography with 13 families and 100 members interviewed, along with quantitative and interactional analysis of four corpora collected in two families in Paris and in Berlin, notions of language shift, transmission and agentivity are discussed. In this context where all the participants present different profiles and show varying resources in the languages used, we observe the use of all languages. Arabic is being used in particular by the youngest thanks to the phenomena of alignment by the oldest to the linguistic choices they initiate in the interaction. Turkish, in contrast, is more used in multilingual turns. The help of family members together with rewording and translating, fosters the role of goodwill between adults and the youngest family members, which enables the intergenerational communication and the use of heritage languages. This thesis is a contribution to the description of family language practices, approaches transnational families’ language policy, allows the documentation of Antiochian Arabic and contributes to the analysis of the trilingual heterogeneous corpora
Musso, Isabelle. "Tourismes à La Réunion : des pratiques affinitaires dominantes." La Réunion, 2004. http://elgebar.univ-reunion.fr/login?url=http://thesesenligne.univ.run/04_16_Musso.pdf.
Full textConseil, Jeanne. "Situations d'illettrisme et difficultés à l'écrit en Haute-Normandie : le cas de l'orthographe." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR084/document.
Full textThe following thesis tackles the subject of orthographic practices among persons struggling to write and more especially the illiterate adults. Illiteracy concerns 16-year-olds and over who, after attending school in France, have not yet mastered reading, writing, using calculus, and did not acquire basic competencies, as it is qualified in the adult training field. This study aims to find out more about the heterogeneity of this illiterate population, and more particularly to identify the competencies and difficulties that are linked to spelling. This thesis offers a description and a linguistic analysis on orthographic practices with adults who are struggling with written language. It shows that for the majority, they can actually put things in writing, even from an orthographical outlook. Furthermore, it delves into the understanding of the institutional means in place to help training illiterate adults, especially in the region of Upper-Normandy (France). All the analyses have for objective to draw didactic food for thought and suggest tangible tools in order to « read differently » than with normative terms, the orthographical practices that divert from the norm
Bouziri, Raja. "La variation dans les pratiques langagières des jeunes d'origine maghrébine à la Goutte d'or Paris XVIII ème." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0017.
Full textBoubli, Lizzie. "Ostinato rigore - destinato rigore, variante et variation dans le dessin italien : modes et pratiques au XVIe siècle." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010501.
Full textFavreau, Hélène. "PLACE DE L'ATTITUDE NORMATIVE DANS LE DISCOURS EPILINGUISTIQUE. LE LOCUTEUR NON-SPECIALISTE FACE A LA REPRESENTATION DE SES PROPRES PRATIQUES LINGUISTIQUES." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00666210.
Full textAndré, Isabelle, and THI THANH HANG DUONG. "Étude des variations salivaires post-radiothérapiques dans les cancers de la sphère O. R. L. Et conséquences pratiques en odontostomatologie." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN1D040.
Full textBriand, Olivier. "Influence des facteurs environnementaux et des pratiques agricoles sur les variations spatio-temporelles des niveaux de contamination de l'atmosphère par les pesticides." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10077.
Full textMoreno, Anaïs. "Le discours rapporté dans les intéractions : l'effet de la proximité et des communautés de pratique sur sa construction à l'oral et à l'écrit." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100064/document.
Full textP. Koch & W. Œsterreicher's works questioned the spoken/written opposition in terms of a continuum (proximity/distance) beyond graphic or phonic characters of interactions. The communication situation widely influences the construction of the discourse, and it allows for the medium to be overshadowed. From this model, we will deal with the construction of reporteed speech, more specifically with the direct reported speech (DRD) in ordinary written and spoken interactions. DRD is very frequent in these interactions and appears as a centrepiece of the speaker's involvement. He said, I said... punctuate everyday conversations and allow for the introduction of reported utterances.The study of elements and their manifestation in the context of DRD (reporting verbs, discourse particles, punctuation, pauses...) and the framework used to indicate quoted speech, will allow for a more comprehensive understanding of DRD functioning. We will try to give account of the correlation between the choice of the structure, the presence or absence of certain items and the communication situation. To carry out this study, we have built a heterogeneous corpus which consists of several spoken and written interactions with different degrees of proximity (interviews, spontaneous conversations, forum posts, chat, anecdotes Vie de Merde). The aim of this study is to understand the paramaters entering into DRD's variation (appeal and form), beyond the spoken/written opposition
Court, Martine. "La socialisation corporelle des enfants : différences entre garçons et filles et variations inter-individuelles : Les exemples du sport et des pratiques d’embellissement du corps." Lyon 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2008/court_m.
Full textThis work deals with socialization during childhood in two fields of practices : sport and body beautifying work. After having reminded that in these two fields of practices, individual behaviors are both gendered and variable among people of same sex, we show that the second type of variations (among people of same sex) are exactly as those of the first type (between men and women or boys and girls) socially constructed. In that purpose, we have interviewed 10-12 years old children and their parents, and we set out 13 case studies in which we describe in detail where (with who) and how (through which practices and which words) those children have built there bodily habits. By doing this, we bring to the fore some of the processes which are at work in bodily socialization during childhood
Riché, Anne. "Analyse des principales sous-populations lymphocitaires du sang déterminées chez l'adulte par cytométrie en flux : valeurs usuelles, principales causes de variation, intérêt en pratique médicale." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P200.
Full textFantognon, Comlan Xavier. "Analyse émergentiste des pratiques enseignantes en FLES : cas de l’appropriation de l’IFADEM au Bénin. Entre contextualisation, réflexivité et médiation." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA129/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis, situated at the crossroads of two domains – language and culture learning and teaching and learning sciences – deals with the way Beninese primary school teachers appropriated the IFADEM programme - « Initiative Francophone pour la Formation à Distance des Maîtres » (Francophone Initiative for Distance Education of Teachers), as a lifelong education environment in the teaching and learning of « French as Foreign/Second Language Learning ». Our purpose is to suggest new avenues aimed at improving the appropriation of this education environment. Our approach is based on a theoretical model of appropriation informed by a transdisciplinary theoretical stance and by the specifics of the context under study, but also on a triangulation method mixing questionnaire surveys, semi-directive interviews, self-confrontation interviews and observations of actual practises (situating). We try to identify the « indicators » of appropriation as well as the « effects » of the education environment on the « actual pedagogical practises » of teachers. Holistic theories of language learning – and more specifically bilingual education, translanguaging and the theories on oral skills development have given a foundation to the analysis and the comprehension of the research situation. The stability of our analyses, made possible by the choice of a triangulation methodology, confirms that the appropriation paths are determined by interdependency relations between factors of situational (contextualisation), relational (relationships with peers) and individual (self-system, reflexivity, epistemological distancing) natures. It also allows us to reach the following conclusions : the teachers who benefitted from the IFADEM training use it instrumentally and more specifically use the tasks they were proposed to improve the teaching of oral skills in and of French, in order to tackle the question of plurilingualism. These teachers are faced with several scale variations which engender constraints and tensions in their pedagogical activities, thus hindering the appropriation of the education environment. The analysis of the appropriation process in the light of emergentism and of complex systems of activity leads to the conclusion that the tensions generated by the implementation of the IFADEM progamm are part and parcel of its process of transformation. The absence of institutionalised and sustained feedback is the real hindrance to the appropriation of the education environment. In order to reduce these discrepancies in a positive way and to guarantee appropriation, turning to mediation and a task-based approach would constitute a middle way. In particular, it would allow the IFADEM environment to come within the scope of a co-evolutive approach, which is essential to the balance of systems. Taking into account all these analyses and adjustments helps this research to reach the elaboration of a model of appropriation
Visy, Gilles. "Le Colonel Chabert au cinéma : variation sémiologique autour de la transformation du texte en film : théorie, pratique et didactique sur "Le Colonel Chabert" et autres textes." Limoges, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIMO2011.
Full textMousquès, Julien. "Soins primaires et performance : de la variabilité des pratiques des médecins généralistes au rôle de l'organisation des soins." Thesis, Paris 9, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA090061/document.
Full textAccording to economic research, the general practitioner is considered as an agent that offered information and intellectual services in health to principals. Imperfect convergence between their objectives, like the presence of uncertainties and information asymmetries, lead the physician “to fix” the quantities, the effort and the quality of the care and services delivered. Based on three articles, this thesis aims at identifying the role of the characteristics of the general practitioners and of their practice organization, on activity performance. The first articles analyzes the determinants of the antibiotic prescription for acute rhinopharyngitis variability, the second evaluates the impact of team working with nurses on the quality and the efficiency of the care for diabetic patients, and the third evaluates the impact of multi-professional group practices on the activity and the productive efficiency of GPs and on the utilization of ambulatory health care and by their patients. These researches question the relative weakness of the ambulatory health care regulation in France in terms of health care expenditure containment policies in comparison with that bearing on demand
Issanchou, Alice. "Gestion de la variation de la qualité des sols par les agriculteurs : enjeux pour la rentabilité et la durabilité des exploitations agricoles françaises." Thesis, Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NSARE047/document.
Full textSoil quality is a major issue for the environment and the preservation of the agronomic and economic potential of farms. Farming practices have substantial impacts on soil quality; some are detrimental and lead to a long-term decrease in productivity. The objective of this thesis is to characterize the mid-term and long-term economic issues related to soil quality changes using theoretical, statistical and empirical tools and to propose a dynamic bioeconomic model that highlights these issues. Using the simulations of different economic scenarios, we seek to identify the levers that make it possible to preserve the agronomic and economic potential of soil. The model used is a dynamic optimal control model where the rational agent-farmer with perfect information maximizes his profits over time under a soil quality dynamics constraint. We consider two production factors: productive inputs (such as mineral nitrogen fertilizers) and soil quality, captured by the quantity of soil organic mSoil quality is negatively impacted by the productive inputs used by the farmer, who can invest in his soil quality (crop residue use, tillage intensity, crop rotation choice). Our results show that soil quality investment is a component of the farmer's optimal strategy. The farmer substitutes the ecosystemic functionalities of his soil for chemical inputs in response to the increase in fertilizers and energy prices. However, the mitigated results of our empirical model in terms of SOM final values show the importance of considering a large range of farming practices. Our results offer a ba
Ponnou-Delaffon, Vivien. "Fonctionnement de la Zone Critique en milieu agricole : cas du Bassin versant d'Auradé : variations hydrochimiques spatio-temporelles et bilans d'érosion." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0056.
Full textUnderstanding the hydrochemical functioning of the Critical Zone is a major issue of these decades, especially for water, nitrogen and carbon cycles interactions. The Montoussé agricultural catchment at Auradé (Gers, France) undergoes strong anthropic and climatic pressure on these cycles, and is one of the long-term perennial observatory of the OZCAR research infrastructure in charge of monitoring the Critical Zone in an agricultural context. This carbonate catchment suffers semi-arid-climate characterized by a strong evapotranspiration and high water flow conditions during spring, as confirmed by water isotopic data. The investigation of the temporal evolution of atmospheric rainfall and stream water discharge at long-term (15 and 30 years), middle-term (seasonal and annual) and short-term (nycthemeral land daily), and at a high frequency (10 minutes), revealed: (i) the origin of elements in the precipitations; (ii) the influence of increasing discharge and of flood frequency on the decrease of major element concentration; (iii) K and DOC, as indicators of soil organic matter erosion, favored by improved agricultural practices and increasing air temperature; (iv) calcite precipitation, nitrification, evapotranspiration and vegetation uptake processes. A spatial investigation of stream water chemical composition at the catchment scale, coupled with carbon and nitrogen isotopic signature, allowed to identify the origin of the elements and the hydrological and geochemical processes associated with weathering perturbations. Separation of stromflow hydrograph, discharge-concentration relationships and stables isotopes analyses (15N, 17O and 18O) highlighted the nitrate control by denitrification process, a preferential way of ion transfer by sub-surface water flow, whereas suspended particulate matter (SPM) was transported by runoff. The flood events contribution to total flux exportation represented 93% for SPM and 30- 47% for dissolved major elements. The major elements mass-balance (inputs-outputs) was dependent upon drainage. The net major elements exportation was close to the average of other catchments of the southwest of France, whereas SPM fluxes were close to those of Maghreb semi-arid catchments. Nitrogen fertilizer inputs contributed to soil acidification, have modified the natural carbonate dissolution and have increased the chemical weathering rate, inducing a 15% loss of consumed CO2 compared natural conditions. The soils from the Montoussé catchment are not currently in balance since mechanical erosion is two times stronger than chemical weathering. In the coming years, climate Change and agricultural practices will have strong implication for the carbon and nitrogen cycle dynamic. The Critical Zone observatories will thus have an essential role in the survey and the understanding of these perturbations in the next decades, as well as in supporting agricultural catchment management
Bergeron, Cindy. "Les pratiques préventives d’hommes de quartiers moins bien nantis en contexte de réadaptation cardiaque." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/22826.
Full textShahin, Fadi. "La diglossie et son influence sur la production langagière arabe : Étude théorique et pratique à partir de copies d’examen et d’un extrait télévisé." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040137.
Full textThis thesis is a field study on diglossia and Arabic language production. Since the article by Ferguson (1959), numerous studies have appeared, often criticizing the dichotomous vision proposed by this author.After tracing the history of the Arabic language from its origins to the present day, we have studied the works of Arabic-Speakers on their language. From medieval times until the Naḥda, were Arabic-Speaking linguists aware of the diglossic situation?Using this historical perspective as a point of departure, we wanted to demonstrate the extent of the influence of the low variety (vernacular) on the high variety (literary) in Arabic language production through two sets of language production, one written and one oral. With this in mind, we used exam papers of students of different levels: beginner, intermediate and advanced. For the study of the oral, we relied on a television extract.Can we make use of one variety without being subjected to interference from the second? This is the question that we attempt to address in this thesis
Lindholm, Maria. "La Commission européenne et ses pratiques communicatives : Étude des dimensions linguistiques et des enjeux politiques des communiqués de presse." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för språk och kultur, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-9818.
Full textThe thesis investigates the European Commission’s communicative practices in the light of the press releases that are distributed daily to the world’s largest press corps in Brussels and on the Internet to other journalists and the general public. The overall aim of the thesis is to describe the text production of one of the largest text producers in the world and to highlight the linguistic dimensions of the Commission’s communicative practices, which until now have received little scholarly attention. The study adopts a dialogical perspective on communication, where communication is understood as a dynamic process in which people interact in a given context. This means that the press releases are seen as parts of the production and distribution context in which they are embedded, both on a local level and on a more general institutional level. The empirical data on which the study is based comprise field studies at the European Commission and text analyses of press releases issued by the Commission and French and Swedish ministries. The press releases are analysed on different linguistic levels, text pattern and the use of tense, on the one hand, and composition processes on the other. As an example, the production of two press releases is studied in detail, in view of the authors’ comments to and motivations for changes to the texts. With its unique insight into how a press release is drafted step by step and by the different parties involved this part of the thesis is an important contribution to research on press releases, which only recently has become more oriented towards the production process. The results of the analyses highlight the fact that the Commission, to a greater extent than the national ministries, must substantiate its argumentation and make its initiatives more comprehensible, legitimate, and motivated. This finding may be ascribed to the more complex communication situation of the Commission, compared to the national ministries, which served as material for comparison in the study.
Fourar, Fatima Zohra. "Influence de la variable générationnelle sur les interactions langagières : changements linguistiques et conflits culturels entre générations en Algérie et en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0273.
Full textThe interactions and living together of generations aim to the sharing of public places and living spaces, on the scale of a family, a city, a social or cultural framework. But this does not prevent that there may be changes in the transmission of values and intergenerational traditions, with the introduction of new technologies, in the daily lives of individuals. Due to this mix of generations, urban/rural relations and the sharing of an appropriate space, private/public, gave rise to identity competition and a change in the language practices of individuals. Attias-Donfut (1995), Arrondel and Masson (1999), among others, admit that the mobilization of language resources, the know-how of actors in the prevention of social risks and the construction of collective responses, have a positive impact on social development.In this study, we gave priority to language sciences to see if we can address the issue of linguistic change at the theoretical and descriptive levels. Thus, we try to answer these questions: What is the impact of this new code or of this new popular French on the French language in general and on language exchanges in particular, between the generation of yesterday noted X (1960-1980) and today’s Y (1980-1997)? How do the speaker and interlocutor of these two generations respond to their language needs? What are the factors for the evolution of linguistic situations? How do they act? And what do they suggest? Finally, on what basis should we decide that the differences between linguistic situations are the product of changes and not substitutions/transformations? The objective of this work is to experiment with a theoretical modeling of the intergenerational discursive marks, relating to the characteristic facts of a generation, a territory, a linguistic change and language practices. Indeed, a language can exist only because its speakers preserve its existence through linguistic practices, represented and/or effective. Two different descriptive and analytical experiments were carried out to analyze and discuss the relationship between linguistic change and contemporary language variations, in particular linguistic and sociolinguistic awareness. A detailed study is proposed for this purpose. It includes: 1. On the Declared Language Practices (Representations) side, a semi-directive survey in the form of interviews based on two different pre-determined questionnaires with a separate audience in two different territories in Algeria, University of Batna 2, and in France, the University of Lorraine-Metz; 2. On the Effective Language Practices side, media representations, in the form of an analytical study of a variety and entertainment program, available on the TF1 television channel, Koh-Lanta «The Clash of Generations» 2017. We have identified the analytical grids of this program, located in time and space, as well as the intergenerational language practices as represented by the media
Sery, Johanna. "L'espace rural métropolisé face aux enjeux du « développement durable » : le cas de la communauté de communes Eure Madrie Seine, entre Paris et Rouen." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100169/document.
Full textWithin half a century, in France, the municipalities so far regarded as rural have experienced a strong demographic evolution which have tripled, or even quadrupled, their population, causing a disorganisation of their spatial structure. Those territories have to link recent national legislation which now implements a "model of sustainable development ” and local socio-economic dynamics. The aim of this PhD thesis is to understand how spatial planning could accompany the ecological transition in these metropolitan rural areas. The district council Eure Madrie Seine, (CCEMS : 23, Municipalities, 28 663 habitants, 191,2 km²), between Paris and Rouen, offers an outstanding field for scale and temporality variations study mobilising local resources, including natural, human. This survey study also considers a new level of decision and trans-territorial cohesion where local stakeholders feel in the action various representations of sustainable development.The first objective of this research is to examine how territorial data oh this council district influences the definition of sustainable development at the local level (needs of the localities, spatial planning strategies of local stakeholders). The second objective is to determine how the legislation framework affects the implementation of sustainable development in rural metropolitan areas, and in particular to analyse the spatial consequences of this complex process. Based on the assumption that territory and ecological transition are interrelated, the aim is to explore territorial interest regarding sustainable development: local action included in a global legislation framework trough a necessary territorial equity
Elias, Nada. "Pratiques funéraires et identités biologiques à Berytus et à Botrys à l'époque romaine (Liban, Ier siècle av. J.-C. - IVème siècle apr. J.-C.)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0070/document.
Full textDuring the first century B.C., with the rise of the Roman Empire, the Levant became the scene of cosmopolitanism where many heteroclite cultures would coexist. The new cosmopolitan society had Rome as its capital (Caput Mundi), and roads drawn up by the army linking the rest of the empire to its capital. Recent rescue excavations (since 2005) in Berytus (Beirut) and Botrys (Batroun) have revealed a considerable amount of unpublished data on populations who lived in the region during the four centuries of the Roman Empire until the early centuries of Christianity. Following an archaeo-anthropological approach, this thesis presents an assessment of eight funerary sites (n= 290) from the cities of Colonia Julia Augusta Felix Berytus and Botrys. Significantly, Botrys, unlike Berytus, did not have the status of a Roman colony. This research seeks to contribute to the history of these two cities. The purpose is to understand the populations of the past through the study of the skeletons, rituals and funerary practices as well as the organisation of funerary spaces. This study primarily reveals a cultural and biological cosmopolitanism illustrated by variability in funerary practices and in biological characteristics. These results suggest that at least two different groups or more coexisted in the Colonia Julia Augusta Felix Berytus. On the contrary, the biocultural data of Botrys skeletons reveal a less cosmopolitan city with less diversity shown on different anthropological and cultural levels. Indeed, the similarity of funerary practices, body treatments, grave goods and the organisation of the funerary space and biological homogeneity are indisputable in Botrys. Comparative analysis between Berytus and Botrys highlighted an existing biological heterogeneity at different scales between individuals of both cities. However, this diversity is contradicted by the homogeneity of the females of both cities during the 2th and the 4th century A. D
أصبح المشرق خلال القرن الاول قبل الميلاد، مع صعود الامبراطورية الرومانية، مسرحاً عالمياً تتفاعل فيه ثقافات مختلفة. ثقافات لطالما ميزت المشرق بسبب الغزوات واختلاط الشعوب منذ العصر الحجري الحديث. النظام العالمي الجديد جعل روما "عاصمة العالم" أو كما يقال باللاتينية Caput Mundi وبذلك رسم الجيش الروماني الطرق الى مختلف أصقاع الامبراطورية لتؤدي الى روما. كشفت الحفريات الوقائية و الإنقاذية الأخيرة في بيروت والبترون عن معطيات جديدة تخص الشعوب التي عاشت في المنطقة خلال القرون الأربعة من الإمبراطورية الرومانية وحتى بدايات المسيحية. تقدم رسالة الدكتوراه هذه دراسة عن الإنسان وعلاقاته مع الموت. وباتباع منهج أثري-أنثروبولوجي ستقدم تقييماً لثمان مواقع مدفنية في كولونيا جوليا أوغوستا فيليكس بيريتوس Colonia Julia Augusta Felix Berytus ومدينة البترون (ع=٢٩٠ ) والتي على عكس بيريتوس )بيروت) لم تحمل صفة مستوطنة رومانية .تقدم هذه الدراسة في المقام الأول الاطار الثقافي والبيولوجي والمشروحين بتعدد الطقوس المدفنية والاختلاف البيولوجي لمجموعتين او اكثر من المجموعات التي تعيش في كولونيا جوليا أوغوستا فيليكس بيريتوس. في المقابل المعطيات البيولوجية الثقافية في البترون تدل على أنها مدينة أقل تنوعاً ولا تحوي تنوعات انثروبولوجية وثقافية كبيرة. لذلك فإن التطابق في طرق الدفن وتحضير الموتى وأمكنة الدفن والتجانس البيولوجي هي مسائل لاجدال فيها بالنسبة للبترون. وبالمقارنة مابين بيروت والبترون من الواضح عدم التجانس البيولوجي الموجود على أكثر من صعيد فيما بين سكان المدينتين.ولكن هذا التباين مابين المدينتين مخترق من قبل تشابه الإناث في كلا المدينتين من القرن الثاني الى القرن الرابع ميلادي
Arimatsu, Yui. "Communautés locales de l’âge du Fer dans l’Iran septentrional : variation régionale de la forme, de la chaîne opératoire et de la fonction de la céramique non-utilitaire." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20022/document.
Full textAnalyzing the material from a mountainous region of northern Iran, we investigate the image of a local society during the Iron Age (Late 2nd - late 1st millennium B.C.). Although the peculiarities of the material culture of that region have been recognized since long, there are not enough comprehensive studies on the material culture, chronology, and precise representations of the societies.For this purpose, we deal with old data, some published other unpublished, as well as new material including a lot of unpublished ones that we have studied in Iran and Japan. Four main topics are treated: chronology, change and regional diversity of pottery, evolution of practices, and distribution of sites. Based on the results of these analyses and on the methodological framework and working hypotheses deriving from the results of ethnology, ethno-archaeology and sociology, we try to interpret the peculiar ceramics and the funerary practices, which are considered as representative of the material culture of Northern Iran, as well as the social organization which permitted to maintain the relationship between the populations who fluidly and dispersed lived in that area which presents various geographic conditions. Finally, one concludes that the social organization did not structure in local society in a stable manner.In the second half of the Iron Age, we can consider that, with the penetration of the new symbolic order, the local society which lived under varied natural conditions, modes of occupation and habitation and technical traditions have changed. During the same period, with the evolution of funeral practices towards simplicity, practices in public spaces and buildings extended over the region. In northern Iran, the Iron Age historically corresponds to the time of these structural changes in local society
Pierre, Louis Bartholy. "Quelle autogestion des pratiques sociolinguistiques haïtiennes dans les interactions verbales scolaires et extrascolaires en Haïti ? : une approche sociodidactique de la pluralité linguistique." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN20052/document.
Full textBased on an empirico-inductive approach, this research is an analytical description and interpretative synthesis of Haitian sociolinguistic practices from the perceptions of both French and Creole (co-official languages). Positioned way ahead of Haitian Creole and English, French is at the core of social demands due to its role in socioprofessional integration in Haiti. Because it functions as a second language compared to Haitian Creole – first language in Haiti – it generates discriminations, insecurity and security in school and extracurricular verbal interactions. In this context, Frenchified Creole as an index of school-goers' apparent double identity (CreoloFrench-Speaking) can not replace French. The self-management of Haitian linguistic plurality is then considered through « field » sociodidactics so as to reduce linguistic insecurity and facilitate educational success. The approach proposed in this study is « contextualised enunciative didactics ». It considers Haitian French as a construct from local, self-managed and shared linguistico-cultural ressources, and it allows to transpose the speaking learners' daily extra-curricular practices into ordinary school practices to liberate speech
Travay rechèch sa a ki chita sou yon apwòch anpiriko-endiktiv se yon deskripsyon analitik e yon sentèz entèpretativ pratik sosyolengwistik ayisyèn yo apati reprezantasyon fransè ak kreyòl (lang ko-ofisyèl). Pou wòl li nan ensèsyon sosyopwofesyonèl, fransè plase nan sant demand sosyal la devan lontan kreyòl ayisyen ak anglè. Fonksyon lang segond li parapò ak kreyòl, lang premyè an Ayiti, kreye fenomèn diskriminasyon, ensekirite e sekirite nan entèraksyon vèbal eskolè ak ekstra-eskolè. Nan kontèks sa a, kreyòl fransize kòm endis yon doub idantite sou po (créolofrakofòn) pou eskolarize yo pa kapab ranplase fransè. Otojesyon pliralite lengwistik ayisyèn nan antre nan yon sosyodidaktik « de teren » pou kapab diminye ensekirite lengwistik la epi fasilite reyisit edikativ yo. Rechèch sa a pwopoze kòm demach, yon « didaktik enonsyativ kontekstyalize » pendan l’ap konsidere fransè ayisyen kòm yon konstwi (siman) ki soti nan resous lengwistiko-kiltirèl lokal ki jere tèt yo epi ki se yon pataj ki kapab transpoze pratik bese-leve ekstra-eskolè aprenan lokitè yo an pratik eskolèòdinè pou libere la paroli
Partiot, Caroline. "Diversité biologique des enfants décédés en période périnatale et traitements funéraires au Kerma classique : Les exemples de la nécropole 8B-51 (Kerma classique, Nord Soudan) et des cimetières de Blandy-les-Tours (Xe-XIIe siècle, France) et de Provins (XIIIe-XVIIIe siècle, France)." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0252/document.
Full textDespite the high rates of child mortality in past populations, subjects deceased in perinatal period were often neglected in bioarchaeological and paleoanthropology studies. Unlike biological analysis on adults, investigations on newborns rarely include individual or populational variability comparisons as a major component. In the present work, we will focus on metrical and non-metrical diversity of subject deceased between 22 and 48 amenorrhea weeks, based on the biological study of 116 subjects from three archaeological collections (one kerma and two medieval and modern) and one current virtual collection with 364 individuals. The first research axis characterizes the intra-individual, inter-individual and populational variability, and differences by age at death in both samples. The second line of research aims to identify criteria making it possible to estimate individual morbidity and live birth on dry bones, informations that are needed to understand the child’s position in society. Biological studies reveal for the first research axis shape differences by age at death and populations, as well as the existence of directional and fluctuating asymmetries. Results provide evidences of strong biological proximity in the kerma group, potentially indicating of endogamy. On the contrary, the diversity of the medieval and modern group appears broader and could reflect socio-geographical factors or secular trends. The second line of research reveals the mechanical sensitivity of muscular insertions as a key parameter for tracking of live-born subjects. The study of the kerma collection provides the first archaeological identification of the supernumerary cervical rib, detected as a morbidity criterion in perinatal period. Lastly, crossing of biological and archaeological data on the 8B-51 necropolis provides an interpretative framework for funerary treatments dedicated to the perinatal age group in Classic Kerma
Atsé, N'Cho Jean-Baptiste. "Langues africaines, identités et pratiques linguistiques en situation migratoire. Le foyer de travailleurs migrants en région parisienne comme interface entre ici et là-bas." Thesis, Paris 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA030091.
Full textOur research focuses on relations between African languages, identities and linguistic practices in migration situation and draws on the work lying in the fields of linguistic anthropology and sociology of immigration. From land conducted in three outbreaks of migrant workers in Montreuil, a suburb east of Paris region, we explore the methods employed by the residents of these homes to communicate with others in relation to the context and interlocutors. Ethnolinguistic vitality of a language as the Soninke, the contact of African languages among themselves and between them and the French (the language of the former colonizer and the host country) in the other workers hostels migrants, with all modes of appropriation and reconfiguration of the reception areas are central to our thinking
Beauchet, Sandra. "Evaluation multicritère d'itinéraires techniques viticoles associant l'évaluation environnementale par Analyse du Cycle de Vie avec l'évaluation de la qualité du raisin. : Contribution au choix des pratiques pour une amélioration des itinéraires techniques viticoles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0078.
Full textGrape production from PDO wines (Protected Designation of Origin) is subjected to tender specifications, imposing requirements in terms of performance, as well as practices and products quality. In addition to these requirements, the winemaker must now make its viticultural technical management routes evolve, to improve its environmental performances. But, defining actions guidelines for the improvement of viticultural practices based on environmental assessments and grape qualityis very complex, since each one of these assessments provide a significant number of indicators. The aim of the thesis is to construct an evaluation method that takes into consideration both evaluating the environmental performance of viticultural technical management routes with grape quality and assisting the winemaker and advisor to identify practices to ensure the best compromise between "environmental performance" and " product quality". This method allows to analyze a technical management route as well as to compare it to others. This method was developed and tested on five technical management routes with differentiated practices, on the Chenin Blanc grape variety in the middle Loire Valley, for two years with contrasted climates.The study helped (i) analyzing the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results specifically for viticulture, (ii) showing the importance of interannual variability in the results of environmental assessment by LCA. The work also led to the development of a model to explain the grapes quality linked with viticultural practices, and soil and climate factors, to study the potential impact of a practice change, on the grape quality evaluation. The CONTRA-QUALENVIC multi-criteria method construction for viticulture is the main outcome of this study, and includes (i) the construction of decision rules and mathematical functions to meet them, and (ii) experts’ meetings to characterize the criteria to aggregate and weight. The CONTRA-QUALENVIC method has been tested by comparing it to other methods.To conclude, the CONTRA-QUALENVIC method is an effective method for decision support as part of a continuous improvement of viticultural practices towards a better respect of the environment, while maintaining the grape quality
Thomas, Aline. "Identités funéraires, variants biologiques et facteurs chronologiques : une nouvelle perception du contexte culturel et social du Cerny (Bassin parisien, 4700-4300 avant J.-C.)." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14401/document.
Full textDuring the 5th millennium B.C., the Paris Basin sees the emergence of the first necropoles and funerary monumentality. Associated with the Cerny culture, these vestiges offer a privileged insight into the social transformations of Middle Neolithic communities in France. Following an archaeo-anthropological approach, we present a full assessment of the Cerny population as a whole, according to the three types of sites (Passy type structures, extended flat sites and slab graves) and with regard to each necropolis. The sites of Passy, Balloy, Gron, Escolives-Sainte-Camille, Vignely (La Noue Fenard and La Porte aux Bergers), Chichery, Orville, Malesherbes (Les Marsaules and La Chaise), which comprise the bulk of Cerny skeletons uncovered (n=160), constitute the object of this study. The cross-referencing of biological and archaeological parameters is systematized and subjected to statistical reasoning, regardless of the scalar value. These results, combined with new 14C dates, provide a reliable interpretive framework. Intrasite analyses reveal different modes of selection of the deceased and, occasionally, codified grouping of burials into separate loci. The rank of the dead and their social status play a predominant role in the structuring of the sites. Two models of organisation, one of which is repeated in every necropolis, illustrate the social stratification operating within monumental structures. The presence of individuals of similar status in flat necropoles suggests that the social identity of individuals is not the raison d'être of monumental graves. Moreover, the duality of the Cerny culture, traditionally seen as two diachronic manifestations of this culture, must now be reconsidered. The clear typological distinction between the long passage tombs of the Passy type and the slab graves of the Malesherbes type is herein upheld on both funerary and biological levels, regardless of chronology, thus calling the Cerny cultural unity into question
Proulx, Raphaëlle. "Variations colorées d’une pratique mondialisée : l’appropriation culturelle du graffiti hip-hop à Montréal et à São Paulo." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4074.
Full textI propose to examine the local appropriation of hip-hop graffiti, a transnational youth expression, that originated in the East-Coast of the United States, through a micro and a macro perspective applied to a multi-site ethnography of hip-hop graffiti in two cities of the Americas, Montreal (Canada) and São Paulo (Brazil), among, respectively, French and Portuguese speaking graffiti artists. The micro level analysis will focus on the creative process by which graffiti artists combine imitation and transformation; and the macro perspective will bring into relief the complex ensemble of dimensions which influences the appropriation process in a given locality. Based on this double-leveled analysis, I shall 1) describe the similarities and differences between the hip-hop graffiti scene in Montreal and São Paulo; 2) identify key elements of the process of cultural appropriation; and 3) reexamine the notion that globalization results in cultural homogenization.
Cloutier, Danielle. "Stratégies d'apprentissage et variations de performance : du passage de la théorie à la pratique des étudiantes en techniques d'orthèses visuelles." Mémoire, 2013. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/5624/1/M12865.pdf.
Full textPoitras, Stéphane. "Pratiques cliniques des physiothérapeutes dans le traitement de travailleurs souffrant de maux de dos aigus ou subaigus." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17754.
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