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1

Laurikka, J., T. Sisto, J. P. Salenius, M. Tarkka, and O. Auvinen. "Long Saphenous Vein Stripping in the Treatment of Varicose Veins: Self- and Surgeon-Assessed Results after 10 Years." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 9, no. 1 (1994): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559400900104.

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Objective: To establish the 10-year results of long saphenous vein stripping in the treatment of varicose veins. Design: Single patient group study of patients who received surgical treatment for varicose veins 10 years earlier. Setting: Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Tampere, Finland. Patients: All men and a randomly picked sample of women were invited to attend for a follow-up examination; 81% (52 men, 74 women) participated. Intervention: Long saphenous vein stripping in all Patients. Main outcome measures: The presence of visible varicose veins as graded in four categories b
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2

Rusyn, V. I., F. M. Pavuk, M. I. Borsenko, N. M. Popovych, and V. V. Rusyn. "Long-term results of treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities." Ukrainian Journal of Clinical Surgery 92, no. 2 (2025): 27–33. https://doi.org/10.26779/2786-832x.2025.2.27.

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Objective. To improve the results of standard treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities, to evaluate the effectiveness of sclerosurgical and surgical interventions in the long-term postoperative period. Materials and methods. The results of the examination and treatment of 228 patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities in the surgical clinic of the Transcarpathian Regional Clinical Hospital named after Andriy Novak from 2012 to 2015 were analyzed. The study included patients with varicose veins of classes C2-C6 according to the CEAP classification, in whom sclerotherapy w
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Vasic, Dragan, Lazar Davidovic, Zivan Maksimovic, Aleksandra Crni, Miroslav Markovic, and Sinisa Pejkic. "Primary varicose veins: Frequency, clinical significance and surgical treatment." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 132, no. 11-12 (2004): 398–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0412398v.

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INTRODUCTION According to the definition of the World Health Organization, varicose veins represent abnormally enlarged superficial veins having baggy or cylindrical shape. The most frequent cause of primary varicose veins is the insufficiency of long saphenous vein (LSV), but especially the basin of its connection with femoral vein and perforating veins. OBJECTIVE The objectives of these investigations were: the determination of insufficiency incidence of SSV in cases of LSV insufficiency; the establishment of association of insufficiency of perforating veins of the basin of LSV and SSV; the
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Shah, Santosh, Sumod Koirala, Saroj Pradhan, and Ashok Pradhan. "Surgical Outcomes of Varicose Veins at Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 4, no. 2 (2018): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v4i2.19085.

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INTRODUCTION: This study was conducted to analyse the surgical outcomes of varicose vein at Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Bhairahawa. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital based prospective study done at UCMS, Bhairahwa, Nepal over the period of one year, where all the patients who had lower limb varicose vein underwent surgery were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 25 cases of varicose vein were operated at UCMS from August 2015 to July 2016. The post-operative complications like pain, wound abscess, aching, itching were minimal. CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment by SFJ ligation with str
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Parihar, Shweta, ,. Sarswati, ,. Chattarpal, and Devender Sharma. "A Brief Review on Herbs Used in the Treatment of Varicose Veins." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 12, no. 1 (2022): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v12i1.5161.

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A weakening of the venous valves and walls is a common cause of varicose veins. Blood might flow back and pool in veins due to damaged valves, causing them to enlarge. Weakened vein walls are longer, broader, and less elastic than normal, causing valve flaps to split, resulting in increased blood pooling and twisted veins. Primary varicose veins are characterised by valvular incompetence and reflux, which have long been assumed to be the cause. Recent research, on the other hand, reveals that valve dysfunction may be preceded by alterations in the vein wall. This condition is referred to as "S
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Lees, T. A., and J. D. Holdsworth. "Assessment and Treatment of Varicose Veins in the Northern Region." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 10, no. 2 (1995): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559501000205.

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Objective: To identify the current practice of surgeons and variations between these surgeons in the investigation and treatment of varicose veins. Design: Questionnaire submitted to all surgeons treating varicose veins. Setting: All general surgeons in the Northern Region of England. Results: The response was 83% with 60 surgeons (85% of responders) treating varicose veins. Thirty-five per cent have a vascular specialist interest and treat 58% of all the varicose veins; 37% of surgeons complement initial assessment by clinical examination with hand-held Doppler examination. For long saphenous
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7

Zamboni, P., C. V. Feo, M. G. Marcellino, G. Vasquez, and C. Mari. "Haemodynamic Correction of Varicose Veins (CHIVA): An Effective Treatment?" Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 11, no. 3 (1996): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559601100305.

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Objective: Evaluation of the feasibility and utility of haemodynamic correction of primary varicose veins (French acronym: CHIVA). Design: Prospective, single patient group study. Setting: Department of Surgery, University of Ferrara, Italy (teaching hospital). Patients: Fifty-five patients with primary varicose veins and a normal deep venous system (ultrasonographic criteria) were studied. Interventions: Fifty-five haemodynamic corrections by the CHIVA method described by Franceschi were undertaken. Seven patients were treated for short saphenous vein varices (group A) while 48 patients were
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8

Gupta, Raunak Kumar, Dilip Kumar Acharya, and Sanjay M. Datey. "Study of the Clinical Profile of Varicose Vein Disease." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 8 (2021): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210802.

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Introduction: Varicose veins are part of the spectrum of chronic venous diseases and include dilated, tortuous veins of lower limbs, spider telangiectasia and reticular veins. Varicose vein disease is a very common problem of the western world and mostly their patients come for treatment because of cosmetic reasons. Indian scenario is different as mostly patients from lower socioeconomic strata of the society come for complications like ulceration, dermatitis etc. of varicose veins come for treatment. This problem sometimes results in chronic absenteeism from work, economic losses and change o
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9

Fine, E., and T. R. Cheatle. "Lichen planus following varicose vein surgery." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 21, no. 3 (2006): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/026835506778253364.

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Six weeks after varicose vein surgery, a patient presented with an intensely irritating, florid, purple, papular rash. This matched the line of long saphenous vein stripping and avulsions perfectly. A diagnosis of lichen planus was made by a consultant dermatologist and confirmed histologically by biopsy. Treatment with topical corticosteroids resulted in a dramatic improvement and the rash healed to leave pigmentation.
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10

Ahmad, A., M. Sajjanshetty, A. Mandal, and H. Hamilton. "Early arteriovenous fistula after radiofrequency ablation of long saphenous vein." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 28, no. 8 (2013): 438–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/phleb.2012.012010.

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A 75-year-old woman developed an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) between the common femoral artery and common femoral vein following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of left long saphenous vein. Failed coil embolization of the AVF was followed by successful surgical ligation. Awareness of the aetiology of this uncommon complication of RFA and its treatment options is important with the increasing use of RFA for varicose vein treatment.
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11

Popovich, Yaroslav M., and Volodymyr S. Kostiunin. "Minimaly Invasive Interventions in Acute Tributary Varicothrombophlebitis of the Lower Extremities." Ukrainian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 32, no. 2 (2024): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30702/ujcvs/24.32(02)/pk028-105112.

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Background. One of the formidable complications of varicose veins of the lower extremities is thrombophlebitis. The risk of developing venous thromboembolic complications remains high even when taking anticoagulants. Most authors do not even consider surgical elimination of the manifestations of acute superficial thrombophlebitis. The aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive surgical treatment of acute tributary varicose veins of the lower extremities. Materials and methods. The surgical treatment of 78 patients with acute varicothrombophlebitis of the tributaries of the great
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12

Hartmann, Karsten. "Endovenous (minimally invasive) procedures for treatment of varicose veins." Der Hautarzt 71, S2 (2020): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00105-019-04532-y.

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AbstractThermal ablation of saphenous vein varicosis has developed into a standard procedure for treatment of varicose veins. The clinical success of the endovenous thermal procedure is comparable to high ligation and stripping operations and a significant difference between these groups could not be detected in long-term analyses. The only difference is in the genesis of saphenofemoral recurrence detected by duplex ultrasound: neoangiogenesis occurs after high ligation and stripping operation and after endovenous ablation of the great saphenous vein a recurrence occurs predominantly via a res
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13

Hadzheha, Ivan. "Nearest and Long-Term Results of Surgical Treatment of Acute Varicothrombophlebitis." Archive of Clinical Medicine 28, no. 1 (2022): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/acm.2022.1.5.

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Introduction. Acute varicothrombophlebitis is one of the most common and dangerous complications of varicose veins of the lower extremities, as it is a common cause of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It develops in 30-60% of patients with varicose veins.
 Methods. The evaluation of early and long-term results of surgical treatment of acute varicothrombophlebitis in 234 patients with acute varicothrombophlebitis in the basin of the great saphenous vein was performed.
 Results. Depending on the prevalence of thrombotic process in the basin of the great saphenous vein, pati
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14

Myers, K. A., G. H. Zeng, R. W. Ziegenbein, and P. G. Matthews. "Duplex Ultrasound Scanning for Chronic Venous Disease: Recurrent Varicose Veins in the Thigh after Surgery to the Long Saphenous Vein." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 11, no. 3 (1996): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559601100312.

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Objective: To use duplex ultrasound scanning to compare limbs with recurrent and primary varicose veins and to identify connections between deep veins and recurrences. Setting: A non-invasive vascular laboratory in Melbourne, Australia. Patients: A study of 779 limbs with recurrent varicose veins previously treated by ligation or stripping of the long saphenous vein and 1521 limbs with primary varicose veins. Main outcome measures: Connections between deep veins and recurrent varices, reflux in superficial and deep veins, and outward flow in perforators as demonstrated by duplex ultrasonograph
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15

Chernookov, A. I., M. R. Kuznetsov, S. I. Kandyba, A. A. Atayan, Yu N. Lebedeva, and A. A. Ramazanov. "Concurrent surgeries in patients with varicose vein disease and ventral hernias." Russian Medical Inquiry 6, no. 4 (2022): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-4-164-170.

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Aim: to substantiate the feasibility of concurrent surgeries in patients with varicose vein disease and anterior abdominal wall hernias (ventral hernias). Patients and Methods: the paper presents the treatment results of 82 patients with ventrial hernias and lower limb varicose vein disease. The method choice and the scope of surgical intervention were determined on the basis of clinical and instrumental examination data. Commonly, Lichtenstein tension-free hernia repair in combination with crossectomy, endovasal laser coagulation (EVLC), varicose veins radiofrequency ablation (VVRFA) were per
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16

Ricci, S., and A. Caggiati. "Does a Double Long Saphenous Vein Exist?" Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 14, no. 2 (1999): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559901400205.

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Background: The incidence of reduplication of the long saphenous vein (LSV) reported in the literature is highly variable, perhaps due to the lack of a clear definition. Objective: To use ultrasonography to re-evaluate the incidence of LSV reduplication in healthy subjects and Patients with varicose veins on the basis of a new definition of this anatomical aspect. Methods: The presence of two parallel superficial venous channels in the lower limb was sought in a series of 610 duplex ultrasound examinations. The LSV was identified, by the ‘eye’ sign, running deeply in the hypodermis, closely en
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17

Mackay, D. C., D. J. Summerton, and A. J. Walker. "The early morbidity of varicose vein surgery." Journal of The Royal Naval Medical Service 81, no. 1 (1995): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jrnms-81-42.

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AbstractThe early outcome and morbidity associated with varicose vein surgery were assessed at six months post operation by postal questionnaire. Most cases underwent sapheno-femoral ligation, above-knee stripping of the long saphenous vein and multiple stab avulsions. A 73.8% response rate resulted in 155 replies, and revealed a high incidence (65.8%) of perceived complications within the first two weeks after surgery. The commonest of these were bruising, pain and numbness. Over a third of patients consulted their general practitioner (GP) postoperatively. Half of these required further mana
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18

Nelzén, O. "Great uncertainty regarding treatment of varicose vein recurrence." Phlebologie 43, no. 01 (2014): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12687/phleb2172-1-2014.

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SummaryIntroduction: Although varicose vein recurrence is common and 10–30 % of all varicose vein surgery is done for recurrence of some sort, there are very few studies that can guide us to the best re-treatment option. With the introduction of minimal invasive endovenous treatments there is a variety of possible options besides traditional open surgical techniques.Method: The Scandinavian Venous Forum held a symposium at the GSP meeting in Lü-beck 2012 and this review article is based on data from the presentations at that symposium. Further data has been added regarding new knowledge that w
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19

Karmacharya, RM, YR Shakya, and B. Shrestha. "Analysis of Consecutive Open Surgeries for Varicose Vein at Dhulikhel Hospital." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 12, no. 3 (2015): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v12i3.13716.

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Background Varicose veins are prominent dilated veins in the lower limb primarily due to disease in the junction between superficial and deep venous system. Operative treatment of such condition significantly improves quality of life and also demonstrably decreases the potential complications. We present with analysis of fifty one consecutive open surgeries for varicose vein at Dhulikhel Hospital.Objective To analyze consecutive open surgeries for varicose vein in terms of gender, age, presenting complaints, findings and post operative outcomes.Method All the cases posted for open surgeries fo
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Lane, R. J., C. McMahon, and M. Cuzzilla. "The Treatment of Varicose Veins Using the Venous Valve Cuff." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 9, no. 4 (1994): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559400900402.

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Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of venous valve cuffing for the treatment of varicose veins. Design: Three prospective studies were performed. The first study was the subjective and objective evaluation of venous valve cuffing in a series of unselected patients with varicose veins. Indications for use of the technique were defined in the first study, and applied in the second study, which focused on an evaluation of objective outcome criteria. The third study was an evaluation of the long-term effect of venous valve cuffing. Setting: Royal North Shore Public Hospital, Mater Privat
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Berridge, D. C., and G. S. Makin. "Day-Case Surgery: A Viable Alternative for Surgical Treatment of Varicose Veins." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 2, no. 2 (1987): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835558700200207.

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One hundred and forty-eight patients (164 limbs) who had varicose vein surgery by the same consultant surgeon 3–10 years previously were reviewed; 61 patients had surgery as an in-patient and 87 as a day-case. The patients were reviewed to assess the efficacy and acceptability of day-case varicose vein surgery. There were no significant differences between the age and sex ratios of the patients. However, twice as many operations in the in-patient group included stripping of the long saphenous vein above the knee (χ2 = 4.2, P = 0.04). Fifteen in-patients had bilateral vein surgery as opposed to
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Rautio, T., J. Perälä, H. Wiik, K. Haukipuro, and T. Juvonen. "Influence of Preoperative Duplex Ultrasonography on the Operative Procedure for Primary Varicose Vein Surgery." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 16, no. 4 (2001): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835550101600405.

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Objective: To evaluate the impact of duplex ultrasonography on the treatment plan of patients with uncomplicated primary varicose veins. Methods: Forty-nine consecutive patients (62 legs) with primary uncomplicated varicose veins were examined clinically and with hand-held Doppler (HHD) and duplex ultrasonography in an outpatient clinic on the same day. The plans for subsequent treatment were recorded separately after the two ultrasound examinations. Results: The accuracy of the HHD examination was 0.71 in the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) and long saphenous vein (LSV trunk). In fifty-six limb
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Zubritskiy, V. F., A. I. Chernookov, M. R. Kuznetsov, et al. "Surgical tactics optimization for the treatment of patients with relapses of lower limb varicose veins." Russian Medical Inquiry 7, no. 4 (2023): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32364/2587-6821-2023-7-4-225-231.

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Aim: to justify the choice of the most optimal treatment method depending on the cause, and clinical and anatomical patterns of the varicose veins relapse. Patients and Methods: treatment results of 157 patients with varicose vein relapses were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 39,8±0,3 years. 3 years after surgery, relapse occurred in 23 (14.7%) patients, in terms of 3 to 5 years — in 95 (60.5%), after 5 years or more — in 39 (24.8%). Different treatment methods were used depending on the individual clinical and anatomical relapse form of varicose veins. Anesthesia choice depended on the
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Novikova, A. A., I. B. Babinkina, G. P. Babinkina, O. V. Prokopov, and R. Y. Abdullaiev. "INTRAOPERATIVE ULTRASOUND NAVIGATION IN THE COMBINED SURGICAL TREATMENT OF VARICOSE VEINS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES." Kharkiv Surgical School, no. 2-3 (June 28, 2024): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37699/2308-7005.2-3.2024.51.

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Summary. Introduction. Varicose veins of the lower extremities are an urgent medical and social problem, which leads to the continuous modernisation of diagnostic and treatment technologies. Surgical treatment of varicose veins has been and will remain the main method of treating varicose veins for a long time [1]. At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, a tremendous breakthrough occurred in the treatment of varicose veins. The classical varicose vein removal surgery (phlebectomy, safenectomy) with its disfiguring skin incisions, pain after surgery, long hospital stays and prolonged rehabi
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Yasim, Alptekin, Erdinc Eroglu, Orhan Bozoglan, Bulent Mese, Mehmet Acipayam, and Hakan Kara. "A new non-tumescent endovenous ablation method for varicose vein treatment: Early results of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (VariClose®)." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 32, no. 3 (2016): 194–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355516638577.

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Objective This report aims to present the early results of a retrospective study of the use of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (VariClose®)-based non-tumescent endovenous ablation for the treatment of patients with varicose veins. Method One hundred and eighty patients with varicose veins due to incompetent saphenous veins were treated with the VariClose® endovenous ablation method between May 2014 and November 2014. The patient sample consisted of 86 men and 94 women, with a mean age of 47.7 ± 11.7 years. The patients had a great saphenous vein diameter greater than 5.5 mm and a small saphenous vein di
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Ohgi, S. "Operative treatment to thrombosis of long saphenous veins in primary varicose vein." Japanese Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 18, no. 6 (1989): 857–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4326/jjcvs.18.857.

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Jeanneret and Karatolios. "Varicose veins: A critical review of the definition and the therapeutical options." Vasa 40, no. 5 (2011): 344–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000131.

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This review intends to give an overview of the present therapeutic options for varicose vein disease. The definition of varicose vein disease and its recurrence are made and discussed with new aspects including duplexsonography assessment. All therapeutic approaches have developed and refined their treatment modalities, the open surgical as well as the endovenous techniques. In particular the “new” endovenous techniques are described with regard to safety and outcome, the published literature in this respect is summarized. The studies comparing the different techniques are listed, the prospect
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Darwood, R. J., and M. J. Gough. "Endovenous laser treatment for uncomplicated varicose veins." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 24, no. 1_suppl (2009): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/phleb.2009.09s006.

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Objective Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) of incompetent truncal veins has been proposed as a minimally invasive alternative to conventional surgery for varicose veins. Various strategies have been proposed for successful treatment and this study reviews the evidence for these. Method A Medline and ‘controlled trials online database’ search was performed to identify original articles and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting outcomes for EVLA. Information on patient selection, equipment, technique and outcomes were recorded. Results Ninety-eight original studies, including five RCTs,
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Behrendt, Christian-Alexander, Franziska Heidemann, Henrik Christian Rieß, et al. "Open surgical treatment for postthrombotic syndrome." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 31, no. 1_suppl (2016): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355516633016.

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The postthrombotic syndrome counts as a frequent long-term complication after deep vein thrombosis with approximately 20%–50% of affected patients after deep vein thrombosis. The earliest that diagnosis of postthrombotic syndrome can be made is 6 months after deep vein thrombosis. Most patients suffer from swelling and chronic pain. In all, 5%–10% of patients may even develop venous ulcers. The complex etiology consists of limited venous drainage because of chronic occlusions and secondary insufficiencies of venous valves inducing non-physiological venous reflux. Conservative management, first
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Smith, P. Coleridge. "Debate: Should persistent incompetent truncal veins be treated immediately? The case in support of the statement." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 30, no. 1_suppl (2015): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355515569432.

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Background Debate continues as to the best method of treating patients with varicose veins and which will lead to durable clinical outcomes. Many modern techniques of treating varicose veins rely on ablation of the saphenous vein alone or in combination with phlebectomy or sclerotherapy of varices. However, it has been suggested that methods which leave the saphenous trunk untreated may result in similar outcomes. Methods A search of medical databases was made for literature which compared the outcomes of saphenous vein stripping, sclerotherapy and modern methods of vein ablation. Synthesis Su
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Ibragimov, D. R., E. R. Minigalieva, A. R. Hafizov, B. A. Oleinik, T. M. Murasov, and A. E. Kaipov. "Case report of varicose veins treatment in patient with a prosthetic mitral valve." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 102, no. 5-6 (2024): 441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2024-102-5-6-441-446.

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This clinical case may be of interest in situations where a patient with varicose veins of the lower limbs and concomitant heart disease, who is on long-term anticoagulant therapy and is scheduled to undergo minor surgery, may present the possibility of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) against the background of warfarin use. Patient, G., 68 years old, with rheumatic combined mitral valve disease (mitral valve replacement in 2019, permanent atrial fibrillation), also had varicose vein disease of the lower limbs. History included acute cerebrovascular accident (19.01.2023). Duplex Ultrasonograph
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Wąs, Marcin, Aleksandra Latała, Natalia Zozula, et al. "Treatment Methods for Varicose Veins of the Lower Limbs." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 74 (June 21, 2024): 52561. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2024.74.52561.

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Introduction and Purpose: Varicose veins in the lower limbs are common, particularly among those with prolonged standing occupations, contributing to chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). CVI affects about 60% of adults, with varicose veins present in 25–33% of women and 10–20% of men, increasing with age. Understanding and addressing this condition is crucial as it impacts daily life and raises the risk of thrombosis. Effective treatments are essential to alleviate these health issues. State of Knowledge: Varicose veins result from a mix of genetic, hemodynamic, and vein wall factors. Family hi
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Zierau, Ulf Th. "100 Months Experiences With VenaSeal® Vein Glue: Long Time Follow - Up Study Conducted On 2912 Truncal Saphenous Veins In 1509 Cases." Angiology & Vascular Surgery 5, no. 3 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/avs-7397/100054.

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The paper is about long - time experiences in treatment of truncal varicose veins with the vein glue VenaSeal®: 100 months - follow up of 1509 cases and 2912 truncal varicose veins. Since 1999 years by now, varicosis has been increasingly treated endovenously. At the start, the rather inconvenient VNUS® Closure plus - procedure and the more convenient linear laser procedure were used, and these were followed in 2007 by the bipolar RFITT® catheter, the VNUS® Closure Fast system and the radial laser. These endovenous treatment techniques were followed by the Clarivein System and the VenaSeal® Sy
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Golovina, Veronika, Vladislav Panfilov, Evgenii Seliverstov, Darina Erechkanova, and Igor Zolotukhin. "Availability of the Great Saphenous Veins as Conduits for Arterial Bypass Surgery in Patients with Varicose Veins." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 24 (2024): 7747. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247747.

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Background: The great saphenous vein (GSV) has long been recognized as the best conduit for vascular bypass procedures. Concomitant varicose veins disease may be a reason for GSV unavailability either due to dilatation and tortuosity of the vein or due to its destruction during invasive venous treatment. Objectives—to assess the rate of varicose vein patients with concomitant lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) who have previously lost their GSV due to venous ablation. Material and Methods: A total of 285 patients (76 F, 209 M) with LEAD were consecutively enrolled. A total of 111 patients
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von Hodenberg, E., C. Zerweck, M. Knittel, T. Zeller, and T. Schwarz. "Endovenous laser ablation of varicose veins with the 1470 nm diode laser using a radial fiber – 1-year follow-up." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 30, no. 2 (2013): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355513512825.

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Background: Endovenous laser ablation is one of the most accepted treatment options for insufficient great and small saphenous veins. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of the radial fiber (ELVeS-radial kit™) for the 1470 nm diode laser in a 1-year follow-up. Methods: A total of 308 lower limbs with primary insufficiency of great and small saphenous veins or insufficient tributaries were included in the prospective observational cohort study. The primary efficacy endpoint of the study was ultrasonographic proven elimination of venous reflux after at leas
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Sarin, S., J. H. Scurr, and P. D. Coleridge Smith. "Stripping of the long saphenous vein in the treatment of primary varicose veins." British Journal of Surgery 81, no. 10 (1994): 1455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800811017.

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Chant, A. D. B., and P. D. Coleridge Smith. "Stripping of the long saphenous vein in the treatment of primary varicose veins." British Journal of Surgery 82, no. 3 (1995): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.1800820351.

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Bootun, Roshan, and Alun H. Davies. "Long-term follow-up for different varicose vein therapies: is surgery still the best?" Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 31, no. 1_suppl (2016): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355516632438.

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Management of varicose vein disease has changed drastically over the past decades. Since its introduction in vein practice, surgery has gone through several stages of evolution until the method of ligation with stripping eventually became and remained the standard for a long time. It was found to be effective at treating the condition and, indications of its beneficial impact on patients’ quality of life soon also became evident. However, being associated with significant morbidity, surgery gradually fell out of favour, especially, once the newer endovenous techniques were launched around the
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Satokawa, H., S. Hoshino, T. Igari, S. Takase, and T. Ogawa. "Angioscopic External Valvuloplasty in the Treatment of Varicose Veins." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 12, no. 4 (1997): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835559701200404.

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Objective: To report on the surgical treatment of varicose veins by angioscopic valvuloplasty to preserve the long saphenous vein (LSV) and the efficacy of this method compared with conventional stripping and high ligation. Methods: A total of 306 limbs in 187 patients with reflux at the sapheno-femoral junction to below knee level were operated on using intraoperative angioscopy to diagnose valve insufficiency. Angioscopic external valvuloplasty was attempted for the subterminal valves in the LSV by three techniques: total plication of the dilated annulus by running polypropylene sutures (tec
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Galileeva, A. N., M. A. Parikov, V. B. Karpovich, A. A. Kotslova, and V. V. Davydenko. "Comparison of results of treatment varicose vein disease using a method of endovenous laser oblitetation with radial light guide and combined phlebectomy." Regional blood circulation and microcirculation 16, no. 1 (2017): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/1682-6655-2017-16-1-16-20.

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We compare the short- and long-term efficacy of endovenous laser oblitetation (EVLO) using a radial fiber with radial emission versus combined phlebectomy for the surgical treatment of varicose vein disease of the lower extremities. Participated 58 patients (46 females, 12 males) with ages ranging between 24 and 75 years with varicose vein disease of the lower extremities affecting the great saphenous vein (GSV) were prospectively enrolled in this observational trial. Patients were randomized to receive either combined phlebectomy - first group - 29 patients (33 extremities) or endovenous lase
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Kaperiz, K. A., A. O. Rastatueva, I. S. Yavelov, and O. M. Drapkina. "Comparison of endovenous laser ablation and conservative treatment in acute thrombophlebitis of the varicose great saphenous vein: rationale, design and first results of clinical trial." Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 21, no. 12 (2023): 3461. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2022-3461.

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Thrombophlebitis of the superficial lower limb veins is one of the most common complications of chronic vein disease. Nowadays a long-term (at least 45 days) subcutaneous injection of fondaparinux sodium or heparin in combination with elastic compression of the limb is recommended for treatment of superficial vein thrombosis with a moderate risk of thrombus propagation to deep venous system. However, long-term use of anticoagulants is not always possible and sometimes contraindicated. Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) around thrombus-free junction of great or small saphenous veins without subse
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Azatyan, K. A., Yu K. Belova, A. G. Vanyurkin, D. V. Chernova, and M. A. Chernyavsky. "Long-term results of minimally invasive treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities: the experience of the Almazov Centre." Translational Medicine 11, no. 2 (2024): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/2311-4495-2024-11-2-138-147.

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Objective. The purpose of our retrospective single-center study was assessing the long-term results of radiofrequency obliteration (RFO) in patients with varicose veins of the lower extremities and causes of disease recurrence. Design and methods. We included 406 patients with reflux in the great saphenous vein (GSV), who underwent RFO either alone (n = 81; 19.9 %) or in combination with miniphlebectomy (n = 284; 70 %) or sclerotherapy (n = 41; 10.1 %) during the period from 2013 to 2022. Results. Primary occlusion of the target vein was achieved in 406 (100 %) patients. 26 (6.4 %) patients ha
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Alhaibi, Yaser Aamer, and Yaser Hussain Mutlaq. "Radiofrequency Endovenous Ablation: A Safe and Effective Modality for Varicose Veins Treatment." International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 10, no. 03 (2020): 437–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.10.3.23.

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Varicose veins are dilated, tortuous superficial veins, causing aching pain, swelling, and cramps in the affected lower limb. The key behind having such a problem is venous insufficiency after valve failure in the involved dilated vein. Surgery was the standard procedure for removing these dilated veins. A new era of treatment emerged, where endovenous radiofrequency ablation is applied under local and tumescent anesthesia by the aid of Doppler ultrasound. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation in treating varicose veins. Our center is the first center in
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Eroglu, Erdinc, Alptekin Yasim, Murat Ari, et al. "Mid-term results in the treatment of varicose veins with N-butyl cyanoacrylate." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 32, no. 10 (2017): 665–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355517718761.

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Aim To present mid-term results of patients with varicose veins treated with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (VariClose®), a nontumescent endovenous ablation technique. Patients and method Endovenous ablation was performed on 180 patients with saphenous vein incompetence between May and October 2014. One hundred sixty-eight subjects capable of being followed-up for 30 months were included. Patients’ pre- and postoperative data were recorded. Results Procedures were performed on the great saphenous vein in 159 patients and on the small saphenous vein in nine patients. Saphenous vein diameters ranged betw
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Cabrera, J., J. Cabrera, and A. Garcí-Olmedo. "Treatment of Varicose Long Saphenous Veins with Sclerosant in Microfoam Form: Long-Term Outcomes." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 15, no. 1 (2000): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835550001500103.

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Objective: To determine whether the injection of sclerosant in microfoam form offers a clear alternative to surgery in large varices of the lower extremities. Design: Retrospective observational follow-up study (3–6 years). Patients: Five hundred lower limbs in which pretreatment duplex ultrasound demonstrated insufficiency of sapheno-femoral junctions (diameters 9–32 mm) and long saphenous veins. Main outcome measure: Obliteration and subsequent disappearance of treated veins. Results: After ≥ 3 years follow-up, 81% of treated varicose long saphenous veins were obliterated and 96.5% of superf
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Hirai, Iwata, and Sawazaki. "Comparison of recurrence rate and hemodynamic effect among various technical approaches for ligations of great saphenous vein in treatment of varicose veins." Vasa 36, no. 1 (2007): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526.36.1.23.

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Background: The aim of this study was to compare the recurrence rate and hemodynamic effect retrospectively among various technical approaches for ligations of the great saphenous vein in the treatment of primary varicose veins. Patients and methods: 455 limbs with primary uncomplicated great saphenous varicose veins, which underwent ligations of the great saphenous vein followed by sclerotherapy, were classified into 5 groups according to different ligation techniques. The recurrence rate and hemodynamic effect, evaluated by the photoplethysmographic technique, were compared among the 5 group
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Pandey, Sandeep Raj, George Bush Jung Katwal, and Sharad Hari Gajuryal. "Endovenous Ablation of Varicose Veins Experience at Tertiary Neurological Center." Nepalese Medical Journal 1, no. 2 (2018): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v1i2.21580.

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Introduction: Endovascular ablation of varicose vein either by radiofrequency ablationor laser delivers sufficient thermal energy to incompetent vein segments to produce irreversible occlusion, fibrosis and ultimately disappearance of the vein.Materials and Methods: Three hundred patients with varicosities due to primary or recurrent sapheno-femoral or sapheno-popliteal junction and great or small saphenous veinreflux underwent out-patient and in-patient endovenous thermal ablation between January 2015 to December 2017.The great saphenous vein was ablated from 2-2.5 cm below sapheno-femoral ju
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Chernookov, A. I., S. I. Kandyba, E. S. Silchuk, et al. "Endovascular laser coagulation in varicose vein relapses in the lower extremities." Laser Medicine 26, no. 2 (2022): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37895/2071-8004-2022-26-2-8-14.

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Objective. To study the effectiveness of endovascular laser coagulation in patients with recurrent varicose veins in their lower extremities.Material and methods. Outcomes after the treatment of 54 patients with varicose vein relapses in the lower extremities were analyzed. Under the tumescent anesthesia, endovascular laser coagulation was made: in 5 patients – stump of the great saphenous vein; in 22 patients – recanalized, residual and preserved subcutaneous venous trunks; in 27 patients – insufficient communicating veins of the thigh and lower leg.Results and discussion. In average, surgery
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Tang, TY, JW Kam, and ME Gaunt. "ClariVein® – Early results from a large single-centre series of mechanochemical endovenous ablation for varicose veins." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 32, no. 1 (2016): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355516630154.

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Objectives This study assessed the effectiveness and patient experience of the ClariVein® endovenous occlusion catheter for varicose veins from a large single-centre series in the UK. Methods A total of 300 patients (371 legs) underwent ClariVein® treatment for their varicose veins; 184 for great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence, 62 bilateral GSV, 23 short saphenous vein (SSV), 6 bilateral SSV and 25 combined unilateral great saphenous vein and SSV. Patients were reviewed at an interval of two months post procedure and underwent Duplex ultrasound assessment. Postoperative complications were r
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Boldin, B. V., V. Yu Bogachev, R. Abdoch, G. A. Varich, K. V. Komov, and A. A. Slesareva. "Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities and the current comorbid background." Ambulatornaya khirurgiya = Ambulatory Surgery (Russia) 22, no. 1 (2025): 83–90. https://doi.org/10.21518/akh2025-024.

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Introduction. Varicose veins of the lower extremities are a common pathology affecting about 25–33% of the adult population. The treatment of this disease requires studying the influence of comorbidities on the choice of surgical treatment tactics for varicose veins.Aim. To assess the degree of influence of comorbid conditions on decision-making regarding the method of surgical intervention and to develop an algorithm for a personalized treatment approach.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 500 medical records of patients who underwent surgical treatment for varicose veins was c
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