Journal articles: 'Varicus'

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Bouguerche, Chahinez, Daniel C. Huston, Thomas H. Cribb, Egil Karlsbakk, Mohammed Ahmed, and Oleksandr Holovachov. "Hidden in the fog: morphological and molecular characterisation of Derogenes varicus sensu stricto (Trematoda, Derogenidae) from Sweden and Norway, and redescription of two poorly known Derogenes species." Parasite 30 (2023): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2023030.

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Derogenes varicus (Müller, 1784) is widely reported as a trematode with exceptionally low host specificity and a wide, bipolar distribution. However, several recent studies have suggested that D. varicus represents a species complex and based on molecular evidence, four genetic lineages (labeled as “DV1–4”) have been designated within the D. varicus species complex. This possibility requires improved (ideally molecular) characterisation of specimens from the type-host (Salmo salar) and type-locality (off Denmark). During examination of trematode parasites of fish from Scandinavian and Arctic waters (Sweden and Norway), we found specimens of D. varicus in the stomach of Merlangius merlangus off the coast of Sweden, and in Gadus morhua off the coast of Sweden and Norway; we compared them to D. varicus from the type-host, the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from Norway, to verify their conspecificity. Newly generated sequences (28S rDNA, ITS2 and cox1) of Scandinavian and Arctic specimens consistent with D. varicus all formed a single clade, DV1. 28S sequences of D. varicus from S. salar from Norway, i.e., close to the Danish type locality, clustered within the DV1 clade along with sequences of D. varicus from various hosts including Limanda limanda, G. morhua and Myoxocephalus scorpius from the White Sea and the Barents Sea (Russia), without any host-related structuring. We thus consider that the lineage DV1 represents D. varicus sensu stricto. Additionally, specimens from M. merlangus had a similar morphology and anatomy to those of D. varicus from L. limanda, G. morhua and M. scorpius from T. Odhner’s collection, supporting the presence of a single species in the DV1 lineage designated herein as D. varicus sensu stricto. We redescribe D. varicus sensu stricto, add new morphological characters and provide morphometric data. We infer that D. varicus types DV2–4 all relate to separate species. We also revise type-specimens of Derogenes minor Looss, 1901 from the A. Looss collection in the Swedish Museum of Natural History and provide redescriptions of it and of the type-species of the genus, Derogenes ruber Lühe, 1900. In light of their morphological distinctiveness relative to D. varicus sensu stricto, we reinstate D. parvus Szidat, 1950 and D. fuhrmanni Mola, 1912.

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Tornabene, Luke, D. Ross Robertson, and Carole C. Baldwin. "Varicus lacerta, a new species of goby (Teleostei, Gobiidae, Gobiosomatini, Nes subgroup) from a mesophotic reef in the southern Caribbean." ZooKeys 596 (June 8, 2016): 143–56. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.596.8217.

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We describe a new species of goby, Varicus lacerta sp. n., which was collected from a mesophotic reef at Curacao, southern Caribbean. The new species is the tenth species of Varicus, all of which occur below traditional SCUBA depths in the wider Caribbean area. Its placement in the genus Varicus is supported by a molecular phylogenetic analysis of three nuclear genes and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. In addition, the new species has one anal-fin pterygiophore inserted anterior to the first haemal spine, which distinguishes Varicus species from most species in the closely related and morphologically similar genus Psilotris. Varicus lacerta sp. n. is distinguished from all other named species of Varicus by the absence of scales, having highly branched, feather-like pelvic-fin rays, and in its live coloration. We provide the cytochrome c oxidase I DNA barcode of the holotype and compare color patterns of all species of Varicus and Psilotris for which color photographs or illustrations are available. This study is one of several recent studies demonstrating the utility of manned submersibles in exploring the diversity of poorly studied but species-rich deep-reef habitats.

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Bouguerche, Chahinez, Daniel C. Huston, Egil Karlsbakk, Mohammed Ahmed, and Oleksandr Holovachov. "Untangling the Derogenes varicus species complex in Scandinavian waters and the Arctic: description of Derogenes abba n. sp. (Trematoda, Derogenidae) from Hippoglossoides platessoides and new host records for D. varicus (Müller, 1784) sensu stricto." Parasite 31, no. 26 (2024): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2024024.

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Bouguerche, Chahinez, Huston, Daniel C., Karlsbakk, Egil, Ahmed, Mohammed, Holovachov, Oleksandr (2024): Untangling the Derogenes varicus species complex in Scandinavian waters and the Arctic: description of Derogenes abba n. sp. (Trematoda, Derogenidae) from Hippoglossoides platessoides and new host records for D. varicus (Müller, 1784) sensu stricto. Parasite (Paris, France) 31 (26): 1-25, DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2024024, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2024024

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Bouguerche, Chahinez, Daniel C. Huston, Egil Karlsbakk, Mohammed Ahmed, and Oleksandr Holovachov. "Untangling the Derogenes varicus species complex in Scandinavian waters and the Arctic: description of Derogenes abba n. sp. (Trematoda, Derogenidae) from Hippoglossoides platessoides and new host records for D. varicus (Müller, 1784) sensu stricto." Parasite 31 (2024): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2024024.

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Several studies have shown that the euryxenic trematode Derogenes varicus (Müller, 1784) represents a species complex. Four lineages have been designated (DV1–4) with the DV1 clade corresponding to D. varicus sensu stricto. Herein, we investigate newly collected specimens of D. varicus sensu lato from Scandinavian and Arctic waters using integrative taxonomy. The trematodes were collected from Melanogrammus aeglefinus, Eutrigla gurnardus, Trachinus draco, and Merluccius merluccius off the Atlantic coast of Sweden and from Hippoglossoides platessoides from Arctic Svalbard. 28S sequences of derogenids from Sweden were identical to D. varicus sensu stricto, confirming its euryxeny. The 28S sequences of Derogenes sp. from H. platessoides were identical to Derogenes DV2 and differed from D. varicus sensu stricto by 3% and from Derogenes DV3 by 2%. The 28S sequence divergences of Derogenes sp. from H. platessoides with D. ruber and D. lacustris were 3 and 10%, respectively. ITS2 and cox1 divergences between Derogenes sp. from H. platessoides and other Derogenes species/lineages were at levels of interspecific differences. The species from H. platessoides is described here as D. abba n. sp. We also examined the type material of Progonus muelleri (Levinsen, 1881), the type and only species of the genus Progonus, with redescription and designations of paralectotypes. Based on specimens from Theodor Odhner’s collections at the Swedish Museum of Natural History, SMNH, Stockholm, we provide novel morphological and anatomical data for D. varicus sensu lato species complex. Lastly, we investigated Arthur Looss’s “lost collection” of Trematodes at the SMNH and characterised a putative species Derogenes sp. “limula”.

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Akele, David, André Boya Aboh, Gildas Idoleke, Damien Goudohessi, and Elie Montchowui. "Exploitation de l’escargot aquatique Lanistes varicus (Müller, 1774) dans la Basse Vallée de l’Ouémé au Bénin, Afrique de l’Ouest." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 4 (2022): 1608–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i4.20.

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L’escargot aquatique Lanistes varicus est activement exploité dans la Basse Vallée de l’Ouémé au Bénin à cause de sa chair qui est très appréciée par les consommateurs. Cependant, les données relatives à l’importance socio-économique de son exploitation sont quasi inexistantes. Pour évaluer l’abondance et étudier l’importance socio-économique de cet escargot, une enquête a été réalisée de juin à aout 2017 auprès des populations de la Basse Vallée de l’Ouémé au Bénin. Des observations directes et des mesures sur le terrain ont porté sur les techniques de collecte, les quantités exploitées (comptage et pesé des escargots) et la commercialisation de l’escargot. La technique de collecte utilisée dans la vallée de Ouémé est le ramassage à la main de l’escargot dans les plaines inondables. Elle est une activité réalisée essentiellement par les femmes et les enfants. Lanistes varicus est plus abondant en période de crue (densité : 7235 sujets/hectare) qu’avant crue (densité : 5360 sujets/hectare).Le poids moyen individuel de cet escargot a varié de 26,9 à 31,2 g. L’escargot ramassé sert à la consommation domestique et la commercialisation sur le marché sous régional d’Azowilissè. Le prix moyen de cession est de 80 FCFA/kg pendant la crue contre 90 FCFA/kg avant crue. L’exploitation de L. varicus constitue une activité génératrice de revenus pour les femmes et les enfants pendant la crue où les activités de champs sont réduites à cause de l’inondation. La biologie et l’écologie de L. varicus doivent être étudiées en vue de sa domestication. The aquatic snail Lanistes varicus is actively exploited in the Lower Ouémé Valley of Benin because of its meat, which is highly valued by consumers. However, data on the socio-economic importance of the exploitation of this species are lacking. To assess the abundance and study the socio-economic importance of this snail, a survey was carried out from June to August 2017 among the populations of the Lower Ouémé Valley in Benin. Direct observations and field measurements focused on collection techniques, quantities exploited (counting and weighing of snails) and marketing of the snail. The collection technique used in the Ouémé Valley is snail collection in the flood plains by hand. It is an activity carried out mainly by women and children. Lanistes varicus is more abundant during the flood period (density: 7235 subjects/hectare) than before the flood (density: 5360 subjects/hectare). The average individual weight of this snail varied from 26.9 to 31.2 g. The snail collected is used for domestic consumption and marketing on the Azowilissè sub-regional market. The average selling price was 80 FCFA/kg during the flood, compared to 90 FCFA/kg before the flood. The exploitation of L. varicus constitutes an income-generating activity for women and children during the flood when field activities are reduced due to the flood. The biology and ecology of L. varicus need to be studied for domestication.

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Fuentes, Katlyn M., Carole C. Baldwin, D. Ross Robertson, Claudia C. Lardizábal, and Luke Tornabene. "Two new species of Varicus from Caribbean deep reefs, with comments on the related genus Pinnichthys (Teleostei, Gobiidae, Gobiosomatini, Nes subgroup)." ZooKeys 1180 (September 20, 2023): 159–80. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.107551.

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Tropical deep reefs (~40–300 m) are diverse ecosystems that serve as habitats for diverse communities of reef-associated fishes. Deep-reef fish communities are taxonomically and ecologically distinct from those on shallow reefs, but like those on shallow reefs, they are home to a species-rich assemblage of small, cryptobenthic reef fishes, including many species from the family Gobiidae (gobies). Here we describe two new species of deep-reef gobies, Varicus prometheus sp. nov. and V. roatanensis sp. nov., that were collected using the submersible Idabel from rariphotic reefs off the island of Roatan (Honduras) in the Caribbean. The new species are the 11th and 12th species of the genus Varicus, and their placement in the genus is supported by morphological data and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Additionally, we also collected new specimens of the closely-related genus and species Pinnichthys aimoriensis during submersible collections off the islands of Bonaire and St. Eustatius (Netherland Antilles) and included them in this study to expand the current description of that species and document its range extension from Brazil into the Caribbean. Collectively, the two new species of Varicus and new records of P. aimoriensis add to our growing knowledge of cryptobenthic fish diversity on deep reefs of the Caribbean.

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Fuentes, Katlyn M., Carole C. Baldwin, D. Ross Robertson, Claudia C. Lardizábal, and Luke Tornabene. "Two new species of Varicus from Caribbean deep reefs, with comments on the related genus Pinnichthys (Teleostei, Gobiidae, Gobiosomatini, Nes subgroup)." ZooKeys 1180 (September 20, 2023): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.107551.

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Tropical deep reefs (~40–300 m) are diverse ecosystems that serve as habitats for diverse communities of reef-associated fishes. Deep-reef fish communities are taxonomically and ecologically distinct from those on shallow reefs, but like those on shallow reefs, they are home to a species-rich assemblage of small, cryptobenthic reef fishes, including many species from the family Gobiidae (gobies). Here we describe two new species of deep-reef gobies, Varicus prometheussp. nov. and V. roatanensissp. nov., that were collected using the submersible Idabel from rariphotic reefs off the island of Roatan (Honduras) in the Caribbean. The new species are the 11th and 12th species of the genus Varicus, and their placement in the genus is supported by morphological data and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Additionally, we also collected new specimens of the closely-related genus and species Pinnichthys aimoriensis during submersible collections off the islands of Bonaire and St. Eustatius (Netherland Antilles) and included them in this study to expand the current description of that species and document its range extension from Brazil into the Caribbean. Collectively, the two new species of Varicus and new records of P. aimoriensis add to our growing knowledge of cryptobenthic fish diversity on deep reefs of the Caribbean.

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Scott, J. S. "Digenean (Trematoda) populations in winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) from Passamaquoddy Bay, New Brunswick, Canada." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 7 (1985): 1699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-253.

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Examination of monthly samples of winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) from Passamaquoddy Bay revealed seven digenean parasites (Genolinea laticauda, Podocotyle atomon, Stenakron vetustum, Fellodistomum furcigerum, Derogenes varicus, Lecithaster gibbosus, and Steganoderma formosum) in the alimentary tract and two metacercariae (Stephanostomum baccatum and Cryptocotyle lingua) in the body surface tissues and gills. Prevalence of alimentary tract parasites ranged from 0.2 in S. formosum to 39.8 in P. atomon and intensity ranged from 1.5 for D. varicus to 7.0 for S. formosum (one fish). Monthly and seasonal levels of prevalence varied: high in spring and autumn and low in summer and winter for most species. Prevalence and length-frequency distributions of the parasites did not support differential migration by size group or diminishing feeding activity from spring to winter in winter flounder, as proposed in other studies.

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TORNABENE, LUKE, and CAROLE C. BALDWIN. "Psilotris vantasselli, a new species of goby from the tropical western Atlantic (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiosomatini: Nes subgroup)." Zootaxa 4624, no. 2 (2019): 191–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4624.2.3.

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A new species of goby is described from submersible and scuba collections off Bonaire and New Providence Island, Bahamas. A molecular phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear genes confirms the placement of the new species within the genus Psilotris of the Nes subgroup of the Gobiosomatini. The new species is easily distinguished from congeners and morphologically similar species of Varicus by its unique coloration, which includes eight narrow, bright yellow bars on the trunk, each with a small orange spot centered on the lateral midline. In addition, the combination of the absence of scales on the head and body and the presence of modified ctenoid scales on the base of the caudal fin, branched pelvic-fin rays, and 15–16 pectoral-fin rays further differentiates the new species from other species of Psilotris and Varicus.

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Scott, James S., and Shelley A. Bray. "Helminth parasites of the alimentary tract of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus L.) and Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum)) on the Scotian Shelf." Canadian Journal of Zoology 67, no. 6 (1989): 1476–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z89-209.

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Examination of the alimentary tracts of 272 Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L.)) and 71 Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum)) from the Scotian Shelf yielded a total of 25 helminth parasite species, 23 from H. hippoglossus (16 Digenea, 3 Cestoda, 2 Acanthocephala, 2 Nematoda) and 16 from R. hippoglossoides (11 Digenea, 3 Cestoda, 1 Acanthocephala, 1 Nematoda). Parasite prevalence and intensity were low (< 50% and < 10%, respectively) in both hosts, except for Derogenes varicus and Steganoderma formosum in H. hippoglossus and anisakid nematodes in R. hippoglossoides. Consideration of change in parasite prevalence and mean intensity in relation to fish length and diet suggests fish prey as transport hosts for D. varicus in larger halibuts, and crustaceans as the intermediate hosts for S. formosum before transmission to its principal host, H. hippoglossus. Geographical change in parasite prevalence and intensity was in the form of southwest to northeast clines along the Shelf, probably related to environmental factors. There was no evidence for stock differentiation in either of the hosts based on parasite fauna.

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Anto, F., K. Bosompem, J. Kpikpi, M. Adjuik, and D. Edoh. "Experimental control ofBiomphalaria pfeifferi, the intermediate host ofSchistosoma mansoni, by the ampullariid snailLanistes varicus." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 99, no. 2 (2005): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136485905x17425.

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Smirnov, P. A., and D. Y. Krupenko. "Reconstruction of Derogenes varicus miracidium (Digenea: Derogenidae): first ultrastructural description of spines on the surface of Hemiurata larvae." Паразитология 57, no. 2 (2023): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0031184723020023.

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We performed the detailed ultrastructural reconstruction of the “passive” miracidium of Derogenes varicus - the species from Hemiurata group. The miracidium is highly miniaturized and simplified in comparison with the “active” miracidia. For the first time we elucidate the nature of the spines on the surface of hemiuroid larva: they are derivatives of the epithelial plates. The anterior end of the larva is equipped with three epithelial plates, that bear both spines and cilia. The major part of the miracidial surface is formed by tegument. The nervous and excretory systems of the D. vari cus miracidium are extremely reduced. Single undifferentiated cell comprises the germinal material of the miracidium. We discuss the trends of evolution of hemiuroid miracidia that are associated with transition to passive strategy of infection.

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Al-Zubaidy, A. B., and F. T. Mhaisen. "First record of Derogenes varicus and Dinurus scombri (Digenea: Hemiurata) from Red Sea fishes, Yemen." Mesopotamian Journal of Marine Sciences 26, no. 2 (2022): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.58629/mjms.v26i2.178.

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Two widely distributed and economically important food fish in the Red Sea were investigated. A total of 101 specimens of Epinephelus tauvina and 120 Abalistes stellatus were collected from Al-Mehwat local fish market, Hodeidah City, Yemen, between October 2009 and April 2010 and examined for their parasites. Two digenean species of the suborder Hemiurata, namely Derogenes varicus (Müller, 1784) and Dinurus scombri Yamaguti, 1934, were found in these fishes. The former parasite occurred in 15% of A. stellatus and 4% of E. tauvina and its mean intensity of infection was 4.2 and 3.5, respectively while the abundance was 15 and 4, respectively. The latter parasite occurred only in 1% of E. tauvina, with a mean intensity of 2 and an abundance of 0.02. The present study represents the first record of these two parasite species in Yemeni waters of the Red Sea. In addition, E. tauvina now represents a new host for D. scombri.

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Scott, J. S. "Occurrence of alimentary tract helminth parasites of pollock (Pollachius virens L.) on the Scotian Shelf." Canadian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 7 (1985): 1695–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z85-252.

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Examination of the alimentary tracts of 456 pollock (Pollachius virens L.) revealed the presence of 15 helminth species or groups representing four phyla. Prevalence ranged from 76.6 in anisakid nematodes to negligible levels (<1.0) in some other species, with "ubiquitous" marine parasites Derogenes varicus, Hemiurus levinseni, anisakid nematodes, and Echinorhynchus gadi showing highest values. Changes in prevalence were related to a change from a largely crustacean diet to a largely fish diet with increasing fish length. Differences in prevalence of the more common parasites between the central and southwestern Scotian Shelf support evidence for separate pollock populations in the two areas.

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Landry, T., A. D. Boghen, and G. M. Hare. "Les parasites de l'alose d'été (Alosa aestivalis) et du gaspareau (Alosa pseudoharengus) de la rivière Miramichi, Nouveau-Brunswick." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 8 (1992): 1622–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-223.

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The parasite fauna of blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) were examined to determine their usefulness as biological indicators in the differentiation of these two sympatric species. Thirteen parasite species were identified from 100 specimens each of blueback herring and alewife from the main estuary of the Miramichi River, New Brunswick, of which 11 and 8, respectively, represent new host records. Significant differences (p < 0.05) in the counts of Mazocraeoides sp., Diplostomum spathaceum (metacercaria), Derogenes varicus, Anisakis simplex (larvae), and Echinorhynchus gadi between alewives and blueback herring reflect differences of physiological and ecological order between these two host species.

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Tornabene, Luke, D. Ross Robertson, and Carole C. Baldwin. "Varicus lacerta, a new species of goby (Teleostei, Gobiidae, Gobiosomatini, Nes subgroup) from a mesophotic reef in the southern Caribbean." ZooKeys 596 (June 8, 2016): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.596.8217.

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Smirnov, P. A., and D. Yu Krupenko. "Erratum to: Reconstruction of Derogenes varicus Miracidium (Digenea: Derogenidae): First Ultrastructural Description of Spines on the Surface of Hemiurata Larvae." Doklady Biochemistry and Biophysics 518, no. 1 (2024): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1607672924550015.

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Wallet, Martine, and Anna Kohn. "Trématodes parasites de poissons marins du littoral de Rio de Janeiro, Brésil." Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 82, no. 1 (1987): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0074-02761987000100004.

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Les Trématodes de 35 espèces de poissons marins, d'importance commerciale, collectés dans le littoral de Rio de Janeiro, ont été étudiés. Dix-sept espèces de Trématodes appartenant à 13 familles ont été recensées. Quatre de ces espèces sont référés pour la première fois au Brésil: Diphtherostomum americanum, Diplomonorchis floridensis, Pancreadium otagoensis et Neomegasolena chaetodipteri, neuf dans de nouveaux hôtes: D. americanum, Diplangus paxillus, Hurleytrema shorti, Lecithochirium microstomum, Morascus filiformis, Neolebouria multilobatus, P. otagoensis, Pleorchis mollis et Opechona bacillaris, une a été recontrée dans un hôte mentionné pour la première fois au Brésil: Vitellibaculum spinosum et cinq autres espècies sont déjà répertoriées: Acanthocollaritrema umbilicatum, Bucephalopsis calliocotyle, Bucephalus varicus, Parahemiurus merus et Tergestia pauca. Tergestia selenei est consideré synonyme de T. pauca. Les principales mesures sont données pour chaque espèce.

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El-Darsh, H. E. M., and P. J. Whitfield. "The parasite community infecting flounders, Platichthys flesus, in the tidal Thames." Journal of Helminthology 73, no. 3 (1999): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x99000323.

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The composition of the parasite fauna of the flounder,Platichthys flesus, retrieved from two locations in the tidal Thames is described in detail for the first time. The combined parasite species list of the flounders from Lots Road in the upper tideway and West Thurrock in the middle tideway consisted of one protozoan (Glugea stephani), one monogenean (Gyrodactylussp.), four larval digeneans (Cryptocotyle concava,Timoniella imbutiforme,T. praeterita, andLabratrema minimus), five adult digeneans (Derogenes varicus,Lecithaster gibbosus,Podocotylesp.,Plagioporus varius, andZoogonoides viviparus), one larval cestode (unidentified tetraphyllidean), one or possibly more larval nematodes (unidentified) plus five adult nematodes (Capillariasp.,Cucullanus heterochrous,C. minutus,Contracaecumsp. andGoeziasp.), two acanthocephalans (Pomphorhynchus laevisandAcanthocephalus anguillae), three copepods (Lepeophtheirus pectoralis,Acanthochondriasp. andLernaeocera branchialis), and one mollusc (unidentified glochidia). The overall parasite community of flounders from Lots Road and West Thurrock were compared in terms of species richness and diversity. The parasite community in flounders from the former location in the upper tideway was found to be less diverse than that of its counterpart at West Thurrock in the middle estuary. The component community of Lots Road flounders was dominated by the acanthocephalanPomphorhynchus laevis.

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El-Darsh, H. E. M., and P. J. Whitfield. "The parasite community infecting flounders, Platichthys flesus, in the tidal Thames." Journal of Helminthology 73, no. 3 (1999): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00700447.

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The composition of the parasite fauna of the flounder, Platichthys flesus, retrieved from two locations in the tidal Thames is described in detail for the first time. The combined parasite species list of the flounders from Lots Road in the upper tideway and West Thurrock in the middle tideway consisted of one protozoan (Glugea stephani), one monogenean (Gyrodactylus sp.), four larval digeneans (Cryptocotyle concava, Timoniella imbutiforme, T. praeterita, and Labratrema minimus), five adult digeneans (Derogenes varicus, Lecithaster gibbosus, Podocotyle sp., Plagioporus varius, and Zoogonoides viviparus), one larval cestode (unidentified tetraphyllidean), one or possibly more larval nematodes (unidentified) plus five adult nematodes (Capillaria sp., Cucullanus heterochrous, C. minutus, Contracaecum sp. and Goezia sp.), two acanthocephalans (Pomphorhynchus laevis and Acanthocephalus anguillae), three copepods (Lepeophtheirus pectoralis, Acanthochondria sp. and Lernaeocera branchialis), and one mollusc (unidentified glochidia). The overall parasite community of flounders from Lots Road and West Thurrock were compared in terms of species richness and diversity. The parasite community in flounders from the former location in the upper tideway was found to be less diverse than that of its counterpart at West Thurrock in the middle estuary. The component community of Lots Road flounders was dominated by the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis.

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Yadav, Naveen, Luv Sharma, Kunal Gaba, and Sandeep Giri. "CASE REPORT ON SUDDEN DEATH DUE TO RUPTURED ESOPHAGEAL VARICES - AN AUTOPSY BASED DIAGNOSIS." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 4, Reports in Clinical Medicine and (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijmrcr.esophageal-varices.

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Sanu, Kaleson Meshack, William Aliyu Istifanus, Maryam Suleiman Musa, and Panda Sam Mao. "The diversity of fresh water snail fauna in Kiri dam, Adamawa State, North Eastern Nigeria." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 2 (2020): 099–104. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4274414.

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Freshwater Snails are crucial in assessing the ecological status of water bodies, besides their economic, public and veterinary health importance. Hence, the need to study the occurrence, and diversity of freshwater snails in Kiri dam where there is paucity of such information becomes imperative. Accordingly, this study was carried out between December, 2016 and July, 2018. Snails were searched for in the five contact sites identified using long handle metal scoop nets in accordance with standard procedure. Snails recovered were examined for natural infections. Eleven (11) different fresh water snail species were encountered including Bulinus globosus, Bulinus truncatus, Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Lymnaea natalensis, Lanistes ovum, Lanistes varicus, Pila ovata, Melanoides maculata, Melanoides tuberculata, Bellamya unicolor and Gabiella tchadiensis of the eleven different snail species examined, only Bulinus globosus Bulinus truncatus and Biomphalaria pfeifferi shed schistosome cercariae. The other 8 species did not have any natural infections. The study revealed that Kiri Dam harbours diverse species of fresh water snails including those of public health importance. The presence of naturally infected snails indicates that the people engaging in various activities in the dam, are predisposed to infections harboured by these snails.

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23

McGladdery, S. E., and M. D. B. Burt. "Potential of Parasites for Use as Biological Indicators of Migration, Feeding, and Spawning Behavior of Northwestern Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 42, no. 12 (1985): 1957–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f85-243.

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A parasite survey of Atlantic herring, Clupea harengus, collected from the Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotian Shelf, and Gulf of St. Lawrence, was conducted from May 1981 to November 1983. A total of 2380 herring were examined and 18 parasite species identified. These included the acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus gadi previously unreported from herring in the northwestern Atlantic and the monogenean Gyrodactyloides andriaschewski herein described from herring for the first time. The geographic distributions of the parasites, their seasonal dynamics, and relation to size of herring were recorded to determine whether they could be used as biological indicators, both to differentiate between individual herring populations and to determine their movements. Seven of the 18 species identified showed varying degrees of potential as biological indicators. Although no single parasite species was found which could clearly differentiate one population of herring from another, the differential prevalences and intensities of Anisakis simplex, Hysterothylacium aduncum, Derogenes varicus, Lecithaster gibbosus, Cryptocotyle lingua, Scolex pleuronectis, and Eimeria sardinae all provided valuable contributions to the knowledge already accumulated on herring migration, feeding, and spawning behavior. Parasite indicators, used in conjunction with other data and techniques, could eventually be used to distinguish between individual populations of herring.

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Zhang, Dong, Hong Zou, Ivan Jakovlić, et al. "Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Thaparocleidus Species (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) Reveal the First rRNA Gene Rearrangement among the Neodermata." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 17 (2019): 4214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20174214.

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Phylogenetic framework for the closely related Ancylodiscoidinae and Ancyrocephalinae subfamilies remains contentious. As this issue was never studied using a large molecular marker, we sequenced the first two Ancylodiscoidinae mitogenomes: Thaparocleidus asoti and Thaparocleidus varicus. Both mitogenomes had two non-coding regions (NCRs) that contained a number of repetitive hairpin-forming elements (RHE). Due to these, the mitogenome of T. asoti (16,074 bp) is the longest among the Monogenea; especially large is its major NCR, with 3500 bp, approximately 1500 bp of which could not be sequenced (thus, the total mitogenome size is ≈ 17,600 bp). Although RHEs have been identified in other monopisthocotyleans, they appear to be independently derived in different taxa. The presence of RHEs may have contributed to the high gene order rearrangement rate observed in the two mitogenomes, including the first report of a transposition of rRNA genes within the Neodermata. Phylogenetic analyses using mitogenomic dataset produced Dactylogyrinae embedded within the Ancyrocephalinae (paraphyly), whereas Ancylodiscoidinae formed a sister-group with them. This was also supported by the gene order analysis. 28S rDNA dataset produced polyphyletic Dactylogyridae and Ancyrocephalinae. The phylogeny of the two subfamilies shall have to be further evaluated with more data.

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25

Anorue, C. O., I. O. Onyali, I. N. Anyanwu, C. J. Nweke, and O. J. Okesanya. "Impacts of water physicochemical parameters on schistosomiasis vector snail distributional-abundance and infectivity rate in South-Eastern Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Parasitology 45, no. 1 (2024): 152–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njpar.v45i1.17.

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Schistosomiasis, an NTD, poses public health problems for rural communities. The parameters controlling its intermediate hosts are scarcely studied. 24 human-water contacts were sampled for 12 months to understand the impacts of water parameters on the vector. Sampling was done by monthly handpicking of the snail vector with a net to analyze the water parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, depth, and rainfall). 546 snails recovered from the water sites showed that Bulinus globosus had the highest occurrence (50.5%), followed by Lanistes varicus (27.7%), and Bulinus truncatus species (3.7%). Ohaukwu LGA recorded the highest occurrence of freshwater snails at 55.3%, while Amovu stream had the highest number of snails with an overall abundance of 35.9%. May had the highest cercariae shedding at 26%, followed by June at 20%. No shedding occurred in September, November, December, and January. The infectivity rate of freshwater snails collected showed a significant difference based on the month (X2=6590.079, p- value=0.006). The study reveals that water physicochemical parameters significantly influence the abundance of intermediate snail hosts, with all parameters positively correlated except for temperature, conductivity, and TDS. This poses a significant public health threat due to vector snails' presence.

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Nascimento, Mario George, and Hugo Arancibia. "La fauna parasitaria y la morfometría de la Merluza Austral Merluccius australis (HUTTON) como indicadores de unidades de stock." Biologia Pesquera, no. 23 (January 25, 2024): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21703/0067-8767.1994.23.2568.

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Se examinó la fauna parasitaria y la morfometría en 685 ejemplares de la merluza austral Merluccius australis (Hutton) recolectados entre 1992 y 1993 desde aguas interiores y exteriores de la XIa y XII* Regiones de Chile en el Océano Pacífico, (entre 44°S y 56°S) hasta la vecindad de las islas Malvinas, en el Atlántico. A cada ejemplar se le midieron 23 distancias corporales, y se recolectaron 15.339 parásitos de 15 taxa de metazoos. Los análisis estadísticos consideraron técnicas uni y multivariadas. Se encontró una gran similitud parasitaria y morfométrica de la merluza austral entre las zonas de pesca, aunque también hay diferencias menores que son significativas, y que sugieren patrones migracionales y de variaciones de la alimentación y de otras condiciones ecológicas a las que están expuestas las merluzas a lo largo de su vida. Estas diferencias radican principalmente en la composición de tallas de las merluzas según zonas de pesca, y en las diferencias en la magnitud del parasitismo por Elytrophalloides oatesi, Derogenes varicus, Grillotiaheptanchi, Hysterothylacium sp., Clestobothrium crassiceps, Contracaecum sp. y Hepatoxylon trichiuri. Se postula que existe sólo un stock puro y al menos cuatro stocks ecológicos en el área de estudio.

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Mattoo, Khurshid, and Rashid MM. "Sublingual varices - a hazard for dental procedures." International Journal of Medical Reviews and Case Reports 5, Reports in Dental Medicine and (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijmrcr.sublingual-varices-790.

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28

Khan, R. A., and C. V. Chandra. "Influence of climatic changes on the parasites of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua off coastal Labrador, Canada." Journal of Helminthology 80, no. 2 (2006): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2006352.

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AbstractA study was conducted in 2000 and 2003, following the collapse of the commercial fishery in 1990, to compare metazoan parasites of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, captured off coastal Labrador, with samples taken in 1980 and 1986. Fish were captured by otter trawl offshore in the North Atlantic Fish Organisation subarea 2J. Parasites were removed from the digestive tract, stained, identified and compared between the different groups. Both the prevalence and mean abundance of trematodes, larval nematodes and E. gadi were significantly lower in fish taken in 2000 and 2003 than in 1980. While mean values of trematodes and nematodes declined in 1986, those of Echinorhynchus gadi remained unchanged in 1986 and 1990. Four-year-old cod sampled in 1990 harboured significantly fewer E. gadi than older age groups. The most commonly occurring trematodes included Podocotylereflexa, Lepidapedon elongatum, Derogenes varicus and Hemiurus levinseni while the larval nematode, Anisakis sp. was predominant. Comparison of offshore samples taken in 2000 and 2003 with others taken in previous years suggests an overall decline of parasites coincident with a change in climatic conditions, the absence of a major food source, namely capelin Mallotus villosus, of cod and ultimately the decline of the Labrador population.

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29

Frolov, E. V., S. V. Novokreshchennykh, and G. P. Vyalova. "The helminthofauna of the pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum, 1792) of south-east Sakhalin according to the results of many years of research." Russian Journal of Parasitology 17, no. 4 (2023): 459–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/1998-8435-2023-17-4-459-473.

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The purpose of the research is to describe and analyze the qualitative and quantitative composition of pink salmon helminths of southeastern Sakhalin.Materials and methods. Standard parasitological methods of collecting material were used. At the autopsy, the ureters, eyeballs, gill petals and arches, and the brain of fish were not examined. The method of collecting salmon parasites in the laboratory has been unchanged since 1992. Collections of representatives of monogenetic suckers were not carried out. Parasitological studies of pink salmon of southeastern Sakhalin were carried out from 1992 to 2022, a total of 4163 fish specimens were examined. The fish is caught in the estuaries of rivers and the sea coast.Results and discussion. According to the results of their own research and literature data, the pink salmon helminth fauna of southeastern Sakhalin is represented by 23 species: Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis pl., Eubothrium salvelini, Eu. crassum, Nybelinia surmenicola pl., Pelichnibothrium speciosum pl., Tetraphyllidea gen. sp., Brachyphallus crenatus, Cryptocotyle sp. mtc., Hemiurus levinseni, Lecithaster gibbosus, Prosorhynchoides gracilescens, Parahemiurus merus, Derogenes varicus, Capiatestes thyrsitae, Corynosoma strumosum l., Echinorhynchus gadi, Bolbosoma caenoforme juv., B. bobrovoi juv., Rhadinorhynchus trachuri, Anisakis simplex l., Ascarophis pacifica, Ascarophis skrjabini, Hysterothylacium aduncum. The qualitative composition of the helminth fauna is currently undergoing minor changes, while the quantitative characteristics of some helminths are significantly reduced. Thus, the infection of pink salmon with Bolbosoma sp. juv scrapers. decreased to 0.61±0.18.

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A., PANASA REDDY, and S. SASTRY K. "Anodization of Zircaloy-4 in 0.1 M KOH in Presence of Halide Ions." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 63, Mar 1986 (1986): 299–300. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6241705.

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Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500 007 Manuscript received 27 May 1985, accepted 17 January 1986 The effect of halide ions on the kinetics of anodisation of zircaloy-4 in 0.1 M KOH have been studied at a constant current density of 4 mA cm-2 and at room temperature. At higher concentrations of halide ions (≥ 0.1 M ), there is no film formation and deleterious effects are observed. However, there is film formation and the kinetics of film formation arc well studied at lower concentrations of halide ions. However, in the presence of iodide ions, there is a remarkable change in the kinetics of film formation.

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31

Brickle, Paul, Peter D. Olson, D. Timothy J. Littlewood, Antony Bishop, and Alexander I. Arkhipkin. "Parasites of Loligo gahi from waters off the Falkland Islands, with a phylogenetically based identification of their cestode larvae." Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, no. 12 (2001): 2289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z01-189.

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One thousand and ninety-six longfin Patagonian squid, Loligo gahi, were collected from waters off the Falkland Islands over a period of 1 year and 4 months and examined for helminths. Cestode and Anisakis sp. (Nematoda) larvae were present throughout the study, but occurred at low rates. The pooled data showed prevalences of 5.75 and 2.46%, respectively. An adult digenean, Derogenes varicus, was found in a single instance and was thus considered an accidental infection. Parasite parameters were not significantly correlated with either host sex or seasonality. Stomach contents of the squid revealed a highly varied diet, although krill, amphipods, and chaetognaths were the dominant prey items. To aid in the identification of the cestode larvae, a subsample of 14 plerocercoids was characterized for the D2 variable region of the nuclear lsrDNA gene and compared with both published cestode lsrDNA sequences as well as that of six additional adult tetraphyllidean cestode species sequenced herein. Direct sequence comparison showed that 12 of the 14 plerocercoids were identical with each other and differed by a single transition (of a total of 658 base pairs) from the tetraphyllidean Clistobothrium montaukensis, and another plerocercoid differed by two transitions from the trypanorhynch Grillotia erinaceus. The remaining pleroceroid sequence was identified through phylogenetic analysis as being closer to the tetraphyllidean Ceratobothrium xanthocephalum than to any other taxon analyzed, but may not be congeneric, given its relatively high degree of divergence from C. xanthocephalum.

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32

Bonou, S. A. S., E. Sagbo, S. Osseni, C. Charvillat, B. Ben Nissan, and S. Cazalbou. "Adsorption of Textile Dyes on the Shells of Snails Achatina achatina and Lanistes varicus Acclimatized in Benin: Influence of Their Heating Treatment." Journal of Environmental Protection 09, no. 02 (2018): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jep.2018.92012.

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Petrônio, Fonteles de Andrade, Jovita de Oliveira Veras Albuquerque Francisca, Augusto de Carvalho Linhares Filho Frederico, and Edison de Andrade Filho João. "AVALIAÇÃO DOS IMPACTOS DO TRATAMENTO DE VARIZES COM ESPUMA DE POLIDOCANOL EM PACIENTES DO SUS EM HOSPITAL TERCIÁRIO DO CEARÁ." Revistaft 28, no. 131 (2024): 71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10616171.

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A insuficiência venosa crônica (IVC) se caracteriza por ser uma patologia das veias dos membros inferiores com potencial de morbidade importante no Brasil. Este estudo objetiva  discutir sobre uma série de casos de pacientes com IVC  tratados de forma minimamente invasiva, guiada por Ultrassonografia,  ambulatorial e gratuita pelo SUS no Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio (HUWC). Realizada revisão dos prontuários e registros do serviço de Ecografia Vascular com Doppler do HUWC no período de março de 2022 a Outubro de 2023, selecionando pacientes tratados com espuma de polidocanol guiada por ultrassonografia. Foram encontrados 68 pacientes submetidos ao procedimento, sendo os estágios clínicos mais graves do que o encontrado na população em geral, metade dos pacientes eram idosos e, com exceção de 03 doentes, todos apresentaram melhora com apenas uma aplicação. Não houveram eventos adversos. Observou-se maior gravidade clínica, maior prevalência de comorbidades e maior faixa etária média, quando comparado à literatura geral. Neste contexto o método de escleroterapia com espuma de polidocanol guiada por ultrassonografia se mostrou eficiente, seguro e de execução mais rápida quando comparada às técnicas cirúrgicas tradicionais.

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P., Sharma, and Rathore Taruna. "Microdetermination of tungsten in environmental samples by differential pulse polarography." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 79, Dec 2002 (2002): 953–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5848122.

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Electroanalytical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, J. N. V. University, Jodhpur-342 005, India Fax : 91-0291-511191 Manuscript received 30 April 2001, revised 25 January 2002, accepted 25 July 2002 The optimum analytical conditions are found for trace determination of tungsten in various matrices using differential pulse polarography. The limit of determination of 0.05 µg/ml is achieved with a precision of ±0.39 standard deviation.

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35

El-Zeiny, M. E., A. M. Ghoneim, O. A. Abu Samak, and A. A. Khidr. "Abundance and annual distribution of freshwater snails and some trematode cercariae at Damietta Governorate, Egypt." Helminthologia 58, no. 3 (2021): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/helm-2021-0026.

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Summary In addition to being a good food source, freshwater snails are considered one of the positively and negatively influencing invertebrates on the environment. Several biotic and abiotic factors are thought to affect the distribution and the dynamics of these snails. Freshwater snails are the most dominant and conspicuous individuals of the freshwater biota in Damietta Governorate. In this study, freshwater snails were collected monthly from 5 geographically and environmentally different sites at Damietta Governorate at the north of Egypt during June 2017-May 2018. Seven snail species; Lanistes carinatus, Lanistes varicus, Pila wernei, Segmentorbis angustus, Melanoides tuberculata, Biomphalaria alexandrina, and Gabbiella senoriansis, were identified. Lanistes carinatus was the most abundant species (56.4%) in the collection sites. Besides, Al-Inaniyyah village had the highest snail species abundance and variety. The abundance of the most recorded species varied seasonally; the highest abundance was recorded during summer while the lowest was during winter. The abundance of some snail species correlated positively or negatively with some physico-chemical parameters; water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, total dissolved salts, and electrical conductivity. Two types of trematode cercariae; gymnocephalus cercariae and xiphidiocercariae, were harvested from Lanistes carinatus. The highest prevalence of both cercarial types was detected during summer. The correlation between the prevalence of both cercarial types and the physico-chemical parameters were determined. Xiphidiocercariae were the most predominant cercarial type in Damietta Governorate. Our findings suggest that the invasion of some freshwater snails is likely to be the cause of the low prevalence or complete absence of some medically important intermediate snail hosts. We recommend further characterization of the distribution of freshwater snails and the interrelationships among them in Egypt, and suggest a controlled use of selected snail species to combat their medically important analogues.

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D, Dr Dharamdev, and Dr Kiran Kumar. "Varicose veins & response to various modalities of treatment." International Journal of Surgery Science 3, no. 4 (2019): 173–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/surgery.2019.v3.i4c.918.

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37

Mazaahir, Kidwai, Goel Yogesh, and Kohli Seema. "Microwave induced synthesis of 6-substituted-aryl-3-( 4' -methylquinolinyl-2-oxymethyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b ]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 76, Jan 1999 (1999): 51–52. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5851968.

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Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi- 11 0 007, India Manuscript received 2 June 1997, revised 22 December 1997, accepted 13 May 1998 Considerable increase in the reaction rate has been observed with improved yields in the synthesis of 6-substitutcd-aryl-3-(4'-methylquinolinyl-2-oxymethyl)-1 ,2,4-triazolo[3,4.b ]-1,3,4-thiadiazolcs (2a-j) by the condensation of 1-amino-2-mercapto-5-( 4' -methyl-quinolinyl-2-oxymethyl)-1,3,4-triazolc (1) with various aromatic acid chlorides under microwave irradiation in a Maxidigest in unaltered domestic microwave oven.

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R., Das, K. Das D., and Das B. "Kinetics of nitrate reduction in submerged soils." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 76, Feb 1999 (1999): 86–88. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5852295.

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Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia-741 252, India Manuscript received 25 September 1997, revised 24 June 1998, accepted 4 August 1998 The results of the nitrate reduction kinetics of laterite and alluvial soils of West Bengal, under different treatments, reveal that the NO3-N content in both the soils decreases with the time of submergence and follows an exponential pattern indicating first order of reaction kinetics irrespective of treatments. Also there is complete disappearance of NO3-N in both the soils due to starch application at the end of 14 days of submergence. The rate of NO3-N reduction is much higher in two soils treated with starch or nitrogen (KNO3 or prilled urea) than that of the untreated soils resulting from the higher values of the velocity constants and shortening of half-life period as well as changes in pH and Eh in the treated soils.

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T., R. GOVINDACHARI, and GOPALAKRISHNAN GEETHA. "Azadirachtins - Supermolecules for Insect Control." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 75, Oct-Dec 1998 (1998): 655–61. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5915848.

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40

A., ALI, K. NAIN A., and HYDER S. "Ion-Solvent Interaction of Sodium Iodide and Lithium Nitrate in N,N-Dimethylformamide +Ethanol Mixtures at Various Temperatures." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 75, Sep 1998 (1998): 501–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5924954.

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Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110 025 Manuscript received 17 March 1997, revised 27 February 1998, accepted 23 March 1998 The densities, viscosities and ultrasonic velocities of sodium iodide and lithium nitrate in dimethylformamide + ethanol mixtures have been measured as a function of amide concentration and temperature. Viscosity and ultrasonic velocity are fitted by empirical equations stating their dependence on composition of the mixtures. The adiabatic compressibility, intermolecular free length, relative association, acoustic impedance, molar sound velocity, enthalpy and entropy of activation of viscous flow have been calculated. The variations of these properties with amide concentration in the mixtures indicate strong ion-solvent interaction. Preferential solvation of the ions is also discussed.

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41

B., SHIVARAMA HOLLA, K. SHIVANANDA M., and M. AKBERALI P. "Mass Spectral Fragmentation Patterns of Some 4-[5-Aryl-2-furfurylidene]-3- mercapto-5-substituted-1,2,4-triazoles and 6-(5-Aryl-2-furyl)-1 ,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b ]- 1 ,3,4-thiadiazoles." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 75, Aug 1998 (1998): 465–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5927655.

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Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri-574 199 plama Laboratories Ltd., 120 A/B Industrial Area, Baikampady, New Mangalore-575 011 Manuscript received 4 March 1997, revised 21 November 1997, accepted 24 February 1998 Several4-(5-aryl-2-furfurylidene)amino-3-mercapto-5-substituted-1,2,4-triazoles (I) have been synthesized and converted into 6-(5- aryl-2-furyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles (2).

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42

M, H. JAGDALB, Y. NIMBALKAR A., J. D. MANE (Miss), P. A. GIDDE (Miss), and D. MALI M. "Kinetics and Mechanism of Acid Hydrolysis of Nitrobenzoic Acid Hydrazides." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 64, Feb 1987 (1987): 122–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6216398.

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Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004 Manuscript received 20 December 1985, revised 19 September 1986, accepted 3 January 1987 Kinetics and Mechanism of Acid Hydrolysis of Nitrobenzoic Acid Hydrazides

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M., R. MANRAO, and KOHLI SUNITA. "Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Hydroxyphenylethylidenebenzylamines." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 63, Mar 1986 (1986): 348–50. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6255276.

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Department of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004 Manuscript received 20 May 1985, accepted 2 December 1985 Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of Hydroxyphenylethylidenebenzylamines

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44

NISHA, SHRIVASTAVA, and S. PlTRE K. "Trace Determination of Terbium(lll), Dysprosium(lll) and Erbium(lll) using 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol as an Amperometric Reagent." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 63, Jul 1986 (1986): 708–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6276953.

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Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar- 470 003 Manuscript received 8 March 1985, revised 8 May 1986, accepted 7 June 1986 Trace Determination of Terbium(lll), Dysprosium(lll) and Erbium(lll) using 4-(2-Pyridylazo)resorcinol as an Amperometric Reagent

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45

A., SRIVASTAVA, B. PATHAK R. та BAHEL S.C. "Synthesis of Antifungal N-Acridin-5-yl-N'-α-aryloxybutanoylhydrazines". Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 62, Jun 1985 (1985): 486–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6319875.

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Department of Chemistry, Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur- 273 001 Manuscript received 16 July 1984, accepted 3 June 1985 Synthesis of Antifungal N-Acridin-5-yl-N'-α-aryloxybutanoylhydrazines

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46

van Grouw, Hein, and Wim Dekkers. "Various Gallus varius hybrids: variation in junglefowl hybrids and Darwin's interest in them." Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club 139, no. 4 (2019): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.25226/bboc.v139i4.2019.a9.

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47

Kocharyan, Garnik. "Hypersexuality as a Manifestation of Various Disorders." Health of Man, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 74–84. https://doi.org/10.30841/2307-5090.3.2021.246213.

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The article deals with hypersexuality, which can be a manifestation of a wide variety of disorders. These include: consequences of a psychotrauma; premature psychosexual development; borderline personality disorder; submaniac and maniac states in bipolar affective disorder and schizoaffective type of the course of schizophrenia; disinhibition of libido, rough and naked eroticism in the initial stage of schizophrenia; consequence of advanced emotional volitional disorders in simple-type schizophrenia; temporal lobe epilepsy; dementia; mental retardation (oligophrenias); various organic brain lesions (resulting from neuroinfections, injuries, vascular damages, neoplasms) [the temporal and frontal lobes of the brain are indicated as regulators of libido]; consequence of disorders in the hypothalamic area and limbic system. It is reported that a correlation exists between development of hypersexuality and damages in certain cerebral areas in patients with non-traumatic brain damage. It is pointed out that hypersexuality may result from maldevelopment of the right hippocampus, anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, in patients with disseminated sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, Kluver-Bucy syndrome as well as be caused by various hormonal disorders and consequences of premenstrual changes and effect of virilizing hormones during the childhood or intrauterine period. Numerous clinical illustrations of cases with hypersexuality, caused by various disorders, are given. The author holds the opinion that it is necessary to divide hypersexuality at least into two categories: true hypersexuality and sexual disinhibition, when with the normal or even reduced level of libido manifestation the hypersexual behaviour results from absence or insufficiency of inhibitory mechanisms (for example, in dementia).

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48

B., SHIVARAMA HOLLA, K. SHIVANANDA M., and AKBERALI P.M. "Mass Spectral Fragmentation Patterns of Some Substituted 1,2,4-Triazoles and 1,2,4-Triazolo[3,4-b] 1 ,3,4-thiadiazoles." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 75, Sep 1998 (1998): 532–33. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5925904.

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Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri-574 199 Plama Laboratories Ltd., 120 A/B Industrial Area, Baikampady, New Mangalore-575 011 Manuscript received 6 February 1997, revised 12 February 1998, accepted 27 April 1998 Several substituted 1,2,4-triazoles (I) have been synthesized and converted into 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]1,3,4-thiadiazoles (3). They have been characterized by ir, nmr and mass spectral studies. The mass spectral fragmentation patterns of the compounds are described.

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49

MOHAMMAD, LATIF MIRZA, and SALMA QURAT-UL-AIN. "Studies on Adsorption of Methyl Violet on Alumina, Silica and Zinc Oxide." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 64, Feb 1987 (1987): 84–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6198834.

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Department of Chemistry, Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan Manuscript received 14 January 1986, revised 8 October 1986, accepted 22 January 1987 The adsorption or methyl violet from aqueous and alcoholic solutions over alumina, silica and zinc oxide have been carried out to understand the extent and mode or adsorption. The adsorption or methyl violet over these oxides exhibited either a typical H-type or L-type adsorption isotherm. The H-type adsorptiun is explained on the basis or 'flatwise' adsorption with some micellisation, whereas the L-type adsorption is interpreted in terms or multilayer adsorption. The Frendlich and the Langmuir equations are applicable within the limited range or dye concentration.

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50

M., T. THORAT, B. MANE R., H. JAGDALE M, and M. SALUNKHE M. "Polymer Supported Reagents. Synthesis of p-Bromophenacyl Ethers." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 64, Feb 1987 (1987): 106–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6217620.

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Department of Chemistry, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004 Manuscript received 1 April 1986, accepted 17 February 1987 Phenoxide supported on Amberlite IRA-400 on reaction with p-bromophenacyl bromide gave corresponding p-bromophenacyl ether in quantitative yield and purity.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Varicus'

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