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1
Jonker, Louis C. Exclusivity and variety: Perspectives on multidimensional exegesis. Kampen, The Netherlands: Kok Pharos, 1996.
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2
Variety and unity in New Testament thought. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 1991.
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Armstrong, Paul B. Conflicting readings: Variety and validity in interpretation. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990.
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Sewell, David R. Mark Twain's languages: Discourse, dialogue, and linguistic variety. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
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Giddings, Robert. Mark Twain: A Sumptuous Variety (Critical Studies Series). Barnes & Noble, 1985.
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Cathryn, Costello, Foster Michelle, and McAdam Jane, eds. The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198848639.001.0001.
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The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law is a comprehensive, critical work, which analyses the state of research across the refugee law regime as a whole. Drawing together leading and emerging scholars, the Handbook provides both doctrinal and theoretical analyses of international refugee law and practice. It critiques existing law from a variety of normative positions, with several chapters identifying foundational flaws that open up space for radical rethinking. The Handbook aspires to be global, both legally and geographically. Contributions assess a wide range of international legal instruments relevant to refugee protection, including from international human rights law, international humanitarian law, international migration law, the law of the sea, and international and transnational criminal law. Ultimately, the Handbook provides an account, as well as a critique, of the status quo, and in so doing it sets the agenda for future academic research in international refugee law.
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Foley, John Miles. Response. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037184.003.0006.
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This chapter reviews five critiques provided for the manuscript of the Pathways Project book as well as the author's own responses to these. These comments and suggestions have led to additions, subtractions, and revisions that have substantially improved the Pathways Project as a whole; and the interactive exchanges featured in this chapter will hopefully continue on in the Pathways Project website. The five critiques concern: the thoroughness of the “further reading” section, the limits on the oral tradition–internet technology correspondence, the fact that texts do support and encourage a variety of interpretation that parallels user-driven activities in the oAgora and eAgora, the source of authority in each of the three agoras or verbal marketplaces, and the problem with universal access to eMedia.
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Arnold, Clara, Oliver Flügel-Martinsen, Samia Mohammed, and Andreas Vasilache, eds. Kritik in der Krise. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748910688.
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In times of crises, critical thinking needs to be maintained and fostered. This volume on critical political theory in the coronavirus pandemic brings together 13 contributions that offer a variety of perspectives on the interrelationship between critique and crisis. What are the consequences of the current crisis for critical political thinking—and what contribution can critical theory offer to our understanding of current challenges? With contributions by Clara Arnold, Simon Duncker, Oliver Flügel-Martinsen, Lea Jonas, Kristoffer Klement, Jamila Maldous, Noah Marschner, Samia Mohammed, Malte Pasler, Demokrat Ramadani, Gerrit Tiefenthal, Andreas Vasilache and Nele Weiher.
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Pretty, Jules. The East Country. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501709333.001.0001.
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This book is a work of creative nonfiction in which the acclaimed author integrates memoir, natural history, cultural critique, and spiritual reflection into a single compelling narrative. The book is framed around Aldo Leopold and his classic A Sand County Almanac, bringing Leopold's ethic—that some could live without nature but most should not—into the twenty-first century. The author follows the seasons through seventy-four tales set in a variety of landscapes from valley to salty shore. The book convinces us that we should all develop long attachments to the local, observing that the land can change us for the better.
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Howe, Justine. “Reading for Kernels of Truth”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190258870.003.0008.
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This chapter examines Webb’s book group, which provides a crucial window into the possibilities and limitations of religious third spaces. Claiming interpretative authority, book club members, all women, experimented with a variety of views depending on the author and text in question, reveling in the different possibilities for identity and subjectivity that their readings evoked. In the process, they constructed alternative visions for a more egalitarian Islam. Gender provided the entry point through which they critiqued other Muslim communities for a variety of shortcomings, especially the failure to embody what the women understood to be core Muslim ideals, such as equality and tolerance. At the same time, the contested status of feminism in the broader Webb community illustrates the constraints of third spaces, as members seek to construct boundaries around normative Islam.
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Brown, Ken, and Robert S. Rubin. Management Education in Business Schools. Edited by Adrian Wilkinson, Steven J. Armstrong, and Michael Lounsbury. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198708612.013.26.
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A variety of forces are creating pressure for change in the management education offerings in business schools, including: financial strain, diversity in students, niche course demand, and new teaching technologies. In this chapter various perspectives on management education are reviewed and these forces are discussed. A select number of formative academic studies on management education are noted along with a more detailed look at two trending topics in the academic literature: online teaching and critiques of business school curricula. For each topic, key studies are reviewed and future research directions are noted.
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Sterelny, Kim. Sceptical Reflections on Human Nature. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823650.003.0007.
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David Hull famously argued that the very idea of human nature was pre-Darwinian; once we genuinely embrace Darwin’s insights into unbounded variation and plasticity over time, no robust account of human nature can survive. There have been a variety of responses to Hull’s critique, variously showing that some concept of human nature can be rebuilt in ways consistent with contemporary evolutionary biology. In this chapter, I argue that, in one sense, some of these reconstructive attempts succeed. One can develop a concept of human nature consistent with evolutionary insights into variation and potentially unbounded change. But in a deeper sense these reconstructive projects are in trouble: the cost of making a concept of human nature evolutionarily credible is, arguably, to rob that concept of explanatory salience.
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Lauzon, Matthew J. Modernity. Edited by Jerry H. Bentley. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199235810.013.0005.
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This article discusses modernity, considering different aspects such as European intellectual and cultural history, global modernity, critiques of modernity, and multiple and alternate modernities. The related terms modern and modernity are notoriously wooly words with contested chronologies and debated definitions. At the most prosaic level, the words imply simply something like ‘new’ or ‘now’. Many use the term ‘modern’ in this sense as a marker of temporal discontinuity and present a variety of different dates. The field of world history, like anthropology, is a reflexive project that contributes to the articulation of modernities even as it attempts to represent them.
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Edwards, Elisa. The Fourth of July Is Surely Come. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199390205.003.0007.
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In this chapter, Edwards explores the meaning of Drake’s subtly revolutionary inscription and interprets it as an example of double-consciousness and alienation. Although some have interpreted Dave’s couplet as a straightforward celebration of the holiday, Edwards critiques this view, finding evidence of a “countervailing assertion of Dave the Potter’s black consciousness” in the inscription. The allusion to drums conflates war and nationalistic celebration with a tool often noted by paranoid plantation owners for being a tool of slave communication. The couplet thus hints at a “radical directive” to rebel. Edwards concludes by considering a variety of other meanings circulating around Dave’s inscription.
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Bartley, Tim. A Substantive Theory of Transnational Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794332.003.0002.
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Social scientists have theorized the rise of transnational private authority, but knowledge about its consequences remains sparse and fragmented. This chapter builds from a critique of “empty spaces” imagery in several leading paradigms to a new theory of transnational governance. Rules and assurances are increasingly flowing through global production networks, but these flows are channeled and reconfigured by domestic governance in a variety of ways. Abstracting from the case studies in this book, a series of theoretical propositions specify the likely outcomes of private regulation, the influence of domestic governance, the special significance of territory and rights, and several ways in which the content of rules shapes their implementation. As such, this theory proposes an explanation for differences across places, fields, and issues, including the differential performance of labor and environmental standards.
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Tzohar, Roy. The Seeds of the Pan-Figurative View. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190664398.003.0005.
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Having presented the role of upacāra in Asaṅga’s critique of an essentialist theory of meaning, this chapter now turns to examine additional aspects of the concept of metaphor as it appears in other Yogācāra-related Buddhist sources. Concluding the book’s survey of the Buddhist context of the Yogācāra, the text explores the possible ways in which a wide variety of Buddhist sources—including Vasubandhu’s Abhidharmakoṣabhāṣya (and Sthiramati’s commentary on these sections), the Yogācāra-related Laṅkāvatārasūtra (LAS), and Dignāga’s Pramāṇasamuccaya (PS)—contributed to Sthiramati’s full-fledged theory of metaphor. Here, the reconstruction of the context of the Yogācāra understanding of metaphor becomes more specific, tracing not only the broad common presuppositions underlying figurative usage, but also the possibility of a more concrete intertextual exchange that helped shape Sthiramati’s claims—some of them highly innovative—on this topic.
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Lewis, David M. The Riddle of Freedom. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198769941.003.0003.
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This chapter looks at the concept of freedom and its articulation in ancient Greek texts. It shows that in the Homeric period, the terminology of slavery and freedom was used only for personal status. In the centuries that followed, these terms were appropriated and applied metaphorically to a variety of asymmetrical power relationships. However, Greeks were able to maintain clear distinctions between slavery as a legal concept and slavery as a metaphor. The chapter concludes with critiques of the methods of M. I. Finley and R. Zelnick-Abramovitz, who do not make clear distinctions between law and metaphor when analysing this terminology, and whose methods have led to convoluted analyses of aspects of Greek slavery.
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Ferlie, Ewan, Kathleen Montgomery, and Anne Reff Pederson. Editors’ Introduction. Edited by Ewan Ferlie, Kathleen Montgomery, and Anne Reff Pedersen. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198705109.013.30.
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This introductory chapter offers an overview of the purpose and structure of the Handbook. It begins by explaining why the health care management field is a worthy object of academic study. Next, it offers a reasoned critique of two main streams of current literature in the field and then articulates three propositions that guided the Handbook structure: (i) both classic and emerging social science perspectives and theories can add analytical richness and variety to health management research today; (ii) an expanding range of health policy-related phenomena can and should be explored academically; and (iii) building a wider international literature base is a valuable endeavor. The second half of the introduction reviews the main themes of each chapter and the four Parts of the book. Finally, it discusses the extent to which the original three propositions have been fully worked out in the Handbook and where further work should take place.
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Ince, Onur Ulas. ConclusionBringing the Economy Back In. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190637293.003.0006.
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This chapter recapitulates the theoretical conclusions of the book, highlights its contributions, and identifies the further lines of research that it opens up. It is argued that colonial capitalism offers a new perspective on liberalism and empire by shifting the focus from who the colonized are to what the colonizers do as an ideological challenge to the universal claims of liberalism. Secondly, colonial capitalism as an analytic frame can generate systematic explanations of how liberal thinkers parsed and ordered the variety of cultural differences between Europeans and non-Europeans, and why they emphasized certain differences over others as being more relevant for imperial justification or anti-imperial critique. Finally, it is maintained that introducing capitalism into the study of political theory in the imperial context pushes the boundaries of political theory more broadly to encompass questions, such as of dispossession and exploitation, conventionally relegated to critical social theory and political economy.
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Heikkurinen, Pasi, and Toni Ruuska, eds. Sustainability Beyond Technology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864929.001.0001.
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Current debates on sustainability are largely building on a problematic assumption that increasing technology use and advancement are a desired phenomenon, creating positive change in human organizations. This kind of techno-optimism prevails particularly in the discourses of ecological modernization and green growth, as well as in the attempts to design sustainable modes of production and consumption within growth-driven capitalism. This transdisciplinary book investigates the philosophical underpinnings of technology, presents a culturally sensitive critique of technology, and outlines feasible alternatives for sustainability beyond technology. By examining the conflicts and contradictions between technology and sustainability in human organizations, the book develops a novel way to conceptualize, confront and change technology in modern society. The book draws on a variety of scholarly disciplines, including humanities (philosophy and environmental history), social sciences (ecological economics, political economy, and ecology) and natural sciences (geology and thermodynamics) to contribute to sustainability theory and policy.
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Domínguez, Virginia R., and Jane C. Desmond, eds. Sophia Balakian on Broeck and Mariani. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040832.003.0007.
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This essay argues that both Broeck and Mariani implicitly and explicitly frame discourses of anti-Americanism as a form of name-calling, and that this involves condemnation in specifically gendered ways as well as in racist and homophobic ways used in a variety of contexts by children, adolescents, and adults. Mariani and Broeck both demonstrate that name-calling, or at least something close to it, takes place on a global and transnational level and in both cultural and state-centered politics. The essay asks how thinking about the term “anti-American” as a form of name-calling shifts the way we think about discourses of Americanization and anti-Americanism, and whether this framing might spotlight certain aspects of both essays. Balakian notes that both Mariani and Broeck critique U.S. exceptionalism, but wonders if it might not be especially helpful to shift the emphasis away from the idea that “America” is exceptionally hated to the idea that “America” is exceptionally powerful.
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Scheidt, Hannah K. Practicing Atheism. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197536940.001.0001.
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Practicing Atheism is a cultural study of contemporary atheism, focusing on how atheists negotiate meanings and values through media. This book examines a variety of cultural products, both corporate driven and grassroots, that circulate messages about what atheism means—what ideas, values, affinities, and attitudes the term denotes. Through the creation, consumption, and exchange of this media, atheism gains positive content, the term signaling much more than lack of belief in god(s) for those who identify with the emergent culture. Primary source materials for this book include grassroots Internet communities, popular television programming, organized atheist events, and material culture representations of the movement, such as those found in atheist fan art. Practicing Atheism argues that atheist culture emerges from a unique tension with religion—a category atheists critique and resist but also, at times, imitate and approximate. Using a framework based on ritual studies, this book theorizes ambivalence, ambiguity, and “in-betweenness” as the essential condition of contemporary atheist culture.
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Lee-ford, Tritt. III Trust Arbitration as a Matter of National Law, 7 Legislative Approaches to Trust Arbitration in the United States. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198759829.003.0007.
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This chapter explores the variety, validity, and viability of various legislative attempts to resolve the uncertainty surrounding mandatory arbitration of internal trust disputes. In so doing, it provides a descriptive and normative analysis of various state legislative approaches regarding arbitration of trust disputes and critiques these efforts so as to help legislators going forward. Five US states—Florida, Arizona, New Hampshire, Missouri, and South Dakota—have adopted statutes expressly authorizing arbitration of internal trust disputes. The chapter considers each of these enactments in detail. It also compares these provisions to the Uniform Trust Code (UTC) and various proposed statutes in this area of law, including the American College of Trust and Estate Counsel (ACTEC) model acts and a bill that was discussed but ultimately not adopted in Hawai’i.
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Sinclair, Mark, ed. The Actual and the Possible. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786436.001.0001.
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This volume offers a selection of essays by leading specialists on modality and the metaphysics of modality in the history of modern philosophy, from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries. It revisits key moments in the history of modern modal doctrines, and illuminates lesser-known moments of that history. With this historical approach, the book aims to contextualize and even to offer alternatives to dominant positions within the contemporary philosophy of modality. Hence the volume contains not only new scholarship on the early-modern doctrines of Baruch Spinoza, G. W. Leibniz, Christian Wolff, and Immanuel Kant, but also work relating to less familiar nineteenth-century thinkers such as Alexius Meinong and Jan Łukasiewicz, together with essays on celebrated nineteenth- and twentieth-century thinkers such as G. W. F. Hegel, Martin Heidegger, and Bertrand Russell, whose modal doctrines have not previously garnered the attention they deserve. The volume thus covers a variety of traditions, and its historical range extends to the end of the twentieth century, since it addresses the legacy of Willard Van Orman Quine’s critique of modality within recent analytic philosophy.
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Simmons, J. Aaron, ed. Christian Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198834106.001.0001.
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Perhaps one of the marks of being a philosopher is participating in debates about what counts as “philosophy.” Of particular note in such debates is the question of how to distinguish philosophy from theology. Although a variety of answers to this question have been offered in the history of philosophy, in recent decades, the prominence of Christian philosophy has been heralded by many as a genuine triumph over the problematic narrowness of strong foundationalism, positivism, and scientism. For others, however, it signals that philosophy continues to risk being replaced by confessional theology. Wherever one comes down on such issues, and however one interprets recent trends in philosophy of religion, the idea of Christian philosophy continues to present pressing questions for those working in meta-philosophy, epistemology, metaphysics, hermeneutics, and value theory. In this volume, established scholars representing a variety of cultural traditions, religious perspectives, and philosophical priorities all wrestle with how the idea of Christian philosophy should be understood, appropriated, and engaged in light of where philosophy is and where it is likely to go. The volume includes classical essays that have deeply marked the field and also new essays that explore the relevance of Christian philosophy to issues in disability studies, engaged pedagogy, lived phenomenology, the academic study of religion, and the workings of social power. Rather than offer a unified view that seeks to settle things, the contributors demonstrate that Christian philosophy remains a topic of lively debate. This volume shows that Christian philosophy is neither merely of historical interest, nor of interest only to Christians, but instead remains a thoroughly philosophical topic worthy of serious consideration and substantive critique.
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O’Reilly, Maria. Feminism and the Politics of Difference. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.177.
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Feminist scholars and practitioners have challenged—and sought to overcome—gendered forms of inequality, subordination, or oppression within a variety of political, economic, and social contexts. However, feminists have been embroiled in profound theoretical disagreements over a variety of issues, including the nature and significance of the relationship between culture and the production of gendered social life, as well as the implications of cultural location for women’s agency, feminist knowledge production, and the possibilities of building cross-cultural feminist coalitions and agendas. Many of the approaches that emerged in the “first” and “second waves” of feminist scholarship and activism were not able to effectively engage with questions of culture. Women of color and ethnicity, postcolonial feminists and poststructural feminists, in addition to the questions and debates raised by liberal feminists (and their critics) on the implications of multiculturalism for feminist goals, have produced scholarship that highlights issues of cultural difference, division, diversity, and differentiation. Their critiques of the “universalism” and “culture-blindness” of second wave theories and practices exposed the hegemonic and exclusionary tendencies of the feminist movement in the global North, and opened up the opportunity to develop intersectional analyses and feminist identity politics, thereby shifting issues of cultural diversity and difference from the margins to the center of international feminism. The debates on cultural difference, division, diversity, and differentiation have enriched feminist scholarship within the discipline of international relations, particularly after 9/11.
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Slingerland, Edward. Mind and Body in Early China. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842307.001.0001.
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Drawing upon cutting-edge knowledge and techniques from the sciences and digital humanities, Mind and Body in Early China employs the lens of mind-body concepts to critique Orientalist accounts of early China. Views of China as the radical, “holistic” Other are unsupportable for a variety of reasons. The idea that the early Chinese saw no qualitative difference between mind and body (the “strong” holist view) has long been contradicted by traditional archaeological and qualitative textual evidence. New digital humanities methods, such as large-scale textual analysis, make this position even less tenable. Finally, a large body of empirical evidence suggests that “weak” mind-body dualism is a psychological universal, and that human sociality would be fundamentally impossible without it. More broadly, this book argues that the humanities need to move beyond social constructivist views of culture and embrace instead a view of human cognition and culture that integrates the sciences and the humanities. Methodologically, it attempts to broaden the scope of humanistic methodologies by employing team-based qualitative coding and computer-aided “distant reading” of texts, while also drawing upon current best understanding of human cognition to transform the basic interpretative starting point. It has implications for anyone interested in comparative religion, early China, cultural studies, digital humanities, or science-humanities integration.
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Calonne, David Stephen. R. Crumb. University Press of Mississippi, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496831859.001.0001.
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Robert Crumb: Literature, Autobiography, and the Quest for Self is the first monograph to explore the intersection between Crumb’s love of literature, his search for the meaning of life and the ways he connects his own autobiography with the themes of the writers he has admired. Crumb’s comics from the beginning reflected the fact that he was a voracious reader from childhood and perused a variety of authors including Charles Dickens, J.D. Salinger, and, during his adolescence, Beat writers like Jack Kerouac. He was profoundly influenced by music, especially the blues, and the ecstatic power of music appears in his artwork throughout his career. The first chapter explores the ways Robert Crumb illustrates works by William S. Burroughs, Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, Gary Snyder, and Charles Bukowski. The book continues with individual chapters devoted to Crumb’s illustrations of biographies of blues musicians Jelly Roll Morton and Charley Patton; Philip K. Dick; Jean-Paul Sartre; Franz Kafka; and concludes with an exploration of Crumb’s illustrations to the book of Genesis. In all his drawings accompanying literary texts, Crumb returns to a number of key themes regarding his personal spiritual quest such as suffering and existential solitude; the search for romantic and sexual love; the impact of entheogens such as LSD on his quest for answers to his cosmic questions. We discover that Crumb gradually embraces a mysticism rooted in his studies of Gnosticism. In the final chapter on the book of Genesis, readers may observe the ways Crumb continues his critique of monotheistic religion in a variety of subtle ways. Robert Crumb: Literature, Autobiography, and the Quest for Self concludes with an Epilogue which discusses Crumb’s present-day life in France and the ways he has continued to engage with spiritual and philosophical themes in his later work.
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Cole, Jean Lee. How the Other Half Laughs. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496826527.001.0001.
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In the popular press of the early twentieth century, immigrant masses and the tenement districts were frequently portrayed as occasions for laughter rather than as objects of pity or problems to be solved. This distinctly comic sensibility, most visible in the form of the comic strip, merged the grotesque with the urbane and the whimsical with the cynical, representing the world of what Jacob Riis called the “Other Half” with a jaundiced, yet sympathetic, eye. Various forms of the comic sensibility emerged from a competitive, collaborative environment fostered at newspapers and magazines published by figures including William Randolph Hearst, Joseph Pulitzer, and S. S. McClure. Characterized by a breezy, irreverent style and packaged in eye-catching typography, vibrant color, and dynamic page design, the comic sensibility combined the performative aspects of vaudeville and the variety of stage, the verbal improvisations of dialect fiction, and a multivalent approach to caricature that originated in nineteenth-century comic weeklies, such as Puck and Judge. Though it was firmly rooted in ethnic humor, the comic sensibility did not simply denigrate or dehumanize ethnic and racial minorities. Stereotype and caricature was used not just to make fun of the Other Half, but also to engage in pointed sociopolitical critique. Sometimes grotesque, sometimes shocking, at other times sweetly humorous or gently mocking, the comic sensibility ultimately enabled group identification and attracted a huge working-class audience.
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Mittelman, James H. The Development Paradigm and Its Critics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.421.
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Development cannot be separated from global political economy, but it is an inherent component of the latter. The concept of development was popularized through expansion of colonization, and underwent various transformations as the socio-political structure of the world changed over time. Thus, the central task of development theory is to determine and explain why some countries are underdeveloped and how these countries can develop. Such theories draw on a variety of social science disciplines and approaches. Accordingly, different development paradigms have emerged upon which different scholars have shown profound interests and to which they gave extensive criticisms—modernization, dependency, Marxism, postcolonialism, and globalization. With the recent emergence of the post-modern critique of development, power has become an important subject in the discourse of development. Nevertheless, a full theoretical understanding of the relations between power and development is still in its fledgling stage. Though highly apparent in human societies, social power per se is a polylithic discourse with no unified definition and implication, which has led different proponents of development paradigms to understand power differently. Although there is a dialectic contradiction between the different dialogic paradigms, the reality of development theory is that there is a large choice of theories and models from which field practicioners will draw pragmatically the most appropriate elements, or they will create their own model adapted to the situation.
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Myers, Tobias. Homer's Divine Audience. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842354.001.0001.
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This book lays out and explores a new ‘metaperformative’ approach to scenes of divine viewing, counsel, and intervention in the Iliad. Critics have often described the gods’ activities in terms of attendance at a ‘show’ and have suggested analogies to theatre and sports, but have done little to investigate the particular strategies by which the poet conveys the impression of gods attending a live, staged event. This book’s analysis of those strategies points to a ‘metaperformative’ significance to the motif of divine viewing: the poet is using the gods, in part, to model and thereby manipulate the ongoing dynamics of performance and live reception. The gods, like the external audience, are capable of a variety of emotional responses to events at Troy; notably pleasure, pity—and also great aloofness. By performing the speeches of the provocative, infuriating, yet ultimately obliging Zeus, the poet at key moments both challenges his listeners to take a stake in the continuation of the performance, and presents a sophisticated critique of possible responses to his poem. The result is a conception of epic not only as song that will transcend time through re-performance—as famously evinced in the Iliad’s meditations on kleos—but also as raw spectacle, in which audience ‘participation’, and complicity, magnify and complicate the emotional impact of the devastation at Troy.
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Florini, Sarah. Beyond Hashtags. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479892464.001.0001.
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In a culture dominated by discourses of “colorblindness” but still rife with structural racism, digital and social media have become a resource for Black Americans navigating a society that simultaneously perpetuates and obscures racial inequality. Though the Ferguson protests made such Black digital networks more broadly visible, these networks did not coalesce in that moment. They were built over the course of years through much less spectacular, though no less important, everyday use, including mundane social exchanges, humor, and fandom. This book explores these everyday practices and their relationship to larger social issues through an in-depth analysis of a network of Black American digital media users and content creators. These digital networks are used not only to cope with and challenge day-to-day experiences of racism, but also as an incubator for the discourses that have since exploded onto the national stage. This book tells the story of an influential subsection of these Black digital networks, including many Black amateur podcasts, the independent media company This Week in Blackness (TWiB!), and the network of Twitter users that has come to be known as “Black Twitter.” Grounded in her active participation in this network and close ethnographic collaboration with TWiB!, Sarah Florini argues that the multimedia, transplatform nature of this network makes it a flexible resource that can then be deployed for a variety of purposes—culturally inflected fan practices, community building, cultural critique, and citizen journalism. Florini argues that these digital media practices are an extension of historic traditions of Black cultural production and resistance.
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Jones, Alisha Lola. Flaming? Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190065416.001.0001.
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Flaming?: The Peculiar Theopolitics of Fire and Desire in Black Male Gospel Performance examines the rituals and social interactions of African American men who use gospel music-making as a means of worshiping God and performing gendered identities. Prompted by the popular term “flaming” that is used to identify over-the-top or peculiar performance of identity, Flaming? argues that these men wield and interweave a variety of multivalent aural-visual cues, including vocal style, gesture, attire, and homiletics, to position themselves along a spectrum of gender identities. These multisensory enactments empower artists (i.e., “peculiar people”) to demonstrate modes of “competence” that affirm their fitness to minister through speech and song. Through a progression of transcongregational case studies, Flaming? observes the ways in which African American men traverse tightly knit social networks to negotiate their identities through and beyond the worship experience. Coded and “read” as either hypermasculine, queer, or sexually ambiguous, peculiar gospel performances are often a locus of nuanced protest, facilitating a critique of heteronormative theology while affording African American men opportunities for greater visibility and access to leadership. Same-sex relationships among men constitute an open secret that is carefully guarded by those who elect to remain silent in the face of traditional theology, but musically performed by those compelled to worship “in Spirit and in truth.” This book thus examines the performative mechanisms through which black men acquire an aura of sexual ambiguity, exhibit an ostensible absence of sexual preference, and thereby gain social and ritual prestige in gospel music circles.
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Eikelboom, Lexi. Epilogue. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828839.003.0009.
Full textAbstract:
My attempt to address rhythm and its theological significance has involved a tension between description and construction. On the one hand, I merely point to rhythm as the ghost haunting theology, describing its varying forms and its effects on that with which it comes into contact. But the other side of this investigation has been a constructive attempt to put together a few of the pieces of what theology would be like if it were performed while keeping one eye on the ghost. The reader may have noticed that in doing so, I have, as far as possible, avoided explicitly aligning myself with any particular theological school, position, denomination, etc., although I offer critiques of certain projects and thinkers. I have, instead, borrowed liberally, though I hope not incoherently, from a wide range of eras, denominations, and theological commitments. The reason for this is that I have attempted to investigate the diversity of approaches to rhythm across Christian theology. Since there exists such a variety of approaches to rhythm, the category is clearly not restricted to a particular theological project. I want this book to reflect that diversity, not to make rhythm the concern of only a subsection of Christian theology. I want to avoid this project becoming absorbed into any particular theological project as a category associated with and somehow belonging to that project....
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Messinger, Adam M., and Xavier L. Guadalupe-Diaz, eds. Transgender Intimate Partner Violence. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479830428.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
A growing body of research finds that upward of half of transgender people experience intimate partner violence (IPV)—psychological, physical, or sexual abuse in romantic and sexual relationships—in their lifetimes, and consequences can be severe. Despite this, the movement to end IPV has focused almost exclusively on cisgender individuals, resulting in many transgender IPV (T-IPV) survivors being underserved and overlooked by the very laws and victim agencies tasked with protecting survivors. Research has illuminated a variety of unique aspects of T-IPV regarding the predictors of perpetration, the specific forms of abuse experienced, barriers to help seeking for survivors, and policy and intervention needs. As the first of its kind, this volume brings together leading T-IPV researchers and service providers to offer a comprehensive overview of past research and identify evidence-based strategies to foster systemic change in how transgender abuse is addressed in our policies and services. First the volume details known patterns of transgender abuse and examines, through an intersectional framework, the myriad ways in which discrimination and social inequality promote and enhance T-IPV. Second, the volume discusses how transphobia and cisnormativity impact the causes of T-IPV, survivor resiliency, and help seeking. Third, the volume reviews and critiques existing practices in how health care, shelters, policing, and the legal system intervene in T-IPV. The volume concludes with recommendations for transforming public health prevention, service provision, and research to ultimately build a safer and more inclusive world for transgender communities.
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Lupia, Arthur. Uninformed Why People Seem to Know So Little about Politics and What We Can Do about It. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190263720.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Research polls, media interviews, and everyday conversations reveal an unsettling truth: citizens, while well-meaning and even passionate about current affairs, appear to know very little about politics. Hundreds of surveys document vast numbers of citizens answering even basic questions about government incorrectly. Given this unfortunate state of affairs, it is not surprising that more knowledgeable people often deride the public for its ignorance. Some experts even think that less informed citizens should stay out of politics altogether. As Arthur Lupia shows in Uninformed, this is not constructive. At root, critics of public ignorance fundamentally misunderstand the problem. Many experts believe that simply providing people with more facts will make them more competent voters. However, these experts fail to understand how most people learn, and hence don't really know what types of information are even relevant to voters. Feeding them information they don't find relevant does not address the problem. In other words, before educating the public, we need to educate the educators. Lupia offers not just a critique, though; he also has solutions. Drawing from a variety of areas of research on topics like attention span and political psychology, he shows how we can actually increase issue competence among voters in areas ranging from gun regulation to climate change. To attack the problem, he develops an arsenal of techniques to effectively convey to people information they actually care about. Citizens sometimes lack the knowledge that they need to make competent political choices, and it is undeniable that greater knowledge can improve decision making. But we need to understand that voters either don't care about or pay attention to much of the information that experts think is important. Uninformed provides the keys to improving political knowledge and civic competence: understanding what information is important to and knowing how to best convey it to them.