Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Värmeväxlare'
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Parment, Rasmus. "En jämförelsestudie av värmeväxlare : Värmeöverföring för värmeväxlare i korrosiva miljöer." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kemiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34948.
Full textThere are huge gains in both the transport and industry sectors by making material use more efficient in products. This gain is found in both material costs and energy efficiency. Scandymet AB is a company that manufactures heat exchanger and electric immersion heaters for the surface treatment industry. This report aims to evaluate how well a spreadsheet used as basis for the dimensioning of heat exchangers at the company is consistent with reality. A test rig has therefore been designed and constructed to investigate the validity of the spreadsheet. The report presents the results of tests on four different heat exchangers and the results have been compared with the company’s spreadsheet. In all tests water has been used as the media to be heated, but since Scandymet AB’s heat exchanger’s main application is corrosive liquids, therefore I consider that a deeper investigation with additional fluids would be necessary to further deepen the knowledge in the area.
Eriksson, Alexander. "Tryckfall över värmeväxlare : En empirisk och teoretisk jämförelse av tryckfall över värmeväxlare." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för kemiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-34275.
Full textMalm, Diana. "Fuktåterföring i roterande värmeväxlare." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102116.
Full textTo have a chance to change the trend of increased greenhouse gases are international collaborations necessary. Therefore, the EU through the environmental quality objective of Reduced Environmental Impact sat requirements for maximum allowable emissions of greenhouse gases. Reducing energy use for heating is a step that also reduces emissions of carbon dioxide; which is one of the greenhouse gases. Reducing energy use can be done in several ways, including by increasing the thickness of the insulation or heat recovery from exhaust air. However, these measures should not be uncritically made. The use of a rotating heat exchanger is a means to recover heat from exhaust air. The air then passes a rotor with open channels that rotates around its own axis over to the supply air side. This allows moisture transfer regardless of whether or not the rotor is hygroscopic. That is, the ability of the channel wall to take up water molecules or not. Measurements of relative humidity, temperature and dew point has been made on three objects. Thereafter steam content and efficiencies was calculated. In other words, the objects are referred to single- ore two-family homes where a rotary heat exchanger is installed in the ventilation system. The objects are located in Linköping, Stockholm and Norway. An example calculation is set up that shows how moisture efficiency is affected by different moisture addition. In reality in which the conditions is not stationary the moisture supplement that is a prerequisite for the results of these calculation examples. In this report, the writer thus concluded that moisture reversal will occur even for non- hygroscopic heat exchangers. Although the moisture efficiency corresponds with a certain slowness in the recovery of a temporarily elevated moisture addition. Moisture efficiency is significant for moisture supplement of about 1-2 g/m3.
Heibert, Jimmy, and Marcus Johansson. "Delta X : Utveckling av värmeväxlare." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Engineering Sciences, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-126538.
Full textStockholms vattenskärning AB in Kungsängen has through the acquisition of a company begun to design and produce aircraft heaters whose origin is early 1970s which follows a high inefficiency in terms of energy consumption and size.
The aircraft heater, which is sold worldwide, serves its purpose for customer satisfaction and has done so ever since it was developed in the 70s.
Stockholms vattenskärning AB is now investigating the possibility in making the aircraft heaters more efficient, both in terms of energy consumption but also on a more efficient design with the belief that it would lead them to an edge in the market.
The aircraft heater consists of several main components whose function altogether is to keep passenger aircrafts warm while they are on the ground.
This project has been limited to the further development of the heat exchanger package which accounts for the conversion of the hot medium to the fresh air being carried in to the aircraft cabin.
Work has been divided into different phases in order to create a better understanding of the project range and to make it easier to divide the various elements in the time available, 10 weeks. These phases are literature review, situation analysis, concept generation, CAD, concept comparison and writing reports.
After the initial literature review was made, a fundamental theory was written which is essential in understanding the remaining parts of the project.
With the theoretical part as support, measurements and calculations were made on the current heat exchange package in a situation analysis to ensure its operation and efficiency.
In the concept generation phase, the collected facts from the literature review was used as the basis for creating a matrix. The purpose of the matrix was to indicate the two most suitable types of heat exchangers to develop four new concepts out of.
In the CAD phase the four concepts was drawn up and then described with text and images.
The last phase is the concept comparison where a concept selection matrix is used to function as a decision basis for further production at Stockholms vattenskärning AB.
The four concepts have been developed based on the current heat exchanger and is gradually changed into a design of a cross-flow heat exchanger constructed out of stainless sections. The purpose of this is to have gradual upgrading of the heat exchanger as an option, in order not to saturate the market.
Stenberg, Jesper, and Vincent Liu. "Värmeväxlare med luftkonditionering för tvättstugor." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-166786.
Full textEnergin i tvättstugor, i form av uppvärmd luft, kan tas tillvara med en värmeväxlare. Ett koncept och en tidig prototyp av produkten har redan tagits fram för att visa att principen fungerar. I den här rapporten presenteras hur vidareutveckling och konstruktion av produkten har gått till. Initialt gjordes en fältstudie för att få en bild av produktens användningsområde och utformning. Beräkningar gjordes för den vanligast förekommande tvättmaskinen och energimängden i luften. De tester som tidigare gjorts på den befintliga prototypen presenteras i rapporten för att ge en bild av produktens kapacitet. Den avslutande delen av förstudien avser de liknande produkter som idag finns på marknaden. Förstudien resulterade i en sammanställning av de bivillkor och begränsningar som gäller för produkten. Denna ligger i sin tur som grund vid konceptgenerering och vidare konstruktion. Tre huvudkoncept för utformning av produkten togs fram och utifrån dessa valdes ett slutgiltigt koncept. När konstruktionen påbörjades gjordes en uppdelning i två utvecklingslinjer. En som ska ligga till grund för framtagning av prototyper och en som ska vara underlag för produktion i större serie. Vid konstruktionen togs det hänsyn till materialval och tillverkningsmetoder vilka också skilde sig åt mellan de två spåren. Resultatet för utvecklingslinjen för framtagning av prototyp är detaljritningar på alla ingående komponenter och sammanställningsritningar över hur de ska monteras. För utvecklingslinjen för framtagning av underlag till serieproduktion är resultatet presentationsbilder som kan användas för att sälja och beskriva produkten.
Hiller, Alexander, and Niklas Björkman. "Optimering av befintliga värmeväxlare i massaindustrin." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54171.
Full textAlkhuder, Juma, and Sandra Johansson. "Prestandaanalys vid rengöring av värmeväxlare i fjärrvärmecentral för småhus : Fallstudie på rengöring av en värmeväxlare för småhus." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34465.
Full textFouling of plate heat exchangers in district heating substations reduces the cooling of circulating water in the district heating network. This increases energy production at the district heating plant, which results in increased greenhouse gas emissions. The amount of fouling depends on the quality of the water and material in the system. This study evaluates the performance change of heat exchangers in district heating substations for residential housing before and after cleaning, and new heat exchangers. Performance is measured in the laboratory by measuring temperatures before and after cleaning at specified flows. The evaluation includes performance change of UA-value, Temperature efficiency, Effectiveness NTU and possible impact on greenhouse gas emissions from Borlänge Energi's district heating system.The results of the study show that cleaning of residential heat exchangers with the CIP method has a certain effect on both the tap water heat exchanger and the heat exchanger. For the heat exchanger, the improvement in performance is small where the UA-value increases between 10-202 W/˚C compared to the tap water heat exchanger where it is between 205-870 W/˚C. The highest effect is the cleaning on the tap water heat exchanger at higher flow. The heat transfer is equivalent for a new heat exchanger and the cleaned one.Reduced return temperature from the district heating network leads to an improved efficiency at the district heating plant, which contributes to a reduction in the amount of greenhouse gas emissions. According to the results and calculations performed in the study, by cleaning the return temperature can be reduced by 2,3 ˚C ± 0.4% from the district heating substations in residential houses to Borlänge Energy's district heating network.Cleaning of tap water heat exchangers can be an alternative to switching to a new one for the homeowner, provided that the price for cleaning is lower than buying a new one and that the district heating system has flow rate tariff. However, this does not apply to the heat exchanger where the difference in heat transfer between one with fouling and a new or cleaned is marginal.
Vidar, Caroline. "Värmeåtervinning på förskolan Rymdattacken 1 : En jämförelse av värmeväxlare." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96410.
Full textNilsson, Ola, and Ronny Winquist. "Design of an integrated plastic device." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2542.
Full textCizmeli, Claudia. "En jämförelse ur energisynpunkt mellan roterande värmeväxlare och frånluftsvärmepump i universitetsbyggnad." Thesis, KTH, Byggteknik och design, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-128525.
Full textTo meet the renovated KTH building’s future requirements, the existing ventilation system will be replaced. Two different possible heat recovery systems have been compared in regards of district heating. The existing system of water coil heat exchanger has low heat recovery efficiency and Akademiska Hus wishes for a system with higher heat recovery. A rotating heat exchanger and exhaust air heat pump have been compared in regards of heating the supply air. At times when heat recoveries from these systems are not sufficient, the district heating will be in use. In the calculations five rotating heat exchangers and varying number of exhaust air heat pumps have been compared. Through this varying results will occur and the district heating demand will increase/decrease the fewer/more pumps that are taken into account. The exhaust air heat pumps are assumed to be both constant and down going. At the constant use of exhaust air heat pumps the results show that (when in maximum occupancy) the district heating demand with five rotating heat exchangers is lower than when using the five (or fewer) exhaust air heat pumps. During probable occupancy the district heating demand with five rotating heat exchangers is lower than when using two (or fewer) exhaust air heat pumps. The district heating demand is lower when using rotating heat exchangers than the “down going” numbers of exhaust air heat pumps. Only office- and apartment building acquired heating systems have been compared due to the high air flows. The selection of manufacturer of these systems may affect the district heating demand.
Granlund, Alexander. "Frostskyddsreglering i batterivärmeväxlare : Utvärdering av värmeväxlare av modell Ecoterm och Econet." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148334.
Full textThis master’s thesis was written in collaboration with Fläkt Woods in order to evaluate the frost protection control of two run-around coil heat exchangers, their older model Ecoterm and their newer model Econet. The frost protection of Ecoterm is only reliant on the temperature of the liquid circuit whereas Econet also regards the dewpoint temperature of the exhaust air, as to not activate the frostprotection unnecessarily. Ecoterm uses bypass control for frost protection and defrosting whereas Econet first increases the liquid flowrate before initiating bypass control. The evalutation is built upon data collected from the university hospital in Umeå, NUS, mainly during february 2018, with a minimum outside temperature of -23°C. Ecoterm starts defrosting when the liquid temperature reaches -5°C, which correlates to an outside temperature of -14°C irregardless if there is any risk of frost growth, which there was not during the measuring period. For Econet the results were more difficult to interpret, but imply that bypass control only was nescessary at two occasions during the whole measuring period. This is partly due to the design of Econet, which integrates the additional heating, normally reserved for a separate battery, into the heat exchangers liquid circuit. The results for Ecoterm show the limitations of single parameter controlled frost protection and why better frost protection control is necessary for highly efficient heat exchangers. For quantifiable results further studies are required.
Karlsson, Rikard. "Återvinning av rökgaser vid asfaltstillverkning." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Mechanical Engineering, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-10398.
Full textSkanska asfalt och betong önskade veta om det är möjligt att tillvarata värmen som följer med rökgaserna vid asfaltstillverkning. Frågeställningen har uppkommit hos ansvariga för produktionen. Kunskapen om rökgasens energiinnehåll har varit begränsad, men insikten och spekulationer om dess energiinnehåll har i många år diskuterats. Då Skanska har som mål att bli det ledande gröna projekt- och byggbolaget ligger det i deras intresse att spara energi, likväl miljö och ekonomi.
Fokus i arbetet har varit att bestämma rökgasens energiinnehåll och hur energin är fördelad i rökgasen. På så sätt kunna välja rätt metod för att återvinna rökgasenergin till att förvärma förbränningsluften och spara energi.
Resultatet är ett program för att beräkna rökgasens energiinnehåll och förslag till metod för att spara energi vid asfaltsverket i Forserum.
Nyckelord
- Asfaltstillverkning
- Energiåtervinning
- Miljö
- Rökgas
- Stökiometri
- Värmeväxlare
- Vattenånga
Skanska expressed a wish to investigate if it is possible to reduce the lost of energy that occurs during production of asphalt. Exhaust gas contents a lot of energy. The issue has arisen at responsible for the production. The knowledge about exhaust gas and the distribution of energy has been limited, although energy has been discussed over the years. Skanska has as objective to become a green company and therefore energy saving is of great importance, both for the environment and the economic. I focused on investigate the energy of the exhaust gas and how the energy is divided in the exhaust gas. The purpose was to create basic data for decisions-making for energy recovery.
The efforts resulted in a programme in order to calculate the distribution of energy in the exhaust gas and provide Skanska with some proposal for energy-saving. The report includes two concepts for preheating of the gas mixture.
Keywords:
- Asphalt
- Energy-saving
- Enviroment
- Exhaust gas
- Stoichiometric
- Heatexchanger
- Aqueous steam
Eriksson, Viktor. "Energikartläggning av ett mjukpappersbruk : Värmeåtervinning som alternativ till ånga för uppvärmning av lokaler." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-45444.
Full textThe pulp and paper industry in Sweden accounted for 51% of the Swedish industrial sector's total energy consumption in 2015. This makes it particularly important for the Swedish pulp and paper industries to document their energy on a regular basis to identify where and how energy is used, a so-called energy audit. This allows for the weaknesses in the system to be identified and measures to fix them can then be developed. This study was performed on Katrinefors mill, which is located in Mariestad and is one of three tissue mill that the group Metsä Group has in Sweden. Katrinefors mill uses both recycled fiber and virgin wood fibers to produce tissue paper in the form of toilet paper and paper towels among others. An energy audit on Katrinefors mill was performed where the mill's total energy consumption in 2015 was identified by analyzing Excel documents used by the mill to document their energy usage. The heat recovery system for the wet air from one of the paper machines Yankee hoods was also studied to see if additional energy could be extracted from one of the heat exchangers for use in the heating system. The mass flow of air and water through the Yankee hood was calculated using mass balances. The energy content in the air at different positions in the heat recovery system was established using energy- and mass balance calculations together with dry- and wet bulb temperature measurements. Calculations were performed for the amount of water that would be required to humidify the air to a saturated state. It was assumed that if the air were to be saturated that the heat transfer in the heat exchanger would increase due to a higher rate of condensation. The energy audit showed that the paper machines and deinking plant was the mill's largest energy users. It also showed that the improvements made at the mill since 2010 have led to a steadily declining energy usage per ton of paper produced per year. The results of the calculations regarding the heat recovery shows that the energy content of the air would suffice to cover the heating of all buildings that otherwise would rely on steam. The results show, however, that the heat exchanger studied probably is not big enough and that it would need to be supplemented or replaced by a new heat exchanger. The actions developed in this study could still be possible to implement without supplementing or replacing the existing heat exchanger. This requires a further study investigating the heating requirements for the each building individually to see if a portion of the total heating could be covered by the measures presented in this study.
Möller, Albin Möller, and Jennifer Wällstedt. "Designoptimering av stålchassi inom biogasapplikationer : - Ett kostnadseffektivt koncept för värmeväxlare i rötkammare." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad maskinteknik (KTH Södertälje), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170078.
Full textJenschke, Albin, and Clement Piers. "Framtagande av mätningsmetod för internt läckage i ventilationsaggregat." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30983.
Full textÖman, Sandra. "Konstruktion av en nedsänkt värmeväxlare för nyttjande av lågvärdig värme vid urladdning av bergrum." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Energivetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79143.
Full textAs the development and use of renewable energy sources grow, the need for energy storage is becoming increasingly important. Rock storage is a tried and tested method most commonly used to store seasonal heat from district heating. A previous degree project was carried out at PiteEnergi, with the aim of investigating whether it is possible to store district heating from a low-temperature grid at Haraholmen in an adjacent cavern. The conclusion was that there are good conditions for rock storage, but when discharging there were still a lot of energy left in the cavern. This degree project is a continuation of a previous work, to investigate the possibility of using a submerged heat exchanger to utilize even the low energy left in the underground caverns. The submerged heat exchanger has been designed in this thesis and resulted in 30 kilometre long steel pipes, divided into five parallel coupled heat exchangers with the outer diameter of 89 mm. The immersed heat exchanger constructed in this project has a payback time of 10 years and a life expectancy of 30 years. After 30 years, the profit from the investment would be about 30 million SEK. Compared to a classic heat exchanger, the submerged heat exchanger has the possibility of annually charging about 1 GWh more than before. This compared to a classic heat exchanger that only uses the high-quality energy from the water in the underground cavern that is hot enough to run directly to the district heating network.
Renström, Thom, and Henrik Sundbäck. "Energiutredning på Chips AB, Åland." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Energisystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94573.
Full textAn energy analysis has been made at Chips AB to investigate how the energy is distributed over the various production lines. Energy from processes common to all production lines have also been investigated. Energy use for these have been distributed over the production lines since the products also should carry these energy costs. There, it is shown that the potato chips line is using by far the most energy in a year, 13,200 MWh, but it is the line that runs the most too. The potato mash line had the second largest energy use, at 6,600 MWh. But when the energy usage was calculated per kilogram produced, it turned out that it was the potato mash line that use the most energy, 2.75 kWh/kg. From the total energy use the cost and carbon emissions were calculated, both in total and per produced kilogram. Here it showed that the potato mash line also has the highest emissions of carbon dioxide and the highest energy cost per kilogram produced. It is also the potato chips line that has the second highest emissions of carbon dioxide per kilogram produced, but it is the fried products from the PF2 line that has the second highest energy cost per kilogram pro- duced. This is because the fryer in the PF2 line uses oil to heat up the frying oil. Several proposed measures to reduce energy use have been developed. Three of the chimneys that were measured at Chips AB had a lot of excess heat that can be used, it was the potato chips fryer, the PF1 boiler and the PF1 fryer. The best proposed measures is to use the excess heat for space heating and domestic hot water and to heat the blanching water. Together, these measures could at best be able to provide an annual saving of approximately € 516,000, and still have a payback period of less than a year. Other proposed measures that also were inves- tigated were preheating of the air to the potato chips boiler, absorption cooling and power generation, but these proposals had less savings and longer payback periods than the first pro- posals.
Trubarac, Miki, and Nikola Trubarac. "Energibesparing för uppvärmning av vatten i simhall : Exempel från Sunnerbohallen i Ljungby." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-36425.
Full textEdin, Oscar. "Modellering och simuleringar för att analysera förbättringsmöjligheter av värmeöverföring från kondensor i en diskmaskin med värmepump." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-55399.
Full textToday, the world is faced with major challenges when dealing with environmental problems and their consequences. The most critical issue on a global scale has been identified as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to the enhanced greenhouse effect through elevated average temperatures around the globe. A large part of GHG emissions is linked to fossil-based electricity production. Within the EU, almost half of all electricity is produced by combustion of fossil fuels such as natural gas and coal. It is therefore of great importance that this type of production is phased out, but also that the consumption of electricity by consumers is reduced. In the domestic appliances industry, continuous development towards more energy-efficient solutions has been happening in response to climate change threats and stiff competition in the global marketplace. In the field of dishwasher development, ASKO Appliances AB investigates the possibilities of reducing electricity consumption by their machines. A suggested solution is to supplement the machines with a heat pump for heating the wash water instead of only a conventional electrical element. Studies have shown that this method of water heating can reduce electricity consumption by up to 24%. The solution means that a coil-shaped condenser is placed in the bottom-well of the machine to deliver heat to the bypassed water. In this work, focus is placed on the condenser unit in the heat pump system and its geometry, with the purpose of evaluating the possibilities for improved heat transfer to the water by simulating different geometries on the condenser. In this work, the COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to create a 3D model over the system and simulate different geometries and conditions. The model is validated by comparison with experimental data. Flow simulations evaluates the emitted power of the component when changing the diameter of the condenser, pipe diameter, and increased distance between the turns (pitch) and number of turns in the coil. Results presented in this study show that it is possible to improve the condenser-performance in comparison to the original design, if the pipe diameter is increased. One alternative means that the number of turns on the condenser is maintained according to the original design and the diameter is increased by 3 mm, which generates a 22 % increase of heat transfer rate. A second option is to remove one turn on the condenser and increase the diameter by 4.5 mm, resulting in a 24% increased heat transfer rate. The analysis of increasing the distance between the turns shows that the condenser’s heat transfer decreases as the distances increase. By analyzing the flow distribution around the condenser, it has been found that this effect occurs due to the nature of the outlet, which causes large areas with low velocities around the condenser. Discussion has been made on how this can be prevented and there is good potential to conduct further studies in the matter.
Andersson, Lena. "Singeltubvärmeväxlare för EGR-applikationer." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170914.
Full textNorell, Helmsjö David. "Utjämning av effekttoppar från avisning av tåg i Luleås fjärrvärmenät." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-450850.
Full textJoel, Wernberg. "Energiåtervinning från styrd ventilation med värmeväxlare i liggtimmerbyggnad : En studie av uppmätt och simulerad energibesparing i Piteå Gamla Rådhus." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69151.
Full textHeinemo, Marcus, and Carl Bäckström. "Rakrörshantering." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Monteringsteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69368.
Full textJonsson, Reine. "Energieffektivisering i flerbostadshus : Undersökning av lönsamheten med energieffektivare ventilation." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-7441.
Full textThis thesis is based on a case study for the real estate manager Mimer in Västerås. Mimer provides a great deal of this city’s rental apartments. Many of their buildings have ventilation systems with a type of heat-recovery called “heatpipe”. This case study focuses on two buildings which have certain problems with these heatpipes. The recovery rates of the existing systems are low, and one building suffers from a warm indoor climate in the summertime. Problems with the indoor climate seem to stem from a faulty installation of the heatpipe. This building does also have considerably higher energy consumption than the other one, which leads suspicions to overloaded fan motors.
The main purpose of this study is to retrieve information about the present situation energy- and ecomonywise. A new type of heat recovery and new fans has been chosen by Mimer in order to calculate expected new energy consumption for these buildings. These values will lead to a few LCC calculations which show life cycle costs for the existing systems and the new systems. Based on the LCC calculations one or more options will be chosen as a recommended action for the ventilation systems. The recommendations will be analysed and discussed from different point of views that are relevant for a real estate manager.
Marouf, Tawga. "Beräkningsalgoritm för fouling i pelletervärmeväxlare inom plasttillverkning." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28627.
Full textSveriges energianvändning är uppdelad i tre stora sektorer. Ett av dem är industrin. En tredjedel av Sveriges energiförbrukning omvandlas inom industrierna. Kemiindustrin är av dem industrier som har stort energibehov. Detta examensarbete tar upp effektivisering inom industrin, närmre sett plasttillverkningsindustrin. Effektiviseringen berör värmeväxlare och dess foulingresistans och även pumpar. Examensarbetet kan spegla industrin i den stora bilden då värmeväxlare och pumpar finns väldigt utspritt och effektiviseras dessa har en stor energi och miljöeffektivisering gjorts. För att energieffektivisera inom detta examensarbete har en beräkningsalgoritm tagits fram. Arbetet har delats upp i mätvärden, beräkningar genomförande och analys. Resultatet blev en Excel-ark som kan användas för att beräkna foulingresistansen i en plattvärmeväxlare.
Svanqvist, Christian. "Inkopplingsalternativ för frånluftsvärmepumpar : Analys av flerbostadshus i Kungälv." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-66448.
Full textHilbert, Wiman Sara. "Energibesparing med bergvärmepump och värmeväxlare : Månadsvisa beräkningar för ett nytt och ett äldre småhus i Västerås samt en jämförelse mot kraven för nära-nollenergibyggnader." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54259.
Full textStrandgren, Rasmus. "Projektering av Fjärrvärmeinstallation vid ”Alimak group AB”s anläggning i Skellefteå." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74907.
Full textThe current energy usage worldwide is playing a central part in polluting the atmosphere and accelerating climate change. Intelligent technical solutions coupled with new behavioral patterns are our best tools to battle climate change and minimize our impact on the planet. Amongst these innovations and changes to our lifestyle, a central part is our usage of fossil fuels, of which usage is being restricted by governments worldwide, commonly via taxes. This forces us to reinvent ourselves and search for other options where we can, to minimize both our costs and our emissions of greenhouse gases. Alimak in Skellefteå is currently finding themselves in a similar situation, and therefore requested a proposal for a new heating system on one of their properties to be delivered by Caverion via this report. The task at hand was to investigate the viability of changing out their current heating sources, three oil-furnaces to a new district heating powered system, and come up with a concrete proposal for a solution, and evaluate the economical profitability. Through a broad study of literature on the subject and several trips to the property to examine it, the heating power required to maintain an arbitrary indoor climate was calculated, with respect to the buildings shell, ventilation and infiltration. With this accomplished an entirely new heating system could be dimensioned to fit the property based on the given conditions. With this all done, the buildings annual energy consumption could be calculated and from that the theoretical operational costs emerged, to be compared with the oil-furnaces of today. The results of it all, is a proposal for a complete new heating package including fan-heaters, piping, control system and district heating substation. Amounting to an investment of 555 000 SEK, the system is deemed adequate to maintain a comfortable climate and circulate the warm air throughout the entirety of the rooms wherein the heaters are placed, and provide a sufficient margin of power given the uncertainties within the calculations. The investment turns out to lower the operational costs significantly, and an estimated 380-480 000 SEK will be saved annually depending on which of the options are chosen. Furthermore since this means that none of the oil-furnaces will remain, all the carbon dioxide emissions associated with heating the building are eliminated, previously amounting to a rough 244 tons annually in previous years. Needless to say this is a phenomenal gain for the environment. In addition to these main advantages of the proposal, there is also the completely enhanced level of operational reliability, controllability and overview of the plant that has previously not been available. With modern technology, the entire heating system can be controlled centrally and automatically and together with the proposed ventilation system the entire operation of building can be run fully automatically.
Rask, Kristoffer. "Värmeåtervinning ur spillvatten : En utredning av möjligheterna med spillvattenvärmeväxlare." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12440.
Full textSyftet med arbetet är att undersöka möjligheterna med att återvinna värme från spillvatten i bostäder. Fakta och relevant teori inom området har samlats ihop och sammanfattats i denna rapport. Egna beräkningar har gjorts för att utvärdera hur mycket det är möjligt att återvinna. Tekniken för spillvattenvärmeväxling är enkel och växlarna håller i regel länge och kräver inget underhåll. En spillvattenvärmeväxlare kopplas in så att motströmsvärmeväxling uppnås. En växlare ansluts till utgående spillvattenledning och inkommande kallvattenledning. Ett problem är att de större växlarna för flerbostadshus kan vara platskrävanade och dyra. En installation av en växlare lämpar sig bäst vid nybyggnation för både småhus och flerbostadshus. Vid renoveringar av miljonprogrammen som uppfördes på 1960–70-tal finns det goda möjligheter att installera spillvattenvärmeväxlare då man genom exempelvis en stamrenovering gör ingrepp på befintliga ledningar, detta kan minska installationskostnaderna. Det finns inga tillkommande risker för legionellabakterier med spillvattenvärmeväxlare. Mer utveckling borde ske inom området så att nya modeller tillkommer. För nuvarande är den vertikala växlaren liten och passar bäst i småhus medan den horisontella växlaren passar bättre vid större anläggningar, med utveckling kan modellerna anpassas så de kan fungera oavsett användningsområde. I småhus bör man i första hand titta på andra åtgärder att för att minska energiförbrukningen, exempelvis driftoptimering, tätning av fönster, tilläggsisolering av vind m.m. En spillvattenvärmeväxlare kan istället vara ett alternativ för ett lågenergihus eller passivhus där vanliga åtgärder redan vidtagits. Ungefär 20 % av energiåtgången för tappvarmvatten kan tillgodoräknas som internvärme, med en installerad spillvattenvärmeväxlare ökar denna del vilket är bra då mindre effekt krävs till värmesystemet. En stor fördel som kan ses med spillvattenvärmeväxling är att tappvarmvattenförbrukningen är relativt konstant under året till skillnad från exempelvis värmebehovet. Utifrån givna scenarion visade beräkningarna i denna rapport att 43 % kunde besparas i småhus och 17 % i flerbostadshus.
Vatn, Sandra. "Möjligheter för nyttiggörandet av värme : Från två metallindustrier i Kronobergs län." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggd miljö och energiteknik (BET), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45080.
Full textVikström, Jimmy. "Tappvarmvattenanvändning i idrottsanläggningar : Mätning av sannolikt flöde." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-137213.
Full textFor residential buildings there are equations and guidelines how to calculate the dimensioning flow for tap hot water. These types of calculation methods however does not exist for sports facilities where a large group of people shower simultaneously, for example, after a sport activity or a physical education lecture. The problem today is that the engineers doesn’t know exactly how to estimate the dimensioning flow, therefore the existing methods often results in over dimensioned heat exchangers and valves. The purpose with this bachelor thesis is to perform flow measurements on four sport facilities of different sizes. Determine if there are any correlation between them, and elaborate guidelines on how to estimate the dimensioning flow with different number of tap valves in the facilities. Measurements have been made on three sport auditoriums and one public bath. The sport auditoriums have 91, 39 and 32 tap valves each, and the public bath has 28 tap valves. The measuring period is one and two weeks for the facilities and the flow measurement instrument is an ultrasonic flowmeter with a sampling interval of one minute. Measurement data for each facility have been evaluated and then compiled into two equations that will function as guidelines for sport auditoriums, and one equation that will function as guideline for public baths. These recommendations will be helpful when dimensioning the tap hot water flow and the power of the heat exchanger and dimensioning the adjusting valve for the district heating hot water. For public baths the equation below should work as a guideline to dimension the tap hot water flow, where is the number of tap places for showering in the public dressing rooms, and is the normal tap water flow from the mixers in the public dressing rooms. If there is a central thermostatic mixing valve in the facility, can be set to 0,085 l/s. is the dimensioning flow for the rest of the tap water valves in the facility and is calculated with a well-entrenched method. For sport auditorium two equations will work as guidelines to dimension the tap hot water flow. One equation is correlated to the amount of shower tap valves in the public dressing rooms, and the other one is correlated to the total amount of tap places in the facility. The equation above is correlated to the amount of showers in the public dressing rooms, where is the amount of tap places for showering in the public dressing rooms. The equation above is correlated to the amount of tap places in the facility, where is the total amount of tap places that uses tap hot water in the facility.
Marklund, Emma. "Oljeförbränning och kylning - är det verkligen nödvändigt? : Effektivisering av spillvärmeanvändning inom LKAB:s fjärrvärmesystem i Kiruna." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Energivetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79853.
Full textAt LKAB's site in Kiruna, there are three pellet plants with associated systems for heat recovery that take advantage of the heat in the exhaust gases from the pellet plants. These three heat recovery systems are the main producers of heat for the internal district heating system, which consists of eight different flow circuits connected with heat exchangers. To balance the production of district heating in the system against the consumption, there are oil boilers placed in the system. These burn oil when there is too little heat available from the heat recovery system. On occasions when there is too much heat available at the heat recovery system, is it possible to cool off some heat to the process water system using three cooling heat exchangers. This heat exchangers are directly connected to the flow circuits close to each heat recovery system. Due to the complexity of the system operating situations sometimes occur where heat is cooled away to the process water at the same time as it is burning oil in the district heating system. The aim of the thesis is to find measures that can reduce the amount of oil burned while cooling heat from the heat recovery system. Due to the complexity of the system, only the three flow circuits closest connected to the heat recovery systems will be analyzed. Therefore the assumption was made that there are no other restrictions affecting the possibilities of transferring the heat from the district heating heat exchangers connected to the heat recovery systems to the consumers in the grid. To analyze the problem values for each hour during 2018 have been used for all relevant sensors in the system. The unnecessary oil combustion that has occurred while heat has been cooled off to the process water system has been defined by comparing the amount of oil combustion in the entire system during that time with the sum of the heat that cools of at the same time in the three cooling heat exchangers. At the beginning of the work, it was revealed that there is a control coupled to the flow circuit closest to pellet plant 4 which ensures that part of the heat always cools against the cooling heat exchanger, to ensure temperatures in the process water system. According to information from LKAB, an assumption is made that this heat can be used in the district heating system instead. It was also found flow restrictions on the secondary side of the three district heat exchangers. These restrictions were part of the control of the district heating outlet from the three flow circuits, but analysis showed that these limitations had caused an increase in the oil combustion by reducing the possibilities for extraction of waste heat. In 2018, combustion of oil produced 12.03 GWh heat at the same time as heat was cooled off from the heat recovery system, which corresponds to 67% of total oil combustion during the same year. If the intentional cooling to the process water system from pellet plant 4 ceased, this could be reduced to 10.75 GWh for 2018. Adjustments of the flow restrictions specified for the secondary side of the three district heat exchangers resulted in greater improvements. If these were raised from 320 m3/h to 380 m3/h for pellet plant 2 and from 480 m3/h and 350 m3/h to 530 m3/h for pellet plant 3 and 4, respectively, the unnecessary oil combustion could decrease to 5.75 GWh in 2018. Combining the two measures would result in only 4.96 GWh of oil being burned in 2018 while cooling heat to the process water.
Björk, Andreas, and Tobias Enander. "Validering och utveckling av matematisk modell av rökgaskondensering : En undersökning av matematiska modeller avrökgaskondensering samt en studie av hur yttre faktorerpåverkar rökgaskondenseringen i kraftvärmeverk." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanisk värmeteori och strömningslära, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157763.
Full textWhen burning fuels with high water or hydrogen content, much of the combustion energy follows themoist air that leaves the chimney at the plant. A common example is the combustion of wood fuel orhousehold waste in CHP-plants. In order to increase the plant's efficiency and at the same time clean theair from sulfur dioxide and metals, a flue gas condensation of scrubber-type can be used. Cool water isinjected into a filling bed and meets the hot flue gas. When the flue gases are cooled, energy is released bythe water in the flue gases when vapor turns into liquid form, energy that can be used e.g. to heat thedistrict heating network's return line. This work has been carried out on behalf of Hifab DU-teknik, which in the past year has carried outstudies and calculations of the flue gas condensation at the Torsvik CHP plant, which has led to improvedefficiency. Through simulations and calculations in Matlab, this report tries to verify the optimalcondensate flow calculated by DU technology and study how the plant is affected by changed flows andtemperatures in the district heating network’s return line. The authors of this work have put a lot of effort into understanding the theory of heat exchangers andenergy in moist air in depth. The theoretical framework we set up can be seen as a thorough introductionto the subjects and an in-depth study compared to the usual course content during the Bachelor's degreeprogram in mechanical engineering at Linköping University. The goal of the preparatory method work has been to find expressions of the different temperatures inthe plant that make it possible to simulate changes in the plant. Models have been developed to be able tosimulate and calculate the outgoing temperatures given different mass flows using the ingoingtemperatures in a heat exchanger. The model has proven to work well for the heat exchanger, which isconnected to the district heating network. In the calculations of temperatures out of the filling bed, twomethods have been tested. The authors’ has studied what happens if the condensate temperature out ofthe filling bed is set to the dew temperature of the flue gases. Attempts have also been made to considerthe filling bed as a kind of heat exchanger. The result of the authors' calculations of condensate flow differs to a certain extent from the DU-teknik’scalculated condensate flows during a changed boiler load in the plant. To end up at the same result, thehot condensate temperature needed to take a slightly higher temperature than the dew temperature. Theassumption is reasonable to make, but it is difficult to draw any conclusions about the magnitude. Regarding the method of considering the filling bed as a heat exchanger, there are both successes andshortcomings. The success lies in that the trend for the different temperatures seems to be in line with thetheory that the authors have presented for heat exchangers and what happens when the massflowsincrease or decrease in a heat exchanger. However, the shortcomings lie in the fact that the method doesnot take into account that heat is released during the condensation, but is based entirely on the fact thatthe fluid in the filling bed do not undergo phase transformations. Two important proposals for continued work are highlighted at the end of the report. It would beinteresting to study the possibility of considering the filling bed as two separate heat exchangers, where thedry flue gases encounter a partial current of the condensate and the moisture in the flue gases meetsanother partial current of the condensate. Furthermore, a desire is made to test the flue gas condensationin the future at different condensate flows for a longer period of time in order to achieve stationaryconditions in the temperatures. The data can later be used to produce mathematical expressions of whathappens to the outgoing temperatures of the filling bed when the condensate flow changes or when theingoing temperature of the filling bed increases or decreases.
Säker, Robin. "Lönsamheten för energiåtervinning i ventilation Kv. Bordsgossen : Undersökning kring lönsamheten av att installera energiåtervinning i ett 60-tals flerbostadshus." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24045.
Full textSince the oil crisis in the 1970’s the western world has sought to find energy-efficient methods for heating in real estate. In the EU, the housing sector accounts for about 40% of the total energy demand, and the single largest part of man's ecological footprint is carbon dioxide emissions, primarily through the use of fossil fuels in which the energy sector has historically accounted for a large part of its emissions. Oil has in the terms of heating almost entirely been phased out and over the last 30 years the ventilations development has seen a great deal of progress where the market constantly strives for better efficiency and environmentally friendly techniques. The industry has managed to almost at full extent to remove fossil fuels as a source of heating for housing. On the ventilation side, the technique has come so far that systems start returning from large complex systems to the simpler systems that is optimized, for example, exhaust air heat pumps (EHAP). Exhaust air heat pumps are expected have a good future ahead where the efficiency of the pumps, the so-called COP-value (coefficient of performance), is predicted to be doubled. Kv. Bordsgossen is a multi-family house in central part of the city of Gävle and consists of five houses divided into 53 apartments and on the ground floor consists of offices and retail premises. The property, which dates back to 1963, has no energy recovery and the property owner, Svedinger Fastigheter wants to change this. This report has investigated whether there is profitability for a exhaust air heat pump in the property's apartments, as well as the profitability of heat exchanger for the property's garage as well as for the premises that accommodate the company Arkitektkopia. The result shows that, at the estimated installation cost, there is a good economy in installing exhaust air heat pump in the property as well as installing heat exchanger in the part inhabited by Arkitektkopia, and in the facilities garage. What the property owner needs to take into consideration is that the estimated installation costs necessarily isn’t correct, but should be considered as a direction point. Svedinger Fastigheter also needs to keep an eye on the possible flow rate that the local district heating distributor is considering applying. Should it be applied it is predicted to have a huge impact on the economical earnings in energy efficient technology. Furthermore, the ventilation is in needs of a adjustment and if the property owner decides to move on with a window change it will affect the property's thermal comfort and energy needs.
Hjälm, Wallborg Martin, and Joakim Palmgren. "Improving engine oil coolerperformance : For future vehicle applications." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Mikrosystemteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-256510.
Full textStrömberg, Daniel, and Simon Hjelm. "Energiförbättring av nybyggnation : Vad innebär de nya Boverkets byggregler (BBR), för framtidens VVS-projektering?" Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-44582.
Full textRunesson, Annie, and Matilda Wilsson. "Passiv kylning och uppvärmning av ventilationsluft med geoenergi." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggd miljö och energiteknik (BET), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-96952.
Full textBäckström, Johan. "Energioptimering industritvätt : Energibesparing BTS Umeå." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-66003.
Full textSvedman, Mathias. "Förhindrande av frostbildning i plattvärmeväxlare via variabel förvärmd uteluft." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-29952.
Full textThis study has analysed if preheating of air is a good method to prevent frost formation in a counter flow plate heat exchanger used in Air Handling Units. Frosting in heat exchangers used in AHU-systems is a problem in cold climates and lowers the energy recovery when its potential is the highest. Previous research has been done to 1) Define safe operating conditions without frost formation in heat exchangers with laminar flow. 2) Compare different frost control strategies. 3) Analyse frost formation properties and its effects on heat exchangers in AHU-systems. That the research is not unambiguous for which frost control method is the best highlights the importance of this work. Empirical heat transfer coefficients are quantified in this study and are used in the creation of an analytical model of a counter flow heat exchanger that predicts the energy use for heating the air at different operating modes. The heat transfer coefficients are produced by measurements in an AHU-systems located in an apartment building. The AHU has an installed air heater before the heat exchanger which heats the outdoor inlet air to constant temperature. The manufacturer of the AHU-system proclaims turbulent flow in the heat exchanger. Change of airflow has greater impact on the heat transfer coefficients during turbulent flow compared to laminar flow conditions. This is also derived from the results of the measurements. The effectiveness of the current control system is analyzed, and flaws are discovered. A new control system is therefore proposed for frost free operation and higher energy efficiency. The proposed control system is compared to a frequently used frost control system which uses bypass-dampers to redirect the inlet air to the reheater, to let the warm air stream melt formed frost on the warm air side. This comparison is accomplished by analyzing the usage of the bypass-dampers during different outdoor temperatures in a comparable AHU-system that have the mentioned frost control method. The results show that preheating of inlet air for frost free operation uses less energy than usage of the bypass-dampers to melt formed frost on the warm air side. The proposed control system needs the bypass-dampers to be used when the preheater is on full operation to prevent frost formation at extreme outdoor temperatures when the preheating may not be enough. The proposed control system is regulated by the dewpoint and the temperatures of the exhaust air stream and the supply air stream. The derived heat transfer coefficient that is used to predict the plate-temperature take no account for condensation on the warm air side during humid conditions when the dew point is above the freezing point. Future studies can derive the heat transfer coefficient during condensation which will improve the prediction of the plate-temperature. This would make the system more energy efficient during humid air conditions. This can be done by measurements in an AHU-system with high temperature efficiency placed in a humid environment.
Andersson, Josefin. "Utredning av värmesystem i Boliden AB:s anläggning vid Tara-gruvan." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-79326.
Full textIn the summer of 2009, WSP visited a facility adjacent to the Tara-mine at Navan, Ireland. The purpose of their visit was to control the ventilation system which was outdated. During the visit the inspector detected that their heating system also was in need of updating and that task led to this bachelor thesis. The overall aim of this work is to investigate how a modern heating system can be assembled to improve the indoor climate compared to an older system, where the primary target is to develop a proposal for the formation of a new system that meet the power requirements and today's climate demands. The study refers to a facility used as a changing room for the miners and as an office premise. The analysis focuses on the changing rooms as the indoor environment is especially inadequate with temperature and relative air humidity above recommendatory values for good indoor climate. In addition, the system is heated with large amounts of oil which contribute with large contaminations to the environment. Being able to moderate the impact the facility contribute to the surroundings is an additional motive for any investment. The analysis began with an examination of the system demands from the facility’s needs, followed by a search of potential components which could optimize a contemplated system. In order to be able to build this system theoretically correct the thesis established a flow chart. On the basis of the flow chart, the system components is conform adjusted to the facility’s needs, which includes the heating of domestic hot water, ventilation- and heating systems, as well an air dehumidification unit in the locker room. To examine the possibilities of improving the energy efficiency of this heating system, the project will evaluate heat exchangers, a heat pump and a dehumidifier, and a coupling to the existing ventilation and heating systems. The results are presented as a theoretical system that reduces the facility’s energy consumption and improves indoor climate. By utilizing the accessible thermal energy, the project also presents the economic advantages from choosing an efficient heat pump within the system.
Nilsson, Snarberg Isak, and Gustav Petersson. "Energikartläggning av More Biogas." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-69517.
Full textThis study examines the energy consumption of the biogas production plant More Biogas. The energy usage of the facility is mapped, and the data is used to construct a model of the site in Microsoft Excel where flowrates and energy requirements are calculated based on set frequency of individual components. To see if the calculated result of the model can be considered valid, the model is tested by replicating the plants operation at two separate occasions. The result presented by the model is then compared to the actual measured energy consumption and the difference between the results is discussed. The boundaries for the mapping process was to only use the control system on site and simple tools that could be found in most workshops. Results presented by the model concerning the electric power consumption fell short of the measured value by 17-25 % but because the energy mapping is limited in that it did not cover all the areas of the site, the results may still be considered valid. The study show that an energy mapping of an existing industrial process is possible with only simple tools but the task of making the results match real values as much as possible, requires more time.
Jakobsson, Joakim, and Lucas Johansson. "Energieffektivisering av byggnader med kulturhistoriskt värde." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31431.
Full textPurpose: The purpose of the work is to help municipalities continue to manage, operate and use old historic houses in the future. Method: The methods chosen to achieve the objective is document analysis, literature studies and case study. Findings: Culture heritage buildings needs to get more energy efficient, so they can be kept in use and existence. It is possible to implement energy efficiency measures without damaging the building's cultural value. Measures like window replacement, insulation and replacement of ventilation systems should be selected depending on the character of the house. Insulation and window replacement are effective measures to reduce the energy consumption of old historically important buildings, but often risk distorting the character of the building. Ventilation system replacement can involve minor changes to the building but is a relatively expensive investment. Implications: Changes in an existing building will always affect its construction, but it does not mean that the building's heritage value is distorted. Limitations: Calculations will only be performed for a reference object, library in Tidaholm. The calculated result will be specific for this building, since the outcome varies with buildings and their different characteristics. However, the solutions can be applied to multiple objects. There are several energy efficiency measures, but this report will only involve insulation, window replacement and ventilation changes. Keywords: Energy efficiency, historically important buildings, heat exchanger, building regulations, ventilation.
Kruukka, Erik. "Fjärrkyla på LKAB : Absorptionskylmaskiner, frikyla och dess begränsningar." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Energiteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-34554.
Full textTo refine iron ore products cooling is needed at LKAB. The increase of electronic devices and comfort cooling leads to higher cooling demands everywhere in society. Many old cooling machines soon are going to reach the end of their life span and needs to be replaced at LKAB in Kiruna. The development of the current district cooling grid is therefore interesting. Instead of replacing old machines in other buildings with new ones they can be connected to the existing grid. It is consisting of two absorption machines and free cooling and delivering cooling to the buildings KK4, KA3 and SAK-lab/office. The energy to the machines came from waste heat which is good for the efficiency and for the environment. Today the cooling system can manage the demands but how much can be connected to the grid in the future and where the limitations is for the current cooling system has yet no answer. The capacity of the absorption cooling is about 3MW and it is three times more than what is delivered today. So, the limitations are not the installed capacity but instead the different circuits in and out to the cooling machines. In this study previous measurements were important because only free cooling was used during this project. Problems with sensors, logging data and missing flowmeter made it impossible to do concrete calculations. Instead this study is a first step in the right direction to development of the district cooling system well as suggestions for future work. If the grid can be used to full potential the power consumption and the maintenance cost will decrease which is good for the environment and the economy.
Elfberg, Per. "Värmeavledning Vapenpipa : Utvärdering av luftkylningskoncept." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Industriell teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-442388.
Full textNiyonkuru, Prosper, and Marc Mugisho. "Energieffektivisering av Lokverkstaden i Gamla Motala Verkstad : Uppvärmnings- och Ventilationssystem." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-30998.
Full textAlmost all research about climate change points to that the accelerating climate changes we see today, is to a large part caused by human activity. If we don’t reduce our energy usage, our emissions of greenhouse gases will increase heavily - which can lead to disasters in the future. To be able to solve potential problems and avoid disasters in the future, we have to start decreasing our energy usage immediately. In Sweden, the government has the goal of decreasing energy usage with about 20 % from 1995 to 2020, and 50% by 2050. Almost 40% of all energy usage is from the construction and property sector. However, to decrease energy usage within that sector we have to make current buildings more energy efficient. A major part of energy usage in the constructions sector goes to cover transmission losses through walls, windows, and thermal bridges. So, by choosing windows with low heat transfer and the correct isolation for the specific buildings, as well as, decreasing transmission losses through ventilation and heating would result in that a lot of energy can be saved. If a building has a low transmissions lose, the demand of energy would decrease remarkably. By installing ventilations systems with the function of heat recovery (FTX) so could the energy usage regarding preheated ventilation decrease heavily. While, the ventilation and heat recovery makes it possible to reuse energy from the outgoing air from the facilities to the cold air outside that shall be used in the facilities to maintain a good indoor environment; heat exchangers have an efficiency level of 0.85. To make old buildings energy efficient, it requires new installations and remodeling to adjust them to become environment friendly buildings. It can sometimes be hard to install FTX-systems in current buildings since air-handling units requires a lot of space, and that the financial write-off periods can be long. This thesis will investigate the ventilations- and preheating systems with a focus in installation technics and energy efficiency depending on how the facility will be used. The goals are to investigate how large the demand for energy is in a building, as well as, give suggestions to which ventilations systems that would fit best with the prospective building. With drawings of a locomotive workshop and miscellaneous information about the facility, and a model of the facility by the simulation program IDA ICE the energy demand in the building was simulated. When a model had been created the work with inputs and changes were made on the buildings - with help from input that has been receive from the client. Drawings of the ventilation were performed in Magi Cad and an air handling has been dimensioned on Swegon’s website. The temperature in the facility is affected by several factors, such as poor isolation etc. The facilities are not heated today besides through local heating at extreme low temperature to maintain a sufficient heat to not freeze the HVAC. The facilities have high moisture level, and at the same time some parts of the floor are made of very thick concrete plates. The results of the tests show that the best ventilation unit that is needed to manage the air flow of 11.6 (m3/s) should have the specific fan power of 2. 39 kW/ (m3/s). The buildings energy use became 610624 kWh/year in the simulation.
Vi redovisade i september 2015 men blev hel godkänd nyligen. Jag visst inte om jag vilket år som gäller(2015 eller 2016)
Persson, Andreas, and Tony Johansson. "Utveckling av spjäll till plattvärmeväxlare." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Mechanical Engineering, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-866.
Full textDetta examensarbete handlar om utveckling och konstruktion av ett spjäll och spjällblad till en plattvärmeväxlare som ingår i Fläkt Woods AB:s produktsortiment.
Bakgrunden till utvecklingen berodde på två problem med det nuvarande spjället. Ett problem var att det fanns vissa hygienproblem med befintlig konstruktion som behövde rättas till och ersättas mot en bättre lösning. Detta för att produkten ska kunna certifieras enligt normen VDI 6022. Det andra problemet var att den befintliga konstruktionen kändes gammal och behövde förbättras.
Examensarbetet omfattar två stycken huvuddelar/mål. Den första delen är att finna ett material för att kunna täta i spjället på ett effektivt sätt. På grund av konflikt mellan låg friktion och bra tätning genomfördes en stor materialundersökning och en lista på tänkbara material togs fram och analyserades. Olika typer av behandling har även stötts på för att minska friktionen ännu mer. De material som var mest intressanta var gummi och andra elastomerer. Nitrilgummi, behandlad EPDM-gummi och behandlat SBR-gummi uppfyllde de önskade kraven bäst. De olika behandlingsmetoderna är bland annat lackering med speciallack och klorering av materialet.
Den andra delen är konstruktionsdelen. Här presenteras ett flertal olika produktidéer på spjäll och spjällblad som har tagits fram. Idéerna är framtagna genom tillämpning av flera verktyg och metoder för produktutveckling som till exempel TIPS/TRIZ och QFD. Patentsökning, benchmarking och en simulering av bladens utböjning är några ingående delar på vägen till den slutliga produkten.
Resultatet blev tre produkter som ska fungera som förslag till Fläkt Woods AB. Produkterna skiljer sig från varandra i både konstruktion, tillverkningsmetod och kostnad för att erbjuda flera möjligheter. Den första idén bygger på att två plåtar bockas och fliknitas ihop, vilket ger en stabil och robust konstruktion. Den andra idén innehåller formade profiler av stålplåt, som tillverkas genom rullformning. Metoden ger dem en lämplig form och enkel hantering, till exempel väger de inte så mycket. Den tredje idén skall tillverkas av strängpressad aluminium, är gjord i ett stycke och innehåller flera gynnsamma funktioner. Bland annat så finns det förstärkningar integrerade, ett spår för en axel samt spår för gummilister.
This thesis work concerns a development of a damper and damper blades for a plate heat exchanger. The plate heat exchanger is included in Fläkt Woods AB’s product programme.
The background for this development was caused by two problems with the existing damper. One of the problems was that it had some problems with the hygiene. This needed to be corrected and the product needed to be replaced with a better solution, allowing it to be certified according to VDI 6022. The second problem was that the design felt rather old and it needed to be improved.
The thesis work is divided into two main parts/main goals. The first of them is to find a material to seal the product in an effective way. Because there is a conflict regarding low friction and a good sealing there was a large material investigation done and a list of possible materials was done and analysed. Different types of treatments were also found to reduce the friction. The type of materials that was most interesting was rubber and elastomers. Nitrile rubber, treated EPDM rubber and treated SBR rubber was the ones to fulfil the wanted requirements in the best way. The different types of treating a rubber material are among other things, painting the material with a special type of lacquer or chlorination of the rubber.
The second part of the thesis work is about the design. Several product ideas on dampers and damper blades will here be presented. These were developed by applying tools and methods for product development, like TIPS/TRIZ and QFD. Searching for patents, benchmarking of competing products and a simulation of the blades bending are some of the parts on the way to find the final product.
The result of this is three products, which will work as suggestions to Fläkt Woods AB. The products differs both in design, way of manufacture and in cost to offer many options. The first idea has a design of two metal sheets which is bended and joined together. This is a stable and robust design. The second idea contains forming sheets of steel which is then made into profiles. This is made in the method of roll forming. This gives the product an appropriate shape and the product is easy to handle. The third idea is made in the method of aluminium extrusion. It is made in one piece and contains several functions. Among other things, it has integrated reinforcement, a hole for the axle and two holes for rubber profiles (sealing).
Alegrim, Georg, and Alexander Anaje. "Värmeåtervinning av luft i kycklingstallar : Återanvändning av energin i frånluften för luftförvärmning." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-82239.
Full textThe consumption of chicken per inhabitant have increased in Sweden the last couple of years and today 23,2 kg is consumed per inhabitant and year. Because of this rise of Swedish chicken consumption, the awareness of investing in climate-smart alternatives have increased by the companies. The companies are decreasing the energy required during production, which ultimately leads to a reduced heating cost. The animal stall is heated by a boiler where water-based heating elements are providing the animal stall with heat along the walls. It has been considered problematic to heat up the animal stall by reintroducing the air from inside the stall due to the fact that this air often is too dusty, which contributes to blockage of filters and ducts. There are a number of different heat exchangers that can handle this kind of dust and particles today. Two different heat exchangers will be compared, a recuperative plate heat exchanger and a regenerative rotary heat exchanger. The animal stall must keep a low CO2 value and it is important to keep the chickens bedding dry by a low humidity inside the stall. The study shows that the total heat for one breeding round, which today is approximately 48,2MWh, which equals a saving by using an air heat exchanger of 24,8MWh. The result of the comparison of the two heat exchangers has shown that the regenerative (rotary) heat exchanger reintroduces moisture in the stall, which the recuperative (plate heat exchanger) does not. The follow up for this study was 34 days, from the chickens’ birth to the slaughter. During day 28-30 the animal stall becomes self-sufficient considering heat, which means that the heat exchanger could generate the heat required for the facility without the use of the stalls chip boiler. The study is implemented with a calculated volume flow due to a short outlet channel on the system, this can lead to a risk of a minor faulty value. Regard to the humidity in the stall, it is preferable to use a plate heat exchanger as the rotating heat exchanger precipitates water of 3 grams/kg of dry air.
Bodelsson, Cecilia, and Emma Sandersson. "Kompaktaggregat till Passivhus i Sverige." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2113.
Full textKompaktaggregat är ett integrerat FTX- och FVP-system som används i passivhus. Vi har gjort
energiberäkningar i programmet VIP+ för att se hur kompaktaggregatet skulle kunna fungera i
passivhus i Sverige.
De resultat vi har fått fram ur VIP+ visar att passivhus med ett installerat kompaktaggregat klarar
av att nå passivhuskraven ända upp till Skellefteå. De beräknade värdena understiger kraven för
passivhus, men en viss marginal behövs för att kraven ska nås även efter uppförandet av
byggnaden. Vi har även tolkat tekniska uppgifter på ett sätt som enligt oss har en positiv effekt
för passivhus på kallare orter. Därför tror vi inte att värdena för de tre nordligaste platserna är
helt tillförlitliga. De övriga plasterna ser bra ut. Passivhus med ett installerat kompaktaggregat
klarar enligt oss passivhuskraven i dessa städer; Malmö, Växjö, Göteborg, Stockholm och med
tveksamhet Borlänge.
Compact units are an integrated balanced ventilation whit recovery and an extracted air heat
pump that are used in passive houses. We have done some energy calculations to see how
compact units would be able to operate in Sweden.
The results we have been receiving from VIP+, display that a passive house with an installed
compact unit manages to achieve the demands for passive houses all the way up to the city
Skellefteå. The calculated values are below the demands for passive house, but a certain margin
is needed for the demands to be met after the building is complete. We have also construed
technical data in a way that can have a positive effect on the passive houses in colder locations.
Because of this we do not think the values for the three cities furthest north are entirely reliable.
The other locations look good. Passive houses with an installed compact unit would, according
to our research meet the passive house demands in these cities; Malmö, Växjö, Göteborg,
Stockholm and with a doubt Borlänge.
Mårtenson, Adam. "Modernisering och utveckling av befintligt beräkningsprogram för prestandauppföljning av ånggeneratorer." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Elektricitetslära, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-377997.
Full textListén, Lars-Åke, and Harald Wallin. "Luftvärmeväxlare med låg ljudnivå : Även i symbios med solfångare." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Engineering Sciences, Physics and Mathematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-732.
Full textRapporten handlar om ett examensarbete omfattande 20 p som är utfört för Thermia AB i Arvika. Uppdragsgivaren ville få fram förslag på möjliga åtgärder som kan minska ljudnivån från en luftvärmeväxlare. För bra helhetsbild av projektet, läs även kapitel: 6.
Värmeväxlaren ingår som en komponent i ett värmepumpssystem, Thermia Aer 5, som använder uteluften som värmekälla. Huvudmålet med projektet blev alltså att undersöka och utvärdera ljudbildningen från värmeväxlaren samt att komma fram till olika förslag på möjliga åtgärder som har potential att sänka ljudnivån. Värmeväxlarens förmåga att uppta energi fick ej heller försämras.
I projektets slutskede tillverkades det också en enkel prototyp på ett av designförslagen där den störande ljudnivån blev lägre. Läs mer om detta längre ner.
Ett delmål som vi själva formulerade, var också att undersöka olika möjligheter att öka värmepumpssystemets totala kapacitet för energiupptagning genom att kombinera systemet med någon form av solfångare. Kombinationen solfångare och luftvärmeväxlare innebär också en lägre ljudnivå eftersom fläkten i värmeväxlaren mer sällan behöver gå på full effekt. I viss mån har även estetiska aspekter på formgivningen beaktats.
Nedan presenteras fyra olika förslag på idéer för att öka luftvärmeväxlarens prestanda:
Av det första förslaget tillverkades en prototyp där luftvärmeväxlarens utblås är riktat uppåt, istället för som nu åt sidan, vilket minskar risken att omgivningen nås av högfrekvent ljud. Högfrekvent ljud sprids nämligen inte så mycket i sidled.
Batteridelen på värmeväxlaren har fått en större area, vilket möjliggör ett minskat volymflöde av luft, utan att den tappar i effekt, jämfört med nuvarande värmeväxlare.
Dessa två åtgärder reducerar det avgivna ljudet med ca10 dB.
En större batteriarea är även positivt ur energisynpunkt då värmefaktorn (COP) ökar på grund av ett minskat antal nödvändiga avfrostningar.
Förslag nummer två inbegriper en solfångarlösning som, tack vare avsaknaden av direktförångning, även går att direktkoppla till köldbäraren (brinen) eller direkt mot värmepumpens ackumulatortank.
Solfångaren täcker hela effektbehovet på sommaren och ger ett tillskott resten av året.
Det tredje förslaget är en s.k. väggplacerad luftsolfångare som förvärmer insugsluften till värmeväxlaren. Den uppenbara fördelen med detta alternativ är den synnerligen enkla konstruktionen vilket gör att kostnaden kan hållas nere, se bild 4.4.4-2.
Det fjärde förslaget, är att låta hela husets tak fungera som en solfångare som bilderna 6-1 visar. Inströmmande luft till värmeväxlaren förvärms av de soluppvärmda takpannorna som kan vara av tegel, betong eller ännu hellre av glas. Dessutom tillvaratas förlustvärme från hustak och ventilation. Detta förslag ger ett mycket gott energiutbyte.
Ytterligare ett intressant sätt att sänka ljudbildningen är att driva fram luften genom värmeväxlaren, helt eller delvis, med hjälp av en hög elektrisk spänning, se kapitel: 6.6.
This report is a candidate degree and the assignment is done in the interest of Thermia AB in Arvika, Sweden. The company wanted proposals of preventive measures aiming to reduce sound emission from a heat exchanger. For a good general impression of the project, see chapter 6. The heat exchanger forms a part of a component in a heat pump system, called Thermia Aer 5, which uses air from outside as a heat source.
The main target of the project was to examine and evaluate sound emission from the heat exchanger and to get different proposals on possible preventive measures in order to lower sound emission. It was not allowed to reduce the heat exchangers ability to collect energy.
In the end of the project a simple prototype was built which took advantage of some of the design proposals. The sound emission from the prototype was reduced.
Another target, formulated by ourselves, was to examine different possibilities to increase the capacity of the heat pump system by combining it with solar collectors. The heat pump system combined with solar collectors also produces reduced sound emission.
Even some aesthetic aspects have been taken into consideration.
Below, four different proposals of ideas are introduced that can increase the performance of the heat exchanger:
The first solution was to direct the air exhaust upwards instead of the tangential exhaust on the present heat exchanger. This makes it more improbable that a high frequency sound wave should reach the surrounding area. Sound with high frequency doesn’t spread so much in a sideways direction. An increase of the battery area makes it possible to lower the air volume flow, because of the increased potential for energy output. These two measures reduced the sound level with a proximal amount of about 10 dB. In addition, an increased exchange battery area increases the heat factor (COP) due to the frost distribution on the battery.
Solution number two include a solar panel that, due to the lack of direct vaporization in the heat pump system, is possible to serial connect direct on the brine or indirectly to the water accumulation tank. The solar panel gives hot water in the summer and an additional energy output the rest of the year.
The third solution is a wall mounted air solar panel which gives the air a higher input temperature to the air heat exchanger. This is a very simple and cost effective solution.
The fourth solution is to let the whole roof of the house act as a solar collector as the pictures 6-1 describes. The sun heats the roofing tile which, in turn, heats streaming air that reaches the heat exchanger. The tile can been made of tiling, concrete - or preferably - transparent glass. Furthermore heat loss from the roof and ventilation is prevented.
Another interesting solution that reduces sound emission is to force air through the exchanger with a high electric voltage field. Further information chapter: 6.6.