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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vascular diseases – ultrasonography

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vascular diseases – ultrasonography'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 26 July 2024

Last updated: 28 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Vascular diseases – ultrasonography"

1

Harshfield, D. L. "Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases." American Journal of Roentgenology 178, no. 4 (April 2002): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.178.4.1780808.

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Castillo, Mauricio, and Jeffrey R. Wienke. "Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases." Academic Radiology 9, no. 7 (July 2002): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1076-6332(03)80362-8.

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De Gottardi, Andrea, Annalisa Berzigotti, Elisabetta Buscarini, and Angeles García Criado. "Ultrasonography in Liver Vascular Disease." Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound 39, no. 04 (August 2018): 382–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0647-1658.

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AbstractVascular liver diseases include a heterogeneous group of disorders affecting the micro- and the macro-circulation of the liver. Thrombosis and obstruction of the inflow (portal vein) and/or outflow venous system (Budd-Chiari syndrome), spontaneous porto-systemic shunts, diseases affecting the sinusoids, and hepatic vascular malformations are the most important vascular liver diseases. Thrombosis of the portal venous system and of the hepatic venous system occur most commonly and are potentially life-threatening conditions, while congenital and acquired pro-thrombotic diseases are major causal factors, together with local factors triggering thrombotic events. Despite their overall low prevalence, vascular liver diseases represent the second cause of portal hypertension in the Western world. Imaging techniques are of paramount importance in the diagnostic process, as well as in the follow-up of patients affected by these conditions. In this review, we focus on the role of ultrasonography in the management of vascular liver diseases by highlighting advantages and drawbacks of this imaging technique. In addition, we provide a state of the art presentation of the possibilities offered by ultrasound in the evaluation of vascular and parenchymal features in vascular liver diseases encompassing not only the use of grayscale imaging, but also the application of Doppler ultrasound, the measurement of hemodynamic parameters and the assessment of liver stiffness.

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Wang, Hsin-Kai, Yi-Hong Chou, Hong-Jen Chiou, See-Ying Chiou, and Cheng-Yen Chang. "B-flow Ultrasonography of Peripheral Vascular Diseases." Journal of Medical Ultrasound 13, no. 4 (2005): 186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-6441(09)60108-9.

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Abdelaal, A. M., M. Abd El Raouf, M. A. Aref, and A. A. Moselhy. "Clinical and ultrasonographic investigations of 30 water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) with hepatomegaly." Veterinary World 12, no. 6 (June 2019): 789–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.789-795.

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Background and Aim: Knowledge of normal ultrasonographic dimensions of the liver and associated vascular structures is an important indicator for the diagnosis of hepatic diseases. Enlargement of the liver beyond its normal dimensions is the term of hepatomegaly and ultrasonography is the primary and the suitable diagnostic technique for this condition. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the clinical and ultrasonographic findings of liver diseases causing hepatomegaly in 30 buffaloes as well as to provide a range of liver dimensions and its blood vessel measurements in normal and diseased buffaloes. Materials and Methods: The study population included 30 buffaloes that were admitted to the clinic of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Zagazig University for investigation of clinical signs associated with gastrointestinal diseases such as anorexia, chronic weight loss, and variable degrees of diarrhea or constipation. The animals were subjected to thorough clinical and ultrasonographic investigations. In addition, 10 healthy buffaloes were investigated ultrasonographically and post-slaughtering for comparison of liver dimensions and physical appearance. Results: Three conditions causing hepatomegaly were identified in this study as multiple focal hepatic lesions, diffuse fatty liver, and hepatic congestion. Clinically, it was difficult to differentiate between each condition while ultrasonography was the ideal tool for diagnosis after comparing with necropsy as a gold standard tool. Hepatomegaly was recorded in all affected animals with a significant decrease in the size of the portal vein (PV) and caudal vena cava (CVC) in animals affected with multiple focal hepatic lesions and fatty liver disease while the size of the PV and CVC was significantly increased in buffaloes with hepatic congestion. Conclusion: Ultrasonography can aid to accurately identify buffaloes with hepatomegaly and differentiate between different lesions involved.

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Baker, J. Dennis. "Ultrasonography in vascular diseases, a practical approach to clinical problems." Journal of Vascular Surgery 35, no. 3 (March 2002): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mva.2002.119756.

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Yoshida, Atsushi, Tsutomu Tabata, Toshiharu Okugawa, Takashi Sugiyama, and Norimasa Sagawa. "Vascular Ultrasound in Gynecology." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 1, no. 2 (2007): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1093.

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Abstract The usefulness of the vascular ultrasound in the filed of gynecology is now well recognized. The intima-media thickness (IMT) and the elastic property of the common carotid artery are reported to be associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases and are thought to be influenced by menopause. The assessment of the flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery is a noninvasive method for the evaluation of vascular endothelial function and is reported to be associated with menopause or hormone replacement therapy. Certain gynecological situations such as contraceptive use or hormone replacement therapy are reported to increase the risk of thrombosis. For the screening of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities in the gynecological diseases, compression ultrasonography (CUS) is useful.

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Wu, Wenqian, Mingxing Xie, and Hongyu Qiu. "The Progress of Advanced Ultrasonography in Assessing Aortic Stiffness and the Application Discrepancy between Humans and Rodents." Diagnostics 11, no. 3 (March 6, 2021): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11030454.

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Aortic stiffening is a fundamental pathological alteration of atherosclerosis and other various aging-associated vascular diseases, and it is also an independent risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Ultrasonography is a critical non-invasive method widely used in assessing aortic structure, function, and hemodynamics in humans, playing a crucial role in predicting the pathogenesis and adverse outcomes of vascular diseases. However, its applications in rodent models remain relatively limited, hindering the progress of the research. Here, we summarized the progress of the advanced ultrasonographic techniques applied in evaluating aortic stiffness. With multiple illustrative images, we mainly characterized various ultrasound techniques in assessing aortic stiffness based on the alterations of aortic structure, hemodynamics, and tissue motion. We also discussed the discrepancy of their applications in humans and rodents and explored the potential optimized strategies in the experimental research with animal models. This updated information would help to better understand the nature of ultrasound techniques and provide a valuable prospect for their applications in assessing aortic stiffness in basic science research, particularly with small animals.

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Cho, Minji, Jung Sun Kim, Sungsin Cho, Won Pyo Cho, Chanjoong Choi, Sanghyun Ahn, Sang-il Min, Jongwon Ha, and Seung-Kee Min. "Baseline characteristics of arm vessels by preoperative duplex ultrasonography in Korean patients for hemodialysis vascular access." Journal of Vascular Access 20, no. 6 (March 28, 2019): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1129729819838168.

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Background: Preoperative mapping with duplex ultrasonography is crucial for successful vascular access creation for hemodialysis. The aims of this study are to assess the baseline characteristics of arm vessels by preoperative duplex ultrasonography in Korean patients, to find out a preoperative duplex ultrasonography parameter precluding distal arteriovenous fistula creation, to assess the maturation failure rate of arteriovenous fistulas, and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Preoperative duplex ultrasonography mapping for vascular access creation was done in all patients with end-stage renal diseases during the year 2015. The baseline data of duplex ultrasonography were retrospectively analyzed with follow-up clinical data. Results: A total of 299 end-stage renal disease patients (mean age = 62 years, 62% male) were included. On preoperative duplex ultrasonography, mean diameters of radial artery and cephalic vein at wrist were 2.03 and 2.40 mm in the non-dominant arm and 2.10 and 2.26 mm in the dominant arm, respectively. The most common reason for precluding radial-cephalic arteriovenous fistula at wrist was small-sized cephalic vein. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors for inadequate vessels were warfarin treatment, old age (⩾75 years), and peripheral arterial occlusive disease. The rate of arteriovenous fistula maturation failure was 21% and vein diameter <2.5 mm was the only risk factor for arteriovenous fistula maturation failure by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Preoperative duplex ultrasonography evaluation is important to find out inadequate vessels for native arteriovenous fistula and to determine the location of vascular access.

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Martini, S., S. Ferrara, C. Bellacosa, B. M. Ceresia, F. Taccari, G. Di Filippo, A. Tartaglia, G. Gaeta, and Paolo Maggi. "Archi-Prevaleat project. A National Register of color-Doppler ultrasonography of the epi-aortic vessels in Patients Living with HIV." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 12, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): e2020018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2020.018.

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Persons Living with HIV (PLWH) are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population. Carotid ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic tool, aimed at the assessment of vascular anatomy and function. Our present aim is to generate a National Register of color-Doppler ultrasonography (Archi-Prevaleat) to better evaluate the characteristics of vascular lesions in PLWH on a large number of data.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vascular diseases – ultrasonography"

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Shamdasani, Vijay Thakur. "Noninvasive ultrasound elastography of atherosclerotic vascular disease : methods and clinical evaluation /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7984.

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Fidelis, Ronald José Ribeiro. "Avaliação da extensão da oclusão arterial na isquemia crônica de membros inferiores: estudo comparativo da ecografia com Doppler colorido e da arteriografia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-29012007-144331/.

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A arteriografia é um exame radiológico invasivo que permite ver as características da luz das artérias tronculares e de pequenos ramos musculares e colaterais, tornando possível constatar alterações parietais mínimas através da injeção intravascular de meio de contraste. Apesar do grande desenvolvimento tecnológico que experimentou nas últimas décadas, tem limitações para definir a extensão da obstrução e o leito arterial pósobstrução na Doença Arterial Oclusiva de Membros Inferiores (DAO). Alguns estudos já analisaram a arteriografia quanto à visibilização do leito distal em pacientes com DAO femoropoplítea, porém nenhum estudou a extensão do segmento ocluído no território aortoilíaco utilizando a arteriografia intra-operatória com injeção distal de contraste como teste padrão. Este estudo clínico, prospectivo, conduzido no Serviço de Cirurgia Vascular do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, foi desenvolvido para avaliar a arteriografia pré-operatória em sua capacidade de detectar a real extensão das oclusões arteriais, e o leito arterial distal a estas. A Ecografia com Doppler colorido também foi avaliada nesses mesmos aspectos. A extensão da oclusão foi definida como sendo a distância entre o ponto de oclusão e o ponto de reenchimento (PR) da luz arterial, e o leito distal (LD) definido como o conjunto de todas as artérias que mantêm continuidade com este ponto de reenchimento. Todos os pacientes incluídos foram submetidos, em mesmo intervalo determinado de tempo, a uma Arteriografia com injeção de meio de contraste Proximal à obstrução (AP), uma Ecografia com Doppler colorido (Eco-Doppler) e ao padrão-ouro para diagnóstico do PR e LD, que é a Arteriografia com injeção de contraste Distal à obstrução (AD). Foram estudados 47 membros inferiores, de 33 pacientes. Trinta e quatro casos de doença aortoilíaca e 13 casos de doença arterial infrainguinal femoropoplítea. A AP detectou o verdadeiro PR em apenas 53,2% de toda a amostra, revelando uma reprodutibilidade ruim em relação à AD (k = 0,44, P < 0,001). Ao passo que o Eco-Doppler foi capaz de identificar o PR em 74,5% das vezes, revelando uma boa reprodutibilidade comparada ao teste padrão (k = 0,68, P < 0,001). Na visibilização do leito distal, a AP e o Eco-Doppler identificaram, respectivamente, 125 e 167 das 183 artérias vistas à AD. Esta diferença foi estatisticamente significativa (P = 0,001). Na análise da relação entre as variáveis estudadas e os resultados, o único fator significativamente associado com a discordância entre os métodos foi a localização anatômica da doença arterial. Com estes dados, concluí-se que a arteriografia préoperatória não identifica corretamente o PR e o LD em um número significativo de casos de DAO aortoilíaca. A Ecografia demonstrou neste estudo, uma concordância significativa com arteriografia intraoperatória, tanto na DAO aortoilíaca, quanto na femoropoplítea.
Arteriography is an invasive method of imaging the vascular system that allows assessment of the intraluminal characteristics of the arteries. It detects minimal arterial wall changes with intravascular injections of contrast agents. Dispite significant advances in lasts decades, some pitfalls remain in determining the extension of arterial occlusions and the run-off vessels in cases of arterial occlusive disease in the lower extremities (LEAOD). Some authors have already studied the extension of the disease, by arteriography, in patients with femoropopliteal disease; nevertheless, none of them has so far used the Intraoperative Distal Prebypass Arteriography (IDA) as the goldstandard in patients with disease in the aortoiliac territory. This study is a clinical, prospective trial, developed by the Division of Vascular Surgery at the University of Sao Paulo to analyse the pre-operative arteriography (POA) in its capacity of showing the true extension of the arterial occlusion and the run-off vessels in LEAOD. The Duplex Ultrasound Arterial Mapping (DUAM) was also tested in the same situations. Extension of the arterial occlusion was defined as the length between the point where the contrast agent leaves the main vessel, and the point where the contrast come back to it, in the arterial system, the later called Refilling Point (RP). Run-off was defined as the sum of the distal arteries continuous with the RP. All of the patients included in this study were subjected in a determined time interval to a POA, a DUAM and a IDA. Forty seven lower extremities were studied in 33 patients (34 with aortoiliac, and 13 with femoropopliteal disease). POA detected the true RP in 53% of the instances, with a bad reprodutibility of the gold-standard (k = 0,44, P > 0,001). The DUAM detected the RP 74,5%, with a good results reprodutibliity (k = 0,68, P < 0,001). In the assessment of run-off vessels POA and DUAM have detected, respectively, 125 and 167 of the 183 arteries showed in IDA. This disagreement between POA and DUAM was estastistically significant (P = 0,001). The only clinical characteristic associated with the results was the anatomical location of the arterial disease. We concluded that the POA does not identify the true RP and the run-off vessels in the aortoiliac LEAOD. The DUAM showed a good agreement with the IDA, and so it can be considered a good choice to assess the RP and the run-off in aortoiliac and femoropopliteal LEAOD.

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Chaves, Áurea Jacob. ""Análise volumétrica da hiperplasia intimal intra-stent em pacientes diabéticos tratados com e sem abciximab"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-09082005-113017/.

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Noventa e seis pacientes com diabetes melito do tipo 2 foram randomizados para receberem ou não abciximab durante o implante eletivo de stent coronário, com o objetivo de determinar se esse inibidor da glicoproteína IIb/IIIa reduz a hiperplasia intimal intra-stent, avaliada pelo ultra-som intracoronário, aos seis meses de evolução. A análise volumétrica mostrou que o abciximab não reduz o volume de obstrução intra-stent nestes pacientes [41,3% (DP21,0%) versus 40,5% (DP18,3%), p=0,853].
Ninety-six type 2 diabetics were randomly assigned to receive abciximab or no abciximab at the time of elective stent implantation to determine whether this IIb/IIIa glycoprotein inhibitor would reduce in-stent intimal hyperplasia, measured by intravascular ultrasound, at 6-month follow-up. Volumetric analysis showed that abciximab was not associated with a reduction of in-stent volume obstruction in diabetic patients [41.3% (DP21.0%) versus 40.5% (DP18.3%), p=0.853).

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Brass, Margaret Mary. "Biomechanical and morphological characterization of common iliac vein remodeling: Effects of venous reflux and hypertension." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5278.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
The passive properties of the venous wall are important in the development of venous pathology. Increase in venous pressure due to retrograde flow (reflux) and obstruction of venous flow by intrinsic and extrinsic means are the two possible mechanisms for venous hypertension. Reflux is the prevailing theory in the etiology of venous insufficiency. The objective of this thesis is to quantify the passive biomechanical response and structural remodeling of veins subjected to chronic venous reflux and hypertension. To investigate the effects of venous reflux on venous mechanics, the tricuspid valve was injured chronically in canines by disrupting the chordae tendineae. The conventional inflation-extension protocol in conjunction with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was utilized to investigate the passive biomechanical response of both control common iliac veins (from 9 dogs) and common iliac veins subjected to chronic venous reflux and hypertension (from 9 dogs). The change in thickness and constituent composition as a result of chronic venous reflux and hypertension was quantified using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) and histological evaluation. Biomechanical results indicate that the veins stiffened and became less compliant when exposed to eight weeks of chronic venous reflux and hypertension. The mechanical stiffening was found to be a result of a significant increase in wall thickness (p < 0.05) and a significant increase in the collagen to elastin ratio (p < 0.05). After eight weeks of chronic reflux, the circumferential Cauchy stress significantly reduced (p < 0.05) due to wall thickening, but was not restored to control levels. This provided a useful model for development and further analysis of chronic venous insufficiency and assessment of possible intervention strategies.

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Books on the topic "Vascular diseases – ultrasonography"

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I, Bluth Edward, ed. Ultrasonography in vascular diseases. 2nd ed. New York: Thieme, 2007.

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F, Polak Joseph, ed. Introduction to vascular ultrasonography. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier, 2012.

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J, Zwiebel William, ed. Introduction to vascular ultrasonography. 2nd ed. Orlando: Grune & Stratton, 1986.

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J, Zwiebel William, and Pellerito John S, eds. Introduction to vascular ultrasonography. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders, 2005.

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L, Giyanani Vishan, and Eisenberg Ronald L, eds. Ultrasound atlas of vascular diseases. Stamford, CT: Appleton & Lange, 1999.

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1962-, Saijo Y., and Steen, A. F. W. van der 1964-, eds. Vascular ultrasound. Tokyo: Springer, 2003.

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Zierler, R. Eugene. Strandness's duplex scanning in vascular disorders. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010.

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Eugene, Zierler R., and Strandness D. E. 1928-, eds. Strandness's duplex scanning in vascular disorders. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010.

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Robert, Felix W., ed. Noninvasive diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease. New York: Raven Press, 1988.

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Strandness, D. E. Duplex scanning in vascular disorders. New York: Raven Press, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vascular diseases – ultrasonography"

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Lindström, K., and P. A. Olofsson. "Physics of High-Resolution Ultrasonography." In Diagnostics of Vascular Diseases, 237–48. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60512-3_13.

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Weinberg, Ido, and Michael R. Jaff. "Renal Artery Duplex Ultrasonography." In Renal Vascular Disease, 211–29. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2810-6_12.

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"Dedication." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56665.

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"1 Leg Swelling with Pain or Edema." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56666.

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"2 Painful Legs after Walking." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56667.

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"3 Pulsatile Groin Mass in the Postcatheterization Patient." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56668.

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"4 Carotid Arteries in Patients with Transient Ischemic Accidents, Stroke, or Carotid Bruits." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56669.

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"5 Arm Swelling." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56670.

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"6 Hypertension and Bruit." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56671.

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"7 Acute Scrotal Pain: Diagnosing with Color Duplex Sonography." In Ultrasonography in Vascular Diseases, edited by Edward I. Bluth and Carol B. Benson. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-56672.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vascular diseases – ultrasonography"

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Shimizu, Yasutomo, Lei Liu, Hiroyuki Kosukegawa, Kenichi Funamoto, Toshiyuki Hayase, Toshio Nakayama, and Makoto Ohta. "Deformation of Stenotic Blood Vessel Model Made From Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogel by Hydrostatic Pressure." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66657.

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Vascular plaque deformation reduces blood flow, increases arterial embolism risk, and may lead to ischemic stroke. Plaque stiffness varies widely and is an important factor influencing both plaque and parent artery deformation. These geometric changes affect local hemodynamics, which impact plaque initiation influencing disease progression. However, most previous studies used non-elastic stenotic vessel models. For more realistic analysis, we constructed a stenosis model comprising an elastic poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogel (PVA-H) parent artery and plaque of variable stiffness. Our previous study using this flexible model demonstrated substantial effects of hydrostatic pressure. Here ultrasonography was conducted under changing hydrostatic pressure to measure geometric changes at the narrowest cross section. PVA-H specimens were constructed with the stiffness of a hard lipid core, smooth muscle, and plaque, as estimated by tensile tests using 5, 12, and 15 wt% PVA, respectively. The change in cross-sectional aspect ratio (height/face length) at the narrowest site is largest (∼1.3) for the 5 wt% PVA-H plaque and smallest (∼1.2) for the 12 wt% PVA-H plaque. Stenotic artery deformation depends on both artery and plaque elasticity. Hydrostatic pressure has a substantial effect on both vessel and plaque geometries, which markedly alter blood flow.

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Chagas, Carlos Ricardo, Ricardo Pinto, José Antônio Franco, Gabriela Del Prete Magalhães, and Natascha Carneiro Chagas. "PRIMARY ANGIOSARCOMA OF THE BREAST: A CASE REPORT." In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2022. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s2096.

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A 39-year-old woman presented to our mastology session with complaints of a right breast lump in 2014, which had grown very slowly and changed in color over the past year (purple). On physical examination, the breast was found in a 12-1 o’clock position, bruise-like, and soft-to-firm in consistency. On mammography, the lump presented diffuse-dense and ultrasonography showed an ill-defined mass and poor-delimited hyperechogenic infiltration in the upper inner portion of the right breast that measured about 7 cm in size. A core biopsy was performed on the suspicious lesion. The pathological result was necrotic breast tissue. A second core biopsy was performed with the diagnosis of malignant neoplasia, poorly differentiated. The immunohistochemistry was diagnosed with moderate-differentiated angiosarcoma. A modified mastectomy was performed and the initial diagnosis was confirmed. After that, she received adjuvant chemotherapy, but the treatment was interrupted due to epístaxis, hematemesis, and body paresthesia. After this, the progression of the disease was observed with metastasis in the lungs, stomach, mouth, gum, and brain. She was subjected to palliative treatment and died in November 2015. Discussion: Primary angiosarcoma of the breast is a very rare disease and corresponds to less than 1% of breast malignancies. Mammary angiosarcoma should be differentially diagnosed from benign hemangiomas, phyllodes sarcomas, stromal sarcomas, metaplastic carcinomas, fibrosarcomas, liposarcomas, squamous cell carcinomas with sarcomatoid features, myoepitheliomas, fibromatoses, and reactive spindle cell proliferative lesions. CD31 is a sensitive marker for this class of cancers, and CD34 positively ranges from 40% to 100%. These markers could help with the accurate diagnosis of angiosarcoma. Pathologically, these tumors are divided into three groups according to the classification proposed. Well-differentiated (grade I) tumors consist of anastomosing vascular channels that invade the surrounding breast tissue. Moderately differentiated (grade II) tumors have more solid neoplastic vascular growth and an increased mitotic rate. Poorly differentiated (grade III) lesions have obvious sarcomatous areas and areas of necrosis, hemorrhage, and infarction. In conclusion, primary mammary angiosarcoma is a rare neoplasm of the breast that affects a younger female population, compared to breast carcinomas, and has aggressive clinical behavior. Difficult differential diagnoses, due to atypical characteristics, can delay management.

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Maia, Fernanda Pimentel Arraes, Maria Clara Tomaz Feijão, Emanuel Cintra Austregésilo Bezerra, Ana Carolina Filgueiras Teles, and Luiz Gonzaga Porto Pinheiro. "MALE BREAST CANCER AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION: A CASE REPORT." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1053.

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Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon disease representing only 1% of the total cases. This low incident rate could be due to the low amount of breast tissue and the hormonal differences between men and women. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) program reported that the incidence rate of breast cancer was 1.1 per 100,000 men in the mid-1970s and raised to 1.44 per 100,000 men by 2010. There are a lot of characteristics that are common to male and female breast carcinomas, especially given the fact that a lot of the factors that influence malignant changes are similar, but there are also some singularities. In this matter, it is important to understand the existence of risk factors for MBC, particularly the genetic abnormalities, such as BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 mutations. Therefore, a man with this type of predisposition is more likely to develop breast cancer, especially if submitted to an immunosuppressive therapy, normally used to prevent the rejection of transplanted organs. This study aimed to report a case of a patient with chronic alcoholism history, who later developed a liver tumor and breast cancer. This patient reported gynecomastia, which could be related to his health condition, given the fact that liver failure and cirrhosis probably started preventing the inactivation of the estrogens by the liver, causing and stimulating proliferation of the mammary tissue, and increasing the chance of gene mutations. We report a 56-year-old man with a history of smoking, chronic alcoholism, and gynecomastia with 10 years of evolution who was diagnosed with cirrhosis and liver tumor in 2014. He underwent two sessions of a chemoradiotherapy treatment, resulting in reduction of the tumor size as a result. In 2015, the patient had a liver transplant. To prevent organ rejection, it was established an immunosuppressive therapy with tacrolimus 10 mg/day and myfortic 720 mg/day. In 2016, the patient noticed a breast lump and searched for medical assistance. At the appointment, after physical examination, the presence of a 2-×2-cm lump in the right breast was confirmed. A few examinations were requested, such as ultrasonography, which showed a BIRADS4 as a result, chest tomography, and abdominal tomography. The examinations concluded that the lump had a high probability of malignancy. Then, to confirm the suspicion, it was proposed the performance of a fine-needle aspiration of the lump was followed by a core biopsy. The results showed an invasive breast carcinoma positive for estrogen receptors, negative for progesterone receptors, negative for HER-2 oncoprotein, and KI67 5%. Therefore, the molecular classification by immunohistochemistry is a LUMINAL A, which indicates the possibility of a better prognosis. A few days later, the patient was submitted for a radical mastectomy on the right breast. During the surgery, it was also performed a sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) scintigraphy and analysis of the material collected from the right breast. The conclusion expressed positive screening for malignant cells, two lymph nodes compromised by macrometastasis (large focus measuring 1.2 cm with capsular transposition associated) and positive screening for malignant cells suggestive of carcinoma. The tumor, according to a grading system, presented a Scarff-Bloom Richardson modified by Elston and Ellis grade III, with tubular grade 3, nuclear grade 3, and mitotic index 2. It was also identified as focal tumor necrosis, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion. The pathological staging of the tumor was pT2 pN1a (SN+) pMx.

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Reports on the topic "Vascular diseases – ultrasonography"

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Gupta, Shikhar, Mehtab Ahmed, Sayema ., Azam Haseen, and Saif Quaiser. Relevance of Preoperative Vessel Mapping and Early Postoperative Ultrasonography in Predicting AV Fistula Failure in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Science Repository, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.rdi.2023.02.02.

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Introduction: The increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), coupled with advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases and improvements in life expectancy, has led to a greater number of patients requiring hemodialysis. The preferred method of vascular access for hemodialysis is AV fistula formation; however, it is associated with a high rate of failure. In our prospective study, we focused on 40 CKD patients planned for initiation of maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: We employed preoperative ultrasound mapping to assess cephalic vein diameter, compressibility, and colour flow, as well as radial and brachial artery diameter, peak systolic velocity, and intimal wall calcification. Postoperatively, ultrasound examinations were conducted on day 7 and at 6 weeks to evaluate fistula blood volume and detect any complications. Results: A significant association between fistula failure and cephalic vein diameter, brachial artery diameter, intimal vessel wall calcification, and comorbid conditions like diabetes mellitus was observed. Furthermore, blood flow at day 7 was notably lower in the failure group compared to those with a functioning fistula and any fistula with blood flow <154 ml/min on day 7 may be predictive of early fistula failure. Conclusion: Preoperative vessel mapping and early postoperative ultrasonography is indispensable for patients who require AV fistula formation for hemodialysis and provide valuable information for selecting suitable vessels for successful fistula creation and enable early intervention to salvage a failing fistula after the surgery. By utilizing these, healthcare professionals can make informed decisions and take necessary steps to optimize the outcomes of AV fistula formation in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

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