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Journal articles on the topic 'Vasodilators'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Kitai, Takeshi, W. H. Wilson Tang, Andrew Xanthopoulos, et al. "Impact of early treatment with intravenous vasodilators and blood pressure reduction in acute heart failure." Open Heart 5, no. 2 (2018): e000845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2018-000845.

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ObjectiveAlthough vasodilators are used in acute heart failure (AHF) management, there have been no clear supportive evidence regarding their routine use. Recent European guidelines recommend systolic blood pressure (SBP) reduction in the range of 25% during the first few hours after diagnosis. This study aimed to examine clinical and prognostic significance of early treatment with intravenous vasodilators in relation to their subsequent SBP reduction in hospitalised AHF.MethodsWe performed post hoc analysis of 1670 consecutive patients enrolled in the Registry Focused on Very Early Presentati

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2

Clifford, Philip S., and Ylva Hellsten. "Vasodilatory mechanisms in contracting skeletal muscle." Journal of Applied Physiology 97, no. 1 (2004): 393–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00179.2004.

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Skeletal muscle blood flow is closely coupled to metabolic demand, and its regulation is believed to be mainly the result of the interplay of neural vasoconstrictor activity and locally derived vasoactive substances. Muscle blood flow is increased within the first second after a single contraction and stabilizes within ∼30 s during dynamic exercise under normal conditions. Vasodilator substances may be released from contracting skeletal muscle, vascular endothelium, or red blood cells. The importance of specific vasodilators is likely to vary over the time course of flow, from the initial rapi

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3

Glenn, Thomas, Nicole Duster, Jerry Dwek, Jose Silva-Sepulveda, and Howaida G. El-Said. "Selective Use of Pulmonary Vasodilators in Patients with Fontan Physiology." Journal of Interventional Cardiology 2022 (November 10, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7602793.

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Background. Fontan-associated liver disease is a well-known sequela following the Fontan procedure for patients living with single-ventricle heart disease. Pulmonary vasodilators, such as phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, have emerged as a potential therapeutic option for lowering central venous pressures by reducing pulmonary vascular resistance. Method. We performed a single-center retrospective review of Fontan patients who were placed on pulmonary vasodilator therapy with prehemodynamic and posthemodynamic, MR elastography, and histologic assessments. Results. A total of 125 patients wi

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Wunsch, Stacy A., Judy Muller-Delp, and Michael D. Delp. "Time course of vasodilatory responses in skeletal muscle arterioles: role in hyperemia at onset of exercise." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 279, no. 4 (2000): H1715—H1723. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.4.h1715.

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At the onset of dynamic exercise, muscle blood flow increases within 1–2 s. It has been postulated that local vasodilatory agents produced by the vascular endothelium or the muscle itself contribute to this response. We hypothesized that only vasodilators that act directly on the vascular smooth muscle could produce vasodilation of skeletal muscle arterioles in <2 s. To test this hypothesis, we determined the time course of the vasodilatory response of isolated skeletal muscle arterioles to direct application of potassium chloride, adenosine, acetylcholine, and sodium nitroprusside. Soleus

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Shiraishi, Yasuyuki, Shun Kohsaka, Toshiomi Katsuki, et al. "Benefit and harm of intravenous vasodilators across the clinical profile spectrum in acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema patients." European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care 9, no. 5 (2020): 448–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2048872619891075.

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Background: The absence of high quality, large-scale data that indicates definitive mortality benefits does not allow for firm conclusions on the role of intravenous vasodilators in acute heart failure. We aimed to investigate the associations between intravenous vasodilators and clinical outcomes in acute heart failure patients, with a specific focus on patient profiles and type of vasodilators. Methods: Data of 26,212 consecutive patients urgently hospitalised for a primary diagnosis of acute heart failure between 2009 and 2015 were extracted from a government-funded multicentre data registr

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Han, Ningxin, Hui Qi, Yujie Yin, et al. "The effectiveness of vasodilators on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Medicine 103, no. 46 (2024): e39794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000039794.

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Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex progressive disease. Some vasodilators have been reported with therapeutic potential to protect vascular function therefore may delay the progression of COPD. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, OVID and Clinicaltrials.gov database for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before January 1, 2024. RCTs which treatment with vasodilators to COPD patients were included. Gas-blood exchange indicators were the primary outcomes, and ventilation function and quality of life indicat

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7

Morales-Cano, Daniel, Bianca Barreira, Beatriz De Olaiz Navarro, et al. "Oxygen-Sensitivity and Pulmonary Selectivity of Vasodilators as Potential Drugs for Pulmonary Hypertension." Antioxidants 10, no. 2 (2021): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020155.

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Current approved therapies for pulmonary hypertension (PH) aim to restore the balance between endothelial mediators in the pulmonary circulation. These drugs may exert vasodilator effects on poorly oxygenated vessels. This may lead to the derivation of blood perfusion towards low ventilated alveoli, i.e., producing ventilation-perfusion mismatch, with detrimental effects on gas exchange. The aim of this study is to analyze the oxygen-sensitivity in vitro of 25 drugs currently used or potentially useful for PH. Additionally, the study analyses the effectiveness of these vasodilators in the pulm

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8

Nawaytou, Hythem, Jeffrey R. Fineman, Shahin Moledina, Dunbar Ivy, Steven H. Abman, and Maria J. Del Cerro. "Practice patterns of pulmonary hypertension secondary to left heart disease among pediatric pulmonary hypertension providers." Pulmonary Circulation 11, no. 1 (2021): 204589402199144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045894021991446.

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Development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with left side heart disease (LHD) is a predictor of poor prognosis. The use of pulmonary vasodilators in PH associated with LHD (PH-LHD) is controversial. In this study, we describe the practice patterns regarding the use of pulmonary vasodilators in PH-LHD among a group of international pediatric PH specialists. A survey was distributed to the members of three pediatric PH networks: PPHNet, PVRI, and REHIPED. The survey queried participants on the rationale, indications, and contraindications of the use of pulmonary vasodilators in child

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9

Goyanes, Alice M., and Gustavo A. Heresi. "Medical Management of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension." Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension 21, no. 3 (2022): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21693/1933-088x-21.3.88.

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Medical therapy in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) has two primary goals- to prevent recurrent thromboembolic events and to reduce right ventricular afterload with targeted medications (vasodilators) for pulmonary hypertension. These medical strategies are used in conjunction with mechanical treatments for CTEPH (pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) or balloon angioplasty). In the context of this review, we discuss anticoagulation strategies, patient selection for vasodilator therapy with particular focus on hemodynamic and clinically meaningful definitions of residual p

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10

Wallace, William D., Mehdi Nouraie, Stephen Y. Chan, and Michael G. Risbano. "Treatment of exercise pulmonary hypertension improves pulmonary vascular distensibility." Pulmonary Circulation 8, no. 3 (2018): 204589401878738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045894018787381.

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Exercise pulmonary hypertension (ePH) is an underappreciated form of exertional limitation. Despite normal resting pulmonary artery pressures, patients with ePH demonstrate early pulmonary vascular changes with reduced pulmonary arterial compliance (PAC) and vascular distensibility (α). Recent data suggest that targeted vasodilator therapy may improve hemodynamics in ePH, but it is not well-known whether such medications alter pulmonary vascular distensibility. Thus, we sought to evaluate if vasodilator therapy improved α a marker of early pulmonary vascular disease in ePH. Ten patients perfor

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11

Jones, D. "The Neglected saliva: medically important toxins in the saliva of human lice." Parasitology 116, S1 (1998): S73—S81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000084961.

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SummaryAlthough there has been a great deal of research effort within the last two decades on identifying the active components of the saliva of blood-sucking ticks, mosquitoes, biting flies, fleas and bugs, essentially neglected have been the human lice. Despite initial reports in the early part of this century suggestive of vasodilatory, anticoagulant and immunosuppressive properties of the saliva, for the next 50 years there were no biochemical studies on the active principles. Very recently, anatomical and biochemical studies have begun to characterize the bioactive molecules in lice saliv

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12

Stevenson, Lynne Warner, and Gregg Fonarow. "Vasodilators." Drugs 43, no. 1 (1992): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199243010-00003.

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&NA;. "Vasodilators." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1308 (2010): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201013080-00099.

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14

Zimpfer, M., and Steltzer. "Vasodilators." Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 3, no. 1 (1990): 107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001503-199002000-00024.

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15

Gillmeyer, Kari R., Donald R. Miller, Mark E. Glickman, et al. "Outcomes of pulmonary vasodilator use in Veterans with pulmonary hypertension associated with left heart disease and lung disease." Pulmonary Circulation 11, no. 2 (2021): 204589402110017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20458940211001714.

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Randomized trials of pulmonary vasodilators in pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease (Group 2) and lung disease (Group 3) have demonstrated potential for harm. Yet these therapies are commonly used in practice. Little is known of the effects of treatment outside of clinical trials. We aimed to establish outcomes of vasodilator treatment for Groups 2/3 pulmonary hypertension in real-world practice. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 132,552 Medicare-eligible Veterans with incident Groups 2/3 pulmonary hypertension between 2006 and 2016, and a secondary nested case–control s

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16

Onoue, Hisashi, Nobuyoshi Kaito, Shogo Tokudome, et al. "Investigation of Postmortem Functional Changes in Human Cerebral Arteries." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 13, no. 2 (1993): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1993.44.

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This study demonstrated the time-dependent changes in postmortem responses of isolated human middle cerebral artery strips to vasodilators. The relaxation induced by prostaglandin (PG) I2 or nitroglycerin remained stable for 24 h postmortem. In arterial strips precontracted with PGF2α, substance P and bradykinin both elicited relaxation that was almost completely abolished by removal of the endothelium. The endothelium-dependent response to both peptides was significantly degraded in strips obtained >12 h postmortem. These results indicate a selective functional or anatomical vulnerability

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17

Altman, J., D. Dulas, T. Pavek, D. D. Laxson, D. C. Homans, and R. J. Bache. "Endothelial function in well-developed canine coronary collateral vessels." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 264, no. 2 (1993): H567—H572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1993.264.2.h567.

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This study examined responses of coronary collateral blood flow to endothelial-dependent vasodilators. Studies were performed in 13 dogs 4-6 mo after embolic occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Collateral flow was determined as the sum of retrograde flow from the cannulated LAD, and continuing tissue flow was measured with microspheres administered during the retrograde flow collection. Agonists were introduced into the left main coronary artery to reach collaterals arising from the left coronary arterial system. The endothelial-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine

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18

McAllister, Richard M., Michael D. Delp, and M. Harold Laughlin. "A Review of Effects of Hypothyroidism on Vascular Transport in Skeletal Muscle During Exercise." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 22, no. 1 (1997): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h97-001.

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Hypothyroidism is a common thyroid disease characterized by exercise intolerance. Both exercise capacity and endurance are compromised in the hypothyroid state. Studies involving rats performing treadmill running have shown that blood flows during exercise to high oxidative, extensor-type muscles are lower in hypothyroid rats compared with those in euthyroid rats. Abnormal cardiac and vascular function appear to contribute to this hxpoperfusion. Experiments involving isolated arterial vessel segments have demonstrated that potential for constriction is normal in vessels from hypothyroid animal

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19

Tsoporis, J., B. X. Yuan, and F. H. Leenen. "Arterial vasodilators, cardiac volume load, and cardiac hypertrophy in normotensive rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 256, no. 3 (1989): H876—H880. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1989.256.3.h876.

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To assess a possible involvement of cardiac volume overload in the development of cardiac hypertrophy during chronic arterial vasodilator treatment, changes in indexes of cardiac volume load in relation to changes in cardiac anatomy were evaluated during treatment of normotensive rats with 120 mg/l hydralazine or 120 mg/l minoxidil, with drinking water. Long-term treatment with hydralazine, but not minoxidil, caused small decreases in systolic blood pressure; neither vasodilator affected heart rate with chronic treatment. Arterial vasodilator treatment for 2 wk or more resulted in increases in

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20

Wang, Wuwan, Xiankang Hu, Weitin Liao, et al. "The efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in patients with Fontan circulation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." Pulmonary Circulation 9, no. 1 (2018): 204589401879045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2045894018790450.

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No previous meta-analysis has evaluated the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in Fontan physiology. Recent relative trials have obtained conflicting results regarding improvements in peak oxygen consumption; the relatively small number of patients in each study may be a limiting factor. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in Fontan patients. Relevant studies were identified by searching the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Pooled outcomes were determined to assess the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in Fontan patients.

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Fineman, J. R., M. R. Crowley, M. A. Heymann, and S. J. Soifer. "In vivo attenuation of endothelium-dependent pulmonary vasodilation by methylene blue." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 2 (1991): 735–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.2.735.

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In vitro evidence suggests that resting pulmonary vascular tone and endothelium-dependent pulmonary vasodilation are mediated by changes in vascular smooth muscle concentrations of guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). We investigated this hypothesis in vivo in 19 mechanically ventilated intact lambs by determining the hemodynamic effects of methylene blue (a guanylate cyclase inhibitor) and then by comparing the hemodynamic response to five vasodilators during pulmonary hypertension induced by the infusion of U-46619 (a thromboxane A2 mimic) or methylene blue. Methylene blue caused a s

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Jeremiasen, Ida, Karin Tran-Lundmark, Nikmah Idris, Phan-Kiet Tran, and Shahin Moledina. "Pulmonary Vasodilator Therapy in Children with Single Ventricle Physiology: Effects on Saturation and Pulmonary Arterial Pressure." Pediatric Cardiology 41, no. 8 (2020): 1651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00246-020-02424-w.

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AbstractIn children with single ventricle physiology, increased pulmonary vascular resistance may impede surgical progression or result in failing single ventricle physiology. The use of pulmonary vasodilators has been suggested as a potential therapy. However, knowledge on indication, dosage, and effect is limited. A retrospective case notes review of all (n = 36) children with single ventricle physiology, treated with pulmonary vasodilators by the UK Pulmonary Hypertension Service for Children 2004–2017. Therapy was initiated in Stage 1 (n = 12), Glenn (n = 8), or TCPC (n = 16). Treatment in

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Toda, Noboru, and Tomio Okamura. "Cerebral Vasodilators." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 76, no. 4 (1998): 349–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jjp.76.349.

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Kaul, Dhananjay K., Xiaoqin Zhang, Trisha Dasgupta, and Mary E. Fabry. "Arginine therapy of transgenic-knockout sickle mice improves microvascular function by reducing non-nitric oxide vasodilators, hemolysis, and oxidative stress." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 295, no. 1 (2008): H39—H47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00162.2008.

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In sickle cell disease, nitric oxide (NO) depletion by cell-free plasma hemoglobin and/or oxygen radicals is associated with arginine deficiency, impaired NO bioavailability, and chronic oxidative stress. In transgenic-knockout sickle (BERK) mice that express exclusively human α- and βS-globins, reduced NO bioavailability is associated with induction of non-NO vasodilator enzyme, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and impaired NO-mediated vascular reactivity. We hypothesized that enhanced NO bioavailability in sickle mice will abate activity of non-NO vasodilators, improve vascular reactivity, decrease h

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Lermioglu, F., J. Goyal, and A. Hassid. "Cell density modulates the decrease of cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by atrial natriuretic hormone, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine and 8-bromo cyclic GMP in cultured rat mesangial cells." Biochemical Journal 274, no. 2 (1991): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2740323.

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Cyclic GMP-elevating agents, including atrial natriuretic hormone and NO-generating vasodilators, decrease cytosolic free Ca2+ levels in mesangial cells. We have investigated the role of cell density as a modulator of the decrease in cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by the cyclic GMP (cGMP)-elevating vasodilators atrial natriuretic peptide (99-126) [ANP (99-126); ‘atriopeptin 28′] and the NO-generating vasodilator S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), in cultured rat mesangial cells. Increasing cell density was significantly correlated with the decrease in cytosolic free Ca2+ induced by ANP (99-1

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Russ, R. D., and B. R. Walker. "Maintained endothelium-dependent pulmonary vasodilation following chronic hypoxia in the rat." Journal of Applied Physiology 74, no. 1 (1993): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.74.1.339.

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We have previously demonstrated that arginine vasopressin (AVP) dilates the preconstricted pulmonary vasculature via the release of nitric oxide (NO). However, recent evidence suggests that NO release in response to other agents may be suppressed in lungs from animals that have been chronically exposed to hypoxia. The purpose of the present experiment was to determine whether vasopressinergic pulmonary vasodilation is similarly affected by chronic exposure to hypoxia (barometric pressure = 380 Torr for 4 wk). Inhibition of NO synthesis with N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) had no effect on bas

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Ogawa, Haruo, Junya Kusumoto, Tadashi Nomura, Kazunobu Hashikawa, Hiroto Terashi, and Shunsuke Sakakibara. "Wire Myography for Continuous Estimation of the Optimal Concentration of Topical Lidocaine as a Vasodilator in Microsurgery." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 37, no. 06 (2021): 541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1722759.

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Abstract Background Intraoperative vasospasm during reconstructive microvascular surgery is often unpredictable and may lead to devastating flap loss. Therefore, various vasodilators are used in reconstructive microsurgery to prevent and relieve vasospasm. Lidocaine is a vasodilator commonly used in microvascular surgery. Although many reports have described its in vitro and in vivo concentration-dependent vasodilatory effects, limited studies have examined the pharmacological effects of lidocaine on blood vessels in terms of persistence and titer. Methods In this study, the vasodilatory effec

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Ueda, Misato, Yasuki Hirayama, Haruo Ogawa, Tadashi Nomura, Hiroto Terashi, and Shunsuke Sakakibara. "Vasodilating Effects of Antispasmodic Agents and Their Cytotoxicity in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Endothelial Cells—Potential Application in Microsurgery." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 13 (2023): 10850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241310850.

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This study aimed to elucidate the vasodilatory effects and cytotoxicity of various vasodilators used as antispasmodic agents during microsurgical anastomosis. Rat smooth muscle cells (RSMCs) and human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were used to investigate the physiological concentrations and cytotoxicity of various vasodilators (lidocaine, papaverine, nitroglycerin, phentolamine, and orciprenaline). Using a wire myograph system, we determined the vasodilatory effects of each drug in rat abdominal aortic sections at the concentration resulting in maximal vasodilation as well as at

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Yuchi, Yunosuke, Ryohei Suzuki, Narumi Ishida, et al. "Comparative Study of Cardiovascular Effects of Selected Pulmonary Vasodilators in Canine Models of Mitral Valve Disease." Biology 13, no. 5 (2024): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology13050311.

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Previous reports have shown that various oral pulmonary vasodilators are effective against canine pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, no studies have compared their hemodynamic effects. We aimed to compare the hemodynamic effects of 15 µg/kg beraprost sodium, 1.0 mg/kg sildenafil, and their combination, in dogs with experimentally induced mitral regurgitation. This experimental crossover study evaluated the hemodynamic and functional effects of oral pulmonary vasodilators by application of right-sided heart catheterization and echocardiography. Beraprost significantly decreased pulmonary and

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Merkus, Daphne, David B. Haitsma, Tse-Yeung Fung, Yvette J. Assen, Pieter D. Verdouw, and Dirk J. Duncker. "Coronary blood flow regulation in exercising swine involves parallel rather than redundant vasodilator pathways." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 285, no. 1 (2003): H424—H433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00916.2002.

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In dogs, only combined blockade of vasodilator pathways [via adenosine receptors, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels] results in impairment of metabolic vasodilation, which suggests a redundancy design of coronary flow regulation. Conversely, in swine and humans, blocking KATP channels, adenosine receptors, or NOS each impairs coronary blood flow (CBF) at rest and during exercise. Consequently, we hypothesized that these vasodilators act in parallel rather than in redundancy to regulate CBF in swine. Swine exercised on a treadmill (0–5 km/h), during control and af

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McQuillan, L. P., G. K. Leung, P. A. Marsden, S. K. Kostyk, and S. Kourembanas. "Hypoxia inhibits expression of eNOS via transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 267, no. 5 (1994): H1921—H1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.267.5.h1921.

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Normal blood vessel tone is maintained by a balance of vasoconstrictors and vasodilators produced by endothelial cells in the vasculature. Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent vasodilator that causes vascular smooth muscle cell relaxation by elevating intracellular guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels. The physiological mechanisms regulating NO production in the vasculature are not completely understood. We report here that production of this vasodilator by vascular endothelial cells can be significantly suppressed by hypoxia. Exposing human endothelial cells to low PO2 results in 40–60

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Huraux, Catherine, Tetsuji Makita, Felix Montes, Fania Szlam, and Jerrold H. Levy. "A Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Multiple Vasodilators on Human Internal Mammary Artery." Anesthesiology 88, no. 6 (1998): 1654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199806000-00030.

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Background Vasospasm of arterial grafts represents an unpredictable complication of coronary artery surgery and may compromise myocardial revascularization, and treatment is based on empirical therapy with nitroglycerin. Because of the potential for tolerance to nitroglycerin to occur, the authors studied different vasodilators acting through separate pathways on segments of human internal mammary artery. Methods Isolated vascular rings were precontracted with norepinephrine (1 microM), KCl, or the thromboxane A2 analogue (U46619, 10 nm). Nitroglycerin (a nitrovasodilator), milrinone (a type I

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Reddy, V. M., J. Wong, J. R. Liddicoat, M. Johengen, R. Chang, and J. R. Fineman. "Altered endothelium-dependent responses in lambs with pulmonary hypertension and increased pulmonary blood flow." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 271, no. 2 (1996): H562—H570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.271.2.h562.

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To investigate early endothelial function associated with increased pulmonary blood flow, vascular shunts were placed between the ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery in 18 late-gestation fetal sheep. Four weeks after delivery, the lambs were instrumented to measure vascular pressures and blood flows, and blood was collected to measure plasma concentrations of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate [cGMP, the second messenger to nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation] and L-arginine (the precursor for NO synthesis). The responses to the endothelium-dependent vasodilators acetylcholine (ACh

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Kvietys, P. R., C. A. Navia, A. J. Premen, and D. N. Granger. "Quantitative assessment of the two-component model of intestinal circulation." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 251, no. 4 (1986): G446—G452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1986.251.4.g446.

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Recently a two-component model of the intestinal circulation was proposed to explain the effects of vasodilators on intestinal oxygenation. This model assumes that the intestine is composed of two regions: one region in which oxygen uptake is blood flow independent (well perfused and normoxic) and a second region in which oxygen uptake is blood flow dependent (under-perfused and hypoxic). The model predicts that total intestinal oxygen uptake is increased by a vasodilator only if the blood flow-dependent region is affected. We used a systems analysis approach to predict the various boundary co

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Bernal, Anthony, Edgar A. Márquez, Máryury Flores-Sumoza, et al. "Molecular Modeling of Vasodilatory Activity: Unveiling Novel Candidates Through Density Functional Theory, QSAR, and Molecular Dynamics." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 23 (2024): 12649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312649.

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant global health challenge, requiring innovative therapeutic strategies. Vasodilators, which are central to vasodilation and blood pressure reduction, play a crucial role in cardiovascular treatment. This study integrates quantitative structure– (QSAR) modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict the biological activity and interactions of vasodilatory compounds with the aim to repurpose drugs already known and estimateing their potential use as vasodilators. By exploring molecular descriptors, such as electronegativity, softness, an

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Kahale, Pravin, Pijush Kanti Biswas, Sunil George, et al. "Preference and practice of Indian physicians towards the use of vasodilator di-hydralazine in the management of resistant hypertension." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 12 (2020): 1781. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20204986.

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Background: The treatment modalities of resistant hypertension (RH) remain a clinical challenge, often requiring secondary/add-on drugs with first-line therapy to control blood pressure (BP). This study was conducted to explore and understand the preferences and practices of Indian physicians towards the use of vasodilator (especially di-hydralazine) in the management of RH.Methods: This was a cross-sectional, observational, web-based physician survey. The study included cardiologist, nephrologist and consultant physicians from different geographical regions of India. A web-based physician sur

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Cohn, Jay N., Gordon T. McInnes, and Alexander M. Shepherd. "Direct-Acting Vasodilators." Journal of Clinical Hypertension 13, no. 9 (2011): 690–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7176.2011.00507.x.

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Vogel, Robert A. "Vintners and vasodilators." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 41, no. 3 (2003): 479–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(02)02825-5.

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Fayyaz, Mohammed, Muzamil Rana, Suresh Kacham, et al. "Antioxidants are vasodilators." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 27, no. 2 (1996): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0735-1097(96)80744-3.

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Boley, Scott J., and Lawrence J. Brandt. "Selective mesenteric vasodilators." Gastroenterology 91, no. 1 (1986): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(86)90466-x.

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Hyman, A. L., P. J. Kadowitz, and H. L. Lippton. "Methylene blue selectively inhibits pulmonary vasodilator responses in cats." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 3 (1989): 1513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.3.1513.

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The effects of methylene blue on vascular tone and the responses to pressor and depressor substances were investigated in the constricted feline pulmonary vascular bed under conditions of controlled blood flow and constant left atrial pressure. When tone was elevated with U46619, intralobar injections of acetylcholine, bradykinin, nitroglycerin, isoproterenol, epinephrine, and 8-bromoguanosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (8-bromo-cGMP) dilated the pulmonary vascular bed. Intralobar infusions of methylene blue elevated lobar arterial pressure without altering base-line left atrial or aortic pres

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Oltman, C. L., J. L. Parker, and M. H. Laughlin. "Endothelium-dependent vasodilation of proximal coronary arteries from exercise-trained pigs." Journal of Applied Physiology 79, no. 1 (1995): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1995.79.1.33.

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We recently reported that alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction is blunted and adenosine-induced vasodilation is enhanced in proximal coronary arteries of exercise-trained miniature swine [C. L. Oltman, J. L. Parker, H. R. Adams, and M. H. Laughlin. Am. J. Physiol. 263 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 32): H372-H382, 1992]. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether this model of exercise training also alters endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses of proximal coronary arteries. Female Yucatan miniature swine were exercise trained (ET) on a motor-driven treadmill or were cage confined (Sed

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Enomoto, Masahiro, Amish Jain, Jingyi Pan, et al. "Newborn rat response to single vs. combined cGMP-dependent pulmonary vasodilators." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 306, no. 2 (2014): L207—L215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00164.2013.

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Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) and other cGMP- or cAMP-dependent pulmonary vasodilators are often used in combination for the treatment of the persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn syndrome. There is in vitro evidence to indicate that NO downregulate the pulmonary vascular response to cGMP-dependent agonists raising concern as to whether a synergistic effect is observed when employing a combined strategy in newborns. Hypothesizing that a synergistic effect is absent, we evaluated newborn and juvenile rat pulmonary arteries to determine the individual and combined vasodilatory effect of c

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Kondo, Uruo, Si-Oh Kim, and Paul A. Murray. "Propofol Selectively Attenuates Endothelium-dependent Pulmonary Vasodilation in Chronically Instrumented Dogs." Anesthesiology 93, no. 2 (2000): 437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200008000-00023.

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Background The objective was to investigate the effects of propofol anesthesia on the pulmonary vascular response to endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators, compared with the responses measured in the conscious state. Methods Twenty-six conditioned, male, mongrel dogs were instrumented long-term to measure the left pulmonary vascular pressure-flow relation. Pressure-flow plots were measured on separate days in conscious and propofol-anesthetized (5.0 mg/kg plus 0.5 mg. kg-1. min-1 intravenously) dogs at baseline, after preconstriction with the thromboxane mimetic U46619, and durin

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Habila, Tahir, Mebrouk Belghobsi, Mohamed-Zakaria Stiti, et al. "Synthesis and vasodilator activity of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones bearing urea, thiourea, and sulfonylurea moieties." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 97, no. 1 (2019): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2018-0239.

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A series of novel 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones bearing urea, thiourea, and sulfonylurea moieties were synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated as vasodilator agents. The most interesting vasodilators were the thiourea derivatives 6a and 6b and the urea derivatives 6f–6i and 7f–7h, although the ureas were relatively more active than thioureas. Twenty-fold more active than diazoxide, the urea 6g was the most potent vasodilator (EC50 = 0.983 ± 0.061 μmol/L) and proved to act as a voltage-gated calcium channel blocker. The lack of activity of sulfonylureas, 6k and 7j, could be attributed to

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Jackson, W. F. "Arteriolar tone is determined by activity of ATP-sensitive potassium channels." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 265, no. 5 (1993): H1797—H1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1993.265.5.h1797.

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The role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP) in determining resting arteriolar tone and vasodilator reactivity was assessed in superfused, hamster microcirculatory beds studied via intravital microscopy. Under resting conditions, the selective KATP blocker, glibenclamide, produced concentration-dependent vasoconstriction in both the cheek pouch and the cremaster muscle. Concentration-related constriction of cheek pouch arterioles was also observed with tetrapentylammonium, although this agent appeared to have toxic effects on the microcirculation. Glibenclamide (2 microM) abolished arte

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Hintze, T. H., M. G. Currie, and P. Needleman. "Atriopeptins: renal-specific vasodilators in conscious dogs." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 248, no. 4 (1985): H587—H591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1985.248.4.h587.

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Conscious dogs were instrumented to study the effects of atriopeptins (I, II, III) on renal, iliac, mesenteric, and coronary blood flow. Intravenous injection of atriopeptins II and III caused a dose-related increase in renal blood flow, whereas atriopeptin I had no effect. Atriopeptins II and III at 5 micrograms/kg increased renal blood flow 27 +/- 5.0% from 252 +/- 29 ml/min and 18 +/- 2.9% from 238 +/- 32 ml/min and reduced renal vascular resistance 24 +/- 3.2% from 0.431 +/- 0.048 mmHg X ml-1 X min and 15.1 +/- 1.2% from 0.443 +/- 0.023 mmHg X ml-1 X min, respectively. Atriopeptin I, II, o

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Kalábová, Silvie, Klára Marešová, and Marta Karhanová. "Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischaemic Optic Neuropathy: Treatment and Risk Factors." Czech and Slovak Ophthalmology 76, no. 2 (2020): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31348/2020/15.

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Aim: To ascertain whether various therapeutic procedures in non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) have an impact on the resulting visual acuity of the affected eye. To assess the prevalence of risk factors that accompany this disease according to the literature. Methods: The retrospective study enrolled 55 eyes of 53 patients (41 men, 12 women) with an age range of 46 to 85 years (mean 64.9; median 64.0) who were hospitalized at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry and the University Hospital in Olomouc with the diagnosis of NAION between

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Sheikh, Naveen. "Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Associated With Congenital Heart Disease." University Heart Journal 12, no. 1 (2017): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/uhj.v12i1.34022.

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The management of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has changed dramatically with the development of targeted therapy with selective pulmonary vasodilators. It is important to develop evidence-based guidelines for the management of these patients, and to achieve this, a register of adult Bangladeshi patients with PAH associated with CHD should be established. At the World Symposium in Nice, France, in 2013, the consensus was reached that patients with a pulmonary resistance of < 4 Wood Units (WU)û0m2 have operable disease, and patients wi

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Jones, N. S., and L. D. Lewis. "Ergotamine-induced Peripheral Ischaemia Reversed by Oral Thymoxamine Hydrochloride." Human Toxicology 5, no. 1 (1986): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718600500114.

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Although there is no generally accepted therapy for ergotamine-induced vasoconstriction, infusion of directly acting vasodilators is regarded presently as the treatment of choice. We present a case of peripheral arterial ischaemia secondary to excessive use of ergotamine suppositories, which was reversed with oral thymoxamine hydrochloride (an α 1-adrenoceptor antagonist) and ergotamine withdrawal. We suggest that in patients with ergotamine-induced peripheral arterial vasoconstriction with no evidence of gangrene, oral thymoxamine may be considered as a useful adjunct or possible alternative

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