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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vasopressor'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tabrizchi, Reza. "Different modes of vasopressor actions of angiotensin and non-selective or selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonists." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29439.

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Vasoconstriction can be initiated via the interaction of a number of chemicals with specific "receptive sites" known as the receptors. This thesis examines two distinctly different modes by which drugs initiate a contractile response, namely, (i) the interaction of angiotensin analogues with a heterogeneous population of angiotensin receptors in vascular smooth muscles, and (ii) the conditions whereby B-adrenoceptor antagonists interact with a-adrenoceptor antagonists thereby causing a pressor response. Conscious, unrestrained, instrumented-rats were used for the study. It has been suggested

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2

Wollan, Melissa. "Shock index as a predictor of vasopressor use in severe sepsis patients in the emergency department." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-12092008-172348/.

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3

Erkinaro, T. (Tiina). "Fetal and placental haemodynamic responses to hypoxaemia, maternal hypotension and vasopressor therapy in a chronic sheep model." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514281659.

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Abstract Knowledge of the effects of maternally administered vasopressors on human fetal and placental haemodynamics is sparse and limited to elective Caesarean deliveries in uncomplicated pregnancies. We hypothesized that, after short-term fetal hypoxaemia, which activates fetal cardiovascular compensatory mechanisms, treatment of maternal hypotension with ephedrine or phenylephrine results in divergent responses in fetal and placental haemodynamics. Chronically instrumented near-term sheep fetuses with either normal placental function or increased placental vascular resistance following pl

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4

Daniels, Abigail Hanlise. "Maternal and cardiac output response to vasopressor therapy during spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean Section in severe preeclampsia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27436.

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Background: The maternal haemodynamic responses to vasopressors during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery in patients with severe preeclampsia, have not been accurately described. This study compared the haemodynamic effects of the vasopressors ephedrine and phenylephrine during spinal anaesthesia. Methods: Thirty nine women with treated severe preeclampsia presenting for spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section for a maternal indication, were studied. Baseline maternal haemodynamics were measured in the left lateral position, using minimal invasive cardiac output monitoring (LiDCOrapid

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5

Ngaka, Tshebeletso Christian. "The influence of body mass index on sensorimotor block and vasopressor requirement during spinal anaesthesia for elective caesarean section." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24485.

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Background: It has been suggested that the dose requirement for spinal anesthesia (SA) is lower in obese patients for cesarean delivery. In this prospective, observational, non-inferiority study we tested the hypothesis that obesity would not have a clinically important effect on vasopressor requirements or block height. Methods: Two groups of 25 parturients, Group O (BMI >40 kg/m²) and Group N (BMI <32 kg/m²) requiring elective cesarean delivery were recruited. All patients received 10 mg intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine co-administered with 10 μg fentanyl. Dermatomal levels were assessed a

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6

Hylands, Mathieu. "Première phase d’un programme de recherche sur l’utilisation de vasopresseurs en traumatologie : étude observationnelle et revue systématique." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9636.

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Résumé : Les réanimateurs ont recours à des interventions à la fois médicales et chirurgicales en contexte de choc traumatique. Le rôle des vasopresseurs dans cette prise en charge est controversé. Alors que les lignes directrices américaines considèrent que les vasopresseurs sont contre-indiqués, certains experts européens en encouragent l’utilisation pour diminuer le recours aux liquides intraveineux. Avant d’élaborer un essai clinique, il importe de comprendre la pratique actuelle à laquelle se comparera une intervention expérimentale, ainsi que de connaître le niveau d’incertitude dans la

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7

Schäfer, Andreas [Verfasser]. "Wirksamkeit der Vasopressoren Adrenalin und Arginin-Vasopressin während eines asphyktisch induzierten Herz-Kreislaufstillstandes am porcinen Tiermodell / Andreas Schäfer." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1068772867/34.

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8

Soares, André Vasconcelos. "Choque hemorrágico experimental em cães anestesiados com isofluorano, tratados com solução hipertônica e colóide associada a diferentes vasopressores." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4055.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The objective was to compare the hemodynamic and metabolic effects of treatment with hypertonic saline and colloid (expanders) associated with different vasoconstrictors in dogs subjected to experimental hemorrhagic shock. Twenty-four healthy adult mongrel dogs were included in the study, with mean body weight of 10.84±3.3kg, males and females. Following anesthetic induction by isoflurane inhalation, the animals were intubated and connected to a partial rebreathing system, and subjected to general inhalational anesthesia with isofl

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9

Sandgren, Jeremy Anton. "Vasopressin in preeclampsia." Diss., University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6849.

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Preeclampsia is a devastating disorder of pregnancy characterized by high blood pressure, proteinuria, headache, renal glomerular endotheliosis, multi-organ system failure, and fetal and maternal demise. As reviewed in Chapter I, not much is known about the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, contributing to a lack of biomarkers and treatments for the disease. In Chapter II, we review arginine vasopressin, a circulating neuropeptide hormone with important fluid balance and cardiovascular actions. Vasopressin binds to numerous receptors throughout the body to elicit its effects and is associated with

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10

Londen, Liesbeth van. "Vasopressin in major depression /." Leiden : Universitair Facilitair Bedrijf, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39926386d.

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11

Wilkinson, Marshall Frederick. "A vasopressinergic pathway within the brain and its role in drug-induced antipyresis and pyrogenic tolerance." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31414.

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There is strong evidence which supports a physiological role for arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the negative modulation of the febrile process within the central nervous system (CNS). This evidence arises from a variety of experimental techniques employed in a number of different animal models. The CNS locus of action for AVP-mediated antipyresis is within a rostral diencephalic site called the ventral septal area (VSA). It has become evident that the mechanism by which AVP and aspirin-like drugs transduce changes in febrile body temperature are similar. Moreover, antipyretic drugs and AVP may

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12

Maier, Paul Martin. "Vasopressin und Stress beim Wiederkäuer /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10662.

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13

Drew, P. J. T. "Physiological studies with arginine vasopressin." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.598650.

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14

King, Kathryn Anne. "Central and peripheral components of the vasoactive actions of vasopressin and adrenergic amines." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27361.

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Three major systems participate in the control of the peripheral circulation: the renin-angiotensin, the arginine vasopressin (AVP) and the sympathetic nervous systems. These studies examined the roles of the AVP and the sympathetic nervous systems in the regulation of blood pressure at both the central and the peripheral level. Anatomical studies have revealed that hypothalamic neurons containing AVP extend to the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the medulla. Since the NTS is the primary site of termination of the afferent neurons of the baroreceptor reflex arc, it suggests that AVP may b

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15

Wilkinson, Marshall Frederick. "An analysis of the antipyretic effects of centrally administered arginine vasopressin in the rat." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26667.

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Previous studies in the sheep, rabbit, cat and rat have demonstrated the ability of the neuropeptide, arginine vasopressin (AVP), to suppress endotoxin-induced fever when perfused into a discrete brain locus. Fever can also be suppressed if AVP is microinjected into the cerebral ventricles of the rat. The mechanisms by which AVP mediates antipyresis are unknown. Experiments were conducted, therefore, to examine the effect of intracerebroventricular (icv) AVP on an established fever and to assess the mechanism of action using a specific, V₁-receptor antagonist (M-AVP). Studies were also conduct

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16

Oiso, Yutaka, Hiroshi Nagasaki, and Hisashi Yokoi. "Transgenic rat models of vasopressin overexpression." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5393.

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17

Lefebvre, Diana Lynn. "Extrahypothalamic vasopressin and oxytocin gene expression." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41031.

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Considerable evidence supports a role for vasopressin (VP) as a local regulator of steroidogenesis in rat testes. I show that rat testes contain three distinct VP gene-related transcripts differing in size from the hypothalamic VP mRNA. Two of these transcripts contain exons B and C, but not the exon that encodes the nonapeptide VP. Hence, these transcripts are incapable of generating testicular irVP. The third transcript possesses exon A-like sequences, probably originating from expression of a VP-related gene. This transcript may encode the VP-like peptide that has been detected in testicula

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18

Durie, Ruth Frances. "A population model of vasopressin secretion." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2220.

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Computer modelling is a powerful tool for clarifying and testing theory. In neuroscience, this often means replicating firing patterns. Models need evaluation functions to quantify the significance of features in the firing patterns, but usually the effect of firing is insufficiently understood. The magnocellular vasopressin neurons of the hypothalamus do have an output that is both well understood and quantifiable: they secrete a hormone into the bloodstream in proportion to blood osmolarity and volume, regulating these properties within a narrow physiologically acceptable range. This respons

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19

McKay, Ailsa J. "Central vasopressin signalling and aggressive behaviour." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4194.

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Although many signalling molecules appear relevant to the production of complex behaviours, those that are important to the physiological regulation of behaviour, and so those that characterise individual styles of behaviour, are unknown. Vasopressin is the strongest candidate regulator of social behaviour. Experiments were carried out in consideration that vasopressin may directly regulate aggressive behaviour in lactating rats. Patterns of immediate early gene expression during/subsequent to aggressive behaviour suggested specific neural circuits may have significant direct regulatory influe

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20

Johnston, Nicholas Ian Falkinder. "Arginine vasopressin in foetal skeletal muscle." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22358.

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Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is also known as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). The two major effects of this peptide, that of increasing blood pressure by vasoconstriction and reducing water loss by promoting water re-absorption in the kidney, are described as its primary functions. But other effects of AVP have been demonstrated. For example, in the adult mammal AVP has a role in platelet aggregation, hepatic glycogenloysis, and memory consolidation, and the purpose of the course of study described in this thesis was to examination a putative alternative function for AVP. In certain rat myogenic ce

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21

Grindstaff, Ryan Jerrod. "Arterial baroreceptor regulation of vasopressin release." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9974636.

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22

Zühlke, Kerstin. "Strukturelle und funktionelle Bedeutung der konservierten Disulfidbrücke des Vasopressin-V2-Rezeptors." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2003/142/index.html.

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23

Argent, Nicholas B. "Thirst and vasopressin in chronic renal failure." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281865.

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24

Lawson, L. J. "Vasopressin production in the salt loaded rat." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384031.

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25

Goto, Yukie. "Structure and function of V1b vasopressin receptor." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1474/.

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The V1b vasopressin receptor (V1bR) is a receptor for a neurohypophysial hormone [arginine8] vasopressin (AVP). V1bR is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) belonging to the Family A GPCR superfamily. The structures of seven α-helical transmembrane domains of this family members can be predicted based on the crystal structure of bovine rhodopsin (bRho) and human β2 adrenergic receptor (β2AR) obtained by X-ray crystallography. This study aimed to identify amino acid residues which participate in ligand binding of the V1bR by site-directed mutagenesis with the aid of molecular models of vasopress

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26

Birk, Julia. "Fibrillar aggregations of pathogenic pro-vasopressin mutants /." Basel : [s.n.], 2009. http://edoc.unibas.ch/diss/DissB_8880.

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27

Barrett, L. K. "Mechanisms of vasopressin hypersensitivity in septic shock." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445995/.

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Patients in prolonged, catecholamine-refractory septic shock have plasma vasopressin levels inappropriately low for their hypotension, yet show enhanced responses to exogenously administered hormone. I hypothesised that altered vasopressin signalling within vascular smooth muscle is responsible for this heightened sensitivity. Both vasopressin and the catecholamine, norepinephrine vasoconstrict via sarcolemmal G protein- coupled receptors. Diversity in the calcium signalling pathways downstream of these receptors may explain the differential effect of sepsis on vascular reactivity to the two h

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28

van, Bysterveldt Katherine. "Role of G Protein-coupled Receptor Kinase 5 in Desensitisation of the V1b Vasopressin Receptor in Response to Arginine Vasopressin." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6214.

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Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a hypothalamic nonapeptide which regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to stress by stimulating the secretion of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) from corticotroph cells of the anterior pituitary. This effect is mediated by binding of AVP to the pituitary vasopressin receptor (V1bR). The V1bR belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) super family. Repeated stimulation of anterior pituitary cells with AVP has been shown to produce a loss of responsiveness to subsequent AVP stimulation. This phenomenon appears to be mediated by desensitisation

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29

Schmittinger, Christian. "Zur Wirkung von Vasopressin beim unkontrollierten hämorrhagischen Schock." Diss., lmu, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-11163.

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30

MacLean, Evan L., Laurence R. Gesquiere, Margaret E. Gruen, Barbara L. Sherman, W. Lance Martin, and C. Sue Carter. "Endogenous Oxytocin, Vasopressin, and Aggression in Domestic Dogs." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625986.

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Aggressive behavior in dogs poses public health and animal welfare concerns, however the biological mechanisms regulating dog aggression are not well understood. We investigated the relationships between endogenous plasma oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (AVP)-neuropeptides that have been linked to affiliative and aggressive behavior in other mammalian species-and aggression in domestic dogs. We first validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the measurement of free (unbound) and total (free + bound) OT and AVP in dog plasma. In Experiment 1 we evaluated behavioral and neuroendocr

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31

Syed, Nasser. "Arginine vasopressin and somatostatin receptors in rat astrocytes." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2006.

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32

Roper, James A. "The vasopressin Avpr1b receptor : molecular and pharmacological studies." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535174.

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33

Hassan, Ali. "Desensitization of the adrenocorticotropin response to arginine vasopressin." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Zoology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6791.

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The hypothalamic peptide arginine vasopressin (AVP) is an important regulator of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) release from the anterior pituitary. AVP stimulates ACTH secretion from corticotroph cells by activating the V1b AVP receptor, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family which activates the phosphoinositide signalling pathway. In vivo, persistent or repeated stress can result in reduced ACTH responsiveness and it appears that regulation of the V1b receptor plays an important role in this process. Similarly, repeated or prolonged stimulation of anterior pituitary cells with

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34

Schönenberger, Eva [Verfasser]. "Intrazelluläre Qualitätskontrolle des Vasopressin-V2-Rezeptors / Eva Schönenberger." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1030380937/34.

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35

Johnson, J. V. "Vasopressin and blood pressure regulation in the rat." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376525.

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36

Freeman, Angela Rose. "Vasopressin and Social Behavior in Richardson's Ground Squirrels." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1480353729694591.

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37

Farquhar, Michelle Jane. "Molecular pharmacology of chimeric peptides." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247780.

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38

Bains, Randip Kaur. "Neuroendocrine physiology in the transgenic SLOB rat : a new obesity model." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249306.

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39

Schamber, Kristopher Cody. "Tachykinin NK3R protein levels in the PVN of rats following an osmotic challenge." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1407489691&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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40

Franzen, Norma-Fiona. "Einfluss der Glucocorticoide auf die Vasopressin-Sekretion beim Menschen." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2004/31/index.html.

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41

Tabrizchi, Reza. "The vascular role of vasopressin and sympathetic nervous system." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26090.

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The aim of my study was to investigate the influence of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and the sympathetic nervous system in the control of peripheral resistance and to examine the constrictor actions of various pressor agents in capacitance vessels. In the first set of experiments, the vascular effect of AVP in the presence and absence of influence from angiotensin II (Ag II) or a-adrenergic system was investigated in pentobarbital anaesthetized rats. Cardiac output (CO) and the distribution of blood flow (BF) were determined by the microspheres technique prior to and following the injection of

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42

McCurdy, Richard Douglas. "Postnatal growth of the porcine vasopressin/oxytocin-containing nucleus." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33252.pdf.

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43

Epton, Matthew James. "Somatic cross-over mutations between vasopressin and oxytocin genes." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365287.

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44

Conner, Matthew Thomas. "The structure and function of the V1a vasopressin receptor." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433710.

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The neurohypohysial hormone family includes the nonapeptides vasopressin (A VP) and oxytocin (OT). There are four distinct Family A (rhodopsin-like) G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) for these agonists which are members of the neurohypophysial receptor sub-family of GPCRs. the VJa receptor, the VJb receptor, the V2 receptor and the oxytocin receptor (OTR). V,"R. V'hR and OTR are coupled to Gq/ ll and stimulate inostiol trisphosphate production. The V 2R couples to Ci, and signals via adenylyl cyclase. This study utilizes a combination of mutagenesis and molecular pharmacology to elucidate im

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45

Faull, Christina M. "Anatomical and physiological relationships between central serotonin and vasopressin." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1049.

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The role of serotonin (51M) in the physiological regulation of AVP secretion is controversial. Neuroanatomical studies, largely in rats but also in human brains, have suggested that 5HT may have a direct modulatory effect on magnocellular vasopressin (AVP) secretion. Pharmacological and neurophysiological studies in animals have provided further evidence to support this and suggest that increase in 5HT neurotransmission leads to a rise in plasma AVP and that 5HT may be important in osmoregulated AVP secretion Studies investigating the importance of 511T as a modulator of AVP release in humans

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46

Bailey, Sian. "The structure and function of the human vasopressin receptors." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7719/.

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The human vasopressin receptors (V1aR, V1bR and V2R) are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) and mediate the effects of [Arg8]vasopressin (AVP). The influence of G-protein selectivity on ligand binding was probed by exchanging G-protein selectivity of the V1aR and V2R. This was achieved by generating a V1aR chimera that was capable of coupling to Gs and a V2R chimera that signalled via Gq/11. A conserved Ar1-X-Ar2 motif in ECL 1 of Family A GPCRs was identified. The vasopressin receptors lack the second aromatic residue, however tryptophan (Trp2·64) is conserved at the beginning of ECL 1. Remov

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47

Kirchner, Vincent. "The elderly, arginine vasopressin & selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26271.

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The association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRis) and hyponatraemia has been well documented, the elderly appearing to be at greatest risk. An analysis of data of hyponatraemia in the elderly using SSRis from all published cases and from the Committee on Safety of Medicines found that the mean time to detection was about 3 weeks after commencing SSRis. A wide range of time to detection (1-253 days) and non-specific symptoms suggest hyponatraemia is detected by chance rather than being specifically looked for. This is probably a sporadic, idiosyncratic phenomenon that is n

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48

Gouin, Jean-Philippe. "MARITAL QUALITY AND PLASMA LEVELS OF OXYTOCIN AND VASOPRESSIN." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1236184248.

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49

Lee, Hoi-yi Vien, and 李凱怡. "The role of secretin in mediating the osmoregulatory functions of angiotensin II." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43703707.

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50

Davies, Janet Elizabeth. "Towards a transgenic rat model of Familial Neurohypophysial Diabetes Insipidus." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247860.

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