Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Vecteurs de clonage'
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Pheulpin, Patrice. "Construction de vecteurs navettes Escherichia coli - Bacteroides." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10067.
Full textGil, Dominique. "Elaboration et caractérisation d'un nouveau type de vecteurs de clonage à nombre de copies régulable." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30189.
Full textJegot, Gwenhael. "Mise au point d'un système dérivé du transposon Mos1 comme vecteur non viral de transfert de gène en cellules eucaryotes." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR4014.
Full textThe mariner Mos 1 transposon can naturally move into the genome. The first research axis of this work concern the transposon characteristics which act upon the transposition activity of Mos1 (like the nucleic content of the transposon and its size). It have shown that a size of transgene upper than 2,5 kb limit the transposition efficiency, that a strong GC percentage favour the transposition, and that there is no minimal size for Mos1 transposition. The second research axis concern the adaptation and improvement of the Mos1 system to the eukaryotic cells, to developp a nonviral vector for gene transfer. The addition of a nuclear localization sequence improve the nuclear transfer, the "humanization" of the transposase sequence increase it expression in mammal cells, and the use of the HSVtK suicide system permit to limit the recombination events
Granio, Ophélia. "Développement de vecteurs adénoviraux pour la mucoviscidose : applications et perspectives en thérapie génique." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10194.
Full textAdenoviruses (Ad) are efficient gene transfer vectors. In this study, Ad vectors were developed for cystic fibrosis (CF), a genetic disease characterized by pulmonary complications due to mutations in the CFTR gene. The aim of this work was to construct an Ad5/GFP-CFTR vector which would allow the tracking of both the cellular localization and chloride channel function of the CFTR protein in Ad-transduced cells. The gene delivery of GFP-CFTR by Ad to CFTR-deficient human airway epithelial and tracheal cells showed correction of chloride channel CFTR activity and apical localization of GFP-CFTR. However, the Ad5 vector showed inhibition of CFTR activity at high vector doses which was associated to the penton base-integrin entry pathway. A chimeric Ad5/Fi35 vector was developed which had no toxic effect on the CFTR activity and efficiently transduced lung cells. This work also concerned the re-targeting of Ad vectors to different cell types of interest. Novel Ad vectors with fibers carrying AffibodyTM molecules which bind the Fc domain of antibodies were developed to allow re-targeting of Ad to specific cell receptors using antibodies
Faraut, Pascal. "Analyse d'événements de recombinaisons induits par la création d'une structure secondaire sur un ARN rétroviral et applications pour l'élaboration de vecteurs rétroviraux." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10200.
Full textTorne-Celer, Caroline. "Développement d'un nouveau type de vecteur rétroviral autodéletant pour l'étude de l'intégration rétrovirale et le transfert de gènes." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10114.
Full textMselli-Lakhal, Laïla. "Construction de vecteurs lentiviraux défectifs pour la réplication : étude du transport des ARN et des séquences impliquées dans l'encapsidation du génome du virus de l'arthrite et de l'encéphalite caprine (CAEV)." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T058.
Full textBIGEY, FREDERIC. "Clonage et analyse des genes de rhodococcus sp. Acv2 codant pour la degradation de l'adiponitrile. Localisation chromosomique. Construction de vecteurs de clonage." Montpellier, ENSA, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENSA0010.
Full textTessier, Jacques. "Étude des facteurs impliqués en cis et en trans dans l'assemblage et la réplication des vecteurs recombinants dérivés de l'adéno-associated virus de type 2 (AAVr)." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT05VS.
Full textThe development and use of recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus (rAAV) vectors have increased over the past ten years. The in vivo success of these vectors results in part from the unique properties of the wild type virus. However, the classical procedures for rAAV production are laborious, time-consuming, and rather inefficient. For these reasons, it remains difficult to obtain high-titer rAAV stocks, required for use in large animai models or in humans. To solve these problems, new strategies have been developed by several groups, especially the establishment of stable cell lines harboring the rep and cap sequences, coding for regulatory and structural proteins, respectively. . . . . During this study, we precisely characterized this phenomenon and defined the trans key actors involved (Tessier et al. , J. Virol. , 2001). Furthermore, we isolated a new replication element in the AAV type 2 rep-cap genome which is likely involved in cis in the amplification of the integrated rep-cap sequences (Nony et al. , J. Virol. , 2001)
Belbellaa, Brahim. "Optimisation du transfert de gène dans la rétine par vecteur adéno-associé." Nantes, 2011. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=dc719942-5365-4fd2-9ef0-9211fcc46829.
Full textRozoy, Brigitte. "Optimisation du transfert de gène dans les lymphocytes T à l'aide de rétrovirus recombinants non réplicatifs." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P071.
Full textJaoua, Samir. "Étude du mode d'intégration des plasmides IncP-1 dans le chromosome de Myxococcus xanthus : optimisation de ces plasmides pour le transfert de gènes étrangers chez cette bactérie." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPI232.
Full textIncP-1 plasmids (RP4 and its derivatives) are self-transmissible to Myxococcus xanthus, and maintained integrated into the host chromosome. The mode of integration is different from the one described for other gram negative bacteria. These plasmids are liable to structural instability, but it is possible to isolate stabilized insertions. New vectors are prepared. They have a high efficiency of transfer into many strains of Myxococcus Xanthus. The gene appA is cloned in vitro in one of these new vectors. Its codes for the synthesis og hyperacid phosphatise of E. Coli. This gene is expressed by Myxococcus Xanthus
Marcadé, Véronique. "Construction et caractérisation d'adénovirus multi-défectifs." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECAP0871.
Full textJain, Namrata. "Non-viral gene delivery vectors based on new unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/JAIN_Namrata_2010.pdf.
Full textThe success in gene therapy relies strongly on new efficient gene delivery vectors. Non-viral vectors are highly attractive, since they can deliver large quantities of genetic information and are low immunogenic. In this respect, unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles (bolas) bearing two different hydrophilic head-groups connected by a hydrophobic spacer could be an attractive alternative for vector design, as they can form well-defined supramolecular nanostructures (nanovesicles and nanotubes) that are more stable than those formed with lipids. The aim of the present work was to develop new gene delivery vectors based on bolas capable to form such nanostructures hosting a DNA molecule and exposing at their external surface neutral ligands. For this purpose, a variety of bolas, bearing cationic and neutral groups connected by a hydrophobic spacer, were obtained by multi-step organic synthesis. Their characterization by different instrumental techniques suggested that the nature of the head groups as well as the hydrophobic spacer defines the bola self-assembly, their interaction with DNA and the morphology of their complexes (bolaplexes). While the first two generations of bolas lack the essential features of nonviral vectors, the final third generation was found highly promising. The latter showed a strong interaction with DNA, the formation of small bolaplexes and good transfection efficiency in different cell lines. The increase in transfection efficiency in presence of DOPE or chloroquine suggested that the key barrier for their internalization could be the lipid fusion and the endosomal escape. Some bolaplex formulations showed a transfection efficiency comparable to the best commercial transfection agents. Thus, the present work introduces a new class of efficient transfection agents based on unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles
Genin, Sarah. "Développement de vecteurs herpétiques pour la thérapie génique et l'oncolyse virale des tumeurs cérébrales." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10120.
Full textRonfort, Corinne. "Etude des structures rétrovirales endogènes dans des cellules de poules et d'un exemple d'interaction avec des vecteurs rétroviraux dérivés des ASLV (Avian Sarcoma Leukemia Viruses)." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10214.
Full textDechaux, Elsa. "Vectorologie non virale de l'ADN : ciblage par des oligosides." Paris 5, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA05P607.
Full textInflammatory and metastatic processes take place through the initial interction between endothelial E-selectin and its tetrasaccharidic ligand Lewis X (sLeX), present on the outlayer of tumour cells. The complex structure of sLeX, NeuAcα(2,3)Galβ(1,4)(Fucα(1,3)GlcNAc, has led to the development of many mimetics. We envisioned that cationic liposomes grafted with SLeX mimetics could potentialy block the interaction between cancer cells and endothelium, and simultaneously permit tergeted and specific delivery of drugs to tumoral tissus. .
Decourt, Catherine. "Les maladies par dépôts d'immunoglobulines monoclonales : contribution à l'étude de leurs mécanismes moléculaires et analyse mutationnelle dans un modèle expérimental." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0027.
Full textBoutin, Fontaine Marjorie. "Vers la modification et l’assemblage de novo du génome baculoviral en vue de la production de vecteurs AAV." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE013.
Full textThe baculovirus / insect cell system allows AAV vector production for gene therapy purposes. Current baculoviruses used for the production of rAAV vectors are a bottleneck for Scaling up production. Indeed the use of recombination boxes to insert the genes brings instability to the134kb genome. To avoid this, a new gene integration strategy has been implemented. In this work, we have assayed the full assembly of AcMNPV´s genome using the Gibson Assembly technic. PCR fragments covering the totality of genome and able to assemble through overlapping terminal regions have been pre-assembled in 4 segments. The finally assembly should contain the eGFP gene used has gene of interest along with replacement of the Mini-F replicon by polyhedrin gene. This feasibility study has shown that we could obtain segments without any mutation. Final assembly is still on-going. This technology should be applied next for the generation of baculovirus used for the production of rAAV vectors. This marker less combination method should solve problems of genome instability
Fournel-Garcia, Sandrine. "Mise au point et analyse de vecteurs herpétiques de type amplicon destinés au transfert de gène dans les cellules eucaryotes." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10085.
Full textChan, Kwo Chion Chan Ka Ning. "Constitution d'un système de clonage pour une souche de Brevibacterium à applications industrielles." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20246.
Full textRichard, Emmanuel. "Développement de vecteurs lentiviraux : application à la thérapie génique d'un modèle murin de protoporphyrie érythropoi͏̈étique." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21060.
Full textTransplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) could represent an alternative to bone marrow transplantation when a match-HLA graft is not available. In this thesis, we have developed gene transfer vectors based on lentivirus (HIV-1) and tested their ability to deliver a therapeutic gene into HSCs, using a mouse model of erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP). EPP is a genetic disease characterized by a ferrochelatase (FECH) deficiency, leading to the accumulation of toxic protoporphyrin associated with skin photosensibility. We demonstrate an efficient gene transfer into murine HSCs associated with long term skin photosensibility correction related to erythroid specific expression of the FECH gene. Coexpression of FECH and MGMT (methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase) genes allows metabolic correction and in vivo selection of genetically corrected HSCs transplanted without myeloablation after alkylating drug injection, leading to the long-term phenotypic correction of the disease
Dary, Annie. "Études génétiques et moléculaires de streptomyces ambofaciens : 1) construction d'un vecteur de clonage, 2) plasticité génomique et production de spiramycine." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10002.
Full textMaurice, Marielle. "Modification de la glycoprotéine portée par les vecteurs rétroviraux pour favoriser le transfert de gènes dans les cellules quiescentes et le ciblage cellulaire." Lyon 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LYO10274.
Full textAbdou, Souad. "Stratégie antisens d'inhibition de l'expression de gènes viraux (Coronavirus et Cytomegalovirus) : intérêt des cyclodextrines pour la vectorisation d'oligonucléotides." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN12017.
Full textOlayat, Sophie. "Utilisation de vecteurs rétroviraux aviaires pour l'étude de l'implication de gènes dans la resistance des oiseaux aux maladies viro-induites." Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR3309.
Full textLleres, David. "Nouvelles stratégies de vectorisation non virale impliquant des détergents cationiques : Caractérisation physicochimique et devenir intracellulaire des complexes vecteurs/ADN." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13184.
Full textThe success of gene therapy depends on the development of vectors able to efficiency deliver therapeutic gene into target cells. For in vivo applications, the size and the stability of vector/DNA complexes are key determinants for an efficient blood diffusion and intracellular trafficking. Within this framework, new synthetic vectors combining properties of cationic detergents and lipids were synthesized in the laboratory of J. P Behr. In spite of their favourable monomolecular DNA condensing properties, the transfection efficiency of these vectors was limited. In this context, in order to study the structure-activity relationship of these vectors, we have characterized the physicochemical properties of DNA complexed with dimerizable cationic detergents. By fluorescence spectroscopy, we have investigated their ability to condense DNA, the molecular order of the hydrophobic domains, and the stability of these complexes. Indeed, a minimal hydrocarbon tail length is required to stabilize the complexes. Moreover, a tight relationship between the stability of these complexes and their transfection efficiency was established. Based on these results, we have prepared new ternary complexes combining cationic liposomes and cationic detergents to DNA. By this strategy, we have formed small and stable ternary complexes. In the presence of serum, their transfection efficiency was higher than lipoplexes. Confocal microscopy observations suggested that ternary complexes were only marginally destabilized by serum and efficiently internalized into cells by endocytosis. Structural studies by electron microscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy associated with the monitoring of intracellular trafficking revealed that the internal lamellar organization of the complexes was strongly correlated with their colloidal stability and their high transfection efficiency in the presence of serum
Robert-Richard, Elodie. "Transfert de gène dans les cellules souches hématopoïétiques : application à la thérapie génique des porphyries érythropoïétiques." Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21341.
Full textCongenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) is an hematological genetic disease characterized by an uroporphyrinogen III synthase deficiency, leading to an accumulation of toxic porphyrin in hemotopoietic tissues. Transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) could represent an alternative to bone marrow transplantation when a match-HLA graft is not available. In our work, lentiviral vectors were developed to obtain a stable and efficient gene transfer in murine and human HSCs. These vectors allow an erythroid-specific expression of the therapeutic gene leading to a complete enzymatic, metabolic and phenotypic correction of CEP mice. Evaluation of efficiency of gene transfer in human HSCs in an immunodeficient NOD/SCID model is a necessary step before we consider a gene therapy clinical trial for this disease
Du, Perron de Revel Thierry. "Essais de stimulation de l'hématopoïèse par le transfert de gène de l'interleukine-1[alpha] chez le macaque cynomolgus : application à l'aplasie médullaire secondaire à une irradiation accidentelle." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA3021.
Full textPas de résumé en anglais
Ioualalen, Karim. "Etude de l'acylation régiosélective de nanoparticules polysaccharidiques : application à la synthèse des bio vecteurs supramoléculaires (BVSM)." Toulouse, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAT0053.
Full textRueda, Naika. "Development of lentiviral vectors to study the influence of angiogenic molecules on glioma growth." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27128/27128.pdf.
Full textGlioblastomas are highly lethal tumors of the central nervous system characterized by large spread into the surrounding tissues. They modify and migrate along pre-existing blood vessels. This vascular cooption is a process involving the release of angiopoietin-2 (Angpt2) from endothelial cells and binding to the Tie2 receptor. The first goal of this study was to examine the therapeutic potential of two proteins that could interfere with Angpt2, namely Angpt3 and the soluble extracellular domain of Tie2 (sTie2). The second goal was to develop a lentiviral vector capable of delivering such proteins while offering the possibility to identify and destroy the genetically modified cells. To this end, we designed a bicistronic construct expressing the marker enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fused to the suicide gene herpes simplex virus 1-thymidine kinase (HSVtk). GL261 glioma cells transduced with this vector could be tracked and killed on command by the administration of the prodrug ganciclovir, either in vitro or after implantation into mouse brains. High levels of Angpt3 or sTie2 could be achieved with this vector; however, Angpt3 increased capillary destabilization and glioma growth, whereas sTie2 exerted no effect. Overall, this study helps to understand the importance of the Tie2 signaling pathway in glioma development and the role of Angpt3, but suggests that neither this molecule nor sTie2 are effective agents against malignant gliomas. This study also provides a lentiviral vector design for safer gene therapy.
Polard, Patrice. "Etude de l'élément transposable bactérien IS911 : mise en évidence et caractérisation des facteurs nécessaires à sa transposition." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30057.
Full textBossin, Hervé. "Développement de vecteurs d'expresssion stable dérivés du densovirus JcDNV : application à l'expression constitutive de protéines hétérologues en lignées cellulaires de lépidoptères et comme marqueur au cours du développement chez la drosophile." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20207.
Full textDevedjian, Jean-Christophe. "Etude de la régulation de la réceptivité alpha 2-adrénergique dans les cellules épithéliales digestives humaines." Toulouse 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993TOU30249.
Full textLy, Nary. "Caractérisation moléculaire du VIH-1 et premières données de la résistance aux antirétroviraux au Cambodge." Bordeaux 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR21336.
Full textGenetic variability of HIV-1 has multiple implications, especially in regard to antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance. Mutant resistances to ARVs are well characterized for B subtype but new data are needed for non-B subtypes. This research project investigated CRF01_AE in Cambodia. A first study has characterized viral isolates from adult patients naive to ARVs. It showed a large predominance of CRF01_AE (95,5 %), and a low prevalence of drug resistance mutations (DRM), lower than World Health Organization's 5 % threshold. A second study involved pregnant women who received nevirapine single dose prophylaxis for prevention of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. We observed incidence rates of DRM to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors of 18,8 % to 31,3 % according to the sampling time. Cambodian CRF01_AE mutations are generally similar to those observed in A, D and CRF02_AG subtypes. A last study involved adult patients in therapy failure under HAART. The DRM observed were those expected for the B subtype. Other substitutions were also detected in these patients but should be confirmed on larger samples. These data could lead to the partial update of algorithms
Leriche, Françoise. "Recherche d'outils, génétiques utilisables chez la bactérie psycrotrophe MFO, étude de leur comportement aux différentes températures de croissance de la souche et construction d'une fusion traductionnelle par génétique réverse." Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUES040.
Full textRobaglia, Christophe. "Étude du génome du virus Y de la pomme de terre : construction et utilisation de vecteurs d'expression en vue d'obtenir des plantes transgéniques résistantes à ce virus." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112247.
Full textMougenot-Lhériteau, Elsa. "Évaluation de vecteurs associés à l'adénovirus recombinant (AAVr) pour le traitement par thérapie génique de modèles canins de l'amaurose congénitale de Leber : le teckel RPGRIP1 déficient et le briard RPE65 déficient." Nantes, 2010. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=7bc97fdd-81ff-4f9a-b108-c661ca097f92.
Full textLeber congenital amaurosis is an hereditary retinal dystrophy responsible for congenital blindness. The Dachshund dog RPGRIP1-/- and the Briard dog RPE65-/- are two canine models of this pathology. We have characterized the pathology in the dachshund dog RPGRIP1-/-. Then, we have developed a photoreceptor-specific AAV vector and we have evaluated the efficiency of this vector carrying either the human RPGRIP1 gene, or the canine RPGRIP1 gene. Replacement gene therapy with AAV vectors has already showed its efficacy in the Briard dog RPE65-/-. We have investigated the ability of the tetracycline-regulatable system to regulate retinal function in RPE65-/- Briard dogs
Lupoli, Roland. "Recherches sur la caractérisation intraspécifique moléculaire et biologique des pucerons en vue de son application à l'épidémiologie des virus de type non persistant." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20101.
Full textBelmadi, Nawal. "Développement, formulation et biodistribution de vecteurs synthétiques pour le transfert de gènes dans le cadre de la thérapie génique de la mucoviscidose." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0093/document.
Full textCystic fibrosis is a monogenic disease characterized by mutations occurring at the CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator) gene. The clonining in 1989 of the CFTR gene has enabled to consider treating this disease by gene therapy. This consists of transferring a normal version of the CFTR gene in the affected patients’ cells, using a vector. Due to the severity of pulmonary complications, it is obvious that the respiratory epithelium constitutes the target tissue for the gene transfer. The principle of gene therapy is indeed very attractive and a number of clinical trials have already been made. Gene therapy requires vectorization tools that are efficient and compatible with repeated clinical use.My thesis has focused on the development, biodistribution and optimization of synthetic vectors (cationic lipids) for gene transfer in the respiratory epithelium. During my work, we were able to develop useful fluorescent KLN47 lipophosphoramidates for in vivo biodistribution studies. Compared to non fluorescent KLN47, these new compounds exhibit the same physicochemical properties: a relatively small size and a positive zeta potential. On cell lines, we found that the new formulations were as effective as the KLN47, with little or no toxicity. Then, in animal models, the biodistribution profiles of pegylated and non-pegylated lipoplexes were compared after systemic injection. The biodistribution profiles of pegylated and non-pegylated lipoplexes were similar. However, the pegylation of the complex resulted in prolonged circulation in the bloodstream, whereas transgene expression (luciferase) was equivalent in both cases. In addition, luciferase activity was similar to that obtained with the non-fluorescent KLN47. We have demonstrated that the addition of fluorescent lipid probes in the liposomal solution KLN47, does not change its physicochemical and transfectant properties. The overall results show that we have promising tools for in vivo biodistribution studies. Other molecules have also been tested successfully
Bire, Solenne. "Optimisation de la biosécurité du vecteur transposon piggyBac pour le transfert de gène : utilisation des ARN messagers et des insulateurs." Thesis, Tours, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOUR4043.
Full textAdvances in biotechnology have enabled the development of tools for gene transfer applicable to transgenesis, bioproduction and gene therapy. But, 3 major challenges must be met to ensure a secure system: the safety and effectiveness of the transfer. the targeted and controlled integration into the genome. and the level of transgene expression over time. In this aim, my thesis project was to validate solutions to improve the biosafety of the piggyBac transposon, which requires a plasmid carrying the gene of interest to be inserted in the genome, and a source of transposase which catalyzes the transgene integration. One approach of my thesis work is to deliver the source of piggyBac transposase as an mRNA molecule instead of DNA. This strategy aims to improve the stability of the integration and reduce the genotoxic effects by limiting the transposase in the cells. For the 1st time, the bioavailability of the transposase rnRNA and the optimal conditions for its use in human cells were determined to increase the biosafety of the transposon system. The 2nd objective ofmy project is to improve the expression of the transgene by adding insulators known to counteract the transgene silencing. This strategy reduces the number of integrations required ta get a sufficient expression of the transgene and thus, improve biosecurity. Two candidates have been identified to improve transgene expression. The combination of the mRNA and insulator strategies is promising to secure the piggyBac-mediated gene transfer and to maintain the expression of the gene of interest
Meziadi, Chouaïb. "Caractérisation génétique et génomique de l'interaction Phaseolus vulgaris/Bean pod mottle virus." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS494.
Full textPlant-virus interactions differ from other plant-pathogen interactions because viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. More specifically, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)-Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV) interaction was studied by focusing both on the plant resistance and on the virus virulence in order to highlight and identify factors involved in the molecular dialog between plant and virus. These two partners interact according to the “gene-for-gene” model described by Flor. 1) On the plant side, we identified a dominant resistance gene against BPMV in cv. BAT93, the R-BPMV gene. This gene is located at one end of chromosome Pv02 in the I locus region, a multi-parasitic resistance locus involved in resistance to different viruses, bacteria and fungi. Fine mapping of R-BPMV followed by sequencing of the region from a BACs contig in BAT93 allowed us to identify sequences encoding NB-LRR proteins that could correspond to R-BPMV. Microsynteny and phylogeny studies were performed to understand the evolution of genes present in this region. When resistance phenotype was studied at the cellular level, we found that R-BPMV blocks BPMV cell-to-cell movement and that resistance phenotype is temperature-dependent. 2) On the virus side, cloning of all BPMV ORFs in association with agroinfiltration assays in P. vulgaris and Nicotiana benthamiana allowed us to identify two important factors involved in plant-virus molecular dialog: the BPMV VPg acting as an avirulence factor in interaction with the product of R-BPMV in the “gene-for-gene” model, and the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase that corresponds to a weak RNA silencing suppressor. 3) To date, stable genetic transformation is not routinely feasible in legumes. One objective of this thesis was to develop news tools for functional validation studies for genes of agronomic interest, including disease resistance genes. The VIGS approach based on the viral BPMV vector, first used in soybean, was adapted to common bean and pea (Pisum sativum), a legume species of high economic importance in Europe
Gonzalez, Gaëlle. "Transfert du CFTR par vecteurs de gènes dérivés des adénovirus ou par trogocytose de microparticules membranaires : mécanismes moléculaires et applications à la mucoviscidose." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00819319.
Full textDe, Dreuzy Edouard. "Ciblage chromosomique des vecteurs lentiviraux, risque génotoxique, dominance clonale et expansion des cellules souches hématopoïétiques." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC009.
Full textGene therapy based on the transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells is an experimental medical approach for patients with genetic blood diseases when compatible allogeneic donors are not available. The first clinical successes were based on the use of y¬retroviral vectors, but vector insertions close to oncogenes have led to the development of neoplasms at a high frequency. Lentiviral vectors have been tested in human clinical trials for nearly ten years. In addition to better transduction efficiency in hematopoietic stem cells, their integration, guided by the cellular LEDGF protein, is less genotoxic than that of y-retroviral vectors. Nevertheless, in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the existence of residual genotoxic potential. In the first lentiviral clinical trial for P-thalassemia, one patient had anintegration site within the HMGA2 gene, leading to overexpression of a truncated form of the protein and to clonai dominance restricted to the myeloid compartment. In order to clarify the cellular mechanisms affected by HMGA2, we have undertaken in vivo mouse studies. Our results indicate that HMGA2 induces a benign expansion of hematopoietic stem cells as well as of self-renewing central memory T cells. In order to reduce the risk associated with lentiviral vector integration, we have developed chimeric proteins, targeted to safe genomic harbors, which were able to substitute for the cellular LEDGF tethering protein. We also developed a gene transfer protocol allowing the translation of these results to hematopoietic stem cells
Delaunay, Anne-Marie. "5-aminolevulinate deshydratase : clonage et expression du gène de rhodobacter sphaeroïdes." Rouen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUE5009.
Full textLlanes, Catherine. "Plasmides de resistance de serratia marcescens : typage de replicons, clonage et sequencage du replicon repa/c." Besançon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BESA3709.
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