Journal articles: 'Vegetable dielectric fluid'

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Singaravel, Balasubramaniyan, K. Chandra Shekar, G. Gowtham Reddy, and S. Deva Prasad. "Performance Analysis of Vegetable Oil as Dielectric Fluid in Electric Discharge Machining Process of Inconel 800." Materials Science Forum 978 (February 2020): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.978.77.

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Electric discharge machining (EDM) is a spark erosion process widely used to machine difficult-to-cut material by conventional machining method. The major elements of EDM process are work piece, electrode and dielectric fluid. In this work, an attempt is made to investigate vegetable oil as dielectric fluid and their process performance for machining of Inconel 800 in EDM process. The effects of dielectric fluids are investigated with vegetable oils and conventional dielectric fluid namely Sunflower oil and Kerosene respectively. The important input variables considered in this study are pulse on/off time, current and voltage. Three levels of energy setting are employed for machining with selected dielectric fluids. The output parameters are considered tool wear rate (TWR), material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR). In the present study effect of vegetable oil as dielectric fluid and the results are compared with conventional dielectric fluid. The result revealed that vegetable oils are successfully employed as dielectric fluids and they are having similar dielectric properties and erosion mechanism compared to conventional dielectric fluid. This proposed vegetable oil based dielectric fluids showed higher MRR than conventional dielectric. It shows vegetable oils have similar dielectric properties compared with conventional dielectric and it is possible to replace as dielectric fluid in EDM process.

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Reddy, G. Gowtham, Balasubramaniyan Singaravel, and K. Chandra Shekar. "Experimental Investigation of Sunflower Oil as Dielectric Fluid in Die Sinking Electric Discharge Machining Process." Materials Science Forum 969 (August 2019): 715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.969.715.

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Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) is used to machine complex geometries of difficult to cut materials in the area of making dies, mould and tools. Currently, hydrocarbon based dielectric fluids are used in EDM and which plays major role for material removal and it emits harmful emission. In this work, vegetable oil is attempted as dielectric fluid and their performance are studied during processing of AISI P20 steel. The effect of pulse on time (Pon) , pulse off time (Poff), and current (A) on Material Removal Rate (MRR), Tool wear rate (TWR) and surface roughness (SR) are analyzed. The result showed that vegetable oils are given good machining performance than conventional dielectric fluids. These proposed dielectric fluids are biodegradable eco friendly and enhance sustainability in EDM process.

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Abdelmalik, A. "Charge Dynamics in Vegetable Oil-Based Ester Dielectric Fluid." British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 4, no. 2 (January 10, 2014): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2014/3627.

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Radu, Maria-Crina, Raluca Tampu, Valentin Nedeff, Oana-Irina Patriciu, Carol Schnakovszky, and Eugen Herghelegiu. "Experimental Investigation of Stability of Vegetable Oils Used as Dielectric Fluids for Electrical Discharge Machining." Processes 8, no. 9 (September 18, 2020): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8091187.

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One main drawback of electrical discharge machining (EDM) is related to the dielectric fluid, since it impacts both the environment and operator health and safety. To resolve these issues, recent research has demonstrated the technical feasibility and qualitative performance of vegetable oils as substitutes for hydrocarbon-based dielectric and synthetic oils in EDM. However, due to the higher content of unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable oils lose their stability, due to several factors such as heating or exposure to light or oxygen. The present study is a first attempt to analyze the extent to which the physic-chemical properties of vegetable oils change during EDM processing. Refractive index, dynamic viscosity and spectra analyses were conducted for sunflower and soybean oils. The results revealed that, under the applied processing conditions, no structural changes occurred. These findings are very promising from the perspective of EDM sustainability.

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Singaravel, B., K. Chandra Shekar, G. Gowtham Reddy, and S. Deva Prasad. "Experimental investigation of vegetable oil as dielectric fluid in Electric discharge machining of Ti-6Al-4V." Ain Shams Engineering Journal 11, no. 1 (March 2020): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2019.07.010.

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Valaki, Janak B., and Pravin P. Rathod. "Assessment of operational feasibility of waste vegetable oil based bio-dielectric fluid for sustainable electric discharge machining (EDM)." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 87, no. 5-8 (May 9, 2015): 1509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-015-7169-0.

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Ab Ghani, Siti Soleha, and Nor Asiah Muhamad. "Review on Dissolved Fault Gases in Monitoring Bio-Oil Filled Transformer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 818 (January 2016): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.818.69.

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The combination of solid insulation (usually cellulose paper) and liquid insulation (usually mineral oil) yield good dielectric properties at fair cost. However, arising concerns on environmental effect of mineral oil when leakage and its risk of fire has force researches for alternative fluids. One of the suitable options for replacement of mineral oil is biodegradable oil that is plant-based, high biodegradability, non-toxicity and high fire point. Some refining and modification to crude vegetable oils resulting to suitable transformer dielectric fluid such as BIOTEMP®, ENVIROTEMP® FR3 and PFAE (palm fatty acid ester). Application of these oils in small scale distribution transformers give positive feedback so far, hence, led to development of biodegradable oil-based large power transformer. Monitoring of the oil for power transformer is important to ensure its reliability and avoid unnecessary cost of failure. Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is one of the methods for oil monitoring of transformer. This method analyzes oil condition to detect incipient faults so that relevant actions can be made before actual failures occur. This paper will review the hydrocarbon gases or known as faults gases for monitoring and faults diagnosis for mineral and biodegradable oil-filled transformer. Past works about DGA on biodegradable oil such as sunflower, soybean, and corn oil are analyzed. Any different on gases production of oil through different tests will be discuss further in this paper.

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Da Silva, Jadiel Caparrós. "Analysis of the application of Insulating Vegetable Oil in electric power distribution transformers." Academic Journal on Computing, Engineering and Applied Mathematics 1, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2675-3588.2020.v1n3.p1-10.

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Distribution transformers are present in large quantities in the electrical system, in addition to being essential equipment for delivering quality and reliable energy to consumers. This distribution transformers have a dielectric insulation and refrigeration system, with Insulating Mineral Oil (IMO) being the most used. However, the large-scale use of IMO entails a very high environmental risk, because in addition to its fossil origin (petroleum), it also has low biodegradability and is highly toxic and polluting to the environment. In view of this, substitution alternatives for the IMO began to be sought, where, over the years and with technological advances, Insulating Vegetable Oil (IVO) with characteristics similar to the IMO emerged, in addition to being highly biodegradable and providing an alternative sustainable development for the construction of transformers. Thus, the objective of this work is to carry out an analytical study about the characteristics and benefits of using the vegetable fluid for the equipment and for the environment, in addition to comparing the efficiency and cost parameters of IVO and IMO according to current standards. As a contribution, this paper seeks to provide a broad theoretical foundation on IVO and IMO in order to provide conceptualization to agroenergy researchers.

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Armghan, Ammar. "Complementary Metaresonator Sensor with Dual Notch Resonance for Evaluation of Vegetable Oils in C and X Bands." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 21, 2021): 5734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125734.

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This paper investigates the effect of complementary metaresonator for evaluation of vegetable oils in C and X bands. Tremendously increasing technology demands the exploration of complementary metaresonators for high performance in the related bands. This research probes the complementary mirror-symmetric S resonator (CMSSR) that can operate in two bands with compact size and high sensitivity features. The prime motivation behind the proposed technique is to utilize the dual notch resonance to estimate the dielectric constant of the oil under test (OUT). The proposed sensor is designed on a compact 30×25 mm2 and 1.6 mm thick FR-4 substrate. A 50 Ω microstrip transmission line is printed on one side, while a unit cell of CMSSR is etched on the other side of the substrate to achieve dual notch resonance. A Teflon container is attached to CMSSR in the ground plane to act as a pool for the OUT. According to the simulated transmission spectrum, the proposed design manifested dual notch resonance precisely at 7.21 GHz (C band) and 8.97 GHz (X band). A prototype of complementary metaresonator sensor is fabricated and tested using CEYEAR AV3672D vector network analyzer. The comparison of measured and simulated data shows that the difference between the first resonance frequency is 0.01 GHz and the second is 0.04 GHz. Furthermore, a mathematical model is developed for the complementary metaresonator sensor to evaluate dielectric constant of the OUT in terms of the relevant, resonant frequency.

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Bin Yahya, Muhammad, and Fatin Amirah Binti Amirrazli. "Study of Breakdown Voltage of Vegetables oil with SiO2 Nanoparticle Additive." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp296-302.

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This paper investigates the suitability of vegetable oils to replace mineral oil based on its AC breakdown voltage, partial discharge and viscosity. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of the nanofluids containing SiO2 nanoparticle in vegetables oils; namely, Coconut oil and Palm oil. A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanoparticles. However, the precise effects on the electrical properties is still uncertain. For decades, transformers use petroleum-based mineral oil because of its good dielectric properties and cooling capability. Coconut oil (CO) and Palm oil (PO) are thought to be suitable alternatives to replace mineral oil as transformer oil as they are sustainable and available in plenty as natural resources. It was obtained in this study that the breakdown voltages of these raw oils have fulfilled the standard specifications of good insulating liquid. However, the addition of SiO2 did not improve the AC breakdown voltage and viscosity of coconut oil and palm oil at different temperatures. However, the addition of SiO2 gave positive results in the values of partial discharges in which the presence of the nanoparticles has greatly reduced the mean volume of partial discharges for both coconut oil and palm oil.

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11

Silva-Ortega, Jorge Iván, Jhon Zapata-Rivera, Jhon Edwin Candelo-Becerra, Nivaldo Rosales-Hernández, Samir Francisco Umaña-Ibáñez, Mario Andrés Mejia-Taboada, Alan Rafael Palacio-Bonill, and Melissa Torregrosa Rosas. "Power distribution transformers using natural ester fluids as dielectric and coolant." INGE CUC 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/ingecuc.12.2.2016.08.

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12

Prasad, D., and S. Chandrasekar. "EFFECT OF NANO-SiO2 PARTICLES ON PARTIAL DISCHARGE SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FR3 TRANSFORMER OIL." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 13 (February 7, 2017): 6208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v13i0.5687.

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Liquid insulation for high voltage transformer applications based on natural esters derived from abundantly available vegetable oils are becoming popular in recent times. Since these natural ester based oils have environmental advantages and superior thermal performance, electrical utilities are slowly replacing the conventional mineral oils with natural ester based vegetable oils. FR3 oil, which is a soya based natural ester oil with superior dielectric and thermal characteristics, is becoming popular as an alternate insulating medium for high voltage transformers. With recent developments in nanotechnology field, it is possible to enhance the dielectric performance characteristics of natural ester based oils, which is a major constraint for high voltage transformer applications. However few research reports are only available in the area of nanofluids based on natural esters for high voltage insulation applications. In depth analysis and collection of large data base of insulation performance of natural ester based vegetable oils is important to improve the confidence level over nano-fluids based on natural esters. Considering these facts, in the present work, partial discharge characteristics of nano-SiO2 modified FR3 oil at different electrode configurations are investigated at different %wt filler concentrations. Important parameters such as partial discharge inception voltage, stable PD formation voltage, partial discharge amplitude at different voltage magnitude and PD signal frequency characteristics are evaluated. From the results, it is observed that the partial discharge performance of FR3 oil is significantly improved with the addition of nano-SiO2 filler. Since in recent times FR3 oil is commercially used in many transformers, these results will be useful for enhancing the dielectric strength of high voltage transformers.

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A. I., Hashem,, El-Deek, M. A. K, El Debeiky, S. M, Tahoun, F. I, and Abd El-Gawad, Naglaa, A. "STUDIES ON THE USE OF VEGETABLE BASED POLYESTERS AS DIELECTRIC INSULATING FLUIDS IN ELECTRIC EQUIPMENTS." Journal of Environmental Science 33, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jes.2016.25108.

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14

Olmo, Cristian, Cristina Méndez, Félix Ortiz, Fernando Delgado, and Alfredo Ortiz. "Titania Nanofluids Based on Natural Ester: Cooling and Insulation Properties Assessment." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040603.

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The assessment of a TiO2 vegetal-based dielectric nanofluid has been carried out, and its characteristics and behavior have been tested and compared with a previously tested maghemite nanofluid. The results obtained reflect a similar affectation of the main properties, with a maximal improvement of the breakdown voltage of 33% at 0.5 kg/m3, keeping the thermal conductivity and the viscosity almost constant, especially the first one. This thermal characterization agrees with the results obtained when applying the TiO2 optimal nanofluid in the cooling of an experimental setup, with a slightly worse performance than the base fluid. Nevertheless, this performance is the opposite to that noticed with the ferrofluid, which was capable of improving the cooling of the transformer and decreasing its temperature. The similarities between the characterizations of both nanofluids, the differences in their cooling performances and their different magnetic natures seem to point out the presence of additional thermomagnetic buoyancy forces to support the improvement of the cooling.

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Módenes, Aparecido Nivaldo, Karina Sanderson, Daniela Estelita Goes Trigueros, Adilson Ricken Schuelter, Fernando Rodolfo Espinoza-Quiñones, Camila Vargas Neves, Luiz Antônio Zanão Junior, and Alexander Dimitrov Kroumov. "Insights on the criteria of selection of vegetable and mineral dielectric fluids used in power transformers on the basis of their biodegradability and toxicity assessments." Chemosphere 199 (May 2018): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.033.

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Cheng, Yan, Fumin Xue, Shuai Yu, Shichao Du, and Yu Yang. "Subcritical Water Extraction of Natural Products." Molecules 26, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26134004.

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Subcritical water refers to high-temperature and high-pressure water. A unique and useful characteristic of subcritical water is that its polarity can be dramatically decreased with increasing temperature. Therefore, subcritical water can behave similar to methanol or ethanol. This makes subcritical water a green extraction fluid used for a variety of organic species. This review focuses on the subcritical water extraction (SBWE) of natural products. The extracted materials include medicinal and seasoning herbs, vegetables, fruits, food by-products, algae, shrubs, tea leaves, grains, and seeds. A wide range of natural products such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, essential oil, flavonoids, glycosides, lignans, organic acids, polyphenolics, quinones, steroids, and terpenes have been extracted using subcritical water. Various SBWE systems and their advantages and drawbacks have also been discussed in this review. In addition, we have reviewed co-solvents including ethanol, methanol, salts, and ionic liquids used to assist SBWE. Other extraction techniques such as microwave and sonication combined with SBWE are also covered in this review. It is very clear that temperature has the most significant effect on SBWE efficiency, and thus, it can be optimized. The optimal temperature ranges from 130 to 240 °C for extracting the natural products mentioned above. This review can help readers learn more about the SBWE technology, especially for readers with an interest in the field of green extraction of natural products. The major advantage of SBWE of natural products is that water is nontoxic, and therefore, it is more suitable for the extraction of herbs, vegetables, and fruits. Another advantage is that no liquid waste disposal is required after SBWE. Compared with organic solvents, subcritical water not only has advantages in ecology, economy, and safety, but also its density, ion product, and dielectric constant can be adjusted by temperature. These tunable properties allow subcritical water to carry out class selective extractions such as extracting polar compounds at lower temperatures and less polar ingredients at higher temperatures. SBWE can mimic the traditional herbal decoction for preparing herbal medication and with higher extraction efficiency. Since SBWE employs high-temperature and high-pressure, great caution is needed for safe operation. Another challenge for application of SBWE is potential organic degradation under high temperature conditions. We highly recommend conducting analyte stability checks when carrying out SBWE. For analytes with poor SBWE efficiency, a small number of organic modifiers such as ethanol, surfactants, or ionic liquids may be added.

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Yadav, Avinash, Yashvir Singh, Satyendra Singh, and Prateek Negi. "Sustainability of vegetable oil based bio-diesel as dielectric fluid during EDM process – A review." Materials Today: Proceedings, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.01.967.

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"Optimization of Various Natural Ester Oils Impregnated Nomex Paper Performance in Power Transformer Applications under Different Ageing Conditions." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 6245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.c5832.098319.

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Vegetable oils are being considered as the potential replacements to mineral oils because of their better natural execution and for their high fire point. In spite of the fact that these fluids have been utilized as a part of appropriation transformers, it is as yet a huge advance to receive vegetable oils in control transformer because of high cost and abnormal state of well being and unwavering quality required in benefit for these units. Vegetable oils such as honge oil (HO), neem oil (NO), mustard oil (MO), punna oil (PO) and castor oil (CO) offer the reasonable option for mineral oil. It is expected that the greater part of the un-matured oil could fulfil the base necessity of dielectric protection fluids in the transformer. This paper concentrated on the impact of maturing on the electrical and physicochemical properties of HO, NO, MO, PO and CO. Fixed maturing tests have been set at 90°C for 30 days, 60 days and 90 days. Prior to the maturing procedure, the examples were dried in a vacuum broiler under the pressure of 0.8kPa at 85°C for 48 hours keeping in mind the end goal to evacuate the dampness content in the oils. At that point, the oils were impregnated with the Nomex paper and keep on ageing for choosing the span time. The electrical properties (relative permittivity, dielectric misfortunes, resistivity and breakdown quality), mechanical properties (thickness and elasticity) and substance properties (dampness and corrosiveness) of the oils were estimated all through the maturing time frames. It can be reasoned that the research center quickened warm maturing test uncovers that every single vegetable oil in this examination are safe towards oxidation in light of the steady thickness and low corrosiveness estimations of vegetable oils all through the maturing term even with the nearness of oxygen. The AC breakdown voltages of vegetable oils can in any case conform to the prescribed furthest reaches of new Vegetable oil set by ASTM 6781 even after subjected to maturing. From the results, it may be concluded that the proposed vegetable oils can be used as the alternatives for mineral oil.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Vegetable dielectric fluid'

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