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Journal articles on the topic 'Vegetable insulating fluid'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Lingvay, Iosif, Ion Patru, Livia Carmen Ungureanu, Valerica Stanoi, and Adriana Mariana Bors. "Electro-insulating Paper Degradation in Various Electro-insulating Fluids." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.1.6050.

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The durability and safe operation of electrical equipment and devices with mixed insulation systems (solid/fluid - electro-insulating paper/oil) is determined by the insulation aging under simultaneous and synergic actions of electrical, thermal and chemical stress factors etc. In this context, degradations of insulating paper exposed to thermal aging in 5 different types of electro-insulating fluid have been studied experimentally. Liquid chromatography determinations have shown that the total content in furan products (resulting from cellulose degradation) in mineral oils is substantially higher than in electro-insulating fluid sorts based on of synthetic ester and/or natural ester (vegetable oil). This is due to the temperature between 90 oC and 130 oC when the activation energy of the furans formation process is up to 7.5 times lower in mineral oils than in ester-based oils. Degree determinations of cellulose polymerization (viscosimetric method) before and after exposure to heat treatment indicated that mineral oils degrade the electro-insulating paper much more strongly than ester-based oils (both synthetic and natural). Obtained results by liquid chromatography and by viscosity are in accordance with the images obtained by optical microscopy (at X 100).
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2

Lingvay, Iosif, Adriana Mariana Bors, Livia Carmen Ungureanu, Valerica Stanoi, and Traian Rus. "Studies on the Behavior Some Paints in Electro-insulating Fluid Based on Vegetable Esters." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 5 (June 15, 2018): 1139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.5.6276.

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For the purpose of using three different types of painting materials for the inner protection of the transformer vats, their behavior was studied under actual conditions of operation in the transformer (thermal stress in electro-insulating fluid based on the natural ester in contact with copper for electro-technical use and electro-insulating paper). By comparing determination of the content in furans products (HPLC technique) and gases formed (by gas-chromatography) in the electro-insulating fluid (natural ester with high oleic content) thermally aged at 130 �C to 1000 hours in closed glass vessels, it have been found that the presence the investigated painting materials lead to a change in the mechanism and kinetics of the thermo-oxidation processes. These changes are supported by oxygen dissolved in oil, what leads to decrease both to gases formation CO2, CO, H2, CH4, C2H4 and C2H6) and furans products (5-HMF, 2-FOL, 2 -FAL and 2-ACF). The painting materials investigated during the heat treatment applied did not suffer any remarkable structural changes affecting their functionality in the electro-insulating fluid based on vegetable esters.
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3

Da Silva, Jadiel Caparrós. "Analysis of the application of Insulating Vegetable Oil in electric power distribution transformers." Academic Journal on Computing, Engineering and Applied Mathematics 1, no. 3 (September 17, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2675-3588.2020.v1n3.p1-10.

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Distribution transformers are present in large quantities in the electrical system, in addition to being essential equipment for delivering quality and reliable energy to consumers. This distribution transformers have a dielectric insulation and refrigeration system, with Insulating Mineral Oil (IMO) being the most used. However, the large-scale use of IMO entails a very high environmental risk, because in addition to its fossil origin (petroleum), it also has low biodegradability and is highly toxic and polluting to the environment. In view of this, substitution alternatives for the IMO began to be sought, where, over the years and with technological advances, Insulating Vegetable Oil (IVO) with characteristics similar to the IMO emerged, in addition to being highly biodegradable and providing an alternative sustainable development for the construction of transformers. Thus, the objective of this work is to carry out an analytical study about the characteristics and benefits of using the vegetable fluid for the equipment and for the environment, in addition to comparing the efficiency and cost parameters of IVO and IMO according to current standards. As a contribution, this paper seeks to provide a broad theoretical foundation on IVO and IMO in order to provide conceptualization to agroenergy researchers.
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4

Hiramatsu, Yushi, Kosuke Kamidani, Yuichi Murakami, and Yuji Muramoto. "Effect of Temperature on AC Breakdown Properties of Vegetable-Oil-Based Insulating Fluid." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 138, no. 7 (July 1, 2018): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.138.380.

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5

Hiramatsu, Yushi, Yuichi Murakami, and Yuji Muramoto. "AC Breakdown Properties of Vegetable-Oil-Based Insulating Fluid Containing NaCl (Aqueous Solution and Particles)." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 141, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.141.428.

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6

Hiramatsu, Yushi, Yuichi Murakami, and Yuji Muramoto. "Effect of Water on AC Breakdown Properties of Mineral Oil and Vegetable-oil-based Insulating Fluid." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 140, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.140.149.

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7

Bin Yahya, Muhammad, and Fatin Amirah Binti Amirrazli. "Study of Breakdown Voltage of Vegetables oil with SiO2 Nanoparticle Additive." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 12, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v12.i1.pp296-302.

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<p>This paper investigates the suitability of vegetable oils to replace mineral oil based on its AC breakdown voltage, partial discharge and viscosity. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of the nanofluids containing SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticle in vegetables oils; namely, Coconut oil and Palm oil. A nanofluid is a fluid containing nanoparticles. However, the precise effects on the electrical properties is still uncertain. For decades, transformers use petroleum-based mineral oil because of its good dielectric properties and cooling capability. Coconut oil (CO) and Palm oil (PO) are thought to be suitable alternatives to replace mineral oil as transformer oil as they are sustainable and available in plenty as natural resources. It was obtained in this study that the breakdown voltages of these raw oils have fulfilled the standard specifications of good insulating liquid. However, the addition of SiO<sub>2</sub> did not improve the AC breakdown voltage and viscosity of coconut oil and palm oil at different temperatures. However, the addition of SiO<sub>2</sub> gave positive results in the values of partial discharges in which the presence of the nanoparticles has greatly reduced the mean volume of partial discharges for both coconut oil and palm oil.</p>
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8

Badagliacco, Dionisio, Carmelo Sanfilippo, Bartolomeo Megna, Tommaso La Mantia, and Antonino Valenza. "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Insulating Sustainable Mortars with Ampelodesmos mauritanicus and Pennisetum setaceum Plants as Aggregates." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (June 25, 2021): 5910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11135910.

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The use of natural fibers in cement composites is a widening research field as their application can enhance the mechanical and thermal behavior of cement mortars and limit their carbon footprint. In this paper, two different wild grasses, i.e., Ampelodesmos mauritanicus, also called diss, and Pennisetum setaceum, also known as crimson fountaingrass, are used as a source of natural aggregates for cement mortars. The main purpose is to assess the possibility of using the more invasive crimson fountaingrass in place of diss in cement-based vegetable concrete. The two plant fibers have been characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), helium picnometry and thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of fiber panels has been measured. Mortars samples have been prepared using untreated, boiled and Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG) treated fibers. The mechanical characterization has been performed by means of three point bending and compression tests. Thermal conductivity and porosity have been measured to characterize physical modification induced by fibers’ treatments. The results showed better thermal and mechanical properties of diss fiber composites than fountaingrass one and that fiber treatments lead to a reduction of the thermal insulation properties.
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9

Lingvay, Iosif, Gabriela Oprina, Valerica Stanoi, Alexandra Pica, Livia Carmen Ungureanu, and Florentina Serban. "Studies on the Influence of Copper and Insulation Paper on the Accelerated Thermal Ageing of Some Insulating Fluids." Revista de Chimie 68, no. 11 (December 15, 2017): 2551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.17.11.5926.

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The behaviour of some insulating fluids in contact with copper foil and / or insulation paper under thermal stress (110�30C for 1000 hours), in a closed system (the access of atmospheric oxygen being limited), has been studied by determining the changes in viscosity and concentration of CO2 and CO. The experimental data revealed that, following the applied heat treatment, the change in viscosity of the esters-based insulating fluids (both synthetic and vegetable) is approximately 7 times lower than in the case of the investigated mineral oils. It has also been found that, following the thermal ageing, the gas content of the mineral oils is substantially higher than in the esters-based oils (8 times higher for CO2 and 4 times higher for CO, respectively). The experimental results indicate superior values for the thermal stability and compatibility with the insulation paper of ester-based insulating fluids.
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10

Chairul, Imran Sutan, Sharin Ab Ghani, Nur Hakimah Ab Aziz, Mohd Shahril Ahmad Khiar, Muhammad Syahrani Johal, and Mohd Aizzat Azmi. "Effect of electrical discharge on the properties of natural esters insulating fluids." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2021): 1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v23.i3.pp1281-1288.

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<p>Vegetable oils have been an alternative to mineral oil for oil-immersed transformers due to concern on less flammable, environmental-friendly, biodegradable, and sustainable resources of petroleum-based insulating oil. This paper presents the effect of electrical discharges (200 up to 1000 discharges) under 50 Hz inhomogeneous electric field on the properties (acidity, water content, and breakdown voltage) of two varieties of vegetable based insulating oils; i) natural ester (NE) and ii) low viscosity insulating fluids derived from a natural ester (NE<sub>LV</sub>). Results show the water content, acidity and breakdown voltage of NE fluctuate due to applied discharges, while NE<sub>LV</sub> display insignificant changes. Hence, results indicate that the low viscosity insulating fluids derived from natural ester tend to maintain their properties compared to natural ester.</p>
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11

Prasad, D., and S. Chandrasekar. "EFFECT OF NANO-SiO2 PARTICLES ON PARTIAL DISCHARGE SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FR3 TRANSFORMER OIL." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 13 (February 7, 2017): 6208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v13i0.5687.

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Liquid insulation for high voltage transformer applications based on natural esters derived from abundantly available vegetable oils are becoming popular in recent times. Since these natural ester based oils have environmental advantages and superior thermal performance, electrical utilities are slowly replacing the conventional mineral oils with natural ester based vegetable oils. FR3 oil, which is a soya based natural ester oil with superior dielectric and thermal characteristics, is becoming popular as an alternate insulating medium for high voltage transformers. With recent developments in nanotechnology field, it is possible to enhance the dielectric performance characteristics of natural ester based oils, which is a major constraint for high voltage transformer applications. However few research reports are only available in the area of nanofluids based on natural esters for high voltage insulation applications. In depth analysis and collection of large data base of insulation performance of natural ester based vegetable oils is important to improve the confidence level over nano-fluids based on natural esters. Considering these facts, in the present work, partial discharge characteristics of nano-SiO2 modified FR3 oil at different electrode configurations are investigated at different %wt filler concentrations. Important parameters such as partial discharge inception voltage, stable PD formation voltage, partial discharge amplitude at different voltage magnitude and PD signal frequency characteristics are evaluated. From the results, it is observed that the partial discharge performance of FR3 oil is significantly improved with the addition of nano-SiO2 filler. Since in recent times FR3 oil is commercially used in many transformers, these results will be useful for enhancing the dielectric strength of high voltage transformers.
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12

Danikas, M., and R. Sarathi. "Alternative Fluids – with a Particular Emphasis on Vegetable Oils – as Replacements of Transformer Oil: A Concise Review." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 10, no. 6 (December 20, 2020): 6570–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.3943.

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For many decades transformer oil has served as a well-known insulating medium. Its electrical properties, among others, have been studied in length. In recent years, with the increasing concern for the environment, alternative insulating liquids have been proposed. In the context of this concise review, such alternative fluids are investigated. Some conflicting evidence regarding experimental results that still persist are discussed and aspects of vegetable oils in need of further work are pointed out.
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13

Cucos, Andrei, Petru Budrugeac, Iosif Lingvay, Adriana Mariana Bors, and Andreea Voina. "Comparative TG/DTG/DTA+FTIR Studies Concerning the Stability of Some Mineral and Vegetable Electro-Insulating Fluids." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 9 (October 15, 2018): 2366–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.9.6535.

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Thermal TG/DTG/DTA analysis coupled with FTIR spectroscopy was applied to some sorts of mineral and vegetable oils used in electrical equipment. On heating in inert atmosphere, it was observed that the mineral oils vaporize, while the vegetable oils undergo hydrolysis, yielding fatty acids as main volatiles, as indicated by FTIR. In synthetic air, the FTIR spectra of gaseous products confirm the presence of similar oxidation products, both for mineral and vegetable oils. The TG results indicated that the vegetable-based oils exhibit a substantially higher thermal stability than the mineral oils. The presence or absence of anti-oxidant inhibitors in these oils greatly influences the onset of the oxidation process in air environment factor, as results from the DTA results.
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14

Rus, Traian, Alina Ruxana Caramitu, Livia Carmen Ungureanu, Virgil Marinescu, Adriana Mariana Bors, and Danut Ionel Vaireanu. "Ageing of Some Painting Materials Subjected to Thermal Treatment in Natural Esters." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.1.4957.

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This paper describes the evaluation of the aging process of some polymeric painting materials subjected to a thermal treatment in electro insulating fluids, based on natural esters (vegetable oils). The paint layers surface morphology was comparatively characterized by FESEM technique, prior to the exposure, and after 1000 h of exposure to vegetable oil, heated at 130oC. The results show a substantial increase in the pulling resistances for all the painting materials subjected to this investigation, especially in the presence of the Kraft insulating paper and copper foil (inserted compulsory to emulate the actual working environment), due to an increase in the painting material adhesion, as well as an increase of the tensile strength of the paint layer. These findings may open new theoretical and practical research prospects, particularly in the field of preliminary treatments for materials used for heavy duty industrial transformers.
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15

A. I., Hashem,, El-Deek, M. A. K, El Debeiky, S. M, Tahoun, F. I, and Abd El-Gawad, Naglaa, A. "STUDIES ON THE USE OF VEGETABLE BASED POLYESTERS AS DIELECTRIC INSULATING FLUIDS IN ELECTRIC EQUIPMENTS." Journal of Environmental Science 33, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/jes.2016.25108.

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16

Ab Ghani, Siti Soleha, and Nor Asiah Muhamad. "Review on Dissolved Fault Gases in Monitoring Bio-Oil Filled Transformer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 818 (January 2016): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.818.69.

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The combination of solid insulation (usually cellulose paper) and liquid insulation (usually mineral oil) yield good dielectric properties at fair cost. However, arising concerns on environmental effect of mineral oil when leakage and its risk of fire has force researches for alternative fluids. One of the suitable options for replacement of mineral oil is biodegradable oil that is plant-based, high biodegradability, non-toxicity and high fire point. Some refining and modification to crude vegetable oils resulting to suitable transformer dielectric fluid such as BIOTEMP®, ENVIROTEMP® FR3 and PFAE (palm fatty acid ester). Application of these oils in small scale distribution transformers give positive feedback so far, hence, led to development of biodegradable oil-based large power transformer. Monitoring of the oil for power transformer is important to ensure its reliability and avoid unnecessary cost of failure. Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is one of the methods for oil monitoring of transformer. This method analyzes oil condition to detect incipient faults so that relevant actions can be made before actual failures occur. This paper will review the hydrocarbon gases or known as faults gases for monitoring and faults diagnosis for mineral and biodegradable oil-filled transformer. Past works about DGA on biodegradable oil such as sunflower, soybean, and corn oil are analyzed. Any different on gases production of oil through different tests will be discuss further in this paper.
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17

Olmo, Cristian, Cristina Méndez, Félix Ortiz, Fernando Delgado, and Alfredo Ortiz. "Titania Nanofluids Based on Natural Ester: Cooling and Insulation Properties Assessment." Nanomaterials 10, no. 4 (March 26, 2020): 603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10040603.

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The assessment of a TiO2 vegetal-based dielectric nanofluid has been carried out, and its characteristics and behavior have been tested and compared with a previously tested maghemite nanofluid. The results obtained reflect a similar affectation of the main properties, with a maximal improvement of the breakdown voltage of 33% at 0.5 kg/m3, keeping the thermal conductivity and the viscosity almost constant, especially the first one. This thermal characterization agrees with the results obtained when applying the TiO2 optimal nanofluid in the cooling of an experimental setup, with a slightly worse performance than the base fluid. Nevertheless, this performance is the opposite to that noticed with the ferrofluid, which was capable of improving the cooling of the transformer and decreasing its temperature. The similarities between the characterizations of both nanofluids, the differences in their cooling performances and their different magnetic natures seem to point out the presence of additional thermomagnetic buoyancy forces to support the improvement of the cooling.
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18

Ostrikov, A. N., A. A. Shevtsov, T. N. Tertychnaya, and N. A. Serdyukova. "Exergetic analysis of the production technology of biodiesel from rapeseed oil." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 82, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 252–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2020-1-252-261.

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Analysis of the efficiency reserves of the most promising technologies for biodiesel production showed the feasibility of implementing the technological cycle in the following sequence: first, the transesterification of vegetable oil with supercritical alcohol, then the fluid supercritical СО2 extraction of the cooled reaction mixture; its separation in the field of centrifugal forces to separate glycerol from the target product, and then the separation of carbon dioxide by gas-liquid separation to obtain purified biodiesel and return carbon dioxide to the extraction stage. In accordance with the methodology of exergetic analysis, the influence of internal and external energy losses on the system is considered. The total number of internal exergetic losses associated with the irreversibility of any real processes included losses from the final temperature difference as a result of recuperative heat exchange between material and heat flows, as well as hydraulic losses caused by a sudden increase in the specific volume of the coolant when it enters the operating volumes of the devices from the pipeline. External losses are related to the conditions of the system interface with the environment. They are caused by the difference between the temperature of heat carriers and the ambient temperature, imperfect thermal insulation of equipment and condensate discharge. Exergetic analysis has shown that the exergetic efficiency for the technology of biodiesel production in supercritical conditions using steam-ejection refrigerating machine is 52.62%, which is 15–20% higher than that of known technologies. This characterizes the proposed technology as a heat-technological system with a high degree of thermodynamic perfection, which was achieved by organizing work in closed thermodynamic cycles and using exhausted heat carriers.
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19

Subburaj, Senthil Kumar, Madavan Rengaraj, and Ravindran Mariappan. "Evaluating critical characteristics of vegetable oil as a biodegradable insulating oil for transformer." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems, September 22, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2020-0128.

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AbstractIn transformer, fuel based mineral oil is used as insulation and coolant over many years. The ecological issue related with the current liquid insulation system is the throwing away of used oil samples after drawn out service. The paper investigates the critical properties of biodegradable oil such as olive and palm oil according to international standards. After that, a small laboratory setup of 1 kVA transformer was designed for the load test with insulating fluids with olive oil and palm oil were tested. Likewise, an attempt has been made for the technical feasibility of mixing proportion was also investigated. Then, the experimental results were compared with mineral oil. Experimental analysis shows that vegetable oil’s electrical and fire resistance properties are better than the conventionally present used mineral oil. Yet, the viscosity of vegetable oil is much higher than mineral oil. Added to that, vegetable oils are exhibiting the higher amount of higher molecular fatty acids. From the load test, it is found that transformer with nature ester palm oil has a higher efficiency that of olive oil, but it is found lower efficiency than mineral oil.
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