Academic literature on the topic 'Vegetable oils Plant bioactive compounds'
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Journal articles on the topic "Vegetable oils Plant bioactive compounds"
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Blasi, Francesca, and Lina Cossignani. "An Overview of Natural Extracts with Antioxidant Activity for the Improvement of the Oxidative Stability and Shelf Life of Edible Oils." Processes 8, no. 8 (August 8, 2020): 956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8080956.
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Many plant materials, such as fruits and vegetables as well as herbs and spices, represent valuable sources of antioxidants. In recent years, wastes from agriculture and food industrial processes have been shown to be interesting sources for bioactive compound recovery, strongly contributing to the circular economy. Nowadays, because of their possible adverse effects on human health, there is a tendency to replace synthetic antioxidants with natural compounds. This review attempts to critically summarize the current evidence on plant bioactives, extracted from food or waste, added to unsaturated vegetable oils, in order to obtain high added-value products and to ameliorate their oxidative stability and shelf life. The goal of this review is to demonstrate the current status of the research on edible oils added with natural plant bioactives, highlighting new approaches in the field of health-promoting foods.
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Rouphael, Youssef, Maria Giordano, Mariateresa Cardarelli, Eugenio Cozzolino, Mauro Mori, Marios Kyriacou, Paolo Bonini, and Giuseppe Colla. "Plant- and Seaweed-Based Extracts Increase Yield but Differentially Modulate Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse Spinach through Biostimulant Action." Agronomy 8, no. 7 (July 21, 2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8070126.
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Plant biostimulants (PBs) such as protein hydrolysates and seaweed extracts are attracting the increasing interest of scientists and vegetable growers for their potential toenhance yield and nutritional quality. The current study assessed crop productivity, leaf colorimetry, mineral profile and bioactive compounds of greenhouse spinach in response to the foliar application of three PBs: legume-derived protein hydrolysate [PH], extract of seaweed Ecklonia maxima or mixture of vegetal oils, herbal and seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum extracts. Plants were PB-treated at a rate of 3 mL L−1 four times during their growth cycle at weekly intervals. Foliar PB applications enhanced fresh yield, dry biomass and leaf area of spinach in comparison with untreated plants. Improved yield performance with PB applications was associated with improved chlorophyll biosynthesis (higher SPAD index). The three PB treatments elicited an increase in bioactive compounds (total phenols and ascorbic acid), thus raised the functional quality of spinach. The application of PH enhanced K and Mg concentrations and did not result in increased nitrate accumulation as observed with the other two PB treatments. Our findings can assist vegetable farmers and the agro-food industry in adopting innovative and sustainable tools such as PB for complementing a high yield with premium quality.
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Ginocchio, Rosanna, Eduardo Muñoz-Carvajal, Patricia Velásquez, Ady Giordano, Gloria Montenegro, Germán Colque-Perez, and César Sáez-Navarrete. "Mayten Tree Seed Oil: Nutritional Value Evaluation According to Antioxidant Capacity and Bioactive Properties." Foods 10, no. 4 (March 30, 2021): 729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10040729.
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The Mayten tree (Maytenus boaria Mol.), a native plant of Chile that grows under environmentally limiting conditions, was historically harvested to extract an edible oil, and may represent an opportunity to expand current vegetable oil production. Seeds were collected from Mayten trees in north-central Chile, and seed oil was extracted by solvent extraction. The seed oil showed a reddish coloration, with quality parameters similar to those of other vegetable oils. The fatty acid composition revealed high levels of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Oleic and linoleic acids, which are relevant to the human diet, were well represented in the extracted Mayten tree seed oil. The oil displayed an antioxidant capacity due to the high contents of antioxidant compounds (polyphenols and carotenoids) and may have potential health benefits for diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Popescu, Mariana, Florin Oancea, Elena Radu, Mălina Deșliu-Avram, and Călina Petruța Cornea. "Bioconversion of Oilseeds into Bioproducts for Cultivated Plants Nutrition and Protection." “Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings 1, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 572–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0090.
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AbstractNatural by-products from vegetable oil industries and spent edible oils from domestic or public food spaces should be recycled to obtain new added value products. Present paper proposed a technical solution for complete valorisation of inedible oilseeds or spent edible oils into bioproducts for nutrition and protection of plants cultivated in conservative organic agrosystems. Pressed cakes resulted from mechanical cold extraction of mustard oil contain residual oil and bioactive compounds which were released using an enzymatic cocktail 1:1 cellulase with proteases coupled with azeotropic solvents into a single Soxhlet extractor. From mustard meal, a solid fraction with glycerol derivatives of fatty acids (56.23% oleate and 17.47% linoleate) decanted from syrup (41.78% xylopyranoside and 48.48% trilinolein) and from mustard cake (76.44% linoleate) in the supernatant, the same oligosaccharide (29.64%) and proteinates (30.18%) in the solid fraction. The total extract was simultaneously concentrated and converted into a bioactive potassium salt emulsion able to encapsulate insectofungicidal natural compounds as bioproducts with agronomical applications.
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Sanches, Suellen Christtine da Costa, José Otávio Carréra Silva-Júnior, and Roseane Maria Ribeiro-Costa. "O uso dos óleos vegetais na prevenção do envelhecimento da pele." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (January 24, 2021): e44010111941. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11941.
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Theoretical framework: Vegetable oils in the cosmetics market are gaining more and more notoriety because they contain mainly antioxidants as bioactive substances. Free radicals are one of the main responsible for skin aging, which is characterized by the set of inevitable changes that occur progressively in our body and is classified as intrinsic and extrinsic aging, leading to visual changes in both the epidermis and dermis due to the decrease in fibers collagen, elastic and glycosaminoglycans. Although it is currently impossible to prevent or reverse genetic processes of intrinsic aging, the changes caused by free radicals that trigger extrinsic aging can be prevented naturally with the use of oil-based cosmeceuticals. Objective: To review studies in the literature on the use of vegetable oils to prevent skin aging. Material and Methods: A qualitative review of the narrative-type literature was carried out, consulting scientific articles indexed in the electronic databases, SCIENCE DIRECT, SciELO, LILACS, MedLine and PubMed. Results: A current trend in the market for increasingly safer, biocompatible and effective cosmetics is to combine vegetable oils with antioxidant characteristics with other natural and / or synthetic actives in order to provide different functions and associated effects, such as combating premature aging and provide elasticity, firmness, hydration, among other benefits. Conclusion: Brazil has become a primordial country due to the abundance of natural resources in its forest, offering plant ingredients made up of bioactive compounds to the world scenario that work to combat the damage caused by free radicals.
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Wang, Xiaoqin, Chunhuan Li, María del Mar Contreras, Vito Verardo, Ana María Gómez-Caravaca, and Chen Xing. "Integrated Profiling of Fatty Acids, Sterols and Phenolic Compounds in Tree and Herbaceous Peony Seed Oils: Marker Screening for New Resources of Vegetable Oil." Foods 9, no. 6 (June 11, 2020): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9060770.
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Tree peonies (Paeonia ostii and Paeonia rockii) are popular ornamental plants. Moreover, these plants have become oil crops in recent years. However, there are limited compositional studies focused on fatty acids. Therefore, this work aims to reveal compositional characteristics, regarding fatty acids, sterols, γ-tocopherol and phenolic compounds, of tree peony seed oils from all major cultivation areas in China, and to compare with herbaceous peony seed oil. For that, an integrative analysis was performed by GC-FID, GC-MS and UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS technologies. The main fatty acid was α-linolenic acid (39.0–48.3%), while β-sitosterol (1802.5–2793.7 mg/kg) and fucosterol (682.2–1225.1 mg/kg) were the dominant phytosterols. Importantly, 34 phenolic compounds, including paeonol and “Paeonia glycosides” (36.62–103.17 μg/g), were characterized in vegetable oils for the first time. Conclusively, this work gives new insights into the phytochemical composition of peony seed oil and reveals the presence of bioactive compounds, including “Paeonia glycosides”.
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Mohd Yusop, Fatin Hafizah, Shareena Fairuz Abd Manaf, and Fazlena Hamzah. "Preservation of Bioactive Compound via Microencapsulation." Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 19 (September 10, 2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cerb.v19i0.33796.
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<p>The aim of this paper is to discuss on the preservation of bioactive compound by using microencapsulation techniques. Microencapsulation is a process of building a functional barrier between the core and wall material to prevent any chemical or physical reactions. Microencapsulation provides an important technique in various food, pharmaceutical industry and textile product because has the ability to improve shelf-life, oxidative stability, provide protection and controlled biological activity release of active agents. Microencapsulation of plant extract, essential oils, vegetable has been developed and commercialized by employing various method including freeze drying, coacervation, spray drying, in situ polymerization and melt-extrusion. The most commonly used techniques for microencapsulation of oils are by using spray drying and coacervation method. Microencapsulation methods have been developed in order to modify the efficiency based on several factors such as types of active agents, shell material used, generating particles with a variable range of sizes, shell thickness and permeability. With this work, an overview regarding efficient and applications of microencapsulation process will be presented.</p><p>Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 19(2017) 50-56</p>
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Martin-Rubio, Ana S., Patricia Sopelana, and María D. Guillén. "Assessment of Soybean Oil Oxidative Stability from Rapid Analysis of its Minor Component Profile." Molecules 25, no. 20 (October 21, 2020): 4860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204860.
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The minor components of vegetable oils are important for their oxidative stability. In order to know to what extent they can influence oil behaviour under oxidative conditions, two commercial soybean oils, one virgin and the other refined, both with very similar compositions in acyl groups but differing in their minor component profiles, were subjected to accelerated storage conditions. They were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and direct immersion solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (DI-SPME-GC/MS), while oil oxidation was monitored by 1H-NMR. The lower levels of tocols and sterols in the virgin oil, together with its higher free fatty acid content when compared to the refined one, result in a lower oxidative stability. This is deduced from faster degradation of acyl groups and earlier generation of hydroperoxides, epoxides, and aldehydes in the virgin oil. These findings reveal that commercial virgin soybean oil quality is not necessarily higher than that of the refined type, and that a simple and rapid analysis of oil minor components by DI-SPME-GC/MS would enable one to establish quality levels within oils originating from the same plant species and similar unsaturation level regarding composition in potentially bioactive compounds and oxidative stability.
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Popescu, Liliana. "EFFECTS OF NATURAL BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS ON MICROBIAL SAFETY AND QUALITY OF DAIRY PRODUCTS." Journal of Engineering Science XXVIII, no. 2 (June 2021): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/jes.utm.2021.28(2).13.
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Dairy products are susceptible to contamination by foodborne pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms, which can result to a reduced shelf life of products as well as risks to the consumers’health. This determines the possible use of preservatives in the manufacturing process of dairy products. Consumers require healthy food, free of synthetic preservatives, looking for natural alternatives to ensure food safety. Just for this reason, natural ingredients are receiving increasing attention as substitutes for synthetic additives. Currently, research is focusing on the identification of natural antimicrobial agents, especially from plants such as fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices, as they contain significant amounts of compounds with antimicrobial activity. In addition, plants contain bioactive compounds, which could provide health benefits in preventing many diseases. This review aims to discuss the impact of natural antimicrobials on foodborne pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in products, the antimicrobial efficacy of plant extracts and essential oils and the impact of their incorporation on the sensory characteristics of dairy products such as yogurts, cheeses, butter and ghee.
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Szewczyk, Kacper, Aleksandra Chojnacka, and Magdalena Górnicka. "Tocopherols and Tocotrienols—Bioactive Dietary Compounds; What Is Certain, What Is Doubt?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 6222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126222.
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Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers’ interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vegetable oils Plant bioactive compounds"
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Mbandezelo, Mongikazi. "Bioactive compounds in a Manayi traditional medicinal product from East London." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2450.
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Thesis (MTech (Chemistry))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.In Africa, herbal medicines are often used as primary treatments for a variety of ailments and diseases including HIV/AIDS and for HIV-related problems. In general, traditional medicines are not well researched scientifically in controlled studies, and are poorly regulated. Since the pharmacological effectiveness of natural products is affected by several native and foreign factors, studies on the variations of chemical composition and biological activity of these medicines are necessary. The processes of investigating plants to identify chemical substances are of great interest to natural product researchers because there is a need to discover new drugs for treating old and new diseases. These facts underscore an urgent need to develop new anti HIV and AIDS drugs with fewer or no side effects. Research into drug discovery and development using natural products is increasingly becoming better established. Marine organisms as a source of natural products delivered numerous novel compounds with multiple pharmacological properties. Natural products give endless opportunities for discovering novel compounds that can be used as drugs or backbones of drug leads. Manayi is a natural product that has been used to treat and manage people with HIV, but no scientific studies have been done to prove its efficacy on the HIV under controlled conditions. For the purposes of this study, cooked and uncooked Manayi product was evaluated for its efficacy on HIV in vitro. Manayi samples were collected in East London, Eastern Cape and sequentially extracted with hexane, chloroform, dichloromethane, butanol, methanol, and water as a series of increasingly polar solvents for its bioactive chemical constituents.
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Artiga, Artigas María. "Design of nanostructured delivery systems to enhance the functionality of food bioactive compounds." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665007.
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Les nanoestructures basades en emulsions es consideren excel•lents sistemes d'alliberament de compostos bioactius de diferent naturalesa i funcionalitat. L'objectiu d'aquesta Tesi Doctoral va ser estudiar els factors que afecten l'estabilitat de les nanoemulsions i emulsions dobles, com sistemes d'encapsulació de bioactius lipofílics i/o hidrofílics, respectivament; i l'efecte de la seva aplicació en aliments. El tipus i la concentració dels diferents components de les nanoemulsions contenint curcumina o olis essencials, va afectar significativament a les seves propietats fisicoquímiques. Així mateix, el mètode de fabricació de les emulsions dobles va ser crucial per a la seva formació i estabilització. Així, es van obtenir emulsions dobles transportadores de clorofilina i citronela, estables durant 21 dies. D'altra banda, les nanoemulsions aplicades com recobriments antimicrobians sobre la superfície de formatge tallat, van mantenir la seva estabilitat microbiològica i van ser efectius davant de Staphylococcus aureus. La present investigació contribueix enormement al desenvolupament de les nanoestructures des del seu disseny, fins a la seva aplicació final.Las nanoestructuras basadas en emulsiones se consideran excelentes sistemas de liberación de compuestos bioactivos de diferente naturaleza y funcionalidad. El objetivo de esta Tesis Doctoral fue estudiar los factores que afectan a la estabilidad de las nanoemulsiones y emulsiones dobles, como sistemas de encapsulación de bioactivos lipofílicos y/o hidrofílicos, respectivamente; y el efecto de su aplicación en alimentos. El tipo y la concentración de los diferentes componentes de las nanoemulsiones conteniendo curcumina o aceites esenciales, afectó significativamente a sus propiedades físico-químicas. Asimismo, el método de fabricación de las emulsiones dobles fue crucial para su formación y estabilización. Así, se obtuvieron emulsiones dobles transportadoras de clorofilina y citronela, estables durante 21 días. Por otro lado, las nanoemulsiones aplicadas como recubrimientos antimicrobianos sobre la superficie de queso cortado, mantuvieron su estabilidad microbiológica y fueron efectivos frente a Staphylococcus aureus. La presente investigación contribuye enormemente al desarrollo de nanoestructuras basadas en emulsiones, desde su diseño, hasta su aplicación final.
Emulsion-based nanostructures are considered as excellent systems for the release of bioactive compounds with different nature and functionality. The objective of this Doctoral Thesis was to study the factors that affect the stability of nanoemulsions and double emulsions, as encapsulation systems of lipophilic and/or hydrophilic bioactive compounds, respectively; and the effect of its application on food products. The type and concentration of the different components of nanoemulsions containing curcumin or essential oils, significantly affected their physicochemical properties. Also, the fabrication method and processing parametes of double emulsions was crucial for their formation and stabilization. Thus, stable double emulsions (21 days) containing chlorophyllin and citronella, were obtained. On the other hand, nanoemulsions applied as antimicrobial edible coatings onto the surface of cut-cheese, maintained their microbiological stability and were effective against Staphylococcus aureus. The present research significantly contributes to the development of nanostructures from its design to its final application.
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Mnonopi, Nandipha Olivia. "In vitro testing to investigate the anticoagulant/antithrombotic and antidiabetic biological activity of Leonotis Leonurus." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/693.
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The rising costs of prescription drugs in the maintenance of personal health and wellbeing have increased the interest in medicinal plants. The World Health Organization estimates that 65 percent-80 percent of the world’s population use traditional medicine as their primary form of health care. In this project the focus has been on the use of Leonotis leonurus extracts as a traditional medicine. The major chemical constituent of this plant is marrubiin, which is a diterpenoid labdane lactone formed from a precursor called premarrubiin. Aqueous and acetone extract (AL and OL extract, respectively) of this plant has been found to have an antithrombotic effect, with IC50 values of 3mg/ml and 6mg/ml, respectively. The extracts also have an effect on fibrinolysis, where the lysis time was decreased by more than 50 percent by the organic extract and standard marrubiin. In whole blood ADP-induced platelet aggregation, the organic extract inhibited aggregation by 68 percent at a final concentration of 138μg/ml (equivalent to 7.2μg/ml marrubiin). Marrubiin has also been screened for antithrombotic/anticoagulant activity; no antithrombotic activity has been observed but it increased the rate of fibrinolysis, by decreasing lysis time by 64 percent and also decreasing fibrin formation. From these findings it can be concluded that marrubiin has a fibrinolytic effect and antiplatelet aggregation effect. In the diabetic studies, in hyperglycemic condition, the OL (10μg/ml) extract and standard marrubiin significantly increased insulin secretion by 200 percent (2-fold) and 400 percent (4-fold), respectively, with respect to the control. The OL extract and standard marrubiin stimulated the release of insulin, the stimulatory index was significantly increased by 450 percent (4.5-fold) and 500 percent (5-fold), respectively, with respect to the control. In the apoptotic studies, in the normoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions, the OL extract decreased the occurrence of apoptosis, in a dose-dependent manner, with the lower concentrations inducing apoptosis significantly higher than the relevant controls. Standard marrubiin did not have an effect on apoptosis in hyperglycemic condition, but it decreased the occurrence of apoptosis by 200 percent (2-fold) under normoglycemic conditions. The OL extract increased proliferation by 148 percent (1.48- fold) and 155 percent (1.55-fold) in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions, respectively. The same effect was observed for standard marrubiin, where, proliferation was increased by 180 percent (1.8-fold) and 200 percent (2.0-fold) in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions, respectively. RT-PCR displayed that standard marrubiin inhibited the expression of insulin by 50 percent under normoglycemic conditions.
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Mnonopi, Nandipha. "Leonotis leonurus: the anticoagulant and antidiabetic activity of Leonotis leonurus." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1194.
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Commercial marrubiin, aqueous and organic extracts of Leonotis leonurus were tested in vitro for their anticoagulant and antiplatelet activities. The aqueous extract inhibited platelet aggregation by 69.5 percent (100 μg/mL), while the organic extract (100 μg/mL) and marrubiin (5 μg/mL) showed 92.5 percent and 91.6 percent inhibition, respectively, by inhibiting the binding of fibrinogen to glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor in a concentration dependent manner. The extracts significantly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time compared to untreated plasma controls. Fibrin and D-Dimer formation were drastically decreased. The extracts and marrubiin concentration-dependently inhibited calcium mobilization induced by collagen and thrombin. The formation of thromboxane A2 was also significantly reduced by both the extracts and marrubiin. Protein secretion and platelet adhesion were significantly reduced by both the extracts and marrubiin. The organic extract and marrubiin showed a more pronounced effect than the aqueous extracts in all the in vitro assays. The ex-vivo animal model confirmed the results obtained in vitro. Similar to the in vitro studies, activated partial thromboplastin time clotting time was prolonged by marrubiin and the number of aggregated platelets were significantly reduced relative to aspirin. The findings reflect that marrubiin largely contributes to the organic extract's anticoagulant and antiplatelet effect in vitro. INS-1 cells were cultured under normo- and hyperglycaemic conditions. Marrubiin and the two Leonotis leonurus extracts were screened for anti-diabetic activity in vitro. The stimulatory index of INS-1 cells cultured under hyperglycaemic conditions was significantly increased by 60 percent and 61 percent (p<0.01; n=5) in cells exposed to the organic extract (10 μg/mL) and marrubiin (500 ng/mL), respectively, relative to the normoglycaemic conditions. The gene expression of insulin was significantly increased by 76.5 and 71 percent, and of glucose transporter-2 by 93 and 92.5 percent for marrubiin and the organic extract, respectively, under the same conditions stipulated above (p<0.01; n=4). The extract and marrubiin similarly showed an increase in respiratory rate under hyperglycaemic conditions. Marrubiin increased insulin secretion, HDL-cholesterol, while it decreased total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index in the in vivo rat model.
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Dilika, Fikile. "The medicinal value of Amaryllidaceae and Asteraceae species used in male circumcision." Thesis, Connect to this title online, 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04112007-153554/.
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Abuzaytoun, Reem. "The effect of bioactive constituents on plant oil stability /." 2005.
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Miguel, Herrero, ed. Bioactive compounds from marine foods: Plant and animal sources. Chichester, West Sussex: IFT Press, Wiley Blackwell, 2014.
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Polya, Gideon Maxwell. Biochemical targets of plant bioactive compounds: A pharmacological reference guide to sites of action and biological effects. London: Taylor & Francis, 2003.
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Zhi wu yao huo xing cheng fen da ci dian. Beijing Shi: Ren min wei sheng chu ban she, 2011.
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Zhong yao kang yang hua kang shuai lao huo xing cheng fen: Antioxident and antisenescence active components in TCM. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2012.
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Zhong yao kang ai huo xing cheng fen: Anticancer active components in TCM. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2012.
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Zhong yao ying xiang xin nao xue guan xi tong huo xing cheng fen: Active components on cardiocerebro-vascular system in TCM. Beijing: Ke xue chu ban she, 2012.
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1922-, Teranishi Roy, Buttery Ron G, Sugisawa Hiroshi 1928-, American Chemical Society. Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry., and American Chemical Society Meeting, eds. Bioactive volatile compounds from plants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993.
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Luisella, Verotta, ed. Virtual activity, real pharmacology: Different approaches to the search for bioactive natural compounds. Trivandrum, India: Research Signpost, 1997.
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P, Kemertelidze Ė, ed. Biologicheski aktivnye veshchestva flory Gruzii. Tbilisi: "Met͡s︡niereba", 1987.
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Phytochemicals in human health protection, nutrition, and plant defense. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 1999.
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Vanz Borges, Cristine, Hector Gomez Gomez, Igor Otavio Minatel, and Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima. "The Increase of Amines Content in the Intake of a Vegan Diet." In Vegetarianism and Veganism [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94095.
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Vegetarian and vegan consumers have increased in the last years. However, the food industry is facing problems responding to this growing market, since the food safety of several plant-based products is not well established. Fruits, vegetables and fermented products, such as nut and grains milks and cheeses, may be rich sources of biogenic amines; whereas, the levels of these compounds should be considered before the inclusion on a daily diet. Biogenic amines are a class of compounds with wide physiological activities as antioxidant properties, inductors of cell division and allergic processes, and sleep, sexual and behavioral disorders. In addition to the levels of biogenic amines, the levels of some of its precursors as tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan and tryptamine will be presented. The foods eaten by vegans are consumed raw, cooked, fried, fermented and mainly through homemade processing methods, which have influence on the levels of bioactive compounds from the food matrix. Exposure to processing conditions such as handling, sanitary conditions, high temperatures, preparing methods (cooking in water or oil) influencing the levels of amines, will be discussed in this chapter to enrich the knowledge on food safety associated to vegan diets.
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Eryılmaz Pehlivan, Fadime. "Bitter Melon: A Multifunctional Medicinal Plant with Powerful Bioactive Compounds." In Functional Foods [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98812.
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Nature is full of poisons as well as life-saving entities. Extracts of natural products in medicinal plants have been used for thousands of years in traditional medicine throughout the World. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is a member of Cucurbitaceae family, widely distributed in tropical regions of the World, that has been used in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, and its fruit has been used as a vegetable for thousands of years. It contains phytochemicals, flavonoids, triterpenes, saponins, ascorbic acid, steroids, proteins, and polysaccharides. This plant is a traditional herbal medicine, possesses various biological, medicinal activities and pharmacological functions, namely antidiabetic, anthelmintic, contraceptive, antimalarial, laxative, antihyperglycemic, antimutagenic, antiulcer, antilipolytic, antifertility, hepatoprotective, anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, immunomodulation, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities of M. charantia have been reported. Its fruit has a special bitter taste, parts of M. charantia, such as fruits, vines, leaves and even roots have been used as folk medicine for the remedy of diseases like toothache, diarrhea, and diabetes. It is also used for the treatment of eczema, gout, jaundice, pneumonia, psoriasis, and rheumatism. These beneficial effects are attributed to the various bioactive components of M. charantia, which are important sources of phytoconstituents used to treat various diseases since ancient times. This chapter reviews various aspects of the results of investigations involving M. charantia in the recent years, providing a comprehensive overview of the phytochemical application of M. charantia to attract more attention to their biological activities for better utilization of M. charantia; focusing on the review of benefits that bitter melon offers in terms of its potential as a source of bioactive compounds and its role in the control of different diseases.
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Chandula Weerasekera, Asel, Kanchana Samarasinghe, Heethaka Krishantha Sameera de Zoysa, Thushara Chathuranga Bamunuarachchige, and Viduranga Yashasvi Waisundara. "Cinnamomum zeylanicum: Morphology, Antioxidant Properties and Bioactive Compounds." In Antioxidants - Benefits, Sources, Mechanisms of Action. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97492.
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Cinnamomum zeylanicum is one of the oldest spices used for culinary purposes in Asian countries. Its extracts have demonstrated a positive impact on controlling the progression of disease pathologies due to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-mutagenic, anti-tyrosinase and antidiabetic characteristics. C. zeylanicum also has its unique variations which makes it necessary to distinguish it from other species of cinnamon. Phenolic compounds such as cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, cinnamic acetate and thymol are the main compounds that can be found in essential oils of C. zeylanicum. However, cinnamaldehyde and eugenol act as the main bioactive antioxidant compounds found in C. zeylanicum because of their active functional groups in the structures. There are many examples of the use of C. zeylanicum extracts for medicinal purposes, specifically cinnamon metabolite proanthocyanidins which suppress inflammatory compounds and help pathways such as insulin signaling. Moreover, the bioactive compounds in essential oils of this plant are used against many pathogenic (including food-borne) and spoilage bacteria.
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Martin, Cécile, Vincent Niderkorn, Gaëlle Maxin, Jessie Guyader, Maguy Eugène, and Diego P. Morgavi. "The use of plant bioactive compounds to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from farmed ruminants." In Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production, 231–60. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0077.13.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter focuses on the opportunity to use plant bioactive compounds in ruminant diets for their potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, particularly enteric methane. Nitrous oxide emissions related to urinary nitrogen waste are addressed when information is available. The main families considered are plant lipids and plant secondary compounds (tannins, saponins, halogenated compounds and essential oils). The effects of these compounds in vivo, their mechanisms of action, and their potential adoption on farms are discussed, and future trends in this research area are highlighted.
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Zandona, Laís, Caroline Lima, and Suzana Lannes. "Plant-Based Milk Substitutes: Factors to Lead to Its Use and Benefits to Human Health." In Milk Substitutes - Selected Aspects. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94496.
Full textAbstract:
The consumption of vegetable milk has grown in recent years. Medical reasons are some reasons for the increase in the number of consumers of this type of drink. Lactose intolerance and allergy to cow’s milk protein are the major factors that lead to this consumption in addition to the option for a healthier lifestyle, there are also consumers concerned with animal health and welfare who are adept at restrictive diets like vegetarianism and veganism. Vegetable extracts are water-soluble extracts from legumes, oilseeds, cereals, or pseudocereals that resemble bovine milk in appearance, are considered substitutes for cow’s milk due to the similar chemical composition and can also be used as substitutes for direct use or in some animal milk-based preparations. In contrast, these substitutes have different sensory characteristics, stability, and nutritional composition of cow’s milk. Plant extracts have health-beneficial compounds, phenolic compounds, unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds such as phytosterols and isoflavones making plant-based milk substitutes an interesting choice.
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Stankovic, Sladjan, Miroslav Kostic, Igor Kostic, and Slobodan Krnjajic. "Practical Approaches to Pest Control: The Use of Natural Compounds." In Pests, Weeds and Diseases in Agricultural Crop and Animal Husbandry Production. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91792.
Full textAbstract:
Food production is challenged by different factors: climate changes, market competitiveness, food safety, public demands, environmental challenges, new and invasive pests, etc. Intensive food production must be protected against pests, which is nowadays impossible with traditional techniques. The use of eco-friendly biopesticides based on essential oils (EOs), plant extracts (PE), and inert dusts appears to be a complementary or alternative methodology to the conventional chemically synthesized insecticides. The use of such biopesticides reduces the adverse pesticide effects on human health and environment. Biopesticides can exhibit toxic, repellent, and antifeeding effects. Development of bio-insecticides tackles the problem of food safety and residues in fresh food. Innovation within this approach is the combination of several types of active ingredients with complementary effects. Essential oils are well-known compounds with insecticide or repellent activities. New approaches, tools, and products for ecological pest management may substantially decrease pesticide use, especially in fruit and vegetable production. A win-win strategy is to find an appropriate nature-based compound having impact on pests, together with pesticide use, when unavoidable. Toxic or repellent activity could be used for pest control in the field conditions, as well as attractiveness of some compounds for mass trapping, before pests cause significant economic damage.
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Chaalal, Makhlouf, and Siham Ydjedd. "Biosynthesis Pathways of Vitamin E and Its Derivatives in Plants." In Vitamin E in Health and Disease - Interactions, Diseases and Health Aspects [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97267.
Full textAbstract:
Naturally occurring vitamin E, comprised of four forms each of tocopherols and tocotrienols, are synthesized solely by photosynthetic organisms and function primarily as antioxidants. The structural motifs of the vitamin E family and specifically the chroman moiety, are amenable to various modifications in order to improve their bioactivities towards numerous therapeutic targets. Tocopherols are lipophilic antioxidants and together with tocotrienols belong to the vitamin-E family. These lipid-soluble compounds are potent antioxidants that protect polyunsaturated fatty acids from lipid peroxidation. Biosynthetic pathways of plants producing a diverse array of natural products that are important for plant function, agriculture, and human nutrition. Edible plant-derived products, notably seed oils, are the main sources of vitamin E in the human diet. The biosynthesis of tocopherols takes place mainly in plastids of higher plants from precursors derived from two metabolic pathways: homogentisic acid, an intermediate of degradation of aromatic amino acids, and phytyldiphosphate, which arises from methylerythritol phosphate pathway. Tocopherols and tocotrienols play an important roles in the oxidative stability of vegetable oils and in the nutritional quality of crop plants for human and livestock diets. Here, we review major biosynthetic pathways, including common precursors and competitive pathways of the vitamin E and its derivatives in plants.