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Journal articles on the topic 'Vegetarian/Vegan'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 January 2023

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1

Edyanto, Ermia, and Niken Puruhita. "PERBEDAAN KADAR KOLESTEROL LDL DAN HDL ANTARA WANITA VEGETARIAN TIPE VEGAN DAN NON-VEGAN." Journal of Nutrition College 1, no. 1 (2012): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v1i1.433.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Studies which investigated different risk for cardiovascular disease in vegetarian reported that each vegetarian diet type had different lipid serum level. Elevated LDL cholesterol level and reduced HDL cholesterol level are independent risk factors for coronary heart disease. This study was aimed to compare levels on LDL and HDL cholesterol between vegetarian vegan and non-vegan.Methods: Two groups of vegetarian women, 23 people in each group of vegan and non-vegan, participated in this cross-sectional study. The data taken of each subject were nutrient intakes (total fat,

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Setiyani, Diah Ari, and Yekti Wirawanni. "PERBEDAAN SINDROM METABOLIK PADA WANITA VEGETARIAN TIPE VEGAN DAN NON VEGAN." Journal of Nutrition College 1, no. 1 (2012): 216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v1i1.683.

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Latar Belakang: Sindrom metabolik adalah kumpulan kelainan metabolik yang dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Diet vegetarian terutama vegan dapat berperan dalam penurunan risiko sindrom metabolik, tetapi masih didapatkan penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa vegan berisiko sindrom metabolik bahkan lebih tinggi daripada non vegan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan sindrom metabolik pada wanita vegetarian vegan dan non vegan. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 18 vegan dan 18 non vegan yang dipilih

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Pamungkas, Mira Rizky, and Ani Margawati. "PERBEDAAN KADAR KOLESTEROL TOTAL DAN TRIGLISERIDA PADA WANITA VEGETARIAN TIPE VEGAN DAN NON-VEGAN." Journal of Nutrition College 2, no. 1 (2013): 76–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v2i1.2097.

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Latar Belakang : Wanita vegetarian non-vegan berisiko memiliki kadar kolesterol total dan trigliserida yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan vegan. Hal tersebut berkaitan dengan vegetarian non-vegan masih mengkonsumsi produk hewani antara lain susu, telur dan produk olahannya. Selain itu, faktor usia, lama menjadi vegetarian, indeks massa tubuh (IMT), aktivitas fisik menjadi faktor yang tidak dapat diabaikan. Metode : Desain penelitian cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif kualitatif. Jumlah sampel terdiri dari 19 vegetarian vegan dan 19 non-vegan yang dipilih secara consecutive sampling. Da

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Jang, Emily, and Bridget Parsh. "Vegetarian vs. vegan diets." Nursing 52, no. 9 (2022): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000853992.50898.60.

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Hess, Julie, and Madeline Comeau. "Assessing Dairy-Free Vegetarian and Vegan Modeled USDA Food Patterns for Lactation Among Adult Females." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac061.046.

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Abstract Objectives Among its recommended dietary patterns for Americans, including lactating mothers, the 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) includes a Healthy Vegetarian Dietary Pattern (HVDP). However, the DGA does not provide guidance for adapting the HVDP for vegetarians who avoid dairy (ovo-vegetarian) or all animal foods (vegan). A recent study from our lab created ovo-vegetarian and vegan models of the HVDP and found that there were minimal impacts on nutrient levels for non-pregnant, non-lactating healthy adults. The objective of this study was to determine whether our modele

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Chitchumroonchokchai, C. "Dietary Fiber and Phytate Intake of Strict Vegetarian Thai Adults." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 8, no. 1 (1995): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/101053959500800103.

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A comparison is made between strict vegetarian (vegan) and non-vegetarian subjects in terms of their dietary fiber and phytate intakes. Duplicated meals were collected and analyzed for chemical composition. Estimation of dietary fiber intake in a vegetarian daily diet was in the order of 68.7 g. Vegetarian diets appeared to contain two times the dietary fiber content found in non-vegetarian diets. The average amount of phytate ingested by the vegan subjects was 3.15 g/day which was four times the amount consumed by the non-vegetarian subjects.

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Kustar, Anna, and Dalia Patino-Echeverri. "A Review of Environmental Life Cycle Assessments of Diets: Plant-Based Solutions Are Truly Sustainable, even in the Form of Fast Foods." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (2021): 9926. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179926.

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This paper’s purpose is to shed light on the current understanding of the environmental benefits of vegetarian and vegan diets, considering the inclusion of a significant share of processed foods, such as plant-based burgers. We review recent Environmental Life Cycle Assessments of the three main diet types, omnivore, vegetarian, and vegan, and then assesses the environmental impacts of adding two commercial brands of plant-based burgers to vegetarian and vegan diets. The recent literature confirms that compared to omnivore diets adhering to the same dietary guidelines, vegan diets reduce land

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Gasparre, Nicola, Marina Mefleh, and Fatma Boukid. "Nutritional Facts and Health/Nutrition Claims of Commercial Plant-Based Infant Foods: Where Do We Stand?" Plants 11, no. 19 (2022): 2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11192531.

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One of the current drivers of the infant food market is the rising demand for vegan products, and thus accurate knowledge of their nutritional composition is required to guide parents and health professionals. Thus, this study aimed to assess the nutritional composition of commercial plant-based infant foods, in addition to analyzing their health/nutrition claims. A selection of infant products launched in the global market (2017–2021) were classified into eight types and each type was divided into vegan and vegetarian products. Based on the ingredients list, cereals, seeds, pseudocereals and/

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Liu, Hao-Wen, Wen-Hsin Tsai, Jia-Sin Liu, and Ko-Lin Kuo. "Association of Vegetarian Diet with Chronic Kidney Disease." Nutrients 11, no. 2 (2019): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11020279.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications are major global public health issues. Vegetarian diets are associated with a more favorable profile of metabolic risk factors and lower blood pressure, but the protective effect in CKD is still unknown. We aim to assess the association between vegetarian diets and CKD. A cross-sectional study was based on subjects who received physical checkups at the Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital from 5 September 2005, to 31 December 2016. All subjects completed a questionnaire to assess their demographics, medical history, diet pattern, and lifestyles. The diet p

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Fuhrman, Joel, and Deana M. Ferreri. "Fueling the Vegetarian (Vegan) Athlete." Current Sports Medicine Reports 9, no. 4 (2010): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/jsr.0b013e3181e93a6f.

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Modlinska, Klaudia, Dominika Adamczyk, Dominika Maison, and Wojciech Pisula. "Gender Differences in Attitudes to Vegans/Vegetarians and Their Food Preferences, and Their Implications for Promoting Sustainable Dietary Patterns–A Systematic Review." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (2020): 6292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166292.

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Limiting meat consumption has recently become one of the key issues linked to public health and environmental sustainability. This is reflected in the strong emphasis on increasing promotion of plant-based nutritional styles, such as vegan and vegetarian diets. Vegan/vegetarian diets appeal to certain demographic groups more than to others. The most striking difference, however, is found between the sexes. Men and women differ in their preferences for plant products and in their attitudes to meat consumption. There are also differences between their motivations to start and/or follow a vegan/v

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Baldassarre, Maria Elisabetta, Raffaella Panza, Ilaria Farella, et al. "Vegetarian and Vegan Weaning of the Infant: How Common and How Evidence-Based? A Population-Based Survey and Narrative Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (2020): 4835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134835.

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Background: Vegetarian and vegan weaning have increasing popularity among parents and families. However, if not correctly managed, they may lead to wrong feeding regimens, causing severe nutritional deficiencies requiring specific nutritional support or even the need for hospitalization. Aim: To assess the prevalence of vegetarian and vegan weaning among Italian families and to provide an up-to-date narrative review of supporting evidence. Materials and methods: We investigated 360 Italian families using a 40-item questionnaire. The narrative review was conducted searching scientific databases

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MacNair, Rachel. "McDonald's "Empirical Look at Becoming Vegan"." Society & Animals 9, no. 1 (2001): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853001300108991.

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AbstractMcDonald (2000) offers insights from in-depth interviews with twelve long-term vegans. I have done similar qualitative work with two focus groups, and I have done a quantitative survey with 385 respondents recruited through vegetarian channels (MacNair, 1998). Several points McDonald made can be confirmed or expanded upon from these studies, and there are other important considerations in the investigation of becoming vegetarian or vegan. As McDonald says, the current literature on becoming vegetarian or vegan is scant. One addition is recent figures on the percentage of the American p

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Pohl, Alexander, Frederik Schünemann, Käthe Bersiner, and Sebastian Gehlert. "The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (2021): 3884. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113884.

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Muscular adaptations can be triggered by exercise and diet. As vegan and vegetarian diets differ in nutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet, a change in dietary regimen might alter physiological responses to physical exercise and influence physical performance. Mitochondria abundance, muscle capillary density, hemoglobin concentration, endothelial function, functional heart morphology and availability of carbohydrates affect endurance performance and can be influenced by diet. Based on these factors, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially advantageous properties for endu

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Weder, Stine, Esther H. Zerback, Sina M. Wagener, et al. "How Does Selenium Intake Differ among Children (1–3 Years) on Vegetarian, Vegan, and Omnivorous Diets? Results of the VeChi Diet Study." Nutrients 15, no. 1 (2022): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15010034.

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In regions with low selenium soil concentrations, selenium can be considered a critical nutrient for vegetarians and vegans. While the number of vegetarians and vegans is increasing in many countries, a large research gap remains in this field. For example, to date, no study seems to have assessed selenium intake in vegetarian and vegan children. Therefore, the selenium intake of 1- to 3-year-old vegetarian, vegan, and omnivorous children who participated in the cross-sectional VeChi Diet study was determined. Selenium intake was assessed based on 3-day food diaries (not including supplements)

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Kiely, Mairead E. "Risks and benefits of vegan and vegetarian diets in children." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 80, no. 2 (2021): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002966512100001x.

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In parallel with increased public awareness of the health and environmental benefits of consuming a plant-based diet, the numbers of people who identify as vegan has increased sharply. The question of whether vegetarian and vegan diets are appropriate for children is a longstanding and unresolved controversy. The more restrictive the diet and the younger the child, the greater the risk of nutritional deficiency. Nutrients of potential concern are protein quantity and quality, iron, zinc, selenium, calcium, riboflavin, vitamins A, D, B12 and essential fatty acids. Although intakes and status of

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Ferreira-Pêgo, Cíntia, Rejane Giacomelli Tavares, Sofia Lopes, Tatiana Fontes, and Luis Monteiro Rodrigues. "Body composition assessment of vegetarian-vegan and omnivore young women – an exploratory study." Journal Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research 18, no. 1 (2021): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.19277/bbr.18.1.258.

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Diet is commonly accepted as a determinant of body composition, especially when related to specific lifestyles. Vegetarian-vegan diets, which involve a reduction or elimination of animal product consumption, are believed to be more “healthy,” facilitating weight control and reducing the incidence and clinical course of different diseases, in particular those related to overweight and obesity. Global reviews and metanalysis on these issues, however, are still insufficient. Our preliminary approach addresses the total body composition differences among vegetarians-vegans and omnivorous individua

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Eveleigh, Elizabeth R., Lisa J. Coneyworth, Amanda Avery, and Simon J. M. Welham. "Vegans, Vegetarians, and Omnivores: How Does Dietary Choice Influence Iodine Intake? A Systematic Review." Nutrients 12, no. 6 (2020): 1606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061606.

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Vegan and vegetarian diets are becoming increasingly popular. Dietary restrictions may increase the risk of iodine deficiency. This systematic review aims to assess iodine intake and status in adults following a vegan or vegetarian diet in industrialised countries. A systematic review and quality assessment were conducted in the period May 2019–April 2020 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were identified in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and secondary sources. Fifteen articles met inclusion criter

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Jian, Zhi-Hong, Yi-Chen Chiang, Chia-Chi Lung, et al. "Vegetarian diet and cholesterol and TAG levels by gender." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 4 (2014): 721–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980014000883.

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AbstractObjectiveThe present study assessed the effects of vegetarian and omnivorous diets on HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), TAG and the ratio of HDL-C to total cholesterol (TC) by gender.DesignHDL-C, LDL-C, TAG and HDL-C:TC were compared among three diet groups (vegan, ovo-lacto vegetarian and omnivorous). Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to examine factors significantly and independently associated with vegetarian status and to estimate the β value of lipid profiles for the diet groups.SettingsA cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the Taiwan

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Mariotti and Gardner. "Dietary Protein and Amino Acids in Vegetarian Diets—A Review." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (2019): 2661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112661.

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While animal products are rich in protein, the adequacy of dietary protein intake from vegetarian/vegan diets has long been controversial. In this review, we examine the protein and amino acid intakes from vegetarian diets followed by adults in western countries and gather information in terms of adequacy for protein and amino acids requirements, using indirect and direct data to estimate nutritional status. We point out that protein-rich foods, such as traditional legumes, nuts and seeds, are sufficient to achieve full protein adequacy in adults consuming vegetarian/vegan diets, while the que

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Campbell, Erin K., Mohammad Fidahusain, and Thomas M. Campbell II. "Evaluation of an Eight-Week Whole-Food Plant-Based Lifestyle Modification Program." Nutrients 11, no. 9 (2019): 2068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11092068.

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Poor diet quality is the leading cause of death both in the United States and worldwide, and the prevalence of obesity is at an all-time high and is projected to significantly worsen. Results from an eight-week group program utilizing an ad-libitum whole-food plant-based dietary pattern, were reviewed. There were 79 participants, all self-referred from the community, including 24 (30.4%) who were already vegetarian or vegan at baseline. Seventy-eight participants (98.7%) completed the eight-week program. Among completers, those with higher BMI at baseline lost a larger percentage of their body

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Jordy, Brian, and Dwinita Laksmidewi. "Faktor-faktor pendorong intensi membeli produk vegan." Jurnal Manajemen Maranatha 22, no. 1 (2022): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jmm.v22i1.5162.

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Vegetarian merupakan tren gaya hidup sehat yang sedang berkembang di dalam beberapa tahun ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh environmental concern, healthy awareness, social influence, animal welfare, dan attitude toward consumption sebagai variabel mediasi dapat memengaruhi intensi membeli produk vegan di Jabodetabek. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel penelitian sebanyak 130 orang responden vegetarian yang tinggal di Jabodetabek menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa social influence dan animal welfare berpengaruh signifikan terhadap inte

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Nebl, Josefine, Jan Philipp Schuchardt, Alexander Ströhle, et al. "Micronutrient Status of Recreational Runners with Vegetarian or Non-Vegetarian Dietary Patterns." Nutrients 11, no. 5 (2019): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051146.

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Vegetarian diets have gained popularity in sports. However, few data exist on the status of micronutrients and related biomarkers for vegetarian and vegan athletes. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare the micronutrient status of omnivorous (OMN, n = 27), lacto-ovo-vegetarian (LOV, n = 26), and vegan (VEG, n = 28) recreational runners. Biomarkers of vitamin B12, folate, vitamin D, and iron were assessed. Additionally, serum levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc were examined. Lifestyle factors and supplement intake were recorded via questionnaires. About 80% of each group show

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Villette, Cécile, Pauline Vasseur, Nathanael Lapidus, et al. "Vegetarian and Vegan Diets: Beliefs and Attitudes of General Practitioners and Pediatricians in France." Nutrients 14, no. 15 (2022): 3101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14153101.

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Studies suggest a decreasing trend in the consumption of meat products and a growing interest in vegetarian diets. Medical support may be relevant, especially when switching to a vegan diet. Our objective was to describe the beliefs and attitudes of primary care physicians toward vegetarian diets. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among general practitioners and pediatricians thorough a questionnaire including socio-demographic characteristics, specific care to vegetarians, and the risks and benefits of vegetarian diets according to physicians. Out of the 177 participating physicians, 104

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Bryant, Christopher J. "We Can’t Keep Meating Like This: Attitudes towards Vegetarian and Vegan Diets in the United Kingdom." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (2019): 6844. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236844.

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Animal agriculture is implicated as a major cause of greenhouse gas emissions, animal suffering and public health problems. This survey asked 1000 UK meat-eaters about their beliefs about vegetarian and vegan diets, and their intended consumption of meat and animal products one month in the future. One in six intended to reduce their meat consumption in the next month, and 14% intended to reduce their consumption of animal products. The majority agreed that vegetarian and vegan diets are ethical, good for the environment and healthy. The majority also agreed that both vegetarianism and veganis

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Butola, Lata Kanyal, Deepika Kanyal, and Ranjit Ambad. "Vegetarian Diet - Dealing with Efficiency and Deficiency of It - A Review." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 41 (2021): 3592–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/728.

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BACKGROUND There is already a large amount of evidence demonstrating the health benefits of vegetarian and plant-based diets along with lower incidence of obesity, diabetes, heart disease and certain forms of cancer as well as improved lifespan. Vegetarian diets tend to be lower in fat, particularly saturated fat and higher in dietary fiber. Consuming more whole grains, legumes, nuts, soy protein along with the absence of red meat, this form of eating plan will have many benefits for the prevention and treatment of obesity and chronic health conditions, including diabetes and cardiovascular di

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CARFÌ, David, and Alessia DONATO. "Coopetitive Games for Sustainability of Global Feeding and Climate Change: Recent Developments." Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 9, no. 1 (2018): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v9.1(25).25.

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In this paper, we face the problem of global feeding sustainability and related environmental issues, with a strong attention to possible public heath improvements. In particular, we consider food producers and sellers of vegan (or vegetarian) and non-vegan (or non-vegetarian) food and we build up feasible and measurable contracts between two different food producers, in order to construct a more sustainable and healthier diet for future generations. At this aim, we use co-opetitive approach by means of game theory. Our co-opetitive approach consists in a game theory structure, which could hel

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Fontes, Tatiana, Luis Monteiro Rodrigues, and Cíntia Ferreira-Pêgo. "Comparison between Different Groups of Vegetarianism and its Associations with Body Composition: A Literature Review from 2015 to 2021." Nutrients 14, no. 9 (2022): 1853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091853.

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Background: Vegetarian and vegan diets have become increasingly popular in the last years for many reasons, including their association with various health benefits when compared to omnivorous diets. The main objective of the study was to collect recent (2015–2021) scientific evidence for potential implications between a vegetarian/vegan diet and an individuals’ body composition. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, with 22 studies selected for inclusion in our collective evaluation. Of the 22 studies included, there were 12 randomized controlled trials, 1 nonrandomized contro

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Janžič, Barbara, Vesna Bukovac, Marjan Skalicky, and Tadeja Kraner-Šumenjak. "Perceptions of a Vegetarian Diet Among Students." Agricultura 18, no. 1-2 (2021): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/agricultura.18.1-2.17-22.2021.

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A vegetarian diet may include many meat substitutes, which can mimic the taste of meat. These products can mislead or deceive many omnivorous people. The aim of the study was to find out whether the students, who were the participants, would be able to differentiate between the origins of the products (meat, vegetarian and vegan), and which types of products they would like the most, judging by taste and appearance. In separating between the origins of products, they were wrong in only one of five products (vegetarian product). The results of the sensory evaluation indicated that all samples e

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Kersting, Mathilde, Hermann Kalhoff, Michael Melter, and Thomas Lücke. "Vegetarische Kostformen in der Kinderernährung?" DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 143, no. 04 (2018): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-119864.

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AbstractIn Germany, the “Dietary Schedule for the 1st year of life” and the “Optimised Mixed Diet” for children and adolescents serve as scientifically based and generally applicable dietary concepts throughout the period of growth and development. Vegetarian diets as the lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (exclusion of meat, fish) and the vegan diet (exclusion of all food groups of animal origin) need to be evaluated for their potential to safely meet the high and specific requirements for growth and development. In this regard, high-quality studies are needed. In individuals on lacto-ovo-vegetarian d

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Parra-Fernández, María Laura, Maria Manzaneque-Cañadillas, María Dolores Onieva-Zafra, et al. "Pathological Preoccupation with Healthy Eating (Orthorexia Nervosa) in a Spanish Sample with Vegetarian, Vegan, and Non-Vegetarian Dietary Patterns." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (2020): 3907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123907.

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Orthorexia nervosa (ON) has been defined as an obsessive and pathological attitude towards healthy nutrition. The aim of this study was to compare individuals who followed a vegan, vegetarian, and omnivore diet in terms of ON behaviors and to examine their prime motivations, attitudes, and behaviors towards food. The Spanish version of the ORTO-15 test — ORTO-11-ES — and the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ-SP) were used with a demographic questionnaire in an online survey disseminated among the social networks of different vegetarian associations and the general population. Of 466 individuals,

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Pallathadka, Harikumar, Laxmi Kirana Pallathadka, Takhelchangbam Brajeshwari Devi, and Dolpriya Devi Manoharmayum. "A Study of Myths, Facts and Figures on Prominence of Indian Vegetarianism: Past, Present and Future." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 2, no. 6 (2022): 268–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.2.6.36.

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Plants were the primary source of food for early humans. Hinduism and Jainism have consistently urged their devotees to continue with a vegan lifestyle. Supporters of the Orphic secrets were the principal individuals to expound on veggie-lover food in the 6th century BC. Pythagoras, a Greek rationalist, is believed to be the organizer behind moral vegetarianism. Several famous people followed the Pythagorean way of life, which affected vegetarian diets until the 19th century. During the Middle Ages, vegan food essentially quit being eaten in India. Various individuals decided to be veggie love

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Simeone, Giovanni, Marcello Bergamini, Maria Carmen Verga, et al. "Do Vegetarian Diets Provide Adequate Nutrient Intake during Complementary Feeding? A Systematic Review." Nutrients 14, no. 17 (2022): 3591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14173591.

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During the complementary feeding period, any nutritional deficiencies may negatively impact infant growth and neurodevelopment. A healthy diet containing all essential nutrients is strongly recommended by the WHO during infancy. Because vegetarian diets are becoming increasingly popular in many industrialized countries, some parents ask the pediatrician for a vegetarian diet, partially or entirely free of animal-source foods, for their children from an early age. This systematic review aims to evaluate the evidence on how vegetarian complementary feeding impacts infant growth, neurodevelopment

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Key, Timothy J., Paul N. Appleby, and Magdalena S. Rosell. "Health effects of vegetarian and vegan diets." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 65, no. 1 (2006): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2005481.

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Vegetarian diets do not contain meat, poultry or fish; vegan diets further exclude dairy products and eggs. Vegetarian and vegan diets can vary widely, but the empirical evidence largely relates to the nutritional content and health effects of the average diet of well-educated vegetarians living in Western countries, together with some information on vegetarians in non-Western countries. In general, vegetarian diets provide relatively large amounts of cereals, pulses, nuts, fruits and vegetables. In terms of nutrients, vegetarian diets are usually rich in carbohydrates, n−6 fatty acids, dietar

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Miedziaszczyk, Miłosz, Patrycja Ciabach, Edmund Grześkowiak, and Edyta Szałek. "The Safety of a Vegan Diet During Pregnancy." Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej 75 (June 16, 2021): 417–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.9343.

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There is an increasing number of people who go vegetarian. Some young parents also switch to this diet. The safety of vegetarian diets, especially vegan diets, is very important, especially during pregnancy. Unfortunately, reference publications do not provide coherent data on the safety of vegetarian diets during pregnancy. On the one hand, the vegan diet has advantages because it reduces the risk of heart disease and gestational diabetes. On the other hand, vegetarians/vegans should be aware of potential deficiencies of some nutrients (iron, zinc, vitamin B12, vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids,

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Marsh, Kate, Carol Zeuschner, and Angela Saunders. "Health Implications of a Vegetarian Diet." American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine 6, no. 3 (2011): 250–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1559827611425762.

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There is now a significant amount of research that demonstrates the health benefits of vegetarian and plant-based diets, which have been associated with a reduced risk of obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and some types of cancer as well as increased longevity. Vegetarian diets are typically lower in fat, particularly saturated fat, and higher in dietary fiber. They are also likely to include more whole grains, legumes, nuts, and soy protein, and together with the absence of red meat, this type of eating plan may provide many benefits for the prevention and treatment of obesity and chronic hea

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Edwards, Sachi. "Living in a Minority Food Culture: A Phenomenological Investigation of Being Vegetarian/Vegan." Phenomenology & Practice 7, no. 1 (2013): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/pandpr20106.

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This phenomenological investigation aims to explore the lived experience of being vegan or vegetarian in a society and culture that is primarily non-vegetarian. As members of a unique minority group, vegans and vegetarians can sometimes be misunderstood by non-vegetarians and stereotyped as judgmental or difficult to deal with. Living with this type of misunderstanding from others can lead to feelings such as worry, loneliness, and fear. As such, the use of phenomenological inquiry is well suited to uncover the lived experience this phenomenon in such a way that no other method of inquiry coul

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Bhati, Abhinav, Medha Gupta, and Eileen Zhao. "Cattle Climate Calamity." Journal for Activist Science and Technology Education 11, no. 1 (2020): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/jaste.v11i1.34255.

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Cows are one of the biggest contributors to climate change. Cattle produce a lot of methane from flatulence and eructation due to their ruminant stomachs. Human consumption of beef has exponentially increased the cattle population and therefore, putting more methane into the atmosphere. This study looks at how vegan and/or vegetarian diets can be more accessible to the general public in hopes of promoting more sustainable living. At the Woodlands Secondary School in Mississauga we sampled out various vegan and/or vegetarian recipes to spread the word and teach our peers that alternative diets

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Miles, Fayth L., Jan Irene C. Lloren, Ella Haddad, et al. "Plasma, Urine, and Adipose Tissue Biomarkers of Dietary Intake Differ Between Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Diet Groups in the Adventist Health Study-2." Journal of Nutrition 149, no. 4 (2019): 667–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxy292.

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ABSTRACT Background Differences in food composition, nutrient intake, and various health outcomes have been reported for vegetarians and non-vegetarians in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort. Objective We sought to determine whether biomarkers of dietary intake also differed between individuals classified as vegetarian (vegan, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, semi-vegetarian) and non-vegetarians based on patterns of consumption of meat, dairy, and eggs. Methods Fasting plasma, overnight urine, and adipose tissue samples were collected from a representative subset of AHS-2 parti

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Clarys, Peter, Tom Deliens, Inge Huybrechts, et al. "Comparison of Nutritional Quality of the Vegan, Vegetarian, Semi-Vegetarian, Pesco-Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diet." Nutrients 6, no. 3 (2014): 1318–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu6031318.

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Egeler, Gian-Andrea, and Priska Baur. "Menu Choice and Meat-Eating Habits: Results of a Field Experiment in Two University Canteens." Sustainability 14, no. 6 (2022): 3296. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14063296.

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In a transdisciplinary field experiment in two Swiss university canteens over 12 weeks, how customers respond to a revised menu choice of meat dishes and ovo-lacto-vegetarian or vegan dishes was investigated. Several interventions were implemented: the vegetarian menu line was abolished, the meat and veg-dishes were randomly distributed across the three menu lines, vegetarian and vegan dishes (veg-dishes) were not labelled or marketed as such, and in the 6 ‘intervention weeks’ the share of veg-dishes was increased compared to the 6 ‘base weeks’. Based on the lunchtime eating habits in the cant

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Nowaczek, Justyna, Paweł Oszczędłowski, Paweł Stanicki, Klaudia Żak, and Jacek Januszewski. "Vegan and vegetarian diet influence on bone health - a short review." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 11, no. 9 (2021): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2021.11.09.041.

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Introduction and purpose: Vegan and vegetarian diets rise in popularity. Their succes can be attributed to growing ecological awarness and trends in culture. Opponents criticise these diets as incompletely nutritional. In this review, we would like to summarise the state of knowledge over effects of vegan and vegetarian diets on skeletal system. Bone Mineral Density is a widely used indicator of likelyhood of fracture and develompent of osteoporosis. Comparing that parameter between vegans and vegetarians and non-vegans can lead to conclusions about bones’ health. A brief description of the st

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Leshem, Micah, and Smadar Shaul. "Vegans, Vegetarians and Omnivores Differ in Nutrient Hedonics, Salt and Sweet Taste and Flavouring." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.031.

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Abstract Objectives Nutrient hedonics (liking foods by nutrient content), and seasoning, including taste responses to the prime flavours salt and sweet, were compared in vegan, vegetarian and omnivore diets. Methods Questionnaires examined macronutrient and electrolyte intake and hedonics and seasoning: taste tests for salt and sweet preference: psychophysical taste responses for salt and sweet. Results Compared to omnivores, vegans had lower protein, Ca ++, Na + intake, and increased CHO intake. Hedonics for energy, fat, protein, Ca ++, Na + and K + were reduced. Psychophysical responses to N

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Webster, Bradley R., Matthew V. Ton-That, Neda Hashemi-Sadraei, and Satyan K. Shah. "Plant-based diet trends in oncology patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (2020): e19224-e19224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.e19224.

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e19224 Background: Plant-based diets are beneficial in several cancers such as colorectal and prostate. However, their adoption among oncology patients is not well studied. We report trends in plant-based diet selection among medical and surgical oncology patients at a comprehensive cancer center. Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective review of all patients admitted to the University of New Mexico Hospitals between October 2009 and October 2017 was conducted. Inclusion criteria included: 1) vegetarian Ovo-Lacto (dairy and eggs ok) or vegan (no animal-derived foods) inpatient diet request and

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Kostecka, Malgorzata, and Joanna Kostecka-Jarecka. "Knowledge on the Complementary Feeding of Infants Older than Six Months among Mothers Following Vegetarian and Traditional Diets." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (2021): 3973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113973.

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Solid foods should be introduced not later than the age of six months, regardless of whether the family adheres to a traditional, vegetarian, or vegan diet. The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge on the complementary feeding of infants older than six months among mothers who adhere to traditional and vegetarian diets and to identify problems that require the assistance of a dietician. A total of 251 mothers of children aged 10–12 months participated in the study. Only 10% of vegetarian mothers declared that they had placed their children on a vegetarian diet, whereas 36 mothers adh

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Fitriani, Fitriani, Yessi Marlina, Roziana Roziana, and Dilla Rahmadini. "GAMBARAN ASUPAN PROTEIN, ZAT BESI DAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA REMAJA PUTRI VEGETARIAN VEGAN DI INDONESIA VEGETARIAN SOCIETY (IVS)." JURNAL RISET GIZI 9, no. 1 (2021): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jrg.v9i1.6502.

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Background: A vegan vegetarian is one of type indigenous vegetarians who only consume plant-based foods and its processed food products. Vegetarians tend to consume protein and iron less than RDA. Inadequate protein and iron consumption will lead to anemia. Women tend to have the highest risk for anemia, especially female adolescents.Subject: To describe protein and iron intake with HB levels in vegan vegetarian female adolescents of Indonesian Vegetarian Society (IVS) Pekanbaru.Methods: A descriptive study with cross-sectional design. The research was conducted from November 2018 to June 2019

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Poinsot, Romane, Florent Vieux, Christophe Dubois, Marlène Perignon, Caroline Méjean, and Nicole Darmon. "Nutritional Quality of Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Dishes at School: Are Nutrient Profiling Systems Sufficiently Informative?" Nutrients 12, no. 8 (2020): 2256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12082256.

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In France, school canteens must offer a vegetarian meal at least once per week. The objective was to evaluate the nutritional quality of school main dishes. A database of main dishes served in primary schools was first split into non-vegetarian (n = 669) and vegetarian (n = 315) categories. The latter has been divided into three sub-categories: vegetarian dishes containing cheese, vegetarian dishes containing eggs and/or dairy products but no cheese and vegetarian dishes without any eggs, cheese or other dairy products (vegan). Categories and sub-categories were compared based on nutrient adeq

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Vergeer, Laura, Lana Vanderlee, Christine M. White, Vicki L. Rynard, and David Hammond. "Vegetarianism and other eating practices among youth and young adults in major Canadian cities." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 4 (2019): 609–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001900288x.

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AbstractObjective:To estimate the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of youth and young adults in major Canadian cities with self-reported vegetarian dietary practices and examine efforts to alter their diets.Design:Data were collected in autumn 2016 via web-based surveys. Respondents reported vegetarian dietary practices (vegan, vegetarian or pescatarian) and efforts in the preceding year to consume more or less of several nutrients, food groups and/or foods with particular attributes. Logistic regression models examined sociodemographic correlates of each vegetarian dietary prac

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Alexy, Ute, Morwenna Fischer, Stine Weder, et al. "Nutrient Intake and Status of German Children and Adolescents Consuming Vegetarian, Vegan or Omnivore Diets: Results of the VeChi Youth Study." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (2021): 1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051707.

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There is a lack of data on associations between modern vegetarian and vegan diets and health among children and adolescents. The aim of the Vechi Youth Study was to cross-sectionally examine anthropometry, dietary intakes and nutritional status in a sample of 149 vegetarian, 115 vegan and 137 omnivore children and adolescents (6–18 years old, mean age: 12.7 ± 3.9 years). Group differences of dietary intake (calculated from three-day dietary records), nutrient biomarker and blood lipid concentrations were assessed using an analysis of covariance, adjusted for sex, age and other covariates. The

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Mann, Stefan. "Could We Stop Killing?—Exploring a Post-Lethal Vegan or Vegetarian Agriculture." World 1, no. 2 (2020): 124–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/world1020010.

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This paper explores both the necessities and the options for an agricultural system in which no animals are killed by reviewing existing literature. It first identifies a causal chain which can be labelled as vegan wave and which might generate a consensus that animals should not be killed for human consumption. By raising issues of nutrient supply, grassland management and beekeeping, the paper shows that vegan-organic agriculture, vegan-conventional agriculture and post-lethal vegetarian agriculture are three options for such a pathway. Yet, many technical and socioeconomic questions still n

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