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Beig, Beatriz Bresighello [UNESP]. "A prática vegetariana em Rio Claro: corpo, espírito e natureza." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96056.
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Podemos dizer que a alimentação é uma junção entre o natural – sobrevivência – e o cultural – encarregado, este, de ditar todo o resto. Apesar da internacionalização da indústria alimentícia, culturas diferentes, religiões e estilos de vida podem ditar o que se deve comer e o que não se deve. Nesse conjunto de interditos e modos de se alimentar inclui-se o vegetarianismo, que vem atraindo contingentes populacionais significativos na contemporaneidade. Isto tem conseqüências para a questão da corporeidade, se levarmos em consideração que o que se come nos constitui, no sentido biológico e natural, mas que na verdade é ditado pela cultura e pela história. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de Rio Claro, com pessoas que possuem como escolha alimentar o vegetarianismo. Os dados foram coletados através de fontes primárias e secundárias. Nesse sentido, este projeto de pesquisa teve como problema compreender, entre pessoas que presentemente adotam a alimentação vegetariana, os objetivos que norteiam esta opção, como representam “os corpos” e como concebem a relação com a posição do homem na natureza. Após a análise dos resultados pudemos perceber que existe uma intermitência na prática do vegetarianismo. Foi possível constatar que argumentos ambientalistas, argumentos científicos relacionados à saúde e argumentos religiosos legitimam a prática vegetariana. Em relação aos cuidados com a saúde, os vegetarianos possuem práticas que denominamos de naturalistas, ou seja, que vão contra a biomedicina. A atividade física é caracterizada pelas práticas alternativas e o vegetariano pode ser caracterizado por uma junção entre o corpo, o espírito e o meio ambiente. Estudos que relacionam alimentação e corporeidades trazem questionamentos interessantes e inovadores para os profissionais de educação física e da motricidade humana.
We can say that the feeding is a junction between natural - survival - and cultural - in charge one, this, to dictate the remaining portion all. Although the different internationalization of the nourishing industry, cultures, religions and styles of life can dictate what if it must eat and what not if must. In this set of interdicts and ways of if feeding the vegetarianism is included, that comes attracting contingent population significant currently. This has consequences for question of body image, if to lead in consideration that what it is eaten constitutes in them, in the biological and natural direction, but that in the truth is dictated by the culture and history. The research was carried through in the city of Rio Claro, with people whom they possess as alimentary choice the vegetarianism. The data had been collected through primary and secondary sources. In this direction, this project of research had as problem to understand, between people who presently adopt the vegetarian feeding, the objectives that guide this option, as they represent “the bodies” and as they conceive the relation with the position of the man in the nature. After the analysis of the results we could perceive that a phases in the practical one of the vegetarianism exists. It was possible to evidence those ambient arguments, scientific arguments related to the health and religious arguments legitimize the practical vegetarian. In relation to the cares with the health, the vegetarians possess practical that we call of naturalists, that is, that they go against the traditional medicine. The physical activity is characterized by the practical alternatives and a junction between the body, the spirit and the environment can characterize the vegetarian. Studies that relate feeding and body image bring interesting and innovative questionings for the professionals of physical education.
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Hirschler, Christopher A. "An examination of vegan's beliefs and experiences using critical theory and autoethnography." Cleveland, Ohio : Cleveland State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1211977933.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cleveland State University, 2008.Abstract. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Oct. 7, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 412-464) and appendices. Available online via the OhioLINK ETD Center. Also available in print.
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Beig, Beatriz Bresighello. "A prática vegetariana em Rio Claro : corpo, espírito e natureza /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96056.
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Orientador: Leila Marrach Basto de AlbuquerqueBanca: Ronilda Ribeiro
Banca: Luiz Augusto Normanha Lima
Resumo: Podemos dizer que a alimentação é uma junção entre o natural - sobrevivência - e o cultural - encarregado, este, de ditar todo o resto. Apesar da internacionalização da indústria alimentícia, culturas diferentes, religiões e estilos de vida podem ditar o que se deve comer e o que não se deve. Nesse conjunto de interditos e modos de se alimentar inclui-se o vegetarianismo, que vem atraindo contingentes populacionais significativos na contemporaneidade. Isto tem conseqüências para a questão da corporeidade, se levarmos em consideração que o que se come nos constitui, no sentido biológico e natural, mas que na verdade é ditado pela cultura e pela história. A pesquisa foi realizada na cidade de Rio Claro, com pessoas que possuem como escolha alimentar o vegetarianismo. Os dados foram coletados através de fontes primárias e secundárias. Nesse sentido, este projeto de pesquisa teve como problema compreender, entre pessoas que presentemente adotam a alimentação vegetariana, os objetivos que norteiam esta opção, como representam "os corpos" e como concebem a relação com a posição do homem na natureza. Após a análise dos resultados pudemos perceber que existe uma intermitência na prática do vegetarianismo. Foi possível constatar que argumentos ambientalistas, argumentos científicos relacionados à saúde e argumentos religiosos legitimam a prática vegetariana. Em relação aos cuidados com a saúde, os vegetarianos possuem práticas que denominamos de naturalistas, ou seja, que vão contra a biomedicina. A atividade física é caracterizada pelas práticas alternativas e o vegetariano pode ser caracterizado por uma junção entre o corpo, o espírito e o meio ambiente. Estudos que relacionam alimentação e corporeidades trazem questionamentos interessantes e inovadores para os profissionais de educação física e da motricidade humana.
Abstract: We can say that the feeding is a junction between natural - survival - and cultural - in charge one, this, to dictate the remaining portion all. Although the different internationalization of the nourishing industry, cultures, religions and styles of life can dictate what if it must eat and what not if must. In this set of interdicts and ways of if feeding the vegetarianism is included, that comes attracting contingent population significant currently. This has consequences for question of body image, if to lead in consideration that what it is eaten constitutes in them, in the biological and natural direction, but that in the truth is dictated by the culture and history. The research was carried through in the city of Rio Claro, with people whom they possess as alimentary choice the vegetarianism. The data had been collected through primary and secondary sources. In this direction, this project of research had as problem to understand, between people who presently adopt the vegetarian feeding, the objectives that guide this option, as they represent "the bodies" and as they conceive the relation with the position of the man in the nature. After the analysis of the results we could perceive that a phases in the practical one of the vegetarianism exists. It was possible to evidence those ambient arguments, scientific arguments related to the health and religious arguments legitimize the practical vegetarian. In relation to the cares with the health, the vegetarians possess practical that we call of naturalists, that is, that they go against the traditional medicine. The physical activity is characterized by the practical alternatives and a junction between the body, the spirit and the environment can characterize the vegetarian. Studies that relate feeding and body image bring interesting and innovative questionings for the professionals of physical education.
Mestre
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Draper, Alizon K. "Vegetarianism in the UK." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 1991. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682289/.
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The aim of this research is to develop an understanding of why people become vegetarian and why the diet is currently enjoying a steady increase in popularity in contemporary Britain, through addressing the 'hidden agenda' of vegetarianism. Vegetarianism offers an example of food choice which highlights the non-nutritional aspects of food and eating, and represents far more than a pragmatic aversion to eating meat. The research incorporates both qualitative and quantitative studies. Two data sets were collected from 137 vegetarians in Greater London; qualitative information about the values and attitudes of vegetarians regarding diet, health and related issues, and quantitative information regarding the dietary intake of different categories of vegetarian. The findings of both studies are presented, but the thesis focuses on the qualitative data which was analysed using a symbolic approach to the study of food and eating as developed within anthropology. It was found that the decision to become vegetarian, and attitudes regarding food and health, formed a complex package of ideas which ranged from concrete issues, such as concern about the quality of the food supply, to ethical and abstract concerns, such as the character of the relationships between human society, nature and the animal world. There were differences between types of vegetarian in both diet and attitudes; as the diet became more extreme (excluding more animal foods) so attitudes became progressively more heterodox. It is concluded that vegetarianism does not deserve the label of 'fad' or 'cult' diet, but that it articulates a complex and potentially subversive ideology and demonstrates the need to incorporate social and cultural factors into analyses of food choice.
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Cyr, Naomi R. "Exploring Factors on being Vegetarian-Identified with a Contemporary Ethical Basis: Progressive Implications for the Environment and Animal Life." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/CyrNR2009.pdf.
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Gurajada, Navya. "Beliefs and knowledge about vegetarianism." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007gurajadan.pdf.
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Laier, Carolin. "The Power of Environmental Vegetarianism." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Uppsala centrum för hållbar utveckling, CSD Uppsala, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-420488.
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The idea of the human as a rational man is deeply engrained into the thinking and the construction of the human culture within industrialized societies. It enables the domination and commodification of nonhuman species and the natural world (the Other). This has led to the creation of a highly technologized, industrialized and environmentally destructive food system. Such system centers around the production and consumption of meat whereas meat symbolizes the dominant culture. It stands for hegemonic masculinity, rationalism and the subordination of the Other. In the 1970s, the ethical vegetarian movement arose, tackling the environmental destruction from a non-anthropocentric angle. Although the movement has not achieved the value shift it asks for, it identified the commodification of the Other as majorly problematic.Today, human induced climate change puts increasing pressure on humanity. Without inherent social change and restructuring, global warming may cause the extinction of the human and many other species.That is why, a new generation of activists has arisen. They use the environmental vegetarian argument to abolish commodification. It is an anthropocentric argumentation that aims to replace the exploitative, violent rationalist and industrialized society with the creation of a compassionate society that lives temperate lives. Environmental vegetarianism becomes powerful because it threatens the dominant culture daily. It challenges hegemonic masculinity because it embraces feminine virtues which build the basis for an ethics of care that centers around compassion. The argument’s power is reinforced by the natural scientific argument the confirms the reduction of meat consumption as important for the counteraction of climate change.
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Calvert, Samantha Jane. "Eden's diet : Christianity and vegetarianism 1809-2009." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4575/.
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The vegetarian teachings of the Salvation Army, Quakers, the Seventh Day Adventists and other Christian groups have been largely neglected by academics. This study takes a prosopographical approach to the development of modern Christian vegetarianism across a number of Christian vegetarian sects, and some more mainstream traditions, over a period of two centuries. The method allows for important points of similarity and difference to be noted among these groups’ founders and members. This research contributes particularly to radical Christian groups’ place in the vegetarian movement’s modern history. This study demonstrates how and why Christian vegetarianism developed in the nineteenth century and to what extent it influenced the secular vegetarian movement and wider society. It contextualizes nineteenth-century Christian vegetarianism in the wider movement of temperance, and considers why vegetarianism never made inroads into mainstream churches in the way that the temperance movement did. Finally, the study considers the pattern of Christian vegetarianism’s development in four distinct periods (1809-1847, 1848-1889, 1890-1959 and 1960-2009) as well as the many principles and behaviours these sectarian groups shared such as a desire for a return to Eden or the Golden Age, dualism, purity and biblical vegetarianism.
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Fernandes, Pedro Manuel Simões. "Consumer reaction to sustainable food consumption : motivations shaping meat consumption frequency in semi-vegetarians." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19723.
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Mestrado em MarketingA maior consciencialização da população sobre a necessidade de diminuir o consumo de carne é uma realidade dos dias de hoje. A indústria pecuária gera cerca de 14,5% das emissões de gases responsáveis pelo efeito de estufa, sendo atualmente o segundo maior emissor dos gases responsáveis por este fenómeno e, por inerência, um dos principais causadores das alterações climáticas. Adicionalmente, a causa do bem-estar animal e a relação do consumo excessivo de carne a doenças crónico-degenerativas são alguns dos exemplos que têm levado a mudanças no comportamento de alguns consumidores em relação ao consumo de carne. Neste estudo, motivações para o consumo de carne foram investigadas em omnívoros que reduzem significativamente o consumo de carne, mais conhecidos como semi-vegetarianos. Este estudo, que teve lugar em Portugal, utilizou uma abordagem quantitativa, obtendo, através de um questionário online e autoadministrado, uma amostra de 442 semi-vegetarianos com o objetivo de avaliar como as motivações relacionadas com a saúde, o prazer associado ao consumo de carne (hedónico), aspectos sociais, o ambiente e o bem-estar animal, influenciam a frequência do consumo de carne. Os resultados sugerem que a frequência do consumo de carne em semi-vegetarianos é melhor explicada por motivações hedónicas (impacto positivo no consumo de carne) e por motivações relacionadas com a saúde (impacto negativo no consumo de carne). Motivações relacionadas com a causa ambiental e a causa animal não parecem ser relevantes para explicar a frequência de consumo de carne neste estudo.
Increasing public awareness of the need to reduce meat consumption is a reality nowadays. The livestock industry accounts for about 14.5% of greenhouse gas emissions, currently being the second-largest emitter of greenhouse gases and, inherently, one of the main drivers of climate change. Additionally, the animal welfare cause and the relation between excessive meat consumption and noncommunicable diseases (NCD's) are some of the examples that have led to changes in the behaviour of some consumers regarding meat consumption. In this study, motivations about meat consumption were tested in omnivores that significantly reduce meat consumption, better known as semi-vegetarians. This study, which took place in Portugal, was conducted using a quantitative approach, obtaining, through an online self-administered questionnaire, a sample of 442 semi-vegetarians with the purpose of assessing how motivations related to health, pleasure associated with meat consumption (hedonic), social aspects, environment and animal welfare, influence meat consumption frequency. The results suggest that the frequency of meat consumption in semi-vegetarians is best explained by hedonic motivations (positive impact on meat consumption) and health-related motivations (negative impact on meat consumption). Environmental and animal causes do not seem to be relevant in explaining meat consumption frequency in this study.
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Pearson, Christopher J. "Dancers, Eating Attitudes and Vegetarianism: A Descriptive Study." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1627660654722065.
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Lea, Emma J. "Moving from meat : vegetarianism, beliefs and information sources." Connect to this title online, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl4335.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 327-346). A random population survey and a survey of vegetarians were conducted to examine South Australians' beliefs about meat and vegetarianism. Meat beliefs, barriers and benefits of vegetarianism, meat consumption, personal values, use of and trust in sources of food/nutrition/health information and demographic variables were measured.
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Guimarães, Maria de Lancastre. "Os riscos microbiológicos e nutricionais da cozinha vegetariana: estudo do caso: restaurante de cozinha vegetariana." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo do Estoril, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/2457.
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As principais razões para um individuo se tornar vegetariano são o respeito e a protecção da vida animal e do ambiente, a saúde e os motivos religiosos e filosóficos. Vários estudos indicam que os vegetarianos têm tendência para serem mais saudáveis do que os não vegetarianos.
De entre os vários tipos de vegetarianismo, os vegans são aqueles que precisam de ter uma alimentação mais cuidada, isto é, têm que ter acesso a bastante informação nutricional, uma vez que caso falte algum nutriente, este tem que ser substituído por um complemento. Um dos principais nutrientes que podem faltar nesta dieta é a vitamina B12.
A dieta vegetariana em geral é composta por outros alimentos como, por exemplo, o seitan e também há mais tendência para o consumo de frutas e legumes.
O objectivo deste estudo foi identificar os riscos microbiológicos e nutricionais da Cozinha Vegetariana. O restaurante em estudo está situado em Sintra e é um restaurante de cozinha vegetariana, em que a ementa é variada todos os dias. Foi necessário avaliar o perfil do consumidor (através de inquéritos), analisar microbiologicamente alguns pratos (34 amostras recolhidas) e reconhecer os riscos nutricionais (através da pesagem de 30 pratos diferentes).
Através dos inquéritos percebemos que dos 74 clientes inquiridos apenas 20% são vegetarianos. O sexo predominante é o feminino, na classe dos 30 aos 40 anos. A maioria vive em Sintra e arredores, tendo também a maioria uma licenciatura. 53.3% dos clientes não vegetarianos frequentam este restaurante porque apreciam este tipo de comida e 26.7% apenas gostam de experimentar novos pratos. Dos clientes vegetarianos a maior parte são ovo-lactos e as suas motivações para mudarem para esta dieta são as preocupações com a saúde porque acham que a cozinha vegetariana é mais saudável.
Na parte nutricional podemos verificar que alguns pratos têm demasiadas calorias para o que seria de esperar, como por exemplo, os pratos que incluem massas.
Em relação às análises microbiológicas observou-se que alguns pratos deram resultados “não satisfatórios” pela insuficiente desinfecção dos legumes/saladas cruas, ou mesmo pela temperatura de armazenamento.
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As análises às superfícies de corte de legumes crus foram feitas em dois períodos, a meio do dia de trabalho e no fim do dia. Verificou-se que no fim do dia as análises deram melhores resultados.
Quanto às análises feitas à qualidade do ar, estas foram efectuadas na vitrina onde estão expostas as saladas e legumes crus e na cozinha. Os resultados menos satisfatórios foram encontrados na cozinha, uma vez que esta é aberta para o restaurante há mais circulação de ar, o que faz com que existam mais bactérias não desejáveis.The main reasons for a person to become vegetarian are the respect and protection of animals and environment, the health, religion and philosophy. Several studies indicate that vegetarians have a tendency to be healthier than non-vegetarians. Amongst the various types of vegetarianism the vegans have to be extra cautious with their food, that is, they must have access to sufficient information about the kind of food they eat, if a nutrient is missing and if this is the case, a complement will be necessary. One of the main nutrients missing in the vegan diet is vitamin B12. The vegetarian diet includes different types of food like seitan and also there is a tendency to consume more fruit and vegetables. The objective of this study was to identify the microbiologic and nutritional risks of vegetarian cooking. The restaurant in question is situated at Sintra and logically is a vegetarian restaurant catering for different menus everyday. The type of clients was taken into consideration (through surveys), the microbiologic analysis of some dishes was made (34 samples) and the nutritional risks were investigated (by weighing 30 different dishes). Through the surveys we could conclude that 20% of the 74 clients inquired are vegetarians. Most are female between the ages of 30 and 40. Almost all the clients live at Sintra and surroundings and have a university degree. 53.3% of the non-vegetarian clients come to this restaurant because they appreciate this type of food and 26.7% enjoy trying new dishes. Most vegetarian customers are ovo-lacto and they have embraced this diet for health reasons, as they find vegetarian food healthier. On the nutritional side we can verify that some dishes have, as unexpected, too many calories, for example, those which include pasta. Regarding the microbiologic analysis the results of some dishes are “non-satisfactory” due to the inefficient disinfection of vegetables or raw salads or even the storage temperature. xii The analyses to the raw vegetables cutting-boards were done in the middle of the day and the closing time. The results of the later were better. Analysis to the quality of the air was done to the show-window where raw vegetables and salads are kept and the kitchen. The less satisfactory results were in the kitchen as it is opened to the restaurant and, therefore, there is more circulation of air and, in consequence, more bacteria can be found.
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Ferrigno, Mayra Vergotti 1984. "Veganismo e libertação animal = um estudo etnográfico." [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/279340.
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Orientador: Ronaldo Rômulo Machado de AlmeidaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: A partir de estudo etnográfico em congressos, manifestações públicas e encontros organizados ao redor do tema do vegetarianismo e da luta pelos direitos animais, a dissertação descreve a formação e a dinâmica de um movimento político em território brasileiro, expondo as principais discussões que mobilizam os ativistas na busca da emancipação dos animais na sociedade. Orientada pelo debate antropológico contemporâneo, voltado para observação das relações entre humanos e não-humanos, pode-se analisar uma discussão atual, na qual os atores não-humanos adquirem status de sujeito, o que mobiliza humanos na formação de um novo modo de fazer política e de se relacionar, em variadas esferas da vida social: a mudança de hábitos alimentares (disseminação da dieta vegetariana), o entretenimento (fim do uso de animais em circos, rodeios, touradas), bem como a revisão e a reflexão profundas sobre o modo de produção científica (fim dos testes em animais em pesquisas biomédicas e início de uma visão, dentro das ciências humanas, que encare seres não-humanos como atores sociais)
Abstract: Starting from an ethnographic study at conferences, public events and meetings organized around the theme of the vegetarianism and the struggle for animal rights, the manuscript describes the formation and dynamics of a political movement in Brazilian territory, exposing the main discussions that mobilize activists in pursuit of the emancipation of the animals in society. Guided by contemporary anthropological debate, aimed at observing the relationship between humans and nonhumans, can analyze a current discussion, in which nonhumans acquire status of subject, which mobilizes humans to the formation of a new way of doing politics and the relationship in various spheres of social life: changing eating habits (spread of vegetarian diet), entertainment (ending the use of animals in circuses, rodeos, bullfights), as well as review and reflection about scientific production (end of animal testing in biomedical researches and the beginning of a vision within the Human sciences, which sees non-human beings as social actors)
Mestrado
Antropologia Social
Mestre em Antropologia Social
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Fiori, Carolina Bonfanti. "Efeito da germinação de grão e temperatura de processamento na composição nutricional de dietas crudívoras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11141/tde-11082014-164257/.
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A busca por um estilo de vida saudável tem motivado diversos indivíduos a mudanças em seus hábitos alimentares. O crudivorismo, também conhecido por alimentação viva ou alimentação crua (raw food) destaca-se dentre as demais dietas vegetarianas devido aos seus fundamentos, princípios e estilo de vida. Os crudívoros se abstêm de aplicação térmica, pois argumentam que as comidas cruas contem as próprias enzimas digestivas que facilitam a digestão dos alimentos no organismo. Para evitar possíveis deficiências e interferências nutricionais e manter dieta predominantemente crua, os crudívoros necessitam de planejamento adequado e seleção de alimentos apropriados. O presente estudo tem por objetivo verificar a adequação nutricional de uma dieta crudívora composta por vegetais, grãos germinados, alimentos de diferentes fontes lipídicas e submetidas a três temperaturas de processamento. O preparo das dietas crudívoras e as análises químicas foram realizados no laboratório de Nutrição Humana, do Departamento de Agroindústria, Alimentos e Nutrição da Escola Superior de Agricultura \"Luiz de Queiroz\". Para a elaboração das dietas crudívoras foi utilizado uma dieta base, constituído de batata com casca, tomate vermelho cru, couve crua com talos e suco de limão. A esta dieta base foram acrescidas lentilha germinada ou lentilha não germinada e a estas amostras, amendoim germinado ou azeite de oliva. Posteriormente foram submetidas a diferentes temperaturas de processamento, 25 ºC, 40 ºC e 80 ºC. Os grãos de lentilha e amendoim foram germinados por 24 horas sob ausência de luz. As dietas foram classificadas como D1 (dieta base; lentilha germinada; azeite de oliva), D2 (dieta base; lentilha germinada; amendoim germinado), D3 (dieta base; lentilha não germinada; azeite de oliva) e D4 (dieta base; lentilha não germinada; amendoim germinado). O processo de germinação e o tratamento térmico interferiram nos teores da maior parte dos nutrientes analisados. A inclusão de lentilha germinada nas dietas crudívoras proporcionou o incremento nos teores de umidade, cinzas, carboidrato, fibra solúvel, vitamina C, cálcio, ferro dialisável e níquel dialisável e redução nos teores de proteína, fibra insolúvel, taninos, capacidade antioxidante por DPPH e ABTS. As dietas crudívoras a 25ºC apresentaram maiores teores de cinzas, taninos e cálcio e menores concentrações de ácido fítico, em contra partida, as dietas a 80 ºC apresentaram teores superiores de fibra solúvel, ácido fítico, vitamina C, capacidade antioxidante por DPPH e ABTS, boro, manganês, ferro dialisável e cálcio dialisável. As dietas crudívoras submetidas a 80 ºC apresentaram valores de referência de Coliformes a 45 ºC, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus e Samonella de acordo com resolução vigente. No entanto, as dietas a 25 ºC e 40 ºC apresentaram quantidade superior ao limite máximo estabelecidos dos microrganismos analisados. Pode ser observado que a inclusão de grãos germinados proporcionou maiores alterações nutricionais nas dietas crudívoras que o tratamento térmico.The search for a healthy lifestyle has motivated many individuals to change their eating habits. The crudivorism, also known as living nourishment or raw food, stands out among the other vegetarian diets due to its fundaments and principles. The adepts of a raw food diet abstain from eating heated food, arguing that raw nutriment contains digestive enzymes that facilitate food digestion in the body. To avoid nutritional deficiencies, nutritional interferences and maintain a predominantly raw diet, proper planning is required, as well as a good selection of appropriate nourishment items. The present study aims at determining the nutritional adequacy of a raw food diet consisted of vegetables, germinated grains and foods of different lipid sources, which were subjected to three processing temperatures. The preparation of the raw food diets and its consequent chemical analyzes were performed in the Human Nutrition laboratory of the Department of Agroindustry, Food and Nutrition from the School of Agriculture \"Luiz de Queiroz\". For the formulation of such raw food diets, it was used a basis diet consisting of potato with peeling, raw tomato, raw kale with stalks and lemon juice. To this diet it was added germinated or non-germinated lentils and, to these samples it was added germinated peanuts or olive oil. Subsequently, they were subjected to different processing temperatures, 25º C, 40ºC and 80ºC. The lentil grains and peanuts had been germinated for 24 hours in absence of light. The diets were classified as D1 (basis diet; germinated lentils; olive oil), D2 (basis diet; germinated lentils, germinated peanuts), D3 (basis diet, nongerminated lentils, olive oil) and D4 (basis diet; non-germinated lentils, germinated peanuts). The germination process and heat treatment interfered on most of the compositions of the analyzed nutrients. The inclusion of germinated lentils into raw food diets provided the increase in moisture, ashes, carbohydrates, soluble fiber, vitamin C, calcium, dialyzable iron, dialyzable nickel as well as reduction of proteins, insoluble fiber, tannins and antioxidant capacity by DPPH and ABTS. Raw food diets at 25°C presented higher levels of ashes, tannins and calcium and lower levels of phytic acid. On the other hand, the diets at 80°C presented higher concentration of soluble fiber, phytic acid, vitamin C, antioxidant capacity by DPPH and ABTS, boron, manganese, dialyzable iron and dialyzable calcium. Raw food diets subjected to 80°C presented remarkable levels of Coliforms at 45ºC, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella, according to the current resolution. Nevertheless, diets at 25ºC and at 40ºC presented levels that were higher than the established limits to the analyzed microorganisms. It could be observed that the inclusion of germinated grains to raw food diets yielded higher nutritional changes than did the submission to heat treatment.
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Barboza, Renata Andreoni. "Vive la révolution animale!: an ethnography of the social consumer movement of vegetarianism." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18051.
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Esta tese tem como objetivo oferecer uma melhor compreensão do movimento social de consumidores vegetarianos e veganos, e sintetiza os resultados de três estudos que, juntos, cumprem o duplo objetivo de analisar a revolução na videografia e a exclusão de mercado. No primeiro estudo, discute-se o papel central da exclusão de mercado no movimento social vegetariano na cidade de São Paulo e descreve o compromisso dos vegetarianos com base em suas formas individualizadas de participação e seu foco na mudança cultural. O segundo estudo desta tese apresenta o método videográfico e discute sua aplicação à prática da pesquisa acadêmica e de mercado, apresentando um protocolo que resume a compreensão rica e detalhada deste método na prática. O terceiro estudo é uma videografia já publicada, que utiliza a realistic conflict theory para observar como diferentes tipos de pessoas ligadas ao universo do vegetarianismo e veganismo lidam com conflitos dentro e fora do movimento e como esses conflitos afetam a dinâmica do mercado. Os dados baseiam-se em 12 meses de trabalho de imersão etnográfica, com visitas a 18 eventos vegetarianos, cinco demonstrações públicas nas ruas e visitas regulares a cinco restaurantes veganos, para observar e conversar com vegetarianos e veganos no local. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade com 6 ovo-lacto-vegetarianos e 27 veganos. O artigo conclui com uma discussão das principais contribuições teóricas, implicações gerenciais, implicações para as políticas públicas, assim como com indicações de limitações e sugestões para pesquisas futuras.
This dissertation aims to provide an improved understanding of the social consumer movement of vegetarians and vegans, while it summarizes the results of three studies that, taken together, fulfill the twin objectives of analyzing the revolution in videography and analyzing marketplace exclusion. In the first study, the central role of marketplace exclusion in the social consumer movement of vegetarianism in the city of São Paulo is discussed, and the commitment of vegetarians based on their individualized forms of participation and their focus on cultural change is described. The second study of this dissertation discusses the technique of videography and its application to the practice of academic and market research, presenting a protocol that summarizes the rich and detailed understanding of this method in practice. The third study is an example of a published videography that uses realistic conflict theory to observe how different types of people connected with vegetarianism and veganism deal with conflicts within and outside the movement and how these conflicts affects market dynamics. The data are based on 12 months of ethnographic immersion fieldwork that involved visits to 18 vegetarian events, five public demonstrations on the street, and regular visits to five different vegan restaurants, in order to observe and talk to vegetarians and vegans on-site. Extended interviews were conducted with 6 ovo-lacto vegetarians and 27 vegans. The paper concludes with a discussion of the main theoretical contributions, managerial implications, implications for public policy, and limitations and suggestions for further research.
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Eriksson, Elin, and Alexandra Österlund. "Vad är en vegetarian? – En kvalitativ studie gällande ungdomars syn på vegetarianer och vegetarianism." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-79276.
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Det uppskattas att 15 % av utsläppen av växthusgaser kommer frånanimalieproduktion och ett effektivt sätt för att uppnå klimatmålen är att ändra och minska vårkonsumtion av kött- och mejeriprodukter. Den vegetariska kosten har blivit allt mer populärbland dagens ungdomar och många ungdomar väljer bort köttet, det finns dock fortfarande ettmotstånd bland en del ungdomar till att äta mer vegetariskt. Denna kvalitativa studie syftar tillatt undersöka ungdomars syn på vegetarianer och vegetarianism. Data samlades in genomsemistrukturerade intervjuer med tolv ungdomar. Materialet analyserades med induktivtematisk analys som genererade i fyra huvudteman Engagemang för djur och natur,Vegetarianismens två sidor, Normbrytande eller ej, Vegetarianer är feminina och enkärnkategori: I gränslandet. Studiens resultat visar att ungdomar har en mångfacetterad ochambivalent syn där både positiva och negativa aspekter gällande vegetarianer ochvegetarianism lyfts. Då tidigare forskning främst funnit att det finns en negativ syn påvegetarianer och vegetarianism och då resultatet av denna studie visar på en mångfacetteradoch ambivalent syn hos samtliga ungdomar, kan detta tyda på att synen på vegetarianer ochvegetarianism är i förändring. Denna studie bidrar till att öka kunskapen gällande synen påvegetarianer och vegetarianism.It is estimated that 15 % of greenhouse gas emissions come from animal productionand an effective way to achieve the climate goals is to change and reduce our consumption ofmeat and dairy products. The vegetarian diet has increased in popularity among adolescentsand many adolescents are opting out of the meat, however, there is still resistance amongsome adolescents to eat more vegetarian food. This qualitative study aims to investigateadolescents view of vegetarians and vegetarianism. Data was collected through semistructuredinterviews with twelve adolescents. The data was analyzed with inductive thematicanalysis which generated four main themes: Dedication To Animals and Nature, Two Sides ofVegetarianism, Norm-Breaking or Not, Vegetarians are Feminine and a core category: On theBorder Country. The results of the study indicate that adolescents have a multifaceted andambivalent view where both positive and negative aspects regarding vegetarians andvegetarianism are raised. As previous research has primarily found a negative view onvegetarians and vegetarianism and since the multifaceted and ambivalent view that waspresent in this study was found among all adolescents, this may indicate that the view onvegetarians and vegetarianism is changing. The present study helps to increase the knowledgeabout the view on vegetarians and vegetarianism.
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Quintaes, Kesia Diego. "Implicações nutricionais decorrentes do uso de panelas brasileiras de aço inoxidavel, ferro e pedra-sabão (esteatito)." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254459.
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Orientador: Jaime Amaya FarfanTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: A pedra-sabão, a cerâmica, o vidro, o ferro, o alumínio e o aço inoxidável, estão entre os diversos materiais empregados na confecção de utensílios culinários. É sabido que durante a elaboração culinária, interações entre os alimentos e os utensílios ocorrem: algumas benéficas, outras inócuas, enquanto que outras podem ser prejudiciais à saúde do comensal. O presente estudo visou avaliar as implicações nutricionais que os utensílios nacionais de ferro fundido, de pedrasabão (esteatito) e de aço inoxidável (inox), podem ter. Os utensílios foram testados com simulantes de alimentos (ácidos acético e láctico) e com preparações culinárias (arroz e molho de tomate) a fim de determinar qualitativa e quantitativamente os elementos migrantes. Os materiais apresentaram perfis de migração distintos e susceptíveis à variação, conforme o simulante (ácido acético ou lático) e a aplicação do utensílio (cocção ou estocagem). As panelas de inox e de ferro não apresentaram implicações toxicológicas, sendo que estas últimas liberaram quantidade expressiva de Fe. Já as panelas de pedra-sabão liberaram teores consideráveis de Ca, Mg, Fe e Mn durante a cocção e, Ni em quantidade indesejável foi liberado na condição de estocagem por 24horas de ácido acético. No caso dos alimentos, foi observado que o molho de tomate preparado em panelas de pedra-sabão apresentou maiores teores de Ca e Mn em relação ao arroz. As panelas de ferro liberam quantidades expressivas de Fe e Mn durante a cocção de molho de tomate quanto de arroz. A estabilidade oxidativa do óleo de soja refinado foi avaliada em função do material da panela (inox, ferro, pedrasabão, vidro e alumínio) e a liberação metálica do utensílio. O uso de panelas de pedra-sabão, inox e de ferro resultou em óleo com menor estabilidade oxidativa, sendo que as duas primeiras liberaram maior teor de ferro para o óleo em relação à de ferro. O óleo de soja refinado mostrou maior capacidade de reciclagem ao aquecimento descontínuo quando a panela era de vidro ou alumínio. Visando determinar a biodisponibilidade do ferro derivado das panelas de ferro e de pedrasabão, foi realizado ensaio envolvendo população susceptível à anemia: mulheres em idade fértil e indivíduos vegetarianos (Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, UNICAMP, parecer Nº 317/2001). Os participantes tiveram alíquotas de 10mL de sangue coletadas para a realização dos exames: transferrina, ferritina, ferro sérico e hemoglobina. A seguir foi iniciado o uso regular das panelas de ferro e pedrasabão no preparo das refeições, as primeiras por indivíduos vegetarianos de ambos os gêneros e, as segundas por mulheres em idade fértil. Novas amostras de sangue foram coletadas, visando a determinação dos mesmos indicadores hematológicos, após 10 semanas para os usuários das panelas de pedra-sabão e 12 semanas para os das de ferro. Os resultados da primeira e segunda coletas foram comparados a fim de estimar a biodisponibilidade do ferro derivado dos utensílios. Foi verificada a melhoria do estado nutricional relativo ao ferro nos voluntários quando os utensílios de alumínio foram trocados pelos de pedrasabão. Entretanto, não foi possível apontar com certeza a verdadeira causa desta melhora, uma vez que a extensão da migração de Fe para alimentos preparados nestes utensílios é inexpressiva. Já entre os usuários das panelas de ferro, o índice de anemia ferropriva passou de 38 para 20% ao final do estudo, mostrando que o ferro derivado das panelas deste material foi parcialmente utilizado pelo organismo. O estado nutricional relativo ao ferro de indivíduos sob regime ovolactovegetariano é passível de ser melhorado mediante preparo das refeições em panelas de ferro fundido
Abstract: Soapstone, clays, glass, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, are among the different materials used to make cookware. It is known that during food preparation interactions between the food and cookwares do occur, some of them being positive, some null, while others could be harmful for our health. This study evaluated the nutritional implications that result from using utensils made out of steel, soapstone and stainless steel materials. The utensils were tested with food simulants (acetic acid and lactic) and with some food preparations (rice and tomato sauce) in order to determine the quantity and quality of the migrating elements. All materials presented different migration profiles and were susceptible to variations according to the simulant and the utensil¿s application (cooking or storage). The stainless steel and iron cookware did not exhibit toxic implications but the later released substantial quantities of iron. On the other hand, the soapstone cookware released considerable amounts of Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn during cooking. Soapstone utensils also released undesirable quantities of Ni under storage for 24 hours with acetic acid. During food preparation, soapstone pans releases more Ca and Mn to tomato sauce than to rice. Iron cookware released Fe and Mn to tomato sauce and rice. The oxidative stability of refined soybean oil was evaluated after successive heating cycles in pans made of stainless steel, iron, glass and aluminum, with respect to the metal migration in each material. The use of the soapstone, stainless steel and iron resulted in lower oxidation stability. The soapstone and the stainless steel pans released more iron to the oil than iron cookware. The soybean oil showed greater stability for being re-heated discontinued when the material of the pan was either glass or aluminum. In order to determine the bioavaliability of the iron migrated from the soapstone and iron cookware, a study with two groups of individuals susceptible to iron deficiency was conduced. The study was ethically previously approved by the UNICAMP Ethic and Research Committee (317/2001). The participants, pre-menopausal women and vegetarians of both genders, had 10mL of blood collected for determination of the following indicators: transferrin, ferritin, serum iron and hemoglobin. After the males and females vegetarians started to use for 12 weeks the iron cookware and the pre-menopausal women started to use for 10 weeks the soapstone cookware on a regular basis for cooking their meals. New blood samples were collected and the same hematological tests re-evaluated. The results between the first and second blood tests were compared to verify the bioavalability of iron from both types of cookware materials. Changing the cookware from aluminum to soapstone improved the nutritional iron status significantly. However, it was not possible to unequivocally determine whether the status upgrading was due to the iron migration for the levels of Fe migration from soapstone pans was found to be almost insignificant. Among users of the iron cookware, the anemia index was reduced from 38 to 20% at the end of the study, showing that the iron released from iron cookware was at least partially utilized by the human body. The nutritional status of iron in individuals under vegetarian diet could be improved by meal prepare in iron cookware
Doutorado
Doutor em Alimentos e Nutrição
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Kenyon, Jones Christine Mary. "'Kindred brutes' : approaches to animals in Romantic-period writing, with special reference to Byron." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/kindred-brutes--approaches-to-animals-in-romanticperiod-writing-with-special-reference-to-byron(cba20d7b-0bbc-4ec9-9c81-ced8cc4d058d).html.
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Greif, Sergio. "Caracterização do consumo alimentar e habitos associados a saude em vegetarianos do estado de São Paulo." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254965.
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Orientador: Maria Aparecida Azevedo Pereira da SilvaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Mestrado
Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos
Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição
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Kanno, Maurício de Paula. "Ética abolicionista animalista nos \"mangas\" de Mauricio de Sousa: Estética e História da Arte revisitadas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/93/93131/tde-14122018-143051/.
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Este trabalho analisou questões de Ética Animal nos quadrinhos de Turma da Mônica Jovem e Chico Bento Moço, revistas em estilo mangás retratando personagens de Mauricio de Sousa como adolescentes. Para isso, foi realizado um panorama sobre a relação entre Estética, Ética e cultura popular, com destaque para estudos de Jean-Marie Guyau e foi verificado o histórico do pensamento ético sobre os animais na História do Mundo, desembocando em Tom Regan, Gary Francione, Sônia Felipe e Carlos Naconecy. Também se realizou um histórico da representação dos animais na História das Artes Visuais, com destaque para Franz Marc; e o mesmo com os quadrinhos infantis de Mauricio de Sousa, com destaque para o porco Chovinista; uma história em que Chico Bento tentava degolar um peru, mas se arrependeu; o tiranossauro vegetariano Horácio; e as tentativas do personagem mudo Humberto de libertar um canário e um peixe-dourado do negro Jeremias. Entre os autores estudados para as análises, destacam-se Umberto Eco, pela metodologia de interpretação de texto; Antonio Candido, pelos estudos do personagem de ficção; e Mikhail Bakhtin, pela estética do Grotesco. Nas revistas em estilo mangá de Mauricio de Sousa, foram analisados o seu discurso extra-ficcional e princípios gerais enunciados pelos protagonistas sobre os animais; a relação entre humanos e animais selvagens perigosos, silvestres inofensivos e animais de estimação. Verificou-se elevada valorização do critério ambiental, exceto quando está em jogo o consumo de animais. Os casos anteriores foram comparados com a representação do tratamento dos animais mortos e explorados na indústria alimentícia: porcos, vacas, galinhas, peixes e abelhas. Verificou-se que discursos dos protagonistas e o extra-ficcional do autor de amor, paz e proteção generalizados pelos animais são frequentemente incoerentes com atitudes observadas nos personagens e em relação às mensagens identificadas nas histórias, com destaque para a pesca recreativa de Chico Bento. Foi verificado o fenômeno do \"afetismo letal ou coisificador\", termo cunhado nesta pesquisa para designar que, diferentemente do que ocorre na realidade, há certos animais tratados pelo mesmo protagonista com afeto e outros da mesma espécie mortos ou escravizados por seus hábitos de consumo ou atitudes diretas. Cenários idílicos no campo comunicam mensagens enganosas em relação ao que ocorre via de regra no meio rural com os animais; assim como não se valorizou e informou adequadamente sobre os alimentos mais saudáveis na dieta vegetariana. Personagens vegetarianas foram identificadas e análises sobre sua representação e associações decorrentes foram deduzidas. Elas são novidade nestes quadrinhos, porém são exclusivamente mulheres e bruxas com poderes sobrenaturais, com particular e coincidente exposição de seus corpos. Positivamente quanto aos direitos animais, destaca-se história em que a protagonista Mônica e a vegetariana Denise resgatam porcos lembrando uma ação direta de ativismo da Frente de Libertação Animal (ALF); e outra em que Mônica demonstrou aversão ao trabalho na pecuária, apesar de não ser vegetariana. Magali, a personagem de Mauricio de Sousa tradicionalmente mais associada à alimentação, demonstrou forte tendência ao vegetarianismo, além de ocorrerem muitos episódios em que expressou sua compaixão pelos animais e sensibilidade.This work analyzed issues on Animal Ethics in the comics Turma da Mônica Jovem and Chico Bento Moço, publications in manga style picturing characters by Mauricio de Sousa as teenagers. First, we made a panorama about the relationship among Aesthetics, Ethics, and popular culture, with highlights to studies by Jean-Marie Guyau; we traced the ethical thinking on animals in the World History, arriving to Tom Regan, Gary Francione, Sônia Felipe and Carlos Naconecy. We researched the representation of animals in the History of Visual Arts, with highlights to Franz Marc. The same with the childish comics of Mauricio de Sousa, emphasizing the pig Chovinista; a story where Chico Bento tried to behead a turkey, but regretted it; the vegetarian Tyrannossaurus Horácio; and attempts of the mute Humberto of releasing a canary and a golden-fish from the black Jeremias. Among the characters studied for the analysis, there are: Umberto Eco, for the methodology of text interpretation; Antonio Candido, for studies on the character of fiction; and Mikhail Bakhtin, for the aesthetic of the Grotesc. In manga comics of Mauricio de Sousa, we analyzed his extra-fictional discourse and general principles enunciated by the main characters about the animals; the relationship between humans and savage dangerous animals, innofensive wild animals and pets. We noticed how high valued was the environmental criterium, except when the consumption of animals is at stake. The former cases were compared to the representation of the animals killed and exploited in the food industry: pigs, cows, chickens, fish and bees. We noticed that discourses of the characters and the extra-fictional discourse of generalized love, peace and protection for animals are often incoherent with attitudes observed in the characters and in relation to the messages identified in the stories, mainly noticing the recreative fishing by Chico Bento. We verified the phenomenum of \"letal or slavering affectism\", concept created in this research to designate that, differently from reality, there are certain animals treated by the same character with affection and others of the same species killed or slavered by his or her habits of consumption or direct attitudes. Idyllic scenaries in the rural area communicate deceiving messages in relation to what happens usually in the rural zone with animals; also, the healthiest vegetarian food were not valued and adequately informed. Vegetarian characters, novelties in these comics, are exclusively women and witches with supernatural powers, and with coincidental exhibition of their bodies. Positively for animal rights, there\'s importance in a story where the character Mônica and the vegetarian Denise rescue pigs, which remind us a direct action of activism by Animal Liberation Front (ALF); and other story where Mônica revealed aversion to working with cattle exploitation, although shes not vegetarian. Magali, the Mauricio de Sousa\'s character traditionally most associated to food, expressed a strong tendency to vegetarianism, and we can see also many episodes in which she showed compassion to animals and sensitivity.
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Nuse, Brendan. "Vegetarianism In Historical and Contemporary China: Tracking Transitions In Discourse Through Rhetorical Idioms of Entitlement and Endangerment." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1495879423635075.
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Knutson, Charina. "Hälsoresan : Patienter och patientperspektiv på hälsohemmet Föllingegården 1976–1990." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-173152.
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In the 1970s and 1980s, Sweden held about 15-20 certified health resorts that wanted to improve peoples’ health with vegetarian food and alternative medicine. This essay aims to explore the popularity of health resorts through a patient’s perspective. What did the patients look for at the resort, which they could not find in the official health care? A basis for the analysis is Bonnie Blair O´Connor’s theory of Health Belief Systems. In short, it claims that all medical systems are equal, from a patient’s point of view. A patient in the 1970s and 1980s could turn to the Health Belief System of conventional medicine, or chose an alternative – for example the Health Belief System constituted by Swedish health resorts. The material for this survey comes from one of the most famous health resorts in Sweden, Föllingegården in the north of Jämtland. From 1976 to 1990 Mrs Lilly Johansson, who advocated a very strictly vegetarian diet to people with various health problems, ran the resort. The archives of Föllingegården have recently been discovered, and this is the first time someone looks at the patients’ bookings, journals and letters. The survey reveals that about three quarters of the patients were women, that the average patient was about 50 years old, and that he or she was most likely to be a white-collar worker. About half of the patients were explicitly ill, and suffered from different kinds of aches, rheumatism, allergies, eczema, bowel problems or other chronic disease. In their anamnesis, and in evaluation forms concerning their stay at Föllingegården, the patients reveal their motifs for coming to the health resort. Many of them had been let down by conventional health care. They were tired of heavy medication and/or careless doctors. At the health resort, they searched for a more personal contact with their healer and a more natural way of curing diseases and improve health. This essay shows that patients in the 1970s and 1980s contributed to the popularity of health resorts by trusting the health resorts with a wide range of health problems, by persuading doctors of the official health care to refer to and finance their stay at the health resort, and by taking responsibility for their own health in an era when official health care started to prove insufficient.
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Ruby, Matthew Byron. "Of meat, morals, and masculinity : factors underlying the consumption of non-human animals, and inferences about another’s character." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1504.
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Previous psychological research on vegetarianism has focused primarily on participants' health and weight concerns, and the process by which people adopt a vegetarian diet. The present studies broaden this research by exploring the differences in the way omnivores and vegetarians perceive animals and people whose diets do or do not include meat. In Study 1, participants reported their willingness to eat a series of animal- and vegetable-sourced foods, as well as their perceptions of the animals’ qualities. In Study 2, participants reported their impressions of a hypothetical student’s character and personality, basing their inferences on a short profile that indicated the student’s dietary choices as either omnivorous or vegetarian. Our findings in Study 1 suggest that the decision to eat or not eat animals is chiefly a function of disgust at the thought of eating them and how often one has seen them for sale in a store, but also affected by such diverse factors as perceptions of their intelligence, capacity for pain and suffering, appearance, and similarity to humans. In Study 2, both omnivores and vegetarians rated the vegetarian student targets as more virtuous and ethical than the omnivorous student targets.
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Schmidt, Kelsey. "Saving Animals and the Land: Uniting the American Animal Rights and Environmental Movements of the Late Twentieth Century." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2193.
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The following research explores the growing stability of the relationship between the modern American animal rights and environmental movements in the aftermath of the 1960s counterculture. The movements have traditionally been considered by scholars in their separate contexts, because the movements had a tenuous and inconsistent relationship throughout their early histories. While the separate consideration of the movements may have been more appropriate for research prior to the 1960s, the movements became increasingly intertwined through various influences of the counterculture. The counterculture introduced new philosophies, utilitarianism and deep ecology, to the movements that united them through their mutual distaste for anthropocentrism and industrialization. The counterculture also provided animal rights and environmental advocates with alternative lifestyles with which to promote their goals and affect real change. The movements began to most clearly unite in their mutual campaigns against the intensive animal farming industry, more controversially and widely known as “factory farming.” Both movements utilized the philosophies introduced to their movements to argue against the moral ills of the industry. Hence, they identified a need to actively combat the effects of the meat industry and have since advocated a widespread adoption of the vegetarian lifestyle among the American public.
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Bell, Lisa Anne. "The effects of dietary restraint and red meat avoidance on the occurrence of eating disorder attitudes and behaviour in a non-clinical female sample." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/141344.
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Guerreiro, João Manuel Frias. "Plano de marketing para a empresa Beatroot." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19076.
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Mestrado em MarketingCom o presente projeto pretende-se desenvolver o primeiro plano de marketing para a Beatroot - empresa criada no segundo semestre de 2018 que está a desenvolver uma marca, com o mesmo nome da empresa, de produtos vegan ultracongelados em Portugal. Tendo em consideração que a empresa está em início de atividade, a sua principal preocupação é, neste momento, conhecer os seus potenciais consumidores e os seus comportamentos de compra. O trabalho terá um carácter exploratório e seguirá uma abordagem dedutiva. A escolha do método será a de métodos mistos: a primeira fase consistirá num estudo exploratório qualitativo onde se pretende, através da realização de dois focusgroupe de duas entrevistas em profundidade, a compreensão do comportamento do consumidor e quais as suas motivações e hábitos alimentares; a segunda fase será composta por um estudo quantitativo, através da realização de questionários online com o suporte da plataforma Qualtrics, onde se pretende consolidar os conceitos testados da análise qualitativa. Espera-se alcançar com este projeto contribuições relevantes para a Beatroot, nomeadamente a delineação de uma estratégia adequada ao público-alvo definido, bem como a identificação dos aspetos motivacionais que levam à compra. É também expectável que com este trabalho, se contribua cientificamente para a área nomeada, bem como para outras empresas emergentes semelhantes à Beatroot.
The purpose of this project is to develop the first marketing plan for Beatroot, which was created in the second half of 2018. This company is developing a brand, with the same name, of deep-frozen vegan products in Portugal. Considering that the company is in its early stages, its main concern at the moment is to understand who are its potential consumers as well as their buying behaviors. This work will be exploratory and will follow a deductive approach. The choice of method will be that of mixed methods: the first phase will consist of a qualitative exploratory study where, through the realization of two focus groups and two in-depth interviews, the understanding of consumer behavior and its motivations and eating habits will be achieved; the second will be composed of a quantitative study, through online questionnaires with the support of the platform Qualtrics, for the consolidation of the tested concepts of qualitative analysis. This project is expected to have relevant insights for Beatroot, notably the delineation of an appropriate strategy to the defined target audience, as well as identifying the motivational drivers that may lead to the purchase. It is also expected that this work will contribute scientifically to the named area, as well as to other emerging and similar companies.
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Guedes, Fábio Lúcio Antunes. "Dietética natural: mulheres, ecologismo e espiritualidade na cozinha da Nova Era." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8591.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Based on ethnographic experience of the encounter from natural and modern kitchens, a therapeutic healing house rises as a representation of a socio-ecological conflict that operates in the formation of different types of cookery expertise. Among 'modern chefs that naturalizes human taste', ‗barefoot female cooks' take us for a walk through the production fields, of commensality of natural foods in search of detailing the historical exclusion of female soul from the art of cookery (DORIA, 2013). Sensitized by a mind-and-body practice based on integrality, openness and attention, this barefoot women seek to grant legitimacy to female devir, in exercising alternative cure methods while facing a quarrelsome modern culinaric habitus responsible for reifying hodiern social gastro-anomie (FISCHLER, 1979). Different theoretical horizons, the dwell perspective (INGOLD, 2011) and acctancy (LATOUR, 1994), were gathered comparatively in order to compose a comprehensive analysis of a ‗eco-vegetarian‘ background, complemented by a parallel ethnographic immersion among producers of organic food in Brazil (ENCA) and Spain (WWOOF) in order to discuss emerging responsibilities in contemporary ecological devir, analysis the anti-ecology immanent in modern dietetic sciences.
Dedicada à investigação da emergência social do cozinheiro enquanto sujeito comedor, apresentamos uma etnografia sobre a estruturação da Cozinha Natural, e das ressignificação sócio-dietética decorrente de uma inversão da cosmo-ecologia gastronômica modernamente instituída. A casa de cura alternativa que nasce como representação de um conflito sociológico heteróclito, entre humanos e não-humanos, contextualiza a formação de uma expertise culinárica contemporânea - cozida no campo da construção da alteridade. O encontro fronteiriço entre as cozinhas natural e moderna ocorre em meio a um processo de legitimação social, de ‗cozinheiras de pés descalços‘ mediadas por uma experiência de desnaturalização do paladar e libertação da corpo feminino. A moderna exclusão do espírito feminino do recinto culinárico (DORIA, 2013) em favor dos chefs, figura como naturalização de nossa animalidade, na instituição de um habitus dietético carnista indesejado, reificador do atual estado de gastroanomia sociológico (FISCHLER, 1979). Uma análise compreensiva da prática dietética vegetariana e da intersubjetividade dos modos de vida consecutivos, é complementada por um empreendimento etnográfico entre produtores de alimentos orgânicos na Espanha.
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Gustafsson, Moa. "Vegetarisk mat och shopping i praktiken : En kvalitativ studie om hur unga vuxna hanterar vegetarisk shopping." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-26552.
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Syftet med denna studie är att studera och analysera hur konsumenter hanterar shopping av vegetariska livsmedel i praktiken. För att svara på detta används en kvalitativ metod i form av12 individuella intervjuer. Studien har använt sig av ett urval på nio kvinnor och tre män i åldrarna 19-25, alla konsumenter av vegetariska livsmedel. Resultatet visar på att konsumentens kompetens, motivation och material påverkar och styr hur aktiviteten utförs. Vilken kompetens en person besitter påverkar attityden mot vegetariska substitut vilket i sin tur påverkar val av produkter. Det materiella landskapet spelar också en viktig roll när det kommer till vilka möjligheter en konsument har. Utbudet ökar ständigt vilket bidrar tillmöjlighet av flexiblare matmetoder samtidigt som samhället öppnas upp för en merväxtbaserad kost. Sociala medier har även kommit att bli ett viktigt hjälpmedel i det vegetariska samhället och bidrar med både information av produkter, recept men även kunskap om hur maten ska tillagas på rätt sätt. Avslutningsvis visar studien på att motiv spelaren allt större roll vid shopping än vad man tidigare pratat om.The aim of this study is to study and analyze how consumers handle vegetarian shopping in practice. To answer this, a qualitative method in the form of 12 individual interviews is used. The study used a sample of nine women and three men age 19-25, all consumers of vegetarian foods. The results show that the consumer's competence, motivation and materials affect and control how the activity is carried out. What competence a person has affects the attitude towards vegetarian foods, which in turn affects the choice of products. The material landscape also plays an important role when it comes to what opportunities a consumer has. The growing range of plant-based food products contributes to the possibility of more flexible food methods, while society opens up for a more plant-based diet. Social media has also become an important tool in the vegetarian society and contributes with both information of products, recipes but also knowledge of how food should be prepared in the right way. The study also shows that motivation plays an increasingly important role in shopping than previously discussed.
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Gunnarsson, Hampus. "The Replaceability Argument : An evaluation of a utilitarian argument for the permissibility of purchasing meat." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för praktisk filosofi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-369051.
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The thesis is an evaluation of a utilitarian argument for the permissibility of purchasing meat. The argument, which I call the replaceability argument, rests on four premises: 1. Meat purchases cause animals to be brought into existence. 2. The animals brought into existence by meat purchases live lives of positive final value. 3. If the first two premises are true, then meat purchases cause at least as good consequences as any alternative act. 4. If meat purchases cause at least as good consequences as any alternative act, then meat purchases are permissible. The first three premises are examined while the fourth one, representing consequentialism, is assumed to be true. The evaluation results in the conclusion that the argument is unsound because all of the premises evaluated turn out to be either doubtful or false.
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Nunes, Ernesto Luiz Marques. "Vegetarianismo além da dieta: ativismo vegano em São Paulo." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. http://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/3051.
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Previous issue date: 2010-05-17Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This dissertation aims to investigate the vegan activism who are vegans, how vegan groups and collectives are formed, how they work and spread their cause - in the metropolitan region of Sao Paulo. The initial working hypothesis is that the vegan activism is a form of social change, taking into account the questions that make the consumption of products and services that involve the use of animals. The study begins with a characterization of various aspects of vegetarianism - including veganism - considering in this analysis some key concepts of Pierre Bourdieu s theoretical approach, including some his concepts as habitus, taste, symbolic violence and lifestyles. Beyond Bourdieu's reference in the field of social sciences, three other authors, philosophers Peter Singer and Tom Regan and a lawyer, Gary Francione, are presented as theoretical thinker that contribute with some concepts - sentience, speciesism, animal welfare, among others - that serve of theoretical and practical reference to the action of vegans, on which I present a panel of its organization, operation and dissemination of ideas, analyzing their contributions to social change. I adopted a methodology that combines various techniques of quantitative and qualitative profile, as in-depth personal interviews, the online survey, interview by email only with open questions, ethnographic observation and virtual ethnography. A total of 230 vegetarians were interviewed to understand the vegetarian origins, considering the various types of vegetarians (lacto vegetarianism, egg vegetarianism, lacto egg vegetarianism and strict vegetarian or vegan), the differences between the regime and vegetarian eating habits, the main reasons for becoming vegetarian - health, religion, ecology, economics, ethics - as well as pointing out the profile, the characteristics of the lifestyle and the symbolic violence suffered by vegetarians in their daily lives. In this sense, the dissertation is inserted in the field of social sciences, particularly focused on anthropology of consumption, on appropriations and on uses
Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo investigar o ativismo vegano como se constitui, como se organizam os grupos e coletivos que o formam, como atuam e difundem sua causa na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. A hipótese inicial de trabalho é a de que o ativismo vegano representa uma forma de transformação social, levando em conta o questionamento que fazem do consumo de produtos e serviços que envolvem a utilização de animais. O estudo inicia com uma caracterização das várias vertentes do vegetarianismo entre as quais o veganismo , considerando em sua análise alguns conceitos-chave da abordagem teórica presente na obra de Pierre Bourdieu, como habitus, gosto, violência simbólica e estilos de vida. Além de Bourdieu, referência no campo das Ciências Sociais, três outros autores, os filósofos Peter Singer e Tom Regan, e o jurista Gary Francione, são apresentados como teóricos que contribuem com conceitos senciência, especismo, bem-estarismo, entre outros que servem de referência teórica e prática à ação dos veganos, sobre os quais apresento um painel de sua organização, atuação e difusão de ideias, analisando, por fim, sua contribuição para possíveis transformações sociais. Foi adotada uma estratégia metodológica que combina diversas técnicas de perfil qualitativo e quantitativo, como a entrevista em profundidade presencial, o questionário on line, a entrevista por e-mail somente com questões abertas, a observação etnográfica e a etnografia virtual. No total foram entrevistados 230 vegetarianos para dar conta de apresentar as origens vegetarianas do ativismo vegano, a partir do detalhamento dos diversos tipos de vegetarianismos (lactovegetarianismo, ovovegetarianismo, ovolactovegetarianismo e o vegetarianismo estrito ou vegano) existentes, as diferenças entre regime e prática alimentar vegetarianos, as principais motivações para tornar-se vegetariano saúde, religião, ecologia, economia, ética , além de apontar o perfil, as características do estilo de vida e as violências simbólicas sofridas por eles em seu dia a dia. Nesse sentido, a dissertação insere-se no campo das Ciências Sociais, particularmente voltada para uma antropologia dos estudos do consumo, das apropriações e dos usos
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Troncale, Rawls Shannon. "Sustained efforts and collective claims : the social influence of the vegan movement from 1944 to present." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4135.
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Watkins, Gareth. "Animal suffering in factory farming and the best way to prevent it." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003736.
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This thesis moves beyond the traditional approaches of how we ought to treat animals, and instead concentrates on the best strategy for preventing animal suffering in the farming industry. Chapter 1 considers the question of how we can know that animals feel pain, and concludes not only that it is rational to believe that they can, but also that this is a significant fact. Chapter 2 then analyses one possible strategy for helping to prevent animal suffering, namely demi-vegetarianism. For a number of reasons, however, this strategy is found to be flawed, therefore Chapter 3 analyses a second possible strategy, namely vegetarianism, and concludes that this is, in fact, the best strategy for helping to prevent animal suffering in the farming industry.
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Lennmark-Appelbom, Zarah, and Alexandra Lich. "Restaurangpersonalens kunskap om vegetarisk kost." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-51926.
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Hecht, Jaime Deborah. "The vegetarian social movement an analysis of withdrawal and backsliding." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4919.
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The vegetarian social movement is a "new" social movement based in lifestyle and cultural change. New social movements hold a strong emphasis on collective identity and social networks as a means to sustain participation. The majority of the social movement literature remains focused on movement engagement and mobilization while a large gap exists regarding disengagement. This project explores the barriers to vegetarian maintenance. The primary question answered is, why do some vegetarians and vegans backslide and withdraw from the practice? Fourteen individuals were interviewed to discover the social and cultural factors inherent in vegetarian instability. Over the course of the interviews, the project morphed into an analysis of why and how my respondents changed their food habits over time and what was the context that prompted these changes. Vegetarianism is a unique movement as definitions of what constitutes a vegetarian is rooted in the individual, idiosyncratic biographies of individuals. This study found the influence of family, traditions, labels/definitions, peers, gender and the lure of social status to be very significant regarding vegetarian flux. Results indicate that vegetarian membership is fluid and permeable, takes on a life course trajectory and is rooted within the context of many social and cultural factors. Uncovering the barriers to vegetarianism not only adds to the disengagement aspect of social movement research, but also hopes to aid movement leaders in overcoming this problem as well as further substantiate and progress the vegetarian social movement.ID: 029810377; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-67).
M.A.
Masters
Sociology
Sciences
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Coelho, Rita. "Veganism : Motivations and obstacles." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-88848.
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The interest in vegetarianism and veganism is increasing and the dietary option of abstaining from animal food products is currently a widely discussed and social relevant issue.The present study aims to provide a quantitative overview of the vegan diet, particularly the sociological aspects related to adoption, maintenance and obstacles connected with this diet. A web-based survey was conducted on facebook groups related tovegetarianism and veganism. 8531 participants (86.3% females) answered the survey, from those 6761 were vegan. Moral/ethical, animal and environmental protection, and health benefits seem to be the main reasons to adopt a vegan diet. Furthermore, demographic factors seem to have an effect on both the adoption and maintenance of a vegan diet. Younger participants appear to put more relevance on ethical/moral reasons, environmental and animal protection for adopting and maintaining a vegan diet. Living in a vegan household suggests less perceived difficulties and obstacles to the maintenance of a vegan diet and highers the relevance of moral/ethical reasons, environmental and animal protections as main motivations for a vegan diet. Also, being a female seems to higher health benefits as a source of inspiration to start a vegan diet but it also seems to increase the perceived difficulties.
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Sofia, Björkman, and Luckey Philip Ngwe. "Ett vegetariskt val." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Enheten för restauranghögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161770.
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Det finns många faktorer som påverkar det vegetariska matvalet och syftet med uppsatsen är att synliggöra dessa faktorer. Varför väljer individen att äta en vegetarisk kost? För att identifiera orsakerna valdes en kvalitativ metod där sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer genomfördes. Analysmetoden som användes för att ta fram uppsatsens tre teman var tematisk analys. Uppsatsen bygger även på tidigare forskning inom området där en redogörelse för vad en vegetarisk kost är och vad som kan påverka individen i hennes matval. Vidare redogörs det för hur respondenternas definition av en vegetarisk kost ser ut. Studiens resultat visar på att både yttre och inre faktorer påverkade respondenterna i deras val av en vegetarisk kost. Resultatet diskuterades med teorin symbolisk interaktionism.
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Smart, Andrew David. "Instigating change in a globalised social environment : the impact of globalisation upon the promotion of vegetarianism in the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/367.
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In this thesis I examine globalisation as an ongoing social change to understand how it is routinely reproduced by social actors. To do this I consider the impacts of globalisation in an existing social setting and use a conceptual framework from the sociological literature to interpret and explain the evidence. The empirical materials were gathered during an ethnographic case study of The Vegetarian Society - an interest group that actively promoted social change by presenting everyday individual food consumption in the manner of reflexive 'life politics'. I use the concepts of 'interpenetration', 'relativisation', 'detraditionalisation' and 'institutional reflexivity' to indicate that processes of globalisation were routinely reproduced as contexts and consequences of the organisation's motivated social activity. I define globalisation as a change evident in individual consciousness, social systems and in the reflexive relation between them and accordingly, the findings centre on three issues. The first is the use of global images and language in the promotional literature (instrumentally recontextualised to promote vegetarianism) and its relation to global consciousness. The second is the relations between The Vegetarian Society and other agents within globalised social systems (where negotiations to initiate change often required compromise and pragmatism) and the contribution to systemic reproduction. The third is The Vegetarian Society's changing role (as vegetarianism entered the 'mainstream') where it was reflexively repositioning to continue achieving its aims in a 'post-traditional' (global) social order. The Vegetarian Society was enabled and constrained by these intersecting processes of globalisation as it continued to instigate change within globalised social structures (evident in changing opportunities and emerging dilemmas). In this case study, ongoing globalisation was produced and reproduced as an unintended consequence of a social actor's purposeful, localised activity.
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Dantas, Bianca Salles 1977. "O cinema animalista : a imagem em/no movimento pelos animais." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/285230.
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Orientador: Fernão Vitor Pessoa de Almeida RamosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes
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Resumo: A presente dissertação tem por objetivo mapear e analisar como se configura o que aqui denominamos como cinema animalista e as relações com o movimento social que o originou. Traçaremos o seu desenvolvimento em paralelo ao avanço do movimento social desdobrado na Inglaterra a partir da década de 1970, detalhando a produção cinematográfica a fim de compreender como e com base em quais instrumentos esta produção cultural militante se formou e se configura hoje. Tendo em vista seu horizonte histórico, traçaremos uma linha progressiva em relacionamento com o movimento social nos Estados Unidos, em alguns países da Europa, e no Brasil. Investiremos na análise dos aspectos estilísticos, autorais e políticos no interesse de verificar se tais narrativas estão de fato propondo mudanças de paradigma, encorajando o pensamento contra-hegemônico e desafiando o especismo. Finalizamos o trabalho apresentando uma base de dados da produção cinematográfica animalista, oferecendo filmografia, sinopses e outras informações relevantes obtidas durante o processo de pesquisa
Abstract: This dissertation aims to map and analyze the shape of what is called here as animal rights cinema and its relationships with the social movement originated it. We shall trace its development in parallel with the expansion of the social movement emerged in England in the 1970s, detailing its filmmaking in order to understand how and based on what instruments this activist cultural production was formed and takes shape today. Considering its historical horizon, we shall draw a progressive thinking in relationship with the characteristics of the development of the social movement itself in the United States, some countries of Europe, and in Brazil. We shall emphasize an analysis based in stylistic, authorship and political aspects, verifying if these narratives are in fact proposing paradigm shifts, encouraging counter-hegemonic thinking and challenging speciesism. We end this work by presenting a database of animal cause filmmaking, offering filmography, synopses and other relevant information obtained during the research process
Mestrado
Multimeios
Mestra em Multimeios
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Williams, Rachel Lynn. "We Are Not These Bodies: Identity and Transcendence Among American Devotees of Krishna." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1337626069.
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Hallqvist, Johanna. "Framtagning av ett groddkärl - ett resultat av produktdesign med vegetariskt fokus." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20645.
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Denna rapport beskriver Johanna Hallqvists examensarbete om produktdesign och vegetarianism. Projektet har gått ut på att kombinera dessa ämnen och genom produktdesign som metod uppmuntra och underlätta för människor att äta och tillaga vegetarisk mat. Detta för att köttindustrin har en negativ påverkan på miljön och för att djur behandlas illa. Projektet har innefattat en litteraturstudie och en enkätundersökning för att analysera varför kött inte bör ätas samt för att undersöka hur situationen ser ut i Sverige idag. Vidare har en designprocess genomförts genom bland annat skissning, brainstorming och modellbygge. Resultatet blev ett groddkärl som ska underlätta groddning av bönor, linser och frön. Detta groddkärl kan vara en del i att uppmuntra användningen av dessa livsmedel och på så sätt minska klyftan mellan köttätare och vegetarianer.This report describes Johanna Hallqvist’s thesis on product design and vegetarianism. The project has consisted of combining these topics and through using product design as a method to encourage and facilitate people to eat and cook vegetarian food. The reason for this is because the meat industry has a negative impact on the environment and the animals are abused. The project has included a literature review and a survey to analyze why meat should not be eaten and to explore what the situation in Sweden is like is today. Furthermore, a design process has been implemented through sketching, brainstorming and modeling and led to a product that will facilitate sprouting of beans, lentils and seeds. This sprouting vessel can be a part in encouraging the consumption of these foods and thereby reduce the gap between meat eaters and vegetarians.
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Malesh, Patricia Marie. "RHETORICS OF CONSUMPTION: IDENTITY, CONFRONTATION, AND CORPORATIZATION IN THE AMERICAN VEGETARIAN MOVEMENT." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193934.
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Inquiry into how social movements affect change has historically been grounded in either sociology or communication studies and has focused primarily on collective action in public spheres. However, important movement activity also takes place in the private sphere between individuals. Such interactions fall outside of traditional definitions of collective action and are often absent from contemporary social movement theory.One social movement that cannot be studied adequately using existing theory and methods is the American ethical vegetarian movement. To correct this oversight in social movement theory, this dissertation undertakes a rhetorical study of the ethical vegetarian movement, focusing not only on collective action but also on the role of personal interaction in identity formation, participant recruitment, and participant mobilization. A major finding of this study is that personal interaction is the primary reason why individuals choose to adopt and advocate a vegetarian or vegan lifestyle. In order to establish how movement rhetoric works, the dissertation includes rhetorical analyses of cookbooks, organization literature, media representation, interviews with movement advocates, and vegetarian conversion narratives, collected through a national survey. The author explores the use and consequences of unintentional, religious, and embodied rhetoric as means of confrontation and conversion in the ethical vegetarian movement.In this dissertation, Patricia Malesh argues for an interdisciplinary approach to the study of social movements that includes inquiry into personal interaction as movement activity. Such an inquiry clarifies the relationship between personal and collective identities and deconstructs the dichotomy between private and public spheres. She also establishes a rhetorical definition of individual movements, which exposes the interplay between movement goals and methods of persuasion and helps differentiate between similar movements (e.g., vegetarian and animal rights movements) and align those that are seemingly unrelated (e.g., vegetarian and feminist movements). The author concludes by discussing the future of the ethical vegetarian movement in the face of globalization and incorporation. She argues that rhetoricians--those who study the practice and implications of communication--should contribute more consistently to the study of how social identity is negotiated through language and action in social movements.
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Carmichael, Richard. "Becoming vegetarian and vegan : rhetoric, ambivalence and repression in self-narrative." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6904.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis takes a discursive-rhetorical approach to becoming vegetarian and vegan. Previous studies have pointed to complexity and variety in definitions, types and criteria of vegetarianism, making `objective' studies difficult. Meat is also one of the most highly prized but ambivalently valued foodstuffs. The cultural and social meanings of diet in terms of `identities' are well established but the rhetorical approach taken here explores identity as accomplished through social practices of accounting. Rather than seeing variation and disagreement as problematic, analytic focus is on the complex and varied construction of social categories/identities in accounts and the practices of justification and criticism. Cultural ambivalences are recast as dilemmas of identity and account-giving. Diary and serial interview `case-material' was collected from 23 new and aspiring vegetarians and vegans. Participants' accounts are shown to handle a number of dilemmatic aspects of vegetarian/vegan identity; notably, a dilemma of moral superiority and a dilemma of abstinence. These dilemmas are discussed in terms of stereotype-avoidance, commitment, and the co-construction of self and Other. Such identity-management is argued to fundamentally involve relationships. Seen as contexts, texts and resources for account-giving, relationships highlight both local and biographical elements in self-construction, the inter-dependence of selfnarratives/ identities and the need for managing them, especially when identities are changed. A number of other rhetorical resources and practices used in the management of identity are also drawn out, including the discourses of lapsing, desire and temptation and accounts of suppression and repression. The management of dilemmas of accounting through presenting the self as ambivalent, conflicted and divided is underlined. Following recent work by Billig (e. g., 1999a), ambivalence and repression are further considered as discursive activities as well as claims. This leads to a discussion of identity, contradiction and repression in terms of prohibition, desire and transgression. It is suggested that becoming vegetarian or vegan may be characterised as a matter of narrating autobiographical change and the continued negotiation of various dilemmas of identity. Social psychological theories of identity and identity change are criticised and the importance of argumentation, ambivalence and commitment are emphasised. The value of a more `populated' case-study perspective within discursive psychology is also stressed and the study of discursive avoidance and repression is illustrated and recommended.
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Boyle, Joseph Edward. "Becoming Vegetarian: An Analysis of the Vegetarian Career Using an Integrated Model of Deviance." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27476.
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This dissertation attempts to explore the nature of a particular food consumption pattern using a number of different deviance theories in order to outline the career path of vegetarianism. Using semi-structured interviews with 45 practicing vegetarians from two regions of the United States, the career path of the vegetarians was developed around David Matzaâ s (1969) theory of becoming deviant. Within each stage of Matzaâ s classic work, more specific theories were applied to explain the friction between vegetarianism and the more socially-accepted practice of meat eating within the United States. The framework of the stages includes the affinity for, affiliation with, and signification of vegetarian ideology and practice. Each stage within the theory is also a stage in the development of the vegetarian identity. The more specific theories utilized to explain phenomena within each particular stage attempt to show a progression from initially being interested in the ideals and practice of vegetarianism to becoming and verbalizing as a mature, practicing vegetarian. Finally, the vegetarians interviewed were asked to give the prognosis for the future of vegetarianism.Ph. D.
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Sjöberg, Wilma. "A Vegetarian Re-Enchantment of the World : Subjective experiences, gender, and emotion in German Vegetarianism read through the member magazines of the Deutscher Vegetarier-Bund 1895-1931." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-143896.
Full textAbstract:
I denna uppsats analyseras det vegetariska subjektet med fokus på subjektiva upplevelser och genom detta belyses attraktioner och förändringar inom vegetarianismen mellan 1895–1931 i medlemstidskrifterna för Deutscher Vegetarier-Bund. Teoretiskt är uppsatsen grundad i subjektiviseringstesen med fokus på upplevelser, genus och känslor. Resultaten visar att ett skifte skedde från en rationell objektiv upplevelse till en subjektiv och känslostyrd upplevelse. Genomgående konstruerades den vegetariska livsstilen som en elitupplevelse och kontrasterades mot andra livsstilar. Det vegetariska subjektet var även könat och konstruerat med eller mot maskulina förväntningar. Genom analysen av genus och upplevelser har forskningen om tysk vegetarianism utökats. Vegetarianism kan genom analysen förstås som ett sätt att återförtrolla världen genom mystik och förundran.
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Siregar, Erna. "Assessing Plant-Based Food Lifestyle to Reduce Obesity Risk." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3413.
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Despite an increasing number of healthy lifestyles throughout the country, Americans, including Native Hawaiians, keep gaining weight. Unlike several American lifestyles that have resulted in weight gain within the American population, the vegetarian lifestyle is a scientifically proven method for decreasing body weight and maintaining the weight loss for more than 1 year. This study aimed to compare the lifestyle patterns of 4 vegetarian lifestyles and 1 nonvegetarian lifestyle among Native Hawaiians aged 21 and older using their body mass index (BMI). This quantitative study utilized a correlational design, which is particularly suitable for examining the relationship of BMI to eating lifestyle and such variables as physical activity. A survey with 18 questions was administered to participants (n = 300) who have chosen a specific lifestyle and have been following this lifestyle for 1 year or more. The main research question investigated the difference in the body weight of Native Hawaiians aged 21 and older who followed and maintained a vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian, semivegetarian, or nonvegetarian diet. Participants' BMI was affected by the factors of age, self-efficacy, disease status (high blood pressure, no health risks), and eating habits (Vegetarian Lifestyle Scale). While the Vegetarian Lifestyle Scale was a significant predictor of BMI, there was no significant difference in the effect of the 2 lifestyle classifications of nonvegetarian and vegetarian on BMI, after controlling for other relevant factors. This study aimed to effect social change in the Native Hawaiian community by demonstrating the health benefits of a plant-based diet and better informing public health officials to guide their development of more effective nutrition and weight loss programs for Native Hawaiians.
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Dvořáková, Anna. "Vegetariánství jako spotřebitelský trend." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197285.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this diploma thesis is a complete analysis of vegetarianism, as a consumer trend, including forecasts of future potential of this trend for the field of retailing in the Czech Republic. The thesis deals with the influence of various aspects of vegetarianism on the market in the Czech Republic. First, vegetarianism as such is characterized. The next chapter describes the supply side of vegetarian products on the Czech market, labeling of vegetarian food and its availability. Then, the thesis deals with with the consumer's purchasing decision-making process in relation to vegetarian products and marketing strategies that are used in relation to vegetarian products. The work is complemented by a questionnaire and a final SWOT analysis. In the thesis, a market potential of vegetarian products with one particular type of positioning was identified.
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Parry, Jovian Lang. "The New Visibility of Slaughter in Popular Gastronomy." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Humanities, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5312.
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Animal slaughter has recently become highly visible in popular food media. This thesis interrogates the myths, assumptions and ideologies underlying this so-called New Carnivore movement, through critical analysis of a range of popular gastronomic texts. Socially-constructed ideas about ‘reality’, ‘sentimentality’, ‘sacrifice’, and ‘redemption’
are intimately implicated in the process of animal slaughter, as are the notions of ‘good taste’ and social distinction. The domination of animals, demonstrated through the slaughter, butchery, and consumption of nonhuman bodies, is held to be an integral component in the performance of gender, as well as a means of reconnecting, via a kind of secular epiphany, with ‘Nature’ at its most authentic. As a hostile backlash against the social progress made by the animal advocacy and vegetarian movements, New Carnivorism denigrates vegetarianism and veganism as outdated, unfashionable, unnatural, puritanical and rude. Although these texts’ potential to inspire farmed animal welfare reform should not be ignored, New Carnivorism ultimately serves to naturalize, justify and promote the continued consumption of meat, and the continued exploitation of nonhuman animals, in Western societies.
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Lehto, Magnus. "Varför frigörelse för djuren? : En jämförande analys mellan Lewis Gompertz och Peter Singers djuretiska tänkande." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-140172.
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This study examines differences and similarities in how two animal ethicists living in different times have argued for a liberation of the animals, the basis for the study is Lewis Gompertz Moral Inquiries: On the Situation of Man and of Brutes (1824) and Peter Singers Animal Liberation (1975). The analysis has been conducted with a historical perspective where close reading and contextualization have been used to further understand both the sources and the authors. The investigation is limited to four themes: animal's ability to experience, to kill animals, using animals and products of animals, and finally the idea of equality. The study concludes that there are significant similarities between the arguments Gompertz and Singer use, and that their ideas are rooted in a view of equality where the ability to suffer and have needs should be fundamental for our moral caring towards other creatures. A significant difference between the authors is their relationship to reason, where Gompertz highlights the animals' ability to reason as a cause to treat them well while Singer dismisses the idea that such abilities are of any interest for our moral considerations. The study also points out that the differences in the authors' conclusions and arguments can be understood on the basis of the scientific and intellectual context they operate in, where Gompertz can be described as an enlightenment philosopher with a strong belief in the developable reason within creatures, while the modern-day philosopher Singer rather sees reason as excluding, not only of animals but also of human beings. For animals to be liberated from man's oppression, both writers argue that it is necessary for man to eat a vegetarian diet.
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van, Popering Ruben. "Jain Vegetarian Laws in the City of Palitana : Indefensible Legal Enforcement or Praiseworthy Progressive Moralism?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Centrum för tillämpad etik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119663.
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The city of Palitana, India, has become the first region known to legally install de facto meat bans, essentially making Palitana a vegetarian city by law. These legal steps seem to be the direct result of social pressure put on local legislators in the form of a mass hunger strike performed by local Jain monks. This thesis is aimed at discussing the background of this case, its connections to a broader general discussion of moral and ethical vegetarianism, and arguments in favor of and against the legal installment of a meat ban in the Palitana case. It is concluded that although the meat ban is ideologically and theoretically speaking ethically justifiable and defensible it is in practice, at least in its current form, not ethically desirable.
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Kluyts, Johan Francois. "Animal Liberation : 'n kritiese bespreking vanuit 'n filosofies-veekundige perspektief." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71888.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: 1. The purpose of the first chapter was to give a short introduction to the study. Philosophy is the search for wisdom; to know what a virtuous life is and to know what the morally correct thing to do is. Our lifelong relationship with animals, our attitudes towards them and the ways we treat them are some of the issues that beg philosophers to think. An important question in this regard is if it is morally correct to eat meat or should humans become vegetarian. To answer this question the „Animal Liberation‟ argument, as presented by Peter Singer, was critically analyzed. Does this argument balance our concern for animals with human interests? 2. To understand our attitude towards animals, reviews of the Judeo-Christian and philosophical traditions were done in Chapter 2. The different views related to these traditions were also discussed. The Judeo-Christian view is based on the interpretation of Genesis and the idea of human dominion. Philosophical views on the moral status of animals and moral consideration of animals can be classified in three categories namely indirect theories, direct-but-unequal theories and equal moral status theories. 3. The nature and extent of the current beef production debate was discussed in Chapter 3. The most important issues were the environmental impact of beef production, socio-economic and human health concerns as well as ethical issues related to the inhumane treatment of animals. It was then concluded that most attacks on beef production were biased and did not take context into account. 4. The „Animal Liberation‟ argument was critically analyzed from a logical perspective in Chapter 4, 5 and 6 by using the so called FRISCO approach – with emphasis on the Focus of the argument, Reasons given for the conclusion, the quality of Inferences, the Situation or context of the argument as well as the Clarity of the argument. This argument lacks objectivity and rationality. It includes a number of fallacies, false statements and emotional language. Ideas, concepts and principles were not applied consistently. The argument was therefore found to be unsound. 5. In Chapter 7 the conclusion was stated namely that the “animal liberation” approach could not formulate a sound argument for a vegetarian diet. The „Animal Liberation‟ argument was also unable to balance our concern for animals with human interests, in the process compromising human dignity and freedom. However, human attitudes towards animals and the treatment of animals need to be improved.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 1. Die doel van die eerste hoofstuk was om ʼn kort inleiding tot die studie te gee. Filosofie is die strewe en soeke na wysheid; om te weet wat ʼn deugsame lewe is, en om te weet wat moreel korrek en aanvaarbaar is. Ons verhouding met diere, ons ingesteldheid teenoor diere, asook die manier hoe ons diere behandel, is slegs enkele van die kwessies wat filosowe dwing om daaroor na te dink. ʼn Belangrike vraag in die verband is die volgende: Is dit moreel aanvaarbaar om vleis te eet, of moet die mens ʼn vegetariese dieet volg? Om hierdie vraag te beantwoord word die “Animal Liberation”-argument, soos aangebied deur Peter Singer, krities ontleed. Is hierdie argument in staat om ons kommer oor die behandeling van diere met menslike belange te balanseer? 2. Om die mens se houding en ingesteldheid teenoor diere beter te verstaan, word ʼn oorsig van die Joods-Christelike en filosofiese tradisies in Hoofstuk 2 gedoen. Die verskillende sienings, wat verband hou met hierdie tradisies, word ook kortliks bespreek. Die Joods-Christelike siening is gebaseer op ʼn spesifieke vertolking van Genesis en die idee van menslike heerskappy. Die filosofiese sienings van die morele status, en gevolglik ook die morele inagneming van diere, kan in drie kategorieë, naamlik indirekte teorieë, direk-maar-ongelyke teorieë en die gelyke-morele-status teorieë, opgedeel word. 3. Die aard en omvang van die beesvleisproduksie-debat word in Hoofstuk 3 bespreek. Die belangrikste kwessies, onderliggend aan hierdie debat, het betrekking op die omgewingsimpak van vleisproduksie, sosio-ekonomiese en menslike gesondheidskwessies, asook etiese kwessies wat verband hou met die onaanvaarbare behandeling van diere. Die gevolgtrekking is dat die meeste aanvalle op vleisproduksie eensydig is en ook nie konteks in ag neem nie. 4. Die “Animal Liberation”-argument word in Hoofstuk 4, 5 en 6 krities ontleed vanuit „n logiese perspektief met behulp van die sogenaamde FRISCO-metode – waarin die klem val op die Fokus van die argument, Redes wat aangevoer word vir die konklusie, die gehalte van die afleidings, die Situasie of konteks van die argument, en die helderheid van die argument. Die gevolgtrekking is dat die argument nie objektief en rasioneel is nie, en gebuk gaan onder denkfoute, vals stellings en emosionele taal. Idees, konsepte en beginsel word ook nie konsekwent toegepas nie. Die argument is dus nie betroubaar nie. 5. In Hoofstuk 7 word die bevinding van die tesis gestel, naamlik dat die “animal liberation” benadering nie „n betroubare argument vir ʼn vegetariese dieet kon formuleer nie. Die argument was ook nie in staat om ons kommer oor diere met menslike belange te balanseer nie, en het in die proses menslike waardigheid en vryheid gekompromitteer. Die mens se houding en behandeling van diere, moet egter verander.