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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vegetation-Atmosphere System

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vegetation-Atmosphere System'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 31 August 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Vegetation-Atmosphere System"

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Vella, Ryan, Matthew Forrest, Jos Lelieveld, and Holger Tost. "Isoprene and monoterpene simulations using the chemistry–climate model EMAC (v2.55) with interactive vegetation from LPJ-GUESS (v4.0)." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 3 (2023): 885–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-885-2023.

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Abstract. Earth system models (ESMs) integrate previously separate models of the ocean, atmosphere and vegetation into one comprehensive modelling system enabling the investigation of interactions between different components of the Earth system. Global isoprene and monoterpene emissions from terrestrial vegetation, which represent the most important source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the Earth system, need to be included in global and regional chemical transport models given their major chemical impacts on the atmosphere. Due to the feedback of vegetation activity involving intera

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Port, U., and M. Claussen. "Stability of the vegetation–atmosphere system in the early Eocene climate." Climate of the Past Discussions 11, no. 3 (2015): 1551–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-1551-2015.

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Abstract. We explore the stability of the atmosphere–vegetation system in the warm, almost ice-free early Eocene climate and in the interglacial, pre-industrial climate by analysing the dependence of the system on the initial vegetation cover. The Earth system model of the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology is initialised with either dense forests or bare deserts on all continents. Starting with desert continents, an extended desert remains in Central Asia in early Eocene climate. Starting with dense forest coverage, this desert is much smaller because the initially dense vegetation cover en

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Yoshioka, H. "Vegetation Isoline Equations for an Atmosphere–Canopy–Soil System." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 42, no. 1 (2004): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2003.817793.

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Kleidon, A., K. Fraedrich, and C. Low. "Multiple steady-states in the terrestrial atmosphere-biosphere system: a result of a discrete vegetation classification?" Biogeosciences 4, no. 5 (2007): 707–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-4-707-2007.

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Abstract. Multiple steady states in the atmosphere-biosphere system can arise as a consequence of interactions and positive feedbacks. While atmospheric conditions affect vegetation productivity in terms of available light, water, and heat, different levels of vegetation productivity can result in differing energy- and water partitioning at the land surface, thereby leading to different atmospheric conditions. Here we investigate the emergence of multiple steady states in the terrestrial atmosphere-biosphere system and focus on the role of how vegetation is represented in the model: (i) in ter

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Kleidon, A., K. Fraedrich, and C. Low. "Multiple steady-states in the terrestrial atmosphere-biosphere system: a result of a discrete vegetation classification?" Biogeosciences Discussions 4, no. 1 (2007): 687–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-4-687-2007.

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Abstract. Multiple steady states in the atmosphere-biosphere system can arise as a consequence of interactions and positive feedbacks. While atmospheric conditions affect vegetation productivity in terms of available light, water, and heat, different levels of vegetation productivity can result in differing energy- and water partitioning at the land surface, thereby leading to different atmospheric conditions. Here we investigate the emergence of multiple steady states in the terrestrial atmosphere-biosphere system and focus on the role of how vegetation is represented in the model: (i) in ter

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Wang, Fuyao, Michael Notaro, Zhengyu Liu, and Guangshan Chen. "Observed Local and Remote Influences of Vegetation on the Atmosphere across North America Using a Model-Validated Statistical Technique That First Excludes Oceanic Forcings*." Journal of Climate 27, no. 1 (2014): 362–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00080.1.

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Abstract The observed local and nonlocal influences of vegetation on the atmosphere across North America are quantified after first removing the oceanic impact. The interaction between vegetation and the atmosphere is dominated by forcing from the atmosphere, making it difficult to extract the forcing from vegetation. Furthermore, the atmosphere is not only influenced by vegetation but also the oceans, so in order to extract the vegetation impact, the oceanic forcing must first be excluded. This study identified significant vegetation impact in two climatically and ecologically unique regions:

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Yang, Peiqi, Wout Verhoef, and Christiaan van der van der Tol. "Unified Four-Stream Radiative Transfer Theory in the Optical-Thermal Domain with Consideration of Fluorescence for Multi-Layer Vegetation Canopies." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23 (2020): 3914. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12233914.

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Vegetation radiative transfer models (RTMs) are important tools to understand biosphere-atmosphere interactions. The four-stream theory has been successfully applied to solve the radiative transfer problems in homogeneous canopies for both incident solar radiation, thermal and fluorescence emission since 1984. In this note, we describe the development of a unified radiative transfer theory for optical scattering, thermal and fluorescence emission in multi-layer vegetation canopy, and provide a detailed mathematical derivation for the fluxes inside and leaving the canopy. This theory can be use

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Calvet, Jean-Christophe, Patricia de Rosnay, and Stephen G. Penny. "Editorial for the Special Issue “Assimilation of Remote Sensing Data into Earth System Models”." Remote Sensing 11, no. 18 (2019): 2177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11182177.

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This Special Issue is a collection of papers reporting research on various aspects of coupled data assimilation in Earth system models. It includes contributions presenting recent progress in ocean–atmosphere, land–atmosphere, and soil–vegetation data assimilation.

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Delire, Christine, Nathalie de Noblet-Ducoudré, Adriana Sima, and Isabelle Gouirand. "Vegetation Dynamics Enhancing Long-Term Climate Variability Confirmed by Two Models." Journal of Climate 24, no. 9 (2011): 2238–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jcli3664.1.

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Abstract Two different coupled climate–vegetation models, the Community Climate Model version 3 coupled to the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (CCM3–IBIS) and the Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique’s climate model coupled to the Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystems model (LMDz–ORCHIDEE), are used to study the effects of vegetation dynamics on climate variability. Two sets of simulations of the preindustrial climate are performed using fixed climatological sea surface temperatures: one set taking into account vegetation cover dynamics and the other keeping the vegetation cove

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Dekker, S. C., H. J. de Boer, V. Brovkin, K. Fraedrich, M. J. Wassen, and M. Rietkerk. "Biogeophysical feedbacks trigger shifts in the modelled vegetation-atmosphere system at multiple scales." Biogeosciences 7, no. 4 (2010): 1237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-7-1237-2010.

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Abstract. Terrestrial vegetation influences climate by modifying the radiative-, momentum-, and hydrologic-balance. This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the question whether positive biogeophysical feedbacks between vegetation and climate may lead to multiple equilibria in vegetation and climate and consequent abrupt regime shifts. Several modelling studies argue that vegetation-climate feedbacks at local to regional scales could be strong enough to establish multiple states in the climate system. An Earth Model of Intermediate Complexity, PlaSim, is used to investigate the resilien

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vegetation-Atmosphere System"

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Hughes, John K. "The dynamic response of the global atmosphere-vegetation coupled system." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397768.

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Rabbel, Inken [Verfasser]. "Analyzing feedbacks in a forest soil-vegetation-atmosphere system / Inken Rabbel." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1188731319/34.

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Chatterjee, Sumantra. "ESTIMATING EVAPOTRANSPIRATION USING REMOTE SENSING: A HYBRID APPROACH BETWEEN MODIS DERIVED ENHANCED VEGETATION INDEX, BOWEN RATIO SYSTEM, AND GROUND BASED MICRO-METEOROLOGICAL DATA." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1271602329.

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Bolinius, Damien Johann. "Methods to measure mass transfer kinetics, partition ratios and atmospheric fluxes of organic chemicals in forest systems." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för miljövetenskap och analytisk kemi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-136008.

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Vegetation plays an important role in the partitioning, transport and fate of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) in the environment. This thesis aimed at addressing two key knowledge gaps in our understanding of how plants exchange HOCs with the atmosphere: (1) To improve our understanding of the uptake of HOCs into, and transfer through, leaves of different plant species which can significantly influence the transport and fate of HOCs in the environment; and (2) To evaluate an experimental approach to measure fluxes of HOCs in the field. The methods presented in papers I, II and III cont

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Gutierrez, Cori Omar. "Relationship and feedback between LULC changes and hydroclimatic variability in Amazonia." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS123.

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La forêt amazonienne joue un rôle essentiel en tant que régulateur du système climatique et principal puits de carbone terrestre. Il contrôle les processus hydroclimatiques et atténue les effets des sécheresses grâce au couplage végétation-atmosphère. En fait, les forêts amazoniennes peuvent potentiellement affecter les régimes de précipitations grâce à des processus biophysiques tels que le recyclage de l'eau. Cependant, ces capacités ont été réduites au cours des dernières décennies en raison des perturbations du système climat-végétation ainsi que de l'intensification des sécheresses. Cela

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Brimelow, Julian Charles. "On the use of modelling, observations and remote sensing to better understand the Canadian prairie soil-crop-atmosphere system." 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4462.

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Thunderstorms have been identified as an important component of the hydrological cycle on the Canadian Prairies, a region that is postulated to have the potential to exert a detectable influence on convective precipitation in the summer. However, very little work has been undertaken exploring and elucidating those aspects of biophysical forcing on the Canadian Prairies that affect lightning activity during the summer months, the constraints under which any linkages operate, and the mechanisms by which surface anomalies modify the structure and moisture content of the convective boundary layer

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Tagarelli, Vito. "Analysis of the slope-vegetation-atmosphere interaction for the design of the mitigation measures of landslide risk in clayey slopes." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11589/161130.

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L’attività di ricerca affrontata dal dottorando riguarda l'evoluzione delle condizioni di equilibrio nel tempo in riferimento alla stabilità di frane clima-indotte. L'approccio seguito è principalmente legato al confronto tra analisi numeriche e dati di monitoraggio di campo, che sono di fondamentale importanza per poter determinare la veridicità delle previsioni numeriche. La ricerca mira innanzitutto ad identificare i principali fattori interni ed esterni da considerare per il replicare correttamente numericamente, le evidenze sul campo. Come tale in questa fase del lavoro, lo scopo è quell

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Books on the topic "Vegetation-Atmosphere System"

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Claussen, Martin, Anne Dallmeyer, and Jürgen Bader. Theory and Modeling of the African Humid Period and the Green Sahara. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.532.

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There is ample evidence from palaeobotanic and palaeoclimatic reconstructions that during early and mid-Holocene between some 11,700 years (in some regions, a few thousand years earlier) and some 4200 years ago, subtropical North Africa was much more humid and greener than today. This African Humid Period (AHP) was triggered by changes in the orbital forcing, with the climatic precession as the dominant pacemaker. Climate system modeling in the 1990s revealed that orbital forcing alone cannot explain the large changes in the North African summer monsoon and subsequent ecosystem changes in the

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Verschuur, Gerrit L. Impact! Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195101058.001.0001.

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Most scientists now agree that some sixty-five million years ago, an immense comet slammed into the Yucatan, detonating a blast twenty million times more powerful than the largest hydrogen bomb, punching a hole ten miles deep in the earth. Trillions of tons of rock were vaporized and launched into the atmosphere. For a thousand miles in all directions, vegetation burst into flames. There were tremendous blast waves, searing winds, showers of molten matter from the sky, earthquakes, and a terrible darkness that cut out sunlight for a year, enveloping the planet in freezing cold. Thousands of sp

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Book chapters on the topic "Vegetation-Atmosphere System"

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Shuttleworth, W. James. "The Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Interface." In Energy and Water Cycles in the Climate System. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76957-3_13.

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Satoh, Takashi, Michiaki Sugita, Tsutomu Yamanaka, Maki Tsujimura, and Reiichiro Ishii. "Water Dynamics Within the Soil–Vegetation–Atmosphere System in a Steppe Region Covered by Shrubs and Herbaceous Plants." In The Mongolian Ecosystem Network. Springer Japan, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54052-6_5.

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"Transport processes in the soil-vegetation-lower atmosphere system." In Fluid Mechanics of Environmental Interfaces. CRC Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b13079-20.

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"Transport processes in the soil-vegetation-lower atmosphere system." In Fluid Mechanics of Environmental Interfaces. Taylor & Francis, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203895351-16.

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Artaxo, Paulo. "The Atmospheric Component of Biogeochemical Cycles in the Amazon Basin." In The Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195114317.003.0006.

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Tropical forests, with their high biological activity, have the potential to emit large amounts of trace gases and aerosol particles to the atmosphere. The accelerated development and land clearing that is occurring in large areas of the Amazon basin suggest that anthropogenic effects on natural biogeochemical cycles are already occurring (Gash et al. 1996). The atmosphere plays a key role in this process. The tropics are the part of the globe with the most rapidly growing population, the most dramatic industrial expansion and the most rapid and pervasive change in land use and land cover. Als

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Houghton, R. A. "Effects of Land-Use Change, Surface Temperature, and CO2 Concentration on Terrestrial Stores of Carbon." In Biotic Feedbacks in the Global Climatic System. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086409.003.0024.

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Abstract Two questions are addressed in this chapter. First, are there feedbacks between the earth’s environment and the amount of carbon held in terrestrial ecosystems? More specifically, will a warmer earth with higher concentrations of CO2 in its atmosphere store more or less carbon in vegetation and soil than the current earth? The time frame of interest is years to decades, and consideration is given to metabolic processes (productivity and respiration) rather than to migration of species or ecotones. The question is addressed from the perspective of the global carbon balance over the las

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Graf, William L. "Plutonium in the Rio Grande System." In Plutonium and the Rio Grande. Oxford University Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195089332.003.0012.

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The water, sediment, landform, and vegetation systems of the Northern Rio Grande provide the environmental framework within which plutonium moves and is stored. Plutonium enters the Northern Rio Grande from two sources: atmospheric fallout and releases from operations of Los Alamos National Laboratory that enter the main stream by transport through Los Alamos Canyon. This chapter describes the nature and timing of plutonium loading in the river’s sediment system as a means of identifying those years when sedimentation is likely to have accumulated those deposits with the highest concentrations

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Pielke, Roger A., and Nolan J. Doesken. "Climate of the Shortgrass Steppe." In Ecology of the Shortgrass Steppe. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195135824.003.0006.

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The climate of a region involves the short- and long-term interaction among the atmospheric, hydrologic, ecologic, oceanographic, and cryospheric components of the earth’s environmental system (Hayden, 1998; Pielke, 1998, 20 01a,b). These interactions occur across a ll spatial and temporal scales, from turbulence generated by diurnal cycles at a landscape scale, to globalscale circulation. The establishment of particular ecosystem types is associated with a nonlinear feedback between the atmosphere and the underlying vegetation (Pielke a nd Vidale, 1995). Wang a nd E ltahir (20 0 0) and Clauss

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Bararzadeh Ledari, Masoumeh, and Reza Bararzadeh Ledari. "Nature as a Teacher for Abiota Self-Organization in Terms of Entropy Analysis." In Exergy - New Technologies and Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109817.

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In this chapter, the various terms of entropy generation in terrestrial systems and the atmosphere are estimated by imitating the entropy analysis of a steam power generation (STPG). The highest entropy generation is associated with the outgoing longwave radiation flux (more than 20–200 times the downward solar radiation). The results indicate that the most significant terms of entropy generation (heat dissipation) in different processes are related to latent and sensible heat fluxes (similar to steam generation and flue gas of the STPG). The vegetation cover (boiler system) destroys a part of

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Chitra-Tarak, Rutuja, Jessica F. Needham, Adam Hanbury-Brown, et al. "Advancing Our Understanding of Tropical Forests and Improving the Predictive Capability of Vegetation Models with Data–Model Integration at Barro Colorado Island." In The First 100 Years of Research on Barro Colorado: Plant and Ecosystem Science. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.26880805.

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<p dir="ltr">Tropical forests cycle large amounts of water, carbon, and energy between the land and atmosphere and are therefore essential components of the Earth system that must be adequately represented in models that predict the Earth’s future climate. Representing the structural and functional complexity of tropical forests requires the ability to make detailed observations to inform model algorithms and parameters. In this chapter, we show how decades of data collection at Barro Colorado Island (BCI) have contributed to the development and testing of large-scale vegetation models a

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Conference papers on the topic "Vegetation-Atmosphere System"

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Miura, Munenori, Kenta Obata, and Hiroki Yoshioka. "Vegetation isoline equations for atmosphere-canopy-soil system of layer with second order interaction term." In SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, edited by Wei Gao, Thomas J. Jackson, and Jinnian Wang. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.860432.

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Josifovski, Josif, Bojan Susinov, and Aleksandra N. Atanasovska. "Experimental and numerical modeling of soil-vegetation-atmospheric interaction on slopes and erosion control using biopolymers and vegetation." In 4th European Regional Conference of IAEG. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5592/co/euroengeo.2024.153.

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The impact of climate change on the infrastructure is alarming, thus creating several challenges that affect their lifespan and transport safety. The large temperature variations and more frequent intense rainfalls are seen as the main contributing factors for soil instabilities, landslides, and erosion. To understand the soil-vegetation-atmospheric interaction a holistic approach has been used that combines theoretical results and laboratory testing, as well as experimental and numerical modeling. The hypothesis that intense rainfalls can have a significant impact on slope stability has been

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SASNAUSKIENĖ, Jurgita, Nomeda SABIENĖ, Vitas MAROZAS, Laima ČESONIENĖ, and Kristina LINGYTĖ. "SOIL RESPIRATION IN STANDS OF DIFFERENT TREE SPECIES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.106.

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Forest ecosystems of different tree species participate actively in climatic and biotic processes, such as photosynthesis, plant and soil respiration, therefore knowledge of soil respiration, especially of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere is of great importance. The aim of the study was to determine soil respiration rate of stands of deciduous (Betula pubescens Ehrh., Quercus robur L.) and coniferous (Larix eurolepis Henry, Thuja occidentalis L.) tree species as well as impact of abiotic (soil temperature, humidity, electrical conductivity, pH) and biotic (abundance of undergrowth, shrub, herbs

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Diwakar, Philip, and Jonathan Berkoe. "Safety and Reliability Studies Using Analysis Tools." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-37338.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics and Computational Structural Mechanics (also called Finite Element Analysis of FEA) and a combination of the two — Fluid Solid Interaction (FSI) — have long been used for safety of Personnel in Industry. This paper gives four examples of using these tools for designing equipment and mitigations to provide a safe and amenable working environment for personnel. The first example deals with the use of CFD to resize or relocate exhaust stacks — to prevent personnel working on an adjacent elevated platform being exposed to hot gasses or low oxygen levels — under high wi

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Živković, Vladimir B., Miroslav V. Kljajić, Aleksandar D. Milenković, and Lazar D. Jeremić. "REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDES ON UNITS A3-A6 OF THE THERMAL POWER PLANT „NIKOLA TESLA A“ BY IMPLEMENTING SECONDARY METHODS." In IX Regional Conference Industrial Energy and Environmental Protection in the Countries of Southeast Europe. Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia,, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/ieep24.309z.

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The use of coal, petroleum products, natural gas as well as municipal and industrial waste for energy production in combustion plants causes pollution emitted with flue gases. Nitrogen oxides (NOx), one of the main pollutants, are produced in large quantities, even under optimized combustion conditions. Due to the reaction of nitrogen oxides with other compounds in the atmosphere, ozone can be formed, resulting in the so-called summer smog. Other waste products, such as nitric acid, lead to acid rain and reach water and soil. This results in an increase in nitrates and a negative impact on peo

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Ren, Guangyao, Xiaoling Pan, and Xinchun Liu. "Statistic self-similarity at the border of vegetation patchiness: system behavior of the interior dynamic which adapts the exterior environment." In Third International Asia-Pacific Environmental Remote Sensing Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere, Ocean, Environment, and Space, edited by Xiaoling Pan, Wei Gao, Michael H. Glantz, and Yoshiaki Honda. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.466495.

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Oforiwaa, Priscilla, Xiaole Zhang, and Guofeng Su. "A Policy Driven Vegetative Foodchain Model: Soil-Plant Transfer in Chinese Organic Soil." In 2024 31st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone31-132442.

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Abstract Radionuclides can be released into the terrestrial environment from nuclear facilities through particulate matter or gases. The deposition of radionuclides in vegetation and soil is the starting point for their transfer into the terrestrial environment and food chain. Two main depositional processes remove pollutants from the atmosphere. Interception is defined as the portion of radionuclides deposited by wet and dry deposition that is initially retained by vegetation. While the retained radionuclides are subsequently weathered into the soil, the initially intercepted fraction is a ve

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Мамедов, Т. С., and Ш. Ф. Ашрафова. "IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON VEGETATION IN THE ABSHERON PENINSULA." In Сотрудничество ботанических садов в сфере сохранения ценного растительного генофонда. Материалы Международной научной конференции, посвященной 10-летию Совета ботанических садов стран СНГ при МААН. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35102/cbg.2022.55.57.063.

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Изменение климата является одной из глобальных проблем современности, и повышение среднегодовой температуры в нашей стране за последние 100 лет до 0,4-1,3 °С сказалось на структуре и функционировании культурных экосистем Апшеронского полуострова. С целью изучения влияния изменения климата на полуостров были проведены дендрохронологические и дендроклиматологические исследования, проведен анализ лесных оценок. В ходе исследования установлено, что увеличение содержания углекислого газа в лесах вследствие изменения климата на Большом и Малом Кавказе повлияло на динамику роста, фенологию роста, кор

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Reports on the topic "Vegetation-Atmosphere System"

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Wilson, D., Daniel Breton, Lauren Waldrop, et al. Signal propagation modeling in complex, three-dimensional environments. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40321.

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The Signal Physics Representation in Uncertain and Complex Environments (SPRUCE) work unit, part of the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Army Terrestrial-Environmental Modeling and Intelligence System (ARTEMIS) work package, focused on the creation of a suite of three-dimensional (3D) signal and sensor performance modeling capabilities that realistically capture propagation physics in urban, mountainous, forested, and other complex terrain environments. This report describes many of the developed technical capabilities. Particular highlights are (1) creation of a Java

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