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Journal articles on the topic 'Velocity spectrometry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Kim, Myung Hwa, Brian D. Leskiw, Lei Shen, and Arthur G. Suits. "Velocity map imaging mass spectrometry." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 252, no. 1 (2006): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2006.01.030.

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2

Jacobsen, A. S., M. Salewski, J. Eriksson, et al. "Velocity-space sensitivity of neutron spectrometry measurements." Nuclear Fusion 55, no. 5 (2015): 053013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/55/5/053013.

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3

Srama, Ralf, Wolfgang Woiwode, Frank Postberg, et al. "Mass spectrometry of hyper-velocity impacts of organic micrograins." Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 23, no. 24 (2009): 3895–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.4318.

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4

Coghill, Peter J., Michael J. Millen, and Brian D. Sowerby. "On-Line Particle Size Analysis Using Ultrasonic Velocity Spectrometry." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 14, no. 3 (1997): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.199700024.

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5

Brouard, M., E. K. Campbell, A. J. Johnsen, C. Vallance, W. H. Yuen, and A. Nomerotski. "Velocity map imaging in time of flight mass spectrometry." Review of Scientific Instruments 79, no. 12 (2008): 123115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3036978.

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6

Bull, James N., Jason W. L. Lee, Sara H. Gardiner, and Claire Vallance. "Account: An Introduction to Velocity-Map Imaging Mass Spectrometry (VMImMS)." European Journal of Mass Spectrometry 20, no. 2 (2014): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/ejms.1264.

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7

Winter, B., E. Halford, and M. Brouard. "Velocity corrected ion extraction in microscope mode imaging mass spectrometry." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 356 (December 2013): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2013.09.012.

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8

Li, Yu-Fan, Dong-Mei Zhao, Wen-Chang Zhou, et al. "Nonlinear response of phosphor screen used in velocity map imaging spectrometry." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 442 (August 2019): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2019.04.007.

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9

Gundlach-Graham, Alexander, Elise A. Dennis, Steven J. Ray, et al. "Laser-ablation sampling for inductively coupled plasma distance-of-flight mass spectrometry." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 30, no. 1 (2015): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ja00231h.

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10

Doms, Marco, and Jörg Müller. "Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of a Micro Vapor-Jet Vacuum Pump." Journal of Fluids Engineering 129, no. 10 (2007): 1339–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2776968.

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A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) vapor-jet pump for vacuum generation in miniaturized analytical systems, e.g., micro-mass-spectrometers (Wapelhorst, E., Hauschild, J., and Mueller, J., 2005, “A Fully Integrated Micro Mass Spectrometer,” in Fifth Workshop on Harsh-Environment Mass Spectrometry;Hauschild, J., Wapelhorst, E., and Mueller, J., 2005, “A Fully Integrated Plasma Electron Source for Micro Mass Spectrometers,” in Ninth International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences (μTAS), pp. 476–478), is presented. A high velocity nitrogen or water vapor jet i

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11

Månsson, Erik P., Vincent Wanie, Mara Galli, et al. "High-resolution mass spectrometry and velocity map imaging for ultrafast electron dynamics in complex biomolecules." EPJ Web of Conferences 205 (2019): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920503007.

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We present a design combining a velocity map imaging electron spectrometer with a reflectron mass spectrometer. Since the two spectrometer sides have different intrinsic requirements for the electric field in the central region, a large number of electrodes and a reflectron-geometry of the mass spectrometer were employed to achieve simultaneous high resolutions. Together with femtosecond and attosecond pump-probe methods it will enable studies of ultrafast dynamics in large molecular systems.

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12

Poterya, Viktoriya, Dana Nachtigallová, Jozef Lengyel, and Michal Fárník. "Photodissociation of aniline N–H bonds in clusters of different nature." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 38 (2015): 25004–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp04485e.

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The solvent effects on the photodissociation of aniline in cluster environments have been investigated by H-photofragment velocity map imaging at 243 nm, mass spectrometry after electron ionization, and ab initio calculations.

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13

Loo, R. Ogorzalek, G. E. Hall, H. P. Haerri, and P. L. Houston. "State-resolved photofragment velocity distributions by pulsed extraction time-of-flight mass spectrometry." Journal of Physical Chemistry 92, no. 1 (1988): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100312a002.

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14

Gustafson, Elaura L., Halle V. Murray, Tabitha Caldwell, and Daniel E. Austin. "Accurately Mapping Image Charge and Calibrating Ion Velocity in Charge Detection Mass Spectrometry." Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 31, no. 10 (2020): 2161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jasms.0c00263.

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15

van der Heide, P. A. W. "Inverse velocity trends in secondary ion mass spectrometry; a new method for quantification?" Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 86, no. 3-4 (1994): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(94)95303-1.

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16

Billings, Stephen, and Jens Hovgaard. "Modeling detector response in airborne gamma‐ray spectrometry." GEOPHYSICS 64, no. 5 (1999): 1378–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444643.

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A geometrical detector model of airborne gamma‐ray spectrometry is presented for data acquired using a rectangular detector of arbitrary dimensions. The detector response is modeled by calculating variations in solid angle and detector thickness for sources at different orientations. This gives the total count rate, which is then multiplied by a factor, assumed independent of orientation, to give the peak count rate. The model shows excellent agreement with experimental data collected using a 4.2-liter detector and with Monte Carlo simulations of a 16.8-liter detector. Results for the 4.2-lite

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17

Shuai, P., X. Xu, Y. H. Zhang, et al. "An improvement of isochronous mass spectrometry: Velocity measurements using two time-of-flight detectors." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 376 (June 2016): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2016.02.006.

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18

Wittmaack, K. "The ‘infinite velocity method’: a means of concentration calibration in secondary ion mass spectrometry?" Surface Science 429, no. 1-3 (1999): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(99)00341-6.

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19

Taatjes, Craig A. "How does the molecular velocity distribution affect kinetics measurements by time-resolved mass spectrometry?" International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 39, no. 10 (2007): 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.20262.

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20

Winter, B., S. J. King, M. Brouard, and C. Vallance. "A fast microchannel plate-scintillator detector for velocity map imaging and imaging mass spectrometry." Review of Scientific Instruments 85, no. 2 (2014): 023306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4866647.

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21

Skog, Göran, Ragnar Hellborg, and Bengt Erlandsson. "Accelerator Mass Spectrometry at the Lund Pelletron Accelerator." Radiocarbon 34, no. 3 (1992): 468–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200063700.

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Three years ago, funds were raised to equip the 3 MV Pelletron accelerator at the Department of Physics, Lund University for accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS). We have modified the accelerator for mass spectroscopy by relocating focusing devices on both the low- and high-energy side of the accelerator and installing a Wien velocity filter and detectors for measuring the particle energy (E) and energy loss (ΔE). We have been working exclusively with 14C during the initial period. About 40 samples of elemental carbon have been produced, using Fe or Co as catalyst, during the last two years. Th

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22

Kahen, Kaveh, Kaveh Jorabchi, Callum Gray, and Akbar Montaser. "Spatial Mapping of Droplet Velocity and Size for Direct and Indirect Nebulization in Plasma Spectrometry." Analytical Chemistry 76, no. 24 (2004): 7194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac048954l.

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23

Salewski, M., M. Nocente, A. S. Jacobsen, et al. "MeV-range velocity-space tomography from gamma-ray and neutron emission spectrometry measurements at JET." Nuclear Fusion 57, no. 5 (2017): 056001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/aa60e9.

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24

Cai, Yi-Hong, Yin-Hung Lai, and Yi-Sheng Wang. "Coupled Space- and Velocity-Focusing in Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry—a Comprehensive Theoretical Investigation." Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry 26, no. 10 (2015): 1722–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13361-015-1206-y.

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25

Manning, Christopher J., and Peter R. Griffiths. "Noise Sources in Step-Scan FT-IR Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 8 (1997): 1092–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971941755.

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Step-scan Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry has been accepted as a useful tool for obtaining vibrational spectra of a variety of time-dependent systems. Unfortunately, a significant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) disadvantage has been associated with the step-scan mode of data collection relative to the same data collection time with conventional rapid-scan FT-IR spectrometry. The key difference between the two methods is the average mirror velocity, which alters the dynamic range of the detector signal, as well as the frequencies of its components. The SNR disadvantage is shown to

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26

Merrill, Wyatt G., F. Fleming Crim, and Amanda S. Case. "Dynamics and yields for CHBrCl2photodissociation from 215–265 nm." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 48 (2016): 32999–3008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp05061a.

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We characterize the energy partitioning and spin–orbit yields for CHBrCl<sub>2</sub>photodissociation. Resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization selectively detects the Br and Br* product channels. Time of flight mass spectrometry and velocity-map imaging permit measurement of relative quantum yields, as well as kinetic and internal energy distributions. We further interpret the energy partitioning through use of impulsive models.

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27

Yano, H., M. Nakahara, and H. Ito. "Water Blooms of Uroglena Americana and the Identification of Odorous Compounds." Water Science and Technology 20, no. 8-9 (1988): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1988.0227.

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Since July 1980, a strong fishy odor in the Nunobiki Reservoir has been associated with water blooms of the alga Uroglenaamericana (Chrysophyceae). According to ecological studies, water blooms were formed hourly by vertical and horizontal accumulation. The movement of organisms was affected by weather conditions, including the amount of sunlight and the direction and velocity of the wind. To identify the odorous compounds, samples of this species were collected from water blooms by a plankton net. The odorous compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), nuclear mag

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28

Teramoto, T., J. Adachi, M. Yamazaki, et al. "Extensive study on the C 1s photoionization of CS2molecules by multi-coincidence velocity-map imaging spectrometry." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 40, no. 20 (2007): 4033–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/40/20/006.

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29

van der Heide, P. A. W. "Comment on “The ‘infinite velocity method’: a means of concentration calibration in secondary ion mass spectrometry?”." Surface Science 453, no. 1-3 (2000): L328—L331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(00)00364-2.

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30

Svrčková, Pavla, Andriy Pysanenko, Jozef Lengyel, et al. "Photodissociation dynamics of ethanethiol in clusters: complementary information from velocity map imaging, mass spectrometry and calculations." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 39 (2015): 25734–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp00367a.

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31

Hadarcev, Aleksandr, G. Suhih, V. Platonov, et al. "CHROMATOGRAPHY AND MASS SPECTROMETRY OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF YARROW (ACHILLED MILLEFOLIUM L. COMMON DANDELION) (message III)." Clinical Medicine and Pharmacology 6, no. 3 (2020): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2409-3750-2020-6-3-41-46.

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The purpose of the study is to detail the information about the peculiarities of the chemical composition and structural organization of different groups of compounds of organic matter, yarrow, revealing the influence of nature of the extractant on the qualitative composition and quantitative content of extractable compounds in the obtained chloroform extract, and identifying new pharmacological actions of the latter, the extension of the range of compounds already known in the literature on herbal medicine. Materials and methods of research. The chemical composition of the chloroform extract

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32

Meyer, Stefan, Marek Tulej, and Peter Wurz. "Mass spectrometry of planetary exospheres at high relative velocity: direct comparison of open- and closed-source measurements." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 6, no. 1 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-6-1-2017.

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Abstract. The exploration of habitable environments on or inside icy moons around the gas giants in the solar system is of major interest in upcoming planetary missions. Exactly this theme is addressed by the JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) mission of ESA, which will characterise Ganymede, Europa and Callisto as planetary objects and potential habitats. We developed a prototype of the Neutral Gas and Ion Mass spectrometer (NIM) of the Particle Environment Package (PEP) for the JUICE mission intended for composition measurements of neutral gas and thermal plasma. NIM/PEP will be used to meas

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33

Vaida, Mihai E., and Thorsten M. Bernhardt. "Surface pump-probe femtosecond-laser mass spectrometry: Time-, mass-, and velocity-resolved detection of surface reaction dynamics." Review of Scientific Instruments 81, no. 10 (2010): 104103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3488098.

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34

Bull, James N., Jason W. L. Lee, and Claire Vallance. "Quantification of ions with identical mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios by velocity-map imaging mass spectrometry." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 15, no. 33 (2013): 13796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cp52219a.

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35

Wood, Kenneth. "Spectropolarimetric determination of circumstellar disc inclinations." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 162 (1994): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900214915.

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Inference of the density and velocity structure of rotating/expanding circumstellar discs/winds is of considerable interest in the understanding of stellar mass loss. High resolution line spectropolarimetry creates the possibility of diagnosing such envelope structure much more fully than broad band polarimetry or high resolution spectrometry alone since each element of the scattered spectropolarimetric profile picks out the element of the envelope with the appropriate Doppler shift and provides orientation information on it. This problem has been formulated in detail by Wood, et al (1993) for

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36

Wang, Xing Guo. "The Chrome Thin Coating Characteristics Using Ultrasonic Testing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.299.

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According to the different thickness of the thin coatings, the echo signal of ultrasonic testing was extracted. The sound velocity in the coating medium was obtained by solving the mathematical model for transfer function and the time delay spectrometry method, and the coating thickness was calculated, the comparison error of the calculated thickness and the actual thickness, combined with the actual thickness of the coating. The results showed that, two kinds of testing methods are able to detect thin coating thickness.

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37

Bard, Edouard, Maurice Arnold, Pierre Maurice, Josette Duprat, Jean Moyes, and Jean-Claude Duplessy. "Retreat velocity of the North Atlantic polar front during the last deglaciation determined by 14C accelerator mass spectrometry." Nature 328, no. 6133 (1987): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/328791a0.

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38

Shum, Sam C. K., Steve K. Johnson, Ho-Ming Pang, and R. S. Houk. "Spatially Resolved Measurements of Size and Velocity Distributions of Aerosol Droplets from a Direct Injection Nebulizer." Applied Spectroscopy 47, no. 5 (1993): 575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702934067108.

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Aerosol droplet sizes and velocities from a direct injection nebulizer (DIN) are measured with radial and axial spatial resolution by phase Doppler particle analysis (PDPA). The droplets on the central axis of the spray become finer and their size becomes more uniform when ≍ 20% methanol is added to the usual aqueous solvent. This could explain why the analyte signal is a maximum at this solvent composition when the DIN is used for inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Mean droplet velocities are 12 to 22 ms−1 with standard deviations of ±4 to ±7 ms−1. The outer fringes of the

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39

Akbarzadeh, Omid, Solhe F. Alshahateet, Noor Asmawati Mohd Zabidi, et al. "Effect of Temperature, Syngas Space Velocity and Catalyst Stability of Co-Mn/CNT Bimetallic Catalyst on Fischer Tropsch Synthesis Performance." Catalysts 11, no. 7 (2021): 846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070846.

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The effect of reaction temperature, syngas space velocity, and catalyst stability on Fischer-Tropsch reaction was investigated using a fixed-bed microreactor. Cobalt and Manganese bimetallic catalysts on carbon nanotubes (CNT) support (Co-Mn/CNT) were synthesized via the strong electrostatic adsorption (SEA) method. For testing the performance of the catalyst, Co-Mn/CNT catalysts with four different manganese percentages (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) were synthesized. Synthesized catalysts were then analyzed by TEM, FESEM, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), and zeta potential sizer. In this study

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40

HIGASHI, Yasuhiro, and Yoshikazu HOMMA. "Quantification Method Using the Inverse Velocity Dependence of Ion Intensities in Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry: the High-Energy Method." Analytical Sciences 14, no. 2 (1998): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/analsci.14.281.

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41

Wittmaack, K. "Reply to the ‘Comment on “The ‘infinite velocity method’: a means of concentration calibration in secondary ion mass spectrometry?”’." Surface Science 453, no. 1-3 (2000): L332—L335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0039-6028(00)00365-4.

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42

Chagovets, Vitaliy, Vladimir Frankevich, and Renato Zenobi. "Initial Velocity Distribution of MALDI/LDI Ions Measured by Internal MALDI Source Fourier-Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry." Journal of The American Society for Mass Spectrometry 25, no. 11 (2014): 1991–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13361-014-0971-3.

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43

Yang, Husheng, Peter R. Griffiths, and Christopher J. Manning. "Improved Data Processing by Application of Brault's Method to Ultra-Rapid-Scan FT-IR Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 10 (2002): 1281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370202760354984.

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In Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, the use of analog-to-digital converters clocked at a constant rate leads to interferograms the data points of which are evenly spaced in time. An interpolation step is generally required to resample these data to equal intervals of retardation. Three methods of resampling the data were compared: Fourier interpolation (i.e., zero-filling), cubic interpolation, and digital filter interpolation as described by Brault. These approaches were investigated using both simulated data and interferograms acquired from an ultra-rapid scanning Fourier transform i

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44

Farmer, D. K., J. R. Kimmel, G. Phillips, et al. "Eddy covariance measurements with high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry: a new approach to chemically-resolved aerosol fluxes." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 3, no. 6 (2010): 5867–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-3-5867-2010.

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Abstract. Although laboratory studies show that biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) yield substantial secondary organic aerosol (SOA), production of biogenic SOA as indicated by upward fluxes has not been conclusively observed over forests. Further, while aerosols are known to deposit to surfaces, few techniques exist to provide chemically-resolved particle deposition fluxes. To better constrain aerosol sources and sinks, we have developed a new technique to directly measure fluxes of chemically-resolved submicron aerosols using the high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectromet

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45

Asakawa, Daiki, Motoshi Sakakura, and Mitsuo Takayama. "Influence of initial velocity of analytes on in-source decay products in MALDI mass spectrometry using salicylic acid derivative matrices." International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 337 (March 2013): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijms.2012.12.008.

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46

Hearnshaw, J. B. "Cassegrain echelle spectroscopy with small telescopes." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 118 (1986): 371–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900151769.

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This paper comments on the growing use of cassegrain échelle spectrographs for high resolving power astronomical spectroscopy over the last two decades. Some of the theoretical and practical advantages of échelle spectrographs are outlined, as well as some of the problems that arise in their use. Design parameters of some recent échelle spectrographs in various observatories are summarised. A novel use of échelle spectrographs without a cross-dispersing element for radial velocity spectrometry is proposed. The design parameters of a fibre-fed échelle spectrograph that will achieve a resolving

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47

Silva, Bruno Guzzo, Ana Maria Frattini Fileti, Mary Ann Foglio, Paulo de Tarso Vieira Rosa, and Osvaldir Pereira Taranto. "Effects of Different Drying Conditions on Key Quality Parameters of Pink Peppercorns (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi)." Journal of Food Quality 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3152797.

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Pink peppercorns are among the most sophisticated condiments in the international cuisine. This culinary spice is obtained from dried fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, a species native to South America. In this work, a methodology for the assessment of pink peppercorn quality under various drying conditions was defined. Experiments were performed in a pilot tray dryer, which ensured integrity of the product. A central composite rotatable design with 11 experiments was devised to study the influence of drying air temperature (35–75°C) and air velocity (0.3–0.9 m/s) on product quality, a

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48

Zhang, Yimin, Yan Wang, Ligang Zheng, Tao Yang, Jianliang Gao, and Zhenhua Li. "Effect of Pristine Palygorskite Powders on Explosion Characteristics of Methane-Air Premixed Gas." Energies 11, no. 10 (2018): 2496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102496.

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In this study, pristine palygorskite powders were used as the inhibition materials to suppress the explosion of methane-air premixed gas for the first time. The composition, porosity and pyrolysis characteristics of the powders were tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), N2 adsorption-desorption and Thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) techniques. The effects of pristine palygorskite powders concentration on the explosion pressure and the average velocity of flame propagation of the 9.5% methane-air premixed gas were tested by a 20 L sph

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49

Li, Chen, Noel W. Solomons, Marilyn E. Scott, and Kristine G. Koski. "Anthropometry before Day 46 and Growth Velocity before 6 Months of Guatemalan Breastfed Infants Are Associated with Subclinical Mastitis and Milk Cytokines, Minerals, and Trace Elements." Journal of Nutrition 149, no. 9 (2019): 1651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz109.

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ABSTRACT Background Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland, but its association with human milk composition and infant growth is not well described. Objectives We investigated whether SCM, milk cytokines, and/or estimated intakes of milk minerals and trace elements were associated with infant anthropometry or growth velocity before 6 mo. Methods Breast milk was collected from Mam-Mayan mothers (n = 114) at both early (2–46 d) and established (4–6 mo) lactation. Concentrations of 9 elements (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese, se

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50

LILL, TH, H. G. BUSMANN, F. LACHER, and I. V. HERTEL. "${\rm C}^+_{60}$ IONS IN COLLISIONS WITH CRYSTALLINE SURFACES: KINEMATICS AND DYNAMICS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 10, no. 01 (1996): 11–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979296000039.

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Collisions of [Formula: see text] ions with surfaces of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), diamond (111) and heteroepitaxial fullerite films on mica in the impact energy range between 100 and 1500 eV are studied by mass, energy, and angle resolved time-of-flight mass spectrometry. For the graphite and diamond surfaces, highly inelastic scattering has been observed. The analysis of the velocity dependence of the scattered ions reveals that the normal and tangential component of the ion velocity have different significance for the collision dynamics. The normal component of the velocity

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