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1
Midha, Prem Anand. "Long-term patency of a polymer vein valve." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29721.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Bioengineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.Committee Chair: Ku, David; Committee Member: Gleason, Rudolph; Committee Member: Milner, Ross. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Tanner, Daniel Edward. "Design, analysis, testing, and evaluation of a prosthetic venous valve." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51758.
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Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) is characterized by chronic venous hypertension from blood pooling in the lower limbs. The resulting symptoms include leg pain, varicose veins, fatigue, venous edema, skin pigmentation, inflammation, induration, and ulceration. Reflux from incompetent venous valves is a factor in up to 94% of individuals with CVI. Current treatments of CVI include compression stockings, drug therapy, vein disabling, venous stenting, and surgical correction with varying rates of success. However, a minimally invasive correction of deep venous reflux does not currently exist. A transcatheter prosthetic venous valve has the potential to be an effective, minimally invasive treatment for deep venous reflux which could treat up to 1.4 million individuals in the United States suffering from venous ulceration and make more than 1.7 billion dollars each year. Previously developed prosthetic venous valves have had problems with competency, patency, thrombogenicity, biocompatibility, and incorrect sizing. To meet the clinical need a prosthetic valve needs to be developed which succeeds where previous valves have failed. This thesis describes the design, analysis, pre-clinical testing, and evaluation of a novel prosthetic venous valve. Design specifications for an effective prosthetic venous valve were created. Verification tests were developed and performed which demonstrated that the valve met every design specification. Finite element and computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to analyze the valve and calculated a maximum shear rate of 2300 s-1 in the valve during the high forward flow after a Valsalva maneuver. The valve is made of a biocompatible material that has low thrombogenicity, Poly(vinyl-alcohol) cryogel. On the average, the valve allows less than 0.5 mL/min of reflux at low and high retrograde pressures even after 500,000 cycles, indicating that it will reduce the reflux of individuals with venous reflux by more than 99.4%. The valve closes in less than 0.07 seconds and allows the distal pressure to rise to an average of 7% of the equilibrium pressure 30 seconds after a simulated ankle flexion. The valve increases the outflow resistance an average of 2.3 mmHg*min/L which is much less than obstruction levels,≥ 5 mmHg*min/L. The valve can fit in a 16 French catheter and is capable of percutaneous delivery. The base of the valve is 1.5 times the diameter of the vein in which it is to be implanted to help correct orientation upon deployment. Fluid behind the valve’s leaflets is ejected with a forward flow rate of 400 mL/min, suggesting that thrombus formation will not occur at this location. A stented valve remained patent in a porcine blood flow loop for 3 hours. The valve remains competent without buckling in a constricted vein at rest. The valve can expand to fit a vein with a maximum diameter 1.4 times the valve's initial diameter with low risk of tearing or leaflet prolapse. An IACUC protocol for a 12 week study to test the valve in sheep was prepared and approved. A study to evaluate the valve in humans is proposed with endpoints that can be tested for statistical significance and compared with other treatments for CVI. A set of valves which will correct reflux in the majority of common femoral, femoral, and popliteal deep veins is proposed and a sizing guide for surgeons is provided. The minimum distance between prosthetic valves placed in the same vein segment is 13 cm. A comparison of this valve with previously developed prosthetic venous valves and recommendations for work to be performed in the future are given. The valve proposed in this work is the only valve to meet all design specification for an effective prosthetic venous valve, and therefore shows great potential to be a minimally invasive treatment for deep venous reflux.
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Farrell, Laura-Lee Amelia Catherine. "Prosthetic Vein Valve: Delivery and In Vitro Evaluation." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007, 2007. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04042007-180135/.
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Sathe, Rahul D. "Design and Development of a Novel Implantable Prosthetic Vein Valve." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14495.
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Over seven million Americans suffer from Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), a painful and debilitating disease that affects the superficial and deep veins of the legs. Problems associated with CVI include varicose veins, bleeding, ulcerations, severe swelling, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism, which may lead to death. The presence of CVI results from damaged (incompetent) one-way vein valves in leg veins. These valves normally allow forward flow of blood to the heart, and prevent blood from pooling at the feet. However, incompetent valves allow reflux of blood, causing clinical problems.
There are few effective clinical therapies for treating CVI. Vein valve transplantation is a surgical option for treatment. However, it is often difficult to find suitable donor valves. Very few prosthetic valves developed in the past have demonstrated sufficient clinical or mechanical functionality. Persistent problems include thrombus formation, leaking valves, and valves that do not open at physiologic pressure gradient. The primary objective of this research was to develop a clinically relevant functional prosthetic vein valve.
The novel prosthetic valve is flexible, biocompatible, has low thrombogenecity, and is easy to manufacture. It was designed to address well-defined consumer needs and functional design requirements. The valve was required to 1) withstand 300 mmHg of backpressure with leakage less than 1.0 mL/min, 2) open with a pressure gradient less than 5 mmHg, and 3) meet criteria 1 and 2 after 500,000 cycles of operation. The valve met these design requirements in bench testing. The valve can open with a pressure gradient of 2.6 0.7 mmHg, and can withstand 300 mmHg with leakage less than 0.5 mL/min. The valve remained functional after opening and closing over 500,000 times. The valve presented in this research is operationally functional, and is a potential solution for treating venous incompetence in CVI patients.
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Anim, Kwaku. "Design, Development, Testing, and Evaluation of a Prosthetic Venous Valve." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1269252194.
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Raja, Vidya. "Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of a Prototypic, Prosthetic Venous Valve." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1186686575.
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Munger, Stephanie J., Xin Geng, R. Sathish Srinivasan, Marlys H. Witte, David L. Paul, and Alexander M. Simon. "Segregated Foxc2, NFATc1 and Connexin expression at normal developing venous valves, and Connexin-specific differences in the valve phenotypes of Cx37, Cx43, and Cx47 knockout mice." ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621343.
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Venous valves (VVs) are critical for unidirectional blood flow from superficial and deep veins towards the heart. Congenital valve aplasia or agenesis may, in some cases, be a direct cause of vascular disease, motivating an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of VVs. Three gap junction proteins (Connexins), Cx37, Cx43, and Cx47, are specifically expressed at VVs in a highly polarized fashion. VVs are absent from adult mice lacking Cx37; however it is not known if Cx37 is required for the initial formation of valves. In addition, the requirement of Cx43 and Cx47 for VV development has not been studied. Here, we provide a detailed description of Cx37, Cx43, and Cx47 expression during mouse vein development and show by gene knockout that each Cx is necessary for normal valve development. The valve phenotypes in the knockout lines exhibit Cx-specific differences, however, including whether peripheral or central VVs are affected by gene inactivation. In addition, we show that a Cx47 null mutation impairs peripheral VV development but does not affect lymphatic valve formation, a finding of significance for understanding how some CX47 mutations cause inherited lymphedema in humans. Finally, we demonstrate a striking segregation of Foxc2 and NFATc1 transcription factor expression between the downstream and upstream faces, respectively, of developing VV leaflets and show that this segregation is closely associated with the highly polarized expression of Cx37, Cx43, and Cx47. The partition of Foxc2 and NFATc1 expression at VV leaflets makes it unlikely that these factors directly cooperate during the leaflet elongation stage of VV development. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Grimes, Randall Young. "A theoretical and experimental analysis of mitral regurgitation and its interactions with pulmonary venous inflow." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17246.
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Goudot, Guillaume. "Applications innovantes des ultrasons en pathologie vasculaire : utilisation de l'imagerie ultrarapide dans l'analyse de la rigidité artérielle et des ultrasons pulsés en thérapie Arterial stiffening assessed by ultrafast ultrasound imaging gives new insight into arterial phenotype of vascular Ehlers–Danlos mouse models Aortic wall elastic properties in case of bicuspid aortic valve Segmental aortic stiffness in bicuspid aortic valve patients compared to first-degree relatives Wall shear stress measurement by ultrafast vector flow imaging for atherosclerotic carotid stenosis Pulsed cavitational therapy using high-frequency ultrasound for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis in an in vitro model of human blood clot." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. https://wo.app.u-paris.fr/cgi-bin/WebObjects/TheseWeb.woa/wa/show?t=2215&f=13951.
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Phillips, Mark N., and n/a. "Anatomy of microvenous valves of normal and venous ulcerated lower limbs." University of Otago. Dunedin School of Medicine, 2005. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060523.142055.
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Venous disease is a very common disease that affects millions of people worldwide. While some of the factors that cause the development of varicose veins are well understood, the aetiology of venous ulceration is poorly understood. It has been demonstrated that venous valve failure in the large veins is an important factor leading to the development of varicose veins, however whether similar valves exist in the very small superficial veins of the human leg, and what role these valves may have in venous disease, is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to: 1. Identify whether venous valves are present in the very small superficial veins of the human leg, and if they are present, 2. Describe the density, size distribution, morphology, and regional distribution of these microvenous valves in �normal� cadaveric legs 3. Compare the �normal� microvenous valves from cadaveric tissue with microvenous valves from pathologic legs with chronic venous disease, to answer the hypothesis that individuals that develop venous ulceration have fewer microvenous valves than the normal population. In order to examine microvenous valves, two main methods have been utilised, E12 sheet plastination and vascular casting. These methods in combination provide valuable insights into the anatomy of microvenous channels, and allow examination and quantification of the venous valves. Using several techniques, this study has shown that microvenous valves are present within the very small veins of the superficial tissue of the human leg. These microvalves have been shown to be most prevalent in the smallest of the veins, down to 18[mu]m in diameter. Approximately 60% of the valves were found to be associated with tributaries. The gaiter region was demonstrated to contain the lowest number and density of microvenous valves, significantly less that the upper or mid calf regions. In addition, the gaiter region was found to have a much lower proportion of microvalves in the most superficial veins, when compared with the other regions examined. Contrary to our hypothesis, the number and density of microvalves in venous diseased legs was not different to that of normal legs. Similarly, the size and regional distributions were also not different. However, the microvalves from the venous diseased legs were significantly stretched and incompetent, allowing retrograde flow from the large veins through to the dermal capillaries. In conclusion, this study has shown that venous valves are present in the smallest of the superficial veins of the human leg, and that their density and distribution is not different between normal and venous diseased individuals. However, the microvalves from the diseased legs were incompetent and allowed retrograde flow. The role that these valves play in normal and pathological circulation is unclear, and warrants further examination.
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Ebrahiem, Waleed, and Naveed Arif. "Internet of Things : How vendors can use IoT to achieve value creation." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-144582.
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The IoT (Internet of Things) is developing rapidly, as a result of that, the number of connected devices in Sweden has doubled every year. According to big companies like Ericsson, the estimated number of connected devices worldwide will be 50 billion in 2020. IoT, by itself, may be a relatively simple concept of connected devices and machines, but its implications are profound. For companies in Sweden which offer a broad range of non-connected tools and products, it is becoming increasingly important to adapt their products to IoT; adherence to IoT will warrant new developments which offer value-added services such as monitoring and remote control, etc. The primary research method employed for this thesis is a case study at a vendor company who today offers their customers non-connected tools. To be able to demonstrate the concept of IoT enhanced tools we create a conceptual framework and a prototype, which we present to our interviewees and use as a starting point for qualitative interviews. In this thesis, we want to know how vendors could benefit themselves by the use of IoT in their businesses. We formulated some research questions, being, based on a vendor’s perspective: why do they (vendors) need connected products; how can such products be made marketable to the customer; and what are the predicted benefits of IoT-connected products for the customers? The case study brings to light some issues dealing with the business model, service providing, data display and data security which every company should take into consideration before implementing IoT.
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Antvik, Niklas, and Patrik Bihammar. "Sales and Marketing Strategy in the IT Industry - Collaborating with Independent Software Vendors." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-85.
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The IT industry is characterised by rapid changes and an increased level of consolidation and competition. Hardware and software developers are moving away from proprietary technologies to open-standards based technology. This makes it more difficult for large hardware vendors, such as Hewlett Packard (HP) and IBM, to lock their customers and partners to proprietary solutions. Therefore, in order to keep and increase its market share, HP needs to improve its collaboration with partners. The partners, especially local and regional independent software vendors (ISV), are important due to their applications focused on solving business problems, their ability to provide industry relevance to HP’s products and their ability to influence what kind of hardware and software platforms the end-customers will choose.
We have identified key market characteristics, the ISVs’ key needs and challenges, as well as what they consider crucial in order for them to recommend a certain vendor’s hardware platform. Companies in the IT industry face several unique challenges; one is that there often exist conflicting interests between the different industry members, e.g. competitors collaborating with each other. This puts extra pressure on clarifying the rules of engagement between the collaborating parties. The ISVs are generally agnostic to which hardware platform the customers buy as long as their applications run on the specific platform, therefore the ISVs’ vendor preference is often based on more intangible relationship factors. Factors that affect and decide the ISVs’ preference are e.g. their existing vendor relationships, ease of doing business, clear point of contact and clear rules of engagement. Furthermore, many of the ISVs are interested in having joint- business planning and go-to-market strategies with HP. In order to leverage hardware, we recommend that HP tries to tie the ISVs to them and form closer relationships with the ISV community. (HP must however carefully evaluate the value of the individual ISVs and what they can offer.)
The recommendations consist mainly of how to select the relevant ISVs and, after the selection, how the ISVs should be categorised and managed by utilising HP’s partner portal for developers. This would enable HP to engage more efficiently with key partners, which in turn would lead to increased leverage of HP hardware.
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Cupe, Herrera Maria del Pilar, Ycaza María Verónica García, Aymachoque Claudia Paucar, and Cuzcano Agata Quiñonez. "Trabajo de investigación para Incremento de ventas de un periódico regional." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655675.
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Aunque el mercado de diarios impresos se contrae año a año, el mercado regional aún es muy atractivo y hay potencial para desarrollar e incrementar las ventas mediante campañas promocionales. Más aún si la promoción está dirigida específicamente a las regiones del interior del país de la mano de un diario local, de tradición y bien posicionado.
Hemos identificado que las promociones son trabajadas en su mayoría por diarios populares y principalmente capitalinos. Consideramos que podemos capitalizar mejor y tener una muy buena aceptación si se trabaja con un diario local, dirigido al segmento de lectores que prefieren comprar el diario local y que valoran las promociones.
Según el análisis realizado, del total de lectores de diarios impresos, el 25% lee o prefiere leer diarios serios y el 75% prefiere diarios populares o deportivos; consideramos que debemos actuar en este nicho de mercado debido a que las necesidades de este segmento seleccionado no están totalmente cubiertas por otros medios y es una excelente alternativa para trabajar con un diario local bien posicionado en regiones.
Para validar la propuesta de las promociones en un diario local y serio hemos llevado a cabo un sondeo en las diferentes ciudades del Perú, donde queda demostrado que las promociones son bastante valoradas por el público objetivo y casi el 60% de los encuestados afirman que cambiarían de diario si les ofrecen una buena y atractiva promoción.
Los KPIs que demuestran que esta propuesta es viable son: el incremento de venta de diarios en 3% y la venta de publicidad en 5%, obteniendo un VAN de S/ 1´001,326.
Cabe recalcar que nuestra propuesta promocional fue realizada durante los años 2018 y 2019 antes de que se diera inicio a la pandemia Covid-19, por lo que la propuesta podría tener cambios importantes dado el nuevo contexto y el tiempo que dure la pandemia.We have worked in this opportunity to growth sales in a regional newspaper, because although the printed newspaper market shrinks year by year, the regional market is still very attractive and there is a potential to develop and increase sales through attractive promotional campaigns. Even more if the promotion is specifically targeted at a Peruvian particular region from the hand of a local newspaper, well positioned and traditional. We have identified that the promotions are mostly worked by the “popular newspapers¨ and mainly in the capital Lima. We believe that we can better capitalize and have a very good acceptance, if we work with a local newspaper, focused at the segment of readers who prefer to buy the local newspaper and who value promotions. According to the analysis, of the total number of readers of printed newspapers, 25% read or prefer reading serious newspapers, and 75% prefer popular newspapers and sports news; we consider that we must act in this market, because of the needs of this selected segment are not fully covered by others, and it is an excellent alternative to work with a well-positioned local newspaper in Peruvian regions. To validate the proposal of the promotions in a local and serious newspaper we have taken a survey in the different cities of Peru, where it is shown that the promotions are highly valued by the target audience and almost 60% of respondents say they would change the newspaper if they offer them a good and attractive promotion. The KPIs that demonstrate that this proposal is viable are: the increase in newspaper sales by 3% and the sale of advertising by 5%, obtaining a NPV of S / 1'001,326. It should be noted that our promotional proposal was made during the years 2018 and 2019 before the Covid-19 pandemic began, so the proposal could have important changes given the new context and the duration of the pandemic.
Trabajo de investigación
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Cupe, Herrera Maria del Pilar, Aymachoque Claudia Paucar, Cuzcano Agata Quiñonez, and Ycaza de Patiño Samudio María Verónica García. "Trabajo de investigación para Incremento de ventas de un periódico regional." Master's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655675.
Full textAbstract:
Aunque el mercado de diarios impresos se contrae año a año, el mercado regional aún es muy atractivo y hay potencial para desarrollar e incrementar las ventas mediante campañas promocionales. Más aún si la promoción está dirigida específicamente a las regiones del interior del país de la mano de un diario local, de tradición y bien posicionado.
Hemos identificado que las promociones son trabajadas en su mayoría por diarios populares y principalmente capitalinos. Consideramos que podemos capitalizar mejor y tener una muy buena aceptación si se trabaja con un diario local, dirigido al segmento de lectores que prefieren comprar el diario local y que valoran las promociones.
Según el análisis realizado, del total de lectores de diarios impresos, el 25% lee o prefiere leer diarios serios y el 75% prefiere diarios populares o deportivos; consideramos que debemos actuar en este nicho de mercado debido a que las necesidades de este segmento seleccionado no están totalmente cubiertas por otros medios y es una excelente alternativa para trabajar con un diario local bien posicionado en regiones.
Para validar la propuesta de las promociones en un diario local y serio hemos llevado a cabo un sondeo en las diferentes ciudades del Perú, donde queda demostrado que las promociones son bastante valoradas por el público objetivo y casi el 60% de los encuestados afirman que cambiarían de diario si les ofrecen una buena y atractiva promoción.
Los KPIs que demuestran que esta propuesta es viable son: el incremento de venta de diarios en 3% y la venta de publicidad en 5%, obteniendo un VAN de S/ 1´001,326.
Cabe recalcar que nuestra propuesta promocional fue realizada durante los años 2018 y 2019 antes de que se diera inicio a la pandemia Covid-19, por lo que la propuesta podría tener cambios importantes dado el nuevo contexto y el tiempo que dure la pandemia.We have worked in this opportunity to growth sales in a regional newspaper, because although the printed newspaper market shrinks year by year, the regional market is still very attractive and there is a potential to develop and increase sales through attractive promotional campaigns. Even more if the promotion is specifically targeted at a Peruvian particular region from the hand of a local newspaper, well positioned and traditional. We have identified that the promotions are mostly worked by the “popular newspapers¨ and mainly in the capital Lima. We believe that we can better capitalize and have a very good acceptance, if we work with a local newspaper, focused at the segment of readers who prefer to buy the local newspaper and who value promotions. According to the analysis, of the total number of readers of printed newspapers, 25% read or prefer reading serious newspapers, and 75% prefer popular newspapers and sports news; we consider that we must act in this market, because of the needs of this selected segment are not fully covered by others, and it is an excellent alternative to work with a well-positioned local newspaper in Peruvian regions. To validate the proposal of the promotions in a local and serious newspaper we have taken a survey in the different cities of Peru, where it is shown that the promotions are highly valued by the target audience and almost 60% of respondents say they would change the newspaper if they offer them a good and attractive promotion. The KPIs that demonstrate that this proposal is viable are: the increase in newspaper sales by 3% and the sale of advertising by 5%, obtaining a NPV of S / 1'001,326. It should be noted that our promotional proposal was made during the years 2018 and 2019 before the Covid-19 pandemic began, so the proposal could have important changes given the new context and the duration of the pandemic.
Trabajo de investigación
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Piano, Luciana Pereira de Almeida de. "Valor do teste de dosagem do Dímero - D plasmático no diagnóstico do tromboembolismo venoso agudo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5131/tde-13022008-100326/.
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Introdução: A doença tromboembólica é um distúrbio complexo multicausal com sinais e sintomas inespecíficos, confundindo-se com outras enfermidades. Devido à sua gravidade buscam-se estratégias objetivando obter um diagnóstico precoce. O teste de dosagem do dímero - D plasmático parece ser uma alternativa para exclusão do diagnóstico de tromboembolismo venoso agudo. Objetivo: Avaliar o valor do teste de dosagem de dímero - D plasmático, utilizando o método Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA), na rotina diagnóstica de tromboembolismo venoso agudo. Métodos: Em 89 pacientes com sinais e sintomas sugestivos de tromboembolismo pulmonar e/ou trombose venosa profunda foram realizadas dosagens do dímero - D pela técnica ELFA no equipamento VIDAS® - BioMérieux. Foram calculados os valores da sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo e negativo e acurácia do teste, bem como a curva ROC da amostra estudada. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a exame por imagem para confirmação do evento tromboembólico agudo. Foi calculado o índice kappa para analisar o resultado do teste dímero - D versus resultados de exames por imagem. Resultados: Entre os 89 pacientes estudados (média de idade 54,3 anos; 51 mulheres), 36 (40,4%) apresentaram TEV e 53 não apresentaram trombose aguda (59,6%). Entre os pacientes sem trombose aguda 15 (28,3%) apresentaram resultado de dímero - D negativo. Todos pacientes com trombose apresentaram resultado de dímero - D positivo. O teste apresentou sensibilidade de 100%; especificidade de 28,3%; valor preditivo positivo de 48,6%; valor preditivo negativo de 100% e exatidão de 57,3%. A ASC para a amostra total estudada foi igual a 0,734, indicando que o teste é um bom preditor de trombose aguda. O valor do índice kappa para a amostra total foi igual a 0,24 (p<0,001), indicando uma concordância fraca entre dímero - D e diagnóstico confirmatório de trombose. Conclusão: A dosagem do dímero - D pelo método ELFA foi capaz de excluir o diagnóstico de tromboembolismo venoso agudo nessa amostra estudada. Os resultados obtidos nessa amostra estudada permitiram concluir que o uso do teste dímero - D em pacientes com suspeita de tromboembolismo venoso revelou alta sensibilidade no diagnóstico dessa enfermidade.Introduction: The thromboembolic disease is a multicausal complex disturb with signals and symptoms that confusing itself with other diseases. Because its gravity strategies search objecting to get a faster diagnosis. The measure plasmatic D dimer test seems to be an alternative for exclusion of the diagnostic of acute venous thromboembolism. Objectives: To evaluate the value of the measure plasmatic D dimer test, using the method Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA), in the diagnostic of acute venous thromboembolism. Methods: In 89 patients with signals and symptoms suggestive of pulmonary thromboembolism and/or deep vein thrombosis had been carried through measure D dimer by technique ELFA equipment VIDAS® - BioMérieux. The values of sensibility, accuracy specificity, predictive values positive and negative and of the test had been calculated, as well as curve ROC of the sample studied. All the patients had been submitted the image exams for the confirmation of the acute thromboembolism event. It was calculated kappa ratio to compare D dimer test results with image exams results. Results: Between 89 studied patients (mean of age 54.3 years; 51 women), 36 (40.4%) they had presented and 53 had not presented acute thrombosis (59.6%). It enters the patients without acute thromboembolism 15 (28.3%) had presented resulted negative of D dimer. All patients with thrombosis had presented resulted positive of D dimer. The test presented 100% sensibility; 28.3% of specificity; positive predictive value was 48.6%; 100% of negative predictive value and accuracy value was 57.3%. The area under the curve (AUC) to total sample studied was 0.734, it was showed that the test have a good prediction to acute thrombosis. The kappa ratio value was 0.24 (p<0.001) showing a bad concordat n to thrombosis diagnostic. Conclusion: The measure of D dimer by method ELFA was able to exclude the diagnostic of acute venous thromboembolism in this sample studied. The results obtained in this sample studied let to conclude that the D dimer test in patients with suspected of acute thromboembolism presented high sensibility to diagnostic of this disease.
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Birck, Alan Rodrigues. "Drivers de Customer Equity e vendas futuras : uma aplicação do modelo de Vogel, Evanschitzky, Ramasesham no B2B." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/101506.
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Em um ambiente em que o marketing busca formas de avaliar os impactos de suas ações, Vogel, Evanschitzky e Ramaseshan (2008) sugerem que o uso do customer equity (CE), como uma medida do comportamento futuro de clientes de uma empresa, é um ativo estratégico que exige um gerenciamento efetivo com monitoramento tanto para detectar sinais de erosão neste valor, como para adequar programas para melhorá-lo. Vogel et al. (2008) associaram os condutores de CE, proposto por Rust, Zeithaml e Lemon (2000) e vendas futuras, contribuindo, em especial, com um modelo que inclui um construto de lealdade e foca na predição de vendas futuras, dado que valor de vida do cliente (CLV) é um difícil conceito para ser medido e está fora do alcance da maior parte das empresas. Diante da contribuição que essa técnica traz tanto para o avanço acadêmico da área de marketing metrics quanto para a prática empresarial, esta dissertação tem como enfoque a aplicação do modelo de Vogel et al. (2008), no B2B. Suas principais contribuições são: primeiro, adaptar e utilizar o modelo no contexto de serviços no B2B, estendendo a sua verificação a um universo mais amplo; segundo, testar se o modelo adaptado poderia produzir resultados tão consistentes quanto os encontrados pelos autores; terceiro, sugerir recomendações para a aplicação do modelo em outros segmentos. Para realização do estudo foram selecionadas duas empresas de segmentos diferentes que possuem outras companhias como clientes, uma delas do ramo de serviços ao varejo e outra uma distribuidora de medicamentos que permitiram acesso a um total de 253 de seus clientes. Para a empresa de serviços ao varejo identificou-se resultados em direção e magnitude semelhante ao estudo de Vogel et al. (2008), sugerindo que o modelo poderia ser aplicado no universo B2B; para a distribuidora, entretanto, os achados não demonstraram associação entre as variáveis, sinalizando uma fragilidade do modelo na predição de vendas futuras. Os resultados sugerem que o modelo adaptado poderia ser empregado no B2B, porém não é robusto. Desta forma apenas pode ser aplicado apenas sob condições específicas que precisam ser verificadas antes da aplicação.In an environment where marketing seeks ways to assess the impacts of their actions , Vogel , and Evanschitzky Ramaseshan (2008) suggest that the use of customer equity (CE), as a measure of future customer behavior of a company, is a strategic asset that requires effective management with both monitoring for signs of erosion in this figure , as to tailor programs to improve it . Vogel et al. (2008) associated drivers from EC , proposed by Rust , Zeithaml and Lemon (2000) and future sales, contributing in particular to a model that includes a construct of loyalty and focuses on the prediction of future sales, since customer lifetime value (CLV) is a difficult concept to be measured and is beyond the reach of most companies . Given the contribution that this technique brings both academic advancement in the area of marketing metrics and for business practice, this dissertation focus on the application of Vogel et al. (2008), in the B2B. His main contributions are: first , to adapt and use the model in the context of B2B services, extending the verification to a broader universe; Second, to test whether the adapted model could produce results as consistent as those found by the authors; thirdly, to suggest recommendations for the application of the model in other segments. To conduct the study, two companies from different segments that have other companies as clients were selected , one of them in the service industry to retail and a distributor for drugstores that allowed access to a total of 253 clients. For services company was identified similar results, in direction and magnitude, toward the study of Vogel et al. (2008) , suggesting that the model could be applied in the B2B universe; for the distributor , however, the findings did not show association between the variables, indicating a weakness of the model in predicting future sales. The results suggest that the adapted model could be employed in B2B, but it is not robust. Thus, it can be applied only under specific conditions that must be verified before application.
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Mattei, Vinicius Garcia. "Ao sabor dos ventos: controvérsias em torno da instalação de uma usina termoelétrica no Vale do Rio Paraíba do Sul (SP)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/31/31131/tde-26102015-105058/.
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Busco neste trabalho recompor minha experiência ao participar das controvérsias em torno da possível instalação de uma usina termoelétrica a gás natural em Canas, pequeno município do Vale do Paraíba, a 200 km nordeste de São Paulo. Agrego a esta experiência outros materiais resultantes de pesquisas em arquivos, cópias de documentos, entrevistas com os envolvidos e a contribuição de autores encontrados durante o curso de mestrado em \"Culturas e Identidades Brasileiras\", no Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros da Universidade de São Paulo. O processo de licenciamento ambiental da usina ficou marcado por uma grande mobilização originada de várias contestações ao Estudo de Impacto Ambiental apresentado pela empresa responsável, a AES Tietê. Iniciado a partir da atuação de alguns membros do Conselho Municipal do Meio Ambiente de Lorena (COMMAM), o grupo que contestou os estudos foi se agregando em torno de questões surgidas quando da sua inserção cada vez aprofundada na investigação dos impactos previstos com o funcionamento do empreendimento. Procuro compor um relato, o mais acurado possível, retraçando as redes de conexões entre os diversos atores envolvidos nas controvérsias, conforme sugere a Teoria-Ator-Rede, desenvolvida por Bruno Latour e outros autores identificados com a \"Antropologia da Ciência e da Tecnologia\". A aposta é que eventos como o descrito neste trabalho proporcionam acompanhar de perto o curso das ações, na oportunidade em que elas se apresentam ainda incertas, quando as controvérsias se desenvolvem e com elas emergem vários elementos candidatos à formação de novas composições, até que um pouco mais adiante possam talvez voltar a se estabilizar, ocultando toda a discussão anterior. Povoando a natureza de política, a política de natureza, busco ainda aproximar tais discussões de uma abordagem Cosmopolítica, proposta por Isabelle Stengers (2007) e acompanhada por outros (dentre eles também Latour), partindo sempre de como os atores deste processo - humanos e não-humanos - se compõem e em que campos de ação se identificam, de acordo com sua inserção no processo. Ao final, espero ter à disposição novas referências para a compreensão das controvérsias, que possam gerar uma avaliação de outras composições formadas entre os agentes neste período de interação que se identifica como o processo de licenciamento da termoelétrica.I aim in this study recompose my experience by participating in the controversies surrounding the possible installation of a natural gas thermoeletric plant in Canas, small town of Vale do Paraíba 200 km northeast of São Paulo. I assemble to this experience other materials resulting from research in archives, copies of documents, interviews with those involved and the contribution of authors encountered during the Master\'s degree in \"Culturas e Identidades Brasileiras\", at the Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros of the Universidade de São Paulo. The environmental licensing process of the plant was marked by a major mobilization originated from several objections to the Environmental Impact Study submitted by the responsible company, AES Tietê. Started from the actions of some members of the Municipal Council of the Lorena Environment (COMMAM), the group that questioned the studies was assemblig around issues raised while being ever closer integration in the investigation of predicted impacts to the operation the enterprise. I try to write an account, the most accurate possible, retracing the network of connections between the various actors involved in disputes, as suggested by the Actor-Network-Theory, developed by Bruno Latour and the others authors identified with the \"Antropology of Science anda Tecnology\". The bet is that events like the one described in this paper provide closely follw the course actions, in the opportunity that they have still uncertain, when the controversies develop and emerge several candidate elements to form new compositions, until a litlle further can maybe go back to stabilize, hiding all the previous discussion. Populating the nature with policy, the policy with nature, I aim even approach such discussions in a Cosmopolitics approach, proposed by Isabelle Stengers (2007) and accompanied by others authors (among them also Latour), always starting from how the actors of this process - humans and non-humans - compose themselves and where fields of action identify themselves, according to their inclusion in the process. In the end, I hope to have available new references for understanding the controversies, that can generate an evaluation of other compositions formed between the agents in this period of interaction which is identified as the licensing process for the thermoeletric plant.
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Szulcsewski, Charles John. "A gestão da venda no processo de comunicação integrada de marketing e sua implicação no posicionamento da empresa no canal de distribuição." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-29032011-194623/.
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A melhoria contínua do posicionamento competitivo é, atualmente, um dos grandes desafios das empresas inseridas no dinâmico mercado global. Nesse cenário, considera-se que a interação dos vários setores da organização contribui para o aumento da sua capacidade de conhecer as nuances que afetam sua cadeia de distribuição. Além disso, compreende-se que a comunicação é um elemento vital para a empresa se fazer entender pelos seus públicos e que a comunicação integrada de marketing (CIM) possui uma valiosa ferramenta a força de vendas que necessita ser estimulada pelos gestores a utilizar outras ferramentas da CIM, a fim de prestar serviços diferenciados aos canais de distribuição. O objetivo é analisar a gestão da venda no processo de CIM, identificando como a força de vendas contribui para a melhoria do posicionamento competitivo no trade. Para alcançá-lo, foram analisados a geração de valor para o cliente; a administração estratégica e a de vendas; a vantagem competitiva e o modelo de posicionamento competitivo; o mercado empresarial e seu comportamento de compra; a CIM; o relacionamento com o cliente e o pós-venda. Ao final da fundamentação teórica, propôs-se uma sistematização da interação da venda com a CIM, na qual se procurou alinhar as atividades da equipe de vendas com o intuito de maximizar o seu atendimento aos diversos tipos de clientes. Ainda para a consecução do objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com a utilização do método de estudo de caso. A empresa pesquisada foi escolhida em razão de sua relevante participação no segmento em que atua. Também foram realizadas entrevistas com gerentes, vendedores e consultores de campo da empresa selecionada e com gerentes e compradores dos canais de distribuição e a análise delas foi muito valiosa para a elaboração da sistematização da interação da venda com a CIM. Esse novo olhar em direção ao pleno atendimento das exigências do trade no segmento de empresas de saúde animal pode vir a ser uma das ferramentas importantes para a obtenção de um posicionamento competitivo mais sólido.Continuous improvement of competitive positioning is currently one of the great challenges of companies incorporated in the dynamic global marketplace. In this scenario, it is considered that the interaction of various sectors of the organization contributes to its increased ability to understand their distribution chain. Furthermore, the communication is a vital element for the company to make themselves understood by their audiences and the integrated marketing communications (IMC) has a valuable tool - the sales force - which must be supported by managers to use other tools of the IMC in order to provide differentiated services to distribution channels. The objective of this study is to analyze the process of selling and IMC, identifying how the sales force helps to improve the competitive position in the trade. To achieve this, was analyzed the generation of customer value, strategic management and sales, competitive advantage and competitive positioning model, the enterprise market and their buying behavior, the IMC, the customer relationship and after sale. At the end of the theoretical foundation, it was proposed a systematization of the interaction of IMC with the sale, in which he sought to align the activities of the sales team in order to maximize its service to different types of customers. Even to achieve the goal, was performed a field survey using the method of case study. The company analyzed was chosen because of his outstanding participation in the segment in which it operates. Were also conducted interviews with sales managers and their sales force of the company and with channels managers and the buyers of these channels of distribution. This analysis was very valuable to the development of systematic interaction with the sale management and the IMC. This new look towards full compliance with the requirements of trade in the sector of animal health companies might be one of important tools to achieve a stronger competitive position.
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Cerón, García Alejandra, Arias Thelma Del Pilar Estrada, Palomino Calef Yair Galvez, Sanchez Nataly Rosario Quispe, and Rosazza Nicole Jaqueline Urrutia. "Proyecto MIKHUNA SHAKE." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652255.
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En el presente trabajo de investigación, se verán los aspectos que sean necesarios para la iniciación de nuestro proyecto para la elaboración y venta de nuestra bebida Mikhuna Shake. Nuestro segmento va dirigido a todas aquellas personas que mayores de 18 años, en búsqueda de un desayuno fácil, rápido de tomar y nutritivo. Nuestra propuesta de valor se basa en que es una bebida proteica, baja en grasas y azúcares, y está listo para tomar. Para el primer año, nuestro canal de ventas será por medio de las ventas directas a través de nuestras redes sociales.
Por otra parte, hemos utilizado 5 experimentos a través de Facebook e Instagram, con la finalidad de obtener nuevos aprendizajes. Asimismo, se realizaron promociones y descuentos con la finalidad de atraer a más clientes. La estrategia que se realizará para nuestro producto será la de penetración, dado que estamos lanzando un precio de introducción para ambas presentaciones a un precio de S/3.90 para el 300 ML y S/7.90 para el de 900 ML.
Nuestros ingresos son generados por nuestras ventas en ambos tamaños y se llevan a cabo mediante nuestras redes sociales. Además, se mantendrá una relación cercana con nuestros clientes para de darle un valor agregado al producto. La inversión que se realizará al comenzar nuestro proyecto será por un monto de S/29872. Esto nos permitirá iniciar nuestras operaciones y solventar los gastos necesarios. Finalmente, nuestro VAN resultante es positivo, el cual hace rentable nuestro negocio, a pesar de tener múltiples gastos preoperativos.
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O'Dell, Billy Ray. "The Importance of Authenticity of Atmospheric Theming to Revisit Intention of Food and Beverage Venues in Theme Parks." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703381/.
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Atmospheric theming is the use of the sensory experience in connection to a theme. The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of atmospherics with theming and their effects on customer behavior in food and beverage operations of a theme park. The official research questions developed for this study include: Does the impact of the authenticity of atmospheric theming influence an effect on revisit intention? Does the type of theme (land's theme or venue's theme) influence the effect of visitor revisit intention? These questions guided the current research in previously non-evaluated fields of study. This study used the Mehrabian–Russel (M-R) model to create a new research model. In the current study, atmospheric theming was the stimuli, emotional value was the emotional response, and visitor revisit intentions was the behavioral intention. Restaurant image was added to the model to obtain a cognitive reason.The results from the multiple regression indicated that all hypotheses were accepted. Restaurant image had a positive influence on both authenticity variables, and both authenticity variables had a positive influence on emotional value. Finally, emotional value was found to have a positive influence on revisit intention. These results indicated that atmospheric theming influenced revisit intention through emotional value. Furthermore, the results indicated that when it comes to the different types of themes within a venue, as indicated in the second research question, the venue's theme has a stronger influence on the emotional value than the land's theme.
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Hill, Jillian. "The development of a street-food vending model that offers healthy foods for sale." University of the Western Cape, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4995.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDBackground: Street foods (SF) contribute significantly to the nutritional intake of adults and children in developing countries. They are inexpensive and a major source of income for a vast multitude. A major concern is the so-called ‘nutrition transition’, which has led to an increase in foods high in saturated fats, trans fats, sugar and salt, along with processed food items sold on urban community streets in developing countries. These foods contribute to nutritional disorders in the communities where consumed. South Africa’s stable unemployment rate, estimated at 25%, has further influenced business growth in the informal sector, particularly SF vending. As such, a well-developed SF-vending model (SFVM) could potentially address the challenges of unemployment and improve the nutritional status of poorer South Africans. Aim: To develop a sustainable SFVM for selling healthy and safe SF in the City of Cape Town enabling street vendors to make a decent living, and consumers to make healthy choices regarding food purchasing. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed mixed methodology (collecting qualitative and quantitative data). The study was conducted in three phases. Phase 1a: Situation Analysis. This a SF-vendor survey which collected a) socio-demographic factors, b) vendors’ business operational models, c) food items sold, d) available facilities, e) challenges faced, f) certification, and g) nutrition knowledge using a validated questionnaire. An observational checklist capturing data on the appearance of vendors, their stalls, available equipment and type of food sold, supplemented this survey. Phase 1b: A consumer survey included collecting, a) socio-demographic factors, b) purchasing habits, c) consumption preferences, and d) nutrition knowledge using a validated questionnaire. Phase 2a: Semi-structured-interviews and focus group discussions with Environmental Health Officials and Economic Development Officials from the City of Cape Town were conducted to explore the existing -vending regulations and/or policies in the City of Cape Town and gain insight into the SF-vending operations from a regulatory perspective. Phase 2b: A document review was conducted to identify existing regulations and policies on SF vending. Phase 3: conducted in three steps: Step 1, data integration of the previous phases. Step 2, a participatory action research component checking the relevance, acceptability and practicability of identified themes and resulting components from Step 1. Step 3, development of the proposed SFVM using the findings of the previous two steps. Data Analysis: Quantitative data were analysed using IBM SPSS, 2010 Statistics version 23. Descriptive statistics and cross-tabulations were used to analyse data. Qualitative data were thematically analysed using the qualitative data software package Atlas ti 7.5.7.Results: Phase 1a: vendors in the Cape Town and surrounding areas work long hours up to seven days a week making a minimal income. Types of food items sold by vendors, their nutrition knowledge and hygiene practices were not ideal. A major lack in basic facilities existed. Phase 2a: SF consumers indicated spending a significant amount of their income on SF, and are open to buying healthier options should these be available. Phase 2a: government officials thought the SF-vending business should be guided by national legislature and provincial bylaws, and felt strongly about nutrition and health education for vendors and consumers. Phase 2b: thirteen regulations and bylaws applicable to SF vending were sourced. Phase 3: Data from the previous phases were integrated within a socio-ecological framework to develop the proposed SFVM. The components of this model are divided into four areas, i.e. a business component, food and nutrition component, hygiene component, and a vending cart. Conclusion: The four components in the proposed SFVM take into account various elements of the socio-ecological framework, i.e. intrapersonal/individual, interpersonal, the physical environment/community and the policy environment. This SFVM should be piloted, evaluated, adapted and before rolling it out on a large scale to test its effectiveness.
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Hernández, Patiño Cecilia, and Jurado Guillermo Rosado. "The Right to Tax Credit of Insurers: On the subject of the Replenishment of Damaged Goods." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118034.
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The main purpose of this article is to give a tax approach about the tax credit insurers which is generated as product replenishment of goods in case of accidents, and thus determine whether or not to use the tax credit referred.From the analysis made in respect of the different doctrinal positions which are presented about the controversy to be develop in this article, we can conclude by saying that when insurance companies deliver goods to the insured as a result of claims do nothing that operations that are part of its line of business, and in that sense, being goods that are required to achieve their economic ends is that in any way, our tax authorities should fix the tax credit that would have been generated concept the acquisition of the property that was the subject of insurance, even more if, as we have indicated the economic purpose of VAT is to tax the final consumer of goods and services, and achieve tax neutrality (application of the tax credit).El presente artículo tiene como principal objetivo otorgar un enfoque tributario del crédito fiscal de las empresas aseguradoras que se genera producto de la reposición de bienes en caso de siniestros, y de esta manera determinar si corresponde o no utilizar el referido crédito fiscal.A partir del análisis efectuado respecto de las diferentes posturas que se presentan a nivel doctrinario con ocasión de la controversia que desarrollaremos en el presente artículo, podemos concluir señalando que las empresas de seguros, cuando entregan bienes a los asegurados como consecuencia de los siniestros, no hacen más que efectuar operaciones que son parte de su giro de negocio y, en tal sentido, al tratarse de bienes que son requeridos para lograr sus fines económicos es que, en ningún sentido, nuestra Administración Tributaria debería reparar el crédito fiscal que se hubiera generado por concepto de la adquisición del bien que fue objeto de seguro; más aún si, conforme hemos indicado la finalidad económica del IGV es gravar al consumidor final de los bienes y servicios, y lograr la neutralidad del impuesto (aplicación del crédito fiscal).
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Trazegnies, Granda Fernando de, Diana Milberg, and Alonso Salazar. "El Perú actual y su (in)dependencia de lo que sucede en el contexto internacional. Entrevista a Pedro Pablo Kuczynski Godard." THĒMIS-Revista de Derecho, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/109096.
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Peru's reality should be analyzed carefully inorder to understand the situation in which most Peruvians actually are. It is of particular relevance to understand the role that the State and the tax system developed in it have in the country’s economy. A well known Peruvian economist analyzes Peru’s economic situation through the comparison benchmark countries that are somehow very influent on us. It is through a deep approach that the interviewee schemes the main issues of our country and enables to make proposals based on its reality, as well as to make some projections about the country’s future.La realidad del Perú es una que debe analizarse con detenimiento, para así poder entender la situación en la que verdaderamente se encuentranlos peruanos. Es de especial relevancia entender el rol que el Estado y el manejo tributario tienen en la economía del país. Por este motivo, en la presente entrevista se evalúa la situación económica en la que se halla el Perú, en comparación a otros países referentes e influyentes en nuestra economía. Es a partir de una aproximación profunda que el entrevistado esquematiza los problemas principales, plantea propuestas de desarrollo y, además, realiza ciertas proyecciones sobre el futuro del país.
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Doyen, Audrey. "Les relations entre les musées d'ethnographie et les marchés de l'art africain et océanien en France, en Suisse et en Belgique : construire la valeur et s'approprier l'altérité." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA099/document.
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Cette recherche interroge le champ des objets ethnographiques au prisme de leur circulation entre deux médiateurs situés entre leur production et leur réception : les musées d’ethnographie et les marchés de l’art. Aucune recherche scientifique ne s’est jusqu’à maintenant penchée en profondeur sur les relations entretenues entre ces deux intermédiaires dans le champ de l’art africain et océanien, si ce n’est pour décrire ou critiquer le cas précis de la fondation du Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac.Mobilisant l’anthropologie et la muséologie, ma recherche est basée sur un travail de terrain intensif auprès des galeries, des maisons de ventes aux enchères et des musées en Suisse, en France et en Belgique entre 20013 et 2017. L’analyse, fondamentalement compréhensive, montre les enjeux territoriaux à l’œuvre et souligne l’impact d’une montée de l’événementiel tant du côté des musées que des marchés. Ma recherche dresse un portrait du marché, de son fonctionnement et de ses hiérarchies à l’heure actuelle et propose une typologie des différentes relations et acteurs afin de comprendre le processus de fixation de la valeur des objets. Sur un marché où domine la spéculation et une grande part d’arbitraire, je montre que cette valeur est intimement liée à la maîtrise de l’information. Finalement, l’analyse met en évidence les « prêts-à-penser » et processus développés par l’entier des acteurs du champ pour rationaliser une partie de ces pratiques spéculatives. J’espère souligner dans cette recherche les formes nouvelles de production, d’appropriation, de consommation et de valorisation de l’altérité par notre société aujourd’huiThis PhD thesis presents the valuation of ethnographic object through the prism of their circulation between two stakeholders : art markets and ethnographic museums. No scientific research has so far looked in depth at the relation between this two actors in the tribal art’s field, except to describe or criticise the specific case of the Musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac’s foundation.My research mobilising anthropology and museology is based on intensive fieldwork with galleries, auction houses and museums in Switzerland, France and Belgium between 2013 and 2017. The comprehensive analysis shows the territorial issues between this different stakeholders and highlights the increase in events both in museums and markets. My research also draws a portrait of the market, its functionning and its hierarchies and proposes a typology of the different relations and actors. The main objective was to understand the process of fixing an object’s value. In a market dominated by speculation and a lot of arbitrariness, I highlight that this value is intrinsically linked to the control of information. Finally, the analysis shows the « how-to-think » and processes developped by all the actors in the field to rationalise some of these speculative practices. I hope I have emphasised in this work the new forms of production, appropriation, consumption and the valorisation of otherness by our society today
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Costa, Roni Lemos da. "A tecnologia da informação como alavancadora de competitividade na cadeia de valor da indústria de bens de consumo : um estudo de caso." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/3903.
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Na busca pela competitividade, as organizações buscam na cadeia de valor identificarem suas atividades de relevância estratégica para que se possam entender as origens e os potenciais de diferenciação e o comportamento dos custos. Dessa forma, as atividades de potencialização estão relacionadas com o desempenho dos processos internos e com o crescimento organizacional. O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar, na cadeia de valores da organização objeto do estudo de caso, quais as atividades e elos de maior potencial de valor agregado, identificando possíveis oportunidades do uso da Tecnologia da Informação (TI) para obter vantagem competitiva ao negócio da empresa. O trabalho apresenta o estudo de caso como modalidade de pesquisa qualitativa, numa indústria brasileira de grande porte do ramo de bens de consumo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e questionários semiestruturados abertos realizados com Diretor Geral, diretores corporativos e gerentes da alta administração da organização. Assim, o resultado da pesquisa apresentou direcionadores a serem observados que orientam o uso de recursos de TI como forma de alavancar vantagem competitiva para o negócio da empresa, agregando valor na cadeia produtiva, operacionalizando os processos do Sales and Operation Planning (S&OP), estabelecendo ações que impactam nos três níveis de estratégia corporativa, do negócio e funcional.
In the search for competitiveness, organizations seek to identify, in their value chains, activities that are strategically relevant to understand the origens and possibilities of differenciation, as well as the cost behaviours. Thus, the activities of empowerment are related to the performance of internal processes and of organizational growth. This thesis seeks to identify, in the value chain of the organization that is object of study of the present paper, which activities and links have higher potential of value-added, identifying possible opportunities in the use of Information Technology in order to obtain competitive vantages to the company. This paper presents a case study as a form of qualitative research in a large Brazilian company operating in the area of consumer goods. Its data were collected through in-depth interviews as well as through semi-structured and open questionnaires with the company’s director, corporate directors and managers of the organization. Thus, the research’s results show some directions to be followed. They guide the use of Information Technology as a way to levarage competitiveness advantage for the company’s business, adding value in the supply chain, while at the same time operationalizing the process of Sales and Operation Planning (S&OP), and establishing movements that have impact in the three levels of corporative, business and functional strategy.
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Agüero, Zavaleta Fiorella del Pilar, and Arias Andrea Edith Prado. "Determinación de los factores del Marketing que tienen un efecto en la decisión de compra de dermocosméticos en tiendas Retail en mujeres de 25 a 39 años de los NSE A y B que pertenecen a Lima Moderna." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656228.
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar los factores que influyen en la decisión de compra de las mujeres de 25 a 39 años de los NSE A y B que residen en Lima Moderna (Barranco, Jesús María, La Molina, Lince, Magdalena del Mar, Miraflores, Pueblo Libre, San Borja, San Isidro, San Miguel, Santiago de Surco, Surquillo) en la industria de dermocosméticos comercializados por retail. Para este estudio, se realizó un diseño de enfoque mixto, ya que se realizaron entrevistas, focus groups y finalmente una encuesta. La data recolectada fue analizada en el programa SPSS y para el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales usamos AMOS. Asimismo, las metodologías de estudio que se usaron para la obtención de los resultados fueron análisis correlacional, análisis factorial (exploratorio y confirmatorio), análisis discriminante y regresión lineal. La encuesta fue aplicada a 384 mujeres que corresponden a la muestra, con las cuales se logró obtener la información para realizar el análisis de los resultados. Finalmente, dentro de los principales resultados se obtuvo que las redes sociales, el entorno de la tienda y el valor percibido tienen un efecto positivo en la decisión de compra.The main objective of this research is to determinate the effects of factors in the purchase decision of women aged 25 to 39 years of NSE A and B who reside in Modern Lima (Barranco, Jesús María, La Molina, Lince, Magdalena del Mar, Miraflores, Pueblo Libre, San Borja, San Isidro, San Miguel, Santiago de Surco, Surquillo) in the dermocosmetics industry marketed by retail. For this study, a mixed approach design was carried out, since interviews, focus groups and finally a survey. The collected were analyzed using SPSS and structural equation modelling AMOS. Also, the study methodologies used to obtain the results were correlational analysis, factorial analysis (exploratory and confirmatory), discriminant analysis and linear regression. The survey was applied to 384 women who correspond to the sample, with whom it was possible to obtain the information to perform the analysis of the results. Finally, among the main results, it was obtained that social networks, the environment of the store and the perceived value have a positive effect on the purchase decision.
Tesis
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Silva, Catarino Lacerda e. "Estratégias de investimentos em ações por meio de indicadores quantitativos no mercado brasileiro." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/24765.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é examinar quais indicadores levaram a retornos excedentes no mercado brasileiro durante o período de 31 de março de 2000 a 31 de março de 2018, através das carteiras de ações construídas anualmente com base em um indicador ou dois indicadores quantitativos. Sendo os fatores testados: Retorno sobre Capital Investido (ROIC), Retorno sobre Ativos (ROA), Earnings Yield, Preço sobre Valor Patrimonial (PVPA), Preço sobre Vendas (PSR) e Índice de Força Relativa 120 dias úteis. Nas estratégias de um fator, o primeiro quartil do indicador Earnings Yield mostrou ser o melhor para seleção de ações no período, com maior índice de Sharpe 0,571, com maior média dos retornos anuais 41,03%, maior alfa 27,82%, superando Ibovespa 88,89% do tempo e com maior discrepância entre os retornos dos quartis, tanto que o pior resultado foi 4º quartil do Earnings Yield. Nas estratégias de dois fatores, a combinação dos indicadores de valor PSR e Earnings Yield, P/VPA e Earnings Yield obteve os maiores retornos médios anuais 42,51% e 39,1%, maiores alfas 29,40% e 26,19%, superando o Ibovespa em 88,89% e 83,33% do tempo, respectivamente. Porém foram as estratégias que combinaram um indicador de valor com um indicador de retorno, ROIC e Earnings Yield, ROA e Earnings Yield, que apresentaram os maiores índices de sharpe 0,623 e 0,619, respectivamente.
The objective of this study is examine which indicators led to excess returns in the Brazilian market during the period from March 31 2000 to March 31 2018, through stock portfolios constructed annually based on one indicator or two quantitative indicators. The following factors were test: Return on invested capital (ROIC), Return on Assets (ROA), Earnings Yield, Price-to-book (PVPA), Price Sales Ratio (PSR) and Relative Strength Index 120. In the one-factor strategies, the first quartile of the Earnings Yield indicator was the best for stock selection in the period, with highest Sharpe ratio 0.571, with the highest average annual returns 41.03%, the highest alpha 27.82% outperformed the Ibovespa 88.89% of the time and with greater discrepancy among quartile returns, so much that the worse result was fourth quartile of the Earnings Yield. In the two-factor strategies, the combination of the PSR and Earnings Yield, P/VPA and Earnings Yield value indicators obtained the highest average annual returns of 42.51% and 39.1%, higher alpha 29.40% and 26.19%, outperformed the Ibovespa in 88.89% and 83.33% of the time, respectively. However, it was the strategies that combined a value indicator with a return indicator, ROIC and Earnings Yield, ROA and Earnings Yield, which had the highest Sharpe ratio of 0.623 and 0.619, respectively.
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Cunha, Ana Mafalda Fonseca da. "O efeito da proibição de serviços cruzados pelas auditoras no planeamento fiscal das empresas europeias." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19311.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisEste estudo tem como finalidade perceber qual o efeito da proibição de serviços cruzados prestados pelas auditoras, imposta pelo Regulamento (UE) n.º 537/2014, no planeamento fiscal das empresas abrangidas pelo mesmo. Dado que a taxa efetiva de imposto é uma medida usada para avaliar a eficácia do planeamento fiscal, foi analisada a sua evolução tanta nas empresas cotadas europeias, proxies das empresas sujeitas ao regulamento, como nas empresas não cotadas europeias, não sujeitas ao regulamento, a fim de deduzir se houve ou não uma minimização da carga fiscal. O modelo econométrico utilizado foi o difference-in-differences, que permite, através da interação entre uma variável de tempo e de grupo, averiguar se a diferença nesta taxa entre os dois grupos se altera aquando uma comparação entre o período pré-regulamento e o período pós-regulamento, e concluir sobre o impacto que a proibição destes serviços teve na criação de valor das empresas. Os resultados sugerem que o regulamento trouxe consigo um agravamento fiscal que não passou por um aumento no imposto pago, mas sim pela restrição de beneficiarem de uma maior redução da TEI. Assim, é legitimo afirmar que a imposição deste regulamento afetou a criação de valor destas empresas, uma vez que se observou que a TEI poderia ter sido mais baixa do que a que foi na realidade. O presente estudo contribui para esclarecer que existem vantagens para uma empresa em receber em simultâneos diversos serviços da mesma entidade e que a sua proibição provoca um impacto negativo na criação de valor.
This study aims at understanding which effect is linked to the prohibition on cross-services by audit firms, imposed by the Regulation (EU) number 537/2014, in the tax planning of companies that are subjected to this regulation. Since the effective tax rate is a widely used measure to evaluate tax planning effectiveness, its evolution was analysed both in European listed companies, proxies of companies subjected to the Regulation, and in European unlisted companies, not subjected to the Regulation, in order to deduce whether or not the tax burden was minimized. The econometric model used was the difference-in-differences, which allows, through the interaction between a time and group variable, to determine if the difference in this rate between the two groups changes when comparing the pre-regulation period and the post-regulation period, and conclude on the impact that the prohibition of these services had on firm´s value creation. The results suggest that the regulation is associated with a tax worsening related to the restriction in benefiting of a greater reduction of TEI and not connected to an increase of taxes. Thus, it is possible to state that the imposition of this regulation affected the value creation of these companies since it was observed that the TEI could have been lower compared to the actual result. The present study contributes to clarify that there are advantages for a company to simultaneously receive several services from the same entity and that its prohibition has a negative impact on value creation.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Kassir, Wafaa. "Approche probabiliste non gaussienne des charges statiques équivalentes des effets du vent en dynamique des structures à partir de mesures en soufflerie." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1116/document.
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Afin d'estimer les forces statiques équivalentes du vent, qui produisent les réponses quasi-statiques et dynamiques extrêmes dans les structures soumises au champ de pression instationnaire induit par les effets du vent, une nouvelle méthode probabiliste est proposée. Cette méthode permet de calculer les forces statiques équivalentes du vent pour les structures avec des écoulements aérodynamiques complexes telles que les toitures de stade, pour lesquelles le champ de pression n'est pas gaussien et pour lesquelles la réponse dynamique de la structure ne peut être simplement décrite en utilisant uniquement les premiers modes élastiques (mais nécessitent une bonne représentation des réponses quasi-statiques). Généralement, les mesures en soufflerie du champ de pression instationnaire appliqué à une structure dont la géométrie est complexe ne suffisent pas pour construire une estimation statistiquement convergée des valeurs extrêmes des réponses dynamiques de la structure. Une telle convergence est nécessaire pour l'estimation des forces statiques équivalentes afin de reproduire les réponses dynamiques extrêmes induites par les effets du vent en tenant compte de la non-gaussianité du champ de pression aléatoire instationnaire. Dans ce travail, (1) un générateur de réalisation du champ de pression instationnaire non gaussien est construit en utilisant les réalisations qui sont mesurées dans la soufflerie à couche limite turbulente; ce générateur basé sur une représentation en chaos polynomiaux permet de construire un grand nombre de réalisations indépendantes afin d'obtenir la convergence des statistiques des valeurs extrêmes des réponses dynamiques, (2) un modèle d'ordre réduit avec des termes d'accélération quasi-statique est construit et permet d'accélérer la convergence des réponses dynamiques de la structure en n'utilisant qu'un petit nombre de modes élastiques, (3) une nouvelle méthode probabiliste est proposée pour estimer les forces statiques équivalentes induites par les effets du vent sur des structures complexes décrites par des modèles éléments finis, en préservant le caractère non gaussien et sans introduire le concept d'enveloppes des réponses. L'approche proposée est validée expérimentalement avec une application relativement simple et elle est ensuite appliquée à une structure de toiture de stade pour laquelle des mesures expérimentales de pressions instationnaires ont été effectuées dans la soufflerie à couche limite turbulenteIn order to estimate the equivalent static wind loads, which produce the extreme quasi-static and dynamical responses of structures submitted to random unsteady pressure field induced by the wind effects, a new probabilistic method is proposed. This method allows for computing the equivalent static wind loads for structures with complex aerodynamic flows such as stadium roofs, for which the pressure field is non-Gaussian, and for which the dynamical response of the structure cannot simply be described by using only the first elastic modes (but require a good representation of the quasi-static responses). Usually, the wind tunnel measurements of the unsteady pressure field applied to a structure with complex geometry are not sufficient for constructing a statistically converged estimation of the extreme values of the dynamical responses. Such a convergence is necessary for the estimation of the equivalent static loads in order to reproduce the extreme dynamical responses induced by the wind effects taking into account the non-Gaussianity of the random unsteady pressure field. In this work, (1) a generator of realizations of the non-Gaussian unsteady pressure field is constructed by using the realizations that are measured in the boundary layer wind tunnel; this generator based on a polynomial chaos representation allows for generating a large number of independent realizations in order to obtain the convergence of the extreme value statistics of the dynamical responses, (2) a reduced-order model with quasi-static acceleration terms is constructed, which allows for accelerating the convergence of the structural dynamical responses by using only a small number of elastic modes of the structure, (3) a novel probabilistic method is proposed for estimating the equivalent static wind loads induced by the wind effects on complex structures that are described by finite element models, preserving the non-Gaussian property and without introducing the concept of responses envelopes. The proposed approach is experimentally validated with a relatively simple application and is then applied to a stadium roof structure for which experimental measurements of unsteady pressures have been performed in boundary layer wind tunnel
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Brass, Margaret Mary. "Biomechanical and morphological characterization of common iliac vein remodeling: Effects of venous reflux and hypertension." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/5278.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)The passive properties of the venous wall are important in the development of venous pathology. Increase in venous pressure due to retrograde flow (reflux) and obstruction of venous flow by intrinsic and extrinsic means are the two possible mechanisms for venous hypertension. Reflux is the prevailing theory in the etiology of venous insufficiency. The objective of this thesis is to quantify the passive biomechanical response and structural remodeling of veins subjected to chronic venous reflux and hypertension. To investigate the effects of venous reflux on venous mechanics, the tricuspid valve was injured chronically in canines by disrupting the chordae tendineae. The conventional inflation-extension protocol in conjunction with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) was utilized to investigate the passive biomechanical response of both control common iliac veins (from 9 dogs) and common iliac veins subjected to chronic venous reflux and hypertension (from 9 dogs). The change in thickness and constituent composition as a result of chronic venous reflux and hypertension was quantified using multiphoton microscopy (MPM) and histological evaluation. Biomechanical results indicate that the veins stiffened and became less compliant when exposed to eight weeks of chronic venous reflux and hypertension. The mechanical stiffening was found to be a result of a significant increase in wall thickness (p < 0.05) and a significant increase in the collagen to elastin ratio (p < 0.05). After eight weeks of chronic reflux, the circumferential Cauchy stress significantly reduced (p < 0.05) due to wall thickening, but was not restored to control levels. This provided a useful model for development and further analysis of chronic venous insufficiency and assessment of possible intervention strategies.
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Lopes, Leonor Cordeiro Rodrigues. "A neurorradiologia na trombose venosa cerebral." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/21500.
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RESUMO: Contexto: A trombose Venosa Cerebral (TVC) tem sido diagnosticada em número crescente graças ao aperfeiçoamento técnico e maior acessibilidade dos métodos de imagem. Em cerca de metade dos casos documentam-se lesões encefálicas venosas (LEV) em RM de sinal hiperintenso nas imagens ponderadas em T2 de natureza heterogénea, edematosa, isquémica ou hemorrágica. O quadro clínico agudo é inespecífico. A imagem é fulcral no diagnóstico final com especial destaque para a RM. Utilizando diferentes sequências é possível caracterizar em detalhe tanto o sistema venoso cerebral (SVC), como o trombo, bem como as LEV. Estas podem traduzir-se por edema vasogénico, citotóxico ou focos de susceptibilidade paramagnética. À excepção do conhecido efeito preditivo negativo da presença hemática na TVC, não são conhecidos outros factores preditivos da RM com impacto no resultado clínico final. Objectivo: Os autores pretendem identificar eventuais variáveis imagiológicas preditoras de outcome final e dar um contributo para melhor compreensão da história natural desta entidade nosológica. Deste modo, pretende-se o diagnóstico precoce de TVC, melhorar o seu prognóstico clínico e reduzir as complicações. Método: Os doentes com diagnóstico de TVC são avaliados por Imagem em três tempos de estudo com o mesmo protocolo técnico de imagem: T1 sag, DP/T2 ax, Flair ax, T2* ax, T2 cor, Difusão e Veno-RM. É feita a análise de 6 variáveis da amostra e de 13 variáveis da RM. Posteriormente é desenhado um modelo de regressão logística univariável e multivariável em relação com o resultado clínico final avaliado pela escala modificada de Rankin. Resultados: No nosso grupo de estudo (n=101) a presença de LEV (36,8%) e a circulação colateral aumentada (44,6%) apresentaram evidência individual e multivariável de associação estatisticamente significativa com o resultado clínico final. Enquanto a LEV se associa a um pior prognóstico (OR 15,130), a circulação colateral revelou ter efeito protector (OR 0,091). A maioria dos doentes teve alta
funcionalmente independente (84,7%) com predominante repermeabilização venosa parcial (62,8%). Conclusão: A circulação venosa cerebral aumentada parece ser o único factor protector na TVC que aparenta ser uma doença tendencialmente benigna e crónica. Mais estudos serão necessários para validar estas novas constatações.ABSTRACT: Background: Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (CVT) seems to be more frequent than previously thought thanks to new Neuroimaging technics that allow early, sensible and sensitive diagnosis. It is reported that in nearly half of the CVT cases, venous encephalic lesions (VEL) are identified. These appear as hyperintensitys in T2 WI on MRI and are of heterogeneous nature. Although their true physiopathology remains unknown, they are thought to have different degrees of oedematous oedema, cytotoxic oedema or haemorrhagic components. On the other side, it is recognized that this haemorrhagic VEL have a negative predictive value. However, little is known about the clinical outcome impact of other MRI signs. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of other MRI signs in relationship to clinical outcome. Methods: 101 patients with CVT were registered. MRI scan was repeated in 3 different time spans. 13 different variables were analysed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were applied. Clinical outcome was evaluated using modified Rankin scale. Results: The presence of VEL (36,8%) and the extended venous collateral circulation (44,6%) revealed statistically significant outcome evidence. While VEL were associated to bad outcome (OR 15,130), the increased venous collateral circulation appears to have a protective effect (OR 0,091). At hospital discharge the majority of patients (84,7%) were functionally independent with predominant partial recanalization (62,8%). Conclusion: An increased venous collateral circulation seems to be a protective factor and statistically associated with better clinical outcome. CVT, on the other hand, appears to be a more benign pathology that tends to chronicity. Further studies will be necessary to confirm this new statements.
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Zamboni, P., E. Menegatti, P. Conforti, Simon J. Shepherd, M. Tessari, and Clive B. Beggs. "Assessment of cerebral venous return by a novel plethysmography method." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6249.
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BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging and echo color Doppler (ECD) scan techniques do not accurately assess the cerebral venous return. This generated considerable scientific controversy linked with the diagnosis of a vascular syndrome known as chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) characterized by restricted venous outflow from the brain. The purpose of this study was to assess the cerebral venous return in relation to the change in position by means of a novel cervical plethysmography method. METHODS: This was a single-center, cross-sectional, blinded case-control study conducted at the Vascular Diseases Center, University of Ferrara, Italy. The study involved 40 healthy controls (HCs; 18 women and 22 men) with a mean age of 41.5 +/- 14.4 years, and 44 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS; 25 women and 19 men) with a mean age of 41.0 +/- 12.1 years. All participants were previously scanned using ECD sonography, and further subset in HC (CCSVI negative at ECD) and CCSVI groups. Subjects blindly underwent cervical plethysmography, tipping them from the upright (90 degrees ) to supine position (0 degrees ) in a chair. Once the blood volume stabilized, they were returned to the upright position, allowing blood to drain from the neck. We measured venous volume (VV), filling time (FT), filling gradient (FG) required to achieve 90% of VV, residual volume (RV), emptying time (ET), and emptying gradient (EG) required to achieve 90% of emptying volume (EV) where EV = VV - RV, also analyzing the considered parameters by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and principal component mathematical analysis. RESULTS: The rate at which venous blood discharged in the vertical position (EG) was significantly faster in the controls (2.73 mL/second +/- 1.63) compared with the patients with CCSVI (1.73 mL/second +/- 0.94; P = .001). In addition, respectively, in controls and in patients with CCSVI, the following parameters were highly significantly different: FT 5.81 +/- 1.99 seconds vs 4.45 +/- 2.16 seconds (P = .003); FG 0.92 +/- 0.45 mL/second vs 1.50 +/- 0.85 mL/second (P < .001); RV 0.54 +/- 1.31 mL vs 1.37 +/- 1.34 mL (P = .005); ET 1.84 +/- 0.54 seconds vs 2.66 +/- 0.95 seconds (P < .001). Mathematical analysis demonstrated a higher variability of the dynamic process of cerebral venous return in CCSVI. Finally, ROC analysis demonstrated a good sensitivity of the proposed test with a percent concordant 83.8, discordant 16.0, tied 0.2 (C = 0.839). CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral venous return characteristics of the patients with CCSVI were markedly different from those of the controls. In addition, our results suggest that cervical plethysmography has great potential as an inexpensive screening device and as a postoperative monitoring tool.
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Chan, Te-Chuan, and 詹德泉. "How to Increase Added Value of Semiconductor Equipment Vendors through Employee Training: The Case of ASML." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hu4fpm.
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LEE, HSIN-LIN, and 李欣霖. "Developing the Inner Value and Indicators of Corporate Social Responsibility for Environmental Education Facilities and Venues." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45vh46.
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碩士國立臺中教育大學
科學教育與應用學系環境教育及管理碩士班
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The Environmental Education Facilities and Venues is a place for providing public recreation, leisure and education. Then it is understood that human beings and the natural world are interdependent and can cultivate a sense of respect and care for nature (Zhou Ru and Huang Shufen, 1994). However, whether Environmental Education Facilities and Venues can be managed sustainably and become a self-sufficient industry will be a major issue. If environmental education in the future is expected to move forward in the direction of sustainable development, industrialization will be a necessary process. However, what kind of conditions should be set for a sound industrial structure can be explored from many aspects. Corporate Social Responsibility "to explore the business planning of environmental education facilities. Corporate social responsibility is the proper contribution made by the enterprises to the society so as to bring the community to stability and development (Li Zhengyi, 1990). The project uses four major environmental education facilities, ISO26000 and Enterprises Environmental Education Facilities and Venues for the development of corporate social responsibility connotation index structure to provide a basis for follow-up. In this research, we construct the framework through Focus Group (FG) and a wide collection of references, and we invited the experts pertaining to the related fields of environmental education and CSR to amend and investigate the inner value of EEFV. The entire investigation delves into four aspects, namely, Environment, Professional Manpower, Curricular Plan, and Business Management, and 31 indicators. Environment involves the incorporation of the peripheral resources on the facilities that are related to environment education and are eco-friendly to the environment. Besides, we also adhere to the regulation pertaining to the related law. Professional Manpower aims to the maneuver the human resources with efficiency and equity. We ensure the basic human rights of the employees, providing both the training on the professional skills for environmental education and the mutual supports from the professional companions. Curricular Plan aims to combine the status quo of the local environmental resources, dedicating to developing of multi-course plan on environmental education and reusable course materials and to promoting the awareness of Green Supply Chain. Business Management takes a specific operation and management as a target, focusing on the sustainability of environmental resources and the environmental carrying capacity. The implementation of it is based on the safety of public environment and the provision of early warnings, and it greatly enhances job opportunities, draws attentions on the right of the consumers, and comes into assistance for the underprivileged. Moreover, it keeps the amity among the companions and every walk of life in the society. Finally, this study suggests: First, due to time constraints, this study has not been subdivided into different types of enterprise-based Environmental Education Facilities and Venues for different connotation and indicators of the construction, the future can be extended to further enhance the integrity of the study . Second, after the first year of this study is constructed, it is suggested that future research should be able to prepare relevant research methods for the development of relevant questionnaires and related information, and make up the deficiencies of indicators through the questionnaire items, so as to make the indicators more complete and more in depth.
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CHEN, CHING-FENG, and 陳慶豐. "Developing the External Value and Indicators of Corporate Social Responsibility for Environmental Education Facilities and Venues." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9t6bhp.
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碩士國立臺中教育大學
科學教育與應用學系環境教育及管理碩士班
107
Environmental education field established by general enterprises are more flexible in their operation. They combine tourism in order to bring the public into environmental education. They use leisure and touristic methods which enable people to learn environmental knowledge and further influence people's attitude towards the environment. Fields can’t only rely on social donations and government subsidies, like this it won’t last for a long time. Instead, it needs to become a self-sufficient industrial structure which is the long-term plan. Therefore, how to introduce a business model suitable for the environmental education industry is very important. Therefore, the issue of managing environmental education facilities and fields and how to create surplus for sustainable development has become an important management issue. This study based on “corporate social responsibility” discuss the management plan of environmental education facilities and fields, combining the four major orientations of environmental education facilities and fields, ISO 26000, and developing a corporate social responsibility and connotation indicator framework for corporate environmental education facilities and fields as a provided reference basis. The plan collects the relevant literature, draws up a framework and uses a focus group discussion method to invite 8 experts and scholars in related fields such as environmental education and corporate social responsibility. The reliability and validity of the focus group discussion method via the serialization and integration of collation of interview materials, serial numbering and coding, and also through triangulation to measure and verify the correctness of these data. After the revision, the connotation of environmental education facility sites was developed, indicators were constructed through fuzzy Delphi, and The Excel software analyzes each aspect, topic importance and consensus value. The results of this study include four aspects: “environment”, “professional manpower”, “curriculum plan” and “operational management”, and 25 indicators of external factors. The connotation of the four aspects: environment, professional manpower, curriculum plan, and business management are as follows: 1. Environment: correspond to the relevant laws of environment and construction, give priority to green buildings to achieve the sustainable use of natural and human resources, and avoid unnecessary artificial devices, laying or equipment to avoid environmental pollution and damage to the natural ecology and humanities Resources. 2. Professional manpower: Labor related laws should be followed to provide suitable working conditions for the people, priority appointment and employment opportunities should be given to the nearby residents and disadvantaged groups, provide employees with insurance beyond medical insurance, maintain appropriate employment relationships and social security, deal with complaint cases according to law, and deploy full-time environmental education personnel and human resources with neighboring partners for mutual support. 3. Course plan: In the teaching process, it respects life according to the Wildlife Conservation Law, respects intellectual property rights and encourages inventions, and complies with the Cultural Assets Protection Act to avoid damaging cultural assets in order to avoid impact sensitive areas and lead to pollution, and respond to social needs by developing corresponding courses. 4. Operational management: It should cooperate with medical, police, and fire-fighting protection agencies to respond to emergencies, establish safety measures in accordance with relevant guidelines and laws, protect consumer rights according to the Consumer Protection Law, pay attention to the fair trade and keep in good relationship with all the parties to protect the health of residents and the quality of their living. Finally, this research suggests that: First, due to the limited time, this study has not subdivided into different types of business environmental education facilities and fields for different connotations and indicators. In the future, if it can be divided into different types of business environmental education facilities and fields and find out the difference or distinguish whether the characteristic of the facilities and fields set up by different kinds of industries are different or not, this can increase the integrity of the study. Secondly, after the first year of this study is constructed as an index, researchers in the future can compile research methods related to the development of relevant questionnaires and related materials. Through questionnaire questions, it can make up for the inadequacy of indicators and make the indicators more complete and perpetual.
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Lee, Ming-Cheng Charles, and 李明城. "A Study of Mobile Operator’s Strategic Actions to Smartphone Vendors in Mobile Value-Added-Services Business." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13441860976170828729.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
財務金融學研究所
99
Mobile Operators gain dramatic benefits from smart phones in terms of Mobile Internet data transmission revenue, but smart phone players like Apple and Google potentially take away Mobile Operator’s content revenue for its VAS business. The study will stand from a Mobile Operator’s point of view to analyze its competitive advantage and derive a corresponding strategy for the impact.
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Maluleke, Mikateko. "The output Value-Added Tax implications for South African vendors of purchases made by means of loyalty points." Thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/26817.
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A research report submitted to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Commerce in the field of Taxation,2018The use of loyalty programmes has in recent years become popular in South Africa. There has, however, been only one public document that has been issued by the South African Revenue Service (‘SARS’) which discusses the Value-Added Tax (‘VAT’) treatment of loyalty programmes that was published in August 2014.1 Only one ruling has been issued to particular taxpayer on this subject.2 Therefore, there is little guidance on this subject in South Africa. This report seeks to examine the VAT implications (specifically the VAT output implications) of loyalty programmes for VAT vendors who participate in South Africa’s loyalty programmes. The report will explore some of the types of available loyalty programmes and explore the definition of ‘consideration’ as well as how other jurisdictions treat VAT output on loyalty programmes.
XL2019
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SHR, TSAI MING, and 蔡明世. "A Study of the Relationships among Personal Value, Population Effect, Marketing Effort and the Consumer’s Acceptance of Traditional Bee Venom Therapy." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gdjkd4.
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碩士大葉大學
企業管理學系碩士班
107
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence consumers’ acceptance of bee-venom folklore therapy. From the perspective of marketing field, this study is to explore thekey factor influencing consumers’willingness to purchase. However, the subject of the purchase is the folklore therapy；since the research on this aspect is almost nonexistent,the results of this study can provide valuable insights for the practitioners of natural health medicine and folklore therapy. This study adopts a convenient sampling method,which is based on the general public in Changhua area.A paper questionnaire was used and a total of 400 copies are distributed.A total of 383 questionnaires were returned.The results of the study showed that the research hypotheseswere supported. In other words,if thepractitionerswant to promote bee-venom folk therapy,they must change the beliefs of consumers, create a population effect and Strengthen marketing efforts. Keywords；Bee-venom therapy, personal values, population effects, marketing efforts。
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WANG, CHIA-WEI, and 王嘉瑋. "A study on the Interactive Model of Vertical Vendors in Taiwan Shipbuilding Industry: From the Perspective of Organization Value Chain and Resource Dependence Theory." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3aw7x5.
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碩士國立高雄師範大學
事業經營學系
105
The shipbuilding industry has always played a crucial role in Taiwan’s economic development. Shipbuilding equipment mainly relies on imports. In this study, agents were adopted as the main axes, which were extended to the upstream and downstream. The organization value chain and resource dependence theory were adopted to discuss how the relationships among the three sides operate and interact, namely, upstream foreign marine equipment suppliers in the industry, middle stream Taiwan marine equipment agents, and downstream Taiwan shipyards engaged in complex shipbuilding projects. In the face of an ever-changing global environment and market competition factors, an insight was gained into the governance of organization value chain model in the industrial rise stage and the current stage, as well as factors contributing to the change. Secondly, the competitive strengths and weaknesses of the three sides, namely, equipment suppliers, agents, and shipyards, were determined. Given the upstream equipment suppliers and downstream shipyards had access to important resources, insight was gained into how agents obtained resources through interactions with the upstream and downstream without over dependence in order to maintain and develop competitive relationships for survival. In order to explore the above research problems, embedded single case analysis in qualitative research was adopted. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 people selected from representative foreign equipment suppliers, domestic agents, and domestic shipyards. The research findings are summarized as follows: 1. During the industrial rise stage, the governance of organization value chain model was carried out through the personal network model; 2. The governance of organization value chain model in the current stage is the mixture of the network and the market; 3. Agents play an important role in bridging the upstream and the downstream, and are thus unlikely to be replaced in the current stage. Nevertheless, they should act cautiously in the future and cultivate their core competence in order to avoid being replaced; 4. The upstream and downstream organizations in the industry should mutually trust and depend on each other in order to achieve mutual benefits. Based on findings in this study, recommendations were put forward as references for relevant shipbuilding industrialists during operational management.
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Cahill, Jodi. "A homoeopathic drug proving of Hemachatus haemachatus with a subsequent comparison of this remedy to those remedies yielding the highest numerical value and total number of rubrics on repertorisation of the proving symptoms." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/391.
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Thesis (M.Tech.: Homoeopathy)--Durban University of Technology, 2008The proving substance Hemachatus haemachatus commonly known as the Rinkhals belongs to the family of Elapidae. This spitting-cobra is a local snake found only in Southern Africa. This proving tested the effects of the thirtieth centesimal (30CH) potency of venom from Hemachatus haemachatus on healthy provers. OBJECTIVES It was hypothesised that Hemachatus haemachatus 30CH would produce clearly observable signs and symptoms in healthy provers, and that the comparison of Hemachatus haemachatus to those yielding the highest numerical value and total number of rubrics on repertorisation of the proving symptoms would highlight differences and similarities between the remedy symptoms so that confusion as to the indication is eliminated. It was hypothesised that a fuller understanding of Hemachatus haemachatus and its relationship to other remedies would be gained following this comparison. METHODOLOGY A double blind, placebo controlled proving of Hemachatus haemachatus 30CH was conducted on thirty healthy volunteers who met the inclusion criteria. Six of these thirty provers randomly received placebo, with neither prover nor researcher knowing whom received placebo. Provers had a homoeopathic case history taken and a physical examination performed on them prior to commencement of the proving. The provers recorded their signs and symptoms 6 by means of a journal before, during and after administration of the remedy. On completion of the proving, the information obtained was correlated and assessed by the two researchers, De la Rouviere and Cahill. The symptoms elicited during the proving were translated into materia medica and repertory language, and a homoeopathic picture of the remedy was subsequently formulated. Data from the case histories, physical examinations and group discussions were also considered in the assessment. RESULTS During the period of investigation, provers experienced a variety of symptoms on the mental, emotional and physical spheres. On the mental emotional sphere there was a marked degree of irritability and changeability in moods as is commonly seen in many of the snake remedies. Along with this, it was noted that there were feelings of anxiety for reasons unknown, a sense of having lost something or someone close, and a desire to be left alone. There were also a great number of feelings regarding the home, where there were feelings of the home being a place of safety and wanting order in the home. On a physical level, many of the provers noted varying degrees of abdominal discomfort and headaches. Along with anxiety, provers experienced palpitations and sensations of chest restriction or constriction with shortness of breath. There were a variety of musculoskeletal symptoms ranging from painful joints in the fingers to stiffness and tightness in the neck and back. Provers noted flushes of heat and alterations of their internal thermostat. Provers experienced marked dryness of the mucus membranes and the skin, and there was also a general feeling of weakness and heaviness as well as a marked aggravation in the mornings on waking. 7 CONCLUSIONS Symptoms obtained from the proving of Hemachatus haemachatus 30CH were studied and evaluated. Those symptoms that appeared to represent the remedy picture of Hemachatus haemachatus most accurately in the researchers‟ opinion were used in the repertorisation of the remedy. The investigation supported the hypothesis that Hemachatus haemachatus 30CH would produce clearly observable signs and symptoms in healthy provers. The subsequent comparison of the proving symptoms of Hemachatus haemachatus to Lycopodium (Club moss), Sulphur, Alumina (Aluminium oxide), Sepia (Cuttle fish) and Calcarea carbonica (Carbonate of Lime) highlighted differences and similarities between these remedies and Hemachatus haemachatus. The further comparison of remedies that came up on repertorisation restricted to the plant, mineral and animal kingdoms respectively provided a further comparison of remedies, which aimed at enhancing the differentiation of Hemachatus haemachatus to other similar remedies.
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Roque, João Mário Gonçalves. "Antecedentes da lealdade e o efeito das promoções de vendas na lealdade do consumidor à insígnia: o caso da distribuição em Portugal." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/42222.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Estudos de GestãoA elevada competitividade no setor da Distribuição portuguesa e a consequente alteração do comportamento do consumidor, que se apresenta mais informado e ponderado nas suas decisões, coloca enormes desafios, por um lado, na manutenção da lealdade do consumidor, e por outro na conquista de novos consumidores. Os tradicionais antecedentes investigados na literatura, como satisfação, valor ou confiança, são permanentemente desafiados face ao ambiente competitivo baseado nas promoções de venda, as quais premeiam o consumidor leal, mas também suscitam um comportamento oportunista de mudança permanente. Neste sentido, é importante averiguar o nível de lealdade do consumidor e o efeito das promoções de vendas nessa mesma lealdade. Assim sendo, pretendeu-se nesta investigação analisar os antecedentes da lealdade do consumidor bem como o efeito das promoções de vendas na mesma. Tendo por base a literatura existente, foi elaborado e testado um modelo concetual onde se apresentaram as possíveis relações entre os antecedentes Satisfação, Valor Percebido e Confiança e a lealdadade, bem como a relação das Promoções de Vendas com a lealdade. Foi efetuado um estudo quantitativo, tendo sido utilizadoum inquérito por questionário admistrado pessoalmente e via online. Foram efetuados testes de diferenças e associação no sentido de encaminhar o processo de investigação a uma análise de equações estruturais. Para esse feito, foi utilizado o SPSS 20. e o AMOS 23. Concluiu-se que a satisfação não tem significância estatística na explicação da lealdade. O valor percebido e a Confiança influenciam positivamente a lealdade do consumidor. As Promoções de vendas influenciam negativamente a lealdade do consumidor. Verificou-se também que a predisposição do indivíduo para comprar produtos em promoção em insígnias concorrentes, sabendo que estes produtos (não estando em promoção) se encontram na sua insígnia preferida, apresenta uma correlação negativa com a lealdade do consumidor à sua insígnia preferida.
The high competitiveness in portuguese Distribution sector and the consequent change in consumers behavior, which appears more informed and thoughtful in their decisions, poses enormous challenges on one hand, in consumer loyalty maintenance, and in the other hand the quest for conquer new consumers. The traditional antecedents investigated in the literature such as satisfaction, value or trust, are constantly challenged to face an competitive environment based on sales promotions, which reward loyal consumers, but also raise an opportunistic behavior of permanent change. In this way, it is important to ascertain the customer loyalty level and the effect of sales promotions in that same loyalty. Therefore, it was intended in this research to analyze the antecedents of consumer loyalty and the effect of sales promotions in it. Based on the existing literature, it was developed and tested a conceptual model which presented the possible relationships between the antecedents Satisfaction, Perceived Value and Trust and Loyalty and also the relationship of Sales Promotion with Loyalty. It was used a quantitative study and it was also used a questionnaire administered in person and via online. Differences and association tests were conducted to lead to a structural equations analysis. For that purpose, we used the SPSS 20 and AMOS 23. It was concluded that satisfaction has no statistical significance in the explanation of loyalty. The perceived value and trust positively influence customer loyalty. Sales promotions negatively influence consumer loyalty. It was also found that the predisposition of the individual to buy products on sale at competing insignia, knowing that these products (not being on sale) are in their preferred insignia shows a negative correlation with consumer loyalty to his favorite insignia.
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Théorêt, Alexandrine. "« Économies imaginaires », ou les relations entre pratique artistique et économie." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18340.
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L’économie a toujours fait partie des productions artistiques. En effet, que ce soit par les commandes des mécènes, par les coûts des matériaux utilisés ou encore par la mise en vente des œuvres, l’art et l’argent sont deux entités inséparables. Toutefois, les artistes qui représentent et qui s’entretiennent de l’argent et de l’économie dans leurs œuvres se font plus rares. Des représentations du commerce adviennent avant le modernisme. Toutefois, ce n’est que récemment que les artistes se sont mis à s’intéresser aux manifestations de l’économie en les intégrant dans leur pratique.
Existe-t-il actuellement une place dans le monde de l’art pour ce type particulier de production conceptuelle qui réfléchit à des questions économiques ? Notre recherche tourne autour de cette réflexion et explore la vente des productions artistiques à caractère économique sur le marché. C’est sous les termes d’économies imaginaires que nous retrouverons ces productions tout au long de ce mémoire. Nous nous pencherons plus spécifiquement sur la définition de cette pratique particulière, ainsi que sur sa vente dans les galeries et maisons de vente aux enchères.Economy has always been a part of artistic productions. Indeed, whether it be through patronage or by the cost and worth of the materials employed, or even by the selling of the artworks, art and money have always been two inseparable entities. However, artists who represent and deal with money and economy in their work are still quite scarce. We are able to find some representations of trading in ancient artworks, but it is only recently that the artists began to address the various expressions of economy by integrating them into their practice. Is there currently a place in the art world for this particular type of conceptual production that reflects on economic issues? Our research is guided by this topic and explores the sales of this type of artistic productions on the markets. This type of production will be referred to as “imaginary economics” throughout this master’s thesis. We will explore its definition as well as its sales in galleries and auction houses.