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Minaker, Leia M., Meghan Lynch, Brian E. Cook, and Catherine L. Mah. "Analyse de données sur les ventes lors d'une intervention axée sur un dépanneur santé de Toronto : le projet FRESH sur l'environnement de la vente d’aliments au détail comme déterminant de la santé." Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 37, no. 10 (October 2017): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.37.10.04f.
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Introduction Les interventions en santé de la population dans le secteur de l’alimentation de détail, comme celles réalisées dans les dépanneurs, visent à transformer le type de signaux envoyés aux consommateurs afin qu'ils choisissent des aliments plus sains. Peu de recherches abordent les aspects financiers des interventions réalisées dans le milieu de la vente au détail, en particulier les mesures de résultat comme les ventes en magasin, pourtant au centre du processus décisionnel de la vente au détail. Cette étude examine l'évolution des ventes en magasin et les ventes par catégories de produits dans le cadre d’une intervention axée sur un dépanneur santé situé dans un quartier à faible revenu de Toronto (Ontario). Méthodologie Les données sur les ventes effectuées entre août 2014 et avril 2015 ont été regroupées par catégories de produits et par jour. Nous avons utilisé des tableaux croisés dynamiques Excel afin de résumer et de présenter visuellement les données sur ces ventes. Nous avons mené des tests t afin d’étudier les différences au niveau des ventes de chaque catégorie de produits en fonction des jours de vente « de pointe » (jours d’affluence) par rapport aux autres jours de vente. Résultats Les ventes globales du magasin culminaient les derniers jours de chaque mois, soit à la période à laquelle les prestations d’assistance sociale sont versées. La hausse des revenus lors des jours de pointe était principalement imputable aux ventes de laissez-passer de transports en commun. La moyenne des ventes de collations non nutritives et de cigarettes était légèrement plus élevée lors des jours de pointe par rapport aux autres jours. Les stratégies novatrices employées pour augmenter les ventes de fruits et légumes frais ont semblé accroître considérablement les revenus générés par ces catégories de produits. Conclusion Les données sur les ventes en magasin constituent un paramètre important de mesure du succès des interventions en environnement alimentaire. De plus, les prises de décision des détaillants fondé sur ces données peuvent se révéler déterminantes lors de l’adaptation des interventions. Les responsables des recherches et des interventions futures devraient envisager d’établir des partenariats et d’utiliser d'autres indicateurs de rendement lors des interventions ciblant l'environnement de la vente au détail d’aliments dans divers contextes canadiens.
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Bonnivard, Eric, Olivier Catrice, Juliette Ravaux, Spencer C. Brown, and Dominique Higuet. "Survey of genome size in 28 hydrothermal vent species covering 10 families." Genome 52, no. 6 (June 2009): 524–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g09-027.
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Knowledge of genome size is a useful and necessary prerequisite for the development of many genomic resources. To better understand the origins and effects of DNA gains and losses among species, it is important to collect data from a broad taxonomic base, but also from particular ecosystems. Oceanic thermal vents are an interesting model to investigate genome size in very unstable environments. Here we provide data estimated by flow cytometry for 28 vent-living species among the most representative from different hydrothermal vents. We also report the genome size of closely related coastal decapods. Haploid C-values were compared with those previously reported for species from corresponding orders or infraorders. This is the first broad survey of 2C values in vent organisms. Contrary to expectations, it shows that certain hydrothermal vent species have particularly large genomes. The vent squat lobster Munidopsis recta has the largest genome yet reported for any anomuran: 2C = 31.1 pg = 30.4 × 109 bp. In several groups, such as Brachyura, Phyllodocida, and Veneroida, vent species have genomes that clearly rank at the high end of published values for each group. We also describe the highest DNA content yet recorded for the Brachyura (coastal crabs Xantho pilipes and Necora puber ). Finally, analysis of genome size variation across populations revealed unexpected intraspecific variation in the vent shrimp Mirocaris fortunata that could not be attributed simply to ploidy changes.
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Cardoso, Silvana S. S., and Julyan H. E. Cartwright. "On the differing growth mechanisms of black-smoker and Lost City-type hydrothermal vents." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2205 (September 2017): 20170387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2017.0387.
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Black smokers and Lost City-type springs are varieties of hydrothermal vents on the ocean floors that emit hot, acidic water and cool, alkaline water, respectively. While both produce precipitation structures as the issuing fluid encounters oceanic water, Lost City-type hydrothermal vents in particular have been implicated in the origin of life on the Earth. We present a parallel-velocity flow model for the radius and flow rate of a cylindrical jet of fluid that forms the template for the growth of a tube precipitated about itself and we compare the solution with previous laboratory experimental results from growth of silicate chemical gardens. We show that when the growth of the solid structure is determined by thermal diffusion, fluid flow is slow at the solid–liquid contact. However, in the case of chemical diffusive transport, the fluid jet effectively drags the liquid in the pores of the solid precipitate. These findings suggest a continuum in the diffusive growth rate of hydrothermal vent structures, where Lost City-type hydrothermal vents favour contact between the vent fluid and the external seawater. We explore the implications for the road to life.
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Leignel, V., L. A. Hurtado, and M. Segonzac. "Ecology, adaptation and acclimatisation mechanisms of Bythograeidae Williams, 1980, a unique endemic hydrothermal vent crabs family: current state of knowledge." Marine and Freshwater Research 69, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf17007.
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Diversified fauna have colonised the deep-sea hydrothermal vents, an environment characterised by high metallic concentrations and sulfide-rich waters. In 1977–79, brachyuran crabs were collected in hydrothermal vents around the Galapagos Rift, allowing description in 1980 of Bythograea thermydron and the new family Bythograeidae (and the superfamily Bythogreoidea). This family has a worldwide distribution and currently includes 13 species classified in 6 genera: Allograea (1 species), Austinograea (3 species), Bythograea (5 species), Cyanagraea (1 species), Gandalfus (2 species) and Segonzacia (1 species). These crabs have distinctive morphological and physiological characteristics, which reflect adaptations to particular deep-sea hydrothermal vent conditions. This review is the first on Bythograeidae, documenting the state of our knowledge regarding their taxonomy, evolution, ecology, morphology and physiology (i.e. osmoregulation, oxygen consumption, sulfide and metal detoxification, temperature tolerance). We also report on recent progress in maintaining bythograeids in an artificial ex situ environment.
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Bevilacqua, Andrea, Alvaro Aravena, Augusto Neri, Eduardo Gutiérrez, Demetrio Escobar, Melida Schliz, Alessandro Aiuppa, and Raffaello Cioni. "Thematic vent opening probability maps and hazard assessment of small-scale pyroclastic density currents in the San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua)." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 5 (May 28, 2021): 1639–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-21-1639-2021.
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Abstract. The San Salvador volcanic complex (El Salvador) and Nejapa-Chiltepe volcanic complex (Nicaragua) have been characterized by a significant variability in eruption style and vent location. Densely inhabited cities are built on them and their surroundings, including the metropolitan areas of San Salvador (∼2.4 million people) and Managua (∼1.4 million people), respectively. In this study we present novel vent opening probability maps for these volcanic complexes, which are based on a multi-model approach that relies on kernel density estimators. In particular, we present thematic vent opening maps, i.e., we consider different hazardous phenomena separately, including lava emission, small-scale pyroclastic density currents, ejection of ballistic projectiles, and low-intensity pyroclastic fallout. Our volcanological dataset includes: (1) the location of past vents, (2) the mapping of the main fault structures, and (3) the eruption styles of past events, obtained from critical analysis of the literature and/or inferred from volcanic deposits and morphological features observed remotely and in the field. To illustrate the effects of considering the expected eruption style in the construction of vent opening maps, we focus on the analysis of small-scale pyroclastic density currents derived from phreatomagmatic activity or from low-intensity magmatic volcanism. For the numerical simulation of these phenomena we adopted the recently developed branching energy cone model by using the program ECMapProb. Our results show that the implementation of thematic vent opening maps can produce significantly different hazard levels from those estimated with traditional, non-thematic maps.
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Ferreira de Lima, Neilson, Marcos Antônio Chaves Freire, Josimar José dos Santos, and Rodrigo Ricardo Cavalcante de Albuquerque. "CORRELAÇÃO DE LONGO ALCANCE TEMPORAL DA VELOCIDADE DO VENTO NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE CEARÁ-MIRIM E NATAL NO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE." HOLOS 8 (December 31, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2017.5491.
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A energia eólica é uma fonte natural de energia renovável e utilizada em diversos países para o abastecimento energético de residências, fábricas e empresas. Para os países que possuem hidrelétricas como a principal fonte geradora de energia, como o Brasil, por exemplo, a energia eólica é muito importante, porque ela não consome água, é renovável, limpa e não causa danos ambientais como outras fontes energéticas poluentes e sujas. Diversos estudos são realizados a fim de observar o comportamento do vento, em particular às correlações com outras variáveis como radiação solar, temperatura máxima ou mínima e umidade relativa do ar. Para fazerem inferência das observações do vento pesquisadores tem empregado diversas ferramentas estatísticas como médias móveis, média móvel ponderada e suavização exponencial. Nosso interesse é verificar as correlações de curto ou longo alcance persistente/antipersistente em séries temporais de ventos dos municípios Natal e Ceará-Mirim. Para realizar o estudo da correlação do vento se aplicou os métodos estatísticos denominados Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) e Detrended Cross-Correlation Analysis –DCCA, isto é análise da flutuação sem tendências e análise da correlação cruzada sem tendências. Nesta pesquisa observou-se que a série temporal do vento tem uma forte correlação de longo alcance persistente, significando que valores altos de velocidade do vento tem maior probabilidade de ser seguido por valores altos; e, valores baixos na velocidade do vento tem maior probabilidade de ser seguido por valores baixos.
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Kaliska, Agnieszka K. "Prédicats et verbes supports d’occurrence météorologiques dans une perspective contrastive franco-polonaise." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 34, no. 2 (December 8, 2011): 169–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.34.2.01kal.
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The common co-occurrence of words in a given context reflects both the extra-linguistic knowledge of a language user, and the specific intra-linguistic rules. We can say that lexicon and grammar are interpreters of the extra-linguistic reality. The purpose of our research is to consider, in French-Polish constrastive perspective, the relation between the pronoun and the meteorological verb (such as il and venter in Il vente) on the one hand and, on the other, the relation between the meteorological noun and the special kind of support verb named verbe d’occurrence on the Lexicon-Grammar ground (such as vent and mugir in Le vent mugit). We then raise the question of the particular status of meteorological nouns in the grammatical subject position and explain the non-predicative character of verbs in constructions such as Le vent mugit. In the end, we present a list of Polish and French examples containing meteorological support verbs or their stylistic and aspectual variants.
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Appolloni, Luca, Daniela Zeppilli, Luigia Donnarumma, Elisa Baldrighi, Elena Chianese, Giovanni Fulvio Russo, and Roberto Sandulli. "Seawater Acidification Affects Beta-Diversity of Benthic Communities at a Shallow Hydrothermal Vent in a Mediterranean Marine Protected Area (Underwater Archaeological Park of Baia, Naples, Italy)." Diversity 12, no. 12 (December 4, 2020): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12120464.
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One of the most important pieces of climate change evidence is ocean acidification. Acidification effects on marine organisms are widely studied, while very little is known regarding its effects on assemblages’ β-diversity. In this framework, shallow hydrothermal vents within a Marine Protected Area (MPA) represent natural ecosystems acting as laboratory set-ups where the continuous carbon dioxide emissions affect assemblages with consequences that can be reasonably comparable to the effects of global water acidification. The aim of the present study is to test the impact of seawater acidification on the β-diversity of soft-bottom assemblages in a shallow vent field located in the Underwater Archeological Park of Baia MPA (Gulf of Naples, Mediterranean Sea). We investigated macro- and meiofauna communities of the ‘Secca delle fumose’ vent system in sites characterized by sulfurous (G) and carbon dioxide emissions (H) that are compared with control/inactive sites (CN and CS). Statistical analyses were performed on the most represented macrobenthic (Mollusca, Polychaeta, and Crustacea), and meiobenthic (Nematoda) taxa. Results show that the lowest synecological values are detected at H and, to a lesser extent, at G. Multivariate analyses show significant differences between hydrothermal vents (G, H) and control/inactive sites; the highest small-scale heterogeneities (measure of β-diversity) are detected at sites H and G and are mainly affected by pH, TOC (Total Organic Carbon), and cations concentrations. Such findings are probably related to acidification effects, since MPA excludes anthropic impacts. In particular, acidification markedly affects β-diversity and an increase in heterogeneity among sample replicates coupled to a decrease in number of taxa is an indicator of redundancy loss and, thus, of resilience capacity. The survival is assured to either tolerant species or those opportunistic taxa that can find good environmental conditions among gravels of sand.
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Santos, Tailine C. dos, Michelle Simões Reboita, and Vanessa Silveira Barreto Carvalho. "Investigação da Relação entre Variáveis Atmosféricas e a Concentração de MP10 E O3 no Estado de São Paulo." Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia 33, no. 4 (December 2018): 631–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-7786334006.
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Resumo O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar relações entre variáveis atmosféricas e concentrações de material particulado inalável (MP10) e ozônio (O3) registradas no estado de São Paulo. Para isso, foram utilizados dados entre 2005 a 2014 de cinco estações de monitoramento de qualidade do ar. O estudo foi baseado em duas metodologias: Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP) e campos médios meteorológicos. Nas ACP para as concentrações de O3, encontraram-se correlações positivas entorno de 0,5 e 0,6 com temperatura do ar, e correlações negativas, entre 0,4 e 0,6 com umidade relativa do ar. As contribuições das componentes do vento nas concentrações de O3 diferem de uma localidade para outra, sendo em Cubatão e Bauru maior a relação com ventos meridionais e nas demais a maior contribuição é da componente zonal, contudo, em todas as localidades as correlações são negativas com o O3. Para o MP10 teve-se as menores correlações, negativas para umidade, e praticamente nulas para temperatura. As correlações com as componentes do vento variam de acordo com a localidade. Com isso, é possível concluir que relações de MP10 com umidade são mais significativas e no caso do O3, dentre todas as variáveis, destaca-se a correlação com temperatura como a mais importante, já com relação ao vento ressalta-se a forte ligação deste com as características locais e particulares de cada estação. Os campos médios das variáveis atmosféricas revelam durante altas concentrações de MP10 e O3 a predominância da atuação do Anticiclone Subtropical do Atlântico Sul (ASAS) sobre a região Sudeste do Brasil. Com relação à temperatura do ar, as maiores concentrações de ozônio ocorreram em dias com temperaturas elevadas, e sem diferença significativa em dias de altas concentrações de MP10. Por fim, as maiores concentrações de MP10 e O3 ocorreram em dias secos e de ventos fracos.
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MacKay, D. K. "Ice Conditions in the Gulf of St.Lawrence and Cabot Strait (with particular reference to the Sydney Bight Area)." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 7, no. 14 (April 12, 2005): 211–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/020427ar.
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Les glaces qui, au printemps, se trouvent dans le détroit de Cabot et tout particulièrement dans la région de la baie Sydney, gênent souvent les traversées des bateaux passeurs entre Port-aux-Basques, Terre-Neuve et North Sydney, Nouvelle-Ecosse. Des données sur les principaux relevés des glaces dans le golfe Saint-Laurent et le détroit de Cabot ont été recueillis et étudiées en tenant compte de ce problème. Les relations qui existent entre les nuances de température, les vents et l'étendue des glaces ont été étudiées à la lumière de la statistique. La somme des températures de décembre et janvier correspond assez bien aux principales étendues des glaces qui se trouvaient dans le golfe et le détroit durant ces deux mois. L'étude des vents indique un véritable mouvement de la glace à partir du golfe en direction du détroit durant les années où des observations ont été faites. Si l'on additionne les températures et les vents et les exprime en termes de glace de dérive, on découvre que ces deux éléments sont très étroitement liés l'un à l'autre.
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Samson, Claude. "L'harmonisation du droit de la vente: l'influence de la Convention de Vienne sur l'évolution et l'harmonisation du droit des provinces canadiennes." Harmonisation du droit 32, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 1001–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/043111ar.
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La Convention de Vienne sur les contrats de vente internationale de marchandises est le résultat de difficiles compromis de la part de pays appartenant à différentes familles juridiques ; plusieurs de ses dispositions reflètent de tels compromis entre systèmes de droit civil et de common law. Sur le plan interne canadien, retrouve-t-on une telle tendance à l'harmonisation des règles du droit de la vente de marchandises en droit civil et en common law ? Dans quelle mesure ces compromis à l'échelle internationale ont-ils influé sur le projet de Code civil du Québec de même que le Uniform Sale of Goods Act, que la Conférence sur l’uniformisation des lois aproposé aux provinces de common law en vue d'en arriver à l'harmonisation du droit de la vente entre celles-ci ? L'inclusion dans la Convention de Vienne d'une disposition créant une obligation de bonne foi fut en particulier l'occasion de longs débats. Si l'inclusion dans le projet de Code civil du Québec d'une disposition reconnaissant expressément le principe de bonne foi ne soulève pas de controverse, une reconnaissance expresse du principe de bonne foi, dans le Uniform Sale of Goods Act soulève cependant encore de longs débats. L'adhésion du Canada à la Convention des Nations Unies sur les contrats de vente internationale de marchandises contribuera à harmoniser le droit applicable à ce type de transaction. Mais, on ne peut malheureusement pas parler d'harmonisation pour ce qui est des ventes interprovinciales de marchandises au Canada.
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Gimat, Matthieu, and Marie Gloor. "La vente de logements sociaux à des particuliers." Revue d’Économie Régionale & Urbaine Juin, no. 3 (2016): 527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/reru.163.0527.
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Bourbonnais, A., S. K. Juniper, D. A. Butterfield, A. H. Devol, M. M. M. Kuypers, G. Lavik, S. J. Hallam, et al. "Activity and abundance of denitrifying bacteria in the subsurface biosphere of diffuse hydrothermal vents of the Juan de Fuca Ridge." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 4 (April 3, 2012): 4177–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-4177-2012.
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Abstract. Little is known about nitrogen (N) transformations in general, and the elimination of N in particular, at diffuse vents where anoxic hydrothermal fluids have mixed with oxygenated crustal seawater prior to discharge. Oceanic N sinks that remove bio-available N ultimately affect chemosynthetic primary productivity in these ecosystems. Using 15N paired isotope techniques, we determined potential rates of fixed N-loss pathways (denitrification, anammox) and dissimilative nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) in sulfidic hydrothermal vent fluids discharging from the subsurface at several sites at Axial Volcano and the Endeavour Segment on the Juan de Fuca Ridge. We also measured physico-chemical parameters (i.e. temperature, pH, nutrients, H2S and N2O concentrations) as well as the biodiversity and abundance of chemolithotrophic nitrate-reducing, sulfur-oxidizing γ-proteobacteria (SUP05 cluster) using sequence analysis of amplified small subunit ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) genes in combination with taxon-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Denitrification was the dominant N-loss pathway in the subsurface biosphere of the Juan de Fuca Ridge, with rates of up to ~1000 nmol N l−1 day−1. In comparison, anammox rates were always <5 nmol N l−1 day−1 and below the detection limit at most of the sites. DNRA rates were up to 152 nmol N l−1 day−1. These results suggest that bacterial denitrification out-competes anammox in sulfidic hydrothermal vent waters. Taxon-specific qPCR revealed that γ-proteobacteria of the SUP05 cluster sometimes dominated the microbial community (SUP05/total bacteria up to 38%). Significant correlation existed between fixed N-loss (i.e., denitrification, anammox) rates and in-situ nitrate and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) deficits in the fluids, indicating that DIN availability may ultimately regulate N-loss in the subsurface. Based on our rate measurements, and on published data on hydrothermal fluid fluxes and residence times, we estimated that, on average, ~10 Tg N yr−1 could globally be removed in the subsurface biosphere of hydrothermal vents systems, and could thus represent a small, but significant, fraction of the total marine N loss (240–400 Tg N yr−1).
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Thériault, Geneviève St-Jacques. "Réflexions sur un terrain particulier." Ethnologies 26, no. 2 (October 19, 2006): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013751ar.
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Résumé S’appuyant sur un terrain mené depuis plus de trois ans dans différentes villes du Québec, cette note de recherche présente les réflexions de Geneviève St-Jacques Thériault sur le phénomène des ventes de garage. Son projet de maîtrise, entamé depuis septembre 2003, vise à comprendre ce que cette activité représente pour les participants, ainsi que les valeurs qui se dégagent de cette pratique. Différents concepts utiles à l’étude de ce phénomène seront abordés : la forme festive et rituelle, l’économie informelle, le jeu et, finalement, les interactions présentes lors de cette activité. Il sera finalement question du marchandage, interaction qui met en place des préoccupations rituelles, économiques et ludiques.
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Akoumany, Zykwinska, Sinquin, Marchand, Fanuel, Ropartz, Rogniaux, Pipelier, Delbarre-Ladrat, and Colliec-Jouault. "Characterization of New Oligosaccharides Obtained by An Enzymatic Cleavage of the Exopolysaccharide Produced by the Deep-Sea Bacterium Alteromonas infernus Using its Cell Extract." Molecules 24, no. 19 (September 22, 2019): 3441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193441.
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Bacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal vents constitute an attractive source of bioactive molecules. In particular, exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by these bacteria become a renewable source of both biocompatible and biodegradable molecules. The low molecular weight (LMW) derivatives of the GY785 EPS produced by the deep-sea hydrothermal vent strain Alteromonas infernus have previously displayed some biological properties, similar to those of glycosaminoglycans (GAG), explored in cancer and tissue engineering. These GAG-mimetic derivatives are obtained through a free radical depolymerization process, which could, however, affect their structural integrity. In a previous study, we have shown that A. infernus produces depolymerizing enzymes active on its own EPS. In the present study, an enzymatic reaction was optimized to generate LMW derivatives of the GY785 EPS, which could advantageously replace the present bioactive derivatives obtained by a chemical process. Analysis by mass spectrometry of the oligosaccharide fractions released after enzymatic treatment revealed that mainly a lyase activity was responsible for the polysaccharide depolymerization. The repeating unit of the GY785 EPS produced by enzyme cleavage was then fully characterized.
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Debouche, Sonia. "Ventes "à marchands? ou ventes aux particuliers : le fonctionnement langagier du marchandage en brocante." Langage et société 107, no. 1 (2004): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ls.107.0055.
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Tamburello, Moune, Allard, Venugopal, Robert, Rosas-Carbajal, Deroussi, et al. "Spatio-Temporal Relationships between Fumarolic Activity, Hydrothermal Fluid Circulation and Geophysical Signals at an Arc Volcano in Degassing Unrest: La Soufrière of Guadeloupe (French West Indies)." Geosciences 9, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9110480.
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： Over the past two decades, La Soufrière volcano in Guadeloupe has displayed a growing degassing unrest whose actual source mechanism still remains unclear. Based on new measurements of the chemistry and mass flux of fumarolic gas emissions from the volcano, here we reveal spatio-temporal variations in the degassing features that closely relate to the 3D underground circulation of fumarolic fluids, as imaged by electrical resistivity tomography, and to geodetic-seismic signals recorded over the past two decades. Discrete monthly surveys of gas plumes from the various vents on La Soufrière lava dome, performed with portable MultiGAS analyzers, reveal important differences in the chemical proportions and fluxes of H2O, CO2, H2S, SO2 and H2, which depend on the vent location with respect to the underground circulation of fluids. In particular, the main central vents, though directly connected to the volcano conduit and preferentially surveyed in past decades, display much higher CO2/SO2 and H2S/SO2 ratios than peripheral gas emissions, reflecting greater SO2 scrubbing in the boiling hydrothermal water at 80–100 m depth. Gas fluxes demonstrate an increased bulk degassing of the volcano over the past 10 years, but also a recent spatial shift in fumarolic degassing intensity from the center of the lava dome towards its SE–NE sector and the Breislack fracture. Such a spatial shift is in agreement with both extensometric and seismic evidence of fault widening in this sector due to slow gravitational sliding of the southern dome sector. Our study thus provides an improved framework to monitor and interpret the evolution of gas emissions from La Soufrière in the future and to better forecast hazards from this dangerous andesitic volcano.
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Nanni, Sara. "Les Verts allemands et la Bundeswehr – un lien particulier." Allemagne d'aujourd'hui N° 235, no. 1 (March 3, 2021): 203–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/all.235.0203.
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Loli Poma, Telmo. "11. La publicidad y su incidencia en las ventas de las instituciones educativas particulares en la ciudad de Huaraz." APORTE SANTIAGUINO 11, no. 1 (July 19, 2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.32911/as.2018.v11.n1.462.
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El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar en qué medida influye la publicidad en las ventas de las instituciones educativas particulares en la ciudad de Huaraz, 2010. El tipo de investigación fue aplicada y el diseño no experimental y transversal. La información se recolectó a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario a los 12 (censo) directores y otro cuestionario a 305 (muestra) padres de familia de las instituciones educativas particulares en la ciudad de Huaraz, instituciones que tienen los niveles de primaria o secundaria de menores. Los datos obtenidos de los directores se estudiaron mediante estadística descriptiva y los datos obtenidos de los padres de familia se analizaron mediante la prueba chi-cuadrado resultando que las ventas dependen de la publicidad (p-valor<0,05). Complementariamente se analizó la serie temporal bivariable (gastos en publicidad y ventas) mediante la prueba del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, análisis que permitió determinar que existe una fuerte relación entre estas variables. Se concluye que la publicidad influye en las ventas de las instituciones educativas particulares en la ciudad de Huaraz.
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Cardoso Vargas, Carlos Enrique. "¿A dónde exportan las firmas, por qué eligen ese mercado, quiénes venden más y cuántas comercian? Un análisis con firmas manufactureras localizadas en México." El Trimestre Económico 85, no. 339 (July 5, 2018): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v85i339.399.
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Antecedentes: son escasas las investigaciones que examinan los patrones de comercio que exhiben los países alrededor del mundo, y lo son aún más para países en desarrollo. .A donde es factible que las empresas exporten?, ¿por qué las firmas prefieren un destino de venta en lugar de otro?, ¿qué firmas venden más una vez que exportan y cuantas de ellas comercian en los mercados foráneos? Éstas son preguntas que tienen implicaciones de política pública, tanto en el incremento en las ventas externas como en la diversificación de las exportaciones en mercados foráneos.Metodología: mediante un modelo de equilibrio parcial de firmas heterogéneas inspirado en Melitz (2003) se derivan distintas hipótesis para dar respuesta a las interrogantes. La evaluación se realiza utilizando un panel construido con información sobre los flujos comercio y datos de producción de una muestra de empresas manufactureras localizadas en México de 2004 a 2010. Cardoso-Vargas, Un análisis con firmas manufactureras localizadas en México 603Resultados: es más probable que los exportadores vendan a grandes mercados, aunque esa posibilidad se ve restringida por los costos de transporte para llegar a esos destinos: firmas con mayor productividad y tamaño tienen mayor probabilidad de exportar a más países. La selección del destino de exportación de la firma se ve influenciada por el tamaño y la productividad de la empresa, así como por la demanda en el país de destino y la experiencia exportadora en un mercado en particular. Un crecimiento de 10% en la productividad aumentaría en 4.2% la posibilidad de las firmas de elegir al mercado latinoamericano en lugar del norteamericano; con esa alza sería posible que incrementara en 2.5 o 2.4% la probabilidad de exportar a Europa o Asia, en lugar de seleccionar América del Norte. Por su parte, un incremento de 10% en la demanda externa global ocasionaría una disminución entre 2.8 y 12.2% en la probabilidad de seleccionar a otros destinos de venta con respecto al mercado norteamericano.Conclusiones: aumentos en la productividad y el tamaño de las firmas exportadoras presupondría un aumento en su nivel de ventas en el exterior. En términos de diversificación de las ventas externas, el sustituir el comercio con el mercado de Norteamérica es complicado; no obstante, los destinos más razonables serian Europa y Asia. La estrategia para ampliar las exportaciones a otros países en empresas pequeñas y medianas debería enfocarse en incrementar tanto su productividad y tamaño como en mejorar su acceso a esas áreas; para empresas más grandes, mejorar el acceso seria no solo una estrategia indispensable, sino la que muy posiblemente podría dar resultados en un menor tiempo.
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Ortiz del Valle, Mª del Carmen. "La doctrina del Tribunal Supremo sobre la anulabilidad de la compraventa de vivienda futura por vicio en el consentimiento con ocultación de irregularidades urbanísticas. Delimitación del riesgo cubierto por las garantías previstas en la legislación sobre cantidades anticipadas." REVISTA LEX MERCATORIA Doctrina, Praxis, Jurisprudencia y Legislación 5, no. 1 (February 6, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21134/lex.v5i1.1441.
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Resulta práctica habitual en nuestros días que el acceso a la propiedad de una vivienda se produzca a través de las ventas sobre plano. El legislador estatal aprobó la Ley 57/1968, de 27 de julio, sobre percibo de cantidades anticipadas en la construcción y venta de viviendas. Dicha Ley ha sido derogada tras la entrada en vigor de la Ley 20/2015, de 14 de julio, de Ordenación, Supervisión y Solvencia de las Entidades Aseguradoras y Reaseguradoras (LOSSEAR) que da nuevo contenido a la Disposición Adicional 1ª de la Ley 38/1999, de 5 de noviembre, de Ordenación de la Edificación. Bajo la rúbrica “Percepción de cantidades a cuenta del precio durante la construcción”, la DA 1ª LOE pretende actualizar el régimen de las cantidades adelantadas en la compraventa de viviendas. No obstante, y a pesar de ser más completo, este nuevo régimen en muy poco mejora al anterior planteando similares dudas e incertidumbres. Particular interés adquiere la extensión y el concepto del riesgo cubierto por la garantía.
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Sousa, Filipa L., Thorsten Thiergart, Giddy Landan, Shijulal Nelson-Sathi, Inês A. C. Pereira, John F. Allen, Nick Lane, and William F. Martin. "Early bioenergetic evolution." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1622 (July 19, 2013): 20130088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0088.
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Life is the harnessing of chemical energy in such a way that the energy-harnessing device makes a copy of itself. This paper outlines an energetically feasible path from a particular inorganic setting for the origin of life to the first free-living cells. The sources of energy available to early organic synthesis, early evolving systems and early cells stand in the foreground, as do the possible mechanisms of their conversion into harnessable chemical energy for synthetic reactions. With regard to the possible temporal sequence of events, we focus on: (i) alkaline hydrothermal vents as the far-from-equilibrium setting, (ii) the Wood–Ljungdahl (acetyl-CoA) pathway as the route that could have underpinned carbon assimilation for these processes, (iii) biochemical divergence, within the naturally formed inorganic compartments at a hydrothermal mound, of geochemically confined replicating entities with a complexity below that of free-living prokaryotes, and (iv) acetogenesis and methanogenesis as the ancestral forms of carbon and energy metabolism in the first free-living ancestors of the eubacteria and archaebacteria, respectively. In terms of the main evolutionary transitions in early bioenergetic evolution, we focus on: (i) thioester-dependent substrate-level phosphorylations, (ii) harnessing of naturally existing proton gradients at the vent–ocean interface via the ATP synthase, (iii) harnessing of Na + gradients generated by H + /Na + antiporters, (iv) flavin-based bifurcation-dependent gradient generation, and finally (v) quinone-based (and Q-cycle-dependent) proton gradient generation. Of those five transitions, the first four are posited to have taken place at the vent. Ultimately, all of these bioenergetic processes depend, even today, upon CO 2 reduction with low-potential ferredoxin (Fd), generated either chemosynthetically or photosynthetically, suggesting a reaction of the type ‘reduced iron → reduced carbon’ at the beginning of bioenergetic evolution.
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Vázquez García, Verónica. "Género y privatización de la tierra. Dominio pleno y derecho del tanto en Atenco, Estado de México." Sociedad y Ambiente, no. 13 (June 30, 2017): 59–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31840/sya.v2017i13.1755.
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Las políticas neoliberales han generado pobreza, migración e individualización de la propiedad agraria. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el proceso de venta de tierras en cuatro de los seis ejidos que conforman al municipio de Atenco, Estado de México, poniendo particular énfasis en la adopción de dominio pleno y en el ejercicio del derecho del tanto por parte de las mujeres. La originalidad del artículo reside no solo en analizar la privatización de la tierra desde el enfoque de género, sino también en hacerlo en un municipio conocido históricamente por la defensa del territorio. Los datos fueron obtenidos a través de tres métodos: análisis de documentos ejidales, observación participante, y entrevistas grupales e individuales. Se identificaron dos patrones en la adopción del dominio pleno y en el ejercicio del derecho del tanto. En el primero, las transacciones se realizaron de manera individual (parcela por parcela), mientras que en el segundo las ventas fueron grupales. En ambos casos, las autoridades no protegieron los derechos de las mujeres y ellas tampoco los hicieron valer debido a su falta de información sobre cómo defender el patrimonio familiar.
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Müller, Gabriela V., Simone E. T. Ferraz, and Tércio Ambrizzi. "Propagacão das ondas de rossby nos invernos de máxima freqüência de ocorrência de geadas na pampa úmida." Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia 24, no. 1 (March 2009): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-77862009000100006.
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Neste trabalho estudou-se a influência dos padrões de onda extratropicais, que favorecem o desenvolvimento de eventos extremos frios no sudeste Sul-Americano, e em particular na região conhecida como Pampa Úmida. O aquecimento anômalo observado na região do oceano Pacífico tropical ocidental a nordeste da Austrália, durante os invernos de máxima freqüência de ocorrência de Geadas Generalizadas (GG) no centro-leste da Argentina, (região conhecida como Pampa Úmida - PU), atua como disparador de ondas de Rossby, as quais se propagam até o continente, favorecendo assim a ocorrência daqueles eventos. O padrão de propagação obtido nas simulações numéricas com um modelo baroclínico global, mostra o predomínio de um número de onda 3. Adicionalmente, foram analisadas as correlações do vento meridional em altos e baixos níveis observados para os eventos de GG, selecionados dentro dos invernos de máxima freqüência de ocorrência desses eventos. O vento meridional global em 250hPa apresenta regiões com correlação estatisticamente significativa com o vento meridional médio na PU. A configuração obtida no caso do vento meridional global em 250hPa, correlacionado com o vento meridional na PU, pode estar associada ao padrão de propagação das ondas simuladas numericamente a partir da forçante tropical. Igualmente importantes e significativos são os valores de correlação do vento sul nos baixos níveis, em particular para toda região da PU. O padrão de ondas simulado está bem representado pelas significativas correlações entre o vento meridional hemisférico em altos níveis e a temperatura no dia de evento de GG.
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Feely, Richard A., Maureen Lewison, Gary J. Massoth, Gillian Robert-Baldo, J. William Lavelle, Robert H. Byrne, Karen L. Von Damm, and Herbert C. Curl. "Composition and dissolution of black smoker particulates from active vents on the Juan de Fuca Ridge." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 92, B11 (October 10, 1987): 11347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb092ib11p11347.
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Rueda Ramírez, Pedro José. "Libros venales: los catálogos de venta de los libreros e impresores andaluces (siglos XVII-XVIII)." Estudios Humanísticos. Historia, no. 11 (November 10, 2015): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehh.v0i11.3166.
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El artículo analiza doce catálogos de venta de libros impresos en Andalucía (cinco del siglo XVII y siete del siglo XVIIII). Hasta el momento conocíamos cinco catálogos, lo que ofrecía una imagen periférica del catálogo como herramienta de venta en las librerías andaluzas. Los nuevos catálogos localizados permiten ampliar perspectivas, al mostrar el papel de los libreros sevillanos en la publicación de catálogos para la venta en Nueva España (con cinco catálogos publicados entre 1680-1689). La venta en los territorios de la Corona española en América fue clave en las actividades de los libreros sevillanos y gaditanos, que utilizaron catálogos como medio de difundir los libros remitidos a Indias. Además se ofrece una panorámica de las librerías de Cádiz, Córdoba, Málaga y Granada que durante el siglo XVIII utilizaron catálogos como medios de venta de libros en el mercado andaluz y americano. El trabajo analiza catálogos de venta de surtido, de bibliotecas particulares o de fondos editoriales, el público al que se dirigen (venta a los lectores o al por mayor en resmas y docenas) y el grado de especialización de la oferta (libros únicamente en latín, inclusión de estampas “finas”, etc.)
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Zhao, Qian, Xuxu Yang, Chunxin Ma, Di Chen, Hao Bai, Tiefeng Li, Wei Yang, and Tao Xie. "A bioinspired reversible snapping hydrogel assembly." Materials Horizons 3, no. 5 (2016): 422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6mh00167j.
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Typical hydrogels undergo slow and continuous shape change. Inspired by the Venus Flytrap, the current work presents a hydrogel assembly that can reversibly undergo a non-continuous rapid snapping shape change due to a bi-stable structure of the assembly. In particular, the reversible snapping change goes beyond the Venus Flytrap and is not known in the literature.
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Arroyo Aparicio, Alicia. "Productos de lujo y distribución a través de plataformas de internet desde el Derecho Europeo de la Competencia (TJUE C-230/16, Asunto Coty) = Luxury products and distribution through internet platforms from the European Competition Law (ECJ C-230/16, Coty Case)." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 11, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2019.4637.
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Resumen: Este estudio analiza la jurisprudencia del TJUE referida a los acuerdos de distribución selectiva de productos cosméticos de lujo y la compatibilidad de la restricción de las ventas de esos productos a través de plataformas de internet (on line) con el Derecho protector de la libre competencia de la UE. Se tiene en cuenta en particular la Sentencia de 6 de diciembre de 2017, Asunto Coty Germany GbmH c. Parfümerie Akzente GmbH, si bien se observa la jurisprudencia en general así como desde la recaída en el Asunto Metro hasta dicha sentencia. Tres cuestiones son destacadas: distribución selectiva y Derecho de la Competencia; la compatibilidad de la prohibición de comercializar en plataformas de internet –“amazon.de” es la plataforma concreta del Asunto Coty– y la interconexión con el Derecho de marcas.Palabras clave: distribución selectiva, plataformas de venta en internet, productos de lujo, Derecho de la Competencia, Asunto Coty.Abstract: This study analyzes EJC Case Law referring to the selective distribution agreements of luxury cosmetic products and the compatibility of the restriction of sales of these products through online platforms, under the perspective of Antitrust European Law. In particular, the Judgment of December 6, 2017, Coty Germany GbmH c. Parfümerie Akzente GmbH is considered, but also it is important to take into account the evolution from Metro Case to Coty. Three issues are highlighted: selective distribution and Competition Law, compatibility of the prohibition to market on internet platforms - “amazon.de” was the specific platform in Coty- Case and the interconnection with the Trademarks Law.Keywords: selective distribution, on line sales and platform bans, Antitrust Law, Coty Case.
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Licoppe, Christian. "Commerce électronique, la question de la vente aux particuliers sur l'Internet (« business to consumers »)." Réseaux 18, no. 100 (2000): 359–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/reso.2000.2228.
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Kantor, Yu I., N. Puillandre, K. Fraussen, A. E. Fedosov, and P. Bouchet. "Deep-water Buccinidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) from sunken wood, vents and seeps: molecular phylogeny and taxonomy." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 93, no. 8 (July 9, 2013): 2177–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315413000672.
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Buccinidae—like other canivorous and predatory molluscs—are generally considered to be occasional visitors or rare colonizers in deep-sea biogenic habitats. However, casual observations during tropical deep-sea cruises suggest that associations between buccinids and sunken wood, in particular, are not fortuitous. Enigmatocolus monnieri has been found to co-occur in Madagascar with bathymodiolines, vesicomyids and solemyids, indicating the presence of seeps, and species of Thermosipho gen. nov. have been sampled by submersibles and remotely operated vehicles, exclusively from hydrothermal vents. A molecular phylogeny (based on CO1, 12S and 28S genes) reveals that buccinid genera potentially associated with sunken wood (Eosipho, Gaillea gen. nov., Calagrassor gen. nov., and Manaria) are closely related to taxa from vents (Thermosipho gen. nov.) and seeps (Enigmaticolus). The anatomy of several dissected species did not reveal any special trait that could be interpreted as a special adaptation to biogenic substrates. Buccinids from sunken wood are most diverse in the Indo-Pacific centre of marine biodiversity, the ‘Coral Triangle’, at depths between 100 and 1000 m, with numerous species still undescribed.
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Rawat, Vijay P. S., Natalia Arseni, Farid Ahmed, Medhanie A. Mulaw, Silvia Thoene, Bernhard Heilmeier, Tim Sadlon, et al. "The Vent-Like Homeobox Gene VENTX Promotes Human Myeloid Development and Is Highly Expressed In Acute Myeloid Leukemia." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.739.739.
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Abstract Abstract 739 Recent studies suggest that a variety of regulatory molecules active in embryonic development such as clustered and non-clustered homeobox genes play an important role in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Since it was shown that the Xvent-2 homeobox gene is part of the BMP-4 signalling pathway in Xenopus, it is of particular interest to examine the expression profile and function of its only recently discovered human homologue VENTX in hematopoietic development. Expression of the VENTX gene was analyzed in normal human hematopoiesis and AML patients samples by microarray and qPCR. To test the impact of the constitutive expression of VENTX on human progenitor cells, CD34+ cord blood (CB) cells were retrovirally transduced with VENTX or the empty control vector and analyzed using in vitro and in vivo assays. So far we and others have not been able to identify a murine Xenopus xvent gene homologue. However, we were able to document the expression of this gene by qPCR in human lineage positive hematopoietic subpopulations. Amongst committed progenitors VENTX was significantly 13-fold higher expressed in CD33+ BM myeloid cells (4/4 positive) compared to CD19+ BM lymphoid cells (5/7 positive, p=0.01). Of note, expression of VENTX was negligible in normal CD34+/CD38− but detectable in CD34+ BM human progenitor cells. In contrast to this, leukemic CD34+/CD38− from AML patients (n=3) with translocation t(8,21) showed significantly elevated expression levels compared to normal CD34+ BM cells (n=5) (50-fold higher; p≤0.0001). Furthermore, patients with normal karyotype NPM1c+/FLT3-LM− (n=9), NPM1c−/FLT3-LM+ (n=8) or patients with t(8;21) (n=9) had an >100-fold higher expression of VENTX compared to normal CD34+ BM cells and a 5- to 7.8-fold higher expression compared to BM MNCs. Importantly, lentivirus-mediated long-term silencing of VENTX in human AML cell lines (mRNA knockdown between 58% and 75%) led to a significant, reduction in cell number compared to the non-silencing control construct (>79% after 120h). Suggesting that growth of human leukemic cell lines depends on VENTX expression in vitro. As we observed that VENTX is aberrantly expressed in leukemic CD34+ cells with negligible expression in normal counterparts, we assessed the impact of forced VENTX gene expression in normal CD34+ human progenitor cells on the transcription program. Gene expression and pathway analysis demonstrated that in normal CD34+ cells enforced expression of VENTX initiates genes associated with myeloid development (CD11b, CD125, CD9,CD14 and M-CSF), and downregulates genes involved in early lymphoid development (IL-7, IL-9R, LEF1/TCF and C-JUN) and erythroid development such as EPOR, CD35 and CD36. We then tested whether enforced expression of VENTX in CD34+ cells is able to alter the hematopoietic development of early human progenitors as indicated by gene expression and pathway analyses. Functional analyses confirmed that aberrant expression of VENTX in normal CD34+ human progenitor cells induced a significant increase in the number of myeloid colonies compared to the GFP control with 48 ± 6.5 compared to 28.9 ± 4.8 CFU-G per 1000 initially plated CD34+ cells (n=11; p=0.03) and complete block in erythroid colony formation with an 81% reduction of the number of BFU-E compared to the control (n=11; p<0.003). In a feeder dependent co-culture system, VENTX impaired the development of B-lymphoid cells. In the NOD/SCID xenograft model, VENTX expression in CD34+ CB cells promoted generation of myeloid cells with an over 5-fold and 2.5-fold increase in the proportion of human CD15+ and CD33+ primitive myeloid cells compared to the GFP control (n=5, p=0.01). Summary: Overexpression of VENTX perturbs normal hematopoietic development, promotes generation of myeloid cells and impairs generation of lymphoid cells in vitro and in vivo. Whereas VENTX depletion in human AML cell lines impaired their growth.Taken together, these data extend our insights into the function of human embryonic mesodermal factors in human hematopoiesis and indicate a role of VENTX in normal and malignant myelopoiesis. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Carmona Gonzalez, Manuela, Yuliet Carvajal Muñoz, Saudy Milena Aguirre Serna, Francisco José Ocampo Giraldo, and Adriana María Flórez Laiseca. "Determinantes del crecimiento empresarial en el sector manufacturero colombiano." Panorama Económico 28, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32997/pe-2020-2665.
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El presente documento analiza los determinantes del crecimiento empresarial del sector manufacturero en Colombia, con particular énfasis en factores internos como el capital humano, el valor agregado, el valor de las ventas, los costos de producción, administración y ventas, con base la teoría del crecimiento proporcional de Gibrat (1931). Se tuvo en consideración las diferencias entre departamentos y se realizó una estimación econométrica de datos panel para el periodo 2008-2016, empleando para tal fin la información estadística de la Encuesta Anual Manufacturera del DANE. Las variables que influyen en el crecimiento empresarial de las empresas del sector manufacturero son: costo de producción, administración y ventas, valor agregado y años de escolaridad. Si se considera la aglomeración de departamentos según niveles del PIB, aquellos con niveles de ingresos bajos y medios, carecen de mano de obra calificada. Lo contrario sucede con departamentos que presentan niveles de ingresos altos quienes se convierten en receptores de la mano de obra calificada, lo que explica el incremento en las ventas y el valor agregado en los departamentos
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Mitarai, Satoshi, Hiromi Watanabe, Yuichi Nakajima, Alexander F. Shchepetkin, and James C. McWilliams. "Quantifying dispersal from hydrothermal vent fields in the western Pacific Ocean." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 11 (February 29, 2016): 2976–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1518395113.
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Hydrothermal vent fields in the western Pacific Ocean are mostly distributed along spreading centers in submarine basins behind convergent plate boundaries. Larval dispersal resulting from deep-ocean circulations is one of the major factors influencing gene flow, diversity, and distributions of vent animals. By combining a biophysical model and deep-profiling float experiments, we quantify potential larval dispersal of vent species via ocean circulation in the western Pacific Ocean. We demonstrate that vent fields within back-arc basins could be well connected without particular directionality, whereas basin-to-basin dispersal is expected to occur infrequently, once in tens to hundreds of thousands of years, with clear dispersal barriers and directionality associated with ocean currents. The southwest Pacific vent complex, spanning more than 4,000 km, may be connected by the South Equatorial Current for species with a longer-than-average larval development time. Depending on larval dispersal depth, a strong western boundary current, the Kuroshio Current, could bridge vent fields from the Okinawa Trough to the Izu-Bonin Arc, which are 1,200 km apart. Outcomes of this study should help marine ecologists estimate gene flow among vent populations and design optimal marine conservation plans to protect one of the most unusual ecosystems on Earth.
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Andreevsky, Marc, and Roberto Frau. "Compte rendu de la conférence internationale EVAN 2019." La Houille Blanche, no. 1 (February 2020): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2020004.
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Edf-R&D-Chatou a accueilli la conférence internationale EVAN (Advances in Extreme Value Analysis and application to Natural Hazard) du 17 au 19 septembre 2019 réunissant chercheurs, ingénieurs, étudiants et universitaires. Cette conférence a été l’occasion pour tous les professionnels présents de partager leurs expériences et leurs idées sur l’étude des variables géophysiques extrêmes (niveau de la mer, vents, vagues, neige, température, précipitations, débits…) et les travaux liés aux risques naturels (inondations, submersion marine, tempêtes de vent, vagues de chaleur, sécheresses, glissements de terrain, orages, érosion, tremblement de terre et tsunami). Le Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement (LNHE) d'EDF et le Laboratoire Saint Venant ont organisé cet évènement avec la Société Hydrotechnique de France (SHF). Trois invités d’honneur, qui ont été très appréciées, sont intervenus au cours ces trois journées d’échanges : (1) Taha Ouarda, professeur d’hydrométéorologie et de statistique à l’INRS (Canada) ; (2) Neil Macdonald, professeur de géographie à Université de Liverpool (UK) ; (3) Dario Camuffo, professeur de physique et membre du « National Research Council » (Italie). Ce que l’on retiendra sans doute de particulier est l’importance des évènements historiques extrêmes naturels permettant, d’une part, d’avoir de longues chroniques d’extrêmes (ce qui est toujours mieux pour faire des statistiques) et aussi permettant une approche très prudente quant à la perception de tendances éventuelles à court ou long terme. Par ailleurs, l’organisation générale a été très bien réussie, et l’on doit, d’ailleurs, remercier l’équipe très professionnelle du Campus de Chatou qui est d’une aide précieuse pour le succès de la conférence. Le cycle des conférences EVAN continue car en 2021, cela se déroulera à l’université de Floride et, en 2023, à Venise. Enfin, un « Special Issue » de la revue internationale NHESS va être ouvert aux participants de la conférence EVAN 2019, avec une soumission possible avant le 31 mars 2020.
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Theodorou, Alexis, and Saima Ali. "Venus: victim or violator?" Gendercide - Gender Divide 3, no. 1 (August 19, 2021): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/ijfp.v3n1.2021.54.
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This article explores sexual boundary violations and their clinical implications in forensic settings. In particular, the authors consider whether female professional and male patient relationship transgressions have similar clinical meanings as the inverse, or whether there is an inherent or perceived difference between genders. Furthermore, attention is brought to the problematic aspects of reductive, dichotomous interpretations of victim–violator relationships. Composite cases of such clinical "accidents" are presented. These are set within secure environments in the United Kingdom. The scope of these cases encompasses incidents between clinician and patient, as well as inter-professional boundary violations. By discussing these vignettes, the authors demonstrate the risk of a subtle, gradual, and insidious erosion of boundaries, alongside more overt incidents of a sexual nature and abuse of power. Contemporary societal factors that may influence conscious and unconscious biases will also be considered in the post #MeToo world. Where clinical examples are given, they are composites of cases reported in the public domain known to the authors. They are clinically accurate but do not involve actual identifiable people and cases.
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Pérez-de-Tejada, H. "Structure of the Venus ionosheath." Geofísica Internacional 31, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1992.31.1.1305.
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Se presenta un resumen de observaciones experimentales realizadas en la región de interacción del viento solar con la ionosfera del planeta Venus. En particular, se discuten mediciones del flujo de viento solar entre la ionopausa (frontera exterior de la ionosfera) y el frente de choque que se forma al frente de ella. En esta región (llamada ionofunda) existe una transición intermedia que la divide en 2 estratos e características muy diferentes. En la parte interior el plasma se mueve más lentamente, es más caliente y menos denso que en la parte exterior. Esta transacción se observa por los flancos de la ionofunda y se extiende hacia atrás del planeta por los lados de la cauda de plasma planetario.
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Pond, David W., Michael V. Bell, David R. Dixon, Anthony E. Fallick, Michel Segonzac, and John R. Sargent. "Stable-Carbon-Isotope Composition of Fatty Acids in Hydrothermal Vent Mussels Containing Methanotrophic and Thiotrophic Bacterial Endosymbionts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.1.370-375.1998.
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ABSTRACT Fatty acid biomarker analysis coupled with gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry was used to confirm the presence of methanotrophic and thiotrophic bacterial endosymbionts in the tissues of a hydrothermal vent mussel (Bathymodiolussp.), collected from the Menez Gwen vent field on the mid-Atlantic ridge. Monounsaturated (n-8) fatty acids, which are diagnostic of methanotrophic bacteria, were detected in all three types of tissues examined (gill, posterior adductor, and mantle), although levels were highest in gill tissues where the bacteria were found. Stable-carbon-isotope compositions (δ-13C per mille relative to that of Peedee belemnite) of fatty acids for all three tissues ranged from −24.9 to −34.9‰, which encompasses the range predicted for both thiotroph- and methanotroph-based nutrition. The data suggest that these thio- and methanotrophic bacterial endosymbionts are equally important in the nutrition of the vent mussel at this particular vent site.
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Aguilera Saavedra, María Rosario, Ronald Gustavo Durán Saucedo, Guadalupe Aramayo Solís, and Juan Manuel Vaca Villarroel. "Una imagen vale más que mil imágenes." Revista de ecocardiografía práctica y otras técnicas de imagen cardíaca 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37615/retic.v4n1a5.
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Mujer de 33 años, sin antecedentes de importancia, que debuta con clínica de disnea al realizar viajes a la altura. Se evaluó con múltiples exámenes de imágenes diagnosticándose el Síndrome de Cimitarra, una malformación congénita poco frecuente que se caracteriza por una conexión anormal entre las venas pulmonares derechas a la vena cava inferior, aurícula derecha o venas suprahepáticas. La evaluación de las técnicas de imagen multimodal tienen un rol importante en el diagnóstico y pronóstico de las patologías cardiovasculares, en este caso particular un método sencillo como la radiografía de tórax permitió sospechar su presencia.
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Hollander, Philip. "Pursuing Universalism Through the Particular: Zionism and Transnational Modernism in Arieli's "In the Light of Venus"." Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies 39, no. 2 (2021): 83–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sho.2021.0025.
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Ezcurdia, Maite. "Modos de presentación y modos de determinación." Crítica (México D. F. En línea) 27, no. 80 (January 8, 1995): 57–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iifs.18704905e.1995.992.
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In this paper I argue that, in order to make (T1) and (T2) compatible within a Fregean approach, we must reject the view that all modes of presentation are senses. (T1) There is a diversity of ways in which Venus may be presented to each subject, and which are associated with the name ‘Venus’. (T2) There is only one Fregean thought expressed by the sentence ‘Venus is a planet’. Modes of presentation are those things which are essentially psychological and have causal powers on minds. The mind of a subject is sensitive to differences in modes of presentation, so that if an object is presented to a subject under different modes of presentation and she has no reason to believe that they are modes of presentation of one and the same object, then she may take opposing attitudes involving those different modes of presentation. In contrast, senses are those things which are essentially semantic. For this reason, I propose that they be understood as certain ways of determining the reference of terms, and either are given by the semantic rules for those terms or are identical to those semantic rules. I agree with McDowell that an interpretive truth-theory for a language L gives us a theory of sense for L, and that something like (V) ‘Venus’ refers to Venus will give us the axiom which assigns the semantic value for ‘Venus’ within such a theory, and which is necessary in order to derive the interpretive truth-conditions of a sentence like ‘Venus is a planet’. An axiom like ‘Venus’ refers to Hesperus will not do within a theory of sense. Nonetheless, it will do within a theory of reference, a truth-theory which delivers not interpretive truth-conditions, but purely referential truth conditions. The purely referential truth-conditions for an indicative atomic sentence are, I claim, those which are specified by specifying those features in the world (objects, properties, etc.) to which the meaningful parts of the sentence refer, representing them as related in a certain way. For the specification of such truth-conditions, the difference in cognitive value between two sentences will not matter, whereas it will matter for the specification of interpretive truth-conditions. Now, senses are introduced to allow for an explanation of the difference in cognitive value between sentences with the same purely referential truth-conditions. An indication of when two sentences differ in cognitive value is when it is possible for a subject who is rational and understands the language in question to take opposing attitudes to those sentences (or their contents —whatever those contents are); and if there is in fact such a subject who takes opposing attitudes to those sentences, then those sentences differ in their cognitive value. Given this connection between cognitive value and a subject’s attitudes, and given the purpose for which senses are introduced, we must suppose that a subject’s mind must be sensitive to differences in senses, and so, that senses must be psychologically relevant. My proposal, which aims to establish some kind of identity between some modes of presentation under certain conditions and those ways of determination which are senses, is as follows: A psychological mode of presentation M is a way of determination which is a sense relative to a particular expression e in a public language L which aids in expressing propositional attitude P if and only if i the subject who has M and who is sufficiently competent in L knows (or realizes) that M goes with e in L; ii no other proposition e′ in L is more adequate for reporting the subject’s propositional attitude P; iii M is crucial in the subject’s rational failure to make certain identifications; and iv M is an appropriate function to an appropriate reference. Only the mode of presentation associated with ‘Venus’ that satisfies conditions i-iv relative to ‘Venus’ which aids in expressing a propositional attitude like the belief that Venus is a planet, will be the sense of ‘Venus’. I argue that only the mode of presentation of Venus as Venus will do, and that such mode of presentation is implicit in the way of determination shown by (V). Other modes of presentation of Venus as being big or appearing in the sky in the evenings or being the second planet in proximity to the sun will not satisfy conditions i–iv. Thus, although a subject may have all these modes of presentation of Venus and associate them with ‘Venus’ (i.e. (T1)), only the mode of presentation of Venus as Venus will do as the sense of ‘Venus’. Hence, only one thought will be expressed by a sentence like ‘Venus is a planet’ (i.e. (T2)).
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Aryan, H., M. A. Balikhin, A. Taktakishvili, and T. L. Zhang. "Observation of shocks associated with CMEs in 2007." Annales Geophysicae 32, no. 3 (March 12, 2014): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-223-2014.
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Abstract. The interaction of CMEs with the solar wind can lead to the formation of interplanetary shocks. Ions accelerated at these shocks contribute to the solar energetic protons observed in the vicinity of the Earth. Recently a joint analysis of Venus Express (VEX) and STEREO data by Russell et al. (2009) have shown that the formation of strong shocks associated with Co-rotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) takes place between the orbits of Venus and the Earth as a result of coalescence of weaker shocks formed earlier. The present study uses VEX and Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) data in order to analyse shocks associated with CMEs that erupted on 29 and 30 July 2007 during the solar wind conjunction period between Venus and the Earth. For these particular cases it is shown that the above scenario of shock formation proposed for CIRs also takes place for CMEs. Contradiction with shock formation resulting from MHD modelling is explained by inability of classical MHD to account for the role of wave dispersion in the formation of the shock.
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Renčko, Tomáš, and Anna Sedláková. "CFD Proposals for the Layout of Air Vents for Realization of Underfloor Air Cavity Created from Special Fittings." Selected Scientific Papers - Journal of Civil Engineering 8, no. 2 (November 1, 2013): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sspjce-2013-0018.
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Abstract In basement acting humidity can be removed using ventilated flooring created from special fittings. Particular attention should be paid to the design layout of inlet and outlet of openings. The aim of the correct proposal is the even distribution of air flow over the whole surface of the cavity. To achieve this state and to objective evaluate the air flow in the gaps, which are made up of shaped objects, the work uses CFD simulations. Based on computational simulations, structural designs of underfloor air cavities created using special fittings are designed. As results are the proposals for the layout of air vents for historic buildings for realization in Kosice.
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Kusuma, Ilham Adi, Dicky Beo Alfiyanto, Pudji Srianto, Nusdianto Triakoso, and Djoko Legowo. "Morfometry Study of Hemipenis Biawak Air Varanus Salvator on Length Measurement of Snouth Vent Length (Svl) Andbody Weight." KnE Life Sciences 3, no. 6 (December 3, 2017): 742. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/kls.v3i6.1205.
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Varanus salvator is a water reptile that has various kinds depends on the habitat. Varanus salvator has been hunted by people for hundreds or even thousands of years, therefore the populations decreased. People used Varanus salvator as a source of protein and as medicine for particular parts of the body. Informations about Varanus salvator reproductive anatomy was highly needed as the base of conservation. The objective of this research was to know the corelation of snouth vent length and body weight to the size of hemipenes. Forty male Varanus salvator in random sizes was measured in snoth vent length and body weight, then the measurement’s result was analized and correlated with the size of hemipenes. The size of hemipenes was the length of hemipenes, the diameter of radix hemipenes, the diameter of corpus hemipenes and the diameter of glands hemipenes. The datas was processed using Anova test, Linear regression test, correlation test, and double correlation test.The result showed that body weight and snouth vent length correlated to the size of hemipenes because the value of correlation test showed p>0,5. Based on double correlation test, the result showed that snouth vent lengt was more correlated to the size of hemipenes. The value of double corrrelation test showed z<1,96. Keyword : Snouth vent length, Hemipenis, Varanus salvator
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Morales-Ramos, Lilian Victoria, Karla Estefania Morales-Ramos, and Alexandra Tatiana Valle-Alvarez. "Crecimiento y supervivencia empresarial en el sector de fabricación de calzado en Ecuador." Panorama Económico 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32997/2463-0470-vol.25-num.1-2017-2068.
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El presente estudio fue motivado por casos de éxito de empresas dedicadas a la fabricación de calzado en Ecuador, en particular en la provincia de Tungurahua, y se explicaron los determinantes de la capacidad de supervivencia de estas empresas establecidas en el mercado ecuatoriano a lo largo de los años. Los datos empleados para el analisis corresponden a indicadores producción, ventas y capacidad instalada medidos a partir de las cuentas de los estados financieros de las empresas. Por otro lado, la supervivencia considera indicadores edad y tamaño inicial de las empresas, Mediante un análisis estadístico de correlación, regresión lineal múltiple y anova, se evidencia una alta y positiva correlación entre las ventas y producción empresarial con la supervivencia de las firmas para los casos estudiados.
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Burnett, Kristin, Kelly Skinner, Travis Hay, Joseph LeBlanc, and Lori Chambers. "Environnement alimentaire de la vente au détail et expériences de magasinage dans les collectivités des Premières nations du nord des provinces." Promotion de la santé et prévention des maladies chroniques au Canada 37, no. 10 (October 2017): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.37.10.03f.
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Introduction Cet article porte sur l'environnement de la vente d’aliments dans les collectivités des Premières nations du nord des provinces, en particulier sur la concurrence éventuelle dans la vente au détail de la North West Company (NWC) ainsi que sur les expériences d'achats alimentaires de la population vivant dans le Nord canadien. Méthodologie Nous avons utilisé deux méthodologies pour évaluer l’environnement alimentaire de la vente au détail dans le Nord. D’abord, nous avons cartographié les détaillants en alimentation du Nord afin d’examiner le degré de concurrence au détail dans les régions nordiques, en prêtant une attention particulière aux collectivités qui ne sont pas accessibles à l’année par la route. Ensuite, nous avons enquêté auprès des personnes vivant dans les collectivités du Nord canadien à propos de leurs expériences d’achat au détail et de magasinage. Résultats Cinquante-quatre pour cent des collectivités du nord des provinces et du Grand Nord n’avaient aucune épicerie en concurrence avec la NWC. Les provinces comptant les plus fortes proportions de collectivités nordiques sans concurrence dans la vente au détail étaient l’Ontario (87 %), la Saskatchewan (83 %) et le Manitoba (72 %). Les participants au sondage (n = 92) ont fait état de leurs préoccupations quant à leurs expériences d'achat dans trois grands secteurs : le coût des aliments, la qualité et la fraîcheur des aliments et la disponibilité de certains aliments. Conclusion La concurrence dans la vente au détail est limitée dans le nord des provinces. Au Manitoba, en Saskatchewan et en Ontario, la NWC ne fait face à aucune concurrence dans au moins 70 % des collectivités nordiques. Les consommateurs du Nord canadien considèrent que les aliments nutritifs sont peu abordables, et ils souhaitent avoir accès à un plus grand choix d’aliments périssables en bon état.
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Ma, G., K. Marubashi, and T. Maruyama. "Heliospheric current sheet inclinations at Venus and Earth." Annales Geophysicae 17, no. 5 (May 31, 1999): 642–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-0642-z.
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Abstract. We investigate the inclinations of heliospheric current sheet at two sites in interplanetary space, which are generated from the same solar source. From the data of solar wind magnetic fields observed at Venus (0.72 AU) and Earth (1 AU) during December 1978-May 1982 including the solar maximum of 1981, 54 pairs of candidate sector boundary crossings are picked out, of which 16 pairs are identified as sector boundaries. Of the remainder, 12 pairs are transient structures both at Venus and Earth, and 14 pairs are sector boundaries at one site and have transient structures at the other site. It implies that transient structures were often ejected from the coronal streamer belt around the solar maximum. For the 16 pairs of selected sector boundaries, we determine their normals by using minimum variance analysis. It is found that most of the normal azimuthal angles are distributed between the radial direction and the direction perpendicular to the spiral direction both at Venus and Earth. The normal elevations tend to be smaller than ~ 45° with respect to the solar equatorial plane, indicating high inclinations of the heliospheric current sheet, in particular at Earth. The larger scatter in the azimuth and elevation of normals at Venus than at Earth suggests stronger effects of the small-scale structures on the current sheet at 0.72 AU than at 1 AU. When the longitude difference between Venus and Earth is small (<40° longitudinally), similar or the same inclinations are generally observed, especially for the sector boundaries without small-scale structures. This implies that the heliospheric current sheet inclination tends to be maintained during propagation of the solar wind from 0.72 AU to 1 AU. Detailed case studies reveal that the dynamic nature of helmet streamers causes variations of the sector boundary structure.Key words. Interplanetary physics (interplanetary magnetic fields; sources of solar wind)
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Debary, Octave. "Loppis, vide-granges." Ethnologies 35, no. 2 (September 10, 2014): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1026553ar.
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Que faire des objets usés qui ont accompagné notre quotidien, des objets que l’on ne souhaite plus conserver mais que l’on se refuse à jeter ? Après un temps d’usage et d’usure, se pose la question de leur devenir et par là, celle de leur transmission. Ce texte porte sur l’analyse de ventes, de ce qui en Suède, se nomme les Loppis. Situées en milieu rural, ces ventes sont effectuées durant l’été par des particuliers qui proposent leur vieux objets à vendre pendant plusieurs jours, voire semaines, dans leur grange ou leur jardin. Comparables aux ventes de garage en Amérique du Nord, aux vide-greniers ou brocantes en Europe, les Loppis ont la particularité d’engager les acheteurs à la recherche hasardeuse des lieux où elles se trouvent. Cette logique circulatoire et incertaine conduit à des échanges, des partages – d’espaces (on vient chez les gens) et de paroles (on parle avec eux) – qui tendent à se substituer à un échange monétaire. Les objets s’y échangent pour peu d’argent. Ils sont davantage transmis que vendus. Ainsi est assuré un devenir à des objets dont le travail de conservation se trouve délégué à un autre, de passage.
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Bullemore, Jorge. "Autoeficacia, estrés y productividad comercial, el caso de los ejecutivos de ventas industriales latinoamericanos." Neumann Business Review 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22451/3006.nbr2021.vol7.1.10058.
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pesar de los avances en la investigación en el área de las ventas industriales, en Latinoamérica estos han sido escasos. Más aún en los relacionados a aspectos tales como la autoeficacia, el estrés y la productividad de ejecutivos de ventas, la cual es nula. La distinción entre el trabajo de los trabajadores y su vida personal se está volviendo cada vez más borrosa, y en particular de los vendedores quienes dedican más horas a su jornada laboral, al realizar múltiples tareas, y muchas veces manifiestan sentirse abrumados por su trabajo. Esta investigación estudia el efecto de la sobrecarga de trabajo y la autoeficacia en la productividad comercial de ejecutivos de ventas industriales latinoamericanos. Se desarrolló una investigación cuantitativa con una muestra de 149 vendedores mediante constructos con escalas establecidas, a su vez se utilizó análisis factorial confirmatorio, y los parámetros del modelo se estimaron utilizando el método de máxima verosimilitud. Se concluyó para el caso de estudio, la autoeficacia se relaciona negativamente con el estrés laboral, y este se relaciona negativamente con la productividad comercial. Por lo que la autoeficacia se relaciona positivamente con la productividad comercial. Finalmente, se discuten los resultados del estudio y las limitaciones del mismo.
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Bournet, P. E., D. Dartus, B. Tassin, and B. Vincon-Leite. "Ondes internes du lac du Bourget: analyse des observations par des modèles linéaires." Revue des sciences de l'eau 9, no. 2 (April 12, 2005): 247–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705252ar.
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Deux campagnes de mesures effectuées sur le lac du Bourget en période de faible stratification (avril et décembre 1994) ont mis en évidence des oscillations de la thermocline de période comprise entre deux et trois jours. Ces oscillations atteignent 40 m d'amplitude pour une profondeur maximale de 145 m. Elles ont probablement un impact sur les processus biologiques et physico-chimiques qui gouvernent l'évolution de la qualité des eaux du lac. L'analyse des données brutes des températures révèle une corrélation étroite entre la génération des ondes internes et les événements de vents importants. Il apparaît en particulier que seuls les vents violents (< 8 m/s) affectent la stratification thermique de manière significative. Deux approches sont utilisées pour caractériser ces ondes : - une approche par traitement du signal qui donne accès aux périodes d'oscillations prédominantes ainsi qu'à la répartition de l'énergie dans la colonne d'eau en fonction de la fréquence. - une approche par modélisation mathématique au cours de laquelle les résultats obtenus par tjjois techniques distinctes utilisant plusieurs degrés de représentation de la bathymétrie du lac sont comparés. Ces modèles permettent de calculer les périodes d'oscillations ainsi que les déplacements de l'interface de densité et les vitesses dans chaque couche. A partir des valeurs des amplitudes d'oscillation obtenues expérimentalement, des vitesses maximales de l'ordre de 7 cm/s dans l'épîlîmnion et 3 cm/s dans l'hypolimnion ont pu être estimées pour les deux épisodes considérés. On montre que les modèles mathématiques et l'analyse spectrale corroborent les observations.
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Tiles, Mary. "A Science of Mars or of Venus?" Philosophy 62, no. 241 (July 1987): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100038808.
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For as long as there has been anything worthy of the name of science, there have been those who have criticized its claim to superior knowledge. With the birth and prodigious growth of modern science, the corresponding growthof critical opinion led, in the eighteenth century, to a divorce of the sciences from the humanities around which our educational institutions, and our universities in particular, have been built. It is this divorce which renders problematic the status of the social or human sciences. For the extent to which Man can be an object of scientific knowledge will be questioned by those insisting on an opposition between human knowledge and values as embodied in the humanities, and the dehumanized objective knowledge proclaimed within the natural sciences.