To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Verb adjective.
Journal articles on the topic 'Verb adjective'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Verb adjective.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Fatimah, Siti. "Exploring Compound Words and Acronyms Used in Health Column of CNN International News." JELL (Journal of English Language and Literature) STIBA-IEC Jakarta 10, no. 01 (2025): 39–50. https://doi.org/10.37110/jell.v10i01.239.
Full textAbstract:
This research mainly aims to find out the types of compound words and acronyms found in CNN International news articles in the health column, which consists of 5 news articles. A descriptive qualitative method is used in this research to analyze the data. This research uses the theory from McCarthy (2002), regarding the types of compound words and the theory from Lieber (2009), regarding acronyms. The results of this research show that there are 3 types of compound words and their meanings consisting of compound verbs, compound adjectives, and compound nouns. Compound verb patterns: verb+verb, preposition+verb, compound adjective patterns: noun+adjective, adjective+adjective, verb+adjective, and compound noun patterns: verb+noun, noun+noun, adjective+noun, preposition+noun. This reseach also found acronyms used in 5 CNN International health column news.
2
Murat, Atar. "SIDE NAMES WITH AUXILIARY VERBS IN UIGHUR TURKISH." Vestnik Bishkek state university af. K. Karasaev 2, no. 60 (2022): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bhu/2022.60.56.
Full textAbstract:
Although indefinite verbs form temporary nouns, they can sometimes lose these properties and become permanent nouns in both Uyghur Turkish and Turkish. The reason for this is that adjective verb suffixes have some constructive suffixes. Adjectives make the verbs to which they are added temporary nouns. The adjective verb suffixes used in my study made nouns both permanent nouns and temporary nouns that have a primary purpose. My study provides examples of both permanent and temporary nouns. When we look at the permanent nouns made with adjective verbs in Uyghur Turkish, it is seen that there are permanent names used in daily life, related to household tools and equipment, agriculture and animal husbandry. In our study -DACI, -DIK, -KAN, -GU, -KUÇİ, -mAs, -Ar, -yUk, -mIş adjective verb suffixes were used. A total of 177 examples have been identified with these adjective verb suffixes.
3
HÜSEYNOVA, K. S., and İ. Z. VƏLİYEVA. "AZƏRBAYCAN VƏ İNGİLİS DİLLƏRİNDƏ FEİLİN NÖVLƏRİ VƏ ONLARIN NİTQ HİSSƏLƏRİ SİSTEMİNDƏ ROLU VƏ ƏHƏMİYYƏTİ." Actual Problems of study of humanities 2, no. 2024 (2024): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.62021/0026-0028.2024.3.055.
Full textAbstract:
Types of Verbs in the Azerbaijan and English Languages, Their Role and Meaning in Parts of the Language System Summary The article analyzes the different kinds of verbs in English and Azerbaijani, also analyzes the role and meaning of parts of speech in simple and complex sentences, also personal and unpersonal forms of verbs and their changes in present, past tense forms. Verbal adjectives in English are impersonal forms of verbs, and have both adjective and adverbial characteristics in addition to verb characteristics. As we know, the verb adjective is the present tense form of a) in English-English suffix; b) the past tense verb form of the verb is the adjective form. Key words: English language, types of verbs, Azerbaijani language, comparison, development
4
Arciuli, Joanne, Linda Cupples, and Gabriella Vigliocco. "Are word meanings corresponding to different grammatical categories organised differently within lexical semantic memory?" Mental Lexicon 1, no. 2 (2006): 251–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.1.2.05arc.
Full textAbstract:
We report on two experiments that examined lexical semantic memory. Experiment 1 included semantically related word-pairs (similarity of meaning) and unrelated word-pairs from three grammatical categories (nouns, verbs, adjectives). Experiment 2 included semantically related word-pairs (contrasting meaning) and unrelated word-pairs from the same three categories. Results of both experiments showed similar levels of semantic priming across same versus different grammatical category word-pairs (e.g., verb–verb pairs vs. verb–adjective pairs). Additional analyses of each experiment showed similar levels of priming within each of the three grammatical categories (i.e., noun–noun vs. verb–verb vs. adjective–adjective pairs). These findings suggest that there are no sharp architectural distinctions amongst words from different grammatical categories within lexical semantic memory.
5
Dort-Slijper, Marjolein van, Gert Rijlaarsdam, and Eva Breedveld. "De Verwerving Van Morfologische Regels in Schrift (III)." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 61 (January 1, 1999): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.61.09dor.
Full textAbstract:
In order to provide textbook authors with empirical data on the acquisition in Dutch of written morphology in nouns, verbs and adjectives, several empirical studies have been undertaken. In this article, the third study reports on the performance of the morpheme -e in a special case of adjectives in Dutch: the adjectives derived from participles. The study tries to determine the possible interference between the morphological rules for verb inflection (past tense) and adjective declension in reading and writing. Five classes of adjectives were distinguished according to order of relative difficulty established a priori. Subjects (n=157, grade 6, 7 and 8 from two schools) individually completed a compre-hension and a production task in which factors were systematically varied. Also a recognition test on the spelling of the past tense of verbs was administered. The results showed an effect of categories of verbal adjectives in the production task, but only for groups 7 and 8; group 6 was not sensitive to the differences between the categories. In the recognition task, no effect of type of adjective (verbal or normal) was found for groups 7 and 8; but for group 6, performance on verbal adjectives was lower for the three most difficult categories of adjectives. In the production task, all three groups performed lower on verbal adjectives than normal adjectives in the two most difficult categories of adjectives. It turned out that groups which acquired spelling rules for the past tense of verbs to a higher level, made more errors in the spelling of verbal adjectives, especially in the two categories of adjectives which related the strongest to the spelling of verbs. It was concluded that indications were found that negative transfer or interference is present. Authors recommend changing the order of phases in which spelling rules are trained: from 'adjective declension-verb inflection (past tense)-verbal adjective declension' to 'adjective declension (including verbal adjective declension)-verb declension (past tense).
6
Ollennu, Yvonne Akwele Amankwaa. "On Predication of Adjectives in Ga." International Journal of Linguistics 9, no. 2 (2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v9i2.11067.
Full textAbstract:
The adjective as a word class is elusive, as sometimes this distinct class is not easy to be identified in some languages though recent linguistics studies have claimed it exists in all languages. In Ga, a Kwa language of Niger Congo, the adjective class can be clearly defined. The Ga adjective class consists of both derived and underived forms. Adjectives are syntactically known to play the role of attribution, and/or predication and also found in comparative constructions. This paper investigates how adjectives in predicative positions in English are expressed in Ga and more especially when multiple ones serve as copula complement. It shows that adjectives in predication are expressed through verbs in Ga. The adjectives found in Ga are classified according to Dixon semantic classes. The data for this study were collected through questionnaire and follow up interviews from some native speakers. From the study, it came to light that verbs that occur in predicate positions as head of the verb phrases may have adjective equivalents but speakers prefer the verbs to the adjectives and there seems to be some number agreement with the nouns in subject position. When the adjective has no verb equivalent, natives make use of relative clauses and also make use of the adjectives. The study further revealed that when multiple adjectives are used in predicative position, though a restricted order was not established, there exist a preferred order for example, dimension adjectives occur before colour adjectives.
7
De Raad, Boele, Erik Mulder, Klaas Kloosterman, and Willem K. B. Hofstee. "Personality‐descriptive verbs." European Journal of Personality 2, no. 2 (1988): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410020204.
Full textAbstract:
This article describes the derivation of a taxonomy of personality‐descriptive verbs. In the introduction the verb domain is delineated relative to other domains of the language of personality. It is argued that verbs are theoretically useful in bridging the gap between trait language and act language. The aim is to provide a representative and effective instrument for registering judgements on personality. In a first study the steps are described that were followed to arrive at a list of personality‐descriptive verbs. Both the present authors and layjudges (n=22) took part in this. Five hundred and forty‐three verbs resulted from this study. Study 2 (n=200) describes the determination of the internal structure of the domain of verbs through factor analysis of both self‐ and partner‐ratings. By applying a method of rotation to perfectly congruent weights the verb‐structure turned out to be invariant under the self‐ and partner‐conditions. The last part of the study investigates the relationship between personality‐descriptive verbs and adjectives. Regressions of verb‐ratings on the adjective‐ratings and of adjective‐ratings on the verb‐ratings were calculated and factor analyses were performed on the residual matrices. The results show the existence of additional verb‐dimensions above those already established in the adjective domain.
8
ZEYNAL, Sərdar. "PROFESSOR HƏSƏN MİRZƏYEVİN ELMİ YARADICILIĞINDA FEİLİN TƏSRİFLƏNMƏYƏN FORMALARI - FEİLİ SİFƏT." EUROASIA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES 10, no. 30 (2023): 80–85. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7757615.
Full textAbstract:
In the article, the research work of the doctor of philological sciences, professor Hasan Mirzayev on verb adjectives, which is the main section of the grammar of the Azerbaijani language, and the latest results obtained as a result of this research, are examined and analyzed, and the position he gained in this field in linguistics is highlighted. the merits of the result in filling the gap in Azerbaijani linguistics are noted and revealed based on the facts. Hasan Mirzayev on verb adjectives, which is the main section of the grammar of the Azerbaijani language, and the latest results obtained as a result of this research, are analyzed and the position he gained in this field in linguistics is highlighted. The qualities he achieved in the mentioned field and the merits of his final result in filling the gap in Azerbaijani linguistics were noted and revealed based on facts. One of the most interesting, little-studied areas of the grammar of the Azerbaijani language, which still needs to be studied, is the unclassified forms of the verb. When we get acquainted with the textbooks published starting from the 19th century, we see that, although the verb section of grammar was widely reflected in those textbooks, extensive information was not given about the unclassified forms of the verb. It was widely discussed about the infinitive form of the verb. Since the infinitive indicates the name of the action, when talking about the verb, it is necessary to talk about the infinitive as well. It is written about the infinitive in N. Narimanov's "Comprehensive usage of the Turkish-Azerbaijani language" textbook, published in 1899: "The infinitive indicates not only a thing (a. Sahib, ) but also time. For example: to come, to go, to sing". Later, many textbooks and grammar books published successively addressed this issue and gave extensive information about it. Hasan Mirzayev, a linguist, Turkologist, Honored Scholar, doctor of philological sciences, one of the outstanding linguists of his time, who gave the most extensive information about the infinitive forms of the verb in the 20th century, and thus dedicated a special work to this issue, was Hasan Mirzayev. The work "Verb in Azerbaijani language" published by him is noteworthy in this respect. Part III of the 2nd volume of the scientist's selected works is entitled "Indefinable verbs". The first chapter of this section is called "The Problem of Verb Adjectives in Turkology and the Features of the Suffixes That Form It", the second chapter is called "Common and Individual Features of the Verb Adjective with the Verb", and the third chapter is called "The Common and Individual Features of the Verb Adjective with the Adjective and Its Substantivization". Talking about the study of the verb adjective, the professor writes about this issue in the first chapter: "The verb adjective expresses the characteristic of both the verb and the adjective. The fact that the verb adjective has these two characteristics has made its research difficult, ... verb adjective
9
LI, Wenchao. "Revisit adjective distribution in Chinese." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 7, no. 2 (2017): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.7.2.85-109.
Full textAbstract:
This study re-classifies Chinese monosyllabic adjectives and verbs in light of ‘scale structure’. It examines how various adjectives are associated with different scalar layers of verbs. The investigation focuses upon direct perception expressions and resultatives. The finding reveals that the closed-scale perceptual verb jiàn ‘see’ does not tolerate open-scale APs. This is because, (a) syntactically, Chinese perception verb complements do not represent a result state as the AP-complement is encoded into the perception verb root; (b) semantically, jiàn ‘see’ not only represent an accomplishment predication but contributes to a potential indirect perception, describing the observer’s evaluation of the perceived event.kàn ‘look’ is open-scale and is likely to render a direct perception report. The degree of kàn’s associations with different APs runs from ‘Totally open-scale AP’, down to ‘Upper closed-scale AP’, ‘Lower closed-scale AP’, ‘Totally closed-scale AP’. Resultatives seem to welcome all layers of adjectives. Various APs may match with a transitive verb, an unergative verb, a light verb or an unaccusative verb. This is down to the fact that, resultative complements are framed outside the verb roots and thus, do not receive restriction from the verb.
10
Rosliana, Lina. "Sufiks Pembentuk Verba Transitif Dan Intransitif Dalam Bahasa Jepang." KIRYOKU 3, no. 1 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v3i1.17-27.
Full textAbstract:
(Title: Suffix Formers of Transitive And Intransitive Verbs In Japanese Language) This research aims to explain the process of formation verbs from the suffix of transitive and intransitive verb formers and their meanings. The data in this research were taken from Asahi Shinbun website, More Zasshi, News Livedoor and various other Japanese websites. The method which used in this research is descriptive method, and for data analysis using agih method. The theory which used in this research are verb, derivation and verb-forming suffix theory. The results of the research show that (1) There are 5 types of verb-forming suffixes: suffix –garu,-maru, -meru, -mu, and –suru, (2) Suffix –garu can be attached to adjective-i, adjective-na and -tai forms that can produce transitive and intransitive verbs (3) Suffix -maru can be attached to adjective-i and produce the intransitive verb (4) Suffix -meru can be attached to adjective-i and produce the transitive verb (5) Suffix -mu can be attached to adjective-i which can produce transitive and intransitive verbs (6) Suffix -suru can be attached to nouns and adverbs that can produce transitive or intransitive verbs (7) Some of verb-forming suffix can changes the meaning of the original word and some just changes the application.
11
Sebba, Mark. "Adjectives and Copulas in Sranan Tongo." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 1, no. 1 (1986): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.1.07seb.
Full textAbstract:
Some linguists regard predicate adjectives in Sranan and other creole languages as stative verbs, one argument being the absence of a copula before such adjectives. An analysis by Seuren, on the other hand, treats predicate adjectives as true adjectives in Sranan: an underlying copula fails to surface before them. This paper argues for an analysis which treats Sranan predicate adjectives as a type of stative verb, and accounts for the appearance of the copula in a relatively small number of cases by positing the existence of "extent phrases" in Sranan. These may modify a verb or copula; except under certain conditions, they contain a quantifier and an adjective. This accounts not only for the appearance of copulas with predicate adjectives, but also for the "repetition" of the adjective as in o bradi a liba bradi? (how broad the river broad) 'How broad is the river?'
12
Rusdiana, Ida, Nana Suciati*, and Syahbuddin Syahbuddin. "The Compounding Processs of Bahasa Banjar (An Initiation towards Learning Bahasa Banjar as Local Content)." Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities 6, no. 1 (2023): 233–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jr.v6i1.29735.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to describe the compounding process in Bahasa Banjar in its basic forms based on word classes. The research design is in the form of qualitative descriptive. The data used is in the form of primary data, namely native speakers and secondary data, namely documents related to the compounding of bahasa Banjar such as research results, books, and dictionaries. Data was collected from interview. The data analysis procedure was carried out through three flows of activities that occurred simultaneously, following the concept put forward by (Miles et al., 2014): data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions/verification. In this study triangulation of data sources and peer checking (Flick, 2009) was applied to check the validity of the data. Based on the word classes which form compounds in Bahasa Banjar, it can be concluded ten forms. Those are 1) Noun+Noun, 2) Noun+Verb, 3) Noun+Adjective, 4) Noun+Numeral, 5) Noun+Pronoun, 6) Verb+Noun, 7) Verb+Verb, 8) Verbs+Adjectives, 9) Adjective+Noun, 10) Adjective+Adjective. Some compound morpheme functions can change word class and some cannot change word class. The meanings of compound morphemes can be different from its constituent elements and can be related to the constituent elements.
13
Boonsing, Ratchadaporn, and Nutprapha Dennis. "A STUDY OF LANGUAGE USED FROM SELECTED DIGITAL STORYTELLING." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 4, no. 3 (2016): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v4.i3.2016.2782.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this independent study was to analyze the frequency of part of speech type from a digital storytelling application. The data was selected from twenty Aesop’s fables. They were categorized into eight part of speech type: noun, verb, pronoun, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and determiner. Based on the twenty stories, there were a total of 1,341 words. The results show that, first, there were 313 or 23.34% categorized as verbs, second, 263 nouns or 19.61%, third, 183 pronouns or 13.65%, forth, 174 determiners or 12.98%, fifth, 120 prepositions or 8.95%, sixth, 115 conjunctions or 8.58%, seventh, adverbs or 6.82%, and, eighth, 81 adjectives or 6.04%. Therefore, the most frequent part of speech type used in the digital storytelling application was verb with 313 words at the percentage of 23.34%. And the least frequently used type in storytelling was the adjective with 81 words at the percentage of 6.04%. The results show that “verb” was the most frequently used in the storytelling. Verbs were in every sentence of fables. The next most frequently used noun, pronoun, determiner, preposition, conjunction, adverb and adjective, respectively. The results of the study can help students learning vocabulary and their functions more conveniently.
14
Ratchadaporn, Boonsing, and K. Dennis Nutprapha. "A STUDY OF LANGUAGE USED FROM SELECTED DIGITAL STORYTELLING." International Journal of Research – Granthaalayah 4, no. 3 (2017): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.846734.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this independent study was to analyze the frequency of part of speech type from a digital storytelling application. The data was selected from twenty Aesop’s fables. They were categorized into eight part of speech type: noun, verb, pronoun, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and determiner. Based on the twenty stories, there were a total of 1,341 words. The results show that, first, there were 313 or 23.34% categorized as verbs, second, 263 nouns or 19.61%, third, 183 pronouns or 13.65%, forth, 174 determiners or 12.98%, fifth, 120 prepositions or 8.95%, sixth, 115 conjunctions or 8.58%, seventh, adverbs or 6.82%, and, eighth, 81 adjectives or 6.04%. Therefore, the most frequent part of speech type used in the digital storytelling application was verb with 313 words at the percentage of 23.34%. And the least frequently used type in storytelling was the adjective with 81 words at the percentage of 6.04%. The results show that “verb” was the most frequently used in the storytelling. Verbs were in every sentence of fables. The next most frequently used noun, pronoun, determiner, preposition, conjunction, adverb and adjective, respectively. The results of the study can help students learning vocabulary and their functions more conveniently.
15
THAM, SHIAO WEI. "Change of state verbs and result state adjectives in Mandarin Chinese." Journal of Linguistics 49, no. 3 (2013): 647–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226713000261.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the derivational relationship between adjectives and verbs in Mandarin Chinese describing related state, change of state (COS) and caused COS meanings. Such paradigms have been observed in various languages to fall into two categories: One in which a word naming a property concept state constitutes the derivational base for the related COS verbs, and another in which a COS verb forms the basis from which the stative word – a ‘result state’ predicate – is derived. I show that in Mandarin, the distinction between morphological paradigms based on property-concept words versus eventive verbs is also found, but the actual derivational relations between verbs and adjectives are influenced by language-particular morphological properties of Mandarin. Specifically, I argue that a gradable property concept adjective systematically alternates to a related COS verb. This alternation, which can be tapped by degree modification and negation contexts, distinguishes adjectives from stative verbs, which do not have consistent COS counterparts, and from underived intransitive COS verbs, which do not have systematic stative counterparts. That is, I show that COS verbs do not lend themselves to the systematic derivation of result state adjectives. Rather, I argue that result state adjectives in Mandarin arise from conceptual-pragmatic factors: The nominal modified by such a result state adjective should be understood as describing a culturally or contextually salient class of entities.
16
Darlina, Lien. "Derivational affixes in Japanese and Indonesian." Journal of Applied Studies in Language 2, no. 1 (2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/jasl.v2i1.813.
Full textAbstract:
Japanese and Indonesian seen from morphological typology is an agglutinative language in which the morphological processes are done by affixation, ie by adding prefixes, suffixes and infixes. While the basic sequence sentence structure has a SOV sequence pattern for Japanese and SVO for Indonesian language. The predicate filled by the verb is capable of binding arguments in constructing the clause structure, so that there are verbs with one, two and three arguments, it depends on the type of verb. This study is a preliminary study of Japanese and Indonesian derivative verbs: the study of linguistic typology. The Theory of Linguistic Typology is used to analyze the formation of Japanese and Indonesian derivative verbs in which the verb serves as the core of the predicate to bind the argument in constructing the clause structure. From the perspective of linguistic typology, the results of the analysis show that (1) the basic form of Japanese derivative verb formers are adjectives (keiyoushi) and noun verbs, whereas Indonesian derivative verbs are derived from adjectives, nouns and pre-categorical. (2) The Japanese derivation affixes joining the adjective (keiyoushi) are -める meru, -まるmaru, -がるgaru’, -むmu and which joins the noun verb is -するsuru. While the derivational affix of the Indonesian language that joined the nouns are meng-, ber-, ter-, ke-an, ber-an, ber-kan, per-, -i, per-i, per-kan, the affix that joins the adjective are meng-, ber-, ter-, ke-an, ber-an, ber-kan, per-, -kan, per-i, dan –i and the affixes that join the pre-categorical are meng-, ter-, ber-, ber-an, -i,-kan.
17
Tampangella, Terra, and Titi Rokhayati. "THE ANALYSIS OF NOUN DERIVED FROM ADJECTIVE FOUND IN BARACK OBAMA’S SPEECH AND THE TEACHING OF GRAMMAR." Journal of Languages and Language Teaching 9, no. 2 (2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v9i2.3488.
Full textAbstract:
The study is qualitative research. This research deals with noun derived from adjective found in Barack Obama’s speech. The objectives of the research are to find out the position of the noun derived from adjectives in the sentence pattern found in Barack Obama’s speech and to describe the application of noun derived from adjective to teach grammar. In collecting the data, the researchers read the script, identified noun derived from adjectives, analysed the data related to the theory of noun derived from the adjective, analyzing the data quantitatively and qualitatively, applied the finding to teach the grammar at eleventh grade student of Senior High School. The result shows that there are three positions of the noun derived from adjectives based on sentence pattern. They are 30 SVO (Subject + Verb + Object) (50%), 18 SVA ( Subject + Verb + Adverb ) (30%), 12 SVC ( Subject + Verb + Complement ) (20%). The teacher could apply in pre teaching by giving description of Barrack Obama’s characters, whilst teaching by giving the explanation about part of speech and post teaching by strengthening the use of noun derived from adjective as one of part of speech in which it becomes the most important piece in a sentence.
18
Daming, Srinanengsi, Ummu Haerah Syam, Wahidah G, Rosmiati Rosmiati, and Yuliana Agustina Yanti. "IMPROVING STUDENTS' VOCABULARY MASTERY USING LISTENING AND DRILLING METHOD AT THE FIRST YEAR IN CLASS VII.A STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 1 BUA KABUPATEN LUWU (A Classroom Action Research)." La Ogi : English Language Journal 10, no. 1 (2024): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.55678/loj.v10i1.1356.
Full textAbstract:
This research aimed to find out the improvement of the students' vocabulary in term of Adjective and Verbs through Listening and Drilling method at The First Year In Class VII.A Students of SMP Negeri 1 Bua Kabupaten Luwu. The method of this research was Classroom Action Research that consisted of two cycles. One cycle consisted of four meetings, it means that there were eight meetings for two cycles. This classroom action research was done at The First Year In Class VII.A students of SMP Negeri 1 Bua Kabupaten Luwu, the sample of the research consisted of 28 students. The instrument were vocabulary test, it was used to measure the students achievement in using Adjective and Verb. The findings of the research were the students' vocabulary achievement in cycle 1, the data obtain from the test were analyzed into percentages. Mean score of Adjective in cycle I was 54.78 and verb was 57.23, meanwhile mean score of Adjective in cycle Il were 75.86 and verb 71.76. The students' participation in learing vocabulary through listening and drilling method in the first meeting of cycle 1 was 32.89% then it became 63.15% in fourth meeting of cycle II. The result of data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between cycle I and cycle Il. Based on findings, it was concluded that Teaching Vocabulary through Listening and Drilling method was able to improve the students' achievement in using Adjectives and Verbs.
19
Li, Wenchao. "Direct Perception Expression in Japanese and Chinese." International Journal of Linguistics 8, no. 5 (2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v8i5.9994.
Full textAbstract:
<p>This paper tackles the adjective distribution in two different languages, Altaic language: Japanese and Sino-Tibetan language: Chinese. The findings bring us to the point that Japanese direct perception expression tolerates both open-scale and closed-scale adjectives. Chinese direct perception expression only licenses ‘totally open-scale adjectives’ and rule out ‘upper closed-scale adjectives’, ‘totally closed-scale adjectives’, ‘lower closed-scale adjectives’. The failure of Chinese closed-scale AP in direct perception expression lies in that the perception verb <em>jian </em>‘to see’ is subjective. Open-scale adjectival perception verb complements in German and Chinese may invite temporary predications only by the addition of syntactic context, thus enabling the German/Chinese perception verb <em>sehen</em>, <em>kanjian /</em><em>jian</em> to make a conceptualisation of the perceived event, offering an ‘evaluation’ or ‘interpretation’. </p>
20
Sharasulova, Shirin. "The Subject Of A Qualitative Device In The Sentence Acts As A Secondary Predicate Object In Uzbek Language." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 05 (2021): 475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/volume03issue05-84.
Full textAbstract:
Adjectives are one of the three characteristic forms of a verb, and this form imposes a second set of functions and properties on its verb function and properties. This situation requires special attention and special research on quality. An adjective can express itself in the text because it has its own subject, object, etc., that is, it can form its own syntactic device - predicate. He himself remains the predicate of this predicate. It is part of another simple sentence with the adjective and the predicate of this content. That is why we have chosen to dwell on the syntactic function and semantic side of the adjective, which is the adjective of the part of the adjectives in the Uzbek language. Accordingly, this paper examines the arrival and semantic-syntactic properties of the owner of a qualitative device as an object of secondary predication.
21
BIAGUI, Noël Bernard. "Caractérisation des unités adjectivales en créole casamançais : une tâche non aisée." Afrosciences Antiquity Sunu-Xalaat 1, no. 3 (2021): 251–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.61585/pud-asasx-v1n302.
Full textAbstract:
What criteria should be used to classify adjectives? This question has been the subject of much research. Dixon (1982b) has shown that it is impossible to propose a general definition of the adjective in morphosyntactic terms, but that a notion of the adjective can nonetheless be derived from a comparison of the world's languages by observing that languages tend to have a class of words which is distinct from both the noun and verb classes (although rarely with equal clarity, as we shall see in this presentation), and which typically groups together words expressing a certain type of property. On the basis of a number of morphological and syntactic features, this article will attempt to demonstrate that the adjectival class exists in Casamance Creole and that it is distinct from both the verb and the noun.
22
Winford, Donald. "Property Items and Predication in Sranan." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 12, no. 2 (1997): 237–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.12.2.04win.
Full textAbstract:
This paper revisits the long-standing controversy over whether so-called predicate adjectives like bigi 'big', bradi 'wide', etc. in Sranan (and other creoles) are truly adjectives or a subclass of verb. Using a variety of diagnostics, it concludes that such items are in fact verbal in their predicative function. Moreover, it argues that such items are best referred to as "property items" which display flexible categoriality, behaving like intransitive as well as transitive verbs, and also as adjectives which can either modify nouns or head adjectival phrases of degree. So-called predicate adjective structures in Sranan fall into two categories — those where property items function as intransitive verbs, and those involving predicate phrases in which the copula de precedes either adjectival phrases of degree or true adjectives, including those derived via reduplication from property items and others imported from Dutch. These conclusions apply more specifically to the variety of Sranan spoken as a native language by the majority of the African-descended population of Suriname. Another dialect of Sranan, associated primarily with non-native speakers, appears to treat property items in their predicative function as adjectives rather than verbs.
23
Dwi, Novilia Putri, and Amir Amir. "ADJECTIVE ANALYSIS OF PARTIZIPIENTS IN THE ROMANCE SOWIESO UND ÜBERHAUPT BY CHRISTINE NÖSTLINGER." Allemania 13, no. 1 (2023): 37–50. https://doi.org/10.17509/alm.v13i1.71958.
Full textAbstract:
There are some aspects in a literary text that could help a writer to deliver a message they want to convey or to describe a situation they want to explain. One of those aspects is an adjective. The main concern of this research is not the usual adjectives that we encounter every day, but instead the adjectives that are formed from participles. Because the novel from Christine Nöstlinger, Sowieso und Überhaupt, has so many adjectives from participles in it, this novel was used as a source for the data that would be classified and analyzed in this research. Moreover, the purposes of this research are to: (1) know the forms of the adjectives from participles, whether the adjective is inflected (declined) or not, and to (2) know the functions of these adjectives from participles. This then could lead to a better understanding of the meanings that these adjectives hold and to help understand literary texts better. Also, this research is descriptive qualitative research, where the forms of the data that were compiled would be first examined and classified into two classifications (inflected or not). This classification showed the result that (1) some adjectives from participles that are found and compiled from the novel Sowieso und Überhaupt are inflected and some can be used even without it being inflected, like how adjectives are normally used. After the classification, the functions of these adjectives would be analyzed based on their location in their respective sentences. This analysis is helped by the previous classification, in which some adjectives are inflected and some are not. The result of the analysis indicated that (2) the inflected adjectives from participles in the novel definitely have the attributive function, whereas the adjectives with no inflection could have one of the last two functions; applicative or predicative. If the adjective is standing in the middle of the sentence, then this adjective has the applicative function and if the adjective is connected with a copular verb (linking verb) and determines a subject or an object, then it would have the role in the sentence as a predicate adjective in a predicative function. Based on the analysis result, there are two recommendations given: (1) it is recommended to know the functions of adjectives from participle for a better understanding of their meanings, and (2) to do research on the variations of verbs that are determined by adjectives with applicative function.Keywords: analysis, adjective, participle, form, function
24
Irawati, Risya Ayu, Ypsi Soeria Soemantri, Wagiati Wagiati, and Puspa Mirani Kadir. "The Analysis of Compounding In Children Story Book Dumbo The Magical Story By Walt Disney And Its Implications As Teaching Materials For Junior High School Students." SeBaSa 5, no. 2 (2022): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/sbs.v5i2.5930.
Full textAbstract:
The study aims to describe the formation of compounding in children story book Dumbo The Magical Story, written by Walt Disney. This study also aims to reveal types of compounding that is mostly found in the object, and to reveal the reasons. This study also describes the implications of compounding as teaching materials in narrative text for Junior High School Students. This is a qualitative with a descriptive method. The data used in this study were the compound words in children book Dumbo The Magical Story. The data collection technique used was note-taking. To measure the implications level of compounding as teaching materials in narrative text. A survey was done to 10 Junior High School students using Likert scale. The data were analysed by matching method with lexical distribution technique. The study shows than the compounding found in Dumbo The Magical Story has 3 forms namely nominal compounding, verbal compounding, and adjectival compounding. The result shows that there were 48 compounding forms consists of 25 compounding of noun+ noun, and 23 compounding of noun + adjective. it was found 6 compounding of verb+verb, 4 compounding of verb+ adjective, 5 compounding of verb + noun, and 1 verb +adjective. in the adjectival compounding, it was found 2 compounding of adjective+ adjective, 3 compounding of adverb + adjective, and 1 adjective + adverb. The form of noun+noun is mostly found in the study. That was because the target readers of the book are children so that the words used were arranged accordingly to make them understand. The implications of compound words as teaching materials in narrative text shows 3,86 out of 5 scale by using The Likert scale.Key words : compounding, children story book, teaching material, narrative, JHS students
25
Marinellie, Sally A., and Cynthia J. Johnson. "Adjective Definitions and the Influence of Word Frequency." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 46, no. 5 (2003): 1061–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2003/084).
Full textAbstract:
The present investigation is a study of the development of adjective definitions given by participants in Grades 6 and 10 and by young adults, as well as the influence of word frequency on those definitions. A total of 150 participants (50 per age group) wrote definitions for 6 high-frequency and 6 low-frequency adjectives. Adjective definitions were analyzed for use of semantic content and also grammatical form. Findings indicated that content of adjective definitions generally followed a developmental course from concrete and functional to more abstract. Response patterns of certain categories, such as superordinate, have implications for organization of the mental lexicon and suggest that adjective definitions may be less predictable than definitions of other grammatical categories, such as noun. Although conventional syntactic form was highly used in definitions (i.e., adjectival form for a definition of an adjective), verb form was also highly used. Conventional form may be less useful to characterize adjective definitions than other grammatical classes. Findings suggest that word frequency has a robust influence on adjective definitions and that development progresses differently for high- and low-frequency words.
26
Bozzone, Chiara. "The Origin of the Caland System and the Typology of Adjectives." Indo-European Linguistics 4, no. 1 (2016): 15–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125892-00401003.
Full textAbstract:
This paper argues that the Caland system rests on a Pre-PIE verb-like adjective class, which formed root aorists. The Caland system as we know it came to be when PIE shifted to having a noun-like adjective class, and the Caland roots had to be adapted to the new system via derivation (while the old root aorists were gradually lost). Evidence for root aorists to Caland roots in Vedic is reviewed, and a typologically informed scenario for the shift is proposed. Finally, the paper argues that this scenario clarifies the origin of the *-eh1- stative in Indo-European (following Jasanoff (2002–2003)’s account), which would have arisen as PIE shifted from verb-like adjectives to nominal adjectives, and came to have a switch adjective system based on aspect.
27
Dr, S.Nataraj. "Porunmai nokkil Mallal yenum Chol." PULAM : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TAMILOLOGY STUDIES 3, no. 3 (2023): 42–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8109894.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Abstract</strong> A single letter or more than one letter referring to an object is called a word. This word can be divided into two categories as grammatical word and literary word. Among them, the grammatical words are noun, verb, interjection and adjective. Among these, adjectives come inseparable from nouns and verbs. Adjectives refer to characteristics of a noun or verb. It can be divided into multi-word for one object and single word for many objects. These are mostly passive learning. In this way, the adjective Mallal can be found with all kinds of grammars for the above-mentioned adjective through various literatures. The etymological interpretation given by various poets to this word which various poets have used at various places in their hymns, Based on this explanation, the places where the word Mallal is located in the literature, when the same word is changed to Mallar and Mallan, the meaning of hero and mannan they give, the places where they are located in the literature, the semantic interpretation of the word Mallal, the difference between the words Mallar and Mallar, and the impact of this word on the society. This review article is meant to illustrate.
28
Yulianto, Andrias, Agnechia Friska Rivalny, Sheren Angel Nayoan, and Juvelman Harefa. "UNVEILING LINGUISTIC PATTERNS: A MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF COMPOUND WORDS IN "THE PERKS OF BEING A WALLFLOWER" BY STEPHEN CHBOSKY." La Ogi : English Language Journal 10, no. 2 (2024): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.55678/loj.v10i2.1597.
Full textAbstract:
English compound words have a significant impact on the language's structure and lexicon. This research paper focuses on conducting a morphological analysis of compound words in the novel "The Perks of Being a Wallflower" by Stephen Chbosky. The methodology includes identifying compound words in the text, analyzing their components, categorizing them based on their types, and exploring the semantic relationships between the constituent parts. A qualitative analysis was conducted to interpret the role of compound words in enhancing the narrative and conveying subtle nuances of meaning. This study identified a total of 100 compound words categorized into three types: 91 compound nouns, 4 compound verbs, and 5 compound adjectives. These compounds exhibit specific patterns of lexical categories. Specifically, there are 72 words comprising noun + noun (NN), 2 words comprising adjective + adjective (AA), 5 words comprising verb + noun (VN), 8 words comprising preposition + noun (PN), 1 word comprising preposition + verb (PV), 2 word comprising noun + adjective (NA), 7 words comprising adjective + noun (AN), and 3 words comprising noun + verb (NV). Out of these, 88 compounds have heads, while 12 compounds are headless. The analysis revealed that Chbosky effectively condenses intricate ideas into concise and impactful expressions by combining words to form compound structures and confirmed the significance of compound words in enhancing literary pieces by conveying nuanced meanings and emotional depth through the consolidation of multiple ideas into a single, evocative word that resonates with readers
29
Саитова, Сарбиназ. "Conversion from adjective to verb in english language." Актуальные вопросы лингвистики и преподавания иностранных языков: достижения и инновации 1, no. 1 (2024): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.47689/topical-tiltfl-vol1-iss1-2024-pp102-103.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, the author undertakes an extensive and in-depth analysis of how adjectives can become verbs in English language, a process that is also known as denominalization or zero derivation. The morphological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features of this phenomenon are examined in detail by the author, who also proposes a comprehensive list of criteria to distinguish and classify the different types of adjective-to-verb conversions. The author claims that conversion is a creative and dynamic way of creating new words that enriches the vocabulary and the expressiveness of English.
30
Kumssa, Teferi. "Valency-Adjusting Constructions in Rayya Oromo: Causative and Middle." Ethiopian Journal of Business and Social Science 6, no. 2 (2024): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.59122/154f53kk.
Full textAbstract:
Rayya Afan Oromo is a scarcely studied variety of Oromo spoken in Northern Ethiopia. The objective of this study is describing valency-adjusting constructions that refer to either valency increasing or valency decreasing construction in the variety. To achieve this objective, causative construction and middle construction were selected purposively by convenient sampling technique. The study employed a descriptive qualitative research approach. Data for the study were obtained through field linguistics method which covered recording of communicative events and direct elicitation. The work discovered that morphologically derived causative verbs could come from a verb or a (verbalized-) noun and/or an adjective stem. Markers, -s- and -s(i) is- are used in interansitive verb roots/stems, whereas -s (i) is- is used in transitive verb roots/stems. In case of nouns and adjectives roots/stems, -s- is used. Additionaly, verbalized-noun roots/stems can be causativized by -siis-, whereas adjective roots/stems can be causativized by -e(e)ʃʃ-. Thus, the causativization results in increasing arguments by one or two to the basic structure and transform the arguments. In this case, the basic subject moves to the object position and the applied argument, that is, the causer argument becomes the subject of the derived causal structure. Concerning middle markers of the variety, -(a)at- is marking the middle in verb, noun and adjective roots/stems. However, -(a)aw- is also marking the middle in adjective roots/stems. And middle construction reduces the valency in the variety. In general, the Rayya Afan Oromo variety has markers of causative and middle constructions respectively for increase and decrease valencies in a nutshell. Keywords: causative, middle, inchoative, auto benefactive and valency
31
LaPolla, Randy J., and Chenglong Huang. "The Copula and Existential Verbs in Qiang." Bulletin of Chinese Linguistics 2, no. 1 (2007): 233–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405478x-90000032.
Full textAbstract:
This paper discusses the copula and existential verb constructions in Qiang, a Tibeto-Burman language of northern Sichuan, China. There is only one copula verb in Qiang, which can be used in equational, identificational, attributive, naming, and cleft constructions, as well as one type of possessive construction. There are five existential verbs in Qiang, the use of which depends on the semantics of the referent being predicated as existing and its location. The existential verbs have a number of the characteristics of adjective-like stative verbs, and can be modified by adverbs of degree, but they cannot directly modify nouns. Also, the meaning of reduplication of existential verbs is different from that of adjective-like stative verbs: reduplication of existential verbs results in transitivization, while reduplication of adjective-like stative verbs results in emphasis of degree.
32
Ni Putu Sri Wandhana Dewi, I Wayan Arka, and Novita Mulyana. "Morphological Analysis of Derivational English Suffixes With Reference To Enola Holmes Movie." ULIL ALBAB : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin 2, no. 7 (2023): 2583–88. https://doi.org/10.56799/jim.v2i7.1760.
Full textAbstract:
One approach to creating words is through derivation. The Plag theory, which claims that there are four types of suffixes—nominal, adjective, verb, and adverb—is used to determine this suffix's form. Comparably, while examining functions, class-maintaining suffixes and class-changing suffixes are two different types of components. The purpose of this study is to recognize the varieties and evaluate the roles of English derivational suffixes in the Enola Holmes movie. The qualitative methodology was used in this study. The information used for this study was taken completely from the Enola Holmes movie by Nancy Springer. In order to define the rules and limitations for creating new words in English, the researcher uses the theory from Plag in a book titled Word-Formation in English to describe the formulation of the problems in this study. The study's findings revealed that there were nominal suffixes, verb suffix, and adjectival suffixes in the data. Noun forming nouns were the only type of class-maintaining suffixes that were present. The verb forming noun, adjective forming noun, noun forming verb, noun forming adjective, and adjective forming adverb were the six components that made up class-changing suffixes.
33
Orešnik, Janez. "Naturalness: Some Slovenian (Morpho)syntactic Examples." Slovene Linguistic Studies 3 (February 5, 2025): 3–31. https://doi.org/10.3986/sls.3.1.01.
Full textAbstract:
Within Naturalness Theory as practised in the local work, the following mostly (morpho)syntactic phenomena of Slovenian are considered (the numbering refers to the so-called deductions in the main text):2. The type Brežice so bile mesto ‘Brežice was a town’, as against to mesto so bile Brežice ‘this town was Brežice’. 3. The verbal aspect in the affirmative and the negative imperative. 4. Informal and less informal addressing of one person. 5. Formal and less formal addressing of one person. 6. The displacement of the adjective modifier to the right of the head. 7. Non-imperative sentences as expressive variants of the imperative. 8. The conditional expressed with an imperative clause. 9. The use of the affirmative imperative supported with suitable particles instead of the negated imperative. 10—11. The accusative in the form of the corresponding genitive if the inanimate noun head of the adjectival is ellipted, e.g., hočem belega ‘I want the white one (scil. the white car)’. 12. The emphasis of intra- and extra-clausal sentence negation. 13. The sentence negation + the finite and infinite verb. 14. The subject complement of middle-voice reflexive verbs in the nominative and in the accusative. 15. The definite form of the adjective in vocatives. 16—7. Full noun phrase subjects with verbs in the non-third verbal person, e.g., študentje garate ‘you students work hard’. 18—9. Pronominal possession, alienable and inalienable. 20. The main arguments of the verb and of the noun. 21—2. Definite and indefinite adjective forms. 23. The definite article ta-. 24. Characterizing and identifying possessive adjectives. 25. Genitivus subiectivus v. genitivus obiectivus. 26. The direct object in infinite clauses of purpose. 27. Inflection of men’s and women’s surnames. 28. Slovenian geographical regions whose names end in -sko and -ska, e.g., Gorenjsko, Gorenjska ‘Upper Carniola’.
34
Li, Penglin. "Adjectivized Grammatical Metaphors in Daily Chinese Conversation." SHS Web of Conferences 179 (2023): 01001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202317901001.
Full textAbstract:
This paper investigates the phenomenon of adjectival grammatical metaphor in everyday Chinese conversation, with the aim of determining its development and its relation to vocabulary structure. The results show that the verb phrase is one of the main sources of adjectival grammatical metaphors. The combination of adjectival phrases and nouns is a form of ‘verb phrase consists of verb + adjective’, which is commonly used in conversation situations. Moreover, vocabulary structure and lexicality are the major factors that affect the expression of adjectival grammar metaphor and its developing mode.
35
Gu, Yulan. "From Differentiation of the Expressive Effects to Conscious Use of Rhetorical Language." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 9, no. 3 (2018): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.0903.22.
Full textAbstract:
The double predicate structures in English are examples of rhetorical use of language. The differentiation between the distinctive double predicate structure “verb + adjective” and the normal predicate structure “verb + adverb” and the subsequent choice in specific contexts is thus not only a matter of grammar rules on the surface, but, more substantively, a matter of conscious use of rhetorical language. The survey conducted among college English teachers in China into their differentiation between “verb + adjective” and “verb + adverb” showed that most respondents didn’t distinguish very well the differing expressive effects caused by the choice of the adjectives or the adjectives’ derivative adverbs in these two types of structures, and that the majority of the respondents had difficulty in making proper choices between them for specific contexts. Since the identification of a language structure is the prerequisite for its appropriate use, due attention in English teaching and learning should be paid to the delicate differences among similar language items and to their differing expressive effects to cultivate awareness and competence of conscious use of rhetorical language, enhancing overall language performance.
36
박숙경. "Comparison of “verb+adjective” phrase with “verb+de+adjective” phrase." Journal of North-east Asian Cultures 1, no. 25 (2010): 431–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17949/jneac.1.25.201012.024.
Full text
37
Li, Wenchao. "On Middle Construction in Japanese." International Journal of English Linguistics 7, no. 6 (2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v7n6p47.
Full textAbstract:
This study uncovers Japanese middle constructions based on the approach of “distributed morphology”. The findings reveal that adjunct is obligatory in Japanese middles. Two types of grammatical elements contribute to the adjunct: suffix and adverbs. The suffix yasui corresponds to English “able”. The case of the subject must be nominative, i.e., が. Once verbs are attached by the suffix yasui, their part of speech transits from verb into adjective. The new lexicon predicates an inherent property of the subject. Regarding middles with adjuncts rendered by adverbs, two subtypes are confirmed: the na-adjective formed adverb 簡単に kantan ni, and the i-adjective formed adverb よく yoku. The former is produced by the na-adjective 簡単 with the copular に. The latter is formed by the i-adjective よい with the predicate く ku. The mechanisms of the constructions rendered by the two are similar. Furthermore, unlike English middles, where non change-of-state verbs are ruled out, there is no distinct lexical category of middle verb Japanese. Rather, six groups of verbs are compatible: (a) motion verbs; (b) change-of-state verbs; (c) action verbs; (d) perception verbs; (e) stative verbs; and (f) accomplishment verbs. Crucially, such generosity does not result from the adjuncts. It is the “potential form” of verbs that enables psychological and perception verbs to be licensed in Japanese middles.
38
Formanowicz, Magdalena, Agnieszka Pietraszkiewicz, Janin Roessel, Caterina Suitner, Marta Witkowska, and Anne Maass. "“Make it Happen!”." Social Psychology 52, no. 2 (2021): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335/a000435.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Verbs may be attributed to higher agency than other grammatical categories. In Study 1, we confirmed this hypothesis with archival datasets comprising verbs ( N = 950) and adjectives ( N = 2115). We then investigated whether verbs (vs. adjectives) increase message effectiveness. In three experiments presenting potential NGOs (Studies 2 and 3) or corporate campaigns (Study 4) in verb or adjective form, we demonstrate the hypothesized relationship. Across studies, (overall N = 721) grammatical agency consistently increased message effectiveness. Semantic agency varied across contexts by either increasing (Study 2), not affecting (Study 3), or decreasing (Study 4) the effectiveness of the message. Overall, experiments provide insights in to the meta-semantic effects of verbs – demonstrating how grammar may influence communication outcomes.
39
Amin, Fadrisal, and Raflis Raflis. "Study of Affixation In West Simeulue Language." Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Scholastic 7, no. 3 (2023): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36057/jips.v7i3.645.
Full textAbstract:
This study discusses the type of affixation, especially prefixes and suffixes in the West Simeulue language. This study aims to find what types of prefixes and suffixes are in West Simeulue language. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data in this thesis are in the form of words, which are taken through an interview process with informants in the form of students who come from Simeulue Island and are native speakers of West Simeulue Language who are in the Padang City West Sumatera. Data collection techniques based on known data regarding the types of Prefix and Suffix affixes in the West Simeulue Language. The results of this study are that there are several types of prefixes and suffixes in West Simeulue language, in the prefix there is pattern form, prefix Ma-+ noun = verb, prefix Ma- + adjective = verb, prefix –Ma + verb = verb, prefix –Ni + noun = Adjective, Prefix –Mam + verb = Verb, prefix –Mang + noun = Verb, prefix Mang- + verb= Verb and in the suffix there is a pattern form that is slightly different from prefix, in the suffix verb + suffix -An= noun, verb + suffix -Ni = adjective, adjective + suffix –Ni = adjective, noun + suffix –I = verb and verb + suffix –I = verb
40
Alazzawi, Wid Wajdi. "THE DIFFICULTY OF USING IRREGULAR SENTENCE BY IRAQI EFL STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 6, no. 6 (2024): 240–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue06-30.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the study is to investigate the difficulty of using irregular verbs in the students writing an essay at the University of Babylon. The design of this study is descriptive qualitative research. The sample of the study comprised 25 students in their fourth year, and it was selected randomly. The findings of the study showed that 70% of the students were unable to use irregular cases such as verbs and adjectives incorrectly. Also, the findings show that the students use both regular and irregular verb (past) in their students' writing essays. The most dominant verb past written by the students in their students’ writing essay is an irregular verb. Regular verbs are verbs that can change according to tense and change it regularly. Regular verbs are verbs whose changes comply with normal rules, that is with add the letter -d or -ed to the verb first-form/verb-1 (infinitive) so that it becomes a verb form second/verb-2 (past tense). Several things must be considered in the way of forming regular verbs by adding the letter -ed suffix or -d in the basic verb/verb-1 (infinitive). Irregular verbs are verbs that change according to the tense and do not comply with normal compliance. The past tense Irregular verbs are not formed from basic verbs/verb-1 (infinitives) plus letters -d or -ed letters to form verb-2/past tense. Irregular verbs form their past tense differently (through) not always) through a vowel and consonant change. This study recommends students should be well-trained on how to use irregular verbs in the past tense case or changing the form of the regular adjective, and also must be memorized by the learners/students because of the difficulty to distinguish the irregular verbs among the sentences.
41
Qiao, Hang. "The Meaning and Usage of Marker Kai in the Ingressive Aspect of Xian Dialect." Communications in Humanities Research 19, no. 1 (2023): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/19/20231235.
Full textAbstract:
In the Xian dialect of China, the auxiliary word Kai() is often used after a verb or adjective, indicating the beginning of a certain behavior or a certain state, which is a Ingressive Aspect marker. The combination of Verb and Kai has two coexisting structures, which is Verb+ Kai + Object and Verb + Object + Kai. The usage of the two forms are similar but different, and is closely related to the Verb + Complement + Object and Verb + Object + Complement structures in the ancient Chinese. When adjectives are combined with and Kai, only qualitative adjectives can be used. The grammaticalization path of the aspect marker Kai was that it was first derived from the notional verb to the use of the complement, thereby developing into the marker of the Ingressive aspect.
42
Lertcharoenwanich, Pallapa, and Supakorn Phoocharoensil. "A Corpus-based Study of the Near-synonyms: Purpose, Goal and Objective." rEFLections 29, no. 1 (2022): 148–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.61508/refl.v29i1.258872.
Full textAbstract:
Synonyms can be problematic for EFL learners since each synonym has distinct meanings to be used in different context. The purposes of this corpus-based study are to investigate distinctions of the synonymous nouns purpose, goal and objective based on the distribution across genres in which the degree of formality is determined and to examine their verb and adjective collocates in relation to semantic preference. The three target synonyms were analyzed by using data drawn from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). The results from the frequency of distribution across genres suggests that the three target synonyms most frequently occur in formal contexts, e.g., academic texts, and they tend to have similar occurrences across genres. In terms of the common verb and adjective collocates, the top-thirty verb and adjective collocates of the target synonyms with the highest frequency and the significant MI score level of ≥ 3 were presented and the collocates with similar meanings were categorized into themes based on their semantic preference. It was found that the three synonymous nouns are near-synonyms with the more closely related status of objective and goal because they share more overlapping semantically-related themes and collocations. However, these synonyms also co-occur with particular verbs or adjectives. This differentiation of collocational patterns of the near-synonyms indicates that they cannot be substitutable in all contexts and the precise usage of each synonym should be taken into consideration.
43
Parmini, Ni Putu, I. Wayan Mawa, I. Made Suparta, and I. Gede Bagus Wisnu Bayu Temaja. "Compound Words in Balinese." West Science Social and Humanities Studies 2, no. 11 (2024): 1866–74. https://doi.org/10.58812/wsshs.v2i11.1440.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to identify the forms and meanings of compound words in Balinese. The data were collected from Balinese speakers, literature, and the researcher’s intuition as a Balinese speaker. In data analysis, it implemented distributional and referential (identity) methods. The research results were presented in formal and informal manners. The results found that Balinese compounds have noun, verb, and adjective classes. Noun compound words have these construction patterns: noun + noun, noun + verb, and noun + adjective. Verb compound words only have verb + noun patterns. Adjective compound nouns have adjective + adjective and adjective + pre-categorical patterns. Furthermore, there are eleven meanings found in compound words, such as utility, place, time, jurisdiction, similarity in forms, to be like habitat, opposite mixed nature, like its origin, resemblance, and intensity.
44
Anwar, Linzia, Hamida A. Jasin, and Susana R. Bahara. "COLLOCATIONS ON BBC ONLINE NEWSPAPER." Jurnal Bilingual 14, no. 2 (2024): 58–70. https://doi.org/10.33387/j.bilingual.v14i2.9295.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research is to identify the types of lexical collocations and the most dominant types of lexical collocations in the BBC online newspaper. The online newspaper serves as the object of this research, and the subjects of the research are news articles from the BBC online newspaper. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with a content analysis approach. Content analysis is used to obtain and analyze data. Data is analyzed using the theory of Benson, M., Benson, E., Ilson (1986). There are seven types of lexical collocations according to Benson and Ilson, namely: verb (usually transitive) and noun/pronoun (or prepositional phrase), verb (meaning eradication and or nullification) and a noun, adjective and noun, noun and verb, noun and noun, adverbs and adjectives, and verbs and adverbs. The findings show that there are 24 lexical collocations. Of the seven types of lexical collocations, only four types of lexical collocations are found in the BBC online newspaper, namely Verb (usually transitive) + noun/pronoun (or prepositional phrase) amounting to 1 lexical collocation data or 4.16%. Verb (meaning eradication and/or nullification) + noun, 1 collocation of lexical data or 4.16%. Adjectives + nouns account for 16 lexical collocation data or 66.66%. And finally noun + noun with 6 lexical data collocations or 25%. Meanwhile, the types of lexical collocations of nouns and verbs, adverbs and adjectives and verbs and adverbs, were not found in the BBC online newspaper. The final conclusion is that the most dominant types used in the BBC online newspaper are adjectives and nouns, namely 16 data or in the form of a percentage of 66.66%.
45
Ćušić, Tarik. "Verb Constructions (u)činiti (se) + Noun or Adjective of Foreign Origin in Parry-Lord’s Collection." Društvene i humanističke studije (Online) 9, no. 2(26) (2024): 555–88. https://doi.org/10.51558/2490-3647.2024.9.2.555.
Full textAbstract:
The paper analyzes the verb constructions composed of the verb with incomplete meanings(u)činiti (se) and nouns or adjectives of foreign origin as lexical meaning in Bosniak epic poems using the example of Parry-Lord’s collection from 1953. Such constructions in the verse structure fill the position of the predicate, either decomposed (verb + noun) or semi-copulative (verb + adjective), and are one of the characteristic features of the oral epic style. The conducted research confirms that the adjectives in these predicates are invariably of oriental origin, and the nouns are mostly of oriental and rarely of Italian and Albanian origin. The purpose of the analysis is not only to give a description of these constructions, but also to explain the reasons for their high frequency. Their frequent use in epic poetry is a reflection of the desire for simplicity, which epic singers fulfill by using traditional patterns of epic formulas: by replacing one noun or adjective with another same syllabic noun or adjective in these constructions the formulas of the second half-verse are very easily created. The simplicity of using these constructions in composing verses favors the frequency of their use. The list of all those constructions from the selected corpus is given in the form of a dictionary article, the structure of which includes an accented determiner, an etymological determiner, an indication of the type of word, a lexicographic (stylistic) determiner, a description of the meaning and an example.
46
Wang, Fang, Simon Kirby, and Jennifer Culbertson. "The learning bias for cross-category harmony is sensitive to semantic similarity: Evidence from artificial language learning experiments." Language 101, no. 1 (2025): 109–50. https://doi.org/10.1353/lan.2025.a954230.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: Cross-category harmony is one of the most well-known typological universals. It describes a trend of consistent alignment of different syntactic categories across phrases within a language. Explanations for this universal vary as to whether cognitive factors play a role or the tendency is instead due to mechanisms of language change alone. In this article we report a series of artificial language learning experiments that aim to test a hypothesized link between cognition and cross-category harmony. As with the typological tendency itself, we find mixed evidence for harmony across different types of phrases. Specifically, learners are biased in favor of consistent alignment of the verb in the verb phrase and the adposition in the adpositional phrase. However, the bias for consistent alignment of the verb in the verb phrase and the adjective in the noun phrase depends on the semantic similarity between adjectives and verbs. When adjectives are active and therefore more verb-like (e.g. broken ), we find harmony; when they are stative and therefore less verb-like (e.g. blue ), we do not. These results suggest that the bias for cross-category harmony is not purely based on the syntactic notions of head and dependent, but reflects the interaction between a general cognitive bias favoring consistent order and cross-category similarity.
47
Villadarez, Chile. "Surface and Deep Structures in Desiderata by Max Ehrmann." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 5, no. 7 (2022): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2022.5.7.4.
Full textAbstract:
This textual investigation assumes that the select sentences excerpted from Desiderata by Max Ehrmann reveal surface and deep structures in linearity. The method used in this study is a structural analysis and description of constituents. The structural analysis involves the immediate constituents and the semantic components of the sentences. The description of constituents involves the transformation of sentences according to the case. The study shows that sentence 1 is a compound sentence made up of verb, adverb, preposition, article, noun, conjunction, article, noun, conjunction, verb, relative pronoun, noun, expletive pronoun, modal auxiliary, main verb, preposition, and noun; sentence 2 is a simple sentence made up of adverb, adjective, adverb, adjective, preposition, noun, verb, preposition, adjective, noun, preposition, adjective, and noun; sentence 3 is a compound sentence made up of verb, pronoun, noun, adverb, conjunction, adverb, conjunction, verb, preposition, and noun; sentence 4 is a compound sentence made up of verb, adjective, conjunction, adjective, noun, pronoun, verb, noun, preposition, article, and noun; and sentence 5 is a compound-complex sentence made up of conjunction, pronoun, verb, pronoun, preposition, noun, pronoun, modal auxiliary, verb, adjective, conjunction, adjective, conjunction, adverb, pronoun, modal auxiliary, verb, adjective, conjunction, adjective, noun, conjunction, and pronoun. The functions revealed in the five sentences are to offer a piece of advice with the notion of telling someone what to do and to express a situation in which the outcome is likely to happen in the future with the notion of telling someone that under a certain condition a specific result will likely to happen in the future. The sentences transform with nominative, possessive, and objective focuses. Based on the findings, it has been concluded that the five select sentences excerpted from Desiderata by Max Ehrmann reveal surface and deep structure in linearity. Recommendations include future research topics that may be investigated by English language researchers and the significance of teaching students of English as a second language surface and deep structure analyses to provide them with samples of how sentences are crafted following the linearity of constituents that express intended meanings, and of how sentences are transformed with different cases.
48
Khamim, Muhamad. "IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS AND PHRASE EXPRESSIONS IN ”DIARY OF A WIMPY KID: THE LONG HAUL” FILM BY DAVID BOWERS." INFERENCE: Journal of English Language Teaching 5, no. 2 (2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/inference.v5i2.8703.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The aim of the research to find and classify types of Idiomatic Expressions and Phrase Expressions in “Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Long Haul” Film by David Bowers. In this research the researcher used qualitative approach, like analyze descriptive narration, a dialog or conversation. Meanwhile, for technique data research by content analysis research. The researcher used Lim’s theory to classify idiomatic expressions. In Lim’s theory there are 6 types of idioms, such as: idioms with phrasal verb, idioms with prepositional phrase, idioms with verbs as keyword, idioms with nouns as keyword, idioms with adjective as keyword, and idiomatic pairs. The result of this research showed that the film used 60 idiom expressions to express their feeling and thought. The researcher found 21 Phrasal Verbs, 19 Verb as Keywords, 8 Adjective as Keywords, 6 Noun as Keywords, 3 Prepositional Phrases and 3 Idiomatic pairs. The researcher used Ba’dulu’s theory to examine phrase expressions. In Ba’dulu’s theory there are 5 types of phrase, such as: noun phrase, verb phrase, prepositional phrase, adjective phrase, and adverb phrase. The result of this research showed that the film used 157 phrases. The researcher found 56 Noun Phrases, 48 Verb Phrases, 23 Prepositional Phrases, 18 Verb Phrases and 12 Adverb Phrases.</p><div> </div>
49
Sri Wahyuni. "APPLYING CLOZE EXERCISE PROCEDURES IN MASTERING READING COMPREHENSION." Visipena Journal 5, no. 1 (2014): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.46244/visipena.v5i1.243.
Full textAbstract:
Cloze procedure is a technique in which words are deleted from a reading passage. In this study, researcher used purposive cloze that deleted content word, such as: noun, adjective and verb. The data taken from 43 students belong to both groups, the experimental group (22 students) and control group (21 students), of the second grade students of SMA Al-Falah Abu Lam-U. The instrument used for collecting the data is test in order to know the students’ achievement in completing nouns, adjectives and verbs, while pre-test and post-test in order to get the result of both groups. The result was analyzed by using statistical formula, such as by calculating the mean score, standard deviation and t-test in order to know whether there is the difference between experimental and control group performance in completing reading with content word deletion. The researcher used percentage formula in order to find out the difference of students’ achievement in completing noun, adjective, and verb deletions in reading passage and also to find out in what level the experimental and control group based on the cloze reading inventory level. Based on the data analysis, the writer found that there is a significant difference between cloze exercise for experimental group and conventional way for control group. It can be shown with the t-test result which is higher than the t-table result (9,41>2,02). It means that the researcher accepts her alternative hypothesis that there is a difference between both techniques, and cloze exercise technique is better than conventional technique. The deletion of verbs is quite easy for both groups. The average percentages of the post-test covers 66% noun, 59% adjective and 73% verb for the experimental group, while the control group results are 59% noun, 51% adjective and 61% verb. To support the data above, the researcher also divided the students’ achievement based on “cloze reading inventory level”. Most of the experimental students are in independent level with the average percentage 66% and few of them in instructional level. While in control group, only few of students are in independent level with the average percentage 58% and most of them are in instructional level.
50
JIMU, Moyinai. "Prosodic Morphology of Verb and Adjective Syllables in Yi." English Language Teaching and Linguistics Studies 4, no. 4 (2022): p105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v4n4p105.
Full textAbstract:
Prosodic morphology is an important research object of prosodic typology, and also one of the important elements of prosody and morphology. This paper briefly discusses the prosodic form of the Yi language in terms of the number of syllables in verbs and adjectives. Pure verbs in Yi language usually appear in the form of single syllables. When restricted in grammatical activities, they are always flexibly used by adding the number of syllables, the most obvious one being nominalization. There are two types of adjectives in the Yi language, namely property adjective and state adjective. They can be mainly differentiated in terms of the syllable numbers of a word: the property adjectives are often monosyllabic, while the state adjectives are polysyllabic. The category of level is also expressed by adjusting the number of syllables. The more syllables, the greater the category of level change.